Power One AURORA PVI-10.0/12.5-OUT-xx, AURORA PVI-3600-OUTD-IT Operation And Installation Manual

AURORA

Photovoltaic Inverters

INSTALLATION AND OPERATOR'S

MANUAL

Model number: PVI-10.0/12.5-OUT-xx PVI-3600-OUTD-IT Rev. 1.2

®

Operation and installation manual Page 2 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

REVISION TABLE

Document

Revision

Author Date Change Description

1.0 Federico
Mastronardi

21/07/2008 First release

1.1 Federico
Mastronardi

06/08/2008 - Removed paragraphes on

display menù

- Updated text

- Updated paragraph 2.2

1.2 Federico
Mastronardi

01/09/2008 - Updated automatic cut-out size

(pag.26)

- Updated output values

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS !

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

POWER-ONE: Reproduction and disclosure, even partially, of the contents of this

manual are strictly forbidden without prior authorization of Power­One.

Operation and installation manual Page 3 of 82
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IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

This manual contains important safety and operational instructions that must be
accurately understood and followed during the installation and maintenance of the
equipment.
To reduce the risk of electrical shock hazards, and to make sure the equipment is
safely installed and commissioned, special safety symbols are used in this manual to
highlight potential safety risks and important safety information. The symbols are:

WARNING: the paragraphs highlighted by this symbol contain processes
and instructions that must be absolutely understood and followed to avoid
potential danger to people.

NOTE: the paragraphs highlighted by this symbol contain processes and
instructions that must be rigorously understood and followed to avoid
potential damage to the equipment and negative results.

The equipment is provided with several labels, some of them with a yellow
background, which are related to safety issues.
Make sure to read the labels and fully understand them before installing the
equipment.
The symbols are:

Equipment grounding conductor (Main grounding protective earth,
PE)

Alternate Current (AC) value

Direct Current (DC) value

Phase

Grounding (Earth)

Operation and installation manual Page 4 of 82
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IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION AND SAFETY STANDARD

FOREWORD

¾ The installation of Aurora must be performed in full compliance with national and

local standards and regulations.

¾ AURORA features no spare parts.

For any maintenance or repair please contact the nearest authorized repair center.
Please contact your reseller if you need to know the nearest authorized repair
center.

¾ Read and understand all the instructions contained in this manual and become

familiar with the safety symbols in the relevant paragraphs before you install and
commission the equipment.

¾ The connection to the distribution grid must be done only after receiving approval

from the distribution utility as required by national and state interconnection
regulations, and can be done only by qualified personnel.

¾ Keep the whole surface of the photovoltaic panel covered with material opaque to

solar radiation before connecting panel to equipment; this will ensure that no
dangerous high voltage is present at AURORA connection cables.

GENERAL

During inverter operation, some parts could be live, some not properly insulated and,
in some cases, some parts can move or rotate, or some surfaces may be hot.
Unauthorized removal of the necessary protections, improper use, wrong installation
or wrong operation may lead to serious damage to people and objects.
Transport, handling, installation, start-up and maintenance must be performed by
qualified and trained personnel (all accident prevention rules in force in the user's
country must be observed! ! !).
According to these basic safety rules, qualified and trained people have skills for the
assembling, start-up and operation of the product, as well as the necessary
requirements and qualifications to perform such operations.

Operation and installation manual Page 5 of 82
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ASSEMBLY

Devices shall be assembled and cooled according to the specifications mentioned in
the relevant literature.
In particular, during transport and handling, parts shall not be bent and/or the
insulation distances shall not be changed. Devices shall not get in contact with any
electronic components or connection terminals.
Electrical parts must not be mechanically damaged or broken (potential health risk).

ELECTRICAL CONNECTION

When working with the inverter energized, comply with all prevailing national
regulations on accidents prevention.
Electrical connections shall be carried out in accordance with the applicable
regulations, such as conductor sections, fuses, PE connection.

OPERATION

Systems with inverters shall be provided with further control and protective devices in
compliance with the corresponding prevailing safety rules, such as those relating to the
compliance with technical equipment, accident-preventing regulations, etc. Any
calibration change shall be made using the operational software. After disconnecting
the inverter from distribution grid, wait for capacitors to discharge before
servicing/touching any live part and electric connection. Comply with all
corresponding marks and symbols present on each device. During operation, make
sure that all covers and doors are closed.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING

Comply with manufacturer's instructions.

SAVE ALL DOCUMENTS IN A SAFE PLACE !

Operation and installation manual Page 6 of 82
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PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx

This document applies to the above-mentioned inverters only.

Fig.1 - Product label

The product label on the inverter provides the following information:

1) Manufacturing Part Number

2) Model Number

3) Serial Number

4) Week/Year of Manufacture

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TABLE OF CONTENTS:

1 FOREWORD ............................................................................ 10

1.1 PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY ............................................................... 10

2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM ....................................... 11

2.1 KEY ELEMENTS OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM: “STRINGS” AND

“ARRAYS” ......................................................................................................... 11

2.2 AVAILABLE VERSIONS............................................................................ 14

2.3 DATA TRANSMISSION AND CHECK......................................................... 16

2.4 AURORA TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION..................................................... 16

2.5 PROTECTIVE DEVICES............................................................................. 18

2.5.1 Anti-Islanding.................................................................................... 18

2.5.2 Ground fault of the photovoltaic panels ............................................ 18

2.5.3 Further Protective Devices................................................................ 18

3 INSTALLATION...................................................................... 19

3.1 PACKAGE INSPECTION............................................................................ 19

3.2 INSPECTING PACKAGE CONTENTS........................................................... 20

3.3 SELECTING THE PLACE OF INSTALLATION .............................................. 21

3.4 WALL MOUNTING................................................................................... 22

3.5 BEFORE PERFORMING THE ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS .......................... 25

3.6 ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS ................................................................... 28

3.7 PROCEDURE FOR GAINING ACCESS TO INTERNAL TERMINAL BOARDS

BY REMOVING THE FRONT PANEL ......................................................................... 33

3.8 CHANGING THE LITHIUM BATTERY OF THE TYPE CR2032 ...................... 34

3.9 CHANGING THE MEMORY ....................................................................... 34

3.10 CHANGING THE RS485 PIGGYBACK BOARD ........................................... 35

4 START-UP ................................................................................ 36

5 MONITORING AND DATA TRANSMISSION................... 37

5.1 USER INTERFACE MODE.......................................................................... 37

5.2 TYPES OF AVAILABLE DATA ................................................................... 39

5.2.1 Real-time operation data ................................................................... 39

5.2.2 Data stored inside the unit................................................................. 40

5.3 LED INDICATORS ................................................................................... 41

5.4 ERROR CODES AND MESSAGES ............................................................... 44

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5.5 LCD .......................................................................................................47

5.5.1 System connection to the grid .............................................................47

5.5.2 Error Messages ..................................................................................49

5.5.3 First stage, checking the various electrical parameters.....................49

5.5.4 Main menu..........................................................................................53

5.5.5 Statistics .............................................................................................53

5.5.5.1 Lifetime ...................................................................................54

5.5.5.2 Partial....................................................................................... 54

5.5.5.3 Today....................................................................................... 54

5.5.5.4 Last 7 days............................................................................... 55

5.5.5.5 Last Month...............................................................................55

5.5.5.6 Last 30 days.............................................................................55

5.5.5.7 Last 365 days...........................................................................55

5.5.5.8 User period .............................................................................. 56

5.5.6

Settings...............................................................................................57

5.5.6.1 Address ....................................................................................57

5.5.6.2 Display set ...............................................................................58

5.5.6.3 Service ..................................................................................... 59

5.5.6.4 New password ......................................................................... 59

5.5.6.5 Cash ......................................................................................... 59

5.5.6.6 Time......................................................................................... 59

5.5.6.7 Language .................................................................................60

5.5.6.8 START voltage........................................................................60

5.5.6.9 Alarm.......................................................................................60

5.5.6.10 Remote control....................................................................61

5.5.6.11 UV Prot.time.......................................................................62

5.5.6.12 Alarm Message ...................................................................62

5.5.7

Info .....................................................................................................63

6 DATA COMMUNICATION AND CHECK ......................... 64

6.1 CONNECTION THROUGH RS-485 SERIAL PORT OR WITH RJ12

CONNECTORS ........................................................................................................ 64

6.1.1 RS-485 Serial Port..............................................................................64

6.1.2 RJ12 Connectors ................................................................................65

6.1.3 Daisy chain .........................................................................................66

6.2 ACCURACY OF MEASURED VALUES.........................................................68

7 TROUBLESHOOTING........................................................... 70

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8 SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................. 72

8.1 INPUT VALUES........................................................................................ 72

8.2 OUTPUT VALUES .................................................................................... 75

8.3 GRID PROTECTION FEATURES................................................................. 76

8.4 GENERAL FEATURES .............................................................................. 76

8.5 POWER DERATING ................................................................................. 77

8.6 NOTE ABOUT THE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION BUILT IN THE
P

OWER-ONE AURORA INVERTERS........................................................................ 79

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1 FOREWORD

This document contains a technical description of AURORA photovoltaic inverter so
as to provide the installer and user all the necessary information about installation,
operation and use of AURORA.

1.1 PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

Industrialized countries (greater energy consumers) have been experimenting energy­saving methods and reduced pollutant levels for many years thanks to the energy­conversion process. This may be possible through a shrewd and rational consumption
of well-known resources, and also by looking for new forms of clean and not
exhaustible energy.
Regenerating sources of energy are fundamental to solve this problem. Under these
circumstances, solar energy exploitation to generate electrical (photovoltaic) energy is
becoming more and more important world-wide.
Photovoltaic energy, in any case, is of great advantage to the environment because the
radiated energy we receive from the sun is transformed directly into electrical energy
without any combustion process and without producing any pollution.

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2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM

The AURORA inverter is capable of feeding a power grid using the power generated
by photovoltaic panels.
Photovoltaic panels transform the sun-radiated energy into electrical energy in the
form of direct (DC) current (through a photovoltaic field, also known as PV
generator). In order to utilize this energy and feed it back to the distribution grid, this
energy shall be turned into alternating (AC) current. Aurora does this conversion, also
known as DC to AC inversion, in a very efficient way, without using rotating parts but
just static power electronic devices.
When used in parallel with the grid, the alternate current generated by the inverter is
directly fed to the household distribution circuit, which is in its turn also connected to
the public power distribution grid.
The solar energy system powers all connected electric items: lighting, household
appliances, etc.
When the photovoltaic system is not generating sufficient energy, the power required
to ensure proper operation of connected loads is taken from the public power grid.
While if the produced energy is too much, it is directly fed to the grid, thus becoming
available to other users.
According to national and local standards and regulations the produced energy can be
sold to the grid or credited to the user against future consumption, thus granting a great
saving of money.

2.1 Key elements of a photovoltaic system: “STRINGS” and “ARRAYS”

The so-called STRINGS technology has been developed in order to reduce the
installation costs of a photovoltaic system as much as possible. These costs are mainly
related to the wiring operations on inverter DC side and the consequent distribution on
the AC side.
A photovoltaic panel is composed of many photovoltaic cells assembled on the same
mount. A STRING is composed of a certain number of panels electrically connected in
series. An ARRAY is composed by one or more strings connected in parallel.
Larger photovoltaic systems may be implemented by using several arrays connected to
one or more AURORA inverters.
The greater the number of panels in each string, the lower the cost and the less
complex the wiring connections of the system.

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Fig.2 - Array Composition

WARNING: Aurora DC voltage input shall not exceed 850 Vdc or

damages to the equipment could result. Overvoltage up to 900 Vdc is
allowed for 2 hours per day. At any rate, exceeding 850 Vdc input causes an
alarm warning by AURORA.

NOTE: The minimum input voltage required to start up AURORA is 200
Vdc; a certain voltage is required to start the grid connection sequence (can

be set from 250 Vdc to 500Vdc) and default setting is 360 Vdc. Once
connected, Aurora will transfer power to the distribution grid for any input
DC voltage value, between 70% of set starting voltage and 850 Vdc.

Operation and installation manual Page 13 of 82
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The total current of an array must also be within the capability limits of the inverter.
For AURORA, the maximum current from any input can never exceed 18 Adc.
AURORA PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx models can serve two separate arrays.
If the photovoltaic system exceeds the capacity of a single inverter, it is possible to
add more AURORA inverters to the system and connect every one of them to a
suitable section of the photovoltaic field on Dc side, as well as to distribution grid on
Ac side.
Each Aurora inverter will work independent of the others and will output to the grid
the maximum power available from its own section of the photovoltaic panels.
There are several factors and considerations to be taken into account when designing a
photovoltaic system, such as the type of panels, available room, location, long-term
target output, etc. The system configurator available on Power-One's web site at
www.power-one.com

may help in sizing a photovoltaic system.

Fig.3 - Simplified diagram of a photovoltaic system

AC disconnect

DC disconnect

Operation and installation manual Page 14 of 82
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2.2 Available versions

PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD
PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-FS

Models ending by FS-IT are supplied with built-in DC switch
1000V, 25A and protection fuses as shown in Fig.3B.

Fig.3A - Inverter function chart with no built-in DC switch.

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Fig.3B - Inverter function chart with built-in DC switch and fuses.

DC/AC

Inverter

≈

A

C

Output

+ PV Input 1

- PV In

p

ut 1

+ PV In

p

ut 2

- PV Input 2

DC

PVI-10.0-OUTD-FS / PV I - 12 .5-OUTD-FS

- PV Input

- PV Input

- PV Input

+ PV Input
+ PV In

p

ut

+ PV In

p

ut

- PV Input

- PV Input

- PV Input

+ PV Input
+ PV In

p

ut

+ PV In

p

ut

MPPT 1

MPPT 2

10A - 900V

N

U
V

W

Operation and installation manual Page 16 of 82
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2.3 Data Transmission and Check

When more than one inverter is used, remote monitoring can be implemented through
a sophisticated communication system based on an RS-485 serial interface. An
optional Aurora Easy-Control system is also available for remote monitoring via the
Internet, analog modem or GSM digital modem.

2.4 AURORA Technical Description

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of AURORA. The main blocks are Dc-Dc input
converters (also called “boosters”) and the output inverter. Both DC-DC converters
and output inverter operate at a high switching frequency to enable a compact design
and relatively low weight.
This version of AURORA does not include a transformer, i.e. with no galvanic
insulation between input and output. Without the transformer, conversion system
efficiency is further enhanced. Moreover AURORA is equipped with protections to
guarantee safe operation and compliance with safety standards, even without the
transformer, as described in the paragraph about protections.

Fig.4 - Block diagram of AURORA

Operation and installation manual Page 17 of 82
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The block diagram shows model AURORA PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx with its two
input Dc-Dc converters and each converter is dedicated to a separate array with
independent Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control. This means that the
two arrays can be installed in different positions and orientations. Each array is
controlled by an MPPT control circuit. In the wind version, the two converters are
connected in parallel to rectifier output.
Thanks to its high efficiency and generously sized heat sink, the AURORA inverter
provides maximum power operation in a broad range of ambient temperatures.
The inverter is controlled by two independent DSPs (Digital Signal Processors) and
one central microprocessor.
Connection to the distribution grid is then monitored by two independent computers,
complying with the electrical standards both concerning system power supply and
safety.
AURORA operating system communicates with the relevant components to analyse
data.
This process ensures optimal performance levels of the whole units, as well as a high
efficiency under all insolation and load conditions, always in full compliance with the
applicable directives, standards and regulations.

Operation and installation manual Page 18 of 82
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2.5 Protective devices

2.5.1 Anti-Islanding

When the local power distribution grid fails due to a fault or when the equipment is
shut down for maintenance operations, Aurora shall be physically disconnected under
safety conditions, so as to protect the people working on the grid, in full compliance
with the applicable prevailing national standards and regulations. To avoid any
possible islanding operation, Aurora is provided with an automatic disconnection
protective system called “Anti-Islanding”.
The AURORA PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx

model is equipped with a state-of-the-art

anti-islanding protection system certified to the following standards and regulations:

¾ CEI 11-20 and ENEL DK-5940 Regulation (in Italy)

2.5.2 Ground fault of the photovoltaic panels

This version of AURORA shall be used with panels connected in a “floating” way, i.e.
with positive and negative terminal not connected to the ground. A top-notch ground
fault protection circuit constantly monitors the ground connection and turns off
AURORA when a ground fault is detected, indicating ground fault condition through a
red LED on the front panel. AURORA inverter is equipped with a terminal for system
ground lead; please refer to section 3.6 (step 3) for further details.

NOTE: For more details of AURORA shutdown or possible causes of
malfunction, please refer to sections 5.3 and 5.4

2.5.3 Further Protective Devices

Aurora is equipped with additional protections to guarantee safe operation under any
circumstances. The protections include:

¾ constant monitoring of grid voltage to ensure that voltage and frequency remain

within the specified operational limits (in accordance with DK5940);

¾ inner temperature control to automatically limit the power any time this is

necessary to avoid unit overheating (heatsink temperature ≤70°C [158°F]).

Many control devices are fitted to AURORA making its structure redundant, but
at the same time ensuring a perfect and fully safe operation.

Operation and installation manual Page 19 of 82
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3 INSTALLATION

WARNING: The electrical installation of AURORA must be performed in

compliance with applicable local and national standards and laws.

WARNING: The connection of AURORA to the electrical distribution grid
must be performed only after receiving authorization from the utility that
operates the grid.

3.1 Package Inspection

NOTE: The distributor delivered your AURORA to the carrier safely

packaged and in perfect condition. Upon acceptance of the package, the

carrier assumes responsibility for its safe delivery. In spite of careful
handling, transport damage to package or its content is always a possibility.

The customer is encouraged to perform the following checks:

¾ Inspect the shipping box for apparent damage, such as holes, cracking or any sign

of possible damage to its contents.

¾ Describe any damage or shortage on the receiving documents and have the

carrier sign his/her full name.

¾ Open the shipping box and inspect the contents for internal damage. While

unpacking, be careful not to discard any equipment, parts or manuals. If any
damage is detected, call the delivering carrier to determine the appropriate action.
Save all shipping material for the event the carrier sends an inspector to verify
damage!

¾ If the inspection reveals damage to the inverter call your local supplier or the

authorized distributor. They will determine if the equipment should be returned
for repair. They will also provide instructions on how to get the equipment
repaired;

¾ It is the customer's responsibility to file a claim with the carrier. Failure to file a

claim with the carrier may void all warranty service rights for any damage;

¾ Carefully store away AURORA original packaging since it shall be used in case

it is necessary to ship it for repair.

Operation and installation manual Page 20 of 82
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3.2 Inspecting package contents

Description Quantity (No.)

AURORA inverter 1

Bag containing:
5 screws 6.3x70, 5 blocks SX10, 5 washers M6, 1 fairlead
M20, 1 fairlead M40, 2 cables AWG12 for jumpers, 1 seal
type 36A3M20, 1 cylinder TGM58, 1 wrench Torx20, 1 nut
1143M40N, 6 Male MULTICONTAC counterparts, 6 Female
MULTICONTAC counterparts.
6 Multicontact positive caps and 6 Multicontact negative
caps, already assembled to the inverter

1

One copy of this manual 1

One certificate of warranty 1

CD-ROM with communication software 1

Operation and installation manual Page 21 of 82
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3.3 Selecting the place of installation

Place of installation should be selected based on the following considerations:

¾ AURORA shall be set at a suitable height from the ground to enable easy readout

view of the display and the state LEDs.

¾ Select a well ventilated place sheltered from direct sun radiation. Choose a place

that allows unobstructed air flow around the unit.

¾ Allow sufficient room around the unit to enable easy installation and removal of

the object from its mounting surface.

¾ Hardware and software maintenance is mostly done from the front panel. It is then

necessary to easily gain access to this side, or you will have to remove the unit
from its mounting surface.

The following figure shows the recommended minimum clearances around the
inverter:

Fig.5 - Place of installation - Minimum clearances around AURORA

200mm (8”)

150mm (6”)

Operation and installation manual Page 22 of 82
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3.4 Wall mounting

AURORA shall be mounted in a vertical position, as shown in figure 6.
In the package you will find a kit consisting of 5 steel screws 6.3x70 (with 5 M6
washers) and 5 blocks SX10 necessary to fasten the metal bracket onto a wall. Screws
and blocks can be fitted into the 3 holes provided onto the metal bracket (Part C) and
then into the two holes available on inverter bottom (Part B)

WARNING: fasten bracket horizontally on wall, its side provided with
springs shall be facing up, while the side with mounting holes shall be facing
down.

The diameter of the holes to be drilled on the wall is 10 mm, and minimum depth is
75mm.
Installer shall use suitable mounting material, according to the wall material. It is
recommended to always use stainless steel screws.

Fasten AURORA to springs (Part D) located on bracket top part, by means of the
metal mount fastened to inverter back plate top part. This metal plate features some
drafts at the point where bracket springs fasten (Part A).
Once inverter top part is fixed, fasten the bottom part by fitting the screws in the
provided holes.

AURORA FRONT END AURORA BACK

Part A

Part B

Operation and installation manual Page 23 of 82
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Fig.6 - AURORA wall-mounting

NOTE: Ensure Aurora is not exposed to direct sun radiation or other external

heat sources, including heat from units below it (see fig.7). Indeed, the heat
generated by the inverters of the bottom rows could increase ambient
temperature to the detriment of the inverters located in the top rows. At
temperature above 50°C, output power of the top row units could be derated.

Derating is more marked in case of high output power and high ambient

temperature. For proper cooling, make sure to install AURORA so as to
allow unobstructed air flow (for instance, never with the front panel facing a
solid surface).

Part A

Part C

Part D

Part B

Part D

Part C

Operation and installation manual Page 24 of 82
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RECOMMENDED POSITION

Fig.7 - Recommended installation layout of Aurora inverters

NOTE: Although the unit can also be installed in a slanted position (see fig.

8), pay utmost attention since in this case performance could be reduced
(Derating), due to worse heat sinking.

WARNING: Unit surface may become very hot to the touch during
operation. DO NOT touch unit surface to avoid severe burns.

Fig.8 - Mounting in slanted position

Deratin

g

- 5° 5 °

0

°

Deratin

g

Derating

NO Deratin

g

Operation and installation manual Page 25 of 82
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3.5 Before performing the electrical connections

WARNING: The electrical connections can be made only after AURORA

is firmly secured to the wall.

WARNING: The connection of AURORA to the electrical distribution grid
must be performed by qualified operators and anyway only after receiving
authorization from the utility that operates the grid.

WARNING: For a step-by-step description of the correct procedure, please
read - and closely follow - the instructions provided in this section (and its
subsections) and all safety warnings. Any operation non-complying with the
instructions below could lead to operator/installer hazards and to equipment
damage.

WARNING: Always respect the nominal ratings of voltage and current
specified in section 8 (Technical Data) when designing your system. Please
observe these considerations when designing the photovoltaic field:

¾ Maximum DC voltage input to each MPPT circuit: 850 Vdc.
¾ Maximum DC current input to each MPPT circuit: 18 Adc under any

condition.

WARNING: Check the National and local standard regulations to make
sure your electrical installation design is in compliance with them.

NOTE: As shown in the standard assembly diagram (see Fig. 9), a

disconnect (thermal automatic cut-out) shall be installed on Ac output
section, in-between AURORA and the distribution grid. The features of such
a disconnect or automatic cut-out are 25 A and 440 V. It is possible to use a
three-pole device (if the inverter is in three wire reading mode) or a four-wire
device (if the inverter is in four wire reading mode).

Operation and installation manual Page 26 of 82
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Fig.9 - Connection diagram

WARNING: When disconnecting AURORA from the grid, always open the

AC disconnect before the DC disconnect.

WARNING: When selecting the power supply cables for AURORA
connection, please carefully consider nominal operating voltage, insulation
voltage, maximum operating temperature, current density and flammability

rating. All of these values must comply with the maximum current density
ratings required by applicable local rules.

A key consideration in cable selection is cable loss, as exceeding loss will
lead to derating.

For connection to the distribution grid, maximum cross-section of leads to be
mounted to terminal boards is 16 sq. mm for stiff cables and 10 sq. mm for
Bowden cables. Supplied M40 fairlead diameter is within the range 19mm –
28mm.

Operation and installation manual Page 27 of 82
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On inverter bottom you can find, from right to left (see Fig. 10):

¾ 2 holes plugged off with sealed caps. Removing them you can gain access to the

connectors for data serial transmission, through RS485 line. A hole for input
serial cable and the other one for the output cable (if any) (for connecting many
inverters in a daisy-chain configuration, see Chapter 6).

¾ 2 holes plugged off with sealed caps. Remove them to route wires for remote

control / alarm warnings.

¾ 1 hole plugged off with sealed cap. Remove it to route a PE ground cable other

than the five-pole cable for AC connection (if any).

¾ Label for AC grid connection

Fig. 10 - Connections available on inverter bottom and relevant marking

WARNING: When making the electrical connections follow this exact

procedure to avoid exposure to dangerous voltages. Each step of the

procedure is explained in the following paragraphs. To disconnect
AURORA, follow “Step 1/5 and 2/5”, and then disconnect both AC and DC
connectors.

Operation and installation manual Page 28 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

3.6 Electrical Connections

Step 1/5: Open grid disconnect (Ac)

Step 2/5: Open photovoltaic field disconnect (Dc)

Step 3/5: Open the front panel removing the 6 safety bolts

Step 4/5: Connect AURORA to Ac grid disconnect

WARNING: use suitable low-impedance cables to connect AURORA to

AC disconnect.

WARNING: AURORA inverter shall be connected to AC disconnect by
means of a five-pole cable: three phase cables, one neutral cable and a
yellow-green cable for ground (PE).

1) Lay out the cable between AURORA and the AC disconnect

2) connect the three-pole cable to Aurora by means of the fairlead on the

mechanical parts

3) Connect the 5 cables as follows:

- Terminal for Protective Earth PE

- terminal R for Line R,

- terminal S for Line S.

- terminal T for Line T.

- terminal N for neutral.

Fig.11 - Terminal board for AC cables connections

Operation and installation manual Page 29 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

WARNING: Do not reverse any phase and neutral as this might make the
system unsafe to run and cause malfunctioning.

NOTE: If you have installed a meter between the AC disconnect and
AURORA, follow the same procedure outlined above when connecting the

meter.

Step 5/5: Connect AURORA to Dc photovoltaic field disconnect

Power-One warmly recommends to use two separate arrays any time that it
is possible, each one having a current capacity of less than 18 Adc, and to
connect each array to an input section of AURORA inverter.

WARNING: Ensure that photovoltaic field voltage polarity matches the “+”
and “-” symbols. Before connecting Aurora with the photovoltaic field,
Power-One recommends to check, using a proper gauge, that the polarity

value and the voltage allowed value between positive and negative contacts
are correct.

Follow this procedure to connect each single array:

1) Lay down the positive cable across DC connection device and

AURORA.

2) Fit cable end into counterpart of Multicontact connector (not supplied).

3) Connect the positive cable to AURORA.

4) Lay down the negative cable across DC connection device and

AURORA.

5) Fit cable end into counterpart of Multicontact connector (not supplied).

6) Connect the negative cable to AURORA.

Operation and installation manual Page 30 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

WARNING: In some cases the system could consist of one array only.
In such a case, if array power output is lower than maximum capacity of one

AURORA section (see specifications chart) and if array current capacity is
below 18 Adc, the array could be connected just to IN1 section.
To avoid any problems when assessing panels electric insulation features, it is
recommended to short-circuit the inputs of the second section (IN2), by
connecting a cable to the relevant terminals inside inverter board, as shown in
Fig. 13. To gain access to the board you shall remove the panel on Aurora
front

Fig.12 - Connections available on a brand new unit

Operation and installation manual Page 31 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Fig.13 - Connections necessary for short-circuiting channel 2

WARNING: While, if array power output or current capacity exceed

maximum capacity of an inverter input section, it is necessary to connect in

parallel the two sections by wiring two jumpers across terminal board
terminals; it is possible to reach it after removing the cover, as described
under 3.7. The cables to make said jumpers, of 6 sq. mm cross-section
(AWG10) shall be connected across –IN1 and –IN2 terminals for the
negative, and across +IN1 and +IN2 terminals for the positive, respectively,
as shown in Fig.14. Moreover, it is necessary to set up the inverter to work
with two sections connected in parallel (one string), by positioning the switch
indicated in fig. 15 to “PAR” position

Operation and installation manual Page 32 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Fig.14 - Connection/set-up of the two channels in parallel

Fig.15 - Connection/set-up of the two channels in parallel

Operation and installation manual Page 33 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

3.7 Procedure for gaining access to internal terminal boards by removing the

front panel

WARNING: Shock hazard! Before removing the panel, disconnect

AURORA at both the AC and DC side and allow at least 5 minutes for the
internal capacitors to discharge.

Loosen the 6 screws shown in figure 16 using the supplied torx screwdriver and
remove the front panel.

Fig.16 - AURORA with front panel

After putting back the panel, tighten the screws to at least 1.5Nm (13.2 in-lbs) to
ensure sealing.

1

3

2

4

5

6

Operation and installation manual Page 34 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

3.8 Changing the lithium battery of the type CR2032

Aurora contains a lithium battery of the type CR2032. When battery is nearly flat a
message is displayed on LCD to warn about battery state.
Remove Aurora front panel (see fig.16) and this battery is in view.
The battery can not

be inserted straight onto its mount, you need to fit it from the side
(side A), tilted by about 30°. The component will settle into battery mount until
finding its correct position.

Fig.17 - AURORA battery

WARNING: This component should only be replaced by qualified

personnel.

3.9 Changing the memory

All log data about system production are stored in this memory. Should it be necessary
to change the inverter, it is possible to simply remove the memory from the old unit
and installed into the new one. In this way you lose no data and can save the present
and future daily information See fig.18

Fig. 18 - Inverter memory

Side A

Slide in tilted by
about 30°

Operation and installation manual Page 35 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

WARNING: This component should only be replaced by qualified
personnel.

WARNING: Ensure to correctly insert memory connector pins into the
connector welded onto board.

3.10 Changing the RS485 Piggyback board

It is possible to change the RS485 communication board. This board is mounted on the
logic board in a Piggyback position.

Fig. 19 - RS485 board and arrow on board for assembly purposes

WARNING: This component should only be replaced by qualified

personnel.

WARNING: Ensure to correctly insert piggyback board connector pins
into the connector welded onto board. Two arrows are printed on these

parts and indicate correct installation

Operation and installation manual Page 36 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

4 START-UP

WARNING: Do not place any items on AURORA during operation.

WARNING: When the inverter is operating, do not touch the heat sink since

some parts may become very hot and cause burns.

Set up AURORA as follows:

1) Set the DC disconnect (for photovoltaic panels), outside of the inverter, to ON.

2) Set the AC disconnect (for distribution grid), outside of the inverter, to ON.
The two devices can be closed using any sequence, there is no priority order.

3) After turning on these two switches, grid voltage and frequency parameters are
checked and shall stay within operating range set by DK5940; if no failure arise
from this check routine, the inverter starts the grid connection sequence. These
steps are indicated by the green LED flashing, corresponding to the POWER
indication, located on top of the display.
This check routine could last for several minutes (minimum 30 seconds to
maximum a few minutes), depending on grid conditions. During this routine, the
LCD displays three pages in a sequence:

• “Measuring Riso…” , connection in progress, with progress bar.

• Grid voltage value and indication of whether within specified range or

not.

• Grid frequency value and indication of whether within specified range or

not.

4) After this connection sequence, AURORA is activated and signals correct
operation by a buzzer and the green LED that turns on steady. This means that
solar radiation is sufficient to output power into the grid.

5) If grid check was negative, the unit shall repeat again the procedure until all
parameters: voltage and frequency values as well as grid configuration are within
specified range. During this stage, the green LED flashes.

Operation and installation manual Page 37 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5 MONITORING AND DATA TRANSMISSION

5.1 User interface mode

AURORA inverter generally does not require any inspection since it works in
automatic mode. When solar radiation is not sufficient to output power to the grid (for
example at night) AURORA automatically disconnects, and sets to standby mode.
The operating cycle is automatically resumed when solar radiation is sufficient. In this
case the LEDs will indicate this state.
AURORA inverter can give information about its operation by means of:

¾ LEDs
¾ LCD displaying operating data
¾ Data transmission via dedicated RS-485 serial line. Data can be collected by a PC

or data logger provided with an RS-485 port. When using the RS-485 line, it
could be useful to use the serial interface converter AURORA RS-485/RS232
model number PVI-RS232485. It is equally possible to use an optional data
logger AURORA Easy Control.

Operation and installation manual Page 38 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Fig. 20 - Data Transmission Options

Operation and installation manual Page 39 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.2 Types of available data

AURORA gives two types of data, readable through the suitable interface software.

5.2.1 Real-time operation dat a

Real-time operation data can be transmitted on request through communication lines
and are not recorded inside the inverter. To transmit data to a PC, you can use the
software AURORA Communicator, available free of charge on your installation CD
(please check on www.power-one.com

for upgrades).

Available data are:

¾ Grid voltage (phase R, S and T)
¾ Grid current (phase R, S and T)
¾ Grid frequency
¾ Power output to the grid
¾ Voltage of photovoltaic field
¾ Current of photovoltaic field
¾ Heatsink temperature
¾ Serial no. Code
¾ Week of manufacture
¾ Firmware Rev. index
¾ Daily Energy

¾ System leakage current
¾

Total Energy

¾

Partial Energy

¾ Grid average voltage of the last 10 min. (phase R, S and T)
¾ Insulation resistance
¾ Date, Time
¾ Daily Peak Power
¾ Absolut Peak Power-One
¾ Clock State
¾ E

2

PROM memory state

Operation and installation manual Page 40 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.2.2 Data stored inside the unit

AURORA stores the following data:

¾ Total counter for grid connection time
¾ Total counter for power output to grid
¾ Partial power counter (uses the same start time as partial time counter)
¾ Energy output to grid every 10 seconds in the last 8640 units of 10 seconds (on

average, recording covers more than 2 days)

¾ Partial counter for grid connection time (counter start time can be reset by means

of the software AURORA Communicator)

¾ Last 100 changes to grid connection parameters, with the indication of the

parameter code and new value.
The first three types of data are displayed on the LCD and on RS-485 interface, while
all the other types can only be viewed through the RS-485.

Operation and installation manual Page 41 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.3 LED indicators

Next to the display there are three LEDs: the first on the left (POWER) indicates that
the inverter works normally, the central one (FAULT) indicates a fault, while the one
on the right (GFI) indicates a failure to the ground.

1. The green “Power” LED indicates that AURORA works correctly.

When the unit is started this LED flashes during grid check routine. If a valid grid
voltage is detected, the LED stays on permanent, as far as there is enough solar
radiation to activate the unit. If it is not so, the LED will go on flashing until solar
radiation is sufficient for unit activation. At this stage, the LCD shows the message
“Waiting sun….”

2. The yellow “FAULT” LED indicates that AURORA has detected a fault. The

problem is displayed.

3. The red “GFI” (ground fault) LED indicates that AURORA has detected a fault to

ground in photovoltaic field DC side. When this fault is detected, AURORA
immediately disconnects from grid and the LCD shows the relevant error warning.
AURORA stays in this state until the operator presses ESC to restart the grid
connection sequence. If AURORA can not reconnect to the grid it is necessary to
contact the authorised repair center to find and remove the cause of the fault.

Fig.21 - LED layout

The following chart shows all possible combination of LEDs activation according
to AURORA operating state.

Operation and installation manual Page 42 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Legend:

LED on

LED flashing

LED off

Any of the above

LED STATUS OPERATING STATUS COMMENTS

1

green:
yellow:
red:

AURORA automatic
switch-off

Input voltage below 70% of
the start-up voltage set for
both inputs

2

green:
yellow:
red:

AURORA start-up,
loading settings and
waiting for grid check
routine

It is a transition state due to
the routine checking for all
required operating
conditions

3

green:
yellow:
red:

AURORA is powering
the grid

The machine works
normally (constant voltage
or maximum power point
tracking)

4

green:
yellow:
red:

Failure in the insulation
system

Ground leakage detected

5

green:
yellow:
red:

Failure – fault!!! Fault can be internal

or an external failure,
see warning
on the LCD

6

green:
yellow:
red:

Internal ventilation
failure

This condition indicates a
failure of the internal
ventilation.

7

green:
yellow:
red:

Grid disconnection Indicates that grid

connection is missing

Operation and installation manual Page 43 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

NOTE: Not only each inverter state is signalled through the relevant LED

that comes on or flashes, but the AURORA LCD also displays a message
that identifies the operation in progress or the detected fault/failure (see
following paragraphs).

G
Y
R

1) Night-time mode

AURORA has switched off for the night; this happens when input

power is too low to power the inverter.

G
Y

R

2) AURORA initialisation and grid check

The machine is initialising: inverter input power is sufficient;

AURORA checks that the required conditions for start-up are true
(e.g.: input voltage, insulation leakage value, etc.) and starts grid check
routine.

G
Y

R

3) AURORA is powering the grid

Once all self-tests on electronic and safety parts are completed, the

machine starts grid connection sequence.

As already stated, in this stage AURORA automatically tracks and

analyses the maximum power point (MPPT) available from
photovoltaic field.

G
Y

R

4) Faulty insulation to ground

AURORA indicates that too low insulation leakage resistance was

detected.

The problem could be connected to an insulation fault in the

connection between photovoltaic field inputs and ground.

WARNING: it is extremely dangerous to personally try to fix the

fault. Carefully follow the instructions below; contact a qualified
operator if you do not have the required training and experience to
work in safe conditions.

How to proceed after an insulation fault warning

When the red LED turns on, try first of all to reset the warning by
means of the multifunction ESC button, on the side of the LCD. If
AURORA correctly reconnects to the grid, failure cause was
temporary. It is recommended to have the system inspected by a
specialized technician if this type of malfunction occurs quite often.
If AURORA does not reconnect to the grid, it is necessary to set
AURORA in safety conditions and cut power both on the DC side and
the AC side, then contact the authorised repair centre to have the
system repaired.

Operation and installation manual Page 44 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

G
Y

R

5) Failure-Fault Warning

Any time AURORA control system detects a failure or fault of

monitored system operation, the yellow LED turns on steady and the

LCD displays a message indicating the problem found.

G
Y

R

6) Internal ventilation failure

Indicates that internal ventilation is not working properly. This should

not give any problems since the fan is only triggered in case of high

temperature and high output power.

G

Y
R

7) Grid disconnection

When the system is duly activated and operating, and grid connection

is suddenly missing, for any reason, the yellow LED immediately turns

on steady and the green one flashes.

5.4 Error codes and messages

System status is identified through Warning messages or Errors appearing on the LCD.
The tables below summarize the two types of messages that can be displayed.

MESSAGES indicate AURORA current state, they are not caused by a failure and do
not require any action. They will no longer be displayed when normal conditions are
restored. See W strings in the table below.

ALARM messages identify a possible fault of the equipment or of the connected parts.
These messages will disappear as soon as the causes are removed, except for ground
insulation faults in the photovoltaic field, which have to be corrected by qualified
personnel. Usually, when an error message appears, an action is needed. This action
will be managed as much as possible by Aurora or, in case this is not possible, Aurora
will supply all the necessary helping information to the person who will have to carry
out the maintenance operations to fix the fault on the equipment or system. See E
strings in the table below.

Operation and installation manual Page 45 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Message Error

Warning

Error

Type

Description

Sun Low W001 // Input Voltage under threshold

Input power below threshold (when off)

Input OC // E001 Input Overcurrent

Input UV W002 // Input Undervoltage

Input OV // E002 Input Overvoltage

Int.Error // E003 No parameters

No parameters

Bulk OV // E004 Bulk Overvolt ag e
Int.Error // E005 Communication Error

Communication Error

Out OC // E006 Output Overcurrent
Int. Error // E007 IGBT Sat
Sun Low W011 // Bulk Undervoltage

Int.Error // E009 Internal Error

Internal Error

Grid Fail W003 // Grid Fail

Grid parameters incorrect

Int.Error // E010 Bulk Low
Int.Error // E011 Ramp Fail

DC/DC Fail // E012 DcDc Error revealed by inverter

Inverter detected a DcDc failure

Wrong Mode // E013 Wrong Input setting (Single instead of dual)

Wrong input setup (single instead of dual)

Over Temp. // E014 Overtemperature

Excessive internal temperature

Cap. Fault // E015 Bulk Capacitor Fail

Bulk capacitors fault

Inv. Fail // E016 Inverter fail revealed by DcDc

Inverter failure detected by DcDc

Int.Error // E017 Start Timeout

Ground F. // E018 I leak fail

Leakage current error l

Operation and installation manual Page 46 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Message Error

Warning

Error
Type

Description

Int.Error // E019 Ileak Sensor fail

Leakage current error

Int.Error // E020 DcDc relay fail

DcDc relay fail

Int.Error // E021 Inverter relay fail

Inverter relay fail

Int.Error // E022 Autotest Timeout
Int.Error // E023 Dc-Injection Error
Grid OV W004 // Output Overvoltage
Grid UV W005 // Output Undervoltage
Grid OF W006 // Output Overfrequency
Grid UF W007 // Output Underfrequency

Z Grid HI W008 // Z grid out of range

Impedance out of range

Int.Error // E024 Unknown Error –

Internal Error

--------- // E025 Riso Low (Lo g Only)

Low insulation leakage (log only)

Int.Error // E026 Vref Error

Reference voltage error (VRef)

Int.Error // E027 Vgrid Measures Fault

Wrong grid voltage reading (VGrid)

Int.Error // E028 Fgrid Measures Fault

Wrong grid frequency reading (FGrid)

Int.Error // E029 Zgrid Measures Fault

Wrong grid impedance (ZGrid)

Int.Error // E030 Ileak Measures Fault

Wrong leak current reading (ILeak)

Int.Error // E031 Wrong V Measure

Wrong voltage reading V

Int.Error // E032 Wrong I Measure

Wrong current reading I

Fan Fail W010 // Fan Fail (No disconnection)

Fan failure (Log Only)

Int.Error // E033 UnderTemperature

Internal temperature

Operation and installation manual Page 47 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Message Error

Warning

Error

Type

Description

// E034 Interlock Fail (Not Used)
// E035 Remote Off

Remote switch-of f

// E036 Vout Avg

Average output voltage out of range

W012 // Clock Battery Low (No disconnection)

Clock battery low (not wor ki ng )

W013 // Clock Failure (No disconnection)

Faulty clock (not working)

5.5 LCD

5.5.1 System connection to the grid

The two-line Liquid Crystal Display is located on the front panel and shows:

9 Inverter operating status and statistics;
9 Service messages for operator;
9 Alarm messages and fault indications.

During regular operation, the display will cycle through available data. Screen pages
change every 5 seconds, or you can manually scroll through them by pressing UP (2

nd

key on display) and DOWN (3

rd

key on display).

1) When the inverter is started, the two pages below are displayed:

2) While waiting for the connection, the following pages could be displayed:

- When system is checking grid connection “Missing Grid”, the yellow LED next to

the display is steady on and the green LED is flashing.

- When waiting for the sun, “Waiting Sun”, the green LED is steady on.

- When the conditions “Missing Grid” and “Waiting Sun” are met the inverter

connection occurs.

POWER-ONE

Initialing…
Please wait

Missing Grid Waiting Sun

Operation and installation manual Page 48 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

3) Indicates the number of seconds left before completing the check on voltage and
frequency values measured at output.
As far as the Italian rules are concerned, maximum time for these checks is 20 seconds
while according to German standards it is 30 seconds.

4) Displays instant output voltage and gives information on whether this reading is
within the allowed range.

5) Displays instant output frequency and gives information on whether this reading is
within the allowed range.

6) If instant voltage reading -step 4)- and frequency reading -step 5)- are out of
allowed range, the display will cycle through the following pages

-

Next connections (page 3)

- Vgrid (page 4)

- Fgrid (page 5)

7) Instant value for insulation leakage

Meas. Riso
………………………
In range

Fout 50,17 Hz
In ran

g

e

Vout 233,8 V
In ran

g

e

Next connections:
2 secs

Operation and installation manual Page 49 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.2 Error Messages

After the connection is established, the inverter runs a test cycle; if wrong values are
found, the cycle is interrupted and an error code is displayed. To acknowledge the
error, please refer to the chart under section 5.4.
To customise the message to be displayed follow the programming procedure
explained in section 5.5.6.15 “Alarm Message”.
Until the error is rectified, the display will cycle through the following screens:

Once the error has been removed, the inverter resets all functions in progress and
restarts the connection (section 5.5.2 System connection to the grid, item 2).

- Missing grid

- Waiting sun

5.5.3 First stage, checking the various electrical parameters

GENERAL ISSUES ABOUT THE USE OF DISPLAY KEYS:

During regular operation, the display will cycle through available data. Screen pages
change every 5 seconds, or you can manually scroll through them by pressing UP (2

nd

key on display) and DOWN (3

rd

key on display).

In all cases, to go back to previous menu just press ESC (1

st

key on display).

Fig.22

Fig.23

Auto-scroll is indicated by 2 arrows in the top left corner of the display (Fig. 22).
Scrolling can be locked by pressing

ENTER (4

th

key on display) and the lock symbol

is displayed (Fig.23).

Custom msg………

Type OUTD
Part No………

S/N ………..……..
Firmware…………
In ran

g

e

ERROR
Code ……..

Operation and installation manual Page 50 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

1A) If the procedures explained under section 5.5.1 gave positive outcome, the system
continues with more check routines. The display will cycle through the following 13
pages, as described under “GENERAL ISSUES ABOUT THE USE OF DISPLAY

KEYS”.

2A) indicates the inverter serial number and revision index of loaded firmware.

3A)

E-day: Daily quantity of energy produced.
$-day: Energy saved for the day. The value is expressed in the set currency.

4A)

E-tot: Total energy produced since installation
E-par

: Partial energy produced since selected period

5A)

P-out: measured instant output power
On display second line is the highest temperature of the 2 values:
T-inv: inverter heatsink temperature
T-boost. Heatsink temperature
6A)

Ppk: peak power maximum value reached since “partial” function was activated

Ppk W
P

pk

-Day ………...W

Type OUTD
PN------------

S/N--------- xxxxxx
FW rel. C.0.1.1

E-day 0 Wh
$-da

y

0.0 EU

R

E-tot ------------­E-

p

ar 0 KWh

P-out 0 W
T-boost - °C

Operation and installation manual Page 51 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Ppk Day: indicates peak power maximum value reached during the day. Count is reset
when unit is switched off.

7A)

Vout R: measured instant value for the phase R voltage
Vout Avg R: phase R voltage average value calculated in the last 10 minutes of
inverter operation

The same page is then available for phase S and phase T.

8A)

Iout R: measured instant value for the phase R current
Fout: measured instant value for the phase R frequency

The same page is then available for phase S and phase T.

9A)

Vin 1: instant value for the input voltage, measured at input 1
Iin 1: instant value for the input current, measured at input 1

10A)

Vin 2: instant value for the input voltage, measured at input 1
Iin 2: instant value for the input current, measured at input 1

When channels are connected in parallel, the previous two pages are summarised in
one single page indicating the reading of Vin and Iin values.

Vin 2 0 V

I in 2 0.0 A

Vin 1 0 V

I in 1 0.0 A

Iout R 0.8 A
Fout 50.18 Hz

Vout R 197 V
Vout Av

g

R 0 V

Operation and installation manual Page 52 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

11A)

Pin 1: instant value for the channel 1 input power
Pin 2: instant value for the channel 2 input power

When channels are connected in parallel, the previous page only indicates Pin, without
making the difference between input channels.

12A)

Riso: measured insulation leakage value. This parameter, unlike the other parameters
described so far, is not an instant reading; this measurement is only taken upon
inverter start-up.
Ileak: measured leakage current value.

13A)

If all previous steps are OK, the inverter specified this on display first line, together
with current date and time. In case of malfunction of the clock or other inverter parts
that are “not vital for inverter operation” (the unit can still produce power), the
problem will be displayed on display second line, instead of date and time.
The error messages can be as follows:

- CLOCK FAIL indicates clock fault, contact assistance

- BATTERY LOW battery flat

- CLOCK FAIL is displayed when unit is first switched on or after changing the
battery.

- FAN FAIL: contact the assistance

- MEMORY FAIL: Collected data are no longer stored. It is necessary to contact the
assistance for servicing.

Inverter OK

Wed 17 Ma

y

11 23

Riso 0.0 Mohm
Ileak 73 mA

Pin 1 0 W
Pin 2 0 W

Operation and installation manual Page 53 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.4 Main menu

Once the above grid connection stages and electrical parameters check are completed,
it is now possible to gain access to new pages that allow you to monitor inverter
operation from various viewpoints.
Press ESC (1

st

key on display) to open 3 new pages:

GENERAL ISSUES ABOUT THE USE OF DISPLAY KEYS:

- Press UP (2

nd

key on display) and DOWN (3rd key on display) to swap from one item

to another.

- Press ESC (1

st

key on display) to go back to previous session described under section

5.5.3.

- Press ENTER (4

th

key on display) to open sub-menu of the selected option.

5.5.5 Statistics

Select the STATISTICS menu and the following sub-menu will be displayed:

5.5.6

The display only shows 2 lines, use the side keys to scroll among the items or open
every sub-menu of these items, as described under 5.5.3 GENERAL ISSUES ABOUT
THE USE OF DISPLAY KEYS.
Selected item is highlighted by an arrow on the left side, as shown below:

Lifetime

1.1.1

Par
tial

1.1.2

Info Settings Statistics

Operation and installation manual Page 54 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.6.1 Lifetime

Select "Lifetime" to view the following information:

Time: Lifetime operation time
E-tot: Lifetime energy output
Val.: Money earned
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel

5.5.6.2 Partial

Select Partial to view the following information:

Time: Total operation time since counter was last reset *
E-par: Total energy output since counter was last reset*
PPeak: peak power value measured since “partial” counter was activated
Val.: Money earned since counter was last reset*
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel since count was reset*

* All counters of this menu can be reset by pressing and holding ENTER (4

th

key on

display) for more than 3 seconds. After this time, you will hear 3 beeps.

5.5.6.3 Today

Select Today to view the following information:

E-day: Total energy output during the day
Ppeak: Peak power achieved during the day.

E-day KWh
Ppeak W
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

Time h
E-par KWh
Ppeak W
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

Time h
E-tot KWh
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

Operation and installation manual Page 55 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Val.: Money earned during the day
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel in the current day

5.5.6.4 Last 7 days

Select Last 7 days to view the following information:

E-7d: Total energy output during the last 7 days
Val. : Money earned during the last 7 days
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel in the last 7 days

5.5.6.5 Last Month

Select Last Month to view the following information:

E-mon: Total energy output during the month
Val.: Money earned during the month
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel in the current month

5.5.6.6 Last 30 days

Select Last 30 Days to view the following information:

E-30d: Total energy output during the last 30 days
Val. : Money earned during the last 30 days
CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel in the last 30 days

5.5.6.7 Last 365 days

Select Last 365 Days to view the following information:

E-365d: Total energy output during the last 365 days
Val. : Money earned during the last 365 days

E-365d KWh
Val. EUR
CO2 K

g

E-30d KWh
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

E-mon KWh
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

E-7d KWh
Val. EUR
CO2 Kg

Operation and installation manual Page 56 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

CO2: Quantity of CO2 saved if compared to fossil fuel in the last 365 days

5.5.6.8 User period

Using this function you can measure accumulated energy saving in a given period.
From “User period” page, press ENTER to open the following sub-menu:

Use keys on the display to set start and end date of the period to be considered:

¾ Use ENTER to move to the next field (from left to right)
¾ Use ESC to go back to the previous field (from right to left)
¾ Press ESC repeatedly to go back to the previous menus, as described under

5.5.3

Set date as follows:

¾ Press DOWN to scroll numbers backwards (from 31 to 1)
¾ Press UP to scroll numbers forward (from 1 to 31)

Set month as follows:

¾ Press DOWN to scroll months backwards (from December to January)
¾ Press UP to scroll months forwards (from January to December)

Should you set a wrong date, the following message will be displayed:

ERROR!
Wrong date

Start 23 June
End 28 August

User period

Operation and installation manual Page 57 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.7 Settings

Select SETTINGS from the Main menu (section 5.5.4) to display the initial screen
(password screen):

The default password is 0000. The password may be modified using the display keys:

¾ Use ENTER to move to the next digit (from left to right)
¾ Use ESC to go back to the previous digit (from right to left)
¾ Press ESC repeatedly to go back to the previous menus, as described under

5.5.3

¾ Press DOWN to scroll numbers backwards (from 9 to 0)
¾ Press UP to scroll numbers forward (from 0 to 9)

After entering the correct password, press ENTER to gain access to the information
contained in this section:

The display only shows 2 lines, use the side keys to scroll the items or open every sub­menu of these items, as described under 5.5.4 GENERAL ISSUES ABOUT HOW

TO READ THE DISPLAY.

An arrow on the left side of the display highlights your current selection. Select the
item you need and press ENTER to open the corresponding sub-menu.

5.5.7.1 Address

Address
Display Set
Service
New PW
Cash
Time
Language
Vstart
Alarm
Remote Control
UV Prot.time
Alarm Message

Password

****

Operation and installation manual Page 58 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Use this function to set addresses for the communication of each single inverter
connected to the system onto RS485 line. Available address numbers are from 2 to 63.
Press UP or DOWN to scroll available numbers.
If you do not want to manually set the address for each and every inverter, you can
select the AUTO function that will automatically set them and match them to the
inverters.

5.5.7.2 Display set

Use this function to set display features:

1) Light: display light setting:

- Press MODE to set display backlighting.
After selecting Mode with the arrow, press ENTER to open the corresponding sub­menu. The page is like this:

ON: Light always on
OFF: Light always off

AUTO: Automatic light control. Light turns on any time you press any key and stays
on for 30 sec, then gradually turns off.

2) Contrast: display light contrast
Display lighting scale is from 0 to 9.

ON
OFF
Auto

Mode
Intensit

y

Light
Contrast
Buzzer

New Address

Auto

New Address

63

AUTO

2
3
…..
…..
62
63
AUTO

Operation and installation manual Page 59 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

To select the number, press UP and DOWN to scroll and then press ENTER to
confirm.

3) Buzzer: key tone control
Select:
ON: key tone is on
OFF: key tone is off

5.5.7.3 Service

It is a function available only to installers. A special password is necessary that is
supplied by Power-One.

5.5.7.4 New password

Use this function to change the default password 0000.
To set system password, use the keys on display as follows:

¾ Use ENTER to move to the next digit (from left to right)
¾ Use ESC to go back to the previous digit (from right to left)
¾ Press ESC repeatedly to go back to the previous menus, as described under

5.5.3

¾ Press DOWN to scroll numbers backwards (from 9 to 0)
¾ Press UP to scroll numbers forward (from 0 to 9)

5.5.7.5 Cash

This function is about money gained thanks to power output.

Name: set desired currency, using keys as previously explained. Euro is the default
setting.
Val/KWh: indicates the cost of 1 KWh in the set currency. 0.50 Euro is the default
setting.

5.5.7.6 Time

Enter this section to edit time or date.

Time 14:21
Date 17 Ma

y

2006

Name EUR
Val/KWh 00.50

Operation and installation manual Page 60 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.7.7 Language

Set German or English.

5.5.7.8 START voltage

Start-up voltage can be set according to the photovoltaic field. Voltage range is 250V
to 500V. Aurora default setting is 360V. You can edit this parameter using the keys on
display.
Press ENTER to display the following page.

Select one of the two lines by pressing ENTER to set the start voltage for the two
channels, individually.

5.5.7.9 Alarm

The inverter features an alarm function that activates opening or closing of a relay
contact, access to this relay is ensured by opening the front panel as shown in Fig. 24.
For instance, this contact could be used to activate a siren or a visual alarm in case of
inverter disconnection from the grid (failed power output) or for any alarm event
generated by the system.
This function can trigger 2 different alarm modes. Press ENTER to open the
corresponding sub-menu:

VStart1

360V

Production
Fault

VStart1
VStart2

English
Deutsche

Operation and installation manual Page 61 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

An arrow on the left side of the display highlights your current selection. After
selection, press ENTER to confirm activation of chosen mode.

PRODUCTION: Activates the relay only when inverter is connected to the grid
(closing of contact across “N.O.” and “C” terminals)
FAULT: triggers relay activation (closing of contact across “N.O.” and “C” terminals)
only when an error signal is present, i.e. in case of grid disconnection, except for Input
Under Voltage.

Fig. 24 - alarm contacts terminal board

5.5.7.10 Remote control

Use this function to disable inverter manual switch-off. Selecting:

- ENABLE, ON/OFF manual function is active

- DISABLE, ON/OFF manual function is disabled, so that Aurora operation will be
only controlled by the external radiation conditions.

Manual ON and OFF input is read on the inverter digital input. When in OFF
condition, the display will cycle through the following pages:

Remote ON/OFF

Disable

Remote ON/OFF

Enable

Remote Off Waiting Rem.ON…

….to restart

Operation and installation manual Page 62 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

5.5.7.11 UV Prot.time

Use this function to set time for which the inverter stays connected after input voltage
drops below Under Voltage limit, set at 70% of selected Vstart.
Example: if you set UV Prot.time to 60 seconds, if Vin voltage drops below Vuv (70%
of selected Vstart) at 9.00 a.m., the inverter will stay connected to grid (with 0 power)
until 9.01 a.m.

Power-One sets this time to 60 seconds. The user can change this setting, from 1 sec to
3600 sec.

5.5.7.12 Alarm Message

The error message to be displayed can be programmed as follows:

Press ENTER to open the corresponding sub-menu

Select the desired function using the suitable arrow, on display left side, move it up or
down using UP (2

nd

key) and DOWN (3rd key) keys on display. After selection, press

ENTER (4

th

key) to confirm activation of chosen mode.
When opening the ENABLE/DISABLE menu, the following page is displayed. You
can use it to enable or disable message customised setting function:

With the arrow pointing at ENABLE MESSAGE, press ENTER to go to the following
message writing pages.

Alarm message

Enable / Disable
Com

p

ose message

Enable / Disable
Com

p

ose message

Enable message
Disable messa

g

e

Operation and installation manual Page 63 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Select COMPOSE MESSAGE, and write the first line of the message.

Maximum number of positions available is 16. Press 17 times the Enter key to start
writing the second line.

To write the message, use the keys on display as follows:

¾ Use ENTER (4

th

key) to move to the next position (from left to right)

¾ Use ESC (1

st

key) to move to the previous position (from right to left)

¾ Press ESC repeatedly to go back to the previous menus, as described under

5.5.3

¾ Use UP (2

nd

key) to scroll numbers, letters and symbols forward (rising order)

¾ Use DOWN (3

rd

key) to scroll numbers, letters and symbols backward

(decreasing order)

5.5.8 Info

From this menu you can view all Aurora data:

¾ Part No. (part number)
¾ Serial No. – Wk – Yr (serial number, week, year)
¾ Fw rel (firmware revision index)

Message row 2:

----------------

Message row 1:

----------------

Operation and installation manual Page 64 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

6 DATA COMMUNICATION AND CHECK

6.1 Connection through RS-485 serial port or with RJ12 connectors

6.1.1 RS-485 Serial Port

The RS-485 serial port uses a three-core cable: two signal ones and one for ground
connection. This cable is routed through holes, plugged off, located at Inverter bottom
(See Fig.25).
Supplied cable gland shall be applied in the relevant hole.

Fig.25 - Holes for RS-485 or wiring for RJ12 connectors

To help installation, the inverter features two holes to separate input cable from output
cable, if many units are connected in a daisy-chain, as described below.

1st PLUG

2

nd

PLUG

Operation and installation manual Page 65 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

After passing through cable gland, the cables shall be connected to RS-485 terminal
block, inside the unit; remove the front panel to reach it. Please refer to par.3.7 for
details on how to disassemble and correctly reassemble the front cover.

¾ Signal wires shall be connected to +T/R and –T/R terminals
¾ Ground wire shall be connected to RTN terminal

Fig.26 - Connection terminals to RS-485 serial line and S2 switch

6.1.2 RJ12 Connectors

As an alternative, inverters RS485 serial connection, both as single units or as daisy
chain, can be performed by means of the RJ12 connectors (See fig. 26).

The wiring is routed through holes, plugged off, located at Inverter bottom (See
Fig.25). Input wiring is routed through one hole and links to one of the RJ12
connectors: it makes no difference if its is no.1 or no.2 since they are connected in
parallel, and signals are thus the same.
The output wiring from the other RJ12 connector goes out from the other hole and
reaches the following unit.

RJ12 No.1 RJ12 No.2

Operation and installation manual Page 66 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

RJ12 connectors

Pin

#

Signal

Name

Description

1 Not Used

2 +TR

+ Data Line

Required for RS485 communication.

3 +R

Remote Off

Required or Remote OFF control (see chapter

5.5.6.11 for details).

4 -TR

- Data Line

Required for RS485 communication.

5 Not Used

6 RTN

Signal Return

Common reference for logical signals.

6.1.3 Daisy chain

Terminal block RS-485 or RJ12 connectors may be used to connect a single AURORA
inverter or multiple AURORA inverters daisy chained together. Up to 32 inverters can be
daisy chained. Recommended maximum daisy chain length is 1000 metres.
With multiple daisy-chained inverters, each unit must be assigned an address. See paragraph

5.5.6.1 for instructions no how to edit addresses.
The line-termination contact of the last inverter in the chain must be activated (switch S2 ­120Ω TERM in ON position). See fig.24.

Each AURORA unit is shipped with default address two (2) and S1 switch set to OFF.
In order to ensure optimal communication on the RS485 line, Power-One recommends
connecting Power-One adapter PVI-RS232485 between the first unit in the daisy-chain
system and the computer. See fig.25 for further details.
Equivalent devices available on the market may also be used for this purpose. Power-One
makes no warranties as to proper link operation when such devices are used, as no specific
testing has been conducted to establish their functionality for this particular application.

Operation and installation manual Page 67 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Please note that - unlike Aurora PVI-232485 - such devices may require implementation of
external termination impedance.
The following diagram shows how to connect multiple units in a daisy-chain configuration.

Fig.27 - Multiple daisy-chain connection

NOTE

: The RS-485 link supports up to 32 inverters. Choose any given address

between 2 and 63

NOTE

: if one or more inverters are added to the system at a later time, when

an RS-485 link is used, remember to set back to OFF the switch of the
inverter that was the last one.

RTN +T/R -T/R

1

s

t

Aurora

2

nd

Aurora

Last Aurora

S2
switch

ON

S2
switch

OFF

RS-485 cable

max. length = 1,000mt

max. inverter nodes = 31

Block Diagram: RS-485 cabling
AURORA PVI-12.5 -O U T D

PC with RS232 port

(Sub-D 9 pin male)

PVI-RS232/485

RS485 to RS232

Converter

(Sub-D 9 pin female)

RTN +T/R -T/R

(terminal block)

Data-Logger

RS485 port

RTN

+T/R -T/R

(terminal block)

Off

On

Recommended RS-485 cable t ype:

Æ LiYCY, 2x2x0.5mm (no.2 twisted

pairs) + shield

Æ RS-485 cable (1pair + 1 conductor) +

shield

RTN +T/R -T/R

S2

switch

OFF

RTN

+T/R -T/R

Operation and installation manual Page 68 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

6.2 Accuracy of measured values

Any measurement is subjected to error.
The charts below specify the following information for each measured item:

¾ unit of measurement;
¾ range;
¾ resolution.

Resolution

Name of

measured

variable

Unit of

measure

ment

Display Meas.

Max. error %

Input voltage PV
No.1

VP1 Vdc 1 V 250mV 2%

Input voltage PV
No.2

VP2 Vdc 1 V 250mV 2%

Input current PV
No.1

IP1 Adc 0.1 A 7mA 2%

Input current PV
No.2

IP2 Adc 0.1 A 7mA 2%

Power output PV
No.1

Pin1 W 1 W 6W 2%

Power output PV
No.2

Pin2 W 1 W 6W 2%

Output voltage Vout V 1 V 200mV 2%

Output current Iout A 0.1 A 20mA 2%

Output power Pout W 1 W 9W 2%

Frequency Freq Hz 0.01 0,01

0.1%

Operation and installation manual Page 69 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Resolution

Name of

measured

variable

Unit of

measure

ment

Display Meas.

Max. error %

Accumulated
energy

Energy Wh 1 Wh 4%

Time counter Lifetime

hh:mm:ss

1 s 0.2

Partial time
counter

Partial Time

hh:mm:ss

1 s 0.2

Operation and installation manual Page 70 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

7 TROUBLESHOOTING

AURORA inverters comply with the preset standards for grid operation, safety and
electromagnetic compatibility.

Before shipment, the product is inspected and tested to check operation, safety
protection devices, performance and an endurance test is conducted.

Together with Power-One quality guarantee, these tests ensure AURORA trouble-free
operation.

Nevertheless, in case of inverter malfunction find and fix the fault as follows.

9 Work in safety conditions as explained under 3.5 and following paragraphs, check

that connections across AURORA, the photovoltaic field and distribution grid are
correct.

9 Carefully check which LED is flashing and the text of the displayed warning; then

identify the type of fault, using the instructions given under sections 5.3, 5.4 and

5.5.

If you could not fix the fault using the indications given herein, contact the authorised
repair center or the installer (see instructions on the following page).

Operation and installation manual Page 71 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Before contacting the authorised repair center, please find and keep at hand the
following information and specify them when requesting servicing:

INFO about AURORA

NOTE: Information available from the LCD

9 AURORA Model?
9 Serial Number?
9 Week of manufacture?
9 Which LED is flashing?
9 Is light flashing or steady on?
9 Which warning is displayed?

9 Brief description of malfunction
9 Have you noticed whether malfunction can be reproduced?
9 If so, how?
9 Have you noticed whether malfunction is repeated cyclically?
9 If so, when?
9 Is malfunction present since unit installation?
9 If so, did it get worse?
9 Describe weather condition when malfunction occurs

INFO about the Photovoltaic Field

9 Make and model of the photovoltaic panels
9 System data: - array maximum voltage and current values

- number of strings in the array

- number of panels per string

Operation and installation manual Page 72 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

8 SPECIFICATIONS

8.1 Input values

WARNING: the photovoltaic field and system wiring shall be set up so that

PV input voltage is lower than maximum limit, regardless of the model,
number and operating conditions of the chosen photovoltaic panels.
Since panel voltage also depends on operating temperature, choose the
number of panels for each string considering the minimum ambient
temperature foreseen for that specific area (see table A).

WARNING: the inverter is equipped with a linear limit of output power,
according to input voltage, from 750 Vdc (100% power output) to 850 Vdc
(0% power output)

WARNING: photovoltaic panels open-loop voltage depends on ambient
temperature (open-loop voltage increases when temperature decreases) and
you shall ensure that foreseen minimum temperature for the installation will
not make panels exceed maximum voltage limit of 850Vdc. The following
table is an example indicating the maximum voltage of each panel for typical
panels with 36, 48 and 72 cells, according to the temperature (assuming a
nominal open-loop voltage of 0.6Vdc per cell at 25°C and a temperature
coefficient of -0.0023V/°C. Thus, the table shows the maximum number of
panels that can be connected in series according to the minimum temperature
at which system will operate. Please contact panel manufacturer to find the
correct temperature coefficient of V

oc

before calculating maximum voltage of

the photovoltaic array.

Operation and installation manual Page 73 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Panels w/36 cells Panels w/48 cells Panels w/72 cells

Minimum Panel

Temp.[°C]

Panel voltage

Max number of

panels

Panel voltage

Max number of

panels

Panel voltage

Max number of

panels

25 21.6 39 28.8 29 43.2 19

20 22.0 38 29.4 28 44.0 19

15 22.4 37 29.9 28 44.9 18

10 22.8 37 30.5 27 45.7 18

5 23.3 36 31.0 27 46.5 18

0 23.7 35 31.6 26 47.3 17

-5 24.1 35 32.1 26 48.2 17

-10 24.5 34 32.7 25 49.0 17

-15 24.9 34 33.2 25 49.8 17

-20 25.3 33 33.8 25 50.7 16

-25 25.7 33 34.3 24 51.5 16

Table A

Operation and installation manual Page 74 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Description

Value

PVI – 10.0-OUTD-xx

Value

PVI – 12.5-OUTD-xx

Recommended

maximum DC power

11400 W 14300W

Nominal DC power 10400 W 13000 W

Nominal Input

Voltage

580 V

Max. DC Input

Voltage

850 Vdc

Max. Input

Overvoltage

900 Vdc for 2h/day

Input Voltage, MPPT

operatine range

200 Vdc to 850 Vdc

Input Voltage, MPPT

operating range at full

power

from 300 Vdc to 750

Vdc

from 360 Vdc to 750 Vdc

Max. short-circuit

current (of each array)

22 Adc

Max. operating input

current (of each array)

18 Adc

Max. input power (of

each channel)

(1)

6500 W 8000 W

PV ground fault

protection

Supplied ground fault detector and disconnect

Input channel
configuration

Two independent MPPT channels with shared negative

poles or

Two channels in parallel

(1)

Total input power shall in any case stay within recommended DC power value

NOTE

: If photovoltaic field connected to the inverter outputs an input

current higher than the maximum one that can be used, the inverter will not

be damaged as far as the input voltage is within allowed range.

Operation and installation manual Page 75 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

8.2 Output values

Description

Value

PVI – 10.0-OUTD-xx

Value

PVI – 12.5-OUTD-xx

Nominal output
power

10000 W 12500 W

Grid voltage
maximum operating
range

(2)

from 326 Vrms to 456 Vrms phase-phase

from 188 Vrms to 263 Vrms phase-neutral

Grid voltage
nominal

400 Vrms phase-phase

230 phase-neutral

Grid frequency,
maximum range

from 47 to 63 Hz

Grid frequency,
nominal

50 Hz

Grid frequency,
operating range
according to
DK5940 standard

from 49.72 to 50.28 Hz

Nominal output
current per phase

14.5 Arms 18.1 Arms

Max. output current
per phase

16.6 Arms 20 Arms

Output Overcurrent
Protection

19 Arms 22 Arms

(2)

Depending on nominal voltage selected (using a password protected menu) the
minimum operating voltage could reach 311 Vrms phase-phase or 180 Vrms phase­neutral.

Operation and installation manual Page 76 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

8.3 Grid protection features

Anti-Islanding

Complying with:

- DK5940 (Italy).

8.4 General features

Description

Value

PVI – 10.0-OUTD-xx

Value

PVI – 12.5-OUTD-xx

Maximum
efficiency

97.8% (97.3% Euro
Efficiency)

97.8% (97.3% Euro
Efficiency)

Internal
consumption in
standby

12 W

Internal
consumption at
night

< 1.5 W

Operating
environment
ambient temperature

from -25°C to +60°C

(*)

Case protection
class

IP65 / Nema 4X

Audible noise with
inner fan on

< 50 dbA @ 1m

Dimensions (height
x width x depth):

650 x 620 x 200 mm

Weight 38 kg

Relative humidity 0 – 100 % dew point

(*)

Full power ensured up to amb.T = 50°C (as far as with unit not under direct solar

radiation)

Operation and installation manual Page 77 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

8.5 Power Derating

To allow safe inverter operation both from a thermal and electrical point of view, the
unit automatically decreases power input into grid.
Derating can occur in two cases:

Power derating due to ambient conditions

Derating entity and the temperature at which derating will start depend on many
operating parameters, apart from the ambient temperature. For example they also
depend on input voltage, grid voltage and power available from the photovoltaic field.
Thus AURORA will derate power during certain periods of the day, according to the
value of these parameters.
In any case AURORA guarantees maximum power up to 50°C of ambient
temperature, as far as not directly under solar radiation.

Power derating due to input power

The chart shows the automatic power derating in case of too high or low input or
output voltage.

Fig. 28 - Derating curves for two input channels.

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

Input voltage (V)

PVI-10.0-OUTD-xx-IT
PVI-12.5-OUTD-xx-IT

Power Output (W)

Operation and installation manual Page 78 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Fig. 29 - Derating curves for one input channel.

Power derating conditions due to the ambient conditions and input voltage could also
occur at the same time, but power decrease will always refer to the lowest value
measured.

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

0 200 400 600 800 1000

Input voltage (V)

Power output (W)

PVI-10.0-OUT-xx-IT
PVI-12.5-OUT-xx-IT

Operation and installation manual Page 79 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

8.6 Note about the differential protection built in the Power-One Aurora

inverters

Power One Aurora inverters are equipped with a protection device against ground
faults, as per the safety standard required in Germany by VDE V 0126-1-1:2006-02
standard (refer to par. 4.7 of the Standard). All Aurora inverters marketed in Europe
are equipped with this protection, including the versions coded as “IT”, available for
the Italian market.
In particular, Power One Aurora inverters are fitted with a redundancy for leakage
current reading, sensitive to all current components, be it direct or alternating. Ground
leakage current measurement is taken at the same time and separately by 2 different
processors: if only one of them detects a failure, protection is triggered, grid is hence
disconnected and conversion process is stopped.
There is an absolute threshold of 300mA for the total AC+DC leakage current with
protection trigger time of max. 300msec. There are also three more trigger levels with
threshold set at 30mA/sec, 60mA/sec and 150mA/sec respectively, to manage "quick"
variations of the fault current caused by accidental contacts with active leaking parts.
Limit trigger times progressively decrease when fault current variation speed increases
and, from 300msec/max for a variation speed of 30mA/sec, value decreases to
150msec and 40msec for variation speed values of 60mA and 150mA, respectively.
It shall be noticed at any rate that the built-in device only protects the system against
ground faults occurring upstream of the inverter AC terminals (i.e. toward
photovoltaic system DC side and hence toward the photovoltaic modules). The
leakage current that could occur in the AC section, in-between the pickup/input point
and the inverter, are not detected and require an external protection device.
It is recommended to use a switch with C-class thermal cut-out and nominal current of
40A, differential protection in class A or class AC with trigger current of 300mA so as
to avoid any false trigger events of the protection due to the normal capacitive leakage
current of the photovoltaic modules.

Operation and installation manual Page 80 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

***************CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY ************

Operation and installation manual Page 81 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)

Operation and installation manual Page 82 of 82
(PVI-10.0/12.5-OUTD-xx Rev:1.2)