Promax US TV EXPLORER II User Manual

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US TV EXPLORER II

EXPLORADOR US DE TV

EXPLORATEUR US DE TV

- 0 MI1526 -

SAFETY NOTES

Read the user’s manual before using the equipment, mainly " SAFETY RULES " paragraph.

The symbol manual may also appear as a Caution or Warning symbol.

Warning and Caution statements may appear in this manual to avoid injury hazard or damage to this product or other property.

on the equipment means "SEE USER’S MANUAL". In this

NOTAS SOBRE SEGURIDAD

Antes de manipular el equipo leer el manual de instrucciones y muy especialmente el apartado PRESCRIPCIONES DE SEGURIDAD.

El símbolo INSTRUCCIONES". En este manual puede aparecer también como símbolo de advertencia o precaución.

Recuadros de ADVERTENCIAS Y PRECAUCIONES pueden aparecer a lo largo de este manual para evitar riesgos de accidentes a personas o daños al equipo u otras propiedades.

sobre el equipo significa "CONSULTAR EL MANUAL DE

REMARQUES À PROPOS DE LA SECURITE

Avant de manipuler l'appareil, lire le manuel d'utilisation et plus particulièrement le paragraphe "PRESCRIPTIONS DE SECURITE".

Le symbole Dans ce manuel, il peut également apparaître comme symbole d'avertissement ou de précaution.

Des encadrés AVERTISSEMENTS ET PRECAUTIONS peuvent apparaître dans ce manuel pour éviter des risques d'accidents affectant des personnes ou des dommages à l'appareil ou à d'autres biens.

sur l'appareil signifie "CONSULTER LE MANUEL D'UTILISATION".

CONTENTS

SUMARIO

SOMMAIRE

 English manual ............................................................

 Manual español.............................................................

 Manuel français ..............................................................

English

Français

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 GENERAL.................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Description .......................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Specifications......................................................................................................4

SAFETY RULES...................................................................................................... 11

2.1 General safety rules..........................................................................................11

2.2 Descriptive Examples of Over-Voltage Categories...........................................13

INSTALLATION .......................................................................................................15

3.1 Power Supply....................................................................................................15

3.1.1 Operation using the External DC Charger ..................................................15

3.1.2 Operation using the Battery ........................................................................15

3.1.2.1 Battery Charging ...............................................................................16

3.2 Installation and Start-up .................................................................................... 16

QUICK USER GUIDE..............................................................................................17

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................ 21

5.1 Description of the Controls and Elements .........................................................21

5.2 Adjustment of Volume and Monitor Parameters................................................30

5.3 Selecting the Operation Mode: TV / Spectrum Analyzer / Measurements........ 31

5.4 Channel Tuning / Frequency Tuning................................................................. 31

5.5 Automatic Transmission Search........................................................................32

5.6 Selecting the measurement configuration: Analogue/ Digital signal.................32

5.7 External Units Power Supply .............................................................................32

5.8 Automatic signal identification function (AUTO ID) ........................................... 33

5.9 Channel plans ................................................................................................... 34

5.10 Acquisition function (DATALOGGER) ................................................................ 36

5.10.1 DATALOGGER for Attenuation and IF SAT tests.......................................37

5.11 Verification of distribution networks....................................................................39

5.12 Spectrum exploration function (EXPLORER)....................................................41

5.13 Measurements configuration .............................................................................42

5.13.1 ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B) Digital Channel Configuration .....................42

5.13.2 DVB-C (QAM) Digital Channel Configuration .............................................43

5.13.3 ATSC (8-VSB) Digital Channel Configuration.............................................43

5.13.4 DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) Digital Channel Configuration ............................44

5.13.5 DSS (QPSK) Digital Channel Configuration ...............................................46

5.14 Selecting the Measurements .............................................................................47

5.14.1 Analogue TV: Measuring the Video Carrier Level....................................... 49

5.14.2 Analogue TV: Measuring the Video / Audio ratio (V/A)...............................51

5.14.3 Analogue TV: Measuring the FM deviation................................................. 51

5.14.4 Analogue FM: Measuring the Level and demodulating signal .................... 52

5.14.5 Analogue/Digital TV: Measuring the Carrier / Noise ratio (C/N).................. 52

English

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5.14.6 Digital TV: Measuring the Power of Digital Channels .................................54

5.14.7 Digital TV: Measuring BER .........................................................................55

5.14.7.1 ITU-T J.83/B signals .........................................................................56

5.14.7.2 DVB-C signals................................................................................... 57

5.14.7.3 ATSC signals .................................................................................... 58

5.14.7.4 DVB-S/S2 and DSS signals..............................................................60

5.14.8 Digital TV: Measuring MER......................................................................... 63

5.15

Constellation Diagram .......................................................................................64

5.15.1 ITU-T J.83/B (QAM-Annex B) signal...........................................................65

5.15.2 DVB-C (QAM) signal...................................................................................66

5.15.3 DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) signal.................................................................. 67

5.15.3.1 Zoom, scroll and erasing functions ................................................... 68

5.16 Spectrum Analyzer ............................................................................................69

5.16.1 Markers .......................................................................................................70

5.17 Screen capture ..................................................................................................71

5.17.1 Recall screen ..............................................................................................71

5.17.2 Delete capture............................................................................................. 72

5.18 TV Operating Mode........................................................................................... 72

5.18.1 Recording and playing video streams.........................................................76

5.19 Antenna Alignment Function .............................................................................76

5.20 DiSEqC Command Generator........................................................................... 77

5.21 SATCR function.................................................................................................79

5.22 Using the alphanumeric keyboard.....................................................................79

DESCRIPTION OF THE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS.................................................81

6.1 RF input .............................................................................................................81

6.2 USB port ............................................................................................................81

6.3 Scart (DIN EN 50049) ....................................................................................... 81

6.4 RCA adapter......................................................................................................82

MAINTENANCE....................................................................................................... 83

7.1 Considerations about the Screen. .....................................................................83

7.2 Cleaning Recommendations .............................................................................83

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

US TV EXPLORER II

1 GENERAL

1.1 Description

The television explorer US TV EXPLORER II represents an evolutionary step with

respect to the traditional field strength meters. The continuous PROMAX innovation process in the sector of field strength meter yields an instrument that changes the way to take and understand television signals measurements.

This equipment incorporates important advances in the functional aspects as

well as in the ergonomics to allow the installers to make their work with maximum comfort and speed. Simultaneously the instrument is reliable for any possible problem at the input signal, at the distribution components or the receiver equipment.

The US TV EXPLORER II has been designed to satisfy all the necessities of measurement during the transition from the analogue transmissions to digital in terrestrial, satellites and cable systems. Allowing measurements of analogue signals as well as digital ones. When pressing the auto identification key, it searches and identifies the signal under test. First it recognizes whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one. When the signal is digital (ATSC, DVB-S/S2,ITU-T J.83/B,

DVB-C, DSS), it analyses for each modulation type 8-VSB / QAM

ANNEX-B / QPSK / 8PSK all the associated parameters: symbol rate, code rate, etc.

and determines the value of the signals under test.

The range of frequencies covered makes this instrument an excellent tool for FM radio, terrestrial TV, mobile TV, satellite TV and cable TV (where the subband tuning margin, from 5 to 45 MHz, enables the user to carry out tests on the return channel).

The US TV EXPLORER II adapts itself to the characteristic parameters of the standard and to the correct automatic system in order to obtain in all the cases an accurate measuring of the input signal level. It accepts the NTSC TV system and allows the user to work directly with digital TV signals decoding them, so that the television image may be viewed, and directly measuring the power, carrier/noise ratio (C/N), the bit error rate (BER) and the modulation error ratio (MER), as well for ATSC (8-VSB) as

DVB-S (QPSK), DVB-S2 (8PSK), DSS (QPSK), DBV-C (QAM Annex-A) and ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B) signals. This instrument allows to obtain besides a graphical representation of the Constellation Diagram for DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK), DVB-C(QAM) and ITU-T J.83/B (64/256-QAM) signals.

ANNEX-A / QAM

English

Trademark of the DVB - Digital Video Broadcasting Project (4914).

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Being a multistandard instrument, it can be efficiently used in any country of the world.

Includes a symbol-based keyboard that allows the direct access to the various functions that are displayed simultaneously on screen.

The US TV EXPLORER II makes a dynamic exploration of the spectrum, detecting all the channels in the explored band, this applies for the terrestrial and the

satellite television bands. The meter locates all the channels in the spectrum with no need of any previous information about the number of channels, the type of signals

transmitted or their characteristics. With the data collected after each exploration, it creates a register that contains tables of channels that can be independent for each system or installation. At any time, the measurement sessions using only the pretuned channels can be repeated. In this way it is possible to optimize the measurement process.

Shown on the frontal panel is the type of measurement that is being carried (Terrestrial-Satellite/Analogue-Digital) and the data are presented on a hi-res transflective 6.5" graphic TFT display with panoramical format. The equipment incorporates a light sensor that activates the contrast and luminosity of the display according to the environmental conditions.

The US TV EXPLORER II is an ideal size to hold with a hand. The instrument can be held to the body with the carrying bag or transport belt, which at the same time protects it from the rain. Because it is designed for outdoor use, it includes an anti- shock protector that completely covers the instrument, and optionally can be supplied with a strong transport case. As well, the front panel does not have any keys nor gaps to avoid accidental water ingress.

The US TV EXPLORER II is designed to integrate measurements that require different operating configurations. In this way it incorporates a specific function to facilitate the alignment of antennas. When activating the alignment function the instrument is set automatically to offer a fast spectrum sweep and a high sensitivity graphical bar that allows fine adjust for the maximum signal. In addition it includes a module for the powering of LNBs and the commands for the programming of DiSEqC

1.2 and SatCR devices.

The US TV EXPLORER II can be updated to new software versions that extend the available functions in the future. That means it can incorporate new benefits without additional cost. For example, in the test of satellite signals distribution networks, used in combination with an IF generator to carry out an easy verification of the installations before commissioning.

The spectrum analyzer features with high accuracy, resolution, sensitivity and sweep speed allows the instrument to be very useful for applications as the antenna installation or the detection of complex impulsional noise events. It presents an innovative control system based on four arrows, that makes the use of the spectrum analyser very intuitive. The arrows allow adjusting the reference level by steps of 5 or 10dB and the frequency margin span on screen.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

To enhance its convenience of use, it includes memories to store automatically the different data acquisitions, i.e.: acquisition name, test points, frequency, channel plan, etc.,. Moreover, the DATALOGGER function makes it much easier to test systems in which a large number of measurements have to be made, and enables further processing of all the information acquired using a computer system. The equipment is able to generate automatic measurement reports and to update itself through Internet by means of PkTools provided software.

Also, this meter incorporates a DiSEqC

command generator and permits to

supply different voltages to the external unit (5 V / 13 V / 15 V / 18 V / 24 V) and includes a SCART-RCA adapter, for audio/video input/output.

The US TV EXPLORER II is powered by rechargeable battery or connected to the mains through the supplied external DC power charger.

It incorporates a USB port, which enables the communication with a PC and to download dataloggers and channel plans.

This instrument due to its extreme-compact design, technical specifications and low cost becomes the industry standard for the installer.

English

DiSEqC

is a trademark of EUTELSAT.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

1.2 Specifications

CONFIGURATION FOR MEASURING LEVEL AND POWER

TUNING Digital frequency synthesis. Continuous tuning from

Tuning modes Channel or frequency (IF or downlink at satellite

Channel plan configurable on demand.

Resolution 5-1000 MHz: 50 kHz

Automatic search (Explorer) Threshold level selectable. Signal identification Analogue and digital. Automatic.

RF INPUT Impedance 75 Ω. Connector Universal, with BNC or F adapter. Maximum signal 130 dBµV. Maximum input voltage

DC to 100 Hz 50 Vrms (powered by the AL-103 power charger). 30 Vrms (not powered by the AL-103 power charger). 5 MHz to 2150 MHz 130 dBµV.

DIGITAL SIGNALS MEASUREMENT

POWER RANGE

8-VSB: 45 dBµV to 100 dBµV. QAM Annex-B/-A: 45 dBµV to 110 dBµV.

QPSK/8PSK: 44 dBµV to 114 dBµV. DSS: 44 dBµV to 114 dBµV.

MEASUREMENTS ATSC (8-VSB): Power, SER, VBER

Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

5 to 1000 MHz and from 950 to 2150 MHz.

band).

950-2150 MHz: < 200 kHz (span FULL-500-200-

100-50-32-16 MHz).

MER, C/N and noise margin.

The BER measurement shown by default (when PRN-23 BER option from Preferences menu is set to OFF)

yields an estimated value calculated using the MER measurement. In order to obtain a more accurate BER measurement value, the PRN-23 BER option from Preferences menu must be set to ON and a PRN-23 signal pattern must be used through the RF signal input [30]. If the input signal is like PRN-23 or a video signal, the BER and VBER measurement are considered as acceptable when BER/VBER taken as reference measurement.

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≤

3*10E-6 and SER-ERR/s ≤ 2 being SER value the number of wrong packets

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B): Power, BER, MER, C/N and noise margin. Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

DVB-C (QAM Annex-A): Power, BER, MER, C/N and noise margin. Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

DVB-S (QPSK): Power, CBER, VBER, MER, C/N and noise margin. Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

DVB-S2 (QPSK/8PSK): Power, CBER, MER, C/N, PER and LBER. Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

DSS (QPSK): Power, CBER, VBER, MER, C/N and noise margin. Presentation: Numeric and level bar.

CONSTELLATION DIAGRAM Type of signal DVB-S, DVB-S2 and QAM-B. Presentation I-Q graph.

ATSC SIGNAL PARAMETERS Code Rate 2/3 Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF. Symbol rate 10.762 Mb/s.

ITU-T J.83/B SIGNAL PARAMETERS Demodulation 64/256 QAM. Symbol rate 5057 to 5361 kbauds. Roll-off (α) factor of Nyquist filter 0.15. Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF.

DVB-C SIGNAL PARAMETERS Demodulation 16/32/64/128/256 QAM. Symbol rate 1000 to 7000 kbauds. Roll-off (α) factor of Nyquist filter 0.15. Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF.

DVB-S SIGNAL PARAMETERS Symbol rate 2 to 45 Mbauds. Roll-off (α) factor of Nyquist filter 0.35. Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8 and AUTO. Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF.

English

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

DVB-S2 SIGNAL PARAMETERS Symbol rate (QPSK) 2 to 33 Mbauds. Symbol rate (8PSK) 2 to 30 Mbauds. Roll-off (α) factor of Nyquist filter 0.35,0.25 and 0,35. Code Rate (QPSK) 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10 and AUTO. Code Rate (8PSK) 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10 and AUTO. Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF Pilots Presence indication.

DSS SIGNAL PARAMETERS Symbol rate 20 Mbauds. Roll-off (α) factor of Nyquist filter 0.20. Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 6/7 and AUTO. Spectral inversion Selectable: ON, OFF.

VIDEO Format ATSC: MPEG-2 (MP@ML) DVB: MPEG-2 (MP@ML). Services decoding Service list and PIDs

ANALOGUE SIGNALS MEASUREMENT

LEVEL MEASUREMENT Measurement range Terrestrial TV & FM bands 10 dBµV to 130 dBµV (3.16 µV to 3.16 V). Satellite TV band 30 dBµV to 130 dBµV (31.6 µV to 3.16 V). Reading Auto-range, reading is displayed on an OSD

Digital Absolute value calibrated in dBµV, dBmV or dBm. Analogue Relative value through an analogue bar on the

Measurement bandwidth 230 kHz (Terrestrial band)  4 MHz (Satellite band). According to span (maximum band ripple 1 dB). Audible indicator LV audio. A tone with pitch proportional to signal

Accuracy

Subband ±1.5 dB (30-120 dBµV, 5-45 MHz) (22 °C±5 °C). Terrestrial bands ±1.5 dB (30-120 dBµV, 45-865 MHz) (22 °C±5 °C). Satellite band ±2.5 dB (40-100 dBµV, 950-2050 MHz) (22 °C ± 5 °C). Overrange indication ↑, ↓

window.

screen.

strength.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

MEASUREMENTS MODE Terrestrial bands

Analogue channels Level, Video-Audio ratio and Carrier-Noise ratio. Digital channels Channel power, Carrier-Noise ratio and Channel

identification.

Satellite band Analogue channels Level and Carrier-Noise ratio. Digital channels Channel power and Carrier-Noise ratio.

DATALOGGER Function

Measurements automatic acquisition and storage.

Analogue channels Level, C/N and V/A ratios. Digital channels Frequency offset, MPEG-2 detection, power, C/N,

SAT IF TEST Function

IF distribution network response for satellite band.

ATTENUATION TEST Function

MER, CBER, VBER, LBER and noise margin.

Signal distribution network response for terrestrial

band.

SPECTRUM ANALYSER MODE Satellite band 30 dBµV to 130 dBµV (31.6 µV to 3.16 V). Terrestrial bands 10 dBµV to 130 dBµV (3.16 µV to 3.16 V). Measurement bandwidth According to Span.

Terrestrial 230 kHz, 1 MHz. Satellite 4 MHz, 1MHz. Span Terrestrial Full span (full band) - 500 - 200 - 100 - 50 - 32 - 16

- 8 MHz selectable.

Satellite Full span (full band) - 500 - 200 - 100 - 50 - 32 - 16

MHz selectable.

Markers One with frequency and level indications. Vertical range Adjustable

in steps of 5 or 10 dB.

Measurements Terrestrial bands Analogue channels Level. Digital channels Channel power. Satellite band Analogue channels Level. Digital channels Channel power.

MONITOR DISPLAY Monitor TFT colour 6.5 inches. Transflective LCD. Aspect ratio 16:9, 4:3. Colour system NTSC.

English

Using PkTools software application with a PC.

Function to be used with RP-250 or RP-050 IF signal simulator.

Function to be used with RP-250 or RP-080 pilot signals simulator.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Spectrum mode Variable span, dynamic range and reference level

by means of arrow cursors.

Sensibility 40 dBµV for correct synchronism.

BASE BAND SIGNAL

VIDEO Format ATSC: MPEG-2 (MP@ML). DVB: MPEG-2 (MP@ML). External video input Scart with RCA adapter. Sensibility 1 Vpp (75 Ω) positive video. Video output Scart with RCA adapter (75 Ω).

SOUND Input Scart with RCA adapter. Outputs Built in speaker, Scart with RCA adapter. Demodulation TV PAL, NTSC systems according to ATSC, ITU-T

J.83/B, DVB-S/S2, MPEG and QAM-A standards.

Decodification AC-3 audio decoding for 8-VSB and ITU-T J.83/B

(QAM Annex-B, DVB-S/S2 and QAM-A).

De-emphasis 50 µs, 75 µs (NTSC). Subcarrier Digital frequency synthesis according to the TV

standard.

USB INTERFACE For datalogger and channel plans transfer.

EXTERNAL UNITS POWER SUPPLY Through the RF input connector. Terrestrial and Satellite External or 5/13/15/18/24 V.

22 kHz signal Selectable in satellite band. Voltage 0.65 V ± 0.25 V. Frequency 22 kHz ± 4 kHz. Maximum power 5 W.

DiSEqC

GENERATOR According to DiSEqC 1.2 standard.

POWER SUPPLY Internal

Batteries 7.2 V 11 Ah Li-Ion battery. Autonomy > 4.5 hours in continuous mode. Recharging time 3 hours up to 80% (instrument off). External Voltage 12 V. Consumption 30 W.

DiSEqCTM is a trademark of EUTELSAT.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Auto power off Programmable. After the selected amount of

minutes without operating on any control. Desactivable.

OPERATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Altitude Up to 2000 m. Temperature range From 5 to 40 °C (Automatic disconnection by

excess of temperature).

Max. relative humidity 80 % (up to 31°C), decreasing lineally up to 50% at 40 °C.

MECHANICAL FEATURES Dimensions 230 (W) x 161 (H) x 76 (D) mm. (Total size: 2.814 cm

Weight 2.2 kg (without holster).

INCLUDED ACCESSORIES

1x CB-077 Rechargeable Li+ battery 7,2 V 11 Ah. 1x AT-010 10 dB attenuator. 1x AD-055 "F"/F-BNC/F adapter. 1x AD-056 "F"/F-"DIN"/F adapter. 1x AD-057 "F"/F-"F"/F adapter. 1x AL-103 External DC charger. 1x DC-229 Transport suitcase. 1x DC-265 Carrying bag. 1x DC-289 Transport belt. 1x AA-103 Car lighter charger. 1x CC-040 USB connexion cable. 1x CA-007 Mains cord. 1x USB Memory

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES

DC-266 Protective bag.

RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT THE PACKING

It is recommended to keep all the packing material in order to return the

equipment, if necessary, to the Technical Service.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

2 SAFETY RULES

2.1 General safety rules

* The safety could not be assured if the instructions for use are not closely

followed.

* Use this equipment connected only to systems with their negative of

measurement connected to ground potential.

* The AL-103 external DC charger is a Class I equipment, for safety reasons plug it

to a supply line with the corresponding ground terminal.

* This equipment can be used in Overvoltage Category I installations and

Pollution Degree 2 environments. External DC charger can be used in Overvoltage Category II, installation and Pollution Degree 1 environments.

* When using some of the following accessories use only the specified ones to

ensure safety.

Rechargeable battery External DC charger Car lighter charger cable Power cord

English

* Observe all specified ratings both of supply and measurement.

* Remember that voltages higher than 70 V DC or 33 V AC rms are dangerous.

* Use this instrument under the specified environmental conditions.

* When using the power adapter, the negative of measurement is at ground

potential.

* Do not obstruct the ventilation system of the instrument.

* Use for the signal inputs/outputs, specially when working with high levels,

appropriate low radiation cables.

* Follow the cleaning instructions described in the Maintenance paragraph.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

* Symbols related with safety:

DIRECT CURRENT

ALTERNATING CURRENT

DIRECT AND ALTERNATING

(Class II Protection)

(Risk of electric shock)

GROUND TERMINAL

PROTECTIVE CONDUCTOR

FRAME TERMINAL

EQUIPOTENTIALITY

ON (Supply)

OFF (Supply)

DOUBLE INSULATION

CAUTION

CAUTION REFER TO MANUAL

FUSE

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

2.2 Descriptive Examples of Over-Voltage Categories

Cat I Low voltage installations isolated from the mains.

Cat II Portable domestic installations.

Cat III Fixed domestic installations.

Cat IV Industrial installations.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

3 INSTALLATION

3.1 Power Supply

The US TV EXPLORER II is a portable instrument powered by one 7.2 V - 11 Ah

Li-Ion battery. There is also an external DC charger provided for mains connection and battery charging.

3.1.1 Operation using the External DC Charger

Connect the external DC charger to EXT. SUPPLY [32] on the US TV

EXPLORER II

selector [1] for more than two seconds. The level meter is now in operation and the battery is slowly charged. When the instrument is connected to the mains, the CHARGER indicator [4] remains lit. This indicator changes of color according to the battery charge status:

RED YELLOW GREEN

3.1.2 Operation using the Battery

the rotary selector [1] for more than two seconds. The fully charged battery can power the equipment for more than 4.5 hours non-stop.

functioning. In such a situation battery must be recharged immediately.

battery by checking the battery charge level indicator that appears when activating the

side panel. Connect the DC charger to the mains. Then, press the rotary

BATTERY CHARGE STATUS

OFF ON

< 50 % < 90 % > 50 % > 90 % 100 % 100 %

Table 1.- Indication of the battery charge status (CHARGER).

For the device to operate on the battery, disconnect the power cable and press

If battery is very weak, the battery cut-off circuit will prevent the device from

Before taking any measurements, you have to check the charge status of the

English

measurement mode by pressing

01/2008 Page 15

[12] key. These are the indicators on screen:

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

BATTERY CHARGE LEVEL INDICATORS

COLOUR SYMBOL CHARGE LEVEL

GREEN GREEN GREEN

3.1.2.1 Battery Charging

Table 2.- Indication of the battery charge level on screen.

75 % ∼ 100 % 30 % ∼ 75 % 10 % ∼ 30 % Empty battery. Recharge in progress.

To fully charge the battery, connect the instrument to the external DC charger

without activating the power on process. The length of time it takes to recharge it depends on the condition of the battery. If they are very low the recharging period is about 5 hours. The CHARGER [4] indicator should remain lit.

When the battery charging process is completed with the instrument off, the fan

stops.

IMPORTANT

The instrument battery needs to be kept charged between 30% and 50% of its capacity when not in use. The battery needs to be fully charged for best results. A fully charged battery undergoes temperature-related discharge. For example, at a room temperature of 20 °C, it can lose up to 10% of its charge over 12 months.

3.2 Installation and Start-up

The US TV EXPLORER II

therefore does not require installation.

When the rotary selector [1] is pressed for more than two seconds, the instrument is started up in the automatic power-off mode; that is, the device is automatically disconnected after the selected minutes if no key has been pressed. When the device is operating, it is also possible to select the auto power-off mode by means of the Preferences menu [22] and to select the time out until the automatic power-off.

When the equipment is going to be moved, activate the Transport mode by means of the Preferences menu [22] to disable the power on process until one specific key from main keyboard is pressed [8] as is it indicated on screen.

level meter is designed for use as a portable device,

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

4 QUICK USER GUIDE

STEP 1.- Battery charging

1. Connect the DC external charger to the equipment through connector [32] located

on the lateral panel.

2. Connect the DC charger to the mains.

3. When the equipment is connected to the mains, the CHARGER led [4] remains

lighted.

DC IN

English

Figure 1.- Battery charging

STEP 2.- Power on and signal connection

1. Hold the rotary selector [1] pressed until the equipment is powered on.

2. Connect the RF signal source in the input connector [30].

Figure 2.- Power on and signal connection.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

STEP 3.- To carry out a complete channel band exploration

1. Select the frequency band to explore [14] (terrestrial or satellite).

2. Activate the exploration process by holding [25] key pressed.

3. Press [10] key to visualize the channels detected and [6] to change

between channels from detected channels list.

STEP 4.- To carry out the tuned channel identification

1. Select the frequency band to explore [14] (terrestrial or satellite).

2. Activate the identification process pressing once on [25] key.

3. Press [10] key to visualize the signal detected from channel or frequency

identified or

[13] to monitor the corresponding spectrum.

STEP 5.- Making measurements

1. Select the channel or frequency [24] to measure by means of the rotary selector

[1].

2. Press [12] key to select the type of measurement until on screen appears the

corresponding measurement.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

STEP 6.- Frequency spectrum monitoring

1. Select the frequency band to graph [14] (terrestrial or satellite).

2. Press [13] key to activate the signals sweeping.

3. Press [6] to modify the reference level in the vertical axis.

4. Press [6] to modify span in the horizontal axis.

STEP 7.- Video signal monitoring

1. Select the terrestrial frequency band [14].

2. Tune the channel or frequency [24] that is desired to visualize on screen.

3. Verify that the equipment receives an appropriate signal level [12].

4. Press [10] key to visualize the TV image, if the channel is digital press [6]

and place the cursor on the Service Identifier field and press the rotary selector [1] to obtain the available list of services.

English

01/2008 Page 19

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

WARNING:

The following described functions could be modified based on software updates of the equipment, carried out after manufacturing and the publication of this manual.

5.1 Description of the Controls and Elements

Front panel

English

Figure 3.- Front panel.

[1] Rotary selector-button. This has many different functions: Equipment power

on/off, tuning control, moving between the various on-screen menus and sub-

menus, and validation of the different options.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

In order to power on the equipment, hold the rotary selector pressed for more

than two seconds until the presentation screen appears.

In order to power off the meter hold the rotary selector pressed.

Tuning purposes: turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it

anticlockwise frequency decreases.

To move along the on-screen menus: turning it clockwise active option moves

downwards while turning it anticlockwise active option moves upwards.

[2] EXT VIDEO. Video signal presence light indicator

It lights up when video on screen is coming through the RCA connector [35].

[3] DRAIN

External units power supply indicator. Lights up when the US TV EXPLORER II

supplies a current to the external unit.

[4] CHARGER

External DC charger operation indicator. When batteries are installed the battery

charger is automatically activated.

[5] SENSOR

Sensor of environmental luminosity, allows automatic adjusts of the display

contrast and brightness contributing to the battery saving.

[6]

CURSORS

Allow adjust in the Spectrum Analyzer mode of the reference level and the

margin of frequencies to represent (span). As well as the movement through the

different menus and submenus that appear in the monitor.

[7] MONITOR

[8] MAIN KEYBOARD

12 keys to select functions and entering alphanumeric data.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

English

Figure 4.- Main keyboard.

[10]

TV KEY

It allows visualizing the image of TV corresponding to the input signal as well as

data relative to the reception of the video signal. Key number 1 to enter numeric data.

[11]

EXTERNAL UNITS POWER SUPPLY

Enables selecting the power supply to the external units. Available voltages are:

External, 5 V, 13 V, 15 V, 18 V and 24 V for the terrestrial band and External, 5 V,

13 V, 15 V, 18 V, 13 V + 22 kHz and 18 V + 22 kHz for the satellite band.

Key number 2 to enter numeric data.

[12]

MEASUREMENTS

Enables the type of measurement to be selected. The types of measurements

available depend on the band, the standard and the operating mode. Key number 3 to enter numeric data.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

[13]

SPECTRUM/TV

Allows switching between any previous operating mode and the Spectrum

Analyzer mode and vice versa. Key number 4 to enter numeric data.

[14]

SATELLITE/TERRESTRIAL BAND

Allows switching between the Satellite or Terrestrial TV frequency band. Key number 5 to enter numeric data.

[15] S

This led remains lighted when the equipment works with the frequencies and the

corresponding channels to the satellite band.

[16] T

This led remains lighted when the equipment works with the frequencies and the

corresponding channels to the terrestrial band.

[17]

MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATION

It allows the commutation between the measurement mode for Digital TV or

Analogue TV.

[18] D

This led remains lighted when the equipment works with digital signals.

[19] A

This led remains lighted when the equipment works with analogue signals.

[20]

IMAGE ADJUST

Activation of VOLUME, CONTRAST, BRIGHT, SATURATION and HUE control

menus. Key number 6 to enter numeric data.

[21]

DISEqC

(Only in satellite band). It allows adjusting configuration parameters in satellite

band. Key number 7 to enter numeric data.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

[22]

UTILITIES / PREFERENCES

It activates the Utilities menu (short pulsation):

Equipment Info. Displays information on the instrument: (PN) product

number, version of control software, included set-up, etc.

Constellation Sets the constellation diagram graph for the DVB-S/S2,

ITU-T(QAM-B) and DVB-C (QAM-A) digital signal on tune.

Attenuation Test (Only terrestrial band).

Selects the function for testing signal distribution

networks in terrestrial band.

Sat IF Test (Only satellite band).

Selects the function for testing signal distribution

networks in satellite band.

Run Datalogger Function to automatically acquire measurements.

View Datalogger Displays the available acquisition list.

Erase Dataloggers Deletes an acquisition previously recorded.

Delete Channel Set Delete the channel plan selected.

Delete Channels Delete a channel from the active channel plan.

Insert Channels Add a channel to the current channel plan from another

standard list of channels.

Save as: Saves with a file name the capture screen in order to be

later processed.

Recall Constell

Recall a constellation diagram stored in memory.

Recall Spectrum Recall a signal spectrum previously stored.

Delete Capture Allows to delete a screen capture file.

Exit Exit from Utilities.

English

Only DVB-S/S2, QAM-A and ITU-T J.83/B.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

It activates the Preferences menu (long pulsation):

Language Selects the language between DEUTSCH, ENGLISH,

ESPAÑOL, FRANÇAIS, ITALIANO, CATALÀ, РУССКИЙ and PORTUGUÊS.

Beep Activates (ON) / deactivates (OFF) the beeper.

Skin Sets the display skin. It is possible to add new types

through the USB port.

Light Sensor It activates a light sensor to automatically adjust the

display contrast and brightness. Options are: High contrast (with low luminosity), Low contrast (with high luminosity) and AUTO.

Min. Ter. Power Sets the minimum power for a terrestrial digital signal to

be identified.

Min. Ter. Level Sets the minimum level for a terrestrial analogue signal

to be identified.

Identification DVB-S2 It allows to identify the DVB-S2 satellite digital signals.

Min. Sat. Power Sets the minimum power for a satellite digital signal to

be identified.

C/N Defines the C/N measuring method between Auto or

Reference Noise (Manual), used to determine the

frequency where noise level will be measured in the spectrum analyzer mode.

Identify Timeout Sets the maximum time that the equipment will carry

out the identification of a channel unknown before going to the next one.

Sat Band (Only satellite band).

Selects the C-band or Ku-band for tuning satellite signals.

Auto Power Off Activates the automatic power off mode.

Time Power Off Select the power off timeout between 1 and 120

minutes.

Terrestrial Units Select the measurements units for terrestrial and cable:

dBµV, dBmV or dBm.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Satellite Units Select the measurements units for satellite: dBµV,

dBmV or dBm.

Rotary Selector Select the movement sense: CW (clockwise) or CCW

(counterclockwise).

PRN-23 BER Turns ON or OFF the PRN-23 BER option.

Ref. level It selects the most suitable range when accessing to the

spectrum analyzer mode: MANUAL (defined by the user) or AUTO (calculated by the instrument).

Transport Mode It activates or it deactivates the automatic power off

function for transportation. So, it allows to prevent an accidental start-up of the equipment.

Exit Exit from preferences menu Key number 8 to enter numeric data.

English

[23]

Key number 9 to enter numeric data.

[24]

Key number 0 to enter numeric data.

[25]

01/2008 Page 27

ANTENNA ALIGNMENT

Tool for faster sweep antenna alignment at terrestrial and satellite bands.

Displays the measurements by means of a graph level bar.

TUNING BY CHANNEL OR FREQUENCY

Switches tuning mode between channel and frequency. (quick pulsation).

In channel mode the tuning frequency is defined by the active channels table

(FCC, ...).

It visualizes the listing of channel plans available (slow pulsation).

AUTO ID/ EXPLORER

Activates the automatic identification function (short pulsation):

The instrument will try to identify the signal under test.

First it recognizes whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one.

If the channel is analogue, it determines the television standard of the signal detected.

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

When the signal is digital, it analyses the modulation type: QAM Annex-B / QAM Annex-A / QPSK / 8PSK / 8-VSB and all the associated parameters such as the symbol rate, the code rate, etc.,. and it tries to lock to the signal.

In the spectrum analyzer mode it appears on screen the name of the network and the orbital position (only in satellite band).

Activates the band exploration function (long pulsation):

The meter explores the entire frequency band to identify the analogue and digital channels present.

Figure 5.- Top panel view.

[30] RF RF signal input Maximum level 70 dBmV. Universal connector for F/F or F/BNC adapter, with

input impedance of 75 Ω.

ATTENTION

Use the 10 dB attenuator (AT-010) to protect the RF [30] input whenever the input signal level is greater than 70 dBmV (3.16 V) or when suspecting of intermodulation problems. This accessory allows DC voltages to pass when powering external units as LNB and amplifiers.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

10 dB ATT

Figure 6.- Connecting external attenuator on RF input [30].

ATTENTION

Note the importance to protect the RF [30] input signal with an accessory to block the AC voltages used in CATV cables (necessary to feed amplifiers) and operate in remote mode.

English

34 35 33323136

Figure 7.- Lateral panel elements.

[31] RESET button

Allows to restart the instrument if occurs any abnormality while operating.

[32] External 12 V power supply input

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

[33] Loudspeaker

[34] Fan

[35] RCA adapter

[36] Transport belt hook

Figure 8.- Rear panel view.

[37] USB Connector

It enables the communication with a PC, and to download dataloggers and

channel plans.

5.2 Adjustment of Volume and Monitor Parameters

Repeatedly pressing the CONTRAST, BRIGHTNESS, SATURATION and HUE control menus. On activation of a menu for a specific parameter the screen displays a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to the parameter level, to modify this value simply turn the rotary selector [1]. To exit the menu and validate the new value press the rotary selector [1].

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[3] key sequentially activates the VOLUME,

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5.3 Selecting the Operation Mode: TV / Spectrum Analyzer /

Measurements

The US TV EXPLORER II has three basic operation modes: TV, Spectrum Analyzer and Measurements. To switch from TV operation mode to the Spectrum

Analyzer press

In TV operation mode the demodulated television signal is shown on-screen; this is the default operation mode, various functions can be selected, as shown in the following paragraphs.

In Spectrum Analyzer operation mode the screen displays the spectrum of the active band (terrestrial or satellite). The span and the reference level.

In Measurement mode the screen shows the available measurements according to the type of signal selected.

[13] key. To switch to the Measurements mode press [12] key.

5.4 Channel Tuning / Frequency Tuning

Pressing channel tuning and back again.

In channel tuning mode turning the rotary selector [1] sequentially tunes the channels defined in the active channels table. When turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it anticlockwise frequency decreases.

In frequency tuning mode there are two ways of tuning:

1. Turning the rotary selector [1].

Turning the rotary selector [1] selects the desired frequency (tuning is

continuous from 5 to 1000 MHz and from 950 to 2150 MHz). When turning it clockwise frequency increases while turning it anticlockwise frequency decreases.

2. Using the keyboard.

Press the rotary selector [1] (the frequency listing will disappear and will

appear on the upper left corner of screen the keyboard symbol of manual data

[24] key the US TV EXPLORER II switches from frequency tuning to

English

entry keyboard. The US TV EXPLORER II will calculate the tuneable frequency closest to the entered value and then display it on-screen.

01/2008 Page 31

), next enter the frequency value in MHz using the numeric

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5.5 Automatic Transmission Search

Holding pressed the When tuning a channel the instrument tries to identify it and save it with the configuration. If the identification is not possible the channel is removed from list. As a result obtains a new channel plan that only contains the channels that have been identified.

[25] key search starts over the active channel plan.

5.6 Selecting the measurement configuration: Analogue/ Digital signal

Measuring the characteristics of a channel depends, in the first place, on the type of modulation: analogue or digital.

Use key

[20] key to show the measurements CONFIGURATION menu and select the Signal option by turning and pressing the rotary selector [1]. The Signal option allows setting the type of signal to measure. When switching to a new type, the US TV EXPLORER II activates the last measurement configuration used for that type of signal.

[20] to switch between analogue and digital channels. Press the

5.7 External Units Power Supply

The US TV EXPLORER II can supply the voltage needed to power the external

units (antenna preamplifiers, in the case of terrestrial TV, LNB in the case of satellite TV, or IF simulators).

In order to select the supply voltage of the external units, press

the screen will display a functions menu labeled EXT. SUPPLY listing the choice of voltages (which will depend on the band being used). Turn the rotary selector [1] to the desired voltage and press to activate it. The following table shows the choice of supply voltages:

Band Powering voltages SATELLITE

External 5 V 13 V 15 V 18 V 24 V 13 V + 22 kHz 18 V + 22 kHz

[11] key, and

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Band Powering voltages TERRESTRIAL

MATV

Table 3.- External units powering voltages.

External 5 V 13 V 15 V 18 V 24 V

In the External power supply mode is the unit powering the amplifiers before the

antenna (terrestrial television) or the satellite TV receiver (house-hold or community) also powers the external units.

The DRAIN [3] indicator lights when current is flowing to the external unit. If any

kind of problem occurs (e.g., a short circuit), an error message appears on the monitor ('SUPPLY SHORT'), the acoustic indicator will be heard and the instrument will cease to supply power. The US TV EXPLORER II

does not return to its normal operating state

until the problem has been solved, during this time it verifies every three seconds the persistence of the problem warning with an acoustic signal.

5.8 Automatic signal identification function (AUTO ID)

The US TV EXPLORER II allows automatically identifying TV signals, according

to the established configuration, which are presents in the channel or tuned frequency.

English

In order to activate this function must once press

combine this process with the spectrum monitoring

[25] key. Specially useful, is to

[13], so that after locating the marker on the levels susceptible to contain a transmission, and activating later the process of automatic identification in order to identify the present signal.

FREQ: CHANNEL:

TESTING FOR ANALOG NOT ENOUGH LEVEL 46.2 < 50.0 dBµV TESTING 8-VSB POWER OK 51.6 >= 32.0 dBµV TRYING CURRENT 8-VSB CONFIG. DIGITAL: 8-VSB SEARCHING NETWORK NAME

CANCEL

Figure 9.- Signal automatic identification screen. AUTO ID.

01/2008 Page 33

753.25 MHz61DL: 753.25 MHz

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

First it recognizes whether the signal is an analogue channel or a digital one. If

the channel is analogue, it determines the television standard of the signal. When the signal is digital (ATSC, ITU-T J.83/B, DVB-C, DVB-S and DSS), it analyses for each modulation type QAM Annex-A / QAM Annex-B / QPSK / 8QPSK / 8-VSB all the associated parameters such as the modulation system: carriers, symbol rate, code rate, etc.,. and determines the value of the signals under test.

If the AUTO ID function is launched in the spectrum analyzer mode, the name of

the network will appear temporarily on screen (it also appears in the measurement display). In case of working in the satellite band the orbital position appears as well.

Whenever the process detects new parameters for a channel or frequency will

create a new channel plan containing the detected information.

NOTE: The icon in the upper corner of a digital measurement screen states

that the signal level is higher than the minimum threshold (see the PREFERENCES menu) but demodulator cannot lock it maybe due to some wrong configuration parameter.

In such case, the user must press AUTO ID [25 ] key.

NOTE: In order to identify DVB-S2 signals will be necessary to activate previously

the DVB-S2 option for digital satellite signals in the [22] PREFERENCES menu.

5.9 Channel plans

The signal automatic identification process as much as the exploration of the frequency spectrum could yield the generation of new customized channel plans relative to the usual work locations of the meter equipment.

In this way the characterization of the band will be faster and easier when causing that the equipment only analyses a shorter set of channels.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Whenever a new process of exploration is activated, the US TV EXPLORER II analyses all the present channels in the active channel plan, which acts as pattern channel plan specified by means of the option CHANNEL SET from configuration

measurement menu: CONFIGURATION

[17].

If during exploration or automatic identification process the

EXPLORER detects

new parameters for some channel or frequency a new list will be generated with the information updated and will be saved with the name of the original channel plan followed by the extension: _0x. (See the following Figure).

STD CHANNEL PLAN

+ PARAMS. NEW CHANNEL PLAN

EXPLORER

FCC:

FCC_01:

A02 A03 A04 A05 A06 A07 67 68 69

A02 A04 A07 15 65 68

AUTO ID

FCC:

FCC_01:

A02 A03 A04 A05 A06 A07 67 68 69

A02 A03 A04 A05 68 69

Figure 10.- New channel plan generation process.

STD CHANNEL PLAN

+ PARAMS. A04

Those channels that have not been identified during the exploration process are removed from the new generated channel plan. The user can save this table in the

memory, modify its name and later use it by means of the CONFIGURATION

[17]

menu.

Also can delete any channel list, or remove and add channels from another

English

standard list by means of the editing options offered by the

UTILITIES [22] menu.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

CHANNEL SET FCC

EIA

10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

HRC

IRC

57.00

EXIT

-3

A02

Figure 11.- Channel plans listing.

MHz

kHz

C/N:

POWER:

» MER: SER: VBER:

>21.3

55.8

19.5

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

dB dBµV dB

Keep the

[24] key pressed in order to accede to the listing of channel plans available in the instrument and later select the current channel plan by means of the rotary selector [1].

The

EXPLORER allows directly changing the tuned channel pertaining to the active

channel plan by means of the horizontal

the channel-tuning field

[24] and in the TV [10] and MEASUREMENTS

cursors [6]. From this way, once selected

[12] operation modes is possible to check cyclically the entire active channel list.

NOTE: The icon in the upper corner of the screen indicates that the

equipment is carrying out an internal operation and user must wait to complete it.

5.10 Acquisition function (DATALOGGER)

The Datalogger function allows the user to carry out and store measurements in

a fully automatic way. It can store for each acquisition the measurements made in different points of the installation. The measurements made are relevant to the current analogue or digital channel, in the active channel plan.

To select the Datalogger function, activate the UTILITIES select the RUN DATALOGGER option. Later, by turning the rotary selector [1] select a previously stored acquisition or a NEW DATALOGGER.

[22] menu and

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

14/41 TEST POINT: CHANNEL SET:

FREQ:

CH:

8-VSB. MEASURING... 16 Sec.

CANCEL

63.00

-1

A03

Figure 12.- DATALOGGER screen.

DATALOGGER_00 POINT_01 LEMSFORD

MHz

C/N:

kHz

POWER: MER: SER: VBER:

7.5

52.1

dBµV

<13

>7.7E-2

1.0E-1

In the case of digital channels, which require a greater calculation process, a timer counter will appear in the lower part of the screen. In the upper corner the channel number being measured will appear, followed by the total number of channels in the current channel plan.

In order to select the different fields on the screen, press the cursor keys [6] and then edit by pressing the rotary selector [1].

After selecting the START field the instrument begins to carry out the available measurements automatically. Once completed, the process will be ready to repeat again (for example, for a new test point), or view measured data by turning the rotary selector [1], or store the information in memory (SAVE) or exit from this acquisition (EXIT).

5.10.1 DATALOGGER for Attenuation and IF SAT tests

The US TV EXPLORER II allows to make measurement acquisitions while executing an Attenuation test at terrestrial band or an IF SAT test at satellite band (see section “5.11 Verification of distribution networks”).

For it, one of these tests should be activated previously as the following figure shows.

English

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

-10

-20

FREQ: REF: TEST: ATT:

229.70

90.6

86.3

Figure 13.- Attenuation Test. Terrestrial band.

4.3

519.25

83.7

73.1

10.6

631.25

83.6

70.2

13.4

EXITCALIBRATE

MHz dBmV dBmV

In order to make the automatic acquisition of these measurements, select it from

UTILITIES menu by pressing the [22] key, and activating the RUN DATALOGGER option, and later the NEW DATALOGGER option. In the CHANNEL SET field will appear the type of test that the instrument is going to store automatically.

TEST POINT: CHANNEL SET:

FREQ:

CH:

READY TO START

START SAVE EXIT

229.70

- - -

Figure 14.- Datalogger screen for Attenuation test frequencies.

PINEMALLCTR PREMISE1 ATTENUATION TEST

REF:

MHz

LEVEL:

kHz

- - -

dBmV dBmV

Once the START option is selected the instrument will capture all test values

corresponding to the three pilot frequencies in the active band. When measuring is completed, it will offer the options to store data or to start a new acquisition.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

FINISHED TEST POINT: CHANNEL SET:

FREQ:

CH:

START SAVE EXIT

229.70

- - -

PILOT_01

Figure 15.- End of data acquisition.

PINEMALLCTR PREMISE1 ATTENUATION TEST

REF:

MHz

LEVEL:

kHz

90.6

80.3

dBmV dBmV

NOTE: In order to select the function (Attenuation test or IF SAT test) might be

necessary to switch the frequency band between Terrestrial or Satellite by

means of the front panel

key [10].

5.11 Verification of distribution networks (SAT IF Test / Attenuation Test)

This application allows to verify easily the TCI features (Telecommunications

Common Infrastructures) before the antennas and head-end devices are operative. The procedure allows to evaluate the frequency response of a whole TV signals distribution network by means of two steps:

NOTE: For this application the use of PROMAX’s RP-050 and RP-080 or RP-250

signal generators are required, for which they have been specially designed.

1.- CALIBRATION

Connect the signal generator directly to the US TV EXPLORER II using the

BNC-F adapter.

Power on the RP-050/RP-080 through the EXPLORER, for it is necessary to set

the External supply function (see section '5.7 External Units Power Supply') pressing

English

[11], and the rotary selector [1] for setting a voltage of 13 V.

key

Finally, select the SAT IF TEST application on UTILITIES [22] menu for SAT

band, or the ATTENUATION TEST for terrestrial band, connect the signal generator to the point where antenna will be connected (signal source).

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Press the

[17] key to see on screen the measurement CONFIGURATION.

By means of the Threshold Attenuation option is possible to adjust the maximum difference between the pilots reference level from -55 to 10 dBmV.

Later, by means of the horizontal cursors

[6] key, select the Calibrate

function (see the following figure). Wait for some seconds until the calibration process for three pilots is completed:

MEASURING REF. is indicated on screen while this process

is in progress.

-10

-20

FREC: REF: TEST: ATT:

1294.89

Figure 16.- SAT IF Test. Satellite band.

84.7

84.5

0.2

1403.94

90.2

0.0

2130.99

100.3

99.1

1.2

MHz dBµV dBµV

EXITCALIBRATE

The calibration process must be carried out over the point of the installation which is taken as reference, i.e. usually the headend. During this process is determined the number of pilot frequencies to check, from one to three, in addition to the reference level for pilots. In order to determine the number of pilots, the equipment takes the higher found level and verifies that the other pilots have a non lower level to the reference one plus the defined threshold level. If the pilot agrees this condition it will show on screen.

2.- MEASUREMENT OF THREE PILOTS THROUGHOUT THE NETWORK

Once US TV EXPLORER II has been calibrated, start to make level measurements in the different distribution outlets using the

EXPLORER. On the

screen will appear the attenuation values for the three pilot frequencies measured in the outlet plate (see the following figure).

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

-10

-20

FREC: REF: TEST: ATT:

1294.89

Figure 17.- Attenuation measurements in an outlet plate.

84.7

80.7

4.0

1403.94

90.2

84.2

6.0

2130.99

100.3

77.6

22.7

MHz dBµV dBµV

EXITCALIBRATE

In order to finish measuring, press the rotary selector [1] and select the (EXIT)

option.

5.12 Spectrum exploration function (EXPLORER)

The Exploration function allows exploring the full frequency band in order to

identify the analogue channels and digital presents, in agreement with the configuration

English

set, over the active channel plan. In order to activate this function the

[25] key must

be pressed until the EXPLORER screen appears.

TESTING CHANNEL SET:

0 25 50 75 100%

66 67 68 69 FOUND: 12 / 101 PROCESS SUCCESSFUL

EXIT

Figure 18.- Spectrum exploration screen. EXPLORER.

8-VSB OK UNIDENTIFIED ANALOG: NTSC-M NO SIGNAL

SAVE AS: STATION1

PROMAX

When the instrument completes the exploration, a new channel plan is generated based on the active channel plan. This new channel plan contains only the channels that have been identified and the rest are removed. The equipment offers the possibility of saving in memory the channel plan generated to use later. If the new channel plan is not saved it will remain active until the instrument is powered off or some other plan is loaded.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5.13 Measurements configuration

With the aim of taking the measurements of all types of signals some times could be necessary that user enters parameters relative to particular characteristics of these signals, whether an automatic detection has not been possible, or these parameters differ from the standard corresponding ones.

Press the Measurements Configuration

[17] key to access to the

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access to parameters, which are modifiable by the user.

5.13.1 ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B) Digital Channel Configuration

Press the Measurements Configuration CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access the QAM Annex-B

signals parameters, which can be defined by user and are described below:

1) Spectral inversion If necessary, activate the Spectral inversion (On). If the spectral inversion is not

correctly selected, reception will not be correct.

2) Modulations It defines the modulation type. When selecting this function and pressing the

rotary selector [1] a multiple-choice menu will appear on the screen, this menu

permits to choose one of the following modulations: 64 or 256.

CONFIGURATION

» CHANNEL SET:

» SIGNAL:

10 30 50 70 90 110 130

FREQ:

CH:

SYSTEM: FRAME RATE:

213.00

CHANNEL BW: » SPECTRAL INV: SYMBOL RATE: » MODULATION: EXIT

A13

MHz

kHz

-3

C/N:

POWER:

» MER: BER:

[17] key to access to the

ITU-T J.83/B

5361kSymb

FCC

NTSC 60Hz

16.5

6.00MHz

66.2

OFF

24.7

5.6E-7

256QAM

dB dBµV dB

Figure 19.- Screen of measurement configuration (QAM Annex-B signals).

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5.13.2 DVB-C (QAM) Digital Channel Configuration

Press the Measurements Configuration

[17] key to access to the

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access the QAM signals

parameters, which can be defined by user and are described below:

1) Spectral inversion

If necessary, activate the Spectral inversion (On). If the spectral inversion is not correctly selected, reception will not be correct.

2) Symbol Rate When selecting this function and pressing the rotary selector [1] is possible to

choose the symbol rate.

3) Modulation It defines the modulation type. When selecting this function and turn the rotary

selector [1] to choose one of the following modulations: 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256.

CONFIGURATION

» CHANNEL SET:

» SIGNAL: 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2 TS

Figure 20.- Screen of measurement configuration (QAM signals).

» SYSTEM:

» FRAME RATE:

650.00

» CHANNEL BW:

-3

» SPECTRAL INV:

» SYMBOL RATE:

» MODULATIONS:

EXIT

MHz

kHz

C/N: » POWER: MER: BER:

CCIR

DVB-C

PAL

50Hz

16.5

8.00MHz

66.2

OFF

24.7

6875kSymb

3.4 E-4

64QAM

dB dBµV dB

5.13.3 ATSC (8-VSB) Digital Channel Configuration

English

Press the Measurements Configuration

[17] key to access to the

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access the 8-VSB signals

parameters, which can be defined by user and are described below:

1) Spectral Inv. (spectral inversion) This option enables spectral inversion to be applied to the input signal, though in

the majority of cases it should be in the OFF position (not inversion).

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CONFIGURATION

» CHANNEL SET:

» SIGNALL:

YSTEM

10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

Figure 21.- Screen of measurements configuration (8-VSB signals).

FRAME RATE

57.00

CHANNEL BW

» SPECTRAL INV:

A02

EXIT

MHz

kHz

-3

C/N: »

POWER: MER: SER: VBER:

FCC

8-VSB

NTSC 60Hz

>21.3

6.00MHz

55.8

OFF

19.5

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

dB dBµV dB

5.13.4 DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) Digital Channel Configuration

Press the Measurements Configuration

[17] key to access to the

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access the QPSK/8PSK

signals parameters which can be defined by user and are described below:

1) Channel BW (channel bandwidth) Enables the channel bandwidth to be selected over a range from 1.3 MHz to

60.75 MHz. The selection of this parameter is essential for the correct operation of the tuner, as it affects the frequency separation of the carriers.

2) Spectral Inv If necessary, activate the Spectral inversion (On). Reception will be bad if

spectral inversion has been incorrectly selected.

3) Code Rate Also known as Viterbi ratio. It defines the ratio between the number of data bits

and actual transmission bits (the difference corresponds to the control bits for error detection and correction).

In DVB-S it permits to choose between 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6 and 7/8. In DVB-S2 it

permits to choose one of the following values: 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 8/9 y 9/10.

4) Symbol Rate It is possible to choose over the following values: from 1000 to 45000 kbauds. When selecting the option appears the current value, in order to modify it enter a

new value through keyboard when appears the data enter symbol appears on the upper left corner screen.

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When altering this parameter modifies automatically the value of the Channel

Bandwidth and vice versa, due to the relation that exists between these two parameters.

CONFIGURATION

» CHANNEL SET:

» SIGNAL: 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

DL-Ku: CH:

MPEG-2

Figure 22.- Screen of measurement configuration (QPSK signals).

» SYSTEM:

» FRAME RATE:

1781.94

» CHANNEL BW:

» SPECTRAL INV:

12382.0

» CODE RATE:

» SYMBOL RATE:

» POLARIZATION:

5037

MHz

kHz

MHz

C/N: » POWER: MER: CBER: VBER:

ASTRA-VL

DVB-S

PAL

50Hz

0.2

29.70 MHz

51.5

OFF

10.9

5/6 22000kSymb VERT/RIGHT

9.7E-4

5.2E-8

dB dBµV dB

5) Modulations (Only in DVB-S2)

Modulation used by carriers. It defines also the system noise immunity (QPSK and 8PSK).

6) Polarization It affects to the signal reception in the SAT band (satellite). It allows to select the signal polarization among Vertical/Right (vertical and circular clockwise) and Horizontal/ Left (horizontal and circular counterclockwise) or, to deactivate the polarization (

OFF).

7) Sat Band Selects the High or Low frequency band for satellite channel tuning.

8) LNB Low Osc. Sets the LNB low band local oscillator.

9) LNB High Osc.

Sets the LNB high band local oscillator.

NOTE: In the channel tuning mode the Polarization and Sat Band options cannot

be modified.

English

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This configuration menu shows, besides the QPSK/8PSK signal parameters

selected by user, all the values automatically detected:

Roll Off Nyquist filter roll-off factor. Pilots (Only in DVB-S2) Pilots detection in transmission.

IMPORTANT REMARK

DVB channels tuning may require an adjusting process. It is recommended to follow next procedure:

1. From the spectrum analyzer mode [13], tune the channel at its central frequency.

2. Switch to Measurements mode

[12], measurement selection.

3. If in the lower line of the screen does not appear MPEG-2 message (and consequently BER is unacceptable), by turning the rotary selector deviate the tuning frequency until MPEG-2 message appears. Finally tune channel again to minimize the frequency deviation which optimizes the BER and therefore minimize the BER.

If it is not possible to detect any MPEG-2 channel, make sure that digital signal parameters are correctly defined.

5.13.5 DSS (QPSK) Digital Channel Configuration

Press the Measurements Configuration

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] to access the QPSK signals

parameters which can be defined by user and are described below:

1) Channel BW (channel bandwidth)

Enables the channel bandwidth to be selected. The selection of this parameter is

essential for the correct operation of the tuner, as it affects the frequency separation of the carriers.

2) Spectral Inv

If necessary, activate the Spectral inversion (On). Reception will be bad if

spectral inversion has been incorrectly selected.

[17] key to access to the

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3) Code Rate Also known as Viterbi ratio. It defines the ratio between the number of data bits and actual transmission bits (the difference corresponds to the control bits for error detection and correction).

It permits to choose between 1/2, 2/3 and 6/7.

CONFIGURATION

» SIGNAL:

» SYSTEM:

10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

Figure 23.- Screen of measurement configuration (DSS signals).

FRAME RATE:

CHANNEL BW:

1936.01

» SPECTRAL INV:

» CODE RATE:

11686.0

SYMBOL RATE

ROLL OFF

» POLATIZATION

---

MHz

kHz

MHz

C/N: » POWER: MER:

20000kSymb

CBER: VBER:

HORIZ/IZQ.

DSS

NTSC 60Hz

37.12MHz

0.2

OFF

51.5

6/7

10.9

9.7E-4

0.20

5.2E-8

dB dBµV dB

4) Polarization It affects to the signal reception in the SAT band (satellite). It allows to select the signal polarization among Vertical/Right (vertical and circular clockwise) and Horizontal/ Left (horizontal and circular counterclockwise) or, to deactivate the polarization (

OFF).

5) Sat Band Selects the High or Low frequency band for satellite channel tuning.

6) LNB Low Osc. Sets the LNB low band local oscillator.

7) LNB High Osc. Sets the LNB high band local oscillator.

5.14 Selecting the Measurements

The types of measurements available depend on the operating band (terrestrial or

satellite) and the type of signals (analogue or digital).

Terrestrial band - Analogue channels:

Level Level measurement of the currently tuned carrier.

Video / Audio Video carrier to audio carrier ratio.

English

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C/N Ratio between the modulated signal power and the equivalent

noise power for a same bandwidth. (according to TV standard)

FM Deviation Measure the frequency peak deviation for any modulated

analogue carrier in FM.

Terrestrial band - Digital channels (ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B) and ATSC (8-VSB)):

Channel power Channel power is measured assuming that power spectral

density is uniform throughout channel bandwidth.

MER Modulation error ratio measurement.

SER (only for ATSC) MPEG wrong packets measurement, which

have not been corrected by means of the FEC.

VBER (only for ATSC) BER (Bit error rate) measurement for the digital

signal after the error correction (BER after Viterbi).

BER (only for ITU-T J.83/B and DVB-C) BER (Bit error rate)

measurement for the digital signal after the error correction (BER after Viterbi).

C/N Out-channel measurement. Noise level is measured at f

± ½*Channel BW. To measure it correctly digital

tuning

noise

channel must be tuned at its central frequency.

NOTE: The VBER measurement shown by default (when PRN-23 BER option from

Preferences menu is set to OFF) yields an estimated value calculated using the MER measurement. In order to obtain a more accurate BER measurement value, the PRN-23 BER option from Preferences menu must be set to ON and a PRN-23 signal pattern must be used through the RF signal input [30].

If the input signal is like PRN-23 or a video signal, the BER and VBER

measurement are considered as acceptable when BER/VBER ≤ 3*10E-6 and SER-ERR/s ≤ 2 being SER value the number of wrong packets taken as reference measurement.

Satellite band - Analogue channels

Level Level measurement of the currently tuned carrier.

C/N Ratio between the modulated signal power and the equivalent

noise power for a same bandwidth.

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Satellite band - Digital channels (DVB-S/S2 and DSS):

Channel Power Automatic method.

C/N Ratio between the modulated signal power and the equivalent

noise power for a same bandwidth.

MER Modulation error ratio with noise margin indication (only for

DVB-S and DSS).

CBER The BER measurement (Bit error rate) for the digital signal

before error correction (BER before FEC).

VBER (Only for DVB-S and DSS) The BER measurement (Bit error

rate) for the digital signal after error correction (BER after

Viterbi).

LBER (Only for DVB-S2) The BER measurement (Bit error rate) for

the digital signal after error correction (BER after LDPC).

English

In order to change the measurement mode press

[12] key. On the monitor will

appear cyclically all the measures available for the tuned signal.

5.14.1 Analogue TV: Measuring the Video Carrier Level

In the measurement mode of analogue signals, the US TV EXPLORER II, monitor

can work as an analogue indicator of level representing the signal present in the input.

In order to change the measurement mode press

screen like the following one:

10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

Figure 24.- Analogue signal level measurement in terrestrial band.

01/2008 Page 49

S10

MHz168.25

» LEVEL: C/N V/A: FM DEV:

[12] key, it will appear a

dBµV

78.2

40.1

16.2

kHz

- - -

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Turn the rotary selector [1] to change the tuning channel/frequency. Press the

[12] key to select the type of measurement to visualize on the monitor.

The available types of measurements are:

LEVEL: Level indication on the upper part of the screen (analogue

C/N: Carrier / Noise ratio measurement.

V/A: Video / Audio ratio measurement.

FM Deviation: Measure the frequency peak deviation for any modulated

bar).

analogue carrier in FM.

WARNING

When at the RF input appear an important number of carriers with a high level the tuning circuit may become out of control, giving as a result wrong level measurements. To be able to determinate the equivalent level of a carrier group (with similar levels) at the RF input, it is possible to use the expression:

Lt=L + 10 log N

So, if there are ten carriers with a level around 90 dBµV, their equivalent level will be:

Observe that in this case, loss of tuning by overload of the RF input may occur besides other effects such as tuner saturation and generation of intermodulation products that may mask the spectrum visualization.

Lt: equivalent total level L: average level of the carriers group

N: number of carriers

90 dBµV + 10 log 10 = 100 dBµV

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5.14.2 Analogue TV: Measuring the Video / Audio ratio (V/A)

In the Video/Audio measurement mode, on the screen appears the following

information:

0 10 20 30 40

FREQ: CH:

S10

MHz168.25

LEVEL: C/N

V/A:

» FM DEV:

78.2

40.1

16.2

- - -

dBµV dB dB kHz

English

Figure 25.- Measurement of the video/audio rate

In addition to the video carrier / audio carrier level ratio (16.2 dB in previous

figure) it also shows the frequency or channel, depending on the tuning mode selected, the carrier level and the Carrier/Noise ratio.

5.14.3 Analogue TV: Measuring the FM deviation

The US TV EXPLORER II

analogue carrier in FM. This function allows visualizing frequency peak deviation for FM carrier signals.

Once this DESV FM measurement mode is activated will appear the following

information on screen:

0 50 75 100

FREQ: CH:

measures the deviation in frequency of any modulated

MHz876.70

LEVEL: C/N V/A:

FM DEV:»

Figure 26.- FM carrier peak deviation.

42.3

0.7

1.6 41

dBµV dB dB kHz

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On the screen appears the deviation peaks in order to observe if they are within a suitable range limit valid for both, the receiver and the transmitter in the transmitting system.

5.14.4 Analogue FM: Measuring the Level and demodulating signal

Press the Measurement Configuration

[17] key to accede to the

CONFIGURATION menu and turn the rotary selector [1] in order to select the analogue FM signal.

In the analogue FM measurement mode, the US TV EXPLORER II display

works like an analogue level indicator showing the signal level present in the input.

10 30 50 70 90 110 130 FREQ:

CH:

Figure 27.- FM analogue signal measurement

MHz103.80

» LEVEL: FM DEV:

56.653dBµV

kHz

The instrument also demodule the FM carrier (radio) and allows to listen sound

through the loudspeaker [33].

5.14.5 Analogue/Digital TV: Measuring the Carrier / Noise ratio (C/N)

The US TV EXPLORER II carries out C/N ratio measurement in four different

ways, according to the carrier type and the used band:

A) Terrestrial band, analogue carrier

Carrier level is measured using a quasi-peak detector (230 kHz BW). Noise level

is measured with an average detector and corrected to refer it to channel equivalent noise bandwidth (according to the definition of the selected standard).

B) Terrestrial band, digital carrier

Both measurements are done with an average detector (230 kHz) and the same

corrections are introduced on them (bandwidth corrections).

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C) Satellite band, analogue carrier

Carrier level is measured using a quasi-peak detector (4 MHz BW). Noise level is

measured with an average detector (230 kHz) and corrected to refer it to channel bandwidth.

D) Satellite band, digital carrier

Equivalent to case B but now using the 4 MHz BW filter.

On selecting the Carrier / Noise measurement mode the screen displays the

following information:

0 10 20 30 40

FREQ: CH:

S10

MHz168.25

LEVEL:

C/N

» V/A: FM DEV:

78.2

40.1

16.2

- - -

dBµV dB dB kHz

English

Figure 28.- Carrier-to-noise ratio measurement (C/N).

As well as the video carrier / noise level ratio (C/N) (40.1 dB in previous figure),

the frequency or channel (depending on the tuning mode selected) and the level of the video carrier and video/audio ratio are also shown. When representing the spectrum by

means of pressing

[13] key, the NOISE cursor is automatically positioned to a side

of the carrier tuned. That is, the cursor will indicate the point where the value of the noise is lower, whenever the C/N(AUTO) option is selected from the PREFERENCES

[22]

menu. If the C/N (MANUAL) option has been activated the frequency where

noise level will be measured will correspond to the position of the vertical discontinuous

green-colored cursor that appears in the spectrum graph

[13].

In order to modify this frequency, press the measurement configuration

[17] key, to accede to the CONFIGURATION menu. By turning the rotary selector

[1], locate the NOISE cursor on the position of the marker using

MARKER

noise frequency by means of

option (see section “5.16.1 Markers”) or directly enter the value of the new

NOISE FREQ option.

NOISE FREQ. TO

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

FREQ: C/N REF:

650.00 MHz

16.5 dB

43CH: SPAN: 32 MHz

Figure 29.- NOISE cursor. C/N (MANUAL).

When measuring channels in the satellite band or digital channels, to measure

the C/N ratio correctly, the bandwidth of the channel must be defined previously, using the Channel BW option on the Measurements Configuration menu that appears

when pressing

[17] key.

IMPORTANT REMARK

In order to measure digital channel C/N ratio it is indispensable to tune channel at its central frequency.

In the case of the presence of adjacent digital channels, these could mask the noise level measurement.

5.14.6 Digital TV: Measuring the Power of Digital Channels

The US TV EXPLORER II

filter bandwidth and estimates total channel power assuming that spectral density is uniform throughout channel bandwidth.

On selecting the CHANNEL POWER measurement mode, the screen displays

the following information:

measures digital channel power in the measurement

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

10 30 50 70 90 110 130

>21.3

MHz

FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

57.00

-3

A02

Figure 30.- Digital channel power measurement.

kHz

C/N: »

POWER: MER: SER: VBER:

55.8

19.5

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

dB dBµV dB

In addition to the power of the digital channel (55.8 dBµV in previous figure) this also shows the tuning frequency or channel, depending on the tuning mode selected, and the offset frequency to calculate the digital channel power.

In order that the power measurement of a DVB-S/S2 digital channel will be good it is essential to have previously defined the channel bandwidth using the Channel BW option, in the Measurements Configuration menu that appears when pressing

[17] key.

5.14.7 Digital TV: Measuring BER

The US TV EXPLORER II offers three ways to measure the bit error rate (BER) of digital signals depending on the type of used modulation.

To select the BER measurement mode:

English

1) Select digital signals Measurements Configuration pressing

[17] key.

2) Select by means of Signal option from CONFIGURATION menu: ITU-T J.83/B

for the measurement of QAM Annex-B modulated signals, DVB-C for the

measurement of QAM Annex-A modulated signals, ATSC for the measurement

of 8-VSB modulated signals or DVB-S/S2 or DSS for the measurement of

QPSK/8PSK modulated signals. Available frequency ranges are:

3) Enter the parameters relative to the digital signal which appear in the

measurement CONFIGURATION menu, as described previously.

4) Select the option to exit from measurements CONFIGURATION menu.

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5.14.7.1 ITU-T J.83/B signals

Once determined the parameters of QAM Annex-B signal, it will be possible to

measure BER, press the

[12] key until the BER measurement display appears.

In the BER measurement mode, the monitor will show a display like the following one:

-8 -7 TOV -5 -4 -3 -2

16.5

A13

MHz

C/N:

kHz

-3

POWER: MER: » BER:

FREQ:

CH:

Figure 31.- Screen of BER measurement of QAM Annex-B signals.

213.00

66.2

24.7

5.6E-7

dB dBµV dB

The BER measurement before error correction is shown: BER before FEC (Forward Error Correction).

In a digital reception system for cable signals, after the QAM Annex-B demodulator an error correction method called Reed-Solomon is applied (see following Figure). Obviously, the error rate after the corrector is lower to the error rate at the QAM Annex-B decoder output. This is the reason because this screen provides the BER measurement before FEC (Forward Error Correction).

BER before FEC

TUNER A/D

Figure 32.- Digital reception system via cable.

J.83/B QAM DEMOD.

REED-SOLOMON

The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation (i.e. 1.0 E-5 means

-5

that is to say one wrong bit of every 100000) and through an analogue bar (as

1.0x10 its length is smaller the signal quality will be better). The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale (not linear).

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5.14.7.2 DVB-C signals

Once determined the parameters of QAM signal, it will be possible to measure

BER, press the

[12] key until the BER measurement display appears.

In the BER measurement mode, the monitor will show a display like the following one:

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2 TS

Figure 33.- DVB-C (QAM) signals BER measurement screen.

650.00

-3

MHz

kHz

C/N: POWER: MER:

BER:»

16.5

66.2

24.7

3.4 E-4

dB dBµV dB

The BER measurement before error correction is shown: BER before FEC

(Forward Error Correction).

In a digital reception system for cable signals, after the QAM demodulator an error correction method called Reed-Solomon is applied (see following Figure). Obviously, the error rate after the corrector is lower to the error rate at the QAM decoder output. This is the reason because this screen provides the BER measurement before FEC (Forward Error Correction).

English

Figure 34.- Digital reception system via cable.

The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation (i.e. 1.0 E-5 means

-5

that is to say one wrong bit of every 100,000) and through an analogue bar (as

1.0x10 its length is smaller the signal quality will be better). The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale (not linear).

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With the aim to have a reference about the signal quality, it is considered that a system has a good quality when it decodes less than one non-correctable error for every transmission hour. This border is known as QEF (Quasi-Error-Free) and it corresponds approximately to a BER before FEC of 2.0E-4 BER (2.0x10

-4

, that is to say

two incorrect bits of every 10,000). This value is marked on the measurement bar of the BER and therefore, BER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark.

Below the BER analogue bar it is shown the tuned frequency (or channel) and the

frequency deviation in kHz between the tuned frequency and the one, which optimizes the BER (i.e. 800.00 MHz + 1.2 kHz). This deviation must be adjusted specially from the

C/N measurement in satellite band, by tuning again the channel in frequency mode

[24], to the lower reachable value.

For the purpose of having a reference in the quality of an image, the system quality is considered acceptable when It has less than one no-correctable error during an hour of transmission. This limit is called TOV and its approximately rate is 3*10E-6. This value has been indicated in the BER toolbar measurement. Therefore, an acceptable measure of the BER must be on the left of this limit in the BER toolbar.

Below the BER analogue bar it is shown the tuned frequency (or channel) and the

frequency deviation in kHz between the tuned frequency and the one which optimizes the BER (i.e. 800.00 MHz + 1.2 kHz). This deviation must be adjusted specially from the

C/N measurement in satellite band, by tuning again the channel in frequency mode

[24], to the lower reachable value.

5.14.7.3 ATSC signals

Once determined the parameters of 8-VSB signal, it will be possible to measure BER.

In a reception system of terrestrial digital signal, after the 8-VSB decoder two error correction methods are applied. Obviously, each time we apply an error corrector to the digital signal, the error rate changes, therefore if we measure the error rate at the output of the 8-VSB demodulator, at the output of the Viterbi decoder, and at the output of the Reed-Solomon decoder, we obtain nothing more than different error rates. The US TV EXPLORER II provides the BER after Viterbi (VBER).

MER BER after Viterbi SER

TUNER A/D

Page 58 01/2008

8-VSB DEMOD.

Figure 35.- 8-VSB reception system.

VITERBI REED-SOLOMON

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

-7 -6 -5 TOV -3 -2 -1

>21.3

MHz

FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation (i.e. 3.1 E-7 means

-7

3.1x10

Figure 36.- Screen of BER measurement 8-VSB signals. VBER

, that is to say 3.1 average value of wrong bits of each 10000000) and through

57.00

A02

-3

POWER: MER: SER:

VBER:»

C/N:

kHz

55.8

19.5

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

dB dBµV dB

a graphic bar (as its length is smaller the signal quality will be better). The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale (not linear), that is to say, the bar divisions correspond to the exponent of the measurement.

The BER measurement shown by default (when PRN-23 BER option from Preferences menu is set to OFF) yields an estimated value calculated using the MER measurement. In order to obtain a more accurate BER measurement value, the PRN-23 BER option from Preferences menu must be set to ON and a PRN-23 signal pattern must be used through the RF signal input [30].

If the input signal is like PRN-23 or a video signal, the BER and VBER measurement are considered as acceptable when BER/VBER ≤ 3*10E-6 and SER- ERR/s ≤ 2 being SER value the number of wrong packets taken as reference measurement.

A signal is considered acceptable when SER-ERR/s ≥ 20 dB. This border is know as TOV (Threshold Of Visibility) and it corresponds to an error rate after Viterbi of

3.0*10E-6 and a MER of 15 dB. This value is marked on the measurement bar of the SER and therefore, SER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark.

English

ERR.SEG/s >3

-8 -6 TOV -2 0

>21.3

MHz

FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

Figure 37.- Screen of SER measurement (8-VSB signals).

57.00

A02

-3

POWER: MER:

SER:

» VBER:

C/N:

kHz

55.8

19.5

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

dB dBµV dB

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Finally it is shown a status line with information about the detected signal. The

possible messages that can appear and its meaning are showing the following list. The messages are exposed from less to more fulfillment of the MPEG-2 standard:

No signal received No signal has been detected.

Timing recovered Only it is possible to recuperate the symbol time.

AFC in lock The system automatic frequency control can identify and lock a digital transmission (TDT) but its parameters can not be obtained. It can be due to a transitory situation previous to the TPS identification (Transmission Parameter Signaling) or well to a TDT transmission with an insufficient C/N ratio.

TPS in lock The TPS (Transmission Parameter Signaling) are decoded. The TPS are carriers containing information related to the transmission, modulation and codification: Modulation type, Viterbi Code Rate, and Number of the received frame.

MPEG-2 Correct detection of a MPEG-2 signal.

5.14.7.4 DVB-S/S2 and DSS signals

Once determined the parameters of QPSK signal, it will be possible to measure BER. Following is shown the BER measurement before the error corrections: BER before the FEC: CBER.

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 FREQ:

DL-Ku: CH:

MPEG-2 TS

Figure 38.- Screen of CBER measurement (QPSK signals).

1781.94

5037

12382.0

MHz

kHz

MHz

C/N: POWER: MER:

CBER:

» VBER:

0.2

51.5

10.9

9.7E-4

5.2E-8

dB dBµV dB

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In a digital reception system for satellite signals (DVB-S), after the QPSK decoder

two different correction methods are applied (see following Figure). Obviously, each time we apply an error corrector to a digital signal, the error rate changes, therefore if we measure in a digital satellite television system, for example, the error rate at the output of the QPSK demodulator, at the output of the Viterbi decoder, and at the output of the Reed-Solomon decoder, we obtain nothing more than different error rates. This is the reason because the BER measurement is provided before FEC (CBER) and after

Viterbi (VBER).

Figure 39- Digital reception system via satellite. (DVB-S).

-8 -7 -6 -5 QEF -3

5037

MHz

kHz

MHz

POTEN.: MER: CBER:

VBER:»

FREC:

DL-Ku: CAN:

MPEG-2 TS

1781.94

12382.0

Figure 40.- DVB-S (QPSK) signals VBER measurement screen.

C/N:

0.2

51.5

10.9

9.7E-4

5.2E-8

dB dBµV dB

In a digital reception system for satellite signals (DVB-S2), after the QPSK/8PSK

decoder other two different correction methods are applied (see following Figure). In this case, as the previous one, each time we apply an error corrector to a digital signal, the error rate changes, therefore if we measure in a digital satellite television system, for example, the error rate at the output of the QPSK/8PSK demodulator, at the output of the Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) decoder, and at the output of the BCH decoder, we obtain nothing more than different error rates. This is the reason because the BER measurement is provided after LDPC (LBER). Also stating the Packet Error Ratio (PER) as packets non-correctable received by the demodulator during the measurement elapsed time.

English

Figure 41.- Digital reception system via satellite. (DVB-S2).

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PER: 0

FREC:

DL-Ku: CAN:

MPEG-2 TS

2121.97

12722.0

Figure 42.- DVB-S2 (QPSK/8PSK) signals LBER measurement screen.

ELAPSED TIME: 00:00:05

MHz

C/N:

kHz

MHz

POTEN.: MER: CBER:

BER:» L

-1657

119

16.1

69.8

12.6

1.1E-1

2.7E-7

dB dBµV dB

The DSS (Direct Satellite System) is a video and audio distribution system to

broadcast digital TV over Ku-Band and C-Band. The DSS utilizes QPSK modulation, with 127-byte packets and the Viterbi and Reed-Solomon algorithms for error detection and correction, with variable FEC rate to squeeze the maximum available bandwidth out of each satellite transponder. The DSS systems typically utilize a video encoding scheme very similar to, but not compatible with, the final MPEG-2 standard.

The DSS is a type of DBS (Direct Broadcast Satellite) system, which are also

referred to as mini-dish systems, because they use smaller (18") dishes than the previous generation of C Band systems.

-8 -7 -6 -5 QEF -4 -3 FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

1936.01

---

11686.0

Figure 43.- Screen of VBER measurement (DSS signals).

MHz

kHz

MHz

C/N: POWER: MER: CBER:

VBER:»

0.2

51.5

10.9

9.7E-4

5.2E-8

dB dBµV dB

The BER measurement is provided in scientific notation (i.e. 2.0 E-3 means

-3

, that is to say two incorrect bits of every 1000) and through an analogue bar (as

2.0x10 its length is smaller the signal quality will be better). The analogue representation is done on a logarithmic scale (not linear).

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With the aim to have a reference about the signal quality, it is considered that a

system has a good quality when it decodes less than one non-correctable error for every transmission hour. This border is known as QEF (Quasi-Error-Free) and it

corresponds approximately to a BER after Viterbi of 2.0E-4 BER (2.0x10 is marked on the measurement bar of the BER after Viterbi and therefore, BER for acceptable signals must be at the left side of this mark.

Next it is shown the tuning frequency and the frequency deviation in MHz

between the tuned frequency and the one which optimizes the BER ( i.e. Freq: 1777.0 + 1.2 MHz).

Finally it is shown a status line with information about the detected signal. The

possible messages that can appear and its meaning are shown in the following list. The messages are exposed from less to more fulfillment of the MPEG-2 standard:

No signal received Any signal has been detected.

Signal received A signal is detected but it can not be decoded.

Carrier recovered A digital carrier has been detected but it can not be decoded.

Viterbi synchronized

A digital carrier has been detected and the Viterbi algorithm is synchronized, but too many frames arrive with non correctable errors. It is not possible to quantify the BER.

MPEG-2

Correct detection of a MPEG-2 signal.

-4

). This value

5.14.8 Digital TV: Measuring MER

Once determined the suitable parameters for 8-VSB, QAM Annex-A ,QAM

Annex-B or QPSK/8QPSK signal reception, it will be possible to measure MER, press

English

[12] key until it appears the MER measurement screen.

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NM: 8.4 dB

0 10 20 30 40

FREQ:

CH:

MPEG-2

Figure 44.- Screen of MER measurement of ATSC (8-VSB) signals.

57.00

-3

A02

MHz

kHz

C/N: POWER:

MER:

» SER: VBER:

>21.3

55.8

19.5

dB dBµV dB

1.0E-5

1.0E-8

First of all, you will see the modulation error ratio measurement: MER.

Following, it appears the Noise Margin (NM) measurement (in the figure value

8.4 dB). It indicates a safety available margin according to the MER level measured that allows signal degradation until arriving to the TOV (Threshold of Visibility) or QEF (quasi error free) limit value.

Analogue and digital carriers are very different in terms of signal contents and

power distribution over the channel. They, therefore, need to be measured differently. The modulation error ratio (MER), used in digital systems is similar to the Signal/Noise (S/N) ratio in analogue systems.

The MER represents the relation between the average power of ATSC signal and

the average power of noise present in the constellation of the signals.

By example, 8-VSB demodulators require a MER greater than 15 dB to work. Though it is preferable to have at least a 3 or 4 dB margin to compensate for any possible degradation of the system. While QAM Annex-B 64 demodulators require a MER greater than 21 dB or QAM Annex-B 256 greater than 28 dB with margins of at least 3 dB. Normally, the maximum MER value seen in portable analyzers is of approximately 34 dB.

Finally it is shown a status line, which displays information about the detected signal.

5.15 Constellation Diagram

The constellation diagram is a graphic representation, called I-Q, of the digital symbols received over a period of time.

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There are different types of constellation diagrams for the different modulation modes. With the US TV EXPLORER II it is possible to display constellations for DVB-S and DVB-S2 e ITU-T 1.83/B signals.

In the case of an ideal transmission channel, free of noise and interferences, all symbols are recognized by the demodulator without mistakes. In this case, they are represented in the constellation diagram as well defined points hitting in the same area forming a clear dot.

Noise and impairments cause the demodulator to not always read the symbols correctly. In this case the hits disperse and create different shapes that at the end will allow to determine at a glance the type of noise in the signal.

Every modulation type is represented differently. A QPSK signal is represented on the screen by a total of four different zones and a 8PSK is represented by a total of eight different zones and so on.

The constellation shows in different colors the density of hits and includes zooming, scrolling and clearing functions for a better graph representation on screen.

5.15.1 ITU-T J.83/B (QAM-Annex B) signal

English

Go to the UTILITIES menu by pressing the

[22] key, and then select the

CONSTELLATION option.

For example the modulation type: ITU-T J.83/B is showed on screen. Next, the frequency and channel number corresponding to the channel plan selected as well as the satellite downlink frequency. Finally, the satellite name and orbital position are stated.

MODULATION:

F: CH: 61

MPEG-2 ITU-T J.83/B

Figure 45.- Constellation Diagram. MPEG-2 TS ITU-T J.83/B.

MHz794.00

DECAY: 16

CLEARZOOM:x1

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The US TV EXPLORER II also includes, a ZOOM function to enlarge graphic representation over one single quadrant. Select the SCROLL option to move the focus

over the whole viewing area using arrow cursors

[6] key, CLEAR option to reset

the graph screen or SHARP option to increase the image clearness over a range from 0 (minimum visual persistence) to 16 (maximum visual persistence).

NOTE

The transmission quality is visualized in a qualitative way using a colour range for the symbol density concentrated in a certain area. This colour coding goes from black (no symbols) to red (maximum density), and runs from blue to yelllow in ascending order.

A greater dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal quality.

If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier/noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise, etc.,.

5.15.2 DVB-C (QAM) signal

Sets on the UTILITIES menu by pressing the CONSTELLATION option.

On screen appears the modulation type: DVB-C (256 QAM). Also the frequency and channel number are indicated. Finally, it shows the type of DVB-C broadcast network used.

[22] key, and select the

Figure 46.- Constellation diagram. DVB-C (QAM 256) signal.

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NOTE

The transmission quality is visualized in a qualitative way using a color range for the symbol density concentrated in a certain area. This color coding goes from black (no symbols) to red (maximum density), and runs from blue to yellow in ascending order.

A greater dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal quality.

If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier/noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise, etc.,.

5.15.3 DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) signal

Go to the UTILITIES menu by pressing the CONSTELLATION option.

The modulation type: DVB-S (QPSK) or DVB-S2 (8PSK) is showed on screen. Next, the frequency and channel number corresponding to the channel plan selected as well as the satellite downlink frequency. Finally, the satellite name and orbital position are stated.

[22] key, and then select the

English

Figure 47.- Constellation Diagram. DVB-S (QPSK) signal.

The US TV EXPLORER II also includes, a ZOOM function to enlarge graphic representation over one single quadrant. Select the SCROLL option to move the focus

over the whole viewing area using arrow cursors

[6] key, CLEAR option to reset

the graph screen or SHARP option to increase the image clearness over a range from 0 (minimum visual persistence) to 16 (maximum visual persistence).

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When selecting a constellation diagram for DVB-S2 signals, on screen will appear the following information:

Figure 48.- Constellation Diagram. DVB-S2 (8PSK) signal.

NOTE

A greater dispersion of the symbols indicates greater level of noise or worse signal quality.

If concentration of symbols or noise appears is indicative of good carrier/noise ratio or absence of problems as phase noise, etc.,.

5.15.3.1 Zoom, scroll and erasing functions

The TV EXPLORER II / II+ also includes, a ZOOM function to enlarge graphic representation over one single quadrant. Select the SCROLL option to move the focus

over the whole viewing area using arrow cursors the graph screen or SHARP option to increase the image clearness.

[6] key, CLEAR option to reset

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MODULATION:

DVB-T/H (64 QAM)

DESPLAZAR: PULSAR ENCODER

MPEG-2 TS DVB-T

Figure 49.- Zoom x2 constellation diagram.

F: CH: CARRIER: TYPE: data

MHz794.00

DECAY: 16

CLEARZOOM:x2

5.16 Spectrum Analyzer

The Spectrum Analyzer mode allows the user to discover the signals present in the frequency band in quickly and easily and to make measurements at the same time.

To select it press the next figure.

The horizontal lines define the signal level, the broken lines being separated a distance equals to 10 dB. The level of the top line (70 dBµV in previous figure), named

[13] key. The monitor will show a picture like the one described in

43CH: SPAN: 32 MHz

Figure 50.- Spectrum analyzer mode.

FREQ: POWER:

650.00 MHz

65.6 dBµV

English

Reference Level, can be altered using the vertical cursors

[6] key over a range from 60 dBµV to 130 dBµV by steps (from 70 dBµV to 130 dBµV in satellite band). The vertical measurement range changes to 5 dB/div by holding pressed the lower arrow cursor key

[6] and changes to 10 dB/div by holding pressed the upper arrow cursor key

[6].

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The signal level for each frequency is displayed vertically, the lower frequencies appear at the left of the screen and the higher ones at the right. The amplitude of the lobes is calibrated. In the example in previous figure the noise level is at around 25 dBµV and the lobe with the highest signal level (third from the right) is at 70 dBµV.

In the case that the equipment detects saturation on RF input due to an excess of

signal, it will appear the icon the TV mode to indicate this situation. The user must increase the Reference Level in order to activate an additional attenuator and to avoid the input saturation.

The frequency range displayed (called span from hereon) can also be altered

in the Spectrum Analyzer mode and the icon in

using the horizontal cursors screen frequency range in Spectrum Analyzer mode between Full (the entire band), 500 MHz, 200 MHz, 100 MHz, 50 MHz, 32 MHz, 16 MHz and 8 MHz (the latter one only in terrestrial band).

A vertical broken line, called marker, appears on the spectrum display to identify the tuned frequency.

One of the applications of the US TV EXPLORER II operating as Spectrum Analyzer is in the search for the best orientation and position of the receiving antenna. This is particularly important in UHF. Because such frequencies are involved, with wavelengths ranging from 35 cm to 65 cm, if the antenna is shifted only a few centimeters, the relationship between the picture, chrominance and sound carrier frequencies change, affecting the quality of the picture in the receiver.

If there is an excess of sound carrier, tearing or 'moiré' may appear on the screen due to the frequency beats between the sound, chrominance and the picture frequencies.

If there is a chrominance carrier defect, then the television color amplifier must function at maximum gain, which could result in noise appearing all over the television screen with points of color that disappear when the saturation control is reduced; in an extreme case, loss of color may occur.

[6] key. Therefore enables selecting the displayed

5.16.1 Markers

(Only in Spectrum Analyzer mode). The marker in red color indicates the central frequency or tuning frequency, which can be moved by means of turning the rotary

selector [1] as well in channel as in frequency tuning mode

When monitoring a digital signal spectrum also appears two additional markers in white color, which indicate the bandwidth of the digital channel (See previous Figure).

[24].

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If the highlighted measurement which appears on the measurement screen corresponds to C/N, the Spectrum Analyzer mode will measure the C/N ratio at the frequency indicated by the marker and a second marker will indicate the frequency for the noise measurement.

5.17 Screen capture

The user can capture and save different screens in a file, with the aim to process them later. The screens, which can be captured, are the following ones (available according to the model):

1. Constellation Diagram

2. Spectrum analyzer

In order to save a screen, accede through the function or operating mode to the

English

Utilities menu option, later introduce by means of the alphanumeric keyboard [8] the file name of the screen to be captured, and finally confirm it by pressing again the rotary selector [1].

[22] and select by means of the rotary selector [1] the Save as:

5.17.1 Recall screen

Accede to the Utilities menu [22] and select one of the following options according to the type of capture that has been carried out:

contains the names of the stored files. Select one using the rotary selector [1] or press

EXIT.

1. Recall Constellation Recall a constellation diagram. (DVB-S/S2, QAM-A, QAM-B)

2. Recall Spectrum Recall a frequency spectrum graph.

When trying an option by means of the rotary selector [1] it appears a menu that

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5.17.2 Delete capture

Also it is possible to delete the stored screens. For it, accede to the Utilities

[22] and after activating this function, select one of the following options

according to the model and type of capture that has been done:

1. constell/ Deletes a constellation diagram.

2. sp/ Deletes a frequency spectrum.

When pressing with the rotary selector [1] over the option will appear a menu that

contains the names of the stored files. Select one by means of the rotary selector [1] or press EXIT.

5.18 TV Operating Mode

When pressing the

EXPLORER II accedes to the TV mode, and tries to demodules on the monitor the currently video signal on tune.

In the monitor will appear the TV picture with a window on the lower part to show, for five seconds, in the case that the signal is analogue, the channel number, the frequency, the active canalization, the color system and the TV standard.

[2] key from any mode of operation the US TV

CHANNEL: FCC FR:

Figure 51.- Analogue channel monitoring.

MHz471.25

60 Hz

NTSC M

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NOTE: The symbol in the upper corner of the screen indicates that the

instrument has detected a saturation condition for analogue signals in the currently channel on tune. This symbol also appears, when the color subcarrier signal (Burst) does not contain information and therefore the images are shown in black and white.

If it is a digital television signal (DTV) on screen appears, for about some seconds, the following parameters: channel number or satellite name, frequency, active channel plan and satellite downlink frequency. The following data box shows the video data: type of video coding (MPEG-2 or MPEG-4), video bit rate, video program identifier (VPID) and the TS identifier (TSID). One other data box contains audio information: type of audio coding (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 or AC-3), audio bit rate, audio program identifier (APID) and language (e.g. en). The last box located in the same column shows the network data: network name and/or satellite orbital position, service name, netwok identifier (NID) and service identifier (SID).

On the left column appears the type of DVB signal, a window showing the signal decoded and finally a data box stating if the emission is encrypted or free (SCRAMB or FREE), when the service supports interactive TV (MHP, i.e. Multimedia Home Platform).

8-VSB

DTV

OSD: ON

(FREE)

Figure 52.- Digital channel monitoring.

FCC

181.25

F: VIDEO:

MPEG-2 MP@ML 720x480i 4:3 VPID:

AUDIO: AC-3

PID:

NETW.:

- - -

TV 1

NID:

C: MHz

4004kb/s

111TSID: 97

112LANGUAGE: en

12674

192kb/s

A08

25Hz

801SID:

English

When pressing the cursor arrow

window again, in order to fix on screen this window the vertical cursors

[6] key will appear the tuning information

[6] key must be pressed up to select the OSD:OFF field, so press rotary selector [1] to switch to OSD:ON.

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Also the standard MPEG-2 profile is indicated which determines the compression

rate for the digital service decodified, the aspect ratio (4:3), the resolution (horizontal x vertical) for received video and the picture refreshment frequency rate. In the (OSD:OFF) mode the information window previously described will appear whenever the rotary selector is pressed again [1].

When a digital channel is decodified, once the Table of Services SDT (Service

Description Table) acquisition is completed, is possible to accede to the list of services contained in the Table.

For it place the field selector, by means of the vertical cursors

[6] key, on the field of the active service (e.g. VISTA TV in the following figure) and later press the rotary selector [1].

The DIGITAL SERVICES menu will appear then with the services available in the

digital Multiplex. Move the vertical cursors

[6] key or turn the rotary selector [1]

and press it to select the service to visualize on screen.

8-VSB

DTV

OSD: ON

(FREE)

Figure 53.- Digital channel monitoring. Digital services.

FCC

181.25

DIGITAL SERVICES

VIDEO:

(*)Boom/TCM/TBS

MPEG-2

(*)1.068 Space-Ar

MP@ML 720x480i 4:3

(*)Cartoon Networ

VPID:

CNN Int.-CNN

AUDIO:

VISTA TV

AC-3

(*)TCM-TBS

PID:

(*)TCM-TBS

NETW.:

(*)DATASYS_68-DT

- - -

(*)TVBS-Chinese C

TV 1

EXIT

NID:

C: MHz

4004kb/s

111TSID: 97

112LANGUAGE: en

12674

192kb/s

A08

25Hz

801SID:

Also is possible to change the active service directly acting through the horizontal

cursors

[6] once has selected the field of the service from information window of

the currently tuned channel.

On the US TV EXPLORER II screen always the image is visualized according to

the option selected from the Video format function in the Measurement Configuration

[17] menu and also according to the instrument display features, that is to say, the

format conversions are based on a TFT with 16:9 aspect ratio.

Through the Scart connector [35] output and for digital signals, it will obtain a

video signal according to the format selected by the users (see the following table).

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SCART CONNECTOR

4:3 (original)

16:9 (original)

ORIGINAL

VIDEO

4:3

16:9

SELECTED

FORMAT

4:3

16:9

4:3

16:9

ANALOGUE MODE

US TV EXPLORER II

SCREEN

PILLAR BOX

FULL SCREEN

PILLAR BOX

FULL SCREEN

DIGITAL MODE

ORIGINAL

VIDEO

4:3

16:9

SELECTED

FORMAT

4:3

16:9

4:3

16:9

Table 4.- Selecting the screen and SCART video format.

US TV EXPLORER II

SCREEN

PILLAR BOX

FULL SCREEN

PILLAR BOX

FULL SCREEN

SCART CONNECTOR

Scaling 4:3 in 16:9 TFT

4:3 (Original)

(Do not select)

16:9 (Original)

Therefore, if the original video signal shows 4:3 format and a 4:3-video format is selected for the instrument screen, will appear a PILLAR BOX format and if the 16:9 video format is selected will appear a FULL SCREEN format.

NOTE:

In order to obtain the video signal in the original format through the Scart connector, the 16:9 format must be selected from the Measurements

English

Configuration

01/2008 Page 75

[17] menu.

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

5.18.1 Recording and playing video streams

When the display visualises a digital channel with the tuning information (see

previous section). Press the UTILITIES sequence.

[22] key to record or to reproduce a video

In order to record the channel on tune, press the UTILITIES [22] key and select the option PVR Recording by means of the rotary selector [1]. On the picture will

appear the

icon, stating that the channel is being recorded.

8-VSB

DTV (FREE)

OSD: ON

Figure 54.- Digital channel recording.

RECORDING SIZE

VIDEO: MPEG-2

MP@ML 720x480i 4:3

111TSID: 97

VPID: AUDIO:

AC-3

112LANGUAGE: en

PID:

NETW.:

- - -

TV 1

12674

NID:

00:00:22

12.6 4.0

MB Mb/s

4004kb/s

192kb/s

25Hz

801SID:

On screen appears the duration of the recorded sequence, the size that occupies

in the internal memory and the transport stream rate. In order to stop the recording

press the UTILITIES

[22] and select the option Stop recording.

In order to play the previously recorded sequence, press the UTILITIES [22]

and select the PVR Playback option using the rotary selector [1]. In the image it will appear an icon indicating that the video is being played

, the option can be stopped

the sequence selecting Pause Playing. When is completed, on screen appears the pause icon. Select the Stop Playing option to back to the tuned channel viewing.

5.19 Antenna Alignment Function

It allows executing the function Antenna Alignment to align antennas using a

faster sweep without display of numerical measures. The display appears divided in two parts, the left one shows the spectrum of the signals detected in the band and on the right two analogue bars represents the level of signal corresponding to the tuned frequency or channel. The left bar shows the peak value with a certain persistence. The right bar shows a filtered average value.

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100

FR:

755.00 MHz

61CH: SPAN: 50 MHz

Figure 55.- Utility for antenna alignment.

Simultaneously the instrument emits by means of the loudspeaker an acoustic

tone, which varies according to the level of received signal.

5.20 DiSEqC Command Generator

between the satellite receiver and the accessories of the installation (switches, LNBs, etc.) proposed by Eutelsat, with the aim to standardize the diversity of switching protocols (13 - 18 V, 22 kHz) and to satisfy the demands of the digital TV installations.

DiSEqC key [21] on frontal panel. It allows to define the satellite band configuration parameters and select through SEND function one of the eight predefined programs which execute basic functions to control an universal switch with two or four inputs, by means of the rotary selector [1].

DiSEqC

('Digital Satellite Equipment Control') is a communication protocol

In order to define and/or to send a sequence of DiSEqC commands, press the

DiSEqC

» POLARIZATION » SAT BAND » SEND

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

FREQ: DL-Ku: CH:

COMMANDS

1300.02

SATCR

11900.0

EXIT

MHz MHz

HORIZ/LEFT

POSITION A/B A

» LEVEL: C/N:

HIGH

30.0

7.6

dBµV dB

English

Figure 56.- DiSEqC command screen.

DiSEqC

is a trademark of EUTELSAT.

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Whenever a DiSEqC program is sent, the commands that correspond to the equipment status in relation to the Horizontal or Vertical polarization and High or Low frequency band are also sent. This allows assuring that the installation status is the one indicated by the equipment.

The COMMANDS option from DiSEqC menu allows to execute any of the following commands:

CHARACTER COMMAND ASSOCIATED PARAMETER

POWER ---

General

Non-assigned Switch

Assigned Switch

Positioner

RESET --STANDBY --SAT A/B A / B SWITCH 1 A / B SWITCH 2 A / B SWITCH 3 A / B SWITCH 4 A / B POSITION A/B A / B SWITCH OPTION A/B A / B DISABLE LIMITS --ENABLE LIMITS --LIMIT EAST --LIMIT WEST --DRIVE EAST SEC. 1 to 127 DRIVE EAST STEPS 1 to 127 DRIVE WEST SEC. 1 to 127 DRIVE WEST STEPS 1 to 127 GOTO POSITION 1 to 255 HALT --STORE POSITION 1 to 255 RECALCULATE 1 to 255

Table 5.- Available DiSEqC commands.

When selecting the COMMANDS option in the Spectrum Analyzer mode

[13] in the screen will appear a dynamic execution line in order to use with the

positioner commands: DRIVE EAST / WEST. This allows to carry out a fine adjustment in steps or in seconds to aim the antenna through the rotary selector [1].

DRIVE EAST (STEPS)

CH:

12108.1

Figure 57.- DiSEqC commands: DRIVE.

FREQ.: POWER:

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1508.80 MHz

SPAN:

64.4 dB

200 MHz

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

Press the DiSEqC key [21] on frontal panel in order to quit the commands execution mode and to locate the mark cursor on the frequency or channel.

5.21 SATCR function

By means of SatCR function it is possible to control the devices of a TV installation satellite that are compatible with the SatCR Router), which allows to concentrate manifold down frequencies (slots) by an only cable. By this way each user using a slot can tune and decode any signal present in the satellite.

In order to select the SatCR function, press the DiSEqC key [21] from frontal panel, and using the rotary selector [1] activate the SATCR option. In the display are the configuration options that users can modify: slot selection, number of slots, device address, frequency step, pilot signal activation, and finally the frequencies corresponding to each slot.

SATCR

DiSEqC

» SELECTED SLOT:

» NUMBER OF SLOTS:

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

FREQ: DL-Ku: CH:

» ADDRESS:

1300.02

» STEP:

11900.0

» ENABLE PILOTS:

» SLOT 1: » SLOT 2: EXIT

MHz MHz

» LEVEL: C/N:

technology (Satellite Channel

2 0

30.0

dBµV

1 MHz

7.6

950.05 MHz

1419.96 MHz

OFF

English

Figure 58- SatCR command screen.

When activating the Enable Pilots option, the SatCR device located in the headend emits a pilot signal with constant level for each down frequency (slot). This function facilitates the verification and identification for different satellite channels that are available in the installation. The SatCR technology is being developed and tested in many countries.

5.22 Using the alphanumeric keyboard

In order to enter numerical data or text the built in alphanumeric keyboard must be used. Many keys incorporate a number and several letters like the telephone keypad.

SatCR is a trademark of STMicroelectronics.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

1) Entering numerical data: (e.g.: a channel frequency).

Press the key corresponding to the digit that you wish to enter (from the 0 to

the 9). When pressing the decimal point key

[17] it enters the character

point and later the equipment allows entering two more digits. In order to

introduce a negative number first press the key

[24] until the sign -

appears.

In order to erase a digit move with the cursor horizontal arrow keys

placing the cursor behind the digit that is desired to erase and next keep key [17] pressed until the digit disappears. Repeat the operation by each additional digit you wish to eliminate.

2) Entering alphanumeric data: (e.g.: a channel plan name).

Press the corresponding key of the keyboard [8] letter or digit to be entered.

The word to be entered can be written by pressing each key. The keys must be pressed, two seconds before and for a suitable number of times, until it appears the expected letter or digit on screen. In order to switch between

small letters to capital letters and vice versa, first press the

NOTE: Press the upper arrow cursor key

[6] to cancel any data entry through the

keyboard.

When maintaining pressed a numerical key in text mode, the corresponding number is directly entered.

[6]

key [25].

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

6 DESCRIPTION OF THE INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

6.1 RF input

The RF input is through the RF [30] connector on the side panel. The peak signal level should never exceed 130 dBµV.

6.2 USB port

The US TV EXPLORER II incorporates an USB port, which enables the communication with a PC, and to download dataloggers and channel plans.

Figure 59.- Rear panel USB connector. External view.

6.3 Scart (DIN EN 50049)

English

Figure 60.- Scart socket (external view).

Also known as PERITEL connector (in conformity with standard NF-C92250). The signals in this connector are the following:

PIN number SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS

1 Right channel audio output 2 Right channel audio input 3 Left channel audio output 4 Audio grounding 5 Blue grounding (B) 6 Left channel audio input 7 Blue output (B) 8 Switching voltage 9 Green grounding (G) 10 Digital bus interface (not connected) 11 Green output (G) 12 Digital bus interface (not connected) 13 Red grounding (R) 14 Digital bus reserved (not connected) 15 Red output (R) 16 Blanked signal (not connected) 17 Composite video grounding 18 Blanked return (not connected) 19 Composite video output 20 Video input 21 Connector shield grounding

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Table 6.- Description of the Scart.

USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

NOTE: In order to select the SCART connector operation mode between: video

Input or video Output, from the TV visualization mode [10] in terrestrial

band, follow the following steps:

1) Select the Measurement Configuration menu by pressing the

[17] key and verify that the type of signal selected is ANALOGUE.

2) Select the suitable operation mode for the SCART by means of the Video/Aud Ext option in this menu.

6.4 RCA adapter

Red YellowWhite

Figure 61.- RCA socket (external view).

The signals in this connector are the following:

Plug color SIGNAL YELLOW Video input/output

RED Right channel audio input/output WHITE Left channel audio input/output

Table 7.- Description of the RCA connector.

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USER’S MANUAL. US TV EXPLORER II

7 MAINTENANCE

7.1 Considerations about the Screen.

This paragraph offers key considerations regarding the use of the color screen,

taken from the specifications of the manufacturer.

In the TFT display, the user may find pixels that do not light up or pixels that are permanently lit. This should not be regarded as a defect in the TFT. In accordance with the manufacturer quality standard, 9 pixels with these characteristics are considered admissible.

Pixels which are not detected when the distance from the surface of the TFT screen to the human eye is greater than 35 cm, with a viewing angle of 90° between the eye and the screen should not be considered manufacturing defects either.

It is advisable a viewing angle of 15° in the 6.00 o’clock direction in order to obtain the optimum visualization of the screen.

7.2 Cleaning Recommendations

CAUTION

To clean the cover, take care the instrument is disconnected.

CAUTION

Do not use scented hydrocarbons or chlorized solvents. Such products may attack the plastics used in the construction of the cover.

The cover should be cleaned by means of a light solution of detergent and

water applied with a soft cloth.

Dry thoroughly before using the system again.

CAUTION

Do not use for the cleaning of the front panel and particularly the viewfinders, alcohol or its derivatives, these products can attack the mechanical properties of the materials and diminish their useful time of life.

Ver. 1.23: 1st Edition

English

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II.

ÍNDICE

1 GENERALIDADES ....................................................................................................1

1.1 Descripción..........................................................................................................1

1.2 Especificaciones..................................................................................................4

PRESCRIPCIONES DE SEGURIDAD .................................................................... 11

2.1 Generales ..........................................................................................................11

2.2 Ejemplos Descriptivos de las Categorías de Sobretensión. ............................. 13

INSTALACIÓN.........................................................................................................15

3.1 Alimentación ......................................................................................................15

3.1.1 Funcionamiento mediante alimentador DC Externo ...................................15

3.1.2 Funcionamiento mediante Batería..............................................................15

3.1.2.1 Carga de la Batería............................................................................16

3.2 Instalación y Puesta en Marcha ........................................................................16

GUIA RÁPIDA DE UTILIZACIÓN ............................................................................17

INSTRUCCIONES DE UTILIZACIÓN...................................................................... 21

5.1 Descripción de los Mandos y Elementos .......................................................... 21

5.2 Ajuste de los Parámetros del Monitor y del Volumen........................................ 30

5.3 Selección del Modo de Operación: TV / Analizador de Espectros / Medidas... 31

5.4 Sintonía por Canal / Sintonía por Frecuencia ...................................................31

5.5 Búsqueda Automática de Emisoras. .................................................................32

5.6 Selección de la configuración de medida: señal Analógica / Digital.................32

5.7 Alimentación de las Unidades Exteriores..........................................................32

5.8 Función de Identificación Automática de señales (AUTO ID)...........................33

5.9 Listas de canales...............................................................................................35

5.10 Función Adquisición (Adquisición Datos) ..........................................................37

5.10.1 Adquisiciones para Test de Atenuación y prueba FI SAT ..........................38

5.11 Comprobación de redes de distribución............................................................39

5.12 Función de Exploración del espectro (EXPLORER).........................................41

5.13 Configuración de las Medidas ...........................................................................42

5.13.1 Configuración de un Canal Digital DVB-C (QAM-A) ...................................42

5.13.2 Configuración de un Canal Digital ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B)............... 43

5.13.3 Configuración de un Canal Digital ATSC (8-VSB) ......................................44

5.13.4 Configuración de un Canal Digital DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) .....................44

5.13.5 Configuración de un Canal Digital DSS (QPSK)......................................... 46

5.14 Selección de las Medidas..................................................................................48

5.14.1 TV analógica: Medida del NIVEL de la portadora de vídeo ........................50

5.14.2 TV analógica: Medida de la Relación Vídeo / Audio (V/A) ......................... 51

5.14.3 TV analógica: Medida de la desviación FM ................................................ 52

5.14.4 FM analógica: Medida de nivel y desmodulación de señal ........................52

5.14.5 TV analógica / digital: Medida de la Relación Portadora / Ruido (C/N) ............... 53

MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

5.15 Diagrama de Constelación ................................................................................66

5.16 Analizador de Espectros ................................................................................... 70

5.17 Capturar pantallas .............................................................................................72

5.18 Visualización de la señal de vídeo ....................................................................73

5.19 Función Alinear Antenas ...................................................................................78

5.20 Generador de Comandos DiSEqC.................................................................... 79

5.21 Función SATCR ................................................................................................ 81

5.22 Utilización del teclado alfanumérico.................................................................. 81

DESCRIPCIÓN DE ENTRADAS Y SALIDAS .........................................................83

6.1 Entrada de RF ...................................................................................................83

6.2 Puerto USB ....................................................................................................... 83

6.3 Euroconector (DIN EN 50049) .......................................................................... 83

6.4 Adaptador RCA .................................................................................................84

MANTENIMIENTO................................................................................................... 85

7.1 Consideraciones sobre el monitor TFT.............................................................85

7.2 Recomendaciones de Limpieza ........................................................................85

TV digital: Medida de Potencia de un Canal (Potencia) .............................55

5.14.6

5.14.7 TV digital: Medida del BER.........................................................................56

5.14.7.1 Señales ITU-T J.83/B.........................................................................57

5.14.7.2 Señales DVB-C .................................................................................. 58

5.14.7.3 Señales ATSC.................................................................................... 59

5.14.7.4 Señales DVB-S/S2 y DSS ................................................................. 62

5.14.8 TV Digital: Medida del MER........................................................................65

5.15.1 Señales ITU-T J.83/B(QAM-B) ...................................................................66

5.15.2 Señal DVB-C (QAM) ...................................................................................67

5.15.3 Señales DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK) ..............................................................68

5.15.3.1 Funciones de zoom, scroll y borrado ................................................70

5.16.1 Marcadores .................................................................................................72

5.17.1 Recuperar pantallas capturadas .................................................................73

5.17.2 Borrar pantallas capturadas........................................................................73

5.18.1 Grabación y reproducción de secuencias de vídeo....................................77

MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

EXPLORADOR US DE TV

US TV EXPLORER II

1 GENERALIDADES

1.1 Descripción

El explorador de televisión US TV EXPLORER II representa un paso evolutivo respecto a los medidores de campo tradicionales. PROMAX continua innovando en el sector de los medidores de campo presentando un equipo que cambia la forma de hacer y entender las medidas de las señales de televisión.

Este equipo incorpora importantes avances tanto en los aspectos funcionales como en la ergonomía para permitir a los instaladores realizar su trabajo con la máxima comodidad y rapidez. A la vez el instrumento resulta fiable ante cualquier posible problema de la señal de entrada, en los componentes de distribución o en los equipos de recepción.

El US TV EXPLORER II ha sido diseñado para satisfacer todas las necesidades de medida durante la transición de las transmisiones analógicas a las digitales en sistemas terrestres, satélites y por cable. Permitiendo realizar medidas de señales tanto analógicas como digitales. Al activar la función de identificación automática, pulsando una sola tecla, el equipo trata de identificar la señal bajo prueba. Primero averigua si se trata de un canal analógico o digital. Si es digital (ATSC, ITU-T J.83/B, DVB-C, DVB-S/S2, DSS), analiza para cada tipo de modulación 8-VSB / QAM

/ QAM ANNEX-B / QPSK / 8PSK todos los parámetros asociados: velocidad de

símbolo, code rate, etc.,. y determina los valores en la señal bajo prueba.

El margen de frecuencias cubiertas le convierten en un instrumento excelente para aplicaciones en Radio FM, TV terrestre, TV móvil, TV satélite y TV por cable (donde el margen de sintonía de sub-banda, de 5 a 45 MHz, permite realizar tests en el canal de retorno).

ANNEX-

Trademark of the DVB - Digital Video Broadcasting Project (4914).

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

El US TV EXPLORER II se adapta a los parámetros propios del estándar y al sistema automáticamente para obtener, en todos los casos, una medida precisa del nivel de señal de entrada. Acepta el sistema de televisión (NTSC) y permite trabajar directamente con señales de TV digital descodificándolas para visualizar la imagen de televisión y para las cuales proporciona directamente la medida de potencia, de la relación portadora a ruido (C/N), de la tasa de error de la señal digital (BER) y de la relación de error de modulación (MER), tanto para señales ATSC (8-VSB) como

DVB-S (QPSK), DVB-S2 (8PSK), DSS (QPSK) , ITU-T J.83/B (QAM Annex-B) y DVBC (QAM Annex-A). El equipo también permite obtener una representación gráfica del Diagrama de Constelación para señales DVB-S/S2 (QPSK/8PSK), DVB-C (QAM ) y ITU-T J.83/B (64/256-QAM).

Al ser un equipo multiestándar, puede ser utilizado eficientemente en cualquier país del mundo.

Incorpora un teclado iconográfico que permite el acceso directo a las funciones que aparecen en la pantalla de una forma intuitiva.

El US TV EXPLORER II realiza una exploración dinámica del espectro, detectando todas las emisiones que se encuentran en la banda explorada, ya sea terrestre o satélite. El propio equipo es el que localiza los canales y los colecciona en una base de datos, sin necesidad de ninguna información previa sobre el número de canales, el tipo de señales transmitidas o las características de las mismas. Con los datos adquiridos tras cada exploración, crea un registro que contiene tablas de

canales

independientes para cada sistema o instalación. En cualquier momento se

pueden repetir las sesiones de medida utilizando solamente estos canales presintonizados. Permitiendo así agilizar el proceso.

En el panel frontal aparece indicado el tipo de medida que se realiza (TerrestreSatélite / Analógico-Digital) y los datos son visualizados mediante una pantalla gráfica TFT color transflectiva en alta resolución de 6,5” y formato panorámico (16:9). El equipo incorpora un sensor para el ajuste automático del contraste y la luminosidad de la pantalla de acuerdo con las condiciones ambientales presentes en cada momento.

El tamaño compacto y peso ligero del

EXPLORER permiten que sea manejado

con una sola mano. Utilizando la funda o cinta de transporte suministrada el equipo puede sujetarse al cuerpo a la vez que es protegido de las inclemencias ambientales. El protector anti-choque proporciona una robustez adicional para los trabajos de campo, disponiendo de una maleta rígida de transporte. Además el equipo ha sido diseñado para impedir la entrada accidental de líquidos.

El US TV EXPLORER II está diseñado para integrar medidas que requieren configuraciones de operación muy diferentes. De este modo incorpora una función específica para facilitar el apuntamiento de antenas. Al activarla el instrumento se configura automáticamente para ofrecer un barrido del espectro muy rápido y una barra gráfica de alta sensibilidad permite el ajuste fino de los máximos de señal. Además incluye un módulo para la alimentación de LNBs, y los comandos para la programación de dispositivos DiSEqC 1.2 y SatCR.

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

El US TV EXPLORER II permite una actualización sencilla a nuevas versiones de software que amplíen en un futuro las funciones disponibles. De esta manera puede incorporar nuevas prestaciones sin coste adicional. Como por ejemplo, la verificación de las redes de distribución de señales satélite. Su utilización en combinación con un generador de FI facilita una comprobación sencilla de las instalaciones antes de su entrada en servicio.

El analizador de espectros que incorpora el US TV EXPLORER II destaca por la precisión, resolución, sensibilidad y velocidad de barrido que le hacen ser muy útil para aplicaciones de instalación de antenas o detección de complejos fenómenos de ruido impulsional. Presenta un innovador sistema de control de la representación mediante flechas de cursor que hace muy intuitiva la utilización de la función analizador de espectros. Las flechas permiten ajustar el nivel de referencia en pasos de 5 ó 10 dB y el span del margen de frecuencias en pantalla.

Para una mayor comodidad de uso, dispone de memorias para almacenar adquisiciones de medidas automáticamente, registrando: nombre de la adquisición, punto de la medida, frecuencia, tabla de canales, etc.,. La función ADQUISICIÓN facilita enormemente la verificación de sistemas donde se requiere realizar un elevado número de medidas y posibilita un posterior procesado de toda la información adquirida en un ordenador personal. El equipo ofrece la posibilidad de generar informes de medidas automáticos y de actualizarse a través de Internet mediante el software PkTools incluido.

Además el equipo incorpora un generador de comandos DiSEqC

y permite

suministrar diversas tensiones a la unidad externa (5 V / 13 V / 15 V / 18 V / 24 V). También se ha provisto al equipo de un adaptador SCART-RCA para entrada/salida de audio/vídeo.

El US TV EXPLORER II se alimenta mediante batería recargable o conectado a la red mediante el alimentador DC externo suministrado.

Incorpora un puerto USB para facilitar la comunicación con un PC y la descarga de canalizaciones y adquisiciones automáticas.

Este equipo debido a su diseño ultra-compacto, especificaciones técnicas y bajo coste se sitúa como el instrumento de referencia para el instalador.

DiSEqC

es una marca registrada de EUTELSAT

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

1.2 Especificaciones

CONFIGURACIÓN PARA MEDIDA DE NIVEL Y POTENCIA

SINTONÍA Síntesis digital de frecuencia. Sintonía continua de

5 a 1000 MHz y de 950 a 2150 MHz.

Modos de sintonía Canal o Frecuencia (FI o directa en banda satélite). Plan de canales Configurable para cada sesión. Resolución 5-1000 MHz: 50 kHz.

950-2150 MHz: < 200 kHz (span FULL-500-200-

100-50-32-16 MHz).

Búsqueda automática (Explorer) Nivel umbral seleccionable. Identificación de señales Analógicas y digitales. Automática.

ENTRADA DE RF Impedancia 75 Ω. Conector Universal, con adaptador BNC o F. Máxima señal 130 dBµV. Máxima tensión de entrada

DC a 100 Hz 50 V rms (alimentado por el cargador AL-103). 30 V rms (no alimentado por el cargador AL-103). 5 MHz a 2150 MHz 130 dBµV.

MEDIDA DE SEÑALES DIGITALES

MARGEN DE POTENCIA

8-VSB: 45 dBµV a 100 dBµV. QAM Annex-B/-A: 45 dBµV a 110 dBµV.

QPSK/8PSK: 44 dBµV a 114 dBµV. DSS: 44 dBµV a 114 dBµV.

MEDIDAS

ATSC (8-VSB): Potencia, SER, VBER

Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

,, MER, C/N y Margen de ruido.

La medida del BER mostrada por defecto (cuando la opción PRN-23 BER del menú de Preferencias está a OFF)

es una estimación calculada a partir de la medida del MER. Para obtener una medida del BER más precisa, debe activar la opción PRN-23 BER del menú de preferencias e introducir una señal patrón PRN-23 en la entrada RF [30]. Si la señal de entrada es una señal patrón PRN-23 o una señal de vídeo, las medidas del BER y VBER son consideradas aceptables cuando BER/VBER ≤ 3*10E-6 y SER-ERR/s ≤ 2, siendo el valor SER el número de paquetes erróneos que se toma como medida de referencia.

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

ITU-T J.83/B (QAM ANNEX-B): Potencia, BER, MER, C/N y Margen de ruido. Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

DVB-C (QAM

ANNEX-A): Potencia, BER, MER, C/N y Margen de ruido.

Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

DVB-S (QPSK): Potencia, CBER, VBER, MER, C/N y Margen de ruido. Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

DVB-S2 (QPSK/8PSK): Potencia, CBER, PER, MER, C/N y LBER. Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

DSS (QPSK): Potencia, CBER, VBER, MER, C/N y Margen de ruido. Presentación: Numérica y barra de nivel.

DIAGRAMA DE CONSTELACIÓN Tipo de señal DVB-S y DVB-S2,QAM-B/-A. Presentación Gráfico I-Q.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL ATSC Code Rate 2/3. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF. Velocidad de símbolo 10.762 Mb/s.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL ITU-T J.83/B Demodulación 64/256 QAM. Velocidad de símbolo 5057 a 5361 kbauds. Factor de roll-off (α) del filtro de Nyquist 0,15. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL DVB-C Demodulación 16/32/64/128/256 QAM. Velocidad de símbolo 1000 a 7000 kbauds. Factor de roll-off (α) del filtro de Nyquist 0,15. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL DVB-S Velocidad de símbolo 2 a 45 Mbauds. Factor de roll-off (α) del filtro de Nyquist 0,35. Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8 y AUTO. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL DVB-S2 Velocidad de símbolo (QPSK) 2 a 33 Mbauds. Velocidad de símbolo (8PSK) 2 a 30 Mbauds.

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MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES. US TV EXPLORER II

Factor de roll-off (α) del filtro de Nyquist 0,20, 0,25 y 0,35. Code Rate (QPSK) 1/4, 1/3, 2/5, 1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10 and AUTO. Code Rate (8PSK) 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 8/9, 9/10 and AUTO. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF. Pilotos Indicación presencia.

PARÁMETROS SEÑAL DSS Velocidad de símbolo 20 Mbauds. Factor de roll-off (α) del filtro de Nyquist 0,20. Code Rate 1/2, 2/3, 6/7 y AUTO. Inversión espectral Seleccionable: ON, OFF.

VÍDEO Formato ATSC: MPEG-2 (MP@ML). DVB: MPEG-2 (MP@ML). Descodificación servicios Lista de servicios y PIDs.

MEDIDA DE SEÑALES ANALÓGICAS

MEDIDA DE NIVEL Margen de medida Bandas TV terrestre y FM 10 dBµV a 130 dBµV (3,16 µV a 3,16 V). Banda TV satélite 30 dBµV a 130 dBµV (31,6 µV a 3,16 V). Lectura Autorrango, se muestra sobre una ventana OSD.

Indicación Numérica Valor absoluto según parámetros. Indicación Gráfica Barra analógica en pantalla.

Ancho de banda de medida 230 kHz (Banda terrestre)  4 MHz (Banda satélite)

Indicación acústica Sonido TONO. Tono que varía con el nivel de señal

Precisión Sub-banda ±1,5 dB (30-120 dBµV, 5-45 MHz) (22 °C±5 °C). Banda terrestre ±1,5 dB (30-120 dBµV, 45-1000 MHz) (22 °C±5 °C). Banda satélite ±2,5 dB (40-100 dBµV, 950-2050 MHz) (22 °C ± 5 °C). Indicación de sobremargen ↑, ↓.

MODO MEDIDAS Bandas terrestres

Canales analógicos Nivel, Relación Vídeo-Audio y Relación Portadora-

Canales digitales Potencia del Canal, Relación Portadora-Ruido e

Según span (Rizado en banda 1 dB máximo).

(Sólo en modo de apuntamiento de antenas).

Ruido, desviación y desmodulación FM.

Identificación del canal.

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Promax US TV EXPLORER II User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual