BBLLWW--0044GG
54Mbps Wireless Broadband Router
User Manual
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Table of Contents
BBLLWW--0044G
G ................................................................................................................................................................I
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER 1: GETTING TO KNOW YOUR BLW-04G .................................................................................. 3
1-1 ABOUT THE BLW-04G.................................................................................................................................. 3
1-2 CONTENTS OF THE BLW-04G PACKAGE........................................................................................................ 4
1-3 FEATURES OF THE BLW-04G ........................................................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER 2: HARDWARE INSTALLATION & SETUP ............................................................................... 6
2-1 REAR PANEL & CONNECTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 6
2-2 FRONT PANEL LEDS ..................................................................................................................................... 6
2-3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND SETUP ............................................................................................................ 2
CHAPTER 3: INTERNET ACCESS................................................................................................................... 8
3-1 PREPARE YOUR NETWORK INFORMATION ...................................................................................................... 8
3-2 WEB-BASED USER INTERFACE ...................................................................................................................... 8
3-3 INITIAL CONFIGURATION – SETUP ................................................................................................................. 9
CHAPTER 4: ADVANCED APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................. 14
4-1 DHCP CONFIGURATION .............................................................................................................................. 14
4-2 ACCESS CONTROL ....................................................................................................................................... 15
4-3 VIRTUAL SERVER SETTINGS ........................................................................................................................ 16
4-4 DMZ HOST ................................................................................................................................................. 17
4-5 DEVICE ADMINISTRATION SETTINGS........................................................................................................... 18
4-6 STATU S MONITOR ....................................................................................................................................... 20
4-7 DYNAMIC ROUTING .................................................................................................................................... 21
4-8 STATI C ROUTING......................................................................................................................................... 22
4-9 LOG............................................................................................................................................................. 23
4-10 DDNS....................................................................................................................................................... 23
4-11 WIRELESS ................................................................................................................................................. 25
4-12 FIRMWARE UPGRADE ................................................................................................................................27
CHAPTER 5: MACINTOSH SETUP............................................................................................................... 28
5-1 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS ......................................................................................................................... 28
5-2 COMPUTER NETWORK CONFIGURATION ..................................................................................................... 28
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5-3
BLW-04G CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................................................ 29
5-4 ADDING BLW-04G TO EXISTING NETWORK ............................................................................................... 29
CHAPTER 6: TROUBLE SHOOTING............................................................................................................ 31
HARDWARE....................................................................................................................................................... 31
CLIENT SIDE (COMPUTERS)...............................................................................................................................32
APPENDIX A: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .................................................................................. 34
APPENDIX B: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.......................................................................................... 36
APPENDIX C: GLOSSARY.............................................................................................................................. 37
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Introduction
Congratulations on your purchase of this BLW-04G. This router is the perfect
design product combining wireless and Ethernet network technology together.
Fully compatible with IEEE 802.11g wireless standard, this device not only
allows you to take advantage of mobility, but also to have fast Ethernet
connection with built-in four 10/100 auto-sensing switch Ethernet ports. Users
on wireless LAN and Ethernet LAN can share files, printers, and other
networking resource each other at a blazing speed. Best of all, with NAT
technology, all users can share single account of Internet access by having this
device connect to a DSL/Cable modem.
Integrated 802.11g wireless AP and 4-port 10/100 Mbps switch, it is quick and
easy to deploy wireless and wire LAN without spending extra cost of a wireless
access point, hub or switch. All LAN users are able to share internal network
data, like files, printers, and other networking resources in a blazing speed.
The wireless Router’s efficient antenna offers a covered range up to 30 meters
indoor (150 meters outdoor) and seamless roaming throughout wireless LAN
infrastructure. More over, the wireless operation provides 64 bit key and 128 bit
WEP data encryption for high-level security.
With built-in NAT, this device not only provides natural firewall, protecting your
network from access by outside users but also extends your LAN connection.
Users on the LAN can share a single account of Internet access by having this
device connect to a DSL/Cable modem. This Firewall Router allows up to 253
users on the Ethernet LAN simultaneously but makes IP configuration simple
and easy. Configured as a DHCP server, the BLW-04G assigns an IP Address
to every connected PC on Ethernet LAN automatically. Also, DHCP client
helps WAN port obtain IP address dynamically assigned by ISP.
With a web-based UI (User Interface), this BLW-04G is easy to setup and
maintain. With this exclusive user friendly interface, all functions can be
configured easily via a web browser such as Netscape Communicator and
Internet Explorer.
About this Guide
This guide contains information about installing and configuring your BLW-04G.
It is designed to guide users through the correct setup procedures for
appropriate hardware installation and basic configuration. Later, it shows how
to complete advanced configurations to get the best operating performance
from this BLW-04G.
Chapter 1: Get to know your BLW-04G
This chapter describes the package contents and provides a list of features
and applications illustrations of the BLW-04G.
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Chapter 2: Hardware Installation & Setup
This chapter describes the steps for the hardware installation of the BLW-04G.
Chapter 3: Internet Access
This chapter describes the steps for the basic configuration and start up of the
BLW-04G.
Chapter 4: Advanced Applications
This chapter describes how to configure advanced functions in order to get the
most from your BLW-04G.
Chapter 5: Macintosh Setup
This Chapter provides instructions on how to set up your Macintosh computers
in your network.
Chapter 6: Trouble Shooting
This chapter describes any potential problems you may encounter and the
suggested remedies.
Conventions
The following explains the conventions used throughout this document.
Italics New words, terms, or special emphasis. E.g. Getting to know
your BLW-04G.
“Boldface” Buttons, checkboxes, or items that you can select from
screens, menus, or dialog boxes. E.g. Click “OK” to restart
Boldface Italics Items in Bold Italics are samples only and you should enter
other names, numbers, or words to substitute.
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Chapter 1: Getting to know your BLW-04G
This chapter describes the package contents and provides a list of features
and application illustrations of the BLW-04G.
1-1 About The BLW-04G
The BLW-04G is a hybrid design product which combines Ethernet technology
and wireless access into a single stand-alone unit. The device allows you take
advantages of both mobility and fast connection. All PCs whenever on wireless
LAN or Ethernet LAN can share files, printers and other network resource.
Moreover, all users can share single account of Internet access by having this
device connect to a DSL/Cable modem.
Ethernet / Fast Ethernet
Ethernet is the most widely-used network access method, especially in a Local
Area Nnetwork (LAN) and is defined by the IEEE as the 802.3 standard.
Normally, Ethernet is a shared media LAN. All stations on the segment share
the total bandwidth, which could be 10Mbps (Ethernet), 100Mbps (Fast
Ethernet), or 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet). With a switched Ethernet, each
sender and receiver has the full bandwidth.
Fast Ethernet is defined as IEEE 802.3u standard, a high-speed version of
Ethernet with 100Mbps transmission rate.
Wireless LAN
Wireless Local Area Network systems (WLANs) transmit and receive data
through the air by using radio frequency (RF). This offers some advantages
like mobility, ease of installation, and scalability over traditional wired systems.
y Mobility: WLANs combine data connectivity with user mobility. This
provides users with access to network anywhere in their organization.
For example, users can roam from a conference room to their office
without being disconnected from the LAN. This is impossible with
wired networks.
y Ease of Installation: Eliminating the need to deploy network cable in
walls and ceilings, Installing WLANs is easy for novice and expert
users alike.
y Scalability: WLAN topologies are easy to change in various ways from
peer-to-peer networks for a small group of users to full infrastructure
networks for hundreds of users roaming over a broad area.
Wireless LAN is suitable for difficult-to-wire and frequently changing
environments. It’s also an ideal solution for mobile workers to access network
resource and for setting a temporary LAN when necessary
Wireless LANs can be set as “Ad-hoc” network and “Infrastructure” network.
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Unlike the “Aad-hoc network”, where users on the LAN send data directly to
each other, the “Infrastructure” network includes an access point and users on
the “Infrastructure” network send data to that dedicated access point.
BLW-04G uses “Infrastructure” network as Wireless LANs. Each wireless LAN
PC within the range of the access point can communicate with other wireless
LAN PCs within the range.
1-2 Contents of the BLW-04G Package
After carefully unpacking the shipping carton, check the contents listed below.
1. BLW-04G.
2. Antenna
3. Power Adapter.
4. Vertical stand
5. Twisted-pair cable (straight, 1m) x 1
6. Short cord
7. User’s Manual
1-3 Features of the BLW-04G
Your BLW-04G contains the following features that make it excellent for
network connections.
y Allows multiple users to access the Internet at the same time by
providing maximum Internet utilization to multiple users sharing a
single public IP Address.
y Allows users on Ethernet LAN and Wireless LAN to transfer data to
each other through wireless-to-wire bridge.
y Provides wireless access roaming, best access point selection,
loading balance, network traffic filtering included in wireless roaming
function.
y Provides 64bits/128bits key WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) wireless
data encryption to secure wireless communication.
y Fully supports 802.11 open and shared key authentications.
y Integrates four 10/100BASE-T/TX auto-sensing switch ports.
y Uses NAT to allow your entire network’s PCs to connect to the
Internet using only one (purchased) IP address.
y Supports PPPoE that enable user to seamlessly connect to ISPs with
the familiar “dial-up” connection interface.
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y Built-in web-based user interface for easy configuration and
management through common web browsers such as Netscape
Communication 6.0 or later and Internet Explorer 5.0 or later.
y Built-in firewall to protect your PCs from outside intruders (NAT).
y Supports DHCP client to receive both a dynamic IP Address and a
fixed IP Address from ISP.
y Built-in DHCP server to automatically assign and manage LAN IP
addresses.
y Allow administrators to block specific internal users from accessing
specified applications or services.
y Allows external Internet users to access information from the internal
target host by setting the Virtual Server.
y Provides unrestricted two-way communication between one PC on
your LAN and certain Internet services such as conferencing, video
and gaming applications.
y Enhances routing performance by using Dynamic and Static routing
settings.
y Allow administrators to change the WAN MAC address of the router.
y Compatible with all popular Internet applications.
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Chapter 2: Hardware Installation & Setup
This chapter provides information about your BLW-04G’s physical features
and gives step-by-step installation instructions.
2-1 Rear Panel & Connections
The following figure shows the rear view of the BLW-04G and illustrates how
the cables connect to the interfaces on the rear panel.
y Plug one end of the UTP cable into the
WAN port, the other into the RJ45
Ethernet jack on your ADSL or Cable
modem.
y Connect a PC, which must have an
Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Card)
installed, to one of the LAN Ports.
y Connect the external power supply to
the BLW-04G.
y The Reset button is used to reboot and
re-initialize the device (press once
quickly), or for clearing configuration
settings back to factory default values
(press for longer than 3 seconds).
2-2 Front Panel LEDs
The following figure shows the front view of the BLW-04G.
The LEDs on the front panel indicate the status of the unit. You can easily view
the operation of your BLW-04G from this panel.
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Power: Green Steady on when power is on.
DMZ: Green Steady on when dedicated DMZ
port is enabled.
Status: Red Lights up during system checking
connections and internal operation
when the power is first switched
on. If the device works properly,
the light should switch off
automatically.
Wireless LAN
Link: Green Steady on when AP (Access Point)
is ready.
Activity: Green Blinking when data is flowing
through AP.
LAN / WAN ports
Link/Act: Green Steady on when ADSL/Cable
Modem is properly connected and
it operates at 100Mbps.
Blinking when data is flowing
through this LAN port.
FD/Col: Green Steady on when operating at full
duplex mode.
Off at half duplex mode.
Blinking when a collision has
occurred on this port.
100 Yellow Steady on when it operates at
100Mbps.
2-3 System Requirements and Setup
To connect to the Internet, an external ADSL or Cable modem and an Internet
access account from an ISP is required. In order to operate with the BLW-04G,
each PC that is to be connected to the BLW-04G should have the following
things installed:
8. Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Card: a 10Base-T or
10/100Base-T/TX Ethernet card), or wireless client card for wireless
connection.
9. Standard twisted-pair Ethernet cable (UTP network cable) with RJ-45
connectors.
10. System OS: Windows 95/98, Windows NT4.0, or Windows 2000/XP
11. TCP/IP network protocol.
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12. Web browser, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or later, or
Netscape Navigator 6.0 or later.
Installing the TCP/IP Protocol
If you are not sure whether the TCP/IP Protocol has been installed, follow
these steps to check, and if necessary, install TCP/IP onto your PCs.
1. Click the “Start” button. Choose “Settings”, then “Control Panel”.
Double-click the “Network” icon. Your Network window should
appear.
Select the “Configuration” tab.
Note: For Windows 2000 & Windows XP Setting
Click the “Local Area Connection” icon on the lower right hand side
of your desktop screen.
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In the “Local Area Connection Status” window, click the
“Properties” button then your Network window will appear.
There is only one tab, “General”, in the Network window.
2. Check whether the TCP/IP Protocol has already been installed onto
your computer’s Ethernet card. Note that TCP/IP Protocol can be
installed for a computer’s Dial-Up Adapter as well as for the Ethernet
card.
- If yes, go to step 7.
- If no, click the “Add” button.
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3. Double-click “Protocol” in the Select Network Component Type or
highlight “Protocol” then click “Add”.
4. Highlight “Microsoft” under the list of manufacturers.
Double-click “TCP/IP” from the list on the right or highlight “TCP/IP”
then click “OK” to install TCP/IP.
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5. After a few seconds, you will be returned to the Network window. The
TCP/IP Protocol should now be on the list of installed network
components (see 2 above).
6. Click the “Properties” button.
The TCP/IP Properties window consists of several tabs. Choose the
“IP Address” tab.
7. Select “Obtain an IP address automatically”. Click “OK”. Restart
your PC to complete the TCP/IP installation.
Fixed IP Addresses Configuration
Fixed IP addresses may be assigned to network devices for many reasons,
such as the server PCs or printers which are consistently accessed by multiple
users. To set up computers with fixed IP Addresses, go to the “IP Address”
tab of the “TCP/IP Properties” window as shown above.
Select “Specify an IP address” and enter “192.168.1.***” in the “IP
Address” location (where *** is a number between 2 and 254 used by the
BLW-04G to identify each computer), and the default “Subnet Mask”
255.255.255.0”. Note that no two computer on the same LAN can have the
same IP address.
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Click on the “DNS Configuration” tab and select “Enable DNS”. Enter the
“DNS IP Address” obtained from your ISP in the “Server Search Order”
location. Then click the “Add” button.
Click on the “Gateway” tab and enter the BLW-04G’s default gateway value
192.168.1.1 in the “New gateway” field, then click “Add” Botton.
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Click “OK”. Restart your PC to complete the TCP/IP installation.
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Chapter 3: Internet Access
This chapter describes the procedures necessary to configure the basic
functions and begin using your BLW-04G. If you follow these procedures
correctly, there should be no problem in accessing the Internet via your
BLW-04G.
3-1 Prepare your network information
In order to allow quick referencing when setting up your BLW-04G, it is
suggested you complete the table below with the necessary information. This
should be supplied by your ISP.
Provided by some ISPs Host Name:
Domain Name:
IP address given by ISP: | Obtain IP Address automatically
| Static IP
IP Address:
. . .
Subnet Mask:
. . .
Default Gateway:
. . .
DNS Server Primary:
. . .
DNS Server Secondary:
. . .
DNS Server Third:
. . .
PPP authentication: | PPPoE
| PPTP
Login Name:
Password: ________________
3-2 Web-based User Interface
Your BLW-04G is designed to use a Web-based User Interface for
configuration. Open your web browser and type http://192.168.1.1 in the
browser’s address box. This address is the factory set IP Address of your
BLW-04G. Press “Enter”.
The “Username and Password Required” prompt box will appear. Leave the
Username field empty and type “admin” (default password) in the Password
field. Click “OK”. The setup screen will then appear.
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3-3 Initial Configuration – Setup
The “OnePage Setup” screen is the first screen you will see when you access
the Utility. If the router has already been successfully installed and set up, this
screen’s values will already be properly configured.
y Host Name This entry is required by certain ISPs.
y Domain Name This entry is required by certain ISPs.
y Time Zone Select the correct Time Zone for your location. This is
required for the date/time shown on the logs to be correct.
y Private IP Address The “Device IP Address” and “Subnet Mask” of
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the router are used by the internal LAN. The default values are
192.168.1.1 for the IP Address and 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet
Mask.
Wireless
Check “Disable”, “11g & 11b” or “11g” to make the wireless LAN
function active or select to support 11b/11g mixed mode or 11g only.
y SSID As the acronym for Service Set Identifier, ESSID is the unique
name shared among all clients and Wireless Broadband Router in a same
wireless network. The ESSID must be identical for all points and must not
exceed 32 characters.
y Channel Select the appropriate channel number from the drop-down.
The permissible channels are different from Regulatory Domains.
Make sure that all nodes in the same wireless LAN network use the
same channel, or the channel usage is automatic when a connection
between client and access point are made.
y WEP As the acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy, WEP is an encryption
mechanism used to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses
a combination of 64-bit/128-bit keys to encrypt data that is transmitted
between all points in a wireless network to insure data security. To
code/decode the data transmission, all points must use the ident
ical key.
To make the WEP encryption active or inactive, select “Mandatory”
or “Disable”.
y WEP Key Setting As the WEP is active, click the button of “Edit
WEP Settings” to go to the setting page.
y Data Encryption(WEP) Select “64(40)Bit” or “128Bit” encryption
algorithm from the drop-down list.
y Network Key 1~4 You can enter the WEP key manually. You may
need to enter the WEP key manually in case to join the existing
wireless network. If you are not sure which Key to use, check with
your network administrator.
y Current Network Key Select one of the four keys to be the
encryption key you are going to use in the wireless network. To be
sure that all the points in a same wireless network have to have the
same encryption key.
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Click “Apply” after making any changes.
WAN Connection Type
There are four options for WAN connection types, Obtain an IP
automatically, Static IP, PPPoE, and PPTP. The connection type you
need to choose is dependent upon the settings assigned by your ISP.
Which connection type you need to choose may differ from ISPs as well
as the service you applied for. It depends on your ISP’s assignment. If
you are unsure which connection type you currently use, contact your
ISP to obtain the correct information.
Obtain an IP automatically
It is the default option for the router. If your ISP automatically assign a IP
address and other values to the BLW-04G, leave them there without
making any changes.
Static IP
The Public IP Address and Subnet Mask of the router are used by
external users of the Internet (including your ISP). If your ISP assigned a
fixed IP address, select this item and enter the IP Address and Subnet
Mask provided by your ISP.
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y Internet IP Address Enter the IP address provided by your ISP.
y Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask values provided by your ISP.
y Gateway Your ISP will provide you with the Default Gateway IP
Address.
y Domain Name Server (DNS) Your ISP will provide you with at least
one DNS IP Address. Multiple DNS IP settings are common. The first
available DNS entry is used in most cases.
PPPoE
PPPoE is a dial-up connection type provided by some ISPs. It is a
cost–effective way for a user to access this connection type. If your ISP
provides PPPoE connectivity, you should choose this item from the
drop-down list. Note that if you select PPPoE, please remove any
existing PPPoE application on any PCs on your LAN.
y User Name Enter the user name your ISP provides you.
y Password Enter the password your ISP provides you.
y Connect-on-demand is a utility used to trigger the PPPoE session
when there is packet being sent through the WAN port while it is on
disconnected situation. Check the radio button to make this function
active, and then you must enter the number of minutes you wish the
network to remain idle before disconnection occurs in the “Max Idle
Time” location. Note that this function is for PPPoE only.
y Keep Alive This function keeps your PPPoE connection enable even
if it remains idle. However, in some situation, PPPoE session cannot
be established immediately after disconnection. This is because the
system on the ISP’s site may need a little time to restore itself. You
may need to check with your ISP to obtain detail of how long you need
to wait before re-establish the PPPoE session. Enter this information
in the “Redial Period” field.
PPTP
PPTP is the acronym of Point to Point Tunneling Protocol. Usually, it is
used to encapsulate other protocols’ packets for transmission over IP
network. Some ISPs use this protocol as way to establish the initial
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connection between the CPE (end-user side) and DSLAM (ISP side). If
your ISP uses PPTP to establish the connection, you should select this
item and follow the steps below.
y Internet IP Address Enter the IP address provided by your ISP. If
your ISP provides you an Alcatel Speed TouchTM modem, it is
suggested that you enter 10.0.0.150 in this column.
y Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask values provided by your ISP.
y Gateway Your ISP will provide you with the Default Gateway IP
Address. If your ISP provides you an Alcatel Speed TouchTM modem,
it is suggested that you enter the 10.0.0.138 in this column.
y User Name Enter the user name provided by your ISP.
y Password Enter the password provided by your ISP.
y Connect-on-demand is a utility used to trigger the PPTP session
when there is packet being sent through the WAN port while it is on
disconnected situation. Check the radio button to make this function
active, and then you must enter the number of minutes you wish the
network to remain idle before disconnection occurs in the “Max Idle
Time” location. Note that this function is for PPTP only.
y Keep Alive This function keeps your PPTP connection enable even if
it remains idle. However, in some situation, PPTP session cannot be
established immediately after disconnection. This is because the
system on the ISP’s site may need a little time to restore itself. You
may need to check with your ISP to obtain detail of how long you need
to wait before re-establish the PPTP session. Enter this information in
the “Redial Period” field.
When you have properly configured the Setup page, click “Apply”. You can
now test to see if the settings are all correct by attempting to connect to the
Internet.
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Chapter 4: Advanced Applications
This chapter provides information on how to set up and use the advanced
functions of your BLW-04G.
4-1 DHCP Configuration
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server can automatically
assign IP Addresses to each computer in your network. Unless you already
have one in you LAN, it is highly recommended that you set your router to act
as a DHCP server.
y Dynamic IP Address Select “Enable” to use the DHCP server
option of the router. If you already have a DHCP server in your
network, set the router's DHCP option to “Disable”.
y Starting IP Address Enter a numerical value, from 2 to 254, for the
DHCP server to start at when assigning IP Addresses.
y Number of Users Enter the maximum number of PCs that you want
the DHCP server to assign IP Addresses to, with the absolute
maximum being 253.
y
Client Lease Time Enter a number of seconds that you wish the
DHCP client PC can lease IP from DHCP server.
y
DNS Manually key in DNS IP Address that you wish to use for Domain
Name service. Multiple DNS IP settings are common. The first
available DNS entry is used in most cases.
y
DHCP Clients Table Click the DHCP Clients Table button to show
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current DHCP client information.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
4-2 Access Control
The Access Control feature allows administrators to block certain users from
accessing the Internet or specific applications. Before using this function, the
network PCs which you want to control the access limitation should be
assigned fixed IP Addresses.
IP Access Setting
This function allows network administrators to restrict up to five groups of
specified network users/computers from accessing the certain
applications.
y Packet Filter Select a policy number from the drop-down box. This
allows you to identify the setting of each individual tunnel. It is
possible to create maximum of 10 policies.
y Name Enter the name of the policy in this field. This allows you to
differentiate a new policy from any others you have created.
y IP Access Setting Click this button to open the sub-screen to add the
IP of PCs you wish to apply on this policy.
y MAC Access Setting Click this button to open the sub-screen to add
the MAC of PCs you wish to apply on this policy.
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y Internet Access Select to “Deny” or “Allow” to allow or deny the
Internet access for the PCs you listed. The time frame to allow or
deny access depend on the selection on “Time of Day”
y Time of Day Choose the time frame you wish to allow or deny the
Internet access.
y Blocked Port Range Enter the range of port numbers which are used
by the applications you wish to be blocked.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
4-3 Virtual Server Settings
The Virtual Server Settings application allows you to set up a maximum of ten
public services that can be accessed by external users of the Internet, such as
a Web Address, Email, FTP etc.. Each service is provided by a dedicated
network computer (server) configured with a fixed IP Address. Although the
internal service addresses are not directly accessible to the external user, the
BLW-04G is able to identify the service requested by the service port number
and redirects the request to the appropriate internal IP Address/server. To use
this application, it is recommended you use a fixed Public IP Address from
your ISP. Note that your BLW-04G supports only one server of any particular
type.
y Set up individual network computers to act as servers and configure
each with a fixed IP Address.
y In the “One Page Setup” screen, ensure the “Private IP Address” is
set to the BLW-04G’s default setting of 192.168.1.1. If a fixed Public
IP Address is to be used, select “Internet IP address” and enter the
IP Address and other necessary information provided by your ISP.
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y Ports Enter the desired service port numbers in the “Ports” fields.
y TCP/UDP You can specify the protocol type as “TCP” or “UDP” from
the frame. If you are not sure which one to select, click “TCP” and
“UDP”. A selection of well-known service port numbers is provided on
this screen.
y Redirect IP Address Enter the appropriate IP Addresses of the
service computers in the “Redirect IP Address” locations.
y Enable Choose the Enable frame you wish to allow the Virtual Server.
Example: If the service port number 80~80 (representing an HTTP web
address) is entered in “Ports” and 192.168.1.100 is entered in
“Redirect IP Address”, then all HTTP requests from external Internet
users will be directed to the PC/server with the 192.168.1.100 fixed IP
Address.
Here is a list of the protocol and port ranges that are used by some
common applications.
Application Protocol Port Range
FTP Server TCP 21
Half Life UDP 6003, 7002, 27010, 27015,
27025
MSN Messenger TCP
TCP
UDP
UDP
UDP
TCP
6891-6900 (File-send)
1863
1863
5190
6901 (Voice)
6901 (Voice)
PC Anywhere host TCP
UDP
5631
5632
Quake 2 UDP 27910
Quake III UDP 27660 (first player)
"C:\Program Files\Quake III
Arena\quake3.exe" +set net_port 27660
27661 (second player)
Telnet Server TCP 23
Web Server TCP 80
4-4 DMZ Host
The DMZ Host application allows unrestricted 2-way communication between
a single LAN PC and other Internet users or servers. This application is useful
for supporting special-purpose services such as video-conferencing and
gaming, that require proprietary client software and/or 2-way user
communication.
To use this application, you must first obtain a fixed Public IP Address from
your ISP. Note that in order to provide unrestricted access, the Firewall
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provided by the BLW-04G to protect this port is disabled, thus creating a
potentially serious security risk.
It is recommended that this application is disabled when it is not in use by
choose “Disable” in the “DMZ Host” drop-down box.
With the public IP addresses, Internet users will access your servers more
easily and those servers can still communicate with other PCs in you LAN by
using Network Neighborhood.
1. Before setting up a LAN PC to act as a DMZ Host, you should
configure it using a fixed IP Address.
2. In the “One Page Setup” screen, ensure the Private IP Address is
set to the BLW-04G’s default setting of 192.168.1.1. In the Public IP
Address area, select “Internet IP Address”, and then enter the IP
Address and other necessary information provided by your ISP.
3. Click the “DMZ Host” option in the Advanced Menu and enter the
fixed IP Address of the Exposed Host PC in the “DMZ Host” IP
Address location. Remember, choose “Disable” will disable this
application.
4-5 Device Administration Settings
This feature allows the administrator to manage the BLW-04G by setting
certain parameters. For security reasons, it is strongly recommended that you
set Passwords and so that only authorized persons are able to magage this
BLW-04G. If the Password is left blank, all users on your network can access
this router simply by entering the unit’s IP Address into their web browser’s
location window.
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y Firmware Version This field shows the installed version of the
firmware.
y Administrator Password Enter the password you want to use into
the “Password Change” field and re-enter it into the “Password
Confirm” field for confirmation. Be sure that the password is less
than 64 characters long and without any special characters or
spaces.
y WAN MAC Change The WAN MAC address can be changed from
the original values if necessary. Some ISPs require users to change
the WAN MAC address to a registered one when users change their
access equipment.
y External Admin. Choose “Enable” to allow you to configure the
BLW-04G from the WAN side. Enter a port number between 1024 and
65535 (8080 is recommended). This port number must be specified
when you connect. To access the setting page from the external side,
enter “http://<WAN IP Address>:<Port Number>” into the web
browser address bar and press the “Enter” key.
y MTU MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) value should only be
changed if advised to do so by Technical Support. Enter a value
between 1 and 1500. This device will still auto-negotiate with the
remote server, to set the MTU size. The smaller of the 2 values
(auto-negotiated, or entered here) will be used. For direct
connections (not PPPoE or PPTP), the MTU used is always 1500.
y Block WAN Request The ICMP protocol is used by the "ping" and
"traceroute" programs, and by network monitoring and diagnostic
programs. If Enable, ICMP packets from the Internet will be ignored.
Disabling this option provides a slight increase in security.
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y UPnP UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery
and configuration of equipment attached to your LAN. UPnP is by
supported by Windows ME, XP, or later. If Enable, this device will be
visible via UPnP.
y Factory Defaults Select “Yes” if you want to return all the router’s
current settings to their factory defaults. Note that do not restore the
factory defaults unless it is absolutely necessary.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
4-6 Status Monitor
This screen shows the router’s current status. All of the information provided is
read-only.
y Login This column shows the login information of PPPoE or PPTP.
You can manually initiate the connection or make a disconnection by
clicking the appropriate buttons. Be aware that, if you make a
disconnection here, “Connect-on- demand” will not function until the
connection button is clicked. Note that “Login” won’t show any
information if you selected “Obtain an IP automatically” or “Static
IP” on the “OnePage Setup” page.
y Internet This section shows the IP settings status of the router as
seen by external users of the Internet. If you selected “Get IP
Address Automatically”, “PPPoE”, or “PPTP” in the OnePage
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Setup, the “ IP Address”, “Subnet Mask”, “Default Gateway”, and
“Domain Name Server” (DNS) will show the information retrieved
from the DHCP server or ISP which is currently being used. If you
selected “ Static IP” in “One Page Setup: Public IP Address”, the
information will be the same as your input.
DHCP Release: Click this button to eliminate the IP address obtained
from the DHCP server.
DHCP Renew: Click this button to refresh the IP address from the
DHCP server.
Note that the “DHCP Release” and “DHCP Renew” button only show
up when you select “Get IP Address Automatically” in the
OnePage Setup.
y Intranet This section displays the current “Private IP Address” and
“Subnet Mask” of the router, as seen by users of your internal
network.
y DHCP Clients Table If the router is setup to act as a DHCP server,
the LAN side IP Address distribution table will appear by clicking this
button.
4-7 Dynamic Routing
The Dynamic Routing feature allows your BLW-04G to exchange routing
information with other routers in the network. Enabling this feature is likely to
enhance performance of your BLW-04G.
y Dynamic Routing Choose LAN if the Destination LAN is on your
Router’s LAN side and choose WAN if the Destination LAN is on the
Router’s WAN side. Choose Both to support WAN/LAN mixed mode.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
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4-8 Static Routing
The Static Routing feature allows PCs that are connected to the BLW-04G,
either directly or through a hub/switch (in the immediate LAN), to communicate
with other PCs in the respective LAN segment which are connected to the
BLW-04G through another router (destination LAN). Up to 20 route entries may
be input into the BLW-04G. The diagram below gives an example of the
physical connections required to use Static Routing.
In the above diagram, PC2 in LAN#2 is connected to the BLW-04G via another
router while PC1 in LAN#1 is connected to the BLW-04G directly. Without
configuring the Static Routing function, the two PCs would not be able to
communicate with each other.
y Select Route entry Select the route entry number from 1 to 20 that
you wish to configure.
y Destination LAN IP and Subnet Mask Enter the IP Address and
Subnet Mask of the destination LAN that the immediate LAN is to
communicate with. Taking the above diagram as an example, enter
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192.168.2.0 in the “Destination LAN IP” field and 255.255.255.0 in
the “Subnet Mask” field.
y Default Gateway Enter the IP Address of the router that forwards
data packets to the destination LAN. For the above example, enter
192.168.1.2 in the “Default Gateway” field.
y Interface Choose LAN if the Destination LAN is on your Router’s
LAN side and choose WAN if the Destination LAN is on the Router’s
WAN side.
Referring back to the above diagram, with the proper settings, PC1 would be
able to access LAN 1, LAN 2 and the Internet while PC2 can only access LAN
2, LAN1.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
4-9 Log
The Log application provides the administrator with the ability to trace Internet
connection.
y Log If Enable, the “Access Log” button will enable you to use.
y Access Log Click this button to open the sub-screen to the “System
Log” page.
Click “Apply” after making any changes.
4-10 DDNS
“DDNS” is an acronym for Dynamic Domain Name Service. Whenerver you
set up the web servers, mail servers, or sometimes ftp servers,you need a
“Domain Name” to help Internet users reach your servers easily.
Internet actually runs on IP Addresses which are numerical order, for example
“66.37.215.53”. These IP Addresses identify the location of each device
connected to the Internet. However, the human brain does not easily
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remember this numbering system, so a system that allocates a domain name
such as “www.dyndns.org” provides an easier method. If you type
“66.37.215.53” or “www.dyndns.org” in the web browser’s address bar, the
browser will show the same web page. This is because both methods relate to
the same web server. The “Domain Name Servers” used to manage the
Internet will translate “www.dyndns.org” into the IP Address “66.37.215.53” in
order to allow your browser to find the web server and display the correct web
page in your browser.
If your “WAN Connection Type”, as shown in One Page Setup section, is
“Obtain IP Address Automatically”, “PPPoE”, or “PPTP” with dynamic IP
address assigned by ISP, it will cause an error when you set up the public
computer servers in your LAN side PCs. Internet users may not be able to
reach your servers because your WAN side IP address may change each time
you initiate the connection to your ISP. The DDNS function will help to map
your IP address to your domain name when your ISP assigns a new dynamic
IP Address.
Note that this DDNS function acts as the client appliance of DDNS service and
is only able to be use in conjunction with the service provided by DynDNS.org.
Before you begin using this function, you will need to apply to DynDNS.org to
be able to use the service. Please visit www.dyndns.org for further information.
y DDNS Service Choose “Enable” from the drop-down box if you wish
to activate this function.
y Username After you have applied for the DDNS service from
DynDNS.org, you will be issued with a Username. Enter this
username in the “Username” field.
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y Password DynDNS.org, will also issue you with a password. Enter
the detail in the “Password” field.
y Host Name DynDNS.org, will provide you with a Host Name. Enter
this name in the “Host Name” field.
y Your IP Address This will display the IP Address currently assigned
by your ISP.
y Status This display the current status of the DDNS function.
Click “Apply”to save any changes you have made.
4-11 Wireless
This setting page allows you to configure advanced wireless functions. To set
those items needs more technology background. Unless you really understand
those technical terms, it would be better to leave them as default setting.
y Beacon Interval It’s the signal sent periodically by wireless access
point to provide synchronization among the stations in wireless LAN.
y RTS Threshold RTS packet is use to account for potential hidden
stations. This feature allows you to set the size of RTS packet.
y Fragmentation Threshold If the length of data frame needing
transmission exceeds the fragmentation threshold you set in the
column, the data frame will be fragmented. If there is significant
interference or high utilization in your wireless network, the smaller
fragmentation value can increase the reliability transmission.
However, it is more efficient to set the large fragment size.
- 26 -
y DTIM Interval DTIM is the acronym of delivery traffic indication
message. It determines how often the MAC Layer forward multicast
traffic.
y Transmission Rate Select “Auto” or other speed you wish to use.
y Authentication Type Select either Open System or Share Key as
authentication type. If you are not sure, select both.
y Station MAC Filter This function allows you to restrict wireless users
to access Internet. Select “Deny” to block the wireless nodes listed on
the “MAC Address Filter List” to access Internet. Select “Allow” to
allow the wireless nodes listed on the “MAC Address Filter List” to
access Internet.
Click “Active MAC Table” button to open the Wireless Active MAC
table.
Click “Edit MAC Filter Setting” button to open the MAC address edit
table.
Wireless MAC Entry There are 40 entries in this table. Enter the
MAC addresses of the computers you wish to allow or block in the
columns.
Click Apply after making any changes.
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4-12 Firmware Upgrade
The firmware (software) in the BLW-04G can be upgraded using your Web
Browser. You must first download the upgrade file, then select Firmware
Upgrade on the Advanced menu. You will see a screen like the following.
4-12.1 To perform the Firmware Upgrade:
1. Click the "Browse" button and navigate to the location of the upgrade
file.
2. Select the upgrade file. It's name will appear in the Upgrade field.
3. Click the "Upgrade" button to commence the firmware upgrade.
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Chapter 5: Macintosh Setup
This chapter provides information on using Macintosh computers in your
network. The instructions given here are for system software version 8.0 or
above, which comes with the TCP/IP Protocol preloaded and supports DHCP
Addressing.
5-1 Hardware Connections
Connect your Macintosh computer to your BLW-04G. If you have a newer
computer, there will be a Ethernet port on the back. Older computers will need
to have an Ethernet card installed. See your computer’s User’s Manual for
instructions on Ethernet card installation.
5-2 Computer Network Configuration
It is assumed that your computer’s system software already has TCP/IP
installed. You may manually configure your computer with a fixed IP Address
or have an IP Address dynamically assigned to it by the BLW-04G’s DHCP
server.
5-2.1 Dynamic IP Addressing using DHCP Server.
1. From the “Apple” menu, select “Control Panel” and click on
“TCP/IP”.
2. In the “TCP/IP (A New Name For Your Configuration)” window,
select “Ethernet” in the “Connect via” location from the drop-down
list.
3. In the “Setup” area:
- Select “Using DHCP Server” in the “Configure” location from
the drop-down list.
- No other data needs to be entered.
- Close the window.
4. Click “Save” from the file menu, then “Quit” TCP/IP.
5. Restart the computer.
5-2.2 Manual Configuration of Fixed IP Addresses
1. From the “Apple” menu, select “Control Panel” and click on
“TCP/IP”.
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2. In the “TCP/IP (A New Name For Your Configuration)” window,
select “Ethernet” in the “Connect via” location from the drop-down
list.
3. In the “Setup” area:
- Select “Manually” in the “Configure” location from the drop-down
list.
- In the “IP Address” location, enter the IP Address that you want
to assign to the computer. (see the notes on Fixed IP Addresses
2-4 above).
- Enter “255.255.255.0” in the “Subnet Mask” location.
- Enter “192.168.1.1” (the BLW-04G’s default IP Address) in the
“Router Address” location.
- Enter the ISP’s IP Address in the “Name Server” location if your
ISP has provided the information.
- Close the window.
4. Click “Save” from the file menu then “Quit” TCP/IP.
5. Restart the computer.
5-3 BLW-04G Configuration
To configure your BLW-04G, use your Web Browser and follow the instructions
given in Chapter 3: Internet Access, section 3.3. To configure advanced
settings, see Chapter 4: Advanced Applications.
5-4 Adding BLW-04G to Existing Network
If the BLW-04G is to be added to an existing Macintosh computer network, the
computers will have to be configured to connect to the Internet via the
BLW-04G.
1. From the “Apple” menu, select “Control Panel” and click on
“TCP/IP”.
2. From the “File” menu, select “Configurations” and select your
existing network configuration. Click “Duplicate”.
3. Rename your existing configuration. Click “OK”, and “Make Active”.
4. In the Setup area:
- Select “Manually” in the “Configure” location from the
drop-down list.
- In the “IP Address” location, enter the IP Address that you want
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to assign to the computer. (see the note on fixed IP Addresses 2-4
above).
- Enter “255.255.255.0” in the “Subnet Mask” location.
- Enter “192.168.1.1” (the BLW-04G’s default IP Address) in the
“Router Address” location.
- Enter the ISP’s IP Address in the “Name Server” location if your
ISP has provided the information.
- Close the window.
5. Click “Confirm”. TCP/IP is now configured for manual IP Addressing.
6. Configure your BLW-04G (see 5.3 above).
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Chapter 6: Trouble Shooting
This chapter provides solutions to problems you may encounter during
installation and operation of your BLW-04G.
Hardware
T: The Power LED is off.
Check that the power cable is properly connected to the BLW-04G, the power
adapter and the socket.
T: The LAN Link LED is off.
Check that the computer, hub or switch is properly connected to the BLW-04G.
Check that the computer’s Ethernet card is properly installed.
Check that the BLW-04G and the computer are on the same network segment.
If you are not sure, initiate the DHCP function (4-1) and set your computer to
obtain an IP address automatically (3-3).
Check that the computer is using an IP address in the range of 192.168.1.2 ~
192.168.1.254 and is therefore compatible with the BLW-04G’s default IP
address of 192.168.1.1 (3-3). Check also the Subnet Mask is set to
255.255.255.0
T: The Status LED stays lit.
The Status LED should light up when the device is first powered up to indicate
it is checking for proper operation. After a few seconds, the LED should go off.
If it stays lit, the device is experiencing a problem. Please contact your dealer.
T: Why can’t I configure the BLW-04G?
First, check whether the BLW-04G is properly installed or not, including the
LAN and WAN connections, and that all devices are switched on.
Next, check the IP configuration of your PC:
y For Windows 95/98 users: run Winipcfg.exe or Winipcfg from Run on
the Start menu. If there are no IP addresses shown, click Release All
and then click Renew All to get the IP addresses.
For Windows NT 4.0 users: run Ipconfig.exe or Ipconfig from Run on
the Start menu and follow the instruction as above.
y Ensure that your PC and the BLW-04G are on the same network
segment. If you are not sure, initiate the DHCP function and set you
PC to obtain an IP address automatically.
y Ensure that your PC is using an IP Address within the range
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192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254 and thus compatible with the BLW-04G
default IP address of 192.168.1.1
y Finally, use the Ping command in MS-DOS mode to verify the network
connection:
y Ping 127.0.0.1 to check the TCP/IP stack of your computer
y Ping gateway IP (Default: 192.168.1.1) to check the internal link of
network.
Note if you’re not able to view the web configuration screen for the BLW-04G,
make sure that you remove any proxy setting within your Internet browser, or
remove the dial-up settings within your browser.
T: What can I do if I have forgotten the password for the BLW-04G?
You have to reset the Broadband Gateway back to the factory default setting
by pushing the Reset button for longer than 3 seconds. Refer to the user’s
manual to re-configure the settings.
T: I cannot access my ISP’s home page, why?
Some ISPs, such as @Home, require that their host name be specifically
configured into your computer before you can surf their local web pages. If you
are unable to access your ISP’s home page, enter your ISP’s Domain Name
into the OnePage Setup (3-3) to enable all computers in your LAN access to it.
If you only want to allow computers to access these home pages, open the
TCP/IP Properties window (2-4) on these computers, click the “DNS
Configuration” tab and enter your ISP’s Domain Name in the “Domain
Name Search Suffix” location.
Client Side (Computers)
T: I can’t browse in the Internet via the BLW-04G
Check that the LAN Link/ACT LED on the front panel is lit to indicate proper
connection between the computer and the BLW-04G. Check if both ends of the
network cable are properly connected.
Check that TCP/IP is installed on your computer (2-4).
For Windows 95/98, use a MS-Dos prompt to run “winipcfg” (“Ipconfig” for
Windows NT). Check that the computer’s IP Address is within the range of
192.168.1.2 ~ 192.168.1.254 and the Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0. If you
are using a fixed IP address, also check the Default Gateway IP Address and
DNS address in “More”.
Check that the values as stated above are the same in Status Monitor (4-7).
T: I get a time out error when I enter a URL or IP address.
- 33 -
Check whether other computers work. If they do, ensure the computer’s IP
settings are correct (IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway IP Address and DNS)
(3-3).
Check the BLW-04G’s settings are correct (3-3).
- 34 -
Appendix A: Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the maximum number of IP Addresses the BLW-04G can support?
The BLW-04G can support up to 253 IP Addresses in the range of
192.168.1.2~192.168.1.254.
Q: Where should the BLW-04G be installed on the network?
In a typical environment, the BLW-04G should be installed between the
ADSL/Cable modem and your LAN. Connect the BLW-04G to the Ethernet port
of the ADSL/Cable modem, and connect your PCs to the RJ45 jack on the LAN
side.
Q: Does the BLW-04G support IPX or AppleTalk?
No. The BLW-04G was designed to provide a multiple user LAN with shared
Internet access and supports only the TCP/IP Protocol. If your Novell or Apple
system is configured with TCP/IP, the BLW-04G can support them.
Q: Does the BLW-04G support 100Mb Ethernet?
Yes, the BLW-04G supports both 10Mb & 100Mb Ethernet on the LAN side.
Q: What is “NAT” and what is it used for?
The Network Address Translation (NAT) Protocol translates multiple IP
Addresses on a private LAN into a single public IP Address that is accessible
to the Internet. NAT not only provides the basis for multiple IP Address sharing
but also adds to the LAN’s security since the multiple IP Addresses of LAN
computers are never transmitted directly to the Internet.
Q: How can BLW-04G share single user account to multiple users?
BLW-04G combines the following technologies to enable this function.
NAT (Network Address Translation): NAT is a technology which can create a
private network domain behind a public IP. It is usually used as a firewall. It can
also be used when there are not enough IP Address.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): DHCP is a protocol used to
assign IP Address to internal computers automatically. It can save a lot of IP
configuration. This protocol is supported by Windows 95/NT, Mac OS, and
many other popular OS.
DNS (Domain name service): DNS is a protocol which translates a Domain
Name to IP Addresses that Internet host can handle. Addressing systems
using Domain name, like www.yahoo.com, is easier to use than an IP address,
such as 204.71.177.70.
Q: What operating systems does BLW-04G series support?
- 35 -
BLW-04G uses standard TCP/IP protocol, it can be operated as long as you
have the TCP/IP protocol installed in your operating system (For example:
Windows 9x, Windows NT, Windows 2000, etc.)
Q: Can I use multiple E-mail accounts if I use BLW-04G?
Yes, you can. Some people think having one Internet account mean that they
can only have one E-mail account. However, E-mail is set by mailbox accounts
and is different to the account you use to connect to your ISP. If you want more
E-mail accounts, you should contact your ISP or you can browse the Internet to
apply for a free E-mail account.
Q: Can Internet users access LAN computers?
BLW-04G uses NAT to router all in/out packets. All external users can only see
the IP of the BLW-04G but cannot access LAN computers. The LAN computers
are well protected with the BLW-04G’s natural firewall.
Q: When should I use DMZ host?
Enable DMZ host when you want to have unrestricted communication between
your PC and the Internet, for example, playing Internet games (i.e. Ages of
Empire) or having multimedia conferences (i.e. NetMeeting).
Q: Does the BLW-04G support PPTP of VPN packets pass through?
Yes. BLW-04G supports single session PPTP pass through.
Q: Does the BLW-04G series support IPsec?
Yes. BLW-04G supports single session IPsec pass through.
- 36 -
Appendix B: Technical Specifications
Standards Compliance
IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T
IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX
IEEE 802.11g Wireless
Interface
One 10/100Mbps Ethernet RJ45 port on WAN
Four 10/100Mbps auto-sensing Ethernet RJ-45 ports and one uplink port on
LAN
Wireless access point
Management
Web-based UI Management
LED Display
Power / DMZ / Status
Enable/Activity for Wireless interface
Link/Activity for both WAN and LAN port(s)
Full Duplex/Collision for WAN and LAN port(s)
100 for WAN and LAN port(s)
Environment
Operation Temperature: 0 ~ 45 degrees C (32 ~ 113 degrees F)
Storage Temperature: -20 ~ 65 degrees C (-4 ~ 149 degrees F)
Humidity: 0 ~ 90% non-condensing
Dimension
180 (W) x 150 (H) x 29.3 (D) mm
Power
External, DC 5V, 2A
EMI
VCCI Class B, FCC Class B, CE, DGT
- 37 -
Appendix C: Glossary
10Base-T / 100Base-T
The adaptation of the Ethernet standard for Local Area Networks (LANs).
10Base-T uses a twisted pair cable with maximum lengths of 100 meters and
transmits data at 10Mbps maximum. 100Base-T is similar, but uses two
different twisted pair configurations and transmits at 100Mbps maximun.
Ad-hoc Network
Also known as the peer-to-peer network, an ad-hoc network allows all PCs
participating in a wireless network and being within range, to communicate
with each other. User’s in the same ad-hoc network can share files, printers,
and other network resources.
Adapter
A device that makes the connection to a network segment, such as Ethernet
and modem cards and adapters.
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), as it’s name indicates, is an
asymmetrical data trasmission technology with higher traffic rate downstream
and lower traffic rate upstream. ADSL technology satisfies the bandwidth
requirements of applications which demand “asymmetric” traffic, such as web
surfing, file downloads and telecommuting.
Bandwidth
The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time.
Browser
A software application used to locate and display Web pages. Examples
include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
BSS
BSS is the acronym of Basic Service Set that consists of a wireless access
point and a group of wireless client PCs.
Communication Protocols
Communication between devices requires they agree on the format in which
the data is to be transmitted, sent and received. The communication protocols
are a set of rules that define the data format.
- 38 -
Cookie
A Cookie is a piece of data stored on your PC that a web server can retrieve
later to identify your machine. It is normally a text with ID number, but can
include other information.
DHCP
DHCP, short for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, is a protocol for
assigning dynamic IP Addresses to devices on a network. Dynamic
Addressing means that a device can have a different IP Address each time it
connects to the network.
Domain Name
A name that identifies one or more IP Addresses. For example, the domain
name microsoft.com represents about a dozen IP Addresses. Domain names
are used in URLs to identify particular Web pages. For example, in the URL
http://www.pcwebopedia.com/index.html, the domain name is
pcwebopedia.com.
DoS
DoS is the abbreviation for Denial of Service. This occurs when a computer or
network is overwhelmed to the point that it can no longer function normally. For
example, a hacker may use fake IP addresses to accumulate numerious
connections to flood the server he wants to attack.
DDNS
DDNS is an acronym for Dynamic Domain Name Service. It helps map the
domain name of a host which has a dynamic public IP address to the IP
address that is allocated each time the ISP assigns a new IP address.
DNS
Short for Domain Name Server, DNS translates domain names into IP
Addresses and help us recognize and remember domain names as they are
alphabetic in form. The Internet actually runs on numbered IP Addresses. DNS
servers translate domain names into their respective IP Addresses.
DSSS
Also known as Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum, it is a radio transmission
method that continuously changes frequencies.
Ethernet
One of the most common Local Area Network (LAN) protocols. Ethernet uses
a bus topology which supports a data transfer rate of 10 Mbps.
- 39 -
ESS
ESS is an acronym for Extend Service Set that consists of several BSS’s.
Firewall
A security system used to enforce an access control policy between an
organisation’s networks and the Internet.
IEEE
Short for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, an organization best
known for developing standards for the computer and electronics industry.
Internet
A global network connecting millions of computers for the exchange of data,
news and opinions.
Intranet
A network based on the TCP/IP Protocol (an internet) belonging to an
organization, and accessible only by that organization's members, employees,
or others with authorization.
Infrastructure Network
Unlike “Ad-hoc” network, where users on a wireless LAN send data to each
other directly, users’ on an “Infrastructure” network send data to the other point
through a dedicated access point. Additionally, the access point enables users
on a wireless LAN to access an existing wired network to take advantage of
sharing the wired networks resources, such as files, printers, and Internet
access.
IP Address
An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the
TCP/IP Protocol route messages based on the IP Address of the destination.
The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four
numbers separated by periods. Each number can be from zero to 255.
IPSec
Internet Protocol Security is a security standard for network transmission. It
provides authentication and packet encryption over the Internet.
ISP
Short for Internet Service Provider, a company that provides access to the
Internet, usually for a monthly fee. The ISP provides a software package,
username, password and access phone number allowing users to log on to the
Internet, browse the World Wide Web and send and receive e-mail.
- 40 -
Local Area Network (LAN)
A computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined
to a single building or group of buildings. However, one LAN can be connected
to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio waves. A system
of LANs connected in this way is called a wide area network (WAN)
MAC Address
Short for Media Access Control Address and in a hardware address that
uniquely identifies each node of a network.
NAT
Short for Network Address Translation, a routing protocol that allows global IP
Addresses to be translated into multiple private IP Addresses for use on
internal LAN networks. The explosion in the use of the Internet has created a
critical problem for the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) which is in
charge of assigning IP Addresses to Internet users, ISPs etc.. NAT is a
technology that has been introduced to help maximize the utilization of
assigned IAN and global IP Addresses.
Network Protocol
Network protocols encapsulate and forward data packets from one interface to
another.
PAP/CHAP ISP
Short for Password Authentication Protocol and Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol. Most ISPs use either one for user identification. If your
ISP doesn’t support these two protocols, contact your ISP for an authentication
script.
PPP
Short for Point-to-Point Protocol, a communications protocol for transmitting
information over standard telephone lines between devices from different
manufacturers.
PPPoE
Short for PPP over Ethernet, relying on two widely accepted standards,
Ethernet and the Point-to-Point Protocol. It’s a communications protocol for
transmitting information between devices from different manufacturers over an
Ethernet.
PPTP
Short for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol, PPTP encapsulates the packet for
transmission over the Internet. It is similar to creating a private “tunnel” over a
large public network and has almost equal security to a private network without
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actually leasing a private line.
Protocol
An agreed format for transmitting, sending and receiving data between two
devices.
Roaming
The ability for a wireless device moving from one access point’s range to
another without losing the connection.
Router
An Internet device that routes requests for information to other routers until the
information’s location is found and the data can be transmitted back to the
origin of the request.
SPI
SPI is an acronym for Stateful Packet Inspection. The SPI engine examines
not just the headers of the packet, but also the packet contents, it can then
determine more about the packet than just its source and destination
information. Moreover, stateful inspection firewalls also close off ports until a
connection to the specific port is requested.
TCP/IP
Short for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol, the suite of
communications protocols that enable hosts on the Internet to connect and
exchange streams of data.
VPN
VPN is an acronym for Virtual Private Network. Via access control and
encryption, VPN brings the same security to data transmission through the
Internet as if it being transmitted through a private network. It not only takes
advantage of economies of scale but also ensures high level security while the
packet is sent over the large public network.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A system of LANs being connected by telephone lines and radio waves.
Although someWANs may be privately owned, they are usually considered a
means of public access.
WEP
An acronym for Wired Equivalent Privacy. It is an encryption mechanism
used to protect your wireless data communications. WEP uses a combination
of 64-bit/128-bit keys to encrypt data that is transmitted between all points in a
wireless network to insure data security. It is described in the IEEE 802.11
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standard.
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