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FlowCERT
Instruction Manual
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2
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PULSAR MEASUREMENT
3
FLOWCERT (FOURTH EDITION REV 2)
August 2021
Part Number M-150-0-004-2P
COPYRIGHT
© Pulsar Measurement, 2005 -21. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any
language in any form without the written permission of Pulsar Measurement.
WARRANTY AND LIABILITY
Pulsar Measurement guarantee for a period of 2 years from the date of delivery that it will
either exchange or repair any part of this product returned to Pulsar Process Measurement
Limited if it is found to be defective in material or workmanship, subject to the defect not being
due to unfair wear and tear, misuse, modification or alteration, accident, misapplication, or
negligence.
DISCLAIMER
Pulsar Measurement neither gives nor implies any process guarantee for this product and shall
have no liability in respect of any loss, injury or damage whatsoever arising out of the
application or use of any product or circuit described herein.
Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy of this documentation, but Pulsar Measurement
cannot be held liable for any errors.
Pulsar Measurement operates a policy of constant development and improvement and reserves
the right to amend technical details, as necessary.
The FlowCERT shown on the cover of this manual is used for illustrative purposes only and may
not be representative of the actual FlowCERT supplied.
CONTACT
For technical support, please contact:
Europe: supporteurope@pulsarmeasurement.com
Outside Europe: supportnorthamerica@pulsarmeasurement.com
If you have any comments or suggestions about this product, please contact:
Europe: europe@pulsarmeasurement.com
Outside Europe: northamerica@pulsarmeasurement.com
Pulsar Measurement website: www.pulsarmeasurement.com
United States
11451 Belcher Road South
Largo,
FL 33773
888-473-9546
Canada
16456 Sixsmith Drive
Long Sault, Ont.
K0C 1P0
855-300-9151
United Kingdom
Cardinal Building, Enigma
Commercial Centre
Sandy’s Road, Malvern
WR14 1JJ
00 44 (0)1684 89137
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CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Start Here… ........................................................................................................ 11
About this Manual ............................................................................................................ 11
About the FlowCERT ........................................................................................................ 12
Functional Description .................................................................................................... 13
Product Specification ....................................................................................................... 15
EU Certificate of Conformity ......................................................................................... 19
Chapter 2 FlowCERT Installation ...................................................................................... 20
Unpacking ............................................................................................................................ 20
Power Supply Requirements......................................................................................... 20
Location ................................................................................................................................ 20
Dimensions .......................................................................................................................... 22
Wall Mount .......................................................................................................................... 22
Cable Entry ........................................................................................................................... 24
Terminal connection details .......................................................................................... 24
Terminal connections ...................................................................................................... 24
Transducer ........................................................................................................................... 25
ATEX ....................................................................................................................................... 25
FM ........................................................................................................................................... 25
Voltage Selector and Fuse Location .......................................................................... 27
Preparation for Operation ............................................................................................. 28
Maintenance ....................................................................................................................... 28
Chapter 3 DUET transducer ............................................................................................... 29
DUET Transducer ............................................................................................................... 29
Dimensions .......................................................................................................................... 31
Mounting Plate .................................................................................................................. 32
Fixings .................................................................................................................................... 32
Fitting Options ................................................................................................................... 33
Chapter 4 Velocity Sensors ................................................................................................ 34
Functional Description .................................................................................................... 34
Speedy ................................................................................................................................... 34
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MicroFlow ............................................................................................................................. 35
Limitations of use .............................................................................................................. 35
Technical Data .................................................................................................................... 36
Speedy Dimensions .......................................................................................................... 36
MicroFlow Dimensions .................................................................................................... 37
Mounting .............................................................................................................................. 38
Angled Mounting Bracket.............................................................................................. 38
Mounting sensor to a bracket ...................................................................................... 40
Velocity sensor warranty and liability ....................................................................... 42
Velocity sensor wiring details ....................................................................................... 42
Installation of Speedy Sensor ....................................................................................... 44
Limitation of Performance ............................................................................................. 44
Positioning of the Speedy Sensor .............................................................................. 45
Distance from valves and slide gates ........................................................................ 46
Flumes and Channels ....................................................................................................... 48
Positioning of the MicroFlow sensor ......................................................................... 50
Hazardous Area Installation .......................................................................................... 51
Installing the sensor ......................................................................................................... 54
Preparation for Operation ............................................................................................. 55
General Maintenance ...................................................................................................... 55
Operation and Parameters ............................................................................................ 56
Communications and recovery .................................................................................... 58
Maintenance ....................................................................................................................... 59
Chapter 5 How To Use Your FlowCERT ......................................................................... 60
Operating the Controls ................................................................................................... 60
Run Mode ............................................................................................................................. 61
Program Mode ................................................................................................................... 62
How to Access Program Mode .................................................................................... 62
Hot Keys ................................................................................................................................ 63
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Menu Keys ........................................................................................................................... 64
Numeric Keys ...................................................................................................................... 64
Using the Menu System ................................................................................................. 65
Directly Editing Parameters ......................................................................................... 66
Test Mode ............................................................................................................................ 67
Using the Serial Interface ............................................................................................... 68
Parameter Defaults ........................................................................................................... 70
Chapter 6 Quick Setup Guide ........................................................................................... 71
Enter Program Mode ....................................................................................................... 71
Choose Quick Setup ......................................................................................................... 71
Choose Your Application ............................................................................................... 72
Quick Setup ......................................................................................................................... 74
Exponential Devices (P700 = 1) ................................................................................... 78
Point of Measurement .................................................................................................... 79
Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 81
Example 1 V-Notch Weir ................................................................................................ 83
BS3680 Flumes (P700 = 2) ............................................................................................. 85
Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 86
Rectangular Flume ............................................................................................................ 86
U-Throated Flume ............................................................................................................. 87
Example 2 BS3680 U-Throated Flume ...................................................................... 88
BS3680 Weirs (P700 = 3) ................................................................................................ 90
Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 90
BS3680 Rectangular Weir .............................................................................................. 90
BS3680 V-Notch Weir...................................................................................................... 91
Example 3 BS3680 Rectangular Weir ....................................................................... 92
BS3680 Rectangular Broad Crested Weir ................................................................ 94
Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 94
Area Velocity ....................................................................................................................... 96
Calculations ......................................................................................................................... 97
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Special Devices (P700 =5) ............................................................................................ 100
Calculations ....................................................................................................................... 101
Universal Calculations (P700=6) ................................................................................ 102
Calculations ....................................................................................................................... 102
Chapter 7 Parameter Guide ............................................................................................. 104
Menu System .................................................................................................................... 104
Top Level Menu ............................................................................................................... 104
Application Menu ............................................................................................................ 105
Relays Menu ...................................................................................................................... 106
Data Logs Menu .............................................................................................................. 107
OCM Menu ........................................................................................................................ 108
OCM Menu When P130 = 2 (Velocity) ................................................................... 109
Display Menu .................................................................................................................... 110
mA Output 1 Menu ........................................................................................................ 111
mA Output 2 Menu ........................................................................................................ 111
Compensation .................................................................................................................. 112
Stability Menu .................................................................................................................. 112
Echo Processing Menu .................................................................................................. 113
System Menu .................................................................................................................... 114
Device Comm Menu ...................................................................................................... 115
Test Menu .......................................................................................................................... 116
Chapter 8 Parameter Listing and Description .......................................................... 117
Application Parameters................................................................................................. 117
Operation ........................................................................................................................... 117
Dimensions ........................................................................................................................ 118
mA Input ............................................................................................................................. 120
Relay Parameters ............................................................................................................. 122
Alarms .................................................................................................................................. 123
Pumps .................................................................................................................................. 127
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Control ................................................................................................................................. 131
Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 133
Common Relay parameters......................................................................................... 135
Data Log parameters ..................................................................................................... 136
Totaliser Audits ................................................................................................................ 136
Temperature ...................................................................................................................... 136
OCM Parameters ............................................................................................................. 137
PMD Setup ......................................................................................................................... 137
Dimensions ........................................................................................................................ 143
Calculations ....................................................................................................................... 148
Device mode = Velocity ............................................................................................... 149
Breakpoints ........................................................................................................................ 152
Tables ................................................................................................................................... 153
Average Flow .................................................................................................................... 153
Display Parameters ......................................................................................................... 154
Options ................................................................................................................................ 154
Failsafe ................................................................................................................................. 155
Auxiliary ............................................................................................................................... 156
Totaliser ............................................................................................................................... 158
Bargraph ............................................................................................................................. 160
mA Output 1 Parameters ............................................................................................. 160
Range ................................................................................................................................... 160
Operation ........................................................................................................................... 161
Setpoint ............................................................................................................................... 161
Limits .................................................................................................................................... 162
Trim ....................................................................................................................................... 162
Failsafe ................................................................................................................................. 163
Allocation ........................................................................................................................... 163
mA Output 2 Parameters ............................................................................................. 164
Range ................................................................................................................................... 164
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Operation ........................................................................................................................... 165
Setpoint ............................................................................................................................... 165
Limits .................................................................................................................................... 166
Trim ....................................................................................................................................... 166
Failsafe ................................................................................................................................. 167
Allocation ........................................................................................................................... 167
Compensation Parameters .......................................................................................... 168
Offset.................................................................................................................................... 168
Temperature ...................................................................................................................... 168
Velocity ................................................................................................................................ 169
Stability Parameters ....................................................................................................... 169
Damping ............................................................................................................................. 169
Indicator .............................................................................................................................. 169
Rate ....................................................................................................................................... 170
Filters .................................................................................................................................... 171
Echo Processing Parameters ....................................................................................... 172
Transducer 1 Status ........................................................................................................ 172
System Parameters ......................................................................................................... 173
Passcode ............................................................................................................................. 173
Backup ................................................................................................................................. 173
System Information ........................................................................................................ 174
Date & Time ...................................................................................................................... 175
LED Colour ......................................................................................................................... 175
Watchdog ........................................................................................................................... 176
Daylight Saving Time ..................................................................................................... 177
Device Comm. .................................................................................................................. 181
RS232 Set Up .................................................................................................................... 181
RS 485 Set Up ................................................................................................................... 182
Remote Alarm ................................................................................................................... 183
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Test Parameters ............................................................................................................... 185
Simulation .......................................................................................................................... 185
Hardware ............................................................................................................................ 187
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting .............................................................................................. 189
Chapter 10 Disposal ............................................................................................................ 190
Notes ........................................................................................................................................ 191
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CHAPTER 1: START HERE…
Congratulations on your purchase of a Pulsar FlowCERT. This quality system
has been developed over many years and represents the latest in high
technology ultrasonic level measurement and control.
It has been designed to give you years of trouble-free performance, and a
few minutes spent reading this operating manual will ensure that your
installation is as simple as possible.
About this Manual
It is important that this manual is referred to for correct installation and
operation. There are various parts of the manual that offer additional help
or information as shown.
Tips
TIP: Look for t h i s ic on throu g h o u t your Pulsar M e a s u r e m ent manual to
find helpful i n f o rmation and an s w e r s t o frequentl y a s ked question s .
Additional Information
References
See Also
References to other parts of the manual.
Additional Information
At various parts of the manual, you will find sections
like this that explain specific things in more detail.
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About the FlowCERT
The FlowCERT open channel flow meter is a brand-new concept in ultrasonic
flow metering, incorporating the latest temperature compensation
techniques. The FlowCERT provides comprehensive flow monitoring with
data logging and control functions for a complete range of flumes, weirs
and channels with provision for using a velocity sensor input to enable
calculation of flow through channels where no primary measuring element is
present. Utilizing the DUET transducer, a revolutionary concept in solar
radiation compensation, the FlowCERT can compensate for temperature
variation based upon changes in the speed of sound through air rather than
relying on traditional temperature sensors that often absorb solar radiation
to give an inaccurate temperature reading.
Easy calibration and maintenance free “fit and forget” performance mean
that you can install the FlowCERT rapidly and with confidence. There are Five
user-definable relays enabling initiation of control or indication devices such
as pumps, samplers, and remote totalizers whilst local indication of flow and
total flow is provided by a back lit LCD display with bar graph.
The FlowCERT is by far the most versatile open channel flow monitor on the
market today.
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Functional Description
The FlowCERT is non-contacting and operates on the principle of timing the
echo received from a pulse of sound in air, when used with the revolutionary
new DUET (Double Ultrasonic Echo Transducer) transducer this provides a
highly accurate calculation of flow, from the measured head preceding the
primary element.
Pulsar’s DUET is a completely new concept, employing two separate
ultrasonic transducers mounted at different heights above the measured
head within the Primary Measurement Device (PMD). Both transducers emit
sound pulses synchronously and the returning echoes are analyzed in the
FlowCERT discriminating between the two signals so the time difference can
be calculated extremely accurately. All other effects, including temperature,
are irrelevant and can be eliminated. The FlowCERT then uses this
knowledge to dynamically calculate the distance to the liquid surface
resulting in accuracy which has never been seen before.
Flow calculations to the British Standard BS3680 are available within the
software together with calculations for a wide variety of other primary
elements. Also available within the unit is a customized 32-point calibration
routine which also permits the flow measurement of non - standard flumes
and weirs. For channels without primary elements the FlowCERT even offers
the option of connecting a Speedy or MicroFlow Velocity Sensor and
performing the calculations of Flow (Q) = Velocity x area for a wide variety of
channel shapes.
The FlowCERT utilises the unique DATEM software (Digital Adaptive Tracking
of Echo Movement). This is a proven digital mapping technique developed
especially for the Pulsar ultra range. It gives the system edge when
identifying the “true target level” in the face of competing echoes from such
things as pipes or other obstructions.
The FlowCERT can measure from zero to 49.213feet (16m) from the
transducer to the surface being monitored, dependent on the transducer
used.
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The FlowCERT can show level, space, distance, head, or flow on the display.
The relays can be programmed to activate alarms, pump starters, or other
control equipment. There are two isolated 4-20 mA outputs that can be
connected to a chart recorder or PLC, to monitor level, space, or distance,
independently from that shown on the display. There is an RJ11port which
allows an RS232 serial interface, so that the FlowCERT can be operated
remotely by a PC or other equipment.
The FlowCERT can be programmed either by the built-in keypad or by PC via
the RS 232 Serial Interface (optional). All the parameters are stored in nonvolatile memory, so are retained in the event of power interruption. A
second backup copy of all parameters can also be retained in the FlowCERT,
in case a previous set of parameters needs to be restored.
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Product Specification
PHYSICAL
Wall Mount Outside Dimensions
235 x 184 x 120 mm (9.25 x 7.24 x 4.72 inch)
Weight
Nominal 1kg (2.2lbs)
Enclosure Material/Description
Polycarbonate, flame resistant to UL94-5V
Cable Entry Detail
10 cable entry knock outs, 1 x M16, 5 x M20
underside, 4 x 18mm dia (PG11) at rear
Transducer Cable Extensions
3 conductor 20AWG screened
Maximum Separation
1000m(3,280 ft), 500m (1,640 ft) for mmWave
ENVIRONMENTAL
IP Rating (Wall)
IP65 (NEMA 4X), IP20 when open
Max. & min. temperature
(electronics)
-20 ºC to +50 ºC (-4˚F to +120˚F)
Altitude
2,000m (6,561 ft)
Flammable atmosphere approval
Safe area: compatible with approved dB transducers
(see transducer spec' sheet)
CE Approval
See EU Declaration of Conformity
PERFORMANCE
Accuracy
Dependent on application and sensor used,
typically with standard ultrasonic transducer, 0.25%
of the measured range or 6 mm (0.24") (whichever
is greater). DUET 0.025% of Max. range. mmWAVE
± 2mm.)
Resolution
Dependent on application and sensor used, typically
with standard ultrasonic transducer, 0.1% of the
measured range or 0.08” (2mm) (whichever is greater).
DUET 0.1 mm.
Max. Range
Dependent on application and transducer (maximum
16m (52.49ft) dBR16)
Min. Range
Dependent upon application and transducer
(minimum zero dB Mach3)
Rate Response
Fully adjustable
ECHO PROCESSING
Description
DATEM (Digital Adaptive Tracking of Echo Movement)
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OUTPUTS
Analogue output (x2)
Isolated (floating) output (to 150V) of 4-20 mA or 0-20
mA into 500Ω (user programmable and adjustable)
1µA resolution
Digital output
Full Duplex RS232
Volt free contacts, number, and
rating
5 form "C" (SPDT) rated at 5A at 115V/240V AC
Display
6 digits plus 12-character text, plus bar graph with
direction indicators, remote communicator identifier,
and program/run/test mode indicators
ANALOG INPUT
0-20 or 4-20 mA
Isolated (floating) input (to 150V) 4-20mA or 0-20 mA
source or sink open circuit voltage (source) 33V, 22V
at 4mA, 14V at 20Ma (user programmable and
adjustable) 0.1%resolution
VELOCITY INPUT
Velocity sensor
via RS 485 digital communications interface
PROGRAMMING
On-board programming
By integral keypad
PC programming
Via RS232
Programming security
Via passcode (user selectable and adjustable)
Programmed data integrity
Via non-volatile RAM, plus backup
SUPPLY
Power Supply
115V AC +5% / 10% 50/60 Hz, 230V AC +5% / 10%
50/60 Hz. DC 22-28V 10W maximum power (typically
6W)
Mains Fuse (F1)
125 mA at 115V AC
DC (Battery) (F2)
1A Thermal (self-resetting after power removed). Not
user replaceable
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Speedy Sensor
PHYSICAL
Dimensions
See Chapter 4 Velocity Sensors for dimensions
Medium Contacting Material
Polyurethane, stainless steel 1.4571 (V4A), PVDF
Cable Type
LiYC11Y 2x1.5 + 1x2x0.34
SUPPLY
Power Supply
DC 8 – 24V. 2.1W power supplied by processor
ENVIRONMENTAL
IP Rating
IP68
Max and Min Temperature
-20 ºC to +50 ºC (+40ºC in Ex Zone 1)
COMMUNICATION
RS485 proprietary Interface
9600 Baud rate, 8 Bits, 1 Stop bit, no Parity
MISCELLANEOUS
Measurement principal
Ultrasonic continuous wave DOPPLER
Measurement frequency
1 MHz
MicroFlow Sensor
PHYSICAL
Dimensions
See Chapter 4 Velocity Sensors for dimensions
Sensor Body Materials
Valox 357
Mounting connection
Via 1” BSP or NPT back mounted thread, 45º angled
bracket (optional).
Mounting Angle
45º optimum and mounted at the center line of the
channel with clear uninterrupted flow.
Sensor Body weight
Nominal 0.7kg (1.54lbs.)
Sensor Cable Extensions
5-core screened
Maximum separation
Up to 500m (1,640 ft.)
ENVIRONMENTAL
Enclosure protection
IP68
Max and Min Temperature
-20 ºC to +70 ºC (-4˚F to +158˚F)
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APPROVALS
CE and Radar Approval
Refer to MicroFlow manual for EU Certificate of
Conformity
ATEX Approvals
CML 16ATEX2331X, IECEx CML 16.105X II 2 G Ex mb
IIC T4 GbII 2 D EX mb IIIC T135oC Db Tamb -20°C to
+60°C
PERFORMANCE
Velocity Range
0.2 – 6 m/s
Accuracy
Greater of +/- 0.5% or 0.03 m/s
Optimum Installation
Install at an angle of 45º. Further information can be
found in Chapter 4 Velocity Sensors – Locating the
MicroFlow.
Maximum channel width per
sensor
1.5m
Radar
K-Band (ISM)
Transmit power
<15dBm
Beam Width
20° Inclusive
OUTPUTS
Communication
RS485 and Modbus RTU-Integrates with compatible
Pulsar controllers.
PROGRAMMING
PC Programming
Via RS485 Modbus
Programmed data integrity
Via non-volatile memory
PC Software
MicroFlow PC – Compatible with Win 7, Win 8 and
Win 10
SUPPLY
Operating Voltage
10-28V DC
Power Consumption
0.36W (15mA at 28V DC)
Pulsar Measurement operates a policy of constant development and improvement and reserve
the right to amend technical details, as necessary.
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EU Certificate of Conformity
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CHAPTER 2 FLOWCERT INSTALLATION
Unpacking
Power Supply Requirements
FlowCERT can operate from AC supply or from a DC battery. The AC is 115V
+5%/-10% 50/60Hz or 230V +5%/-10% 50/60Hz, depending on the position
of the selector switch. The DC is 22-28V. In all cases the FlowCERT will
typically consume 6W of power, with a maximum of 10W. If FlowCERT has
both an AC and DC supply available then the AC supply source will be
automatically sensed and used, should the AC supply be removed for any
reason then the DC supply will take over.
FlowCERT should be mounted by drilling three holes suitable for size 8
screws (length to suit your application) and fixing the top screw in place.
Hang the unit on this and fix the two remaining screws by removing the
terminals access cover to access the pre-drilled holes.
Location
When choosing a location to mount the enclosure, bear in mind the
following:
• Ensure that the FlowCERT is installed in a “Safe”, non-hazardous, area.
• For a clear view of the LCD display it is recommended that it is
mounted at eye level.
• The mounting surface is vibration-free.
• The ambient temperature is between -20ºC and 50ºC.
• There should be no high voltage cables or inverters close by.
Important Information
All shipping cartons should be opened carefully. When using a box cutter, do not
plunge the blade deeply into the box, as it could potentially cut or scratch
equipment components. Carefully remove equipment from each carton,
checking it against the packing list before discarding any packing material. If
there is any shortage or obvious shipping damage to the equipment, report it
immediately to Pulsar Process Measurement Limited.
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The FlowCERT must be mounted in a non-hazardous (safe) area, and the
transducer fitted in the hazardous area. There are 6 cable gland knockouts
on the base of the FlowCERT (5 x 20mm (0.79"), 1 x 16mm (0.63")) and 4 on
the rear (4 x 18mm dia (0.73")). Select which ones you wish to take out, and
remove them by using a circular cutter, such as a tank cutter. Take care not
to damage the circuit board inside whilst undertaking this. Do not use a
hammer, as this may cause damage to the enclosure.
It is recommended that you use suitable cable glands to ensure that the
ingress rating is maintained.
All electronic products are susceptible to electrostatic shock, so follow proper
grounding procedures during installation.
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Dimensions
The echo screen displays the echo data. Below is an annotated example of a
typical secondary settlement tank sludge interface.
Wall Mount
The dimensions of the wall fixing holes are as shown below:
The FlowCERT should be mounted y drilling three holes suitable for size 8
screws (length to suit the application) and fixing the screw in place. Hang
the unit on this and fix the two remaining screws by removing the terminal
access cover to access the pre-drilled holes.
198mm (7.80”)
30mm
(1.18”)
142mm
(5.59”)
FIXING HOLES
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The full dimensions of the enclosure are as shown below:
235mm (9.25”)
184mm (7.24”)
212mm (8.35”)
0.96”
(24.5mm)
1.89”
(48mm)
0.96”
(24.5mm)
1.06”
(27mm)
1.10”
(28mm)
1.10”
(28mm)
1.10”
(28mm)
1.18”
(30mm)
142mm (5.59”)
4.72” (120mm)
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Cable Entry
There are 6 cable gland knockouts on the base of the FlowCERT (5 x 20mm
(0.79"), 1 x 16mm (0.63")) and 4 on the rear (4 x 18mm dia (0.73")). Select
which ones you wish to take out, and remove them by using a circular cutter,
such as a tank cutter. Take care not to damage the circuit board inside whilst
undertaking this. Do not use a hammer, as this may cause damage to the
enclosure. It is recommended that you use suitable cable glands to ensure
that the ingress rating is maintained.
Terminal connection details
There is a wiring diagram inside the terminal access cover, and is shown
below:
Terminal connections
Power
The FlowCERT can operate from mains AC and automatically from DC or
battery backup in the event of power failure or can be operated permanently
from DC or batteries.
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Transducer
The transducer should be installed, and connected, in accordance with the
installation instructions contained in the Transducer User Guide. The entire
range of standard dB/dBR transducers is certified for use in hazardous areas
and different models are available for use in Zone 1 or Zone 0. DBR16 is
also available for use up to Zone 0. Wire the transducer to the FlowCERT
transducer terminals as follows:
Transducer 1
TERMINAL CONNECTION DETAILS
Unit Type
Green:
Screen
Red:
Power
White:
Signal 3 Wall Mount
37
38
39
40
When using 2-core screened extension cable, the Black and Green wires of
the transducer should be connected to the screen of the extension cable
which in turn should be connected to the appropriate 0 volts’ terminal of the
FlowCERT.
ATEX
For Zone 1 applications a transducer certified to Sira 02ATEX5104X is used,
and must be supplied via a 4000A breaking fuse, which is fitted as standard
to the FlowCERT.
For Zone 0 a transducer certified to Sira 02ATEX2103X is used, which must
be connected to the FlowCERT controller via an external Zener barrier.
FM
For EEx m (Zone 1) applications a transducer certified to FM Class I Div 1
Group A, B, C & D, ClassII Div 1 Group E, F & G, Class III is used, and must
be supplied via a 1500A breaking fuse, which is fitted as standard to the
FlowCERT level controller. Restrictions do not use in the presence of these
groups of Chemicals, Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Ketones or Esters.
For EEx ia (I.S.) a transducer certified to FM Class I Div 1 Group A, B, C &
D, ClassII Div 1 Group E, F & G is used, which must be connected to the
FlowCERT via an external Zener barrier. See transducer label for certification
details.
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Relay Outputs
The five relays can be programmed for a variety of alarms, pump control, or
other process functions. The relay contacts are all rated at 5A at 240V AC. All
connections should be such that the short circuit capacity of the circuits to
which they are connected, is limited by fuses rated so that they do not
exceed the relay rating.
Current Output
There are two mA outputs which are fully assignable, both outputs are
isolated (floating) mA outputs (to 150 V), of 4 - 20mA or 0 - 20mA, and the
load should not exceed 500 .
Current Input
This feature facilitates the use of suitable devices to provide an input for
level or velocity. The current input will accept both ‘active’ and ‘passive’
devices which provide an input of 4 - 20mA or 0 -20mA.
Velocity Input
This feature allows direct connection of a MicroFlow or Speedy velocity
sensor, via RS485 communications, to provide the FlowCERT with an input
which is proportional to the velocity of flow, to enable calculation of flow
using the Area/Velocity formula. For full details and installation instructions
of the Speedy and MicroFlow velocity sensor please refer to Chapter 4
Velocity Sensor. In cases where the RS485 is used for communications
(MODBUS or PROFIBUS), and therefore not available as an input for the
velocity sensor, then the velocity sensor can be connected to the Current
Input via an optional Velocity Interface device. For full details and installation
instructions of the Velocity Interface, please refer to the relevant manual.
RS232 Interface
If required you can connect to the serial interface, to operate your FlowCERT
remotely.
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Voltage Selector and Fuse Location
The voltage selector switch, and mains fuse is located inside the terminal
compartment. This is left of the mains terminals, as illustrated below:
DON’T FORGET
Make sure you move the voltage selector switch to the correct position for your
power supply
Important Information
Before applying AC power (mains), make sure you have correctly selected
the voltage selector switch, as detailed in the preceding pages.
Please note that all units are supplied set to 230 volts AC for safety reasons,
and a 100mA fuse fitted as standard.
Never operate the FlowCERT with terminal access exposed.
An external switch or circuit breaker should be installed near to the
FlowCERT to allow the supply to be removed during installation and
maintenance. In addition, the relay contacts should also have a means of
isolating them from the FlowCERT.
Interconnecting cables must be adequately insulated in accordance with
local regulations. Strip back 30 mm of the outer insulation of the cable.
Strip 5 mm of insulation from the end of each conductor. Twist all exposed
strands of the conductor together. Insert the stripped conductor into the
terminal block as far as it will go and tighten the terminal block screw.
Ensure that all strands are firmly clamped in the terminal block and that
there is no excess bare conductor showing, and no stray strands.
Important Information
If the equipment is installed or used in a manner not specified in this
manual, then the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
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Preparation for Operation
Before switching on, check the following:
✓ FlowCERT is mounted correctly and is in a ‘safe’ area.
✓ The power supply is correctly installed.
✓ The voltage selector switch is in the correct position.
✓ The relays are connected correctly.
Maintenance
There are no user serviceable parts inside FlowCERT, except the mains fuse.
If you experience any problems with the unit, then please contact Pulsar
Process Measurement for advice.
To clean the equipment, wipe with a damp cloth. Do not use any solvents on
the enclosure.
Important Information
The unique DATEM software comes into operation as soon as power is
applied and is designed to monitor a moving level or target with the
transducer in a fixed position.
If, after any period of use, it should become necessary to move the
transducer, for any reason, from its original operating position, switch off
the FlowCERT, before proceeding, in order to prevent any undesirable
updates to the DATEM trace. If after moving the transducer the reading is
not as expected, please refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting.
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CHAPTER 3 DUET TRANSDUCER
DUET Transducer
With the DUET, Pulsar Measurement has taken ultrasonic level measurement
accuracy to a new level. With the advent of DUET, the effect of temperature
has been removed. DUET produces synchronous pulses from transducers a
known distance apart. The returning echoes from the transducers are
measured, and the fixed distance between the two is used to dynamically
calibrate the measurement to remove the temperature effect. For the first
time, genuine "millimetre accuracy" is available in the real world, in a real
application.
• For optimum performance, the DUET should be installed a minimum
of 300mm (12") from the side wall and as close as is reasonably
possible, but, no closer than 300mm (12”), from the liquid surface,
when the channel is full (maximum head).
1 to 6.46 ft
(0.3 to 2m)
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• The DUET should be installed such that the bottom transducer is
at least 300mm (12”) above the maximum head.
• The DUET can measure up to 2m (6.56 ft) from the DUET’s lower
transducer face.
• For MCERT the maximum accuracy will be achieved when the
distance from the DUET’s lower transducers face to the target is
within 1.5m (4.9 ft).
• Ensure the DUET is installed upright and level, perpendicular to the
target surface and is fixed securely.
• The ‘U’ bolts can be fixed horizontally or vertically in the fixing plate
dependent on the beam it is being attached to.
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Dimensions
205.4mm
(8.09”)
624mm
(24.57”)
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Mounting Plate
Fixings
The DUET is supplied with two large ‘U’ bolt clamps and two smaller ‘U’ bolt
clamps (dimensions below) with all the necessary washers and nuts included.
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Fitting Options
Using the fixings supplied, the DUET can be mounted using any of the
following three methods.
1. Horizontal bar with
large clamps
2. Vertical bar with
large clamps
3. Horizontal bar with
small clamps
Important Information
When installing the DUET sensor, take care to ensure that there are no
obstacles protruding into the path of the higher transducer around the area
of the mounting bracket.
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CHAPTER 4 VELOCITY SENSORS
For channels without primary elements the MicroFlow and Speedy Velocity
Sensors can be used with the FlowCERT to perform the calculation of Flow
(Q) = Velocity x Area for a wide variety of channel shapes and pipes.
Functional Description
Speedy
The Speedy is designed to measure the velocity in all open channels and
pipes of any shape or size. The flow level (depth/height) is measured by the
ultrasonic transducer connected to the FlowCERT whilst the flow velocity is
measured by the velocity sensor, which utilises ultrasonic Doppler
technology. The flow velocity measurement is transferred to the FlowCERT
using the proprietary communications protocol through the RS 485
terminals.
Speedy – FlowCERT Configuration
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MicroFlow
The MicroFlow is a non-contacting velocity sensor. The sensor provides
reliable flow velocity measurements using short pulses of micro-waves,
which are transmitted by an enclosed antenna. The reflected signal is
captured by the on-board microprocessor via the antenna and analysed and
transferred to the FlowCERT to determine the velocity.
The MicroFlow automatically matches to the protocol and Baud rate of the
controller. When it is connected to the FlowCERT and powered up, after
approx. 20 seconds the sensor will adjust to the Baud rate of the FlowCERT.
MicroFlow – FlowCERT Configuration
Limitations of use
• The MicroFlow must be routinely inspected to avoid the build-up of
dust layers when installed into Zone 21 & 22.
• Electrostatic Hazard: The MicroFlow must only be wiped with a damp
or antistatic cloth.
• Only leaded little fuses (0242 series) of 100mA should be used with the
Exmb approved MicroFlow.
• Outer enclosure is made from Valox 357U, consider the performance of
this material with respect to chemicals that may be present in
hazardous areas.
• The equipment should not be used if there are any cracks/damage to
any part of the enclosure.
Flow
Flow
OR
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Technical Data
Speedy Dimensions
All dimensions in the above drawing are in metric (millimeters)
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MicroFlow Dimensions
The dimensions of the sensor body are shown below:
To obtain the most accurate results, ensure the device is mounted at a 45°
angle to the surface being measured.
78mm (3.07”)
1” BSP/NPT
2.87” (73mm)
90mm (3.54”)
BOTTOM
39mm (1.53”)
140mm
(5.51”)
45°
Green ‘Dot’ to be positioned
on top of sensor
Surface of measurement
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Mounting
For optimum results it is highly recommended to use the MicroFlow angled bracket,
which is available from your Pulsar distributor, which will ensure that the MicroFlow
can be correctly installed. The bracket can be used if the MicroFlow sensor is to be
mounted on its own in a specific location or along with a Pulsar dB transducer. Please
see the diagram below Angled Mounting Bracket, for dimensions of this bracket,
please note that the drawing is not to scale.
‘Mounting sensor to a bracket’ illustrates how you would install the sensor to one
of Pulsar’s angled brackets.
The MicroFlow angled bracket should be mounted by marking and drilling the holes
suitable for fixing your screws/bolts (length to suit your application) and then fixing
the bracket in place.
Angled Mounting Bracket
Part number: dBA0008MF
45°
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Important Information
Using a spirit level, ensure that the mounting bracket is level before
attaching the sensor to it.
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Mounting sensor to a bracket
Mounting the sensor to the 45° angled bracket is done via an adapter and
M20 nut, as shown in the diagram below:
For correct installation, we recommend that the adapter is threaded on the
cable, and carefully screwed onto the MicroFlow before fitting to the
bracket. This will reduce the risk of any ’twisting’ in the cable.
Ensure that the sensor is tightened, and the dot is in the correct position.
Bracket
Adapter
Cable
Green dot to be
displayed on top
Important Information
When fixing the sensor to the adapter, ensure that care is taken when
pulling the sensor cable through. And once attached to the adapter, and
the M20 nut is tightened, the green dot should be central to the movement
of flow as shown in Fig.1.
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Care should be taken not to overtighten the sensor when everything is
connected, as seen in the diagram below, as this could cause damage to
the housing.
Central to the movement
of flow in channel.
Fig.1
305mm (12.01”)
215mm
(8.46”)
205mm
(8.07”)
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Velocity sensor warranty and liability
Pulsar Measurement Limited guarantee for a period of 12 months for a
Speedy sensor and 24 months for a MicroFlow. From the date of delivery,
that it will either exchange or repair any part of this product returned to
Pulsar Process Measurement Limited. If it is found to be defective in
material or workmanship, subject to the defect not being due to unfair wear
and tear, misuse, modification or alteration, accident, misapplication, or
negligence.
Velocity sensor wiring details
The Pulsar FlowCERT is interfaced to a Velocity sensor via a digital
communications interface through the RS485 terminals. The sensor also
takes its power from the FlowCERT unit. The terminal strip for the wall
mount FlowCERT is as detailed below. There is also a wiring diagram inside
the terminal access cover.
Details on connecting the Speedy sensor to the FlowCERT are as follows:
CABLE COLOUR
FLOWCERT TERMINALS
DESCRIPTION
Black
34
RS485 Common
Green
35
RS485 – (A)
White
36
RS485 + (B)
Red
41
24 Volt DC Supply
Blue
44
0 Volt DC Supply (GND)
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Details on connecting the MicroFlow sensor to the FlowCERT are as follows:
CABLE COLOUR
FLOWCERT TERMINALS
DESCRIPTION
Blue
34
RS485 Common
White
35
RS485 – (A)
Orange
36
RS485 + (B)
Red
41
24 Volt DC Supply
Black
44
0 Volt DC Supply (GND)
The Green cable (cable screen) should be connected to Earth such as
terminal 44 (0V).
Fuse 100mA leaded little fuse 0242
MicroFlow
Cable
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Installation of Speedy Sensor
Limitation of Performance
Correct installation and the positioning of the Speedy sensor is essential for
maintaining measurement accuracy and the reliability of a Speedy velocity
unit, and there are a number of factors which will limit the performance of
the Speedy Velocity Sensor.
1. Temperature – the speedy velocity sensor should only be operated in
the temperature range stated in the Product Specification section of
this Chapter, operation outside of this temperature range will have a
significant effect on the accuracy of velocity measurement.
2. Measurement Medium – the speedy velocity sensor uses ultrasonic
Doppler technology and therefore relies on the transmitted signal
being reflected back to the sensor from particles (solids) contained in
the media, it is therefore not suitable for the measurement of velocity
in media that do not contain particles e.g. clean water. Speedy should
only be used in medium that is compatible with the materials used in
the construction of the speedy, resistance and compatibility lists for
the materials used are available from Pulsar on request. Highly
abrasive medium may lead to mechanical wear of the sensor and in
the case of high velocities or large particle size this may result in
permanent damage to the sensor.
3. Hydraulic disturbance – correct installation, of the Speedy sensor, in
the vicinity of bends, profile changes, gates/slides and any form of
hydraulic ramp/jump are essential to ensure accuracy of
measurement. Changes to direction of flow (streaming or
reverse/surge flows) must also be avoided at the point of
measurement.
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Positioning of the Speedy Sensor
The required mounting distances between any hydraulic disturbance and the
installation point are as follows:
Change of Profile
h < 2.5% of Diameter, L>min. 3 x Diameter
h > 2.5% of Diameter, L = distance to where standing wave does not exist
anymore.
Curves and Bends
for v < 1m/s (3fps): a < 15° L> min. 3 x Diameter
a < 45° L> min. 10 x Diameter
a < 90° L > min. 20 x DN,
for v > 1m/s (3fps): a > 15° L = distance until the surface of the water
reaches laminar flow
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Distance from valves and slide gates
Sensors on front of slide gates
L = 3 x Diameters
Sensors on front of slide gates
L ≥ distance until a steady flow rises plus 2 x Diameter
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Steps or obstruction
h < 2.5% of Diameter L ≥ min 3 x Diameter
h > 2.5% of Diameter L = distance until a steady flow rises plus 2 x Diameter
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Flumes and Channels
For installations in a flume or channel please note the following:
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Positioning of the MicroFlow sensor
For optimum accuracy install the MicroFlow where the flow is not turbulent.
An ideal location for the sensor is in the centre of a long straight channel.
Vertical drops, baffles, curves, or junctions can cause the velocity profile to
be distorted.
To obtain optimum results in velocity readings, the MicroFlow sensor
requires surface ripples to be present to provide a reliable measurement. If
there are not any surface ripples within the sensors field of view under ant
flow conditions, then an alternative measurement point should be found, or
ripples created.
Locating the MicroFlow
• If the width of the channel exceeds 1.5m. Multiple MicroFlow sensors
are required to be used in conjunction with the Ultimate Controller.
• When a level measurement transducer is used and mounted on the
same bracket as the MicroFlow. Consider, the ‘blanking’ distance of the
transducer when mounting the bracket for the application.
• Ensure that there is an unobstructed path between the sensor and the
surface of the moving liquid being measured.
• Position the sensor at a height of 250mm above maximum liquid level
or up to two times the channel width from the minimum liquid level,
whichever is greater. As shown in the diagram below:
B
A
Max Liquid Level
Min Liquid Level
MicroFlow
Important Information
If the maximum water height exceeds 2x width of the channel OR if the
maximum water height in the channel is <50% of the width of the channel.
Please contact Pulsar Technical Support for assistance.
A= Minimum 250mm above
maximum liquid level.
B = Maximum 3m above
minimum liquid level
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Hazardous Area Installation
Not all MicroFlow models are ATEX certified, check label for approval details.
The ‘X’ in the certifications number indicates that certain special conditions
apply.
This version must be supplied from apparatus that provides protection from
prospective short circuits up to 1500A. The fuse is fitted in the safe area end
of the cable.
Important Information
Below is an example of the wrap around label that is found on an ATEX
approved MicroFlow. If this information does not appear on the label of
your MicroFlow sensor it is not ATEX approved for hazardous area.
Ex mb Version
PSU
V
+
-
PC
HAZARDOUS
AREA
SAFE AREA
Ex mb Version RS485
RS485
FlowCERT, Velocity Interface,
Ultimate, PC or Modbus
100Ma FUSE BREAKING
CAPACITY 1500a PRE-FITTED IN
CABLE
Um=28V
PROSPECTIVE
SHORT CIRCUIT
CURRENT 1500A
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In the instance where there are vertical drops, baffles, curves, or
junctions. The sensor should then be positioned on a straight part of
the channel, at a minimum distance that is at least five times the width
of the channel before a bend, to obtain optimal velocity readings.
Examples of positioning the sensor are shown in diagrams 1 - 4 below
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Diagram
Distance
Diagram
4
Distance
Distance
Distance
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Installing the sensor
• The sensor housing is designed to accept a 1” BSP/NPT female
threaded coupler for pipe or conduit.
• Ensure that the sensor is positioned at a 45° angle to the surface of the
measured application, as this will achieve the best results. An example
of this is shown in the diagram below:
• When using one of the angled mounting brackets, secure the bracket
using the correct size screws/bolts/U-bolts (12mm diameter thread).
• Tighten the sensor into the bend, and then screw the thread adapter onto
the bracket using the nut supplied.
CAUTION: extreme over-tightening may crack or cause damage to
the unit or bracket.
• Position the sensor so the green ‘dot’ that is shown on the label between
the two green arrows is on the top of the device and is central to the
movement of flow in the channel.
• If desired, the sensor cable may be extended up to a maximum of 100m.
Install the sensor cables in grounded metal conduit. Do not run in cable
trays or duct banks with variable frequency drives or other high voltage
sources.
• When connecting multiple MicroFlow sensors for use with the Ultimate
controller. Ensure that all wiring in any junction /connector box is correct.
45°
Surface of measurement
Green dot to be displayed
on top
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• The sensor can be positioned to obtain readings following the direction
of the flow. Or it can be positioned to measure the oncoming flow as
seen below:
Preparation for Operation
Before switching on, ensure that the following is checked:
√ Microflow is mounted correctly and is secure.
√ All wiring is correct to a Pulsar controller.
√ The power supply is correctly installed.
General Maintenance
There are no user serviceable parts inside Microflow. If you experience any
problems with the unit, then please contact Pulsar Process Measurement for
advice.
To clean the equipment, wipe with a damp cloth. Do not use any solvents on
the enclosure.
Microflow obtaining readings
following the direction of the
flow.
Microflow obtaining readings
from the oncoming direction of
the flow.
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Operation and Parameters
Quick Start Guide
• Install and connect your FlowCERT and your ultrasonic transducer as
described in Chapter 2 FlowCERT Installation.
• Install and connect your Velocity sensor to the FlowCERT as
described earlier in this chapter.
• Power up the unit and enter program mode by keying in ‘1997’ and
pressing Enter to begin to set-up an application for Area Velocity.
• Refer to Chapter 6 Quick Set-up Guide on how to select the
FlowCERT for ‘Area Velocity’ calculation or alternatively go directly
to P700 and select 4 = Area Velocity.
• Once you have selected Area Velocity calculation (P700 = 4), set
P130 ‘Device Mode’ to 2 = ‘Velocity’ (‘Speedy’ in Ultra firmware
7.4.3 and below) to enable the velocity parameters.
• To change the maximum flow velocity to suit your application, you
will need to set P683 ‘Maximum flow velocity’ to the desired value
(in m/s).
• All other velocity parameters can be left at their default values or
can be adjusted to suit the application, i.e. ‘P688 Gain’ and ‘P684
Damping’ can be altered to the value range outlined in Chapter 7
Parameter Guide.
• If you wish to view the instantaneous flow velocity measurement on
the auxiliary display of the FlowCERT then, P815 Auxiliary Source
should be set to 1 = Velocity, the auxiliary display will then
alternate between displaying the flow units and the current flow
velocity, please note that the instantaneous flow velocity cannot be
displayed in the auxiliary display when the re-settable totaliser is
selected.
• If no further changes are required, return to run mode and after a
short time, the flow should be displayed (provided there is suitable
minimum head and minimum velocity).
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FlowCERT Parameter list for Speedy
By selecting the appropriate flow device type for area/velocity (P700=4), the
Velocity menu becomes available and provides the following parameters:
PARAMETER (P)
NO.
DESCRIPTION
UNIT
680
Speedy update interval
Seconds
681
Sound velocity in water
Rate
682
Minimum flow velocity
Rate
683
Maximum flow velocity
Rate
684
Damping factor
Seconds
685
Peak width % 686
Minimum signal quality
%
687
Stability
Seconds
688
Gain
DB
689
Speedy level
MU
690
Automatic gain control
None
691
High level triggered
None
695
Correction factor
None
FlowCERT Parameter list for MicroFlow
PARAMETER (P)
NO.
DESCRIPTION
UNIT
680
Speedy update interval
Seconds
682
Minimum flow velocity
Rate
683
Maximum flow velocity
Rate
684
Damping factor
Seconds
687
Stability
Seconds
688
Gain
DB
695
Correction factor
None
For full details on the parameters contained in the above tables, please refer
to Chapter 7 Parameter Guide.
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Communications and recovery
The FlowCERT unit will communicate with the Velocity sensor at regular
intervals as specified by parameter P680 (in seconds).
To enable the sensor to work successfully with the FlowCERT, please ensure
that the FlowCERT’s power is disconnected when connecting a sensor to it.
On power up, the FlowCERT will initialise and write the current depth as
specified by parameters P680 to P689. After the sensor is automatically
changed to measurement enabled mode, the FlowCERT unit will read the
flow velocity and associated run time variables at regular intervals.
To assist on-site debugging and installation, there are three methods to
determine whether communication between a velocity sensor and FlowCERT
has been established:
1. The red led on the communications processor board, of the
FlowCERT, will flash at P680 interval to indicate the sensor is talking
to the communications board.
2. The REMOTE icon on the FlowCERT LCD display is flashing on/off at
regular interval to indicate the main processor board, of the
FlowCERT is talking to the communications processor board.
3. The COMMUNICATOR icon on the FlowCERT LCD display is flashing
on/off at regular interval to indicate the communications processor
board is transferring valid flow velocity information to the FlowCERT
main processor board. The flashing of this icon indicates a successful
installation.
Recovery of Velocity sensor communications is automatically initiated by the
FlowCERT unit. If there is no response from the Velocity sensor, the
FlowCERT will continually send initialisation information until communication
resumes. If the auxiliary (bottom) display shows the “LostComm” message,
then check that the wiring is correct and the baud rate is correct for your
velocity sensor, the MicroFlow will adjust its baud rate to match that of the
controller. Baud rate can be viewed and edited in P133 in the “Device
Comm” – “RS485” sub-menus, the default baud rate for the “Speedy” sensor
is 9600.
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Maintenance
General
The extent of the maintenance interval for a speedy device is dependent on
the following factors:
• Material wear
• Measurement medium and the channel/pipe hydraulics
• General precautions for running these measurement facilities
Flow Velocity
Sluice slime, grease and films of oil will have little or no effect on velocity
measurement. In instances where stronger coatings or a complete
embedding of the sensor into sludge, fibrous substances or sand/silt will
affect the measurement signal such that a measurement error or a
measurement loss could be possible. In such cases, regular maintenance
and cleaning of the “Speedy” sensor will be necessary.
Wear and tear from abrasive medium to the Speedy transmit and receiving
sensors will lead to a weakening of signal, in extreme cases this may lead to
the complete failure of the sensor, and in such instances, the sensor may
have to be replaced.
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CHAPTER 5 HOW TO USE YOUR FLOWCERT
Operating the Controls
Display
The display provides information on the current mode of operation, and
status of the remote communication. Whilst in the Run Mode it will display
the current level reading and its units of measure, along with status
messages with regards to the Transducer, Echo reception and Fail Safe
Mode. Additionally, it can be programmed to provide status messages on
alarms, pumps etc. When in the Program mode the display is used to read
information on the Menu System, Parameter Number and parameter details
and values, which can be entered. During Test Mode, the display is used to
monitor the simulated level. A bar graph is also provided which will provide
a visual reading of the level, in percentage of span.
1. Displays the current mode of operation
2. Main 6-digit display:
Run Mode; current measurement displayed, dependent on mode
and measurement units chosen, and value of hotkey selected.
Program Mode; displays parameter number and values entered for
parameters.
Test Mode; displays simulated level.
1 2 3
4
0%
5
6
Run Mode Program Mode Test Mode 100%
REMOTE COMMUNICATOR OFF
XXXXXXXXXXXX
000.000
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3. Auxiliary Display, scrolling twelve-digit display.
Run Mode; displays measurement units, status messages on signal
and transducer, details of Hot Key function selected. It can be also
programmed to provide notification messages on alarms and
pumps etc. For full details please refer to Display Parameters in the
relevant parameter listing.
Program Mode; displays menu and sub menu headings, parameter
details and options.
4. Communicator status, this displays the status of remote PC
connection and velocity sensor operation.
5. Bar graph display, this gives visual indication of measurement in %
of span.
6. Level indicators:
Run Mode; indicates in which direction the level is moving.
Program Mode; indicates at which level of the menu system you are
at.
There are two main operating modes for your FlowCERT, Run Mode and
Program Mode. There is also a Test Mode, used for checking the set-up.
All modes are now described.
Run Mode
This mode is used once the FlowCERT has been set up in program mode. It
is also the default mode that the unit reverts to when it resumes operation
after a power failure.
When FlowCERT is switched on for the first time, it will display, in metres, the
distance from the transducer face to the target. All relays by default are
switched off.
After programming is complete, any relays that are set will operate when the
level reaches the relevant setpoint, and the LED’s will change colour (unless
specifically switched off).
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Program Mode
This mode is used to set up the FlowCERT or change information already set.
You must use either the built-in keypad (standard) or, alternatively the unit
can be set up with a PC via the RS232 Serial Interface.
Entering a value for each of the parameters that are relevant to your
application provides all the programming information.
How to Access Program Mode
To enter program mode on the FlowCERT, you simply enter the passcode,
via the keypad, followed by the ENTER key. The default passcode is 1997,
so you would press the following:
Important Information
There is a time-out period of 15 minutes when in program mode. After
which time the run mode will resumed if you do not press any key.
ENTER
1
9 9 7
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Hot Keys
There are five hot keys on the keypad, which can be used to quickly access
common parameters for viewing only, while in Run Mode. Pressing the hot
key once will display the first parameter, then repeated pressing will display
the others, then the FlowCERT reverts to Run Mode. In program mode, they
have different functions, the functions are shown below.
HOT KEY
RUN MODE
PROGRAM MODE
When application is Flow, you can view
the non-resettable totalizer. View and
reset the resettable totalizer.
Not used with the FlowCERT
Displays echo confidence, echo
strength, height above loss limit (HALL),
average noise, peak noise and
temperature
Not used with FlowCERT
Not used with FlowCERT
Reset parameter to default
setting
Instantaneous mA output
Not used with FlowCERT
Dependent on application. Displays
distance, level, space, flow or rate of
change of level, velocity (if velocity
sensor attached)
Toggle relay setpoints
between units of measure and
% of span.
Not used with FlowCERT
Takes you to the last
parameter edited when you
first enter program mode.
Shows details of function type, firmware
revision and serial number
Enter decimal point.
∑
mA
n
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Menu Keys
The menu keys have the following functions:
HOT KEY
FUNCTION
1) Arrow keys for moving left and right around the menu
system.
2) Used in test mode to simulate the level moving up and
down.
1) Used to confirm each action (e.g. select a menu option)
Used to navigate up a level in the menu system, and back to run
mode.
Used to cancel a value entered in error
Numeric Keys
These keys are used for entering numerical information during
programming.
CANCEL
ENTER
1
2
3 4 5
6
7
8
9
0
.
+
-
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There are two means of editing parameters, directly or using the menu
system. Each is now described.
Using the Menu System
The menu system has been designed to make the changing of parameters
very simple. There are two levels of menu: Main Menu and Sub Menu.
On the display, there is a line of text that displays the menu system. Pressing
the arrow keys scrolls the display between the top-level menu items, (as the
example shown below, starting at Quick Setup).
As you press the cursor keys to scroll left and right between these, you can
press ENTER at any time, to select the desired menu heading, and take you
to the sub-menu.
Each of these options, along with their sub-menus, are described later in this
manual. When you move down into the sub-menu, you can scroll round
using the arrow keys, press ENTER to go to the required section of
parameters.
Once you have reached the relevant section, scroll through the parameters,
and enter the necessary information. To enter the information, use the
numeric keys and then press ENTER, you will then see the message “Saved!”
If you press CANCEL, then the change you made will not be saved, and the
message “Unchanged!!” will be displayed.
When you have finished, press CANCEL to go back to the previous level.
When you have reached the top level, then the FlowCERT will ask for
confirmation before allowing you to go back into run mode. This is done by
pressing ENTER at the display prompt.
Quick Setup
Application
Relays
Data Logs
OCM
Display
mA Output 1
mA Output 2
Compensation
Stability
Echo Process
System
Device Comm
Test
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Directly Editing Parameters
If you already know the number of the parameter, that you wish to look at or
edit, simply type the number in at any time while you are in the menu
system. Thus, if you are in either the menu or sub-menu level by pressing a
numeric key, you can enter the parameter number directly and jump straight
there. You cannot type a parameter number whilst at parameter level, only at
one of the two menu levels.
When you are at a parameter, the text line rotates automatically displaying
the parameter name, number, the applicable units, and the maximum and
minimum figure you can enter. The top line shows the value you are setting.
Once you have accessed a parameter, you can either just look at it, or
change it.
Once a parameter has been changed, press ‘ENTER’ and you will see the
message “Saved!”. If you press ‘CANCEL’, then the change you made will not
be saved, and the message “Unchanged!!” will be displayed.
You can jump straight to the last parameter you edited, by pressing ‘+/-’
when you first enter program mode.
Important Information
You can tell which part of the menu system you are in, as the up/down level
indicators, (arrows) next to the bar graph will indicate as follows:
• Top level menu: Down arrow on, to indicate you can move down.
• Sub-menu: Up and Down arrows on, to indicate you can move up to the top
level, and down to parameter level.
• Parameter Level: Up arrow on, to indicate you can move up to sub-menu
level.
• Parameter Editing: No arrows on.
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Test Mode
Test mode is used to simulate the application and confirm that all
parameters and relay setpoints have been entered as expected. During
simulation, there is a choice of whether the relays will change state (hard
simulation) or not (soft simulation), but the LED’s will always change colour
as programmed, and the mA output will change in accordance to the chosen
mode of operation. If you wish to test the logic of the system that the relays
are connected to then select hard simulation, but if you don’t wish to
change the relay state, then select a soft simulation.
There are two simulation modes, automatic and manual. Automatic
simulation will move the level up and down between empty level or the predetermined Start Level (P983) and Pump/Control relay switch points, if you
wish to change the direction of the level movement e.g. to go beyond relay
setpoints, this can be done by using the arrow keys. In manual simulation,
using the arrow keys will allow you to move the level up and down as
required.
To enter simulation, first go to program mode. Using the menu system,
select menu item ‘Test’, then sub-menu item ‘Simulation’. Simply change
the value of the parameter P980 to one of the following:
1= Manual soft simulation
2= Automatic soft simulation
3= Manual hard simulation
4= Automatic hard simulation
To return to program mode, press ‘CANCEL’ and test mode will end.
When in manual simulation, by default test mode will move the level by
0.1m steps. Altering the increment (P981) will change this value.
In automatic mode, the rate at which the level moves up and down is set by
the increment (P981 in metres, and the rate (P982) in minutes, which can be
changed to make the level move up and down faster. E.g. if increment (P981)
is set for 0.1m and rate (P982) is set to 1 min then the level will increase or
decrease at a rate of 0.1m/min. To make the simulated level move slower,
decrease the value in increment (P981) or increase the value in rate (P982).
To make the simulated level move faster, increase the value in increment
(P981) or decrease the value in rate (P982).
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Using the Serial Interface
The RS232 serial interface is used to communicate between the FlowCERT
and a PC using the optional Ultra PC and other associated Pulsar software
packages, to obtain information such as data logging and view echo traces
upload, download and save parameter files. In addition, it can also be used
to control or obtain information using a standard PC or other computer base
equipment. To do so, the settings for control are as follows: baud rate
19,200, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit.
The device should be connected as shown in Chapter 2 FlowCERT
Installation.
To use the device remotely, you need to log on to start, and log off when
finished. When logged on, FlowCERT will show ‘Remote ON’ on the display,
and “Communicator OFF” when logged off.
All commands should be followed by a carriage return.
When logged on, the unit will respond either OK (or a value) if the command
is accepted, or NO if it is not.
To log on, send the command
/ACCESS:pppp where pppp is the passcode (P922).
To log off, send the command
/ACCESS:OFF
To read a parameter value, send the command
/Pxxx where xxx is the parameter you wish to read, and the FlowCERT will
respond with the parameter value.
To set a parameter, send the command
/Pxxx:yy where xxx is the parameter number, and yy is the value you wish to
set it to.
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Other commands you can use are:
/LEVEL (shows current level)
/SPACE (shows current space)
/HEAD (shows current OCM head)
/FLOW (shows current OCM flow)
/TEMPERATURE (shows current temperature)
/CURRENTOUT1 (show the mA output 1 value)
/CURRENTOUT2 (show the mA output 2 value)
/CURRENTIN (show the mA input value)
/BACKUP1 (take backup of parameters to area 1)
/BACKUP2 (take backup of parameters to area 2)
/RESTORE1 (restore parameters from area 1)
/RESTORE2 (restore parameters from area 2)
Please consult Pulsar Measurement or contact your local Pulsar
representative for further details and a full list of available commands.
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Parameter Defaults
When you first switch the FlowCERT on, it will be reading the distance from
the face of the transducer to the surface. It will be indicating in inches, as
shown on the display. All relays are set OFF.
The date (P931) and time (P932) in the FlowCERT were set at the factory,
but may need checking, and amending if, for example the application is in a
time zone other than GMT, see relevant parameter listing for full details.
In some applications, it is easier to empty the vessel, take a reading from the
FlowCERT for distance and then setup the empty level to this figure.
Once you are satisfied with the installation, and FlowCERT is reading what
you would expect in terms of distance from the face of the transducer to the
material level, then you can proceed with programming, for the intended
application. It is sensible to program all of the required parameters at the
same time. The system will be then set-up.
Note: The span is automatically calculated from the empty level, so the
empty level should be entered first.
Factory Defaults
When first installing the FlowCERT, or subsequently moving or using the unit on
a new application, before proceeding to program the unit for its intended
application it is recommended that you ensure that all parameters are at their
default values by completing a Factory Default P930, as described in the relevant
unit type parameter guide.
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CHAPTER 6 QUICK SETUP GUIDE
This quick set-up guide shows you how to get up and running within a few
minutes of installing your FlowCERT.
Enter Program Mode
First you need to go from run mode into program mode. Assuming the
passcode is the default 1997, then you should enter the following on the
keypad:
Choose Quick Setup
Now you need to go into the quick setup. You will see on the menu the
words ‘Quick Setup’, which is the first item on the menu system. Try pressing
the two arrow keys to see some more menu options, but return to Quick
Setup, and press
ENTER
1
9 9 7
ENTER
ENTER
This takes you to the ‘Quick Setup Menu’.
This takes you to the common applications
menu, and a number of options will appear
on the display.
Important Notice
If you have already setup a common application, then there will be a number
shown other than 0, and you will see messages showing what the current setup is.
If you want to reset this and start again, press 0 (which will reset all the quick setup
parameters), otherwise pressing ENTER will allow you to edit the parameters that
have been set.
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Choose Your Application
There are six categories of Primary Measuring Device, which are all
described in this chapter. They are Exponential, BS3860 flumes, BS3860
weirs, Area/Velocity, Special and Universal.
Calculations for flow can be performed using absolute or ratiometric
calculations. The answer will be the same, the choice of calculation method
being limited to the amount of information available, with regards to the
primary measuring device.
For ratiometric calculation it is normally sufficient to know the maximum
flow at maximum head for the device in question. All types of primary
measuring devices can be set up with a choice of alarms.
If you want to set-up a basic Exponential device, as described in the
following example 1, then choose 1. You then need to select the PMD for
your application from the following available options: Suppressed
Rectangular Weir, Cipolletti (trapezoidal) weir, Venturi flume, Parshall
flume, Leopold Lagco flume, V notch weir, Contracted Rectangular weir
or other, for any other type of exponential device.
To set-up an application for a BS3680 flume, as described in the following
example 2, then choose 2. You then need to select the PMD for your
application from the following available options: Rectangular flume with or
without hump, U-throated flume with or without hump.
To set-up an application for a BS3680 weir, as described in the following
example 3, then choose 3. You then need to select the PMD device for your
application from the following available options: Rectangular weir, V notch
full 90o (90degrees), V notch half 90o (53 degree 8 minutes), V notch
quarter 90o (28 degree 4 minutes) or a Broad Crested weir.
To set-up an application for Area Velocity, then choose 4. You then need to
select the PMD for your application from the following available options: U-
channel (circular bottom with straight sides), Rectangular channel,
Trapezoidal channel, Round pipe or a Fixed pipe.
To set-up an application for a device contained in Special, choose 5. You
then need to select the PMD for your application from the following
available options: Palmer Bowlus flume, H-flume or a V notch, other than
BS3680.
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For devices which do not match any of the above devices the application can
be setup using a Universal flow calculation, to select this option choose 6.
You then need to select the PMD for your application from the following
available options: Linear flow or Curved flow.
For devices that are using an Area x velocity sensor and the minimum
velocity can get lower than programmed, a universal breakpoint system can
be programmed to take over when the flow/velocity falls seen by the sensor
is low. To select this option choose 7.
Once you have chosen your application you will be asked a series of
questions which are answered by choosing the appropriate option as
detailed in the flow chart below. Once all of the questions have been
answered you will be prompted to provide further information, as detailed in
the tables below, in order to complete the programming of the unit.
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Quick Setup
Area velocity &
Area Velocity Universal
1 = Circ. Straight
2 = Rectangular
3 = Trapezoidal
4 = Round Pipe
5 = Fixed Pipe
Universal
1 = Linear Flow
2 = Non-linear Flow
3 = Linear A*V
4 = Non-Linear A*V
5 = Broad Crested
BS3680 Weirs
1 = Rectangular
2 = V-Notch 90° (Full 90°)
3 = U-Throat
4 = U-Throat with Hump
Exponent
1 = Rectangular
2 = Rect. with Hump
3 = Trapezoid
4 = Parshall
5 = Leopold
6 = V-Notch
7 = Other
8 = Contracted Rect.
Quick Setup
PMD Type
0 = Off (No calculation)
1 = Exponential
2 = BS3680 Flumes
3 = BS3680 Weirs
4 = Area Velocity
5 = Special
6 = Universal
7 = Area Velocity Universal
BS3680 Flumes
1 = Rectangular
2 = Rect. with Hump
3 = U- Throat
4 = U-Throat with Hump
Special
1 = Palmer Bowlus
2 = H–Flume
3 = V-Notch Angle
Calculation
1 = Absolute
2 = Ratiometric
How Many Alarms
0 = No Alarms
1 = 1 Alarm
2 = 2 Alarms
3 = 3 Alarms
4 = Four Alarms
5 = Five Alarms
How Many Alarms
0 = No Alarms
1 = 1 Alarm
2 = 2 Alarms
3 = 3 Alarms
4 = Four Alarms
5 = Five Alarms
How Many Alarms
0 = No Alarms
1 = 1 Alarm
2 = 2 Alarms
3 = 3 Alarms
4 = Four Alarms
5 = Five Alarms
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Wait….
PARAMETER
DEFAULT
DESCRIPTION
P101 Transducer
9 = DUET
Select transducer to be used.
P706
Volume Units
1 = Litres
Units of flow on display and used for calculations.
1=litres 2=Cubic metres
3=Cubic feet 4=UK gallons
5=US gallons 6=Mil. USG
P707
Time Units
1 = Second
Units of time that flow units will be displayed and
calculated in.
1=units/sec 2=units/min
3=units/hour 4=units/day
P104
Measurement
Units
1 = Metres
Units used to enter dimensions and displayed
where appropriate.
1=Metres 2=Centimetres
3=Millimetres 4=Feet
5=Inches
P105
Empty Level
1.50m
Distance from the face of the transducer (lower
transducer on DUET) or end of the horn (dB
Mach3) or lens face of a mmWAVE to the material
at the bottom of the measuring element.
P703
Minimum Head
0.00m
Distance from empty point (P105) to zero flow.
P704
Maximum Head
1.20m
Distance from zero flow to max flow. It should be
noted that any change from P704 updates P106
Span and vice versa
P824
Totaliser Enable
1 = On
Enables the flow totaliser, P820, options are
0=Off, 1=On. Note this totaliser can be viewed
during run via the totaliser “Hot Key” It can be
reset but only via P820, whilst in “program mode”.
P816
Totaliser (R)
0 = No
Enables the totaliser to be displayed in the
auxiliary display whilst in “run mode”. Note this
totaliser is “resettable”, whilst in “run mode”, via
the totaliser hot key.
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PARAMETER
DEFAULT
DESCRIPTION
P823
Totaliser
Multiplier
4 = *1
Sets the factor by which the calculated volume
will be divided or multiplied by before it is
displayed.
1 = /1000
3 = /10
5 = *10
7 = *1000
9 = *100,000
2 = /100
4 = *1
6 = *100
8 = *10,000
10 = *1,000,000
The remaining parameters required to finalise the setup of your application
will follow on immediately from the above. These parameters relate to
details required to carry out the calculation for flow and will be dependent
on the PMD chosen and the method of calculation chosen, please enter
values for the parameters concerned as requested.
PARAMETER
DEFAULT
DESCRIPTION
P705
Max Flow
0.00
If Ratiometric is selected: When requested enter
the known maximum flowrate, in units of volume
(P706) and Time (P707) which occurs at
maximum head (P704). If Absolute is selected:
The maximum flowrate will be shown here as
calculated by the unit.
P710
Dimension A
0
When requested enter, in measurement units,
P104, the required dimension.
P711
Dimension B
0
When requested enter, in measurement units,
P104, the required dimension.
P712
Dimension C
0
When requested enter, in measurement units,
P104, the required dimension.
P717
Exponent
Dependent on
chosen PMD
Where available the FlowCERT will automatically
enter the default exponent value for the PMD
chosen, but this can be changed if required.
When P700=7 (Other), enter the exponent value
as defined by the manufacturer of the PMD.
P718
K Factor
Enter the ‘K’ factor for the PMD, obtained from
the manufacture’s specification
P719
Throat Width
Enter the Throat Width for the Parshall Flume,
obtained from the manufacturer’s ‘specification
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For More Options Hit Enter….
PARAMETER
DEFAULT
DESCRIPTION
P213 / P214
Relay 1 ON/OFF
setpoints
depends on
application
Set required Alarm Setpoints.
P223 / P224
Relay 2 ON/OFF
setpoints
depends on
application
Set required Alarm Setpoints.
P233 / P234
Relay 3 ON/OFF
setpoints
depends on
application
Set required Alarm Setpoints.
P243 / P244
Relay 4 ON/OFF
setpoints
depends on
application
Set required Alarm Setpoints.
P253 / P254
Relay 5 ON/OFF
setpoints
depends on
application
Set required Alarm Setpoints.
P708 Flow
Decimal
2
Set the number of decimal points required in the
flow rate display
P709 Flow Cut
Off
5.00%
Enter as a percentage of maximum flow, the
minimum flow rate to be added to the totaliser.
P830
mA Out Range
2= 4 to 20
mA
What the mA output uses for the range.
0= Off, 1= 0 to 20 mA, 2= 4 to 20 mA, 3= 20 to
0 mA, 4= 20 to 4 mA.
P870
Fill Damping
10m/min
Rate of maximum fill rate (set above the actual
fill rate of the vessel).
P871
Empty Damping
10m/min
Rate of maximum empty rate (set above the
actual empty rate of the vessel).
Default values used for determining the relay setpoints, when setting
Alarm relays, via the Quick Setup menu are entered as a % of span and are
as follows:
PARAMETER
ALARM ID
ON SETPOINT
OFF SETPOINT
Alarm
Hi Hi
90%
85%
Alarm
High
85%
80%
Alarm
Low
10%
15%
Alarm
Lo Lo
5%
10%
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Exponential Devices (P700 = 1)
If the primary measuring device is a simple exponential device, then an
exponent value is required. The FlowCERT will automatically enter the
exponent value for the device chosen as detailed in the table below.
EXPONENT TYPE
PMD SHAPE EXAMPLE
EXPONENT (P717)
Suppressed Rectangular
Weir
(Without end contractions)
1.50, automatically set by the
unit.
Cipolletti (Trapezoidal)
Weir
1.50, automatically set by the
unit.
Venturi Flume
1.50, automatically set by the
unit.
Parshall Flume
Automatically calculated
according to the throat size.
Leopold Lagco Flume
1.55
V-Notch Weir
2.50
Other
As per manufacturer
Value to be set as required.
Contracted Rectangular
Weir
(With end contractions)
1.50
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Point of Measurement
The transducer must be above the maximum head P704 by at least the
near blanking distance P107.
For Suppressed/Contracted Rectangular, Trapezoidal and V-notch, weirs,
the head is measured upstream at a minimum distance of 3 times
maximum head from the weir plate to ensure the surface of the liquid is not
affected by turbulence or drawdown. (See DRWG. 1)
In the case of a Venturi flume the point of measurement should be 150 mm
upstream from the beginning of the converging section and for a Parshall
flume 2/3 the length of the converging section upstream of the throat
section. (See DRWG 2 and 3).
3 x Hmax
minimum
FLOW (q)
DRWG. 1
DRWG. 2
DRWG. 3
FLOW (q)
FLOW (q)
2/3 L
L
VENTURI FLUME
PARSHALL FLUME
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For a Leopold Lagco flume the head is measured at a point upstream of
the beginning of the converging section as detailed in the table below. (See
DRWG 4).
FLUME SIZE
POINT OF MEASUREMENT
mm
inches
mm
inches
100 - 305
4 – 12 25
1.0
380
15 32
1.3
455
18 38
1.5
530
21 44
1.8
610
24 51
2.1
760
30 64
2.5
915
36 76
3.0
1065
42 89
3.5
1220
48 102
4.0
1370
54 114
4.5
1520
60 127
5.0
1675
66 140
5.5
1830
72 152
6.0
When any Other device is chosen please consult the manufacturer of the
device for details of where the point of measurement should be located but
ensure that it is chosen such that the surface of the liquid is not effected by
turbulence or drawdown.
FLOW (q)
THROAT
DIVERGING
CONVERGING
TRANSDUCER MOUNTED
MIN. BLANKING DISTANCE
(P107) ABOVE MAX. HEAD
POINT OF MEASUREMENT
DRWG. 4
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Calculations
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula (s) as follows:
EXPONENT TYPE
FORMULA
EXPONENT
K FACTOR
Suppressed
Rectangular Weir
(Without end
contractions)
Q = KLh*
Where:
Q=Flow
K=K Factor
L=Crest length of weir
h=head
*=exponent
1.50
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement,
flow and time
units chosen.
Cipolletti
(Trapezoidal Weir)
Q = KLh*
Where:
Q=Flow
K=K Factor
L=Crest length of weir
h=head
*=exponent
1.50
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement,
flow and time
units chosen
Venturi Flume
Q=Kh*
Where:
Q=Flow
K=K Factor
h=head
*=exponent
1.50
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Enter value of
K Factor (P718)
as required
Parshall Flume
Q=Kh*
Where:
Q=Flow
K=K Factor
h=head
*=exponent
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
throat size
(P719)
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement,
flow and time
units chosen
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EXPONENT TYPE
FORMULA
EXPONENT
K FACTOR
Leopold Lagco
Flume
Q=KD
0.0953hx
Where:
Q =Flow
K=K factor D=pipe
diameter h=head
*=exponent
1.55
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement,
flow and time
units chosen
V-Notch Weir
Q=Kh
x
Where:
Q =Flow
K=K factor
h=head
*=exponent
2.50
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement
flow and time
units chosen.
Other
Q=Kh*
Enter value as
required
Enter value as
required
Contracted
Rectangular Weir
(With end
contractions)
Q=K(L-0.2*h)h*
1.50
Automatically
selected by the
FlowCERT
Automatically
calculated,
dependent on
measurement
flow and time
units chosen.
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula: q = q
cal
(h/h
cal
)x
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head (705)
h = head
h
cal
= maximum head (P704)
x = exponent (determined as in absolute calculation above)
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Example 1 V-Notch Weir
In this example it is required to calculate the flow through a Simple
Exponential Device, which on this occasion is a V-Notch Weir. The K factor
for the weir is unknown so ratiometric calculation will be used, there is no
requirement for alarms and the flow rate is to be displayed in litres/second.
The totaliser is to record the flow in cubic metres but is not to be displayed
during RUN.
The distance from the face of the lower transducer (DUET) to zero flow
(P105) is 1 metre and max head (P704) is 0.4 metres, maximum
flow(P705) is known to be 96.5 litres/second.
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
h
Minimum
3 x hmax
TYPICAL SIMPLE EXPONENTIAL DEVICE
DRWG. 5
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To program the FlowCERT for Example 1 V-Notch Weir by using the Quick
Setup menu proceed as follows. If required access the Program Mode , key
in the passcode 1997 and press ENTER. Using the ‘right’ arrow key, go to
the Quick Setup menu press ENTER and as prompted, by the questions,
select the relevant option and press ENTER.
QUESTION
OPTION
PMD Type
1 = Exponent
Exponent
6 = V-Notch
Calculation
2 = Ratiometric
No. of alarms
0 = No alarms
Transducer
9 = DUET
Volume units
1 = Litres
Time units
1 = Per second
Measurement units
1 = Metres
Empty Level
1.00m
Minimum head
0.00m
Maximum head
0.40m
Totaliser enabled
1 = On
Totaliser (R)
1 = Yes
Totaliser multiplier
4 = *1
Maximum flow
96.5
Programming is now complete, and the unit can now be returned to the run
mode, press CANCEL until Run Mode? Is displayed on the LCD press
ENTER, and the FlowCERT will return to run mode.
Important Notice
If relay setpoints do not meet the exact requirements of the application, they can
be modified to suit by pressing ENTER when, “For More Options Hit Enter”, is
displayed, and entering new values to relay setpoints as required. Alternatively,
access the setpoints by the main menu system or directly accessing the parameters.
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BS3680 Flumes (P700 = 2)
Point of Measurement
The transducer must be above the maximum head P704 by at least the
near blanking distance P107.
For a Rectangular and U-throated flume, the head is measured at 3 to 4
times the maximum head upstream from the beginning of the converging
section, to ensure the surface of the liquid is not affected by turbulence.
(See DRWG 6)
3-4 x hmax
DRWG. 6
THROAT LENGTH
DIM C (P712)
DIM A (P710)
APPROACH WIDTH
DIM B (P711)
THROAT WIDTH/DIA.
FLOW (q)
BS3680 FLUME
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Calculations
Rectangular Flume
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = (2/3)
1.5gn0.5
CsCvCdbh
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
gn = gravitational acceleration (nominal value = 980.66 cm/s2)
Cs = shape coefficient (value = 1)
Cv = velocity coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P721)
Cd = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P722)
b = throat width P711
h = head
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula: q= q
cal(Cv/Cvcal
)(Cd/C
dcal
)(h/h
cal
)
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head P705
Cv = velocity coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P721)
C
vcal
= velocity coefficient at maximum head
Cd = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P722)
C
dcal
= discharge coefficient at maximum head
h = head
h
cal
= maximum head P704
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U-Throated Flume
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = (2/3)
1.5
g
n
0.5
CuCvCdbh
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
gn = gravitational acceleration (nominal value = 980.66 cm/s2)
h = head
Cu= shape coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P724)
Cv = velocity coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P721)
Cd = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P722)
b = throat width P711
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula:
q= q
cal(Cv/Cvcal
)(Cd/C
dcal
)(Cu/C
ucal
)(h/h
cal
)
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head P705
Cv = velocity coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P721)
Cv
cal
= velocity coefficient at maximum head
Cd = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P722)
Cd
cal
= discharge coefficient at maximum head
Cu = shape coefficient P724
Cu
cal
= shape coefficient at maximum head
h = head h
cal
= maximum head P704
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Example 2 BS3680 U-Throated Flume
In this example, it is required to calculate to BS3680 the flow through a UThroated Flume without any hump. Absolute calculation will be used, and
there is a requirement for an alarm to indicate a low flow condition which
will be set to relay 1. The flow rate is to be displayed in cubic meters/hour
and the totaliser is also to record the flow in cubic metres, the resettable
totaliser is to be displayed during RUN.
The distance from the face of the lower transducer (DUET) to zero flow
(P105) is 35 inches and max head (P704) is 15 inches, maximum
flow(P705) will be calculated by the FlowCERT as 0.1784 Mil USG/day
The dimensions of the flume are as follows:
Approach Channel diameter (Dim “A”) P710 = 28 inches
Throat diameter (Dim “B”) P711 = 20 inches
Throat length (Dim “C”) P712 = 40 inches
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To program the FlowCERT for Example 2 BS3680 U-Throated Flume by
using the Quick Setup menu proceed as follows. If required access the
Program Mode, key in the passcode 1997 and press ENTER. Using the
‘right’ arrow key, go to the Quick Setup menu press ENTER and as
prompted, select the relevant option and press ENTER.
QUESTION
OPTION
PMD Type
2 = 3680 Flume
3680 Flumes
3 = U-Throat
Calculation
1 = Absolute
No. of alarms
1 = 1 Alarm
Type alarm 1
2 = Low
Alarm No.1
1 = Set to relay 1
Transducer
9 = DUET
Volume units
2 = Cubic metres
Time Units
4 = Per hour
Measurement units
1 = Metres
Empty level
1.00m
Minimum head
0.00m
Maximum head
0.40m
Totaliser enabled
1 = On
Totaliser (R)
1 = Yes
Totaliser multiplier
7 = 1000
Approach dia. (Dim A)
0.70m
Throat dia. (Dim B)
0.50m
Throat length (Dim C)
1.00m
Programming is now complete, and the unit can now be returned to the run
mode, press CANCEL until Run Mode? Is displayed on the LCD press
ENTER, and the FlowCERT will return to Run Mode.
Important Notice
If relay setpoints do not meet the exact requirements of the application, they can
be modified to suit by pressing ENTER when, “For More Options Hit Enter”, is
displayed, and entering new values to relay setpoints as required. Alternatively,
access the setpoints by the main menu system or directly accessing the parameters.
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BS3680 Weirs (P700 = 3)
Point of Measurement
The transducer must be above the maximum head P704 by at least the
near blanking distance P107.
For a Rectangular and V-notch weir, the head is measured at a point 4 to 5
times the maximum head upstream from the weir plate, to ensure the
surface of the liquid isn’t affected by turbulence or drawdown. (See DRWG 7)
Calculations
BS3680 Rectangular Weir
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = Ce 2/3(2gn)
0.5
beh
e
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
Ce = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P723)
gn = gravitational acceleration (nominal value = 980.66 cm/s2)
be =effective approach width where b is approach width
(Dim “A”) P710
he = effective head
4-5 x hmax
minimum
DRWG. 7
BS3680 WEIR
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91
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula: q= q
calCe/Cecal(he/hecal
)
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head P705
Ce = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P723)
Ce
cal
= discharge coefficient at maximum head
he = effective head
he
cal
= effective head at maximum head
BS3680 V-Notch Weir
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = Ce8/15tan(theta/2)(2gn)
0.5h2.5
Where:
q = flowrate
Ce = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P723)
theta = V-notch angle
gn = gravitational acceleration (nominal value = 980.66 cm/s2)
h = head
The FlowCERT pre-sets the angle (theta) on selection of the chosen device
this angle is 90° for a BS 3680 full 90°V notch weir, 53° 8 minutes in the
case of the BS3680 half 90°V notch weir and 28° 4 minutes in the case of
the BS3680 quarter 90°V notch.
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula: q = q
calCe
(h)/Ce(h
cal
)(h/h
cal
)
2.5
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head P705
Ce(h) = discharge coefficient for head
Ce(h
cal
) = discharge coefficient for maximum head
h = head
h
cal
= maximum head P704
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92
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
DIM C
(P712)
CREST
HEIGHT
DRWG. 8
BS3680 RECTANGULAR WEIR
Example 3 BS3680 Rectangular Weir
In this example, it is required to calculate to the flow through a BS3680
Rectangular weir. Absolute calculation will be used, and there is a
requirement for an alarm to indicate a high flow condition to be set to relay
3. The flow rate is required to be displayed in litres/minute and the totaliser
is to record the flow in cubic metres, the resettable totaliser is to be
displayed during RUN.
The distance from the face of the lower transducer to zero flow (P105) is 1
metre and max head (P704) is 0.4 metres, maximum flow (P705).
Approach width (Dim “A”) P710 = 18 inches
Crest width (Dim “B”) P711 = 12 inches
Crest Height (Dim “C”) P712 = 10 inches
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To program the FlowCERT for Example 3 BS3680 Weir by using the Quick
Setup menu proceed as follows. If required access the Program Mode, key
in the passcode 1997 and press ENTER. Using the ‘right’ arrow key, go to
the Quick Setup menu press ENTER and as prompted, select the relevant
option and press ENTER.
QUESTION
OPTION
PMD Type
3 = 3680 Weir
3680 Flumes
1 = Rectangular
Calculation
1 = Absolute
No. of alarms
1 = 1 Alarm
Type alarm 1
1 = High
Alarm No.1
3 = Set to relay 3
Transducer
9 = DUET
Volume units
1 = Litres
Time Units
2 = Per minute
Measurement units
1 = Metres
Empty level
1.00m
Minimum head
0.00m
Maximum head
0.10m
Totaliser enabled
1 = On
Totaliser (R)
1 = Yes
Totaliser multiplier
7 = 1000
Approach dia. (Dim A)
0.50m
Crest Width. (Dim B)
0.30m
Crest Height (Dim C)
0.30m
Programming is now complete, and the unit can now be returned to the run
mode, press CANCEL until Run Mode? Is displayed on the LCD press
ENTER, and the FlowCERT will return to Run Mode.
Important Notice
If relay setpoints do not meet the exact requirements of the application, they can
be modified to suit by pressing ENTER when, “For More Options Hit Enter”, is
displayed, and entering new values to relay setpoints as required. Alternatively,
access the setpoints by the main menu system or directly accessing the parameters.
Page 94
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94
BS3680 Rectangular Broad Crested Weir
Point of Measurement
The transducer must be above the maximum head P704 by at least the
near blanking distance P107.
The head is measured at a point 3 to 4 times the maximum head upstream
from the weir crest, to ensure the surface of the liquid is not affected by
turbulence or drawdown.
Calculations
Absolute
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = (2/3)
1.5
Ceb(gh3)
0.5
Where:
q = flowrate
Ce = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P723)
b = approach width P710
g = gravitational acceleration (nominal value = 980.66 cm/s2)
h = head
BROAD CRESTED WEIR
3 to 4 h max
L
h
p
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95
Ratiometric
If the flow calculation is to be ratiometric P702 = 2 the flow will be
calculated using the formula: q= q
calCe/Cecal(he/hecal
)
1.5
Where:
q = flowrate
q
cal
= flowrate at maximum head P705
Ce = discharge coefficient calculated by FlowCERT (P723)
Ce
cal
= discharge coefficient at maximum head
he = effective head
he
cal
= effective head at maximum head
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96
Area Velocity
The calculation of flow using Area Velocity is only possible when the velocity
sensor is available to provide a signal input proportional to the velocity of
flow and should be installed as detailed in Chapter 4 Velocity Sensors.
Point of Measurement
The ultrasonic transducer used to measure the level of flow (head) must be
above the maximum head P704 by at least the near blanking distance
P107.
For all Area/Velocity applications the point at which the head is measured
should be chosen such that the surface of the liquid is not affected by
turbulence. (See DRWG 9, 10, 11 and 12).
U-CHANNEL
DRWG 9
b=Dim A (P710)
BASE DIAMETER
EMPTY DISTANCE
(P105)
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
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97
Calculations
Absolute
Rectangular and U-Channel - If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702
= 1 the flow will be calculated using the formula: q = v x a(h)
Where:
q = flowrate
v = velocity
a(h) = area at head
RECTANGULAR CHANNEL
DRWG 10
b=Dim A (P710)
CHANNEL WIDTH
h
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
EMPTY DISTANCE
(P105)
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98
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = vh (b + mh)
Where:
q = flowrate
v = velocity
h = head
b = base width (Dim “B”) P711
m = side slope calculated from
m = (B -b)/d where B = channel top width (Dim “A”) P710,
b = base width (Dim “B”) P711
d = depth of channel (Dim “C”) P712
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
EMPTY DISTANCE
(P105)
DRWG 11
b=Dim B (P711)
CHANNEL WIDTH BOTTOM
h
TRAPEZOIDAL
Dim A (P710)
CHANNEL WIDTH TOP
Dim C (P712)
CHANNEL
DEPTH
Page 99
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99
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = va(h)
Where:
q = flowrate
v = velocity
a(h) = area at head
If the flow calculation is to be absolute P702 = 1 the flow will be calculated
using the formula: q = va(h)
Where: q = flowrate
v = velocity
a(h) = area at head
DRWG 12
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
EMPTY DISTANCE
(P105)
Dim A (P710)
INSIDE DIAMETER
ROUND PIPE
DRWG 13
Dim A (P710)
INSIDE DIAMETER
Dim B (P711)
FIXED HEAD
FIXED PIPE
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Special Devices (P700 =5)
Point of Measurement
The transducer must be above the maximum head P704 by at least the
near blanking distance P107.
In the case of a Palmer Bowlus flume the point of head measurement
should be half the value of Dim “A” P710 upstream of the device.
For an H-Flume the head measurement is taken at a point downstream
from the flume entrance as detailed in the table below:
FLUME SIZE-DIM A (P710)
POINT OF MEASUREMENT
cm
feet
cm
inches
15.25
0.5
4.7
1.88
23.00
0.75
6.7
2.69
30.05
1.0
9.1
3.63
45.70
1.5
13.5
5.378
61.00
2.0
17.9
7.19
76.20
2.5
22.5
9.00
91.45
3.0
27.2
10.88
137.15
4.5
40.5
16.19
Transducer mounted
Min. blanking distance (P107)
above max. head
Point of Measurement
See table below
FLOW (q)
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