Princeton 4411-0062 User Manual
4411-0062
Version 3.A
February 11, 2004
*4411-0062*
©Copyright 2001-2004 Princeton Instruments, a division of Roper Scientific, Inc.
3660 Quakerbridge Rd
Trenton, NJ 08619
TEL: 800-874-9789 / 609-587-9797
FAX: 609-587-1970
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the written
permission of Princeton Instruments, a division of Roper Scientific, Inc. ("Princeton Instruments").
Printed in the United States of America.
I-PentaMAX is a trademark of Roper Scientific, Inc.
IPLab is a trademark of Scanalytics, Inc.
Power Mac is a trademark and Power Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
TAXI is a trademark of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate as of the publication release date. However,
Princeton Instruments does not assume any responsibility for any consequences including any damages
resulting from the use thereof. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
Revision of this publication may be issued to incorporate such change.
...SEE the Future
Camera Detection Wizard
Introduction
Version 2.5.19.6 of the WinX software (WinView, WinSpec, and WinXTest) introduced enhancements
to the former Hardware Setup Wizard. Now called the Camera Detection Wizard, this function is used
to load the WinX hardware setup parameter fields with default values for a WinX-compatible camera
system. The Camera Detection Wizard runs automatically the first time you install WinX and can be
launched at a later date if you decide to control a different WinX-compatible camera. The autodetection
function can be used for both PVCAM-based camera systems (USB 1 interface, USB 2 interface,
Photometrics PCI, PhotonMAX) and Princeton Instruments RS PCI (TAXI) interface-based systems.
Changes to the Software
• For PVCAM-based cameras (USB 1 interface, USB 2 interface, Photometrics PCI,
PhotonMAX) ------- You no longer have to run the RSConfig.exe program --- this is done by
the Camera Detection Wizard.
• ALL
• The PVCAM dialog is no longer included in the wizard.
• The Use PVCAM checkbox is no longer present on the
• There is now a Launch Camera Detection Wizard button on the
Win-X compatible camera systems can be set up via the autodetection function but only Princeton
Instruments RS PCI (TAXI) interface-based systems can be set up using the manua l funct ion.
Setup|Hardware|Controller/Camera (or CCD) tab page.
Setup|Hardware|Controller/Camera (or CCD) tab page.
Required by the Wizard
• You MUST use the autodetection mode for PVCAM-based cameras (USB 1 interface, USB 2
interface, Photometrics PCI, PhotonMAX). The function can also be used to detect Princeton
Instruments RS PCI (TAXI) interface-based systems.
• Before you select autodetection, you must have connected the camera system to the host
computer and have turned the camera system ON.
• Before selecting "Yes" for the Test Image, you must have connected the camera system to the
host computer and have turned the camera system ON.
3660 Quakerbridge Road | Trenton, NJ 08619-1208 | tel 609.587.9797 | fax 609.587.1970 | www.princetoninstruments.com
Camera Detection Wizard
y
Camera Detection Wizard Flowchart
Wizard is
launched
...SEE the Future
.
Autodetect or
Manual?
Manual - Can only be
used for systems using a
Princeton Instruments
Optional
Yes
Configuration
Disk?
RS PCI (TAXI) Interface.
No
Autodetect - Can used for
all
WinX-compatible
camera systems (PVCAM-
Computer Interface
Selection (RS PCI)
and TAXI-based).
Make sure camera system is
connected to host computer
and s
stem is turned ON.
Controller Selection
(PentaMAX, ST-133,
Detected Hardware List.
etc.)
Make selection.
Detector/Camera/CCD
Selection
Single Frame (100 msec
exposure) acquired and
displayed.
Test Image?
Yes
Make sure camera
system is connected
to host computer and
No
system is turned ON.
Finished
July 27, 2005 2 of 2 Princeton Instruments
E:/Manuals/Tech Notes\Camera Detection Wizard supplement.doc
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction.........................................................................................9
Description.......................................................................................................................... 9
About this Manual ............................................................................................................ 11
Manual Organization.................................................................................................. 11
Safety Related Symbols Used Manual.......................................................................12
Camera Features ...............................................................................................................12
Camera Front.............................................................................................................. 12
Camera Back Panel .................................................................................................... 13
CCD and Intensifier Enclosure......................................................................................... 16
Temperature/Power Supply Unit Features ....................................................................... 16
Temperature/Power Supply Front Panel.................................................................... 16
Temperature/Power Supply Back Panel..................................................................... 18
Temperature/Power Supply Filter.............................................................................. 19
Grounding and Safety....................................................................................................... 19
ESD Precautions ............................................................................................................... 20
Additional Precautions ..................................................................................................... 20
Camera and Temperature/Power Supply Unit ........................................................... 20
Image Intensifier Controller (IIC-200, IIC-300, and IIC-100)................................... 20
Environmental Requirements ........................................................................................... 20
Computer Requirements ................................................................................................... 21
Host Computer Type.................................................................................................. 21
Application Software........................................................................................................ 21
Cleaning and Maintenance ...............................................................................................22
Temperature/Power Supply........................................................................................ 22
Optical Surfaces ......................................................................................................... 22
Repairs .............................................................................................................................. 22
Chapter 2 Installation Overview........................................................................23
Chapter 3 Hardware Setup.................................................................................25
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 25
Unpacking......................................................................................................................... 25
Checking the Equipment and Parts Inventory ..................................................................25
Verifying Fuse Rating....................................................................................................... 26
Mounting the Camera ....................................................................................................... 28
General ....................................................................................................................... 28
Microscopy................................................................................................................. 28
Mounting the Lens............................................................................................................ 28
Installing the Application Software.................................................................................. 30
Driver Installation ...................................................................................................... 30
PC Interface Installation ................................................................................................... 30
Connecting the TAXI (Camera to Computer) Cable........................................................ 31
Connecting the Camera to Power Supply Cable............................................................... 31
Connecting the Camera to HV Supply Cable................................................................... 32
iii
iv I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Chapter 4 Temperature Control ........................................................................33
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 33
Air Cooling ....................................................................................................................... 33
Water Cooling...................................................................................................................34
Error Conditions ............................................................................................................... 34
Pressurization.................................................................................................................... 34
Chapter 5 First Light ..........................................................................................35
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 35
Overexposure Protection .................................................................................................. 36
Alarm ................................................................................................................................ 36
Shutter vs. Gated Operation.............................................................................................. 36
Procedure .......................................................................................................................... 37
Imaging Field of View...................................................................................................... 42
Chapter 6 Microscopy Applications .................................................................43
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 43
Mounting the Camera on the Microscope ........................................................................43
C-Mount ..................................................................................................................... 43
F-Mount...................................................................................................................... 44
Operation ..........................................................................................................................46
Xenon or Mercury Arc Lamp Precautions................................................................. 46
Focusing the Microscope ........................................................................................... 46
Adjusting the Parfocality of the Camera.................................................................... 47
Imaging Hints....................................................................................................................47
Fluorescence ..................................................................................................................... 47
Microscopes and Infrared Light........................................................................................ 48
Chapter 7 Intensifier...........................................................................................49
Overview of Intensifier Operation.................................................................................... 49
Intensifier Alarm...............................................................................................................50
Chapter 8 Timing Modes....................................................................................51
Full Speed (sync) or Safe Mode (async) .......................................................................... 52
Standard Timing Modes ................................................................................................... 52
Freerun Timing........................................................................................................... 54
External Sync Timing................................................................................................. 55
Software Trigger............................................................................................................... 57
Frame Transfer Mode ....................................................................................................... 57
Edge vs. Level External Sync........................................................................................... 59
Chapter 9 Exposure and Readout.....................................................................61
Exposure ........................................................................................................................... 62
Introduction................................................................................................................ 62
Gated Operation ......................................................................................................... 62
Shutter Mode Operation............................................................................................. 62
Saturation ...................................................................................................................63
Dark Charge ............................................................................................................... 63
Readout of the Array ........................................................................................................ 64
Full Frame Readout.................................................................................................... 64
Table of Contents v
Image Readout with Binning...................................................................................... 66
Binning in Software ...................................................................................................67
Frame Transfer Readout............................................................................................. 68
Digitization ....................................................................................................................... 69
Dual A/D Converters Option ..................................................................................... 69
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting..............................................................................71
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 71
Alarm Sounds Sporadically.............................................................................................. 72
Alarm Sounds Continuously............................................................................................. 72
Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes ..................................................................................72
Camera Stops Working..................................................................................................... 72
Controller Is Not Responding........................................................................................... 73
Error Indicator Lights on Temperature/Power Supply..................................................... 73
Error Occurs at Computer Powerup ................................................................................. 74
Conflicts ..................................................................................................................... 74
Diagnostics Software ................................................................................................. 76
Operation.................................................................................................................... 76
Excessive Readout Noise.................................................................................................. 77
Fuses are not Correct for the Line Voltage ...................................................................... 77
Temperature Lock Cannot be Achieved or Maintained ................................................... 78
Appendix A Specifications ................................................................................81
Intensifier*........................................................................................................................ 81
Types .......................................................................................................................... 81
Spectral Range ........................................................................................................... 81
Method of Coupling ................................................................................................... 81
Vignetting................................................................................................................... 81
Spatial Resolution ...................................................................................................... 81
Geometric Distortion.................................................................................................. 81
Gating Speed .............................................................................................................. 81
Gating On/Off Ratio................................................................................................... 81
CCD Array........................................................................................................................ 82
Temperature Control......................................................................................................... 82
Cooling ............................................................................................................................. 82
Mounting........................................................................................................................... 82
Inputs ................................................................................................................................82
Outputs.............................................................................................................................. 83
Exposure Range................................................................................................................ 83
A/D Converters................................................................................................................. 83
Computer Requirements ................................................................................................... 83
Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................84
Appendix B Outline Drawings of Camera & Temperature/Power Supply ....85
Appendix C Penta
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 87
Version 1........................................................................................................................... 87
Version 2........................................................................................................................... 87
Version 3........................................................................................................................... 87
MAX
Versions.......................................................................87
vi I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Version 4........................................................................................................................... 87
Version 5........................................................................................................................... 87
Appendix D Two-Shot Kinetics Mode...............................................................91
Appendix E Virtual Chip Mode ..........................................................................93
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 93
Virtual Chip Setup............................................................................................................ 94
Introduction................................................................................................................ 94
Equipment: ................................................................................................................. 94
Software: .................................................................................................................... 94
Assumptions:.............................................................................................................. 95
System Connection Diagram:..................................................................................... 95
Procedure: .................................................................................................................. 95
Experimental Timing........................................................................................................ 99
Virtual Chip dialog box .................................................................................................... 99
Tips ................................................................................................................................. 100
Warranty & Service...........................................................................................103
Limited Warranty............................................................................................................ 103
Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty..................................................................... 103
Limited One (1) Year Warranty on Refurbished or Discontinued Products............ 103
Normal Wear Item Disclaimer ................................................................................. 103
XP Vacuum Chamber Limited Lifetime Warranty.................................................. 103
Sealed Chamber Integrity Limited 24 Month Warranty .......................................... 104
Vacuum Integrity Limited 24 Month Warranty ....................................................... 104
Image Intensifier Detector Limited One Year Warranty .........................................104
X-Ray Detector Limited One Year Warranty.......................................................... 104
Software Limited Warranty...................................................................................... 104
Owner's Manual and Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 105
Your Responsibility .................................................................................................105
Contact Information........................................................................................................ 106
Index ..................................................................................................................107
Figures
Figure 1. I-PentaMAX System .......................................................................................... 9
Figure 2. Camera Back Panel ..........................................................................................13
Figure 3. Temperature/Power Supply Front Panel .......................................................... 16
Figure 4. Temperature/Power Supply Back Panel........................................................... 18
Figure 5. System Diagram: I-PentaMAX with IIC-200 or IIC-300................................. 24
Figure 6. Power Input Assembly (Fuse Access).............................................................. 27
Figure 7. F-mount Lens Adapter...................................................................................... 29
Figure 8. F-mount Adapter Focus Adjustment................................................................ 41
Figure 9. Imaging Field of View ..................................................................................... 42
Figure 10. F-mount Adapters........................................................................................... 45
Figure 11. Bottom Clamp secured to Relay Lens............................................................ 46
Figure 12. Image Intensifier Tube ...................................................................................49
Figure 13. Microchannel Plate Operation........................................................................ 50
Table of Contents vii
Figure 14. Chart of Full Speed and Safe Mode Operation .............................................. 53
Figure 15. Freerun Timing chart ( part of the chart in Figure 14)................................... 54
Figure 16. Freerun Timing diagram................................................................................. 54
Figure 17. Chart showing two External Sync Timing Options .......................................56
Figure 18. External Sync (Continuous Cleans OFF) Timing diagram............................ 56
Figure 19. External Sync (Continuous Cleans ON) Timing diagram.............................. 57
Figure 20. Frame Transfer where t
Figure 21. Frame Transfer where t
Figure 22. Frame Transfer where Sync. Pulse arrives after Readout.............................. 59
Figure 23. Block Diagram of Signal Path in System....................................................... 61
Figure 24. Full Frame at Full Resolution ........................................................................65
Figure 25. 2 × 2 Binning for Images................................................................................ 67
Figure 26. Frame Transfer Readout................................................................................. 68
Figure 27. Power Input Assembly: Fuse Access ............................................................. 78
Figure 28. I-PentaMAX: C-Mount .................................................................................. 85
Figure 29. I-PentaMAX: F-Mount................................................................................... 86
Figure 30. Temperature/Power Supply............................................................................ 86
Figure 31. Virtual Chip Functional diagram ...................................................................93
Figure 32. System Diagram: I-PentaMAX with IIC-200................................................. 95
Figure 33. Virtual Chip dialog box.................................................................................. 99
+ tw1 + tc < tR·.................................................. 58
exp
+ tw1 + tc > tR................................................... 58
exp
Tables
Table 1. Voltage and Fuse Selection ............................................................................... 27
Table 2. Bottom Clamps for Different Type Microscopes.............................................. 44
Table 3. Camera Timing Modes ...................................................................................... 51
Table 4. Approximate Readout Time for the CCD Array ............................................... 66
Table 5. Well Capacity for some CCD Arrays ( in electrons)......................................... 67
Table 6. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignments before installing Serial Card................. 75
Table 7. I/O Address & Interrupt Assignments after installing Serial Card.................... 75
Table 8. Voltage and Fuse Selection ............................................................................... 77
Table 9. I-PentMAX, 5 MHz: Virtual Chip Size and Approximate Number of Frames
per Second......................................................................................................... 94
viii I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
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Chapter 1
Introduction
Description
The Princeton Instruments I-PentaMAX System consists of an intensified camera, an
external temperature controller/power supply, a computer, a high-voltage power supply
and the necessary system cables. It is designed for general macro-imaging and
microscopy imaging applications at both low and medium light levels. In operation, data
acquired by the camera is routed to the computer for processing and display. A
composite video output is also provided to allow immediate viewing of the acquired
images on a separate monitor. The computer controls both the system configuration and
data acquisition via software, of which Princeton Instruments WinView is an example.
The camera is fitted with a microchannel plate (MCP) image intensifier fiber-optically
coupled to a CCD array. A window at the front of the intensifier seals the intensifier and
array into an integrated chamber maintained at a positive pressure. The enclosure is
normally pressurized with dry air to about 1 psi. Power to the intensifier is supplied by a
high voltage power supply (IIC-100, IIC-200, or IIC-300) or by the MCP-100 (gate
pulser option) via a high voltage cable. The connector for the high-voltage cable is
located on the side of the intensifier housing.
The I-PentaMAX Camera combines both high-speed and high-precision readout
capabilities. It can collect 12 bit images at a readout rate of up to 5 million pixels per
second (5 MHz) in the high-speed mode or at 1 million pixels per second (1 MHz) in the
optional precision mode. The speed and resolutions of the two data collection modes
provided are matched to the capabilities of the CCD sensor (see Appendix A). Two
complete analog channels, each with its own A/D converter (precision A/D converter
optional), are provided for optimum signal-to-noise ratios in both readout modes.
Figure 1. I-PentaMAX System
9
10 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Switching between the two channels is completely under software control for total
experiment automation. Data is transferred directly to the host computer memory via a
high-speed serial link. Standard composite video, either RS-170 (EIA) or CCIR,
whichever was ordered, is also provided.
The camera interfaces to a host computer via a high-speed serial link (twisted pair or
fiber optic cable) for immediate data transfer to computer memory. The optional fiber
optic connection allows the computer to be remotely located at distances as great as two
kilometers with no signal degradation.
There is provision for extremely flexible readout of the CCD. Readout modes supported
include full resolution, simultaneous multiple subimages, and nonuniform binning.
Single or multiple software-defined regions of interest can also be tested without having
to digitize all the pixels of the array. Completely flexible exposure, set through software,
is also fully supported.
Power for the camera comes from a separate temperature controller/power supply unit,
which can be located up to 15 feet from the camera. This unit features a digital display
for setting the CCD temperature and for monitoring the current CCD temperature.
Front-panel indicators continuously indicate the temperature control status.
With its fully integrated design, advanced exposure control timing, and sophisticated
readout capabilities, the I-PentaMAX system is well suited to low light macro imaging
and microscopy applications.
Chapter 1 Introduction 11
About this Manual
Manual Organization
This manual provides the user with all the information needed to install an I-PentaMAX
system and place it in operation. Topics covered include a detailed description of the
camera, the temperature/power supply unit, installation, cleaning, specifications and
more.
Chapter 1, Introduction
structure of this manual; and documents environmental, storage, and cleaning
requirements.
Chapter 2, Installation Overview
relevant manuals and/or manual pages. It also contains system layout diagrams.
Chapter 3, Hardware Setup
interface card and for interconnecting the system components.
Chapter 4, Temperature Control
temperature control.
Chapter
5, First Light
Chapter 6, Microscopy Applications
your digital imaging system as applied to microscopy.
Chapter 7, Intensifier
the function of the overload detection circuitry and the intensifier alarm.
Chapter 8, Timing Modes
topics, including Full Speed vs. Safe Mode, Free Run, External Sync,
Continuous Cleans.
Chapter 9, Exposure and Readout
with many peripheral topics, including saturation, dark charge, binning and
frame-transfer readout.
briefly describes the I-PentaMAX system; details the
cross references system setup actions with the
provides detailed directions for installing the
discusses how to establish and maintain
discusses how to focus the camera.
discusses the setup and optimization of
provides an overview of intensifier operation and describes
discusses the basic camera timing modes and related
discusses Exposure and Readout, together
Chapter 10, Troubleshooting
hardware problems.
Appendix A, Specifications
provides information regarding possible system
includes camera specifications.
Appendix B, Outline Drawings of Camera & Temperature/Power Supply
provides size information for these units.
Appendix C, PentaMAX Versions
version.
Appendix D, Two-Shot Kinetics Mode
the PentaMAX 512x512FT camera, Version 5.
Appendix E, Virtual Chip Mode
setup procedure.
Warranty & Service
cameras and software. Contact information for assistance and service is also
provided.
details the limited warranties for Princeton Instruments
describes virtual chip operation and provides a
summarizes PentaMAX capabilities by
describes the 2-shot kinetics mode for
12 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Safety Related Symbols Used Manual
Caution! The use of this symbol on equipment indicates that one or
more nearby items should not be operated without first consulting the
manual. The same symbol appears in the manual adjacent to the text
that discusses the hardware item(s) in question.
Caution! Risk of electric shock! The use of this symbol on
equipment indicates that one or more nearby items pose an electric
shock hazard and should be regarded as potentially dangerous. This
same symbol appears in the manual adjacent to the text that discusses
the hardware item(s) in question.
Camera Features
Camera Front
The intensifier and lens mount housing are at the front of the camera. The details of the
housing can vary depending on the type of mount and on the type of CCD array installed.
If the lens mount adapter is purchased at the same time as the I-PentaMAX, the camera
will be supplied with the adapter installed. A C-mount lens adapter is standard.
DANGER
WARNING!
The connector for the high-voltage cable is located on the intensifier housing. This cable
is supplied with the high voltage supply and must be connected for the intensifier to
function. Without high voltage applied, the intensifier is completely blind. Chapter 5
discusses operation of the camera, including connecting the high voltage cable and highvoltage operating considerations.
The high voltage cable carries lethal voltages to the image intensifier (as much as 10,000
Volts). Never turn on the high-voltage power supply (IIC-100 or IIC-200) or the pulser
equipped with the MCP-100 modular high-voltage supply unless both ends of the high
voltage cable are connected. These ends should be tightly connected to the mating
connections or arcing could occur and damage the intensifier. A cable connected at one
end only is not only hazardous, but is susceptible to arcing and subsequent erratic
operation due to the formation of carbon tracks.
The high voltage cable should be handled with care. Dropping the cable or banging the
connectors may damage the pins, resulting in a poor or intermittent connection, which
could result in damage to the intensifier.
Chapter 1 Introduction 13
Camera Back Panel
The camera’s connectors and coolant ports are located on the back panel as shown in
Figure 2. A brief description of each feature follows.
Fan: There is an internal fan located behind the back panel next to the ventilation grill.
Its purpose is:
• to remove heat from the Peltier device that cools the CCD array, and,
• to cool the electronics.
This fan runs continuously whenever the camera is powered. It is designed for lowvibration and does not adversely affect the image. For the fan to function properly,
free circulation must be maintained between the laboratory atmosphere and the
rear and sides of the camera.
WATER Cooling Ports: There is provision for liquid cooling via the two barbed
cooling fittings at the rear panel. The liquid cooling option is provided for use
when the camera is placed in an environment where dynamic airflow is restricted
or the ambient environment of the camera is 35°C or higher. We strongly advise
users to see Chapter 4, Temperature Control before making any connections to the
liquid cooling ports.
LOGIC OUTVIDEO EXT. SYNC
Figure 2. Camera Back Panel
FROM POWER SUPPLY Connector: The cable that interconnects the Camera and
the Temperature/Power Supply unit connects to this 25-pin connector. This
connector, the cable, and the corresponding connector on the Temperature/Power
Supply unit are configured so that the cable cannot be installed incorrectly.
However, it is essential that the cable connector locking screws be tightened
securely to ensure reliable operation. Note that this is a proprietary cable; a generic
off the shelf cable cannot be substituted.
CAUTION
Always have the power off when connecting or disconnecting the Camera to Power
Supply cable.
14 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
HIGH SPEED SERIAL Connector: The cable that goes from the Camera to the
computer connects to this 9-pin connector. Again, it is essential that the cable
connector locking screws be tightened securely to ensure reliable operation. If the
application requires use of the optional fiber-optic data link to increase the
maximum allowable distance between the Camera and the computer, the fiberoptic “pod” would be connected to the HIGH SPEED SERIAL connector with a
short length of cable. Then the long distance fiber-optic cable would be connected
to the pod. A similar fiber-optic pod connection is required at the computer.
The computer connection at the other end of the cable depends on the computer
type. See Chapter 3 for detailed information.
VIDEO BNC Connector: This is the composite video output. The amplitude is 1 V pk-
pk and the source impedance is 75 Ω . Either RS-170 (EIA) or CCIR standard
video can be provided and must be specified when the system is ordered. The
video should be connected to the monitor via a 75 Ω cable and it must be
terminated by 75 Ω . Many monitors have a selector switch to select either
terminated or unterminated operation.
Since the image is available at the computer via WinView, use of a separate video
monitor isn’t essential. Note, however, that the monitor view is updated as fast as
the data can be transferred. At the computer, because of the software overhead, the
image is updated more slowly. As a result, for operations such as focusing, where
it is advantageous to track changes as fast as possible, the video output is much
preferred.
The video output is selected by the Application software. In the case of WinView,
this is done by selecting RS170 from the Acquisition menu. Since the view
afforded by the video monitor is limited and fixed, all of the pixels from an array
may not be displayed. For example, some of the image from a 512 × 512 array will
be cropped when viewed on a 756 × 486 RS-170 monitor (NTSC format). When
this is the case, WinView's Video Focus functionality allows you to display the
entire image at reduced resolution or to pan to a subset of the array image.
Note: If more than one device is connected to the video output, the last device is
the one that should to be terminated in 75 Ω. For example, to connect the video
output to a VCR as well as to a monitor, the cable from the controller video output
should be connected to the video input connector of the VCR, and another 75 Ω
cable should extend from the video output connector of VCR to the 75Ω input of
the monitor. Do not use a BNC TEE to connect the controller video output to
multiple devices.
Chapter 1 Introduction 15
LOGIC OUT BNC Connector: This TTL output (formerly labeled NOTSCAN) is
provided to allow monitoring of the camera’s status. The camera state reported at
this connector is selected by the application software. A brief description of the
available signals follows.
NOTREADY: After a Start Acquisition command, this output signal changes state
on completion of the array cleaning cycles that precede the first exposure. Initially
high, NOTREADY goes low to mark the beginning of the first exposure. In free
run operation it remains low until the system in halted. If a specific number of
frames have been programmed, it remains low until all have been taken, then
returns high.
NOTSCAN: Reports when the controller is finished reading out the CCD array.
NOTSCAN is high when the CCD array is not being scanned, then drops low
when readout begins, returning to high when the process is finished. It is also low
during cleaning of the CCD. See Chapter 8, Timing Modes, for additional
information.
SHUTTER: This signal is low when the shutter is closed and goes high when the
shutter is activated, dropping low again after the shutter closes. See Chapter 8,
Timing Modes, for additional information.
In gated operation, this signal is used to inhibit the pulser when the array is being
read out. Therefore, even with a frame-transfer CCD, a full-frame timing mode
should be used for gated operation. With an FG-100 or FG-100H pulser, this is
done by connecting the SHUTTER signal to the pulser’s ENABLE input. In the
case of a PG-200 pulser, the SHUTTER signal would be connected to the
INHIBIT input.
In shutter-mode operation (set at the high-voltage power supply), the SHUTTER
signal could be connected to the SHUTTER IN connector on the IIC-200
(IIC-300, IIC-100, or MCP-100), allowing exposures from 50 µs to 23 hours to be
obtained. With no connection to the SHUTTER IN connector (operating in shutter
mode), the intensifier will be ON continuously.
CLEANING: This signal is high when an array Clean cycle is in progress and
otherwise low.
FT IMAGE SHIFT: This signal is low when a frame transfer shift is in progress
and otherwise high. This signal can be used to control fast wavelength switching
devices in microscopy applications.
LOGIC 0: Establishes a TTL logic 0 at the LOGIC OUT connector.
LOGIC 1: Establishes a TTL logic 1 at the LOGIC OUT connector.
Note: LOGIC 0 and LOGIC 1 can be used to control an external device using the
application software.
EXT SYNC BNC Connector: This TTL input allows data acquisition to be
synchronized with external events. The sense can be positive or negative (set via
software). See Chapter 8, Timing Modes.
16 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
CCD and Intensifier Enclosure
The camera is shipped backfilled to 1 psi (gauge), which is good for the lifetime of the
camera. If the camera intensifier/CCD enclosure should accidentally be opened to the
atmosphere, immediately shut down the system. Contact Princeton Instruments Customer
Support for further instructions.
WARNING!
Operating an I-PentaMAX camera that is no longer backfilled with dry air or nitrogen
may result in condensation on the array and intensifier that could cause irreversible
damage. Such damage would not be covered by the warranty.
Temperature/Power Supply Unit Features
TEMPERATURE °C
ACTUAL
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
STATUS
C
TEMP SET
SET POINT
H
ON
OFF
ERROR
POWER
Figure 3. Temperature/Power Supply Front Panel
Temperature/Power Supply Front Panel
TEMPERATURE (°C) Panel Meter: This LCD panel meter displays either the set
temperature or the actual temperature. Note that the temperature range that can
be set extends beyond that which can be achieved. Typically, it is possible to
achieve temperature lock down to about -20°C in air-cooled operation, and a few
degrees colder with supplemental liquid cooling. Setting an out-of-range
temperature such as -70°C, for example, won’t harm the camera but it will be
impossible to establish temperature lock, necessary for good measurement
repeatability. Operating with the temperature out of range for a long time might
cause the camera to overheat and shut down. See Chapter 4.
It is important to note that, even though the system controls to within ±0.04° for
outstanding measurement repeatability, the indicated set and actual temperature
Chapter 1 Introduction 17
may still differ slightly once temperature lock has been established, typically by
0.1° C. This difference stems from the panel-meter limitations.
ACTUAL vs. SET POINT Switch: This switch allows the user to choose either the
Set Point temperature or the Actual temperature for display.
TEMP SET Knob: This knob directly sets the temperature at which the CCD array will
be controlled. That temperature will be displayed on the Temperature Display
meter when the Actual vs. Set Point switch is set to SET POINT. Turning the
knob counterclockwise, towards C, sets a colder temperature. Turning it
clockwise, towards H, sets a warmer temperature. Note that the Temperature Set
knob is equipped with a friction lock. This high turning resistance ensures that
the setting will not inadvertently change due to vibration or accidental contact.
ON - OFF Switch: Setting this switch to ON switches on the temperature control
function, causing one of the two temperature Status indicators to light, as
described in the following paragraph. If the red ERROR indicator lights, there is
an error condition that has to be corrected before temperature-control operation
can be established. Error conditions are discussed in Chapter 4.
STATUS Indicators: There are two, one yellow, the other green. The yellow one lights
to indicate that the temperature controller is active (On/Off switch to ON) but
that temperature lock has not yet been established. The green one lights when
temperature lock has been established. As long as the temperature-control
function is active, one or the other of these indicators will light, but never both at
the same time.
ERROR Indicator: Lights when there is a temperature-control error condition that
must be corrected before the temperature control loop can function properly.
Once an error indication occurs, it is always necessary to cycle the I-PentaMAX
power before normal operation can be established. Even if the source of the error
is corrected while the system is still powered, the error condition will continue to
be indicated until the power is cycled. Again, Chapter 4, Temperature Control,
contains a detailed discussion of the possible causes of a temperature-control
error indication and the appropriate remedial action to take for each.
POWER Indicator: Lights whenever the I-PentaMAX is powered. The Power switch is
located on the back panel of the Temperature/Power Supply unit.
18 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Temperature/Power Supply Back Panel
Fan: The internal fan that cools the Temperature/Power Supply electronics is located
directly behind the back-panel grill. This fan runs continuously whenever the
power is on. For proper operation, it is essential that free circulation be maintained
between the rear of the power supply and the laboratory atmosphere. If the airflow
becomes restricted, it could cause an over-temperature condition in the power
supply that would cause it to shut down, interrupting system operation.
TO CAMERA Connector: The cable that interconnects the Temperature/Power
Supply and the Camera connects to this 25-pin connector. This connector, the
cable, and the corresponding connector on the Camera are configured so that the
cable cannot be installed incorrectly. However, it is essential that the cable
connector locking screws be tightened securely to ensure reliable operation.
CAUTION
Again, the power should be off when connecting or disconnecting this cable to avoid
placing your equipment at risk.
Power Input Assembly: This assembly contains the line-cord socket, the Power
On/Off switch and the line fuse. The power requirements and fuse ratings are
printed on the panel to the right of the assembly.
The plug on the line cord supplied with the system should be compatible with the
line-voltage outlets commonly used in the region to which the system is shipped.
If the line cord plug should prove to be incompatible, a compatible plug should
be installed, taking care to maintain the proper polarity to protect the equipment
and assure user safety.
WARNING:
OFF ON
TO AVOID ELECTRICAL SHOCK,
DISCONNECT LINE CORD
BEFORE REMOVING COVER
CAUTION:
FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION
AGAINST FIRE, REPLACE ONLY
WITH FUSE OF THE SPECIFIED
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT RATINGS.
105-125V~ 2AMP T(S.B.)
210-250V~ 1 AMP T(S.B.)
200 WATTS 47-63 Hz
TO CAMERA
Figure 4. Temperature/Power Supply Back Panel
The On/Off Power rocker switch determines whether AC power will be available to the
Temperature/Power Supply. As indicated on the panel, pressing the left end of the switch
selects OFF and pressing the right end of the switch selects ON.
Chapter 1 Introduction 19
Note that there is no provision for setting the operating line voltage. None is required
because the I-PentaMAX Temperature/Power Supply unit auto-senses the applied voltage
and automatically configures itself accordingly.
However, the line fuse value does depend on the line voltage as indicated to the right of
the Power Input assembly. As mentioned in the discussion of Power Requirements on
page 26, the Power Input assembly cover can be easily removed to gain access to the fuse
so that one of the appropriate value can be installed.
Temperature/Power Supply Filter
On the bottom of the Temperature/Power Supply unit is a small recess containing a foam
filter. The supply’s internal fan draws ventilation air in through this filter, circulates it
past the internal electronics and then exhausts it through the rear-panel grill. When the
supply is resting on a typical hard surface with ready access between the ambient air and
the air intake on the bottom of the supply, there is ample cooling reserve. If this access
should be blocked, an over-temperature condition may develop, causing the temperature
regulation circuitry to shut down. This could also happen if the filter becomes very dirty
after long operation. For this reason, from time to time it is advisable to remove the filter
and clean it. Refer to the Cleaning and Maintenance section for instructions.
CAUTION
Do not operate the Temperature/Power Supply unit with the filter removed.
Grounding and Safety
The apparatus described in this manual is of the Class I category as defined in IEC
Publication 348 (Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus). It is
designed for indoor operation only. Before turning on the Temperature/Power Supply
unit, the ground prong of the power cord plug must be properly connected to the ground
connector of the wall outlet. The wall outlet must have a third prong, or must be properly
connected to an adapter that complies with these safety requirements.
WARNING!
WARNING!
If the equipment is damaged, the protective grounding could be disconnected. Do not use
damaged equipment until authorized personnel have verified its safety. Disconnecting
the protective earth terminal, inside or outside the apparatus, or any tampering with its
operation is also prohibited.
Inspect the supplied power cord. If it is not compatible with the power socket, replace the
cord with one that has suitable connectors on both ends.
Replacement power cords or power plugs must have the same polarity as that of the
original ones to avoid hazard due to electrical shock.
20 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
ESD Precautions
The CCD and other system electronics are extremely sensitive to electrostatic discharge
(ESD). To avoid permanently damaging the system, please observe the following
precautions:
• When using high-voltage equipment (such as an arc lamp) with your I-PentaMAX
system, be sure to turn the controller power on last and power the controller off
first.
• Use caution when triggering high-current switching devices (such as an arc
lamp) near your system. Transient voltage spikes can permanently damage the
CCD. If electrically noisy devices are present, an isolated, conditioned power
line or dedicated isolation transformer is highly recommended.
• Never connect or disconnect any cable while the I-PentaMAX system is powered
on. An unconnected cable segment can become electrically charged and can
damage the CCD if reconnected.
• Connect the camera-power supply cable to the Temperature/Power Supply unit
before connecting the cable to the camera.
• Disconnect the camera-power supply cable from the camera before
disconnecting it from the Temperature/Power Supply unit.
Additional Precautions
Camera and Temperature/Power Supply Unit
• Never impede airflow through the equipment by obstructing the air vents. Allow
at least a one-inch air space around any vent.
• Do not “mix and match” cameras and Temperature/Power Supply units.
Image Intensifier Controller (IIC-200, IIC-300, and IIC-100)
• Before turning on the high voltage supply to the intensifier, turn MCP GAIN to 0
gain.
Environmental Requirements
• Storage temperature -20°C to 55°C
• Operating environment 0°C to 30°C
• Relative humidity ≤50%.
Chapter 1 Introduction 21
Computer Requirements
Host Computer Type
Note: Computers and operating systems all undergo frequent revision. The following
information is only intended to give an approximate indication of computer
requirements. Please contact the factory to determine your specific needs.
PC
Type: PCI-bus based Pentium (or better).
Memory (RAM): Minimum of 64 Mbytes; possibly more depending on experiment
design and size of CCD Array.
Operating System: Windows
Interface: PCI High-Speed Serial I/O card. PCI bus Computers purchased from
Princeton Instruments as part of the I-PentaMAX system are shipped with the card
installed.
®
3.1 or higher.
Power Macintosh
Type: Power Macintosh with an available PCI card slot
Memory (RAM): Minimum of 4 Mbytes; possibly more depending on experiment design
and size of CCD Array.
Operating System: System 6.0.5 or later. IPLab™ is fully System 7 compatible, including
up to System 7.5.
Sun Workstation
Consult the factory.
SGI Workstation
Consult the factory
Application Software
The I-PentaMAX camera runs under WinView/32, Princeton Instruments' 32-bit
Windows software package designed specifically for digital imaging. WinView/32
provides comprehensive acquisition, display, and processing functions. The WinView/32
package facilitates snap-ins to permit easy customization of any function or sequence.
Windows DLLs are available to allow you to write your own software. The I-PentaMAX
camera system is also supported by a host of third-party scientific imaging packages.
®
22 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Cleaning and Maintenance
WARNING!
CAUTION
Turn off all power to the equipment and secure all covers before cleaning the units.
Otherwise, damage to the equipment or injury to you could occur.
Temperature/Power Supply
Periodic cleaning of the Temperature/Power Supply unit filter is required to ensure
adequate airflow through the unit.
To Clean the Air Filter:
1. Turn the Temperature/Power Supply unit OFF and unplug the unit from the AC
power source.
2. Place the unit upside down.
3. Grasp the filter on the bottom of the unit and remove it.
4. Shake it to dislodge the dirt.
5. Reinstall the filter.
6. Return the unit to its upright position and plug it into the AC power source.
Do not operate the Temperature/Power Supply unit with the filter removed.
Optical Surfaces
The camera's optical window may need to be cleaned due to the accumulation of
atmospheric dust. We advise that the drag-wipe technique be used. This involves dipping
a clean cellulose lens tissue into clean anhydrous methanol, and than dragging the
dampened tissue over the optical surface to be cleaned. Do not allow any other material
to touch the optical surfaces.
WARNING!
Repairs
Refer to your optics supplier for instructions on cleaning other optical surfaces.
There is nothing to clean on the inside of the nose assembly. Do not attempt to remove
the nose assembly to access the intensifier. Such an action could damage the camera and
void your warranty.
Save the original packing materials. Because the I-PentaMAX system contains no userserviceable parts, repairs must be done by Princeton Instruments. Should your system
need repair, contact Princeton Instruments technical support for instructions (telephone,
e-mail, and address information are provided on page 106 of this manual).
Use the original packing materials whenever shipping the system or system components.
Chapter 2
Installation Overview
The list and diagrams below briefly describe the sequence of actions required to
hookup your system and prepare to gather data. Refer to the indicated references
for more detailed information.
Action Reference
1. If the system components have not already been unpacked, unpack
them and inspect their carton(s) and the system components for intransit damage.
2. Verify that all system components have been received. Chapter 3, page 25
3. If the components show no signs of damage, verify that the
appropriate fuse has installed in the Temperature/Power Supply
unit.
4. Verify that the appropriate line voltage and fuses have been
installed in the High Voltage (HV) power supply unit.
5. If the WinView/32 software is not already installed in the host
computer, install it.
6. If the appropriate interface card is not already installed in the host
computer, install it.
7. Mount the camera. Chapter 3, page 28
8. With the Temperature/Power Supply unit power turned OFF,
connect the Camera-Power Supply cable to the rear of the
Temperature/Power Supply unit and then to the rear of the camera.
Secure the cable.
Chapter 3, page 25
Chapter 3, page 26
HV supply unit manual
(IIC-100, IIC-200, IIC-300,
MCP-100...).
WinView/32 manual
Chapter 3, page 30
Chapter 3, page 31
9. DANGER. With the Temperature/Power Supply unit power and
the HV supply unit turned OFF, connect the high voltage cable,
provided with the system, to the Intensifier H.V.P.S connector on
the HV supply and on the image intensifier housing. Cable
connections must be fully tightened down to prevent arcing.
10. On the HV supply, set the MCP Gain to 0 gain (fully
counterclockwise) and set the SHUTTER/GATE switch to GATE,
the AUTO BRIGHT CNTRL ON/OFF switch to OFF, and the MCP
POWER/OFF switch to OFF
11. Connect the cables from the HV supply unit to the timing generator,
trigger source and camera controller as appropriate to your
application.
23
Chapter 3, page 32
HV supply unit manual
HV supply unit manual
24 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Action Reference
12. Connect the TAXI™ cable to the camera and the interface card in
Chapter 3, page 31
the host computer. Then tighten down the locking hardware.
13. If the system is cooled by coolant circulation, make the tubing
Chapter 4, page 34
connections between the coolant circulator and the camera.
14. Turn the Temperature/Power Supply unit ON.
15. Turn the HV supply unit ON.
16. Block the light coming into the camera and switch the MCP
POWER /OFF switch to its MCP POWER position. The MCP Gain
setting should be 0.
17. Turn on the computer and begin running WinView/32. WinView/32 manual
18. Enter the hardware setup information. WinView/32 manual
19. Set the target array temperature. Chapter 3, page 33
20. When the system reaches temperature lock, switch the
Chapter 5
SHUTTER/GATE switch (on the HV supply unit) to SHUTTER,
unblock light to the camera, and begin acquiring data in focus mode.
21. Adjust the MCP Gain and the focus. Chapter 5
SHUTTER IN *
IIC-200
or
IIC-300
INTENSIFIER
H.V.P.S
HV CABLE
TO CAMERA
FROM POWER SUPPLY
LOGIC OUT**
HIGH SPEED SERIAL (TAXI)
INTERFACE CARD
λ
EXPERIMENT
* This cable connection is required
when exposure < readout time.
**This connector may be labeled NOTSCAN
on older units.
TEMPERATURE/
POWER SUPPLY
I-PENTAMAX
HOST COMPUTER
Figure 5. System Diagram: I-PentaMAX with IIC-200 or IIC-300
Chapter 3
Hardware Setup
Introduction
This chapter is provided to help you get started with your I-PentaMAX System. In
addition to descriptions of such basics as unpacking and grounding safety, the chapter
includes discussions of the requirements that have to be met before the camera can be
powered. Included are environmental, power, computer, and software requirements – all
essential to making successful measurements. Users are advised to read this chapter in its
entirety before powering up the system. Do not power up the system at any time while
carrying out the instructions in this chapter. Instructions for actual operation of the
system under power are provided in Chapter 5, First Light.
WARNING!
Image intensifiers can be destroyed if exposed to excessive light levels. Princeton
Instruments cannot take responsibility for intensifier damage due to misuse.
Unpacking
During unpacking, check the system for possible signs of shipping damage. If there are
any, notify Princeton Instruments and file a claim with the carrier. If damage is not
apparent but system specifications cannot be achieved, internal damage may have
occurred in shipment.
Checking the Equipment and Parts Inventory
The complete I-PentaMAX system consists of a camera, a temperature/power supply unit,
a high voltage supply, several cables, a set of manuals, a computer, and computer system
dependent components. Detailed information regarding cables, high voltage supplies, and
computer system dependent components is provided below:
• Camera to Power Supply cable: 25-pin cable. Standard lengths are 10 ft (PI #6050-
0184) and 15 ft (PI #6050-0228).
• Camera to Computer cable: 9-pin TAXI cable. Standard length is 25 ft (PI #6050-
0148). Lengths up to 165 ft (50 m) are available. Optional fiber optic transducers can
be used to extend this distance to as much as 2 km.
• HV Power Supply: Model IIC-200, IIC-100 High Voltage Power Supply, or a
Princeton Instruments Pulser (FG-100, FG-100H, PG-10, or PG-200) equipped with
an optional MCP-100 High Voltage Power Supply. Note that Gen II and Gen III
intensifiers require different HV Power Supplies and are not interchangeable. The
labels at the Intensifier H.V.P.S. connectors on the Power Supply and on the camera
must be identical.
25
26 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
• Camera to High Voltage supply cable: Normally supplied with the high-voltage
power supply or pulser.
• System Dependent Interface Components:
Note: An I-PentaMAX system requires a computer, which could be any one of
several different types, each requiring a different application software package. For
convenience, in discussing operating procedures, this manual refers to a PCI bus
based PC running with Princeton Instruments WinView software. Nevertheless, the
manual does apply as well to operation with other computers and software. Interface
components as follows could be required.
• PC Systems and PCI Power Mac
Speed Serial PCI Board: This board must be installed in the computer
(computers purchased from Princeton Instruments will be shipped with the board
already installed).
• Sun Workstations: Consult the factory.
• SGI Workstations: Consult the factory
Verifying Fuse Rating
The I-PentaMAX camera receives its power from the Temperature/Power Supply unit,
which in turn plugs into a source of AC power and can operate from a line voltage in the
range of 105-125 V or 210-250 V AC. The power requirement is 200 Watts maximum
and the line frequency can range from 47 to 63 Hz. Because the Temperature/Power
Supply unit senses the line voltage automatically, no action is required of the user if the
line-voltage selection is changed. However, the line fuse is line-voltage dependent as
indicated on the rear panel of the Temperature/Power Supply unit. Systems are ordinarily
equipped with the proper fuse for the customary line voltage for the region to which they
are being shipped.
Again, do not power up the system at any time while carrying out the instructions in this
chapter. Instructions for actual operation of the system under power are provided in
Chapter 5, First Light.
™
Systems: Princeton Instruments (RSPI) High
Table 1 shows the required fuse rating for each line voltage range. Only operate with a
fuse correctly rated for the intended line voltage. If the wrong fuse is installed, the
system will not be properly protected and the fuse may fail.
To verify that the installed fuse is correct:
1. Unplug the line cord from the power-input socket at the rear of the
Temperature/Power Supply unit.
2. Insert a small screwdriver into the recess at the top of the Power Input assembly as
shown in Figure 6 and pry open the cover.
3. Use the screwdriver to loosen the fuse carrier. Note the orientation of the arrow on
the fuse carrier. Then, grasp the fuse carrier and pull it straight out of the Power
Input assembly.
Chapter 3 Hardware Setup 27
Figure 6. Power Input Assembly (Fuse Access)
4. Remove the fuse and check to be sure that its current rating is correct for the
intended operating voltage. Replace the fuse if necessary.
5. After verifying that the fuse is correct, or after installing the new fuse in the carrier,
should that be necessary, insert the fuse carrier into the Power Input assembly. Make
sure the arrow is pointing in its original direction.
6. Return the Power Input assembly cover to its original position and snap it into place
to complete the procedure.
Voltage Fuse
105-125 V (US)
210-250 V (Europe)
Table 1. Voltage and Fuse Selection
2 A slow-blow, ¼″x1¼″
1 A slow-blow, ¼″x1¼″
28 I-PentaMAX System Manual Version 3.A
Mounting the Camera
General
The I-PentaMAX camera can be mounted either horizontally or vertically (nose up or
nose down). The camera can rest on any secure surface. Also, there is a standard ¼″ × 20
UNC thread 5/8″ deep hole on the bottom of the camera behind the lens mount for
mounting versatility. When mounted horizontally, the camera should rest on a secure
surface or be supported so that the mount doesn’t bear the camera’s weight. In many
situations it may prove convenient to secure the camera with a suitable mounting bracket.
CAUTION
In the case of cameras equipped with an F-mount, do not mount the camera in the noseup position without additional support. The F-mount is not designed to sustain large
weights in this orientation and the camera could pull free of the lens with possible
catastrophic consequences. Contact the factory for special mounting options that enable
operation in this orientation.
If the camera should be mounted in the nose-up position beneath a table, take care to
protect the mounting components from lateral stresses, such as might occur should
someone accidentally bump the camera with a knee while working at the table. Two
possible approaches to this problem would be to install a securely mounted bracket to the
camera or to install a barrier between the camera and operator so as to prevent any
accidental contact.
There are no special constraints on nose-down operation. Again, however, good
operating practice might make it advisable to use a securing bracket to prevent accidental
contact from unduly stressing the mounting components.
Microscopy
If the camera is going to be mounted to a microscope, the lens mounting instructions that
follow will not apply. Where this is the case, users are advised to skip the following
discussion and instead review Chapter 6, Microscopy Applications.
Mounting the Lens
If the lens mount adapter is purchased at the same time as the I-PentaMAX, the camera
will be supplied with the adapter installed. A C-mount lens adapter is standard. Consult
the factory for information about the availability of an F-mount.
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