Poulan 3400 User Manual
'vJ It/
3400 Counter-Ylbe
CHAINSAW
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
Carefully read and follow
Safety Rules, Precautions
and Operating Instruc
tions. Failure to do so can
result in serious personal
injury.
AwARNING:!
Beaird-Poulan Division
Emerson Electric Co.
Shreveport, Louisiana
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Specifications ..
SPECIAL SAFETY SECTiON....
Know Your Chain Saw
Preparing Your Saw For Use
A. Getting Ready.......................................................'.____
B. Attaching The Spur
C. Attaching The Bar and Chain
D. Chain Tension....................................................................8
E. Engine Fuel Mixture
F. Bar and Chain Oil
Using Your Saw
A. Control Devices ’.
B. Starting Instructions ......................................................11
Types of Cutting
A. Basic Cutting Technique
REDUCED-KICKBACK GUIDE BAR
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.................... ЛЛ&5
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:.. ^
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................... 7
;.............11
. 2
10
B. Tree Felling Techniques
C. Bucking.....................»....
6
7
7
7
9
D. Debranching and Pruning
Maintenance ........................................................
A. Guide Bar and Chain 16
B. Ignition and Exhaust SystemsC. Starter Rope Repair and Replacement
D. Clutch and Drum/Sprocket
E. Carburetor Adjustments
F. Air Filter .
G. Counter-Vibe® Anti-Vibration System
H. Storage .......................................................................... 21
I. Trouble Shooting Chart
J. Maintenance Chart
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15
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13
17
18.
19
20
21
21
23
Parts List..................................................................24
Parts & Service.................................................... Back Cover
HANDLEBAR
MANUAL OILER
THROTTLE DETENT
THROTTLE LOCKOUT
THROTTLETRIGGER
LOW-KICKBACK CHAIN
REAR CHAIN GUARD
CONTROLHANDLE
FRONT CHAIN CATCHER
■■■ SPlQIFliATIONS "■
MODEL
CU.IN. DISPLACEMENT 3.4cu.in./56 cu.cm.
GUIDE BAR—SPROCKET NOSE 16M 8", 20" Control Tip ^
GUARD LINK CHAIN
SPARK PLUG
SPARK PLUG GAP
3400 Counter Vibe *' IGNITION
3/8 Pitch .050 Gauge
Chrome Cutters - P72S
Champion CJ-8Y
,023 to .027
REDUCED-KICKBACK
GUIDE BAR
MODULE AIR GAP
FUEL MIX
MUFFLER
OILER SYSTEM
FUELTANKCAPACITY
OILTANKCAPACITY
FUEL CAP START-STOP SWITCH
Read
SPECIAL SAFETY SECTION
FREQUENTLY
Solid Stale
.008 to .014
Gasoline/Oii Mixture (see p. 9)
Spark Arresting/Temperature Limiting
Automatic/Manual Override
19 oz. 562 cu.cm.
12oz. 355 cu.cm.
SPECIAL SAFETY SECTION
GUARD AGAINST KICKBACK
Kickback is a dangerous reaction that can lead to serious
personal injury. Do not rely only on the sdfety devices
provided with your saw. As a chain saw user, you must
take special safety precautions to help keep your cutting
Jobs free from accident or injury.
! KICKBACK WARNJNG
Kickback can occur when the moving chain contacts
an object atthe upper portion of the tip of the guide bar
or when the wood closes in and pinches the saw chain
\nthecui.Contactattheupperportionofthetipofthe
guidebarcan cause the chain to dig into the object and
stop the chain for an instant. The result is aiightning
fast, reverse reaction which kickstheguidebarupand
back toward the operator, if the saw chain is pinched
aiong the top of the guide bar, the guide bar can be
driven rapidiy back toward the operator. Either of
these reactions can cause loss of saw control which
can resuit in serious personai injury.
REDUCE THE CHANCE OF KICKBACK
Recognize that kickback.can happen. With a
1
basic understanding of kickback, you can reduce
the element of surprise which contributes to
accidents.
Never let the moving chain contact any object atthe
2.
tip of the guide bar. Figure 1.
3.
Keep the working area free from obstructions
such as other trees, branches, rocks, fences,
stumps, etc. Figure 2. Eliminate or avoid any
obstruction that your saw chain could hit while you
are cutting through a particular log or branch.
4.
Keep your saw chain sharp and pipperly ten
sioned. Follow manufacturer’s chain sharpening and
maintenance instructions. Check tension at regular
intervals with the engine stopped, never with the engine
running. Make sure the bar clamp nuts are securely
tightened after tensioning the chain. A loose or dull
chain can increase the chance of kickback to occur.
5.
Begin and continue cutting at full throttle. If the
chain Is moving at a slower speed, there is greater
chance for kickback to occur.
6.
Cut one log at a time.
7.
Use extreme caution when re-entering a previous
cut.
8.
Do not attempt plunge cuts.
9.
Watch for shifting logs dr other forces that could
close a cut and pinch or fall into the chain.
10.
Use the Reduced-Kickback Guide Bar and LowKickback Chain specified for your saw.
CLEAR
WORKING AREA
NEVER
REVERSE
HAND
POSITIONS
LEFT HAND
Figure 3
AVOID
OBSTRUCTIONS
STAND
TO THE
f* / LEFT OF
V A THE SAW
ELBOW
LOCKED
THUMB ON
UNDER SIDE
OF HANDLEBAR
MAINTAIN CONTROL
Keep a good firm grip on the saw with both hands
1
when the engine is running and don’t let go.
Figure 3. A firm grip can neutralize kickback and
help you maintain control of the .saw. Keep the
fingers of your left hand encircling and your left
thumb under the front handlebar. Keep your right
hand completely around the rear handle whefher
you are right handed or left handed. Keep your left
arm straight with the elbow locked.
is in a straight line with your right hand on the rear
handle when making bucking cuts. Figures. Never
reverse right and left hand positions for any typei of
cutting.
3.
stand with your weight evenly balanced on
both feet.
4.
Stand slightly to the left side of thè saw, to keep
your body from being in a direct line with the
cutting chain. Figures.
5.
Do not overreach. You could be drawn or thrown
off balance and lose control of the saw.
6.
Do not cut above shoulder height. It is difficult to
maintain control of the saw above shoulder height.
SPECIAL SAFETY SECTION (continued)
I. WARNING
Because a chain saw is a high-speed wood-cutting tooi, special safety precautions must
be observed to reduce the risK of personal accidents. Careless or improper use can
cause serious personal injury.
SAFETY HAT
SNUG
FITTING
CLOTHING
SAFETY
SHOES
HEARING PROTECTION
EYE PROTECTION
HEAVY DUTY GLOVES
Figure 4
KNOW YOUR SAW
1. Read your Operator’s Manual carefully until you com
pletely understand and can follow ail safety rules and
operating instructions before attempting to operate the
unit.
2. Restrict the use of your saw to adult users who under
stand and follow the safety rules, precautions, and
operating Instructions found In this manual.
PLAN AHEAD
1. Wear personal protective gear. Figure 4. Always use
steel-toed safety footwear with non-slip soles; snug-fitting
clothing: heavy-duty non-slip gloves; eye protection such
, non-fogging, vented goggles or face screen; an ap^ proved safety hard hat, and sound boners—ear plugs or
mufflers to protect your hearing. Regular users should
have hearing checked regularly as chain saw noise can
damage hearing.
2. Keep children, bystanders, and animals out of the
work area—a minimum of 30 feet (10 meters). Do not
allow othejr people or animals to be near the chain saw
when starting or operating the chain saw.
3. Do not handle or operate a chain saw when you are
fatigued, ill, or upset; or if you have taken alcohol,
drugs or medication. You must be in good physical
condition and mentally alert. Chain saw work is
strenuous. If you have any condition that might be
aggravated by strenuous work, check with your doctor
before operating a chain saw.
4.
Do not attempt to use your chain saw during bad
weather conditions such as strong wind, rain, snow,
etc., or at night.
5.
Plan yoursawing operation carefully in advance. Do
not start cutting until you have a clear work area, secure
footing, and if you are felling trees, a planned retreat path.
AVOID REACTIVE FORCES
Pinch-Kickback and Pull-in occur when the chain is
suddenly stopped by being pinched, caught, or by
contacting a foreign object in the wood. This results in a
reversal of the chain force used to cut wood and causes the saw
to move in the opposite direction of chain rotation. Pinch-
Kickback drives the saw straight back toward the operator.
Pufl-ln pulls the saw away from the operator. Either reactions
can result in loss of control and possible serious person^ Injury.
To avoid Pinch-Kickback:
1. Be extremely aware of situations or obstructions
that can cause material to pinch the top of or other
wise stop the chain.
2. Do not cut more than one log at a time.
3. Do not twist the saw as the bar is withdrawn from an
under-cut when bucking.
To avoid Pull-in:
1. Always begin cutting with the engine at full throttle
and the saw frame or spur against the wood.
2. Use wedges made of plastic or wood, (never of metal)
. to hold the cut open.
HANDLE FUEL WITH CAUTION
1.
Eliminate all sources of sparks or flame in the areas
where fuel is mixed, poured, or stored. There should
be no smoking, open flames, or work that could cause
sparks.
Mix and pour fuel in an outdoor area, on bare ground;
2.
store fuel in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place; and use
an approved, marked container for ail fuel purposes.
3.
Wipe up all spilled fuel before starting your saw.
4.
Move at least 10 feet (3 meters) away from fuel and
fueling site before starting the engine.
5.
Do not smol№ while handling fuel or while operating
the saw.
6.
Turn the engine off and let your saw cool before
removing the fuel tank cap and refueling the unit.
7.
Let the saw cool in a non-combustible area, not on
dry leaves, straw, paper; etc.
OPERATE YOUR SAW SAFELY
1. Do not operate a chain saw that is damaged, im
properly adjusted, or not completely and securely
assembled.
2. Operate the chain saw only in outdoor areas.
3. Do not operate the saw from a ladder or in a tree.
4. Position all parts of your body to the left of cut and
away from the saw chain when the engine is
running.
5. Cut wood only. Do not use your saw to pry or shove
away limbs, roots or other objects.
6. Make sure the chain will not make contact with any ob
ject while starting the engine. Never try to start the saw
when the guide bar is in a cut or kerf.
7. Use extreme caution when cutting small size briish
and saplings. Slender material can catch the saw
chain and be whipped toward you or pu!| you off
balance.
8. Be alert for springback when cutting a limb that is
under tension so you will not be struck by the limb or
saw when the tension in the wood fibers Is released.
9. Do not put pressure on the saw at the end of a cut.
This can cause you to lose control when the cut is
completed.
10. Stop the engine before setting the saw down.
MAINTAIN YOUR SAW IN GOOD WORKING ORDER
1. Have all chain saw service performed by a qualified
service dealer with the exception of the items listed
in the maintenance section of this manual. For
example, if improper tools are used to remove or hold
the flywheel when servicing the clutch, structural
damage to the flywheel can occur and cause the
flywheel to burst.
2. Keep fuel and oil caps, screws and fasteners
securely tightened.
3. Keep the handles dry, clean, and free of oil or fuel
mixture.
4. Make certain the saw chain stops moving when the
throttle trigger is released. For correction, refer to
page 20 fo> carburetor idle adjustment instructions.
5. Stop the saw if the chain strikes a foreign object. In
spect the unit and repair or replace parts as necessary.
6. Disconnect the spark plug before performing any
maintenance except for carburetor adjustments.
7. Never modify your saw in any way. Use only attach
ments supplied or specifically recommended by the
manufacturer.
8. Always replace the handguard immediately if it
becomes damaged, or broken or is otherwise
removed.
CARRY AND STORE YOUR SAW SAFELY
1. Hand carry the unit with the^engine stopped, the
Muffler away from your body, and the Guide Bar and.
Chain to the rear covered preferably with a scabbard.
2. Before transporting in any vehicle or storing in any
enclosure, allow your saw to cool completely, cover
the bar and chain and properly secure to avoid
turnover, fuel spillage or damage.
3. Drain oil and fuel tank before storing for more than
30 days.
4. Store in a dry area out of the reach of children and
away from where fuel vapors can reach sparks or an
open flame from hot water heaters, furnaces, etc.
NOTE: Exposure to vibrations through prolonged use of
chain saws may produce Whitefinger disease
(Raynaud’s phenomenon). This phenomenon
reduces the hand’s ability to feel and regulate
temperature, produces numbness and burning
sensations and can cause nerve and circulation
damage and tissue necrosis.
An anti-vibration system designed to reduce
engine vibration is recommended for those using
chain saws on a regular or sustained basis. An antivibration system does not guarantee the
avoidance of Whitefinger disease. Continual and
regular users must monitor closely their use of
chain saws and physical condition.
Notice: Refer to the Code of Federal Regulations, Section
1910.266(5); 2.5.1 of American National Standard
Safety Requirements for Puipwood Logging, ANSI
03.1-1978; and relevant state safety codes when
using a chain saw for logging purposes.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
KNOW YOUR CHAIN SAW
A. INTRODUCTION ^
• Your saw has been designed with safety in mjnd and
includes the following features as standard equipment:
-Reduced-Kickback Guide Bar (Contfol Tip®)
— Low-Kickback Chain (ElongatedGuard Link)
— Spark Arrestor
—Temperature Limiting Muffler
— Handguards
—Temperature Limiting Mufflei'
-Counter-Vibe® Anti-Vibration System
A WARNING
The following features are included on your saw to help
reduce the hazard of kickback, however, such features
will not totally eliminate this dangerous reaction. As a
chain saw user, do not rely only on safety devices. You
must follow all safety precautions, Instructions and
maintenance in this manual to help avoid kickback and
other forces which can result in serious personal injury.
B. KICKBACK SAFETY FEATURES
— Reduced-Kickback Guide Bar, designed with a small
radius tip w^ich reduces the size of the kickback danger
zone on the bar tip. Figure 5. A Reduced Kickback
Guide Bar is one which has been demonstrated to
significantly reduce the number and seriousness of
kickbacks when tested in accordance with the safety
requirements for gasoline powered chain saws as set
by the American National Standards Institute, Inc.,
Standard B175.1 -1985.
— Low-Kickback Chain, designed with a contoured
depth gauge and guard link which deflect the kickback
force and allow wood to gradually ride into the cutter.
Figure 5. Low Kickback Saw Chain is chain which has
met the kickback performance requirements of ANSI
B175.1 (Safety Requirements for Gasoline-Powered
Chain Saws) when tested on a representative sample of
chain saws below 3B cubic inch displacement speci
fied in ANSI B175.1. (American National Standards
. Institute, Inc., Standard B175.1-1985).
-^Handguard, designed to reduce the chance of your left
hand contacting the chain if your hand slips off the front
handlebar.
— Position of front and rear handlebars, designed
with distance between handles and “in line” with each
other The spread and “in line” position of the hands
provided by this design work together to give balance
and resistance in controlling the pivot of the saw back
toward the operator if kickback occurs.
STATE AND LOCAL REQUIREMENTS.
Your saw is equipped with a temperature limiting
muffler and spark arresting screen which meets the
requirements of California Codes 4442 and 4443.
All U.S. forest land and the states of California, Maine,
Washington and Oregon require many internal com
bustion engines to be equipped with a spark arrestor
screen by law.
If you operate a chain saw in a state or locale where
such regulations exist, you are legally responsible
for maintaining the operating condition of these
parts. Failure to do so could subject you to liability
or to a fine. Muffler and spark arrestor maintenance
is found on page 17 & 18.
D.
CARTON CONTENTS
After you unpack the carton:
1. Check the contents against the list below.
2. Examine the items for damage.
3. Notify your dealer immediately if a part is missing
or damaged.
NOTE: A rattle like noise in a powerhead with an
empty fuel or oil tank is a normal condition, caused
by afilter moving against the wal I of an em pty tank.
KEY NO. CARTON CONTENTS:
Power Head
Guide Bar
‘Spur
‘Screw - Spur
Chain
Scrench
Loose Parts Bag (not shown)
Operator’s Manual (not shown)
QTY.
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
^WARNING
Do not operate the chain saw unless the safety devices
or their specified replacements are properly installed
and maintained according to the instructions in this
manual. Do not use any other guide bar and chain com
bination that is not equivalent to the original equipment
or not certified to comply with ANSI B175.1. Failure
to follow these instructions can result in serious per
sonal injury.
PREPARING YOUR SAW FOR USE
A. GETTING READY
1. READ YOUR OPERATOR’S MANUAL
Your Operator’s Manual has been developed to
help you prepare your saw for use and to under
stand its safe operation. It is important that you
read your manual completely to become familiar
with the unit before you begin assembly or attempt
operation. Your Poulan® dealer is available to show
you how to operate your saw. Be sure to ask for his
assistance.
2. HAVE THE FOLLOWING AVAILABLE:
a. Protective gloves
b. Approved, marked, fuel container.
c. One gallon leaded or unleaded, regular
gasoline
d. 8 oz. (1/2 pt.), 2>cycle, air-cooled engine oil
(See page 9).
e. Bar and Chain Oil (See page 10.)
f. Scrench — provided with your unit. No other
tool is necessary for assembly. Use the long
end of the tool as a slotted screwdriver, the
small pipe end as a socket wrench, and the
larger pipe end to remove the spark plug.
B, ATTACHING THE SPUR (Standard Equipment on Some Units)
The spur is a special piece of equipment designed
to assist the cutting operation. When assembled to
the saw, the spur will dig into the tree or log and:
- relieve contact pressure adding ease to the saw
ing operation.
-allow the saw to be more easily rotated or pivoted
into the cut.
To Install:
1. Remove Bar Clamp Nuts, Bar Clamp and Guide Bar
Plates.
2. Align the spur over thé two holes on the bar clamp
side of the saw. Figure 6.
3. Insert the two screws and tighten evenly and sec
urely.
C. ATTACHING THE BAR AND CHAIN
CAUTION:! Wear protective gloves when han
dling or operating your saw. The chain is sharp
and can cut you even when it Is not moving!
• Your saw is equipped with a Reduced-Kickback
Guide Bar and a Low-Kickback Chain.
• Always use the Reduced-Kickback Guide Bar
and the Low-Kickback Chain specified for your
chain saw model, when replacing these parts.
Do not start engine without guide bar and chain
completely assembled. Otherwise, the ciutch can
come off and serious personal injury can result
Zi\ WARNING
1. Install the Inner Guide Plate overttie bar mounting
studs. Figure 7.
NOTE: Be sure the Inner Guide Plate curves or
flanges toward the saw frame away from the
Guide Bar. Figure 8.
2. Mount the Guide Bar with the slotted end
over the bar mounting studs. Figure 9 .
NOTE: Be sure the Guide Bar is positioned
with the round hole below the large slot.
3. Hold chain with cutlers facing as shown in
Figure 10.
4. Place chain over and behind the clutch
drum onto the sprocket.
5. Slide Guide Bar to the rear of the saw as far
as possible.
6. Fit the bottom of the drive links between
the teeth in the sprocket.
7. start at the top of the bar and fit the chain
drive links into the groove around the Guide
Bar. Figure 10.
8. Pull the Guide Bar forward until the chain is
snug in the guide bar groove. Figure 11.
9. Install the outer guide plate. Figure? .
10. Slide the Bar Clamp over the mounting studs and fit
the bar adjusting pin (Rgure 11) into the adjusting pin
hole in the Guide Bar. Figure 9.
11. Replace the Bar Mounting Nuts and tighten
finger tight only.
NOTE: The Bar Clamp nuts must be slightly
loose to tension the chain correctly.
12. Follow “Chain Tension” instructions below.
Figure 10
D. CHAIN TENSION
• Correct chain tension Is very important:
—a loose chain will wear the bar and itself,
—a loose chain can jump off the bar while
you are cutting.
—a tight chain can damage the saw and/or
break.
• Chain tension is correct when the chain:
—can be lifted about 1/8” from the Guide Bar
at a point near the middle of the bar, and
—will move freely around the bar.
• The chain stretches during use, especialiy
when new; Check tension:
— each time thè saw is used
— more frequently when the chain is new
— as the chain warms up to normal operating tem
perature
1. Hold the tip of the Guide Bar up and turn the
Adjusting Screw just until the chain does not
sag beneath the Guide Bar. Rgure 12.
NOTE: Turn screw clockwise to tighten ten
sion. Turn screw counterclockwise to loosen
tension.
2. Check the tension by lifting the chain from
the Guide Bar at the center of the bar. Figure
13.
3. Continue turning the Adjusting Screw until
the tension is correct.
4. Hold the tip of the Guide Bar up and tighten
the Bar Clamp Nuts with the Scrench.
5. Recheck tension.
BAR
MOUNTING
STUDS
ADJUSTING
SCREW
TO LOOSEN
TENSION
TURN
TO TIGHTEN
TENSION
Figure 12
E. ENGINE FUEL MIXTURE
• Your chain saw is powered by a two-cycle engine
which requires a fuel mixture of regular^asoline
(leaded or unleaded) and a high quality engine oii
specially made for 2-cycie air-cooled engines. The
internal design of the 2-cycie engine reqy ires lubrica
tion of moving parts. Lubrication is provided when you
use the recommended mixture of gasoline and oil.
• Gasoline must be clean and not over two months
old. After a short peiiod of time, gasoline begins to
chemically break down and will form compounds that
can cause hard starting and damage in 2-cycle en
gines.
• The correct measure of gasoline to oil is very im
portant.
—Too much oil in the mixture will foul the spark plug.
—Too little oil will cause the engine to overheat re
sulting in damage.
• Mix the fuel thoroughly in a container since
gasoline and oil do not readily combine. Do not
try to mix fuel directly in the fuel tank.
1. DONOTUSE:
• BIA Oii (Boating Institute of America)—
— Does not have proper additives for air-cooled,
2-cycIe engines and could cause damage.
• AUTOMOTIVE OIL—
— Does not have proper additives for 2-cycle
engines and could cause damage.
• GASOUNE CONTAINING ALCOHOL—
(High Test, Premium or Gasohoi)
—Stiffens critical carburetor fuel metering ele
ments and causes engine damage from over
heating.
— Increases vaporlock(causes hard starting).
— Attracts water causing corrosion damage.
Figure 14
2. USE THE FOLLOWING:
Two types of PoulanAA/eed Eater Engine Oil are
available — one blended to be mixed at a 16:1
ratio and the other ata 32:1 ratio.
'*OULaN/wE60 eXTEt'
tGAUO«
REGULAR
GASOÜHE
[leaded or
unleaded)
2 TWO
GALLCmS
regular
GASOLINE
(leaded or
unleaded)
+
(U2 PT}
0.1
16:1 Ratio
gNGINE OIL ^
^ —OR— ^
Awr GOOD
16:1
COOLED 2-CYCLt
.— Engine oil —
EOULAN/WEED
32:t Ratio
_ engine oil
jCAUTION:! If you use a 32:1 fuel mix, you must
use genuine PouianA/Veed Eater 32:1 Engine Oil
or engine damage can occur. Do not use a fuel
mix leaner than 32:1.
3. HOW TO MIX FUEL
Pour one-half of the gasoline into an approved,
a.
marked container. Do not try to mix oil and
gasoline directly in the fuel tank.
Add entire measure of 2-cycle Engine Oil.
b.
Mix.
c.
Add remainder of gasoline.
d.
Mix thoroughly for one minute.
e.
4. IMPORTANT POINTS
a. Use only recommended fuel mixtures.
b. Eliminate ail sources of sparks or flames in
the areas where fuel is mixed, poured, or
stored. There should be no smoking, open
flames or work that could cause sparks.
c. Use an approved, marked containerfor all
fuel purposes.
d. Mix and pour fuel in an outdoor area on bare
ground. Store fuel in a. cool, dry, well-
ventilated place. Gasoline vapors are harmful to
your health and can cause serious hazards
such as explosion and fire. Use a funnel or spout
when pouring fuel.
e. Avoid over filling the fuel tank. Allow % inch
V for expansion. Tighten Fuel Cap securely. Ftg-
ure 14.
f. Wipe up ail fuel spills. Wipe off any fuel spilled
on the saw. Completely dry the saw before
using.
g. Move at least 10 feet (3 meters) away from'
fuel and fueling site before starting the engine.
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