Princeton 15Vdc, R928 User Manual

15 Discovery Way, Acton, MA 01720

Phone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Web Site:

www.piacton.com

Operating Instructions

for

PMT Tube

P2

Ver 2.0

Extended Red, High Sensitivity, Multialkali Photocathode

28mm (1-1/8 Inch) Diameter, 9-Stage, Side-On

FEATURES

Wide Spectral Response

R928 ........................................................

R955 ........................................................

High Cathode Sensitivity

Luminous ......................................................

Radiant at 400nm .............................................

High Anode Sensitivity (at 1000V)

Luminous ........................................................

Radiant at 400nm .....................................

Low Drift and Hysteresis

The R928 and R955 feature extremely high quantum efficiency,
high current amplification, good S/N ratio and wide spectral re­sponse from UV to near infrared. The R928 employs a UV glass
envelope and the R955 has a fused silica envelope for UV sen­sitivity extension.
The R928 and R955 are well suited for use in broad-band spec­trophotometers, atomic absorption spectrophotometers, emis­sion spectrophotometers and other precision photometric in­struments.

185 to 900 nm
160 to 900 nm

250 A/lm

74mA/W

2500A/lm

7.4 10

5

A/W

PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES

R928, R955

GENERAL

Parameter Description/Value Unit

Spectral Response

R928

R955
Wavelength of Maximum Response
Photocathode

MateriaI

Minimum Effective Area
Window Material

R928

R955
Dynode

Secondary Emitting Surface

Structure

Number of Stages
Direct Interelectrode Capacitances

Anode to Last Dynode

Anode to All Other Electrodes
Base

Weight
SuitabIe Socket

SuitabIe Socket Assembly

185 to 900 nm
160 to 900 nm

400

Multialkali

8 24

UV glass

Fused silica

Multialkali

Circular-cage

9

Approx. 4 pF
Approx. 6 pF

11-pin base

JEDEC No. B11-88

Approx. 45

E678–11A (option)

E717–21 (option)

nm

mm

g

Figure 1: Typical Spectral Response

TPMSB0001EB

100

R955

10

1

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY (%)

0.1

CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY (mA/W)

0.01
100 200 300

R928

QUANTUM EFFICIENCY

400 500 600 700

WAVELENGTH (nm)

CATHODE
RADIANT
SENSITIVITY

900

800

1000

Subject to local technical requirements and regulat ions, availability of products included in this promotional material may va r y. Please consult with our sales office.
lnformation furnished by HAMA M ATSU is believed to be reliabIe. However, no respon sibility is assumed for possibIe inaccuracies or ommissions. Specifications are

subject to change without notice. No patent right are granted to any of the circuits described herein.

1997 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.

©

PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES R928, R955

MAXIMUM RATINGS (Absolute Maximum Values)

Parameter Value

Supply Voltage

Between Anode and Cathode

Between Anode and Last Dynode
Average Anode Current
Ambient Temperature

–80 to +50

CHARACTERISTlCS (at 25 )

Parameter

Cathode Sensitivity

Quantum Efficiency at Peak Wavelength

Luminous
Radiant at 194nm 18

Red/White Ratio
Blue

Anode Sensitivity

Luminous
Radiant at 194nm 1.8 10

Gain
Anode Dark Current

After 30 minute Storage in the darkness 3 50

B

254nm 52
400nm 74
633nm 41

852nm 3.5

C

D

E

254nm
400nm
633nm

852nm

E

F

1250

250

0.1

Min. Max.

Unit

Vdc
Vdc

mA

R928

Typ.

25.4

(at 260nm)

140 250

0.2

0.3
8

2500400

5.2 10

7.4 10

4.1 10

3.5 10

1.0 10

5
5
5
5

4

7

R955

Min. Max.

Typ.

29.0

Unit

%

(at 220nm)

140 250 A/lm

43 mA/W
56 mA/W
74 mA/W
41 mA/W

3.5 mA/W

0.2

0.3
8 A/lm-b

2500 A/lm400

4.3 10

5.6 10

7.4 10

4.1 10

3.5 10

1.0 10

5
5
5
5

4

7

A/W
A/W
A/W
A/W

A/W

350 nA

ENI(Equivalent Noise Input)
Time Response

E

Anode Pulse Rise Time
Electron Transit Time

Transit Time Spread (TTS)

Anode Current Stability

H

I

J

K

L

Current Hysteresis
Voltage Hysteresis

NOTES

Averaged over any interval of 30 seconds maximum.

A:

The light source is a tungsten filament lamp operated at a distribution tem-

B:

perature of 2856K. Supply voltage is 100 volts between the cathode and
all other electrodes connected together as anode.
Red/White ratio is the quotient of the cathode current measured using a

C:

red filter(Toshiba R-68) interposed between the light source and the tube
by the cathode current measured with the filter removed under the same
conditions as Note B.
The value is cathode output current when a blue filter(Corning CS-5-58

D:

polished to 1/2 stock thickness) is interposed between the light source and
the tube under the same condition as Note B.
Measured with the same light source as Note B and with the voltage distri-

E:

bution ratio shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1:Voltage Distribution Ratio

Electrode K Dy1 Dy2 Dy3 Dy4 Dy5 Dy6 Dy7 Dy8 Dy9 P
Distribution

Ratio

SuppIy Voltage : 1000Vdc
K : Cathode, Dy : Dynode, P : Anode

1111111111

1.3 10

2.2
22

1.2

0.1

1.0

-16

F:

Measured with the same supply voltage and voltage distribution ratio as
Note E after removal of light.

G:

Measured at a supply voltage adjusted to provide an anode sensitivity of
100 A/lm.
ENI is an indication of the photon-limited signal-to-noise ratio. It refers to

H:

the amount of light in watts to produce a signal-to-noise ratio of unity in the
output of a photomultiplier tube.

ENI =

where q = Electronic charge (1.60 10
ldb = Anode dark current(after 30 minute storage) in amperes.
G = Gain.
f = Bandwidth of the system in hertz. 1 hertz is used.
S = Anode radiant sensitivity in amperes per watt at the wave­ length of peak response.

I:

The rise time is the time for the output pulse to rise from 10% to 90% of the
peak amplitude when the entire photocathode is illuminated by a delta
function light pulse.

2q.ldb.G

S

1.3 10

2.2
22

1.2

0.1

1.0

.

f

-16

-19

coulomb).

W

ns
ns

ns

%
%

J:

The electron transit time is the interval between the arrival of delta function
light pulse at the entrance window of the tube and the time when the anode
output reaches the peak amplitude. In measurement, the whole photo­cathode is illuminated.

Also called transit time jitter. This is the fluctuation in electron transit time

K:

between individual pulses in the signal photoelectron mode, and may be
defined as the FWHM of the frequency distribution of electron transit times.

Hysteresis is temporary instability in anode current after light and voltage

L:

are applied.

l

max.

l

min.

TIME

TPMSB0002EA

ANODE

CURRENT

5 6 7 (minutes)

0

l

i

l

l

max.

Hysteresis = 100(%)

min.

l

i

(1)Current Hysteresis
The tube is operated at 750 volts with an anode current of 1 micro-ampere for
5 minutes. The light is then removed from the tube for a minute. The tube is
then re-illuminated by the previous light level for a minute to measure the
variation.

(2)Voltage Hysteresis
The tube is operated at 300 volts with an anode current of 0.1 micro-ampere
for 5 minutes. The light is then removed from the tube and the supply voltage
is quickly increased to 800 volts. After a minute, the supply voltage is then
reduced to the previous value and the tube is re-illuminated for a minute to
measure the variation.

Figure 2: Anode Luminous Sensitivity and Gain

Characteristics

TPMSB0003EB

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10

TYPICAL ANODE SENSITIVITY

8

10

7

10

6

10

5

10

GAIN

TYPICAL GAIN

0

10

–1

10

ANODE LUMINOUS SENSITIVITY (A/lm)

–2

10

200 300

MINIMUM ANODE SENSITIVITY

500 700

1000

1500

4

10

3

10

2

10

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 4: Typical Temperature Coefficient of Anode

Sensitivity

TPMSB0005EA

160

140

800nm

600nm

Figure 3: Typical Time Response

TPMSB0004EB

100

80
60

40

20

10

8

TIME (ns)

6

4

2

1

300

TRANSIT TIME

RISE TIME

500 700

1000 1500

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

Figure 5: Typical Temperature Characteristic of Dark

Current (at 1000V, after 30minute storage)

TPMSB0006EA

100

120

100

80

60

ANODE SENSITIVITY (%)

40

20

0

400nm

–

40

–

20 0 +20

TEMPERATURE (°C)

+40

10

1

ANODE DARK CURRENT (nA)

0.1

0.01

–

40

–

20 0 +20

TEMPERATURE (°C)

+40

PHOTOMULTlPLlER TUBES R928, R955

Figure 6: Dimensional Outline and Basing Diagram (Unit : mm)

28.5 1.5

T9
BULB

PHOTOCATHODE

24MIN.

11 PIN BASE
JEDEC No. B11-88

32.2 0.5

8MIN.

49.0 2.5

80MAX.

94MAX.

DY6

DY7

6

7

8

9

10

11

K

DY4

DY3

DY2

DY5

3

DY1

5

4

2

1

DIRECTION OF LIGHT

BOTTOM VIEW

(BASING DIAGRAM)

TPMSA0008EA

DY8

DY9

P

Hybrid Assembly of R928
H957-08

The H957-08 integrates on R928, a voltage-divider circuit, and a high
voltage power supply into a compact magnetic shield case. It can be
readily operated by input of 15Vdc.

Figure 7: Optional Accessories (Unit : mm)

Socket

(E678 – 11A)

49
38

33

3.5

5

29

418

TACCA0064EA

Hamamatsu also provides C4900 series compact high voltage power sup­plies and C6270 series DP type socket assemblies which incorporate a
DC to DC converter type high voltage power supply.

D Type Socket Assembly E717-21

SOCKET

PMT

3.5

33.0 0.3

4.8

41.0 0.5

450 10

5

38.0 0.3

49.0 0.3
29

31.0 0.5
HOUSING

(INSULATOR)

POTTING
COMPOUND

PIN No.

10

P

DY9

9

DY8

8

DY7

7

DY6

6

DY5

5

DY4

4

DY3

3

DY2

2

DY1

1

K

11

R10

R9

R8

R7

R6

R5

R4

R3

R2

R1

C3

C2

C1

R to R10
C1 to C3

SIGNAL GND
SIGNAL OUTPUT RG-174/U

(BLACK)
POWER SUPPLY GND

AWG22 (BLACK)

: 330k
: 0.01 F

–HV

AWG22 (VIOLET)

TACCA0002ED

Warning–Personal Safety Hazards

Electrical Shock–Operating voltages applied to this

device present a shock hazard.

HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Electoron Tube Center
314-5, Shimokanzo, Toyooka-village, Iwata-gun, Shizuoka-ken, 438-0193, Japan, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

U.S.A.:

Hamamatsu Corporation: 360 Foothill Road, Bridgewater. N.J. 08807-0910, U.S.A., Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Germany:

Hamamatsu Photonics Deutschland GmbH: Arzbergerstr. 10, D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

France:

Hamamatsu Photonics France S.A.R.L.: 8, Rue du Saule Trapu, Parc du Moulin de Massy, 91882 Massy Cedex, France, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

United Kingdom:
North Europe:
Italy:

Hamamatsu Photonics UK Limted: Lough Point, 2 Gladbeck Way, Windmill Hill, Enfield, Middlesex EN2 7JA, United Kingdom, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Hamamatsu Photonics Norden AB: Färögatan 7, S-164-40 Kista Sweden, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Hamamatsu Photonics Italia: S.R.L.: Via Della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: [phone], Fax: [phone]

TPMS1001E06
MAY. 1997