ACCESS LOCATION and is designed to operate within the Normal Operating
(typical operating) ranges or conditions specified in this document. Operation of
this equipment beyond the specified ranges in this document may cause:
1. Spurious emissions that violate regulatory requirements.
2. The equipment to be automatically removed from service when maximum
thresholds are exceeded.
3. The equipment to not perform in accordance with its specifications.
It is the Operator's responsibility to ensure this equipment is properly installed and
operated within Powerwave operating specifications to obtain proper performance from
the equipment and to comply with regulatory requirements.
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Warnings, cautions, and notes are found throughout this manual where applicab le. The
associated icons are used to quickly identify a potential condition that could result in the
consequences described below if precautions are not taken. Notes clarify and provide additional
information to assist the user.
Warning
This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could
cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the
hazards involved with electrical and RF circuitry and be familiar with
standard practices for preventing accidents.
Caution This caution symbol means reader be careful. In this situation, the user
might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of
data.
Note This note symbol means reader take note. Notes contain helpful
suggestions or references to material not covered in the document.
Procedures are not contained in notes.
DCM000000054 Rev Q i
Revision Record
Revision Record
Revision Letter Date of Change Reason for Change
Q October 2005 Added 700 MHz models, misc. corrections
P July 2005 Converted Kaval Rev 14 to Powerwave Format
Table 3 LNKA Factory Set Options.............................................................................................. 2-1
iv DCM000000054 Rev Q
Chapter 1
Theory of Operation
1 Introduction
This manual contains information and procedures for installation, operation, maintenance, and
troubleshooting of the LNKA Modules. The manual is organized into the following chapters:
Chapter 1Theory of Operation Chapter 3 Antenna Installation Chapter 2 Operation Chapter 4Return for Service
1.1 Overview
A LinkNet Amplifier Module is a Broad-Band Digitally Controlled Class-A Amplifier. The most common
LinkNet Amplifier Module applications are t he extension of above g round signal s into buildings, tun nels,
vehicles or the extension of radio coverage pattern s into outdoor shad ed areas such as deep valley s.
From an applications standpoint, a LinkNet Amplifier M odule is very sim ilar to a regula r two-way radio
repeater. LinkNet Amplifier Modules can be combined using re gular two-way radio multi coupling or
duplexing equipment and have input and output sig nal characteristic s to those of regular t ransmitters
and receivers. The one special consideration in LinkNet Amplifier Module system s is that of input to
output antenna isolation. This must be carefully engi neered for each install ation.
LinkNet Amplifier Modules are designed fo r indoor use only and are intended for mo unting in a
standard EIA 19 inch rack. The Modular design of LinkNet Amplifier Module circuitry allows for easy
servicing, stocking of spares, adaptability and upgrade ability.
Also consult the main LinkNet™ Manual DCM000000008.
DCM000000054 Rev Q 1-3
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1-4 DCM000000054 Rev Q
Chapter 2
Operation
2 Introduction
This chapter contains information for the standard operation of the LNKA Modules.
2.1 Software Set-Up
The LNKA modules is shipped with the following factory set options:
Table 3 LNKA Factory Set Options
OPTION RANGE OF VALUES DEFAULT VALUE
Frequency See Model Chart Order Specific
Gain
AGC +15 to +30 dBm or Disabled +30 dBm
Module Enabled On / Off On
Default values may be changed when an order is placed. Check your orde r confirmation (shipped
with modules) for customized values.
2.2 Configuration
In line with the versatility of the LinkNetTM Platform, it is possible to reconfigure the LNKA module
in the field, either with a Personal Computer (PC) or via the optional Control Module. To use a PC
it is necessary to have a Powerwave CAB000000057 control cable to connect between the
appropriate module's DB15 connector on the back of the card-cage and the standard DB9 RS232
connector on the PC. On the PC a terminal emulation program such as HyperTerminal is used to
communicate to the LinkNet Module. The settings are 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit.
Commands are one or two words followed by pressing Return. Command s may be given in upper
or lower-case. Available commands are:
+34 to +84 dB +34 dB
ACCESS USER:Required as a simple password to gain access to customer settable
parameters and diagnostics. This will time-out after 10 minutes, and may
have to be re-typed.
HELP or ?: Displays a list of available commands.
LIST: Displays current settings and status faults, etc.
VER: Display the current version of software.
ENABLE 1 or 0: Enables or disables the module.
GAIN ###: Displays or sets the module gain (in tenths of a dB).
AGCTHRESH ###: Displays or sets the AGC level (in tenths of a dBm).
AGCEN 1 or 0: Enables or disables AGC.
Please consult Powerwave Technologies Inc. for further support.
DCM000000054 Rev Q 2-1
Derating Chart
2.3 Derating Chart
To maintain the FCC Spurious Emissions limit of -13 dBm maximum, for multiple carriers it is
necessary to derate their power level. For FM carriers, they need to be derated as shown:
NOTE: The rated mean output power for Industry Canada RSS131 is +29 dBm.
For complex CDMA, TDMA, GSM, etc. carriers, typically de-rate by a further 3 to 5 dB. Consult
Powerwave Technologies for more information.
2.4 Power On Self Test (POST)
Each module automatically performs a self-diagno stics when inserte d into the syste m card-cage.
These tests determine that the unit is correctly installed in the card-cage an d not damaged in t ransit.
•
All six of the LED’s on the front panel will flash 3 times.
•
If the LED’s do NOT flash three times, then remove the module, check the power source,
and re-insert the module, (See Installation Instructions).
If the card is “OK” the LED’s will continue normally (See Normal Operation).
•
•
If there is a fault, then the Red Fault LED will remain on. If this occurs, contact
Powerwave Technologies Inc. (Refer to Chapter 4 Return for Service).
Note! The Power On Self Test is Not an RF test, it only verifies that there is power to the unit and
that the logical circuitry is functioning.
2-2 DCM000000054 Rev Q
Fault Indications
2.5 Fault Indications
Each module continuously performs internal diagnostics. If a problem is detected it will activate its Red
Fault LED and Fault Relay. Faults detected include:
•
Over Temperature
•
Misc. Internal Faults
Detailed faults are detected by the optional gateway module. Details may also be determined via
the module's control port connector and an RS232 connected Terminal Emulator using the LIST
command.
2.6 Normal Operation
The LNKA Module has six LED’s on the face plate:
OPERATING - LED will flash GREEN when RF Data is present and unit is
operating normally.
STANDBY – Under the control of the Gateway Module.
TRANSMIT – No function on these modules.
RECEIVE – No function on these modules.
PROGRAM – Constant Amber when the unit is being re-programmed by the
controller module. This will signify that the unit is powere d on but unavaila ble for
use.
FAULT – Constant Red if the internal diagnostics for the module detect s a
problem.
Figure 2 LNKA Faceplate
DCM000000054 Rev Q 2-3
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2-4 DCM000000054 Rev Q
Chapter 3
Antenna Installation
3 Introduction
This chapter contains antenna installation and warning information for the LNKA Module s.
3.1 Antenna Installation
All antenna installation to be performed by qualified technical personnel only.
•
Antenna installation instructions and locations below are for the purpose of satisfying
•
FCC RF Exposure Compliance requirements.
Note! If multiple LinkNet™ Modules are used, the Instructions below apply to the
composite power output of all Modules when transmitting simultaneously.
The Roof Top Antenna or Antennae for linking to the Donor Site(s) is/are directional (high
•
gain) Antennae, fixed-mounted physically on the side or top of a building, or on a tower.
The Antenna Gain must be no more than 20 dBi.
Note! If multiple LinkNet™ Modules are used with output combiners into any one
Antenna, and/or multiple Antennae are used on one Roof Top, then the sum of
composite powers into all Roof Top Antennae must not exceed 20 Watts maximum.
The Roof Top Antennae location should be such that only qualified technical person nel
•
can access it, and that under normal operating conditions no other person can touch the
antenna, or approach within 10 meters of the antenna.
For the Cellular Uplink Band (824-849 MHz) the Roof Top Antenna or Antennae for
•
linking to the Donor Site(s) has the added restriction that the Effective Radiated Power
(ERP) must not exceed 7 Watts (+38 dBm). Thus, if the AGC is set (as per the Carrier
Derating Chart) to +28 dBm as an example, the maximum allowed antenna gain must be
no more than 10 dBi.
The In-Building Antenna connection is via a coaxial cable distribution system with signal
•
taps at various points connected to the fixed-mounted Indoor Antennae. The Indoor Antennae are simple 1/4 wavelength (0 dB Gain) types. They are used with Powerwave
Technologies’ 12, 16, or 20 dB cable taps. As such the maximum EIRP will be at the first
tapped antenna, which will be 12 dB below the maximum signal level of the LinkNet™
(+40 dBm); +28 dBm, or 0.63 Watts EIRP. These antennae are to be installed such that
no person can touch the antenna, or approach within 0.2 Meters.
Note! If multiple LinkNet™ Modules are used with output combiners, then the composite
power output of all Modules transmitting simultaneously must meet this maximum
EIRP requirement.
Please consult Powerwave Technologies Inc. for assistance as required.
DCM000000054 Rev Q 3-1
FCC Information to Users
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
CAUTION
ALL ANTENNA INSTALLATION IS TO BE PERFORMED BY QUALIFIED TECHNICAL
PERSONNEL ONLY.
ANTENNA INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS AND LOCATIONS ARE FOR THE PURPOSE
OF SATISFYING FCC RF EXPOSURE COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS, AND ARE NOT
OPTIONAL.
ALL ROOF TOP ANTENNA INSTALLATION MUST BE SUCH THAT NO PERSON CAN
TOUCH THE ANTENNA, OR APPROACH CLOSER THAN 10 METERS.
ALL IN-BUILDING ANTENNAE INSTALLATIONS MUST BE SUCH THAT NO PERSON CAN
TOUCH THE ANTENNAE, OR APPROACH CLOSER THAN 0.2 METERS.
3.2 FCC Information to Users
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
•
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in
a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
CHANGES OR MODIFICATIONS NOT EXPRESSLY APPROVED BY POWERWAVE
TECHNOLOGIES INC. COULD VOID THE USER’S AUTHORITY TO OPERATE THE
EQUIPMENT.
CAUTION
3-2 DCM000000054 Rev Q
Chapter 4
Return for Service
4 Introduction
This chapter contains return for servi ce and part s and accesso ries information fo r the LNKA Modul es.
4.1 Return For Service Procedure
When returning products to Powerwave Technologies Inc., the following procedures will ensure
optimum response.
4.1.1 Obtaining An RMA
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained prio r to returning eq uipment to the
factor for service. Please contact our Repair Department at +1 (714) 466-1000 to obtain this number, or
FAX your request to +1 (714) 466-5816 or
number may result in delays in receiving repair service.
4.1.2 Repackaging For Shipment
To ensure safe shipment of the amplifier, it is recomme nded that the or iginal package de signed for
shipping the amplifier be reused. If it is not availabl e, contact Powerwav e Technologies Inc. Cu stomer
Service Department for packing materials.
mailto:RMA@PWAV.COM. Failure to obtain this RMA
4.2 Parts and Accessories
Parts and Accessories for the LNKA Modules may be pu rchased by co ntacting Powerwave
Technologies Inc. at 1-888-PWR-WAVE. When ordering a replacement part, please provide model
number, serial number and software versio n number.
DCM000000054 Rev Q 4-1
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