Pulnix TM-1400 Series Operation Manual

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Operation Manual

69-0115
Rev. C

Imaging Products

Notice Page

Notice

The material contained in this manual consists of information that is proprietary to JAI PULNiX, Inc., and may only be used
by the purchasers of the product. JAI PULNiX, Inc. makes no warranty for the use of its product and assumes no responsibility
for any errors which may appear or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. JAI PULNiX, Inc.
reserves the right to make changes without notice.

Microsoft, Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP, and Windows Explorer are either registered trademarks or trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

Warranty

Please contact your factory representative for details about the warranty.

Certifications

CE Compliance

The TM-1400 series of cameras has been certified to conform to the requirements of Council Directive 89/336/EC for electro­magnetic compatibility and to comply with the following European Standards:

Immunity: EN50082-2/1997
Emissions: CISPR22: 1997/EN55011: 1998 Class A

All JAI PULNiX products bearing the CE mark have been declared to be in conformance with the applicable EEC Council
Directives. However, certain factory-installed options or customer-requested modifications may compromise electromagnetic
compatibility and affect CE compliance. Please note that the use of interconnect cables that are not properly grounded and
shielded may affect CE compliance.

i

Contact the JAI PULNiX Applications Engineering Department for further information regarding CE compliance.

FCC

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is
operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Oper­ation of this equipment in a residential area may cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct
the interference at his own expense.

WARNING

Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for

FCC compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

TM-1400 Series Operation Manual

JAI PULNiX, Inc.

1330 Orleans Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Tel:[phone]
Tel:[phone]
Fax:[phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

www.jaipulnix.com

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A3942

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JAI PULNiX, INC.

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TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Camera

Table of Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.3 Functional Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1.4 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.1.2 Components List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.1.3 Accessories and Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.2 Camera Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2.2.1 Heat Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

2.2.2 Connector Pin Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

2.2.3 Shutter Speed Control Dial (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

2.2.4 RS-232 Communication Cable (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

2.2.5 Digital Output Cable (TM-1400 only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

2.2.6 Camera Link Cable (CL Versions Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.2.7 Power Supplies and Power Cable Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.2.8 Attaching the Analog Video Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

2.2.9 Attaching the Camera Lens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Page ii

3 Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1 Camera Rear Panel (TM-1400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.1 Up/Down Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

3.1.2 Digital Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.3 Analog Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.4 Power, RS-232, and External Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.5 Shutter Speed Control Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3.1.6 Mode Selection Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

3.2 Camera Rear Panel (CL Versions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2.1 Digital Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2.2 Analog Output Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.2.3 Power and External Sync Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

3.3 Progressive Scanning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.4 Electronic Shutter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.5 Asynchronous Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.5.1 External VINIT With Pulse Width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

3.5.2 Internal Shutter Speed Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

3.6 Dynamic Range Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.6.1 Programmable Look-Up Table (LUT) and Knee Control . . . . . . . . . . .19

3.7 Scan Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.7.1 Full Progressive Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

3.7.2 Partial Scan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.8 External Sync . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.9 Bayer Color Filter (Color Versions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3.9.1 Color Filter Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

3.9.2 Bayer Color Filter Array (CFA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

3.9.3 Starting Pixel Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

3.9.4 Sync and Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

3.9.5 Camera Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

3.9.6 Interpolation Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

3.9.7 Color Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

3.10 Camera Timing Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page iii
Table of Contents

4 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

3.11 Serial Communication Kit CS-232C

(not required for “CL” version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

4.1 Problems and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

4.1.1 Symptom: No Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.1.2 Symptom: Dark Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.1.3 Symptom: Non-Synchronized Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.2 Information and Support Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

5.1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

5.2 Physical Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

5.3 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page v
List of Figures

FIGURE 1. TM-1400 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

FIGURE 2. TM-1400CL System Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

FIGURE 3. 12-Pin Connector on Rear Panel of Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

FIGURE 4. 31-Pin Digital Connector on Rear Panel of Camera (TM-1400 only) . . . . . . . 7

FIGURE 5. Serial Communication Cable RS-232B-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

FIGURE 6. Pinout Configuration for Digital Output Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

FIGURE 7. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

FIGURE 8. Pulse Width Async Shutter Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

FIGURE 9. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

FIGURE 10. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400CL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

FIGURE 11. Spectral Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

TABLE 1. 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

TABLE 2. 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

TABLE 3. 31-Pin Connector (MP211-031-113-4300) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

TABLE 4. Connector Pinout Configurations (10226-6212 VC). . . . . . . . . . 8

TABLE 5. Shutter Speed Control Dial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

TABLE 6. Mode Selection Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

TABLE 7. Frame Grabber Interpolation Software List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

TABLE 8. TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Page iv

List of Tables

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

May 2, 2005

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan
Shutter Cameras

Operation Manual

1 Introduction

1.1 Product Description

The PULNiX TM-1400 series consists of high-resolution, high-speed progressive scan CCD cameras.*
The progressive interline-type CCD permits full vertical and horizontal resolution of very high speed
shutter images and applications. The electronic shutter, which has speeds to 1/16,000 sec., can be reset
asynchronously by external pulse control. Several frame rates are available: 15, 30, 56, 98 fps. On-chip
micro lenses provide increased sensitivity.

The TM-1400 has a full dynamic range control function, which can be set at externally selectable look­up-table (LUT) knee slopes to convert 10-bit input to 8-bit output, thereby optimizing the CCD’s full
dynamic range in the normal output signal range. The camera has an 8-bit, RS-644 digital signal output
for interfacing with external image-processing systems. All the key functions are externally controlled
via RS-232C. The TM-1400CL model has a Camera Link output and its key functions are externally
controlled via differential serial communication of Camera Link.

Applications for the TM-1400 include machine vision, medical imaging, intelligent transportation
systems, high-definition graphics, on-line inspection, gauging, character reading, archiving, and high­security surveillance.

*. Unless specifically mentioned, all information in this manual is relevant to all cameras in the TM-

1400 series, including the TM-1400, TMC-1400, TM-1400CL, and TMC-1400CL.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 2
Introduction

1.2 Features

• Miniaturized and lightweight

The printed circuit boards in the TM-1400 have been arranged based on a design philosophy that
creates modular electronics for the camera, giving it flexibility. In addition, the use of miniature
solid-state components results in a compact, lightweight camera that is 44mm x 44mm x 64mm in
dimensions, and weighs only 138 grams.

• Imager

The TM-1400 uses a progressive scan interline transfer CCD that has the following features:

- Resolution of 1392 x 1040 active pixels for excellent image quality.

- 4.65 x 4.65 µm square pixels for precise dimensional measurement.

- High-speed electronic shutter capability for high dynamic resolution of moving objects and

electronic iris control that eliminates the need for a mechanical shutter.

- Progressive scan CCD eliminates interlace deterioration of image and increases ease of

computer interface.

- High sensitivity and low noise at fast scanning. The CCD can drive faster than 50 MHz

pixel clock rate and has an excellent S/N ratio that is greater than 50dB.

- The CCD for the TM-1400 has built-in microlenses.

• Electronic shutter

The TM-1400 has a substrate drain-type shutter mechanism which provides superb pictures at
various speeds without smearing. A built-in manual shutter speed control selects the electronic
shutter rate of 1/60 (non-async mode only), 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1,000, 1/2,000, 1/4,000, 1/8,000,
or 1/16,000 second.

With VINIT high (5V), the CCD keeps discharging. With a negative pulse to VINIT, the camera
resets and purges the charge momentarily. Then it starts integrating for the period of shutter control
set by either an external pulse width or internal shutter control. Progressive scanning permits a full
1040 lines of vertical resolution, as compared to a conventional CCD camera which captures only
half the vertical lines per shutter.

• Asynchronous reset

The TM-1400’s asynchronous reset is flexible and accepts external horizontal drive (HD) for phase
locking. When the VINIT pulse is applied, it resets the camera's scanning and purging of the CCD.
There are two modes to control the asynchronous reset and shutter speed:

- External VINIT with pulse width. The duration between pulse edges controls the shutter

speed externally.

- Internal shutter control mode. The speed control varies from 1/125 to 1/16,000 sec. The

video signal starts with internal V reset timing related to shutter speed.

• Output

The TM-1400 has an 8-bit RS-644 (LVDS) digital output for interfacing with external image­processing systems. The TM-1400 camera is also available with RS-422 digital output as an option
(OP-93). The TM-1400CL has a Camera Link output. The analog output is 1.0 Vp-p composite
video (75 ohms).

• Asynchronous image capturing

The TM-1400 captures async reset images and provides single-shot video output with single FDV.
This makes it simpler for an ordinary frame grabber to capture the async reset images.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

• Integration

The TM-1400 is capable of capturing high-resolution integration images. Its CCD imager can be
exposed for longer than the normal scan timing of 1/30 sec. This integration feature provides extra
sensitivity for applications in dark environments. The progressive scan imager permits a full frame
of resolution in non-interlace format. Integration is achieved by controlling pin #11 of the 12-pin
connector to low (GND) or pulse width control VINIT to pin #6 of the 12-pin connector up to 1
second.

• Warranty

Please contact your factory representative for details about the warranty.

Warning: Unscrewing the camera cover or opening the camera in any

1.3 Functional Options

• Differential input, VINIT (OP89-3).

• Differential input, VD (OP89-4).

• RS-422 (digital) output for the TM-1400 (OP93).

• 10 bit output (OP93-1).

Page 3

Introduction

way will void the warranty unless prior written approval is
obtained from the factory.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 4
Introduction

1.4 System Configuration

FIGURE 1. TM-1400 System Configuration

Figure 1 below presents a typical system configuration for the TM-1400 camera.

UP

1

0

0

1

2

F

9

3

E

2

4

D

8

3

5

C

7

6

B

4

7

5

6

A

8

9

DIGITAL

8

7

POWER

analog frame
grabber

DOWN

VIDEO

BNC cable

Computer with
frame-grabber
board

Digital cable

RS-232B-12
cable in
CS-232E kit

12-pin
connectors

SHUTTER MODE

1

9

2

10

3

11

12

456

PD-12 (series)
power supply

OR

Power and

12P-02S

Ext. Sync

FIGURE 2. TM-1400CL System Configuration

Figure 2 below presents a typical system configuration for the TM-1400CL camera.

CAMERA LINK

1

9

2

8

10

3

7

11

Power and
Ext. Sync

PD-12P (series)
power supply

12P-02S

or

12

456

POWER VIDEO

Analog
frame grabber

26CL-02-26

Computer with
Camera Link™
frame grabber

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

2 Installation

The following instructions are provided to help you to set up your camera quickly and easily. We
suggest that you read through these instructions before you unpack and set up your camera system.

2.1 Getting Started

2.1.1 Unpacking Instructions

We recommend that you save the original packing cartons for the cameras and accessories in case you
need to return or exchange an item.

We also recommend that you bench-test any equipment being sent to another location for field
installation to assure that everything is fully operational as a system.

2.1.2 Components List

Please begin by checking your order against the Components List shown below to assure that you have
received everything as ordered, and that nothing has been overlooked in the packing materials. If any
item is missing, please contact your JAI PULNiX representative immediately.

Page 5

Installation

• TM-1400 camera

• Document download card (includes instructions on how to download the necessary documentation

and software)

2.1.3 Accessories and Options

Following is a list of additional accessories and options that may be required for your application.
Please check with your JAI PULNiX representative before you install your camera to determine what
you might need.

• Digital output cable (not required for “CL” version)

- 30DG-02 (for standard model only)

- 26CL-02-26 (for Camera Link model only)

• Serial Communication Kit CS-232E (not required for “CL” version)

Note: For CL models, the control software is included and serial communication is through the

Camera Link cable. No additional accessories are required.

• PD-12UUP series power supply

• 12P-02S power cable

2.2 Camera Setup

2.2.1 Heat Dissipation

The TM-1400 camera is a compact 1.3K x 1K camera. Since all the electronics have been packed in a
compact package, the outer case of the camera gets hot due to heat dissipation. JAI PULNiX

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 6
Installation

recommends using a cooling fan to set up a positive air flow around the camera, and following the
precautions below:

• Mount the camera on a large heat sink (camera bracket) made out of a conductive material such as

aluminum.

• Make sure the flow of heat from the camera case to the bracket is not blocked by a non-conducting

material like plastic.

• Make sure the camera has enough open space around it to facilitate the free flow of air.

2.2.2 Connector Pin Configurations

2.2.2 (a) 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)

FIGURE 3. 12-Pin Connector on Rear Panel of Camera

The TM-1400 has a 12-pin Hirose connector for power input, serial
communication, and signal integration. Pin #1 is Ground and Pin #2 is
+12V DC. Other pins handle a number of input and output functions,
as shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1. 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)

Pin Description Pin Description

1 GND (power) 7 VD In

2 +12V DC 8 Reserved

3 GND (analog) 9 HD In

4 Video Out 10 RXD (RS-232)

5 GND (digital) 11 Integration Control/ROI

6 VINIT In 12 TXD (RS-232)

2.2.2 (b) 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL)

The TM-1400CL has a 12-pin Hirose connector for power input and signal integration. Pin #1 is Ground
and pin #2 is +12V DC. The pinout table is shown below. For the TM-1400CL, serial communication
camera control is done via the MDR26 Camera Link connector on the rear panel of the camera.

TABLE 2. 12-Pin Connector (TM-1400CL)

1

9

2

10

3

11

4

8

12

5

7

6

Pin Description Pin Description

1 GND (power) 7 VD in

2 +12V DC 8 Reserved

3 GND (analog) 9 HD in

4 Video out 10 N/C

5 GND (digital) 11 Integration Control/ROI

6 VINIT in 12 N/C

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

2.2.2 (c) Digital Output Connector (TM-1400 only)

The TM-1400 has a 31-pin AirBorn connector (MP211-031-113-4300) on the rear panel to output 8-bit,
RS-644 video data. The connector pin-out is shown in the figure below.

FIGURE 4. 31-Pin Digital Connector on Rear Panel of Camera (TM-1400 only)

Page 7

Installation

16

31

Note: CLK: data clock, LDV: Line Data Valid, FDV: Frame Data Valid, INTEG: Integration

control, EXT CLK: external pixel clock, []: Differential input option.

TABLE 3. 31-Pin Connector (MP211-031-113-4300)

Pin # Description I/O Pin # Description I/O

1 CLK+ Out 17 CLK- Out

2 LDV+ Out 18 LDV- Out

3 FDV+ Out 19 FDV- Out

4 GND 20 VINIT (TTL)

5 EXT HD (TTL)

[EXT CLK+]

6INTEG (TTL)

[HD+]

7N/C

[VINIT+/(VD+)] In

8 D0+ Out 24 D0- Out

9 D1+ Out 25 D1- Out

10 D2+ Out 26 D2- Out

11 D3+ Out 27 D3- Out

12 D4+ Out 28 D4- Out

13 D5+ Out 29 D5- Out

14 D6+ Out 30 D6- Out

15 D7+ Out 31 D7- Out

16 GND

1

17

[Integ (TTL)]

In 21 EXT VD (TTL)

[EXT CLK-]

In
In

22 N/C

[HD-] In

23 GND

[VINIT-/(VD-)] In

In
In

In

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 8
Installation

2.2.2 (d) Camera Link Connector

The TM-1400CL has a 26-pin MDR26 connector (3M part number 10226-6212VC) on the rear panel to
output Camera Link data. The connector pin-out is shown in Table 4 below.

13

TABLE 4. Connector Pinout Configurations (10226-6212 VC)

1

1426

Camera Link Connector MDR 26-pin Connector 10226-6212VC

Pin # Description I/O Pin # Description I/O

1 GND 14 GND (Shield)

2 Tx OUT 0- Out 15 Tx OUT 0+ Out

3 Tx OUT 1- Out 16 Tx OUT 1+ Out

4 Tx OUT 2- Out 17 Tx OUT 2+ Out

5 Tx CLK OUT- Out 18 Tx CLK OUT+ Out

6 Tx OUT 3- Out 19 Tx OUT 3+ Out

7 SerTC+ In 20 SerTC- In

8 SerTFG- Out 21 SerTFG+ Out

9 VINIT- (CC1-) In 22 VINIT+ (CC1+) In

10 INTEG+ (CC2+) In 23 INTEG- (CC2-) In

11 EX_HD- In 24 EX_HD+ In

12 EX_HD+ In 25 EX_HD- In

13 GND 26 GND

Note: SerTC: Differential Serial Communication to camera;

SerToFG: Differential Serial Communication to frame grabber.

2.2.2 (e) Analog Output Connector

The TM-1400 has a BNC connector on the rear panel
to output analog video.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

2.2.3 Shutter Speed Control Dial (TM-1400 only)

Page 9

Installation

Shutter speed can be selected by switching the shutter dial to the
appropriate setting (0 through 9). The factory default settings correspond
to the shutter speeds as shown in below.

TABLE 5. Shutter Speed Control Dial

0 no shutter (1/30) no shutter (1/30)

1 1/60 1/16,000

2 1/125 1/8,000

3 1/250 1/4,000

4 1/500 1/2,000

5 1/1,000 1/1,000

6 1/2,000 1/500

7 1/4,000 1/250

8 1/8,000 1/125

9 1/16,000 Ext. pulse width control

2.2.4 RS-232 Communication Cable (TM-1400 only)

Shutter Exposure Time (Seconds)

Normal Async

0

9

8

7

1

2

3

6

4

5

FIGURE 5. Serial Communication Cable RS-232B-12

2000±20mm

40±3mm

Receptacle

75mm±5mm

The RS-232 controller set CS-232E includes cable RS-232B-12 interface cable, software disk, and a
quick-start card. The TM-1400 camera’s built-in look-up table (LUT) can be controlled by an external
RS-232 interface. The camera settings can be programmed or changed using the communication cable
and software. Commands from the RS-232 interface will override the rear panel switch settings of the
camera. Please refer to the AccuPiXEL Series Camera-Control Software manual for details on the
graphical user interface.

190±5mm

1925±10mm

Jack

1

6

59

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 10
Installation

FIGURE 6. Pinout Configuration for Digital Output Cable

Female

17

31

2.2.5 Digital Output Cable (TM-1400 only)

1

16

25.0mm

1.00 in

78.74 in (2 meters)

The TM-1400 camera uses the cable 30DG-02 from JAI PULNiX as a digital output cable. This cable
has a 31-pin AirBorn connector on the camera end and a 37-pin D-sub male connector on the other end.
Contact your JAI PULNiX representative regarding availability of interface cables for specific frame
grabber models. Pinout configuration for the digital cable is shown below.

20

37

Male

1

19

FROM 31 PIN CONN

PIN 1 CLK+
PIN 2 LDV+
PIN 3 FDV+
PIN 4 GND
PIN 5 HD
PIN 6 INTEG
PIN 7 N/C
PIN 8 DØ+
PIN 9 D1+
PIN 10 D2+
PIN 11 D3+
PIN 12 D4+
PIN 13 D5+
PIN 14 D6+
PIN 15 D7+
PIN 16 NC
PIN 17 CLK­PIN 18 CDV­PIN 19 FDV­PIN 20 VINIT

TO 37 PIN CONN

PIN 1 CLK+
PIN 2 LDV+
PIN 3 FDV+
PIN 16 GND

PIN 37 INTEG

PIN 8 DØ+
PIN 9 D1+
PIN 10 D2+
PIN 11 D3+
PIN 12 D4+
PIN 13 D5+
PIN 14 D6+
PIN 15 D7+
NC
PIN 20 CLK­PIN 21 LDV­PIN 22 FDV­PIN 17 VINIT

WIRE COLOR

ORG 1RED
GRY 1RED
WHT 1RED
YLW 1RED
PNK 1RED
ORG 2RED
GRY 2RED
WHT 2RED
YLW 2RED
PNK 2RED
ORG 3RED
GRY 3RED
WHT 3RED
YEL 3RED
PNK 3RED

ORG 1BLU
GRY 1BLU
WHT 1BLU
YEL 1BLU

FROM 31 PIN CONN) TO 37 PIN CONN

PIN 21 VD
PIN 22 N/C
PIN 23 GND

PIN 24 DØ­PIN 25 D1­PIN 26 D2­PIN 27 D3­PIN 28 D4­PIN 29 D5­PIN 30 D6­PIN 31 D7-

PIN 18 NC
PIN 23 GND

PIN 27 DØ­PIN 28 D1­PIN 29 D2­PIN 30 D3­PIN 31 D4­PIN 32 D5­PIN 33 D6­PIN 34 D7-

PIN 35 GND

N/C
PINS 4, 5, 6, 7
19, 24, 25,26,
AND 36

WIRE COLOR

PNK 1BLU
ORG 2BLU
GRY 2BLU

WHT 2BLU
YLW 2BLU
PNK 2BLU
ORG 3BLU
GRY 3BLU
WHT 3BLU
YLW 3BLU
PNK 3BLU

SHIELD

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 11

Installation

2.2.6 Camera Link Cable (CL Versions Only)

The MDR26 cable assembly (26CL-02-26) from 3M (part number 10226-6212VC) has been
standardized as the Camera Link cable. This cable has the 26-pin MDR26 connector on both ends. This
is a straight-through cable. The pin-out configuration is shown in Table 4 on page 8.

26 Position

High Density

Mini D Ribbon

(MDR) Male Plug

14

1

15 16

23

17

4

18 19

56

7

20 21

89

22

10

23

11

24

12 13

25 26

Cable

2X

Thumbscrews

2X
Thumbscrews

26 Position

High Density

Mini D Ribbon

(MDR) Male Plug

25 26

12 13

24

11

23

10

22

89

20 21

7

56

18 19

4

17

23

15 16

1

14

Note: For TM-1400CL, serial communication for camera control is done via the Camera Link

connector on the rear panel of the camera.

Cable assemblies and boardmount receptacles can be ordered from 3M.

2.2.7 Power Supplies and Power Cable Setup

2.2.7 (a) Power Supplies

The TM-1400 requires 12V DC power that is obtained through the 12-pin connector located on the rear
panel of the camera. JAI PULNiX recommends the following power supplies:

PD-12UU 100-240V AC/12V DC 1.2A universal voltage power supply with

US plug

PD-12UUP 100-240V AC 1.2A universal voltage power supply with US plug

and 12-pin connector

PD-12UE 100-240V AC/12V DC 1.2A universal power supply with European plug

PD-12UEP 100-240V AC/12V DC 1.2A universal power supply with European plug and

12-pin connector

If you are providing power through the 12-pin connector, the PD-12UUP and PD-12UEP power
supplies are available with the 12-pin mating connector already attached to the leads from the power
supply. The PD-12UU or PD-12UE power supply can be connected to the JAI PULNiX power cable
either directly or via a terminal strip.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 12
Installation

FIGURE 7. 12P-02S Interface Cable (optional)

When wiring the PD-12UU power supply directly, please note the following:

• The lead ends must be twisted together and tin-soldered for strength and electrical continuity.

• Shrink tubing or a similar insulator should be used to prevent exposed leads from touching and

shorting.

• The +12V lead is marked with a red stripe or white lettering; be sure not to reverse the leads.

• All connections must be properly insulated to prevent shorting.

2.2.7 (b) JAI PULNiX Power Cables

If you are using JAI PULNiX power cables such as the 12P-02S, please refer to the 12-pin connector
pin-out diagram in “12-Pin Connector (TM-1400)” on page 6. The cable pin-out diagram is shown in
Figure 7 below. The color-coded leads use Gray for Ground and Yellow for +12V.

+12 V

GND (Gray)

Jack

Power (Yellow)
Video Out (Red Coax)
HD In (White Coax)
VD In (Black Coax)

}

Analog

Frame Grabber

12P-02S Interface Cable

Pin# Lead Color Function Pin# Lead Color Function

1 Gray GND 7 Black coax VD Input

2 Yellow +12V DC 8 White coax shield Reserved

3 Red coax shield GND 9 White coax HD Input

4 Red coax Video 10 Brown RXD

5 Orange coax shield GND 11 Blue Integration

6 Orange coax VINIT IN 12 Black coax shield TXD

Note: Make sure that the unused leads are not touching and that there is no possibility that

exposed wires could cause the leads to short.

2.2.7 (c) Building Your Own Power Cable

Refer to the 12-pin connector pin-out in Section 2.2.2 (a on page 6. Connect the Ground lead to pin #1,
and the +12V DC lead to pin #2 of the 12-pin connector. Power must be DC-regulated, and of sufficient
current to properly power the camera.

2.2.7 (d) Attaching the Power Cable to the Connector

The 12-pin connector is keyed and will only fit in one orientation. Follow these directions to properly
attach the power cable to the camera connector:

1. Rotate the connector while applying slight pressure until the keyways line up.

2. Press the connector into place until firmly seated.

3. Plug the power cord into the AC socket. This will power the camera up.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 13

Installation

2.2.8 Attaching the Analog Video Output

When connecting the TM-1400 to an analog frame grabber or a multisync monitor, use the BNC
connector on the rear panel of the camera. The input of the monitor should be balanced for 75 ohms
termination. Standard RG-59 type coaxial cable should carry a full video signal for up to 100 feet.

The multi-conductor cable 12P-02S from JAI PULNiX can be used to transmit analog video, power,
sync. signals, and serial communication. The mini coaxial leads in JAI PULNiX multi-conductor cables
are designed for short runs of no longer than 100 feet.

Note: Make sure that no extraneous wires are visible which could cause a short.

2.2.9 Attaching the Camera Lens

The TM-1400 camera accepts 1/2" or larger format size C-mount lenses. To attach the C-mount lens to
the camera, carefully engage the threads and rotate the lens clockwise until it firmly seats on the
mounting ring. Do not force the lens if it does not seat properly. Please note that some lenses with
extremely long flangebacks may exceed the mounting depth of the camera.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 14
Operation

3 Operation

3.1 Camera Rear Panel (TM-1400)

Mode Selection switch

Shutter Speed
Control switch

Power, RS-232, and
External Sync Connector

3.1.1 Up/Down Switch

The Mode Selection switch works in conjunction with the Up/Down switch. Refer to Table 6 on page 15
for information on the Up/Down switch.

3.1.2 Digital Output Connector

Refer to Section 2.2.2 (c on page 7 for information on the digital output connector.

9

8

7

5

6

3

E

2

4

D

3

5

C

6

B

4

7

A

8

9

1

0

0

1

2

F

SHUTTER MODE

DIGITAL

1

9

2

8

10

3

7

11

12

4

6

5

POWER

Up/Down switch

UP

DOWN

Digital Output connector

Analog Output connector

VIDEO

3.1.3 Analog Output Connector

The TM-1400 camera has a BNC connector on the rear panel to output analog video data.

3.1.4 Power, RS-232, and External Sync Connector

Refer to Section 2.2.2 on page 6 for information on the power, RS-232, and external sync connector.

3.1.5 Shutter Speed Control Switch

Please refer to Section 2.2.3 on page 9 for information on the Shutter Speed Control switch. The factory
default setting to the shutter speeds is “no shutter.”

3.1.6 Mode Selection Switch

Various modes can be implemented with the rear panel Mode Selection switch. The Mode Selection
switch works in conjunction with the Up/Down switch and RS-232 external control. Commands from

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

the RS-232 interface will override the rear panel switch settings of the camera. The table below shows
details on various modes.

TABLE 6. Mode Selection Switch

Mode

Selection

Switch

Position Mode Information Up/Down Switch Functions

0 Switch Disabled Switch Disabled None

1 Set Gain Up / Down Change gain

2 Set Vtop (A/D) Up / Down Change A/D ref. top

3 Set Vbottom(A/D) Up / Down Change A/D ref. bottom

4 Gain Selection #1 Up: 9dB, Down: 12dB Lower gain selection

5 Gain Selection #2 Up: 18dB, Down: 22dB Higher gain selection

6 Linear LUT Up Back to linear table

7 Knee Selection Up / Down (Scroll) Scroll 8 different LUTs

8 Async Reset Mode Up: Normal, Down: Async Async and normal shutter

9 Factory Default Recall Up / Down: Recall Factory setting

A Power Up Setting Up: Recall, Down: Save Power up page setting

B User Page Storage #1 Up: Recall, Down: Save User page storage setting

C User Page Storage #2 Up: Recall, Down: Save User page storage setting

D Direct Shutter Control Up: Increment

E Scan Format2 Up: PS500L

F Scan Format1 Up: 30fps, Down: 15fps 30 fps, 15 fps

Down: Decrement

Down: PS250L

Page 15

Operation

Change Direct shutter
speed in 1H increments

Partial Scan 500L
Partial scan 250L

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 16
Operation

3.2 Camera Rear Panel (CL Versions)

CAMERA LINK

1

9

2

8

10

3

7

11

12

456

POWER VIDEO

3.2.1 Digital Output Connector

Refer to Section 2.2.2 (d on page 8 for Camera Link information.

3.2.2 Analog Output Connector

The TM-1400CL camera has a BNC connector on the rear panel to output analog video data.

3.2.3 Power and External Sync Connector

Refer to Table 2 on page 6 for information on the power and external sync. connectors.

3.3 Progressive Scanning

Standard TV-system scanning is 525 lines interlace scanning as specified in the RS-170 protocol. Every
other horizontal line (odd lines and even lines) is scanned at a 60Hz rate per field, and the scanning is
completed with two fields (one frame) at 30Hz rate. Because of the interlace scanning, the vertical
resolution of CCD cameras is limited at 350 TV lines, regardless of the horizontal resolution. When
electronic shutter is applied, the CCD can hold only one field of charge at each exposure. Therefore, the
vertical resolution of the electronic-shutter camera is only 244 TV lines. The situation is the same for an
HDTV-format camera, since it has interlaced scanning and the vertical resolution of the shuttered image
is 500 lines.

The TM-1400 uses a state-of-the-art progressive scanning interline transfer CCD which scans all lines
sequentially from top to bottom at one frame rate (30Hz). Like a non-interlace computer screen, it
generates a stable, crisp image without alternating lines and provides full vertical TV resolution of 1040
lines (a normal TV monitor display may not be able to show images due to monitor scanning).

The interline transfer architecture is also important to generate simultaneous shuttering. This is different
from full frame transfer architecture which requires a mechanical shutter or strobe light in order to
freeze the object motion.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

The TM-1400 outputs the progressive scan image with an electronic shutter in two different formats:

• Progressive scanning digital and analog output

The CCD signal goes through A/D and D/A converters and through 10-bit in, 8-bit out look-up
table (LUT). The digital output is available from 31-pin connector with RS-644 format (50MHz
clock rate).

The analog output is the same as 75 ohms, 1Vp-p format at 30Hz rate available from BNC and 12­pin connector.

• Partial scan output (display output)

- Partial scan: 500 lines at 56 frames per second.

- Partial scan: 250 lines at 98 frames per second.

Note: Minimal blooming may occur under partial scanning mode due to the nature of the CCD.

3.4 Electronic Shutter

For more information about the electronic shutter, please see Section 1.2 on page 2.

Page 17

Operation

3.5 Asynchronous Reset

VINIT

VD

TG (TRANSFER GATE)

DISCHARGE PULSE

VIDEO

Stand-by Image Stand-by Image

For more information about Asynchronous Reset, please see Section 1.2 on page 2.

3.5.1 External VINIT With Pulse Width

The TM-1400 can be reset with external reset pulse (VINIT). Set the dial switch to “9”. Apply a pulse­width control VINIT signal generated from an external event trigger to the camera. The internal reset
pulse will be latched to HD and at the first HD timing from the external pulse leading edge (negative
going edge). The CCD discharge pulse will be generated to clear the images. The internal VD will be
generated at the following edge (positive going edge) of the external pulse, resetting the internal timing
including the video sync. The shutter speed is the same as the external pulse width, but the integration
delays 1H from the leading edge. For the immediate reset option, please contact JAI PULNiX.

ASYNC RESET

PROGRESSIVE OUTPUT

Shutter Video

For the progressive format, one frame of video output will start from the rising edge of the pulse width
control. In async mode with external pulse input high, the video output will be disabled as the camera
continues discharging the CCD image, providing black video only.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 18
Operation

FIGURE 8. Pulse Width Async Shutter Timing

No-Delay Shutter

EXT. VINIT (Pulse width control)

HD

INT. VD after trailing edge of EXT. VINIT

Discharge

Transfer Gate

FDV

Analog Video Sync

Exposure time set by pulse width

13H

Vsync

3.5.2 Internal Shutter Speed Control

The video signal starts with internal VD. The camera operates the reset and shutter in the same way as
the external pulse width control mode. When the external VINIT pulse is applied, internal VD is latched
to H

D and the internal VD is delayed to set up the shutter speed period. The shutter speed is controlled

by the dial switch from “1” to “8.” Video output timing starts right after the internal VD and single
shots, FDV is output at the internal VD timing.

EXT. VINIT

HD

INT. VD with shutter speed control

Discharge

Transfer Gate

FDV

Analog Video Sync

Exposure time set by shutter speed

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

13H

3.6 Dynamic Range Control

mV

Max. Digital dynamic range at 3 dB amp

600

Blooming adj. = 13. 5 V
Lens: F=5.6

Vsub = 8 V

Vsub = 10 V

Page 19

Operation

400

CCD OUTPUT VOLTAGE

200

0

0

20

Digital saturation at 16 dB amp

Analog saturation at 20 dB amp

40

80

LUMINANCE

10060120

Vsub = 12 V

Vsub = 14 V

Vsub = 16 V

Vsub = 18 V

140

160
FL

The typical interline transfer CCD has fixed noise levels based on dark current (thermal or KT noise),
pattern noise, and the operating clock speed. In general, the level of the 50 MHz pixel clock CCD at
room temperature is around 20 to 50 electrons. The maximum capacity of CCD charges is limited by
the well capacity at saturation. The range is limited by the structure and the pixel size.

The TM-1400 uses a 1/2" CCD with 4.65 µm x 4.65 µm pixel and two-phase vertical shift register
structure. The well capacity is 16,000 electrons. The theoretical dynamic range is 16,000:30 = 533:1
(54.5 dB).

A typical CCD camera does not use the full dynamic range due to the nominal gain and the output
specification such as RS-170. The typical CCD camera’s gain is set at 16 to 22 dB and the RS-170
video level is 714 mV. Using 20 dB gain for the calculation, CCD output is limited to 714/10 = 71.4
mV. Since the CCD’s saturation voltage is 400 mV to 500 mV, it uses less than 1/5 of the full dynamic
range.

Machine vision and outdoor applications, cannot afford to miss image information behind the
saturation, which is why the dynamic range adaptation is critical.

3.6.1 Programmable Look-Up Table (LUT) and Knee Control

The TM-1400 has a built-in LUT (look-up table) for dynamic range control.

At a specific gain setting, the offset (minimum level.... dark point) and A/D reference top voltage

(maximum level... saturation point) are set to 10-bit A/D input so that the full dynamic range of the
CCD is utilized at 10-bit references as the input and the LUT output is converted into 8-bit to adjust the
gamma correction.

The 10-bit input is segmented into two or more regions by the knee-point settings as variable gamma
selection.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 20
Operation

LUT selections: (a standard LUT is 10 sets of knee-control LUT)

• Var i ab l e Ga mm a

• Variable knee curve

• Direct input LUT

3.7 Scan Modes

The TM-1400 supports the following scan modes:

line 1
line 2

n+1

3.7.1 Full Progressive Scan

n

Progressive scan

The normal scan mode progressively scans a full frame of 1392 x 1040 pixels at 15/30 frames per
second using the standard 25MHz/50MHz pixel clock and a single channel output. In contrast to
interlace-scan cameras, all the 1040 lines in the frame are exposed simultaneously per image capture.

3.7.2 Partial Scan

Partial scan is a standard feature in the TM-1400. The TM-1400 has two types of partial scan modes:
500 and 250 lines. Both modes can be selected through software control. The video image in partial
scan mode is the center 500 or 250 lines of video. The maximum frame rate at 500 lines is 56 fps. The
maximum frame rate at 250 lines is 98 fps.

3.8 External Sync

The TM-1400 accepts an external sync of standard HD and VD at TTL level for general locking to a
system sync and clock. The external sync is only available for 15-frame mode and the frequency
requirement is as follows:

fHD = 31.1 KHz ±2%
fVD = 29.53 Hz ± 2%
(Internal Master clock = 100.00 MHz,
Pixel clock = 50.00 MHz)

3.9 Bayer Color Filter (Color Versions)

JAI PULNiX AccuPiXEL series color cameras are high-resolution, high-speed progressive scan CCD
cameras. The interline transfer, progressive scan CCD permits full vertical and horizontal resolution of
images acquired at very high shutter speeds. The electronic shutter, which has speeds to
1/16,000 sec., can be reset asynchronously by external pulse control. Uniform square pixels provide
superior image definition in any orientation. On-chip micro lenses mean increased sensitivity.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 21

Operation

3.9.1 Color Filter Array

JAI PULNiX AccuPiXEL cameras use Bayer CFA (color filter array) as their standard primary color
filter. This filter provides the most popular color interpolation supported by numerous software
suppliers.

The digital format, either Camera Link or RS-644, allows the camera to output accurate pixel data,
including the color information. When the data is stored in the frame buffer of a frame grabber or
computer, the color information is easily manipulated to restore the original color images. Because the
color filter array contains only a single R, G or B color in each pixel, the restored image has to fill in
colors in the missing pixel locations. The software uses neighboring pixel information to “guess” the
missing colors to make smooth, clear images. This is called “color interpolation.” Today's high-speed
computers allow such color interpolation to be done almost in real time. Because these cameras do not
contain internal color-processing circuitry, they are smaller and less expensive than full-function color
cameras.

3.9.2 Bayer Color Filter Array (CFA)

The Bayer CFA is an R, G, B primary color filter array. This is the most widely accepted CFA for the
single-chip CCD progressive scan format. This type of array layout has a specific order for each color’s
pixels. Since the human eye’s resolution and color recognition are highest at green, the CFA contains
two greens per each red and blue.

It is critical for the frame grabber and color interpolation to know where the individual color pixels exist
relative to sync (LDV and FDV) timing.

This requirement makes digital output the preferred choice, because the timing relationships are very
accurate.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 22
Operation

3.9.3 Starting Pixel Configuration

All manufacturers produce identical Bayer CFAs, but there are slight differences between the CCDs
produced by different manufacturers. The first line is generally R and G. The Sony CCD starts with R.
The camera timing can be adjusted to start with either G or R by skipping the very first pixels at each
lines. The majority of color interpolation software can select between a variety of pixel relations, such
as R/G start or G/R start, as well as G/B start and B/G start. Once the correct scanning is configured, the
rest of the interpolation will be exactly the same. Please contact JAI PULNiX for further information
regarding CCD manufacturers.

GGG GGG

CCD Output

BBB BB B

GGG GGG

RRR RRR

GGG GGG

BBB BB B

GGG GGG

RRR RRR

GGG GGG

BBB BB B

GGG GGG

RRR RRR

GGG GGG

BBB BB B

Pixel 1

GGG GGG

RRR RRR

Horizontal Shift Registers

SONY CCD

Last pixel

Last pixel of 1st Line

3.9.4 Sync and Data

The individual color data is exactly the same as the pixel data. This means that the timing relationships
of the color cameras are also the same as of the B/W cameras.

For a detailed timing chart, please refer to each B/W camera’s data sheet and manual.

If the frame grabber has a standard B/W configuration file, then AccuPiXEL color cameras can use that
configuration file to operate. The configuration file may vary, depending on whether the output is
standard (RS-644) or Camera Link. Please consult JAI PULNiX, or your frame grabber supplier for
compatibility information.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

The following diagram is an example of the TMC-1400 (same as TM-1400).

Ext. HD

32.16 µs
(1608p)

Page 23

Operation

LDV

1392p216p

1392p active pixels

1p=20 ns

Video
(analog)

46p 61p

Ext. VD

33.87 ms
(1053H)

FDV

13H

3H

Video

3H

1040H

1040H (active lines)

1H = 32.16µsec.

It is important to meet the exact starting pixel at LDV and the starting line of FDV. If the starting pixel
or line is shifted due to the image capture configuration, then the interpolation software can be adjusted
for the correct starting point. In figure A, if the first pixel is shifted (missed), the color interpolation
should start with G-R. If the first line is missed in A, the interpolation order will be B-G.

3.9.5 Camera Functions

AccuPiXEL color cameras perform all functions the same way as B/W cameras. However, because of
color characteristics, the following issues are different:

• Two-row binning scan

When two rows are mixed in the CCD, the Bayer color is no longer valid. It provides color
information but cannot be interpolated as a Bayer CFA.

• LUT (Look-up Table)

The LUT is a powerful tool to adjust the dynamic range as well as color dynamic range. Since
human color perception is non-linear, LUT selection can help optimize color contrast by selecting
the LUT value. Gamma 0.45 is logarithmic and is closed to human perception.

When LUT is selected, black-level adjustment must be more accurate than for B/W cameras.

For a detailed timing chart, please refer to the standard AccuPiXEL camera data sheet, or contact JAI
PULNiX.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 24
Operation

TABLE 7. Frame Grabber Interpolation Software List

3.9.6 Interpolation Software

Major frame grabber manufacturers with digital capability (Camera Link, RS-644) provide color
interpolation software. Some independent image process software suppliers provide software as well.
The following table lists a few examples.

Manufacturer Frame Grabber Software

Matrox Meteor II Digi, CL MIL

Bitflow Road Runner CL Bay View

Coreco T64 Application software

Data Cube MaxRevolution Visual Chip Studio

Epix PIXCI Application software

Euresys GrabLink Easygrab

EasyColor

Matrix Vision MV-Titan/CL Impact

3.9.7 Color Interpolation

The Bayer pattern color filter array (CFA) consists of R, G, and B primary colors. Each pixel represents
one of three colors. In order to display or print color images, the signal has to be converted to RGB
output, which has three independent channels (outputs) and sync signals.

Color interpolation software or firmware performs the color
preprocessing by filling the missing color pixels with neighboring
pixels. It then separates the stream of data, (8-bit or 10-bit) into 3 (RGB)
data (8-bit x 3) and adds the color matrix to adjust and balance each of
the R,G, and B channels (white balance or color balance).

The image quality depends on the camera’s own pixel data (including
pixel data independency from neighboring pixels, noise and color filter),
and interpolation of the software algorithm such as 3 x 3 interpolation, 2
x 2 interpolation, color matrix, white balance capability, etc.

All AccuPiXEL color cameras are carefully designed for maximum color performance. JAI PULNiX
strongly suggests that you use digital output for the best performance.

Some software is used on board (FPGA or DSP) to perform the interpolation. Other software simply
uses the host computer’s memory and CPU. The process speed may vary depending on the architecture
and speed of the computer.

Green Green

Blue Blue

Green

Red

Green

GreenRed

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

3.10 Camera Timing Charts

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 30 Frame /sec

Master Clock: 100 MHz, M=10 nsec
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P= 20 nsecec

1. Pixel Clock and Digital Data

Pixel Clock

A

Data

Page 25

Operation

Tcd: Clock to Data Ready
Tdc: Data Ready to Next Clock
Thd: Data Hold Time

Tcc =14 nsec, Tdc = 6 nsec, Thd = 5 nsec.

2. Horizontal Signals

External HD

[ 3 P], (60 ns)

Internal HD

C [12 P], (240 µs)

LDV

Digital Data

Tcd

fHD = [ 31.09KHz]
tHD = [ 32.16 µs]

A [ 1447 P], (28.94 µs)

B [ 1608 P], (32.16 µs)

D [ 216 P], (4.32 µs)

E [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)

F [ 1608 P], (32.16µs)

TdcT hd

Analog Video

I [ 48 P], (960 ns)

H [ 216 P], (4.32 µs)

J [ 168P], ( 3.36 µs)

G [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)

K [ 1392 P], (27.84 µs)

L [ 61 P], (1.22µs)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 26

A

Operation

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 30 Frames/Second

Master Clock: 100.00MHz, M = 10 nsec
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P = 20 nsec

3. External Reset Timing

External VD

B [1 H], (32.16 us)

Internal VD

FDV

Digital Data

Analog Video

K [3 H], (96.48 us)

C [9 H], (289.44 us)

F [13 H], (418.08 us)

H [13 H], (418.08 us)

J [10 H], (321.60 us)

L [3 H], (96.48µs)

A [1053 H], (33.86 msec)

D [1044 H], (33.58 ms)

E [ 1053 H], (33.86 ms)

G [1040 H], (33.45 ms)

I [1040 H], (33.45 ms)

M [1040 H], (33.45 ms)

Horizontal Frequency: 31.09KHz
1H = 32.16 usec

Delay of internal VD depends on the shutter speed.

4. Async Shutter Reset Timing

VINIT Trigger

N [Variable H],(µs)

Internal VD

R [1 H], (32.16 us)

FDV

Digital Data

nalog Video

O [9 H], (289.44 us)

S [13 H], (418.08 us)

T [13 H], (418.08 us)

V [9 H], (289.44 us)

W [3 H], (96.48µs)

P [1044 H], (33.58 ms)

Q [ 1053 H], (33.86 ms)

U [1040 H], (33.45 ms)

X [1040 H], (33.45 ms)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 15 Frame /sec

Master Clock: 50 MHz, M= 20 nsec
Pixel Clock: 25 MHz, P= 40 nsec

1. Pixel Clock and Digital Data

Pixel Clock

A

Data

Page 27

Operation

Tcd: Clock to Data Ready
Tdc: Data Ready to Next Clock
Thd: Data Hold Time

Tcd = 28 nsec, Tdc = 12 nsec, Thd = 10 nsec.

2. Horizontal Signals

External HD

[ 3 P], (120 ns)

Internal HD

C [12 P], (480 ns)

LDV

Digital Data

Tcd

fHD = [ 15.55 KHz]
tHD = [ 64.32 µsec]

A [ 1447 P], (57.88 µs)

B [ 1608 P], (64.32 µs)

D [ 216 P], (8.64 µs)

E [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)

F [ 1608 P], (64.32 µs)

TdcT hd

Analog Video

I [ 48 P], (1.92 µs)

H [ 216 P], (8.64 µs)

J [ 168 P], (6.72 µs)

G [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)

K [ 1392 P], (55.68 µs)

L [ 61 P], (2.44 µs)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 28

K

Operation

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 15 Frames/Second

Master Clock: 100.00 MHz, M = 10 nsec
Pixel Clock: 25 MHz, P = 40 nsec

3. External Reset Timing

External VD

B [1 H], (64.32 us)

Internal VD

FDV

Digital Data

Analog Video

[3 H], (192.96 us)

C [9 H], (578.88 us)

F [13 H], (836.16 us)

H [13 H], (836.16 us)

J [10 H], (643.20 us)

L [3 H], (192.96 µs)

A [1053 H], (67.73 ms)

D [1044 H], (67.15 ms)

E [ 1053 H], (67.73 ms)

G [1040 H], (66.89 ms)

I [1040 H], (66.89 ms)

M [1040 H], (66.89 ms)

Horizontal Frequency: 15.55 KHz
1H = 64.32 usec

4. Async Shutter Reset Timing

VINIT Trigger

N [Variable H], (µs)

Internal VD

R [1 H], (64.32 us)

FDV

Digital Data

Analog Video

O [9 H], (578.88 us)

P [1044 H], (67.15 ms)

Q [ 1053 H], (67.73 ms)

S [13 H], (836.16 us)

T [13 H], (836.16 us)

U [1040 H], (66.90 ms)

V [9 H], (578.88 us)

X [1040 H], (66.89 ms)

W [3 H], (192.96 µs)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Operation

A

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 56.5 Frames/Second

Page 29

Master Clock: 100 MHz, M= 10 nsec
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P = 200nsec

3. External Reset Timing (Partial Scan 500 Lines)

External VD

A [550 H], (17.69 ms)

B [1 H], (32.16 us)

Internal VD

FDV

Digital Data

Analog Video

K [3 H], (96.48 us)

L [3 H], (96.48 µs)

C [9 H], (289.44 µs)

D [541 H], (17.40 ms)

E [550 H], (17.69 ms)

F [50 H], (1.61 ms)

G [500 H], (16.08 ms)

H [50 H], (1.61 ms)

I [500 H], (16.08 ms)

J [47 H], (1.51 ms)

M [500 H], (16.08 ms)

Horizontal Frequency: 31.09 KHz
1H = 32.16 usec

4. Async Shutter Reset Timing (Partial Scan 500 Lines)

VINIT Trigger

N [Variable H], ( µs)

Internal VD

FDV

Digital Data

nalog Video

X [3 H], (96.48 µs)

Y [3 H], (96.48 µs)

O [9 H], (289.44 µs)

P [541 H], (17.40 ms)

R [550 H], (17.69 ms)

S [50 H], (1.61 ms)

T [500 H], (16.08 ms)

Note: For color camera, FDV=503H (async only)

U [50 H], (1.61 ms)

V [500 H], (16.08 ms)

W [47 H], (1.51 ms)

Z [500 H], (16.08 ms)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 30

A

Operation

Model: TM-1400 Operation Mode: 98.7 Frames/Second

Master Clock: 100 MHz, M= 10 nsec
Pixel Clock: 50 MHz, P = 20 nsec

3. External Reset Timing (Partial Scan 250 Lines)

External VD

A [315 H], (10.13 ms)

B [1 H], (32.16 us)

Internal VD

FDV

Digital Data

Analog Video

K [3 H], (96.48 us)

L [3 H], (96.48 µs)

C [9 H], (289.44 µs)

D [306 H], (9.84 ms)

E [ 315 H], (10.13 ms)

F [65 H], (2.09 ms)

G [250 H], (8.04 ms)

H [65 H], (2.09 ms)

I [250 H], (8.04 ms)

J [62 H], (1.99 ms)

M [250 H], (8.04 ms)

Horizontal Frequency: 31.09 KHz
1H = 32.16 usec

4. Async Shutter Reset Timing (Partial Scan 250 Lines)

VINIT Trigger

N [Variable H], (µs)

Internal VD

Q [3 H], ( 96.48 µs)

FDV

Digital Data

nalog Video

X [3 H], (96.48 µs)

Z [3 H], (96.48 µs)

O [9 H], (289.44 µs)

P [306 H], (9.84 ms)

R [ 315 H], (10.13 ms)

S [65 H], (2.09 ms)

T [250 H], (8.04 ms)

Note: For color camera, FDV=252H (async only)

U [65 H], (2.09 ms)

V [250 H], (8.04 ms)

W [62 H], (1.99 ms)

Y [250 H], (8.04 ms)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

3.11 Serial Communication Kit CS-232C (not required for “CL” version)

The TM-1400’s functions can be controlled by a PC via RS-232C communication using the CS-232E
serial communication kit. This kit consists of the RS-232B-12 cable, software disk, and quick-start
card. The software disk contains setup files for the graphical user interface (GUI) program. Refer to the
camera-control software manual for information on the GUI.

Note: For CL models, the control software is included and serial communication is through the

Camera Link cable. No additional accessories are required.

Page 31

Operation

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 32
Troubleshooting

4 Troubleshooting

4.1 Problems and Solutions

Following are troubleshooting tips for common problems. In general, problems can easily be solved by
following these instructions. If the following remedies fail to offer a solution to your problems, please
contact a JAI PULNiX representative.

4.1.1 Symptom: No Video

Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.

• Power supplies

• Power cables

• Main power source

• Shutter control

• Async mode

• Lens

• Digital output cable

• Analog video cable

4.1.2 Symptom: Dark Video

Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.

• Shutter selection

• Iris opening on the lens

4.1.3 Symptom: Non-Synchronized Video

Remedies: Check that the following are properly connected and operational.

• Proper mode output

• Frame grabber software camera selection

Note: Breaking the factory seal without prior approval from the factory will void the product

warranty.

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

4.2 Information and Support Resources

For further information and support:

Phone: [phone]

[phone]

Fax: [phone]

E-mail: [e-mail]

Mail: JAI PULNiX, Inc.

Sales Department

1330 Orleans Drive

Sunnyvale, CA 94089

ATTN: Video Applications

Web Site: www.jaipulnix.com

Page 33

Troubleshooting

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 34
Appendix

5 Appendix

5.1 Specifications

TABLE 8. TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table

Model TM-1400 series

Imager 1/2" progressive scan interline transfer CCD

Active Area 7.60mm (H) x 6.20mm (V)

Active Pixels 1392 (H) x 1040 (V)

Cell size 4.65µm x 4.65µm

Scanning

(Active Pixels)

Sync Internal/external auto switch

Data clock output 50.00 / 25.00 MHz

Resolution Digital: 1392 (H) x 1040 (V)

S/N ratio 50dB min. (AGC off)

Min. illumination 1.0 lux f=1.4 (no shutter) @30fps

Video output Analog: 714mV, 75 ohms (900 mV white clip)

AGC OFF

Gamma Programmable LUT (1.0 std.)

Lens mount C-mount (use 2/3" format lenses or larger)

Power req. 12V DC±10%, 370-390 mA (current measured at 25°)

Operating temp.

Random vibration 7G

Shock 70G

Size (W x H x L) 44mm x 44mm x 64mm (1.73" x 1.73" x 2.51")

Weight Without tripod mount: 133 g, 4.7 oz. (TM-1400),

1392 x 1040 pixels at 30 Hz/15 Hz

HD/VD, 4.0 Vp-p impedance 4.7K ohms
15/30Hz±2%, non-interlace
HD= 31.1 kHz±2%

Analog; over 900 TV lines (H) x 800 TV lines (V)

Sensitivity: 10µV/ e-

Digital output: 8-bit RS-644 output
Camera Link (TM-1400CL only)

-10°C to 45°C

(10Hz to 2000Hz)

rms

138 g, 4.9 oz. (TM-1400CL)
With tripod mount: 144.5 g, 5.1 oz. (TM-1400)

149.5 g, 5.3 oz. (TM-1400CL)

*

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

TABLE 8. TM-1400 Series Product Specifications Table (Continued)

Page 35

Appendix

Optional Functions
(must be ordered
separately)

OP 89-3 Differential Input, VINIT
OP 89-4 Differential Input, VD
OP 93 RS-422
OP 93-1 10-bit output

Optional Accessories
(must be ordered
separately)
I/O

TM-1400: 30DG-02 digital output cable, CS-232E serial communication kit,

TM-1400CL: 26CL-02-26 digital output cable
Power supply
Power cable

PD-12UUP series (includes power connector)

12P-02S

*. Refer to Section 2.2 on page 5 for information on camera heat dissipation.

5.2 Physical Dimensions

FIGURE 9. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400)

7.0 [0.28]

14.7 [0.58]

25.4 [1.00]

18.1 [0.7]

63.0 [2.48]

34.0 [1.34]

75.7 [2.98]

EFFECTIVE IMAGE AREA

44.0 [1.73]

SHUTTERUPDOWNMODE

DIGITAL

POWER VIDEO

44.0 [1.73]

2X M3 X 6.0 [0.24]

SOC HD CAP SCR

22.4 [0.88]

18.4 [0.73]

18.0 [0.71]

22.0 [0.87]

11.0 [0.43]

1/4-20

2X M6

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Page 36
Appendix

FIGURE 10. Physical Dimensions (TM-1400CL)

7.0 [0.28]

25.4 [1.00]

2X M3 X 6.0 [0.24]

SOC HD CAP SCR

5.3 Spectral Response

FIGURE 11. Spectral Response

14.7 [0.58]

11.0 [0.43]

22.4 [0.88]

18.4 [0.73]

18.0 [0.71]

22.0 [0.87]

34.0 [1.34]

63.0 [2.48]

75.7 [2.98]

1/4-20

2X M6

44.0 [1.73]

CAMERA LINK

1

9

2

8

10

3

7

11

12

456

POWER

44.0 [1.73]

VIDEO

1.0

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

Relative Sensitivity

0.2

0.1

0
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Wave Length (nm)

TM-1400 Series Progressive Scan Shutter Cameras

Imaging Products

JAI PULNiX, Inc.
1330 Orleans Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089

Email: [e-mail]

Tel: [phone]
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

www.jaipulnix.com

69-0115
Rev. C