IT-100
MULTISYSTEM TV ANALYZER
OPERATING MANUAL
Revision 1.5 of 24.08.2018
2
CONTENS
1. GENERAL INFORMATION................................................................................................5
1.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................5
1.2. Safety Precautions..................................................................................................... 6
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION........................................6
2.1. Function .....................................................................................................................6
2.2. Environment Conditionals ..........................................................................................7
2.3. Package Contents .....................................................................................................7
2.4. Specifications.............................................................................................................8
2.4.1. Spectrum Analyzer..........................................................................................8
2.4.2. Analog TV signal parameters measurement ...................................................8
2.4.3. Digital CATV signal parameters measurement ...............................................8
2.4.4. DVB-T signal parameters measurement .........................................................9
2.4.5. DVB-T2 signal parameters measurement .......................................................9
2.4.6. DVB-S/S2 signal parameters measurement....................................................9
2.4.7. IPTV signal parameters measurement............................................................9
2.4.8. Optical input parameters .................................................................................9
2.4.9. TV video and sound analysis parameters .......................................................9
2.4.10. Transport stream analysis parameters..........................................................10
2.4.11. Transport stream recording parameters........................................................10
2.4.12. Inputs and interfaces.....................................................................................10
2.4.13. General specifications ...................................................................................10
2.5. IT-100 Range of Application ......................................................................................10
2.6. Design and Operation Overview ................................................................................ 11
2.6.1. Principle of Operation...................................................................................... 11
2.6.2. Component Arrangement ................................................................................11
3. PREPARATION FOR OPERATION...................................................................................14
4. OPERATION PROCEDURE..............................................................................................14
4.1. Operation starting ......................................................................................................14
4.2. Controls and Indicators..............................................................................................15
4.3. Terrestrial TV Channels Measurement Procedure..................................................... 16
4.3.1. General Data...................................................................................................16
4.3.2. Operating Modes Settings...............................................................................19
4.3.3. TV Channel Parameters Measurement in Channel Mode...............................19
4.3.4. Signal Spectrum Measurement in Spectrum Mode ......................................... 22
4.3.5. TV Channel Parameters Measurement in Full Scan Mode ............................. 23
4.3.6. TV channels parameters measurement in Echo Diagram mode .....................26
4.3.7. Equalizer parameters measurement of DVB-C and J.38-B/C channels ..........27
4.3.8. Measurement of analog channel undesirable modulation (HUM)....................28
4.3.9. Measurement of Second-order and Triple-beat intermodulation (CSO/CTB) ..29
4.3.10. Channel reception quality monitoring ............................................................29
4.3.11. Data Logger Function....................................................................................32
4.3.12. Channel Plans...............................................................................................32
4.3.13. Limit plans ..................................................................................................... 35
4.3.14. Channel Data Logger ....................................................................................37
4.4. Satellite TV Channels Measurement Procedure ........................................................ 42
4.4.1. General Information ........................................................................................42
4.4.2. Operating Modes Setting.................................................................................43
4.4.3. Satellite Transponder Parameters Measurement in the Channel Mode..........44
4.4.4. Satellite Transponder Parameters Measurement in the MER/BER Mode .......46
4.4.5. Signal Spectrum Measurement in the Spectrum Mode ...................................47
4.4.6. DiSEqC control mode......................................................................................49
4.4.7. DiSEqC positioner operating ...........................................................................50
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4.4.8. Transponder reception quality monitoring .......................................................50
4.4.9. Data Logger Handling ..................................................................................... 51
4.4.10. LNB Configuration Setting Mode...................................................................51
4.4.11. Satellite Parameter Tables Handling.............................................................54
4.5. IPTV Measurements Procedure.................................................................................58
4.5.1. General Information ........................................................................................58
4.5.2. IPTV Stream Reception Quality Parameters Measurement ............................59
4.5.3. IPTV stream reception quality monitoring........................................................60
4.5.4. TCP/IP network connection quality testing (TCP/IP ping) ............................... 62
4.6. Transport Stream Analysis Procedure .......................................................................63
4.6.1. General information......................................................................................... 63
4.6.2. Transport stream general information window ................................................64
4.6.3. Transport stream analysis profile settings .......................................................65
4.6.4. Transport stream analysis recommendations..................................................70
4.6.5. Transport stream analysis events logger.........................................................71
4.6.6. ETSI TR 101 290 errors information window...................................................73
4.6.7. Transport stream programs list .......................................................................74
4.6.8. PCR time domain monitoring ..........................................................................77
4.6.9. Transport stream PIDs list...............................................................................78
4.6.10. Transport stream service information tables tree ..........................................80
4.7. TV Video and Sound Analysis Procedure ..................................................................81
4.7.1. General Information ........................................................................................81
4.7.2. TV Picture and Sound Analysis for Digital Channels....................................... 82
4.7.3. TV Video and Sound Analysis for Analog Channels .......................................82
4.8. MPEG Transport Stream Recording Procedure........................................................83
4.9. File Manager..............................................................................................................84
4.9.1. General information......................................................................................... 84
4.9.2. Operating File Manager...................................................................................84
4.10. Setup and Test Modes.............................................................................................86
4.10.1. Self-Test Mode..............................................................................................86
4.10.2. Regional Parameters Setting ........................................................................87
4.10.3. Analyzer Operation Parameters Setting........................................................87
4.10.4. Identification Data Readout ...........................................................................88
4.10.5. Network Parameters Setting .........................................................................89
4.11. Taking screenshot ...................................................................................................90
4.12. Analyzer Firmware Updating....................................................................................90
4.12.1. Regular Firmware Updating Procedure........................................................90
4.12.2. Emergency Firmware Updating Procedure ...................................................91
4.13. Analyzer Remote Control.........................................................................................92
4.13.1. Remote Desktop ...........................................................................................92
4.13.2. Operating Internal Drive ................................................................................93
4.14. Measurement results output via USB interface........................................................94
4.14.1. General information....................................................................................... 94
4.14.2. Message format ............................................................................................94
4.14.3. Messages of channel measurement results ..................................................94
4.15. Battery Operation..................................................................................................... 96
5. MAINTENANCE................................................................................................................. 97
6. TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................................................................97
7. STORAGE .........................................................................................................................98
8. TRANSPORTATION..........................................................................................................98
9. LABELING .........................................................................................................................98
10. WARRANTY INFORMATION ..........................................................................................98
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1. GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1. Introduction
This Operating Manual is intended for introducing the design, functions, and basic
instructions related to operation, servicing and transportation of the IT-100 Multisystem TV
Analyzer (Analyzer).
The IT-100 Multisystem TV Analyzer is designed for measuring parameters of digital
and analog TV signals and for controlling TV picture and audio channel.
The Analyzer can be used both in laboratory, powered by an external power source,
and in field, powered by batteries.
The reliability of the IT-100 is ensured by fulfillment of regular maintenance
procedures. These procedures and their intervals are described in section
5.
In this manual the following abbreviations are used:
− 8PSK – 8-ary Phase Shift Keying;
− 16APSK – 16-ary Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying;
− 32APSK – 32-ary Amplitude and Phase Shift Keying;
− ADC – Analog To Digital Converter;
− BER – Bit Error Ratio;
− CATV – Cable Television;
− CDL – Channel Data Logger;
− C/N – Carrier-to-noise ratio;
− CP – Channel Plan;
− CSO/CTB – Composite Second Order and Composite Triple Beat;
− DF – Delay Factor;
− DiSEqC – Digital Satellite Equipment Control;
− DL – Data Logger;
− DNS – Domain Name System;
− DVB-C – Digital Video Broadcasting – Cable;
− DVB-S/S2 – Digital Video Broadcasting – Satellite;
− DVB-T/T2 – Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial;
− ES – Erroneous Second;
− IAT – Inter-Arrival Time;
− ICMP – Internet Control Message Protocol;
− IF – Intermediate Frequency;
− IP – Internet Protocol;
− IPTV – Internet Protocol Television;
− ISI – Input Stream Identifier;
− LCD – Liquid Crystal Display;
− LNB – Low Noise Block;
− LP – Limit Plan;
− MER - Modulation Error Ratio;
− MLT – Media Loss Total;
− MPEG – Moving Picture Expert Group;
− NTSC –
National Television System Committee (Color TV broadcasting standard);
− PAL – Phase Alternating Line (Color TV broadcasting standard);
− PC – Personal Computer;
− PCR – Program Clock Reference;
− PER – Packet Error Ratio;
− PLS – Physical Layer Scrambling;
− QAM – Quadrature Amplitude Modulation;
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− QPSK – Quadrature Phase Shift Keying;
− RF – Radio Frequency;
− RMS – Root Mean Square;
− RTP – Real-Time Transport Protocol;
− SECAM – Séquentiel couleur à mémoire (Color TV broadcasting standard);
− SES – Severely Errored Second;
− TF – Transponder frequency;
− TS – Transport stream;
− TV – Television;
− UDP – User Datagram Protocol;
− V/A – Video to Audio carriers ratio;
1.2. Safety Precautions
Thoroughly inspect the product and carefully read the related documentation to get
acquainted with all the safety markings and instructions before you start to operate the
Analyzer.
WARNING Only trained service personnel aware of the hazards involved should
perform repair on the Analyzer.
CAUTION Tuning the Analyzer and replacement of the components that influence
the accuracy of measurements without service personnel is strictly prohibited, since the
components used in the Analyzer are purpose-made and their replacement will result in
inaccurate operation of the Analyzer. To exclude the possibility of mechanical damage to
IT-100, the instructions regarding the storage and transportation (see sections 7 and 8) of
the Analyzer must be observed.
2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
2.1. Function
The IT-100 Multisystem TV Analyzer is designed for measuring parameters of digital
and analog TV signals and for controlling TV video and audio. The Analyzer enables
measurement of the following parameters for analog TV channels: channel level, Video to
Audio (V/A) ratio, Carrier to Noise (C/N) ratio. It allows measuring the following parameters
for digital TV channels: channel power and Carrier to Noise (C/N) ratio. For J.83 Annex
A/B/C (cable television), DVB-T/T2 signals (terrestrial television) and DVB-S/S2 signals
(satellite television), IT-100 offers measurement of reception quality parameters:
modulation error ratio MER, bit error ratio BER, constellation diagram, echo diagram and
impulse response. The Analyzer allows for ETSI TR 101290 real time analysis of transport
stream.
The Analyzer features operation in CATV networks distributing through coaxial or
fiber-optic cables, as well as in IPTV channels.
IT-100 offers automatic defining of the channel settings (channel frequency, TV
system, symbol rate, modulation, etc.).
The Analyzer can be connected to a personal computer to enable remote access to
its functions and updating its firmware. External memory devices can be connected to the
Analyzer via USB interface to enable data storage. IT-100 also features spectrum
measurement mode. It allows measuring direct and alternating current voltage of remote
networks powering and television and broadcasting reception distribution systems, as well
as supplying power to antenna amplifiers or LNBs. The Analyzer supports DiSEqC and
«Single Cable Routing» command system.
The appearance of the Analyzer is shown in figure 2.1.
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Figure 2.1
This Operating Manual is made in accordance with the IT-100 hardware version
02.100.1 and the 2.10.X.X/1.0.X.X firmware version.
2.2. Environment Conditionals
Normal operating conditions:
1) ambient temperature (23±5) ºС;
2) relative air humidity (55±25) %;
3) atmospheric pressure 84-106 kPa (630-795 mm Hg);
4) voltage transients correspond to CAT II measurement category.
Rated operating conditions:
1) ambient temperature from -10 to 50 ºС;
2) relative air humidity not greater than 90% at temperature 25 ºС;
3) atmospheric pressure 84-106 kPa (630-795 mm Hg).
2.3. Package Contents
The Analyzer package includes:
1) IT-100 Multisystem TV Analyzer ................................................1 pc;
2) Carrying Case ............................................................................1 pc;
3) Carrying Sling ............................................................................1 pc;
4) Crosshead Screwdriver..............................................................1 pc;
5) Li-Ion 7.4V 4000mAh Battery .....................................................1 pc;
6) Mains Charger ...........................................................................1 pc;
7) Mains Charger Cable .................................................................1 pc;
8) Car Lighter Adapter....................................................................1 pc;
9) “F”-”F” Adapter ...........................................................................1 pc;
10) “F”-”IEC” Adapter ......................................................................1 pc;
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11) FC optical adapter with a dust cap............................................1 pc;
12) SC optical adapter with a dust cap............................................1 pc;
13) USB port cable..........................................................................1 pc;
14) Calibration certificate.................................................................1 pc;
15) Quick start guide .......................................................................1 pc.
2.4. Specifications
2.4.1. Spectrum Analyzer
Operating frequency range:
- terrestrial broadcasting mode: ....................................................................5 to 1200 MHz;
- satellite broadcasting mode: ...................................................................950 to 2150 MHz;
Frequency resolution: ................................................................................................25 kHz;
Level measurement range:.......................................................................... 20 to 120 dBμV;
Level measurement accuracy: ..................................................................................±1.2 dB;
Level measurement accuracy at operating temperature:..........................................±1.5 dB;
Level measurement resolution:.................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
Frequency
indication: ........................................................................................ 7 characters;
Channel number indication: .............................................................................. 3 characters;
Signal level indication: ...................................................................................... 4 characters;
Frequency sweep range: .......................................... 10,20,50,100,200,400,800,1200 MHz;
Measurement detector:.......................................................Quasi-peak, Root-mean-square;
Reference level:....................................................................... 50 to 120 dBμV, 10 dB step;
Resolution bandwidths:.................................................................... 50, 120, 250, 1000 kHz;
Number of markers: ............................................................................................................ 2;
“Quick” frequency sweep time in frequency ranges, less than:
- 1200 MHz: .............................................................................................................. 250 ms;
- 800 MHz: ................................................................................................................ 170 ms;
- 10,20,50,100,200 MHz: ........................................................................................... 70 ms.
2.4.2. Analog TV signal parameters measurement
Operating frequency range: .........................................................................42 to 1002 MHz;
TV broadcasting standards: ........................................................................ B/G, I, D/K, M/N;
Color TV broadcasting standards: .......................................................PAL, SECAM, NTSC;
measurement range:........................................................................... 30 to 120 dBμV;
Level
Level measurement accuracy (C/N>20 dB): .............................................................±1.2 dB;
Level measurement resolution:.................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
Upper C/N measurement range value (channel level > 65 dBμV): ............................. 50 dB;
HUM measurement range:.................................................................................. 0.6 to 20%;
Lower CSO/CTB measurement range value (channel level > 65 dBμV): ................ -62 dBc;
2.4.3. Digital CATV signal parameters measurement
Operating frequency range: .........................................................................42 to 1002 MHz;
Power
measurement range: ........................................................................ 35 to 115 dBμV;
Power measurement accuracy (C/N>20 dB): ...........................................................±1.2 dB;
Digital CATV standards:............................................................... ITU-T J.83 ANNEX A/B/C;
Modulation type: .......................................................................QAM64, QAM128, QAM256;
Symbol rate:.................................................................................................5.0 to 7.2 MSps;
MER measurement range:................................................................................. 29 to 42 dB;
MER measurement accuracy:...................................................................................±2.0 dB;
MER measurement resolution: .................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
BER measurement resolution: ............................................................. 1.0x10-3 to 1.0x10
-12
;
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Minimal channel power for quasi-error-free decoding:............................................ 50 dBμV.
2.4.4. DVB-T signal parameters measurement
Operating frequency range: .........................................................................42 to 1002 MHz;
Power
measurement range: ......................................................................... 35 to 115 dBμV;
Power measurement accuracy (C/N>20 dB): ...........................................................±1.2 dB;
Modulation type: .............................................................................QPSK, QAM16, QAM64;
MER measurement range:................................................................................. 14 to 35 dB;
MER measurement accuracy:...................................................................................±2.0 dB;
MER measurement resolution: .................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
BER measurement resolution: .............................................................. 1.0x10-2 to 1.0x10
-10
Minimal channel power for quasi-error-free decoding:............................................ 45 dBμV.
2.4.5. DVB-T2 signal parameters measurement
Operating frequency range: .........................................................................42 to 1002 MHz;
Power measurement range: ......................................................................... 35 to 115 dBμV;
Power measurement accuracy (C/N>20 dB): ...........................................................±1.2 dB;
DVB-T2 standard: ......................................................................................................... 1.3.1;
Modulation type: .............................................................QPSK, QAM16, QAM64, QAM256;
MER measurement range:..................................................................................22 to 35 dB;
MER measurement accuracy:...................................................................................±2.0 dB;
MER measurement resolution: .................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
BER measurement resolution: .............................................................. 1.0x10-2 to 1.0x10
-10
Minimal channel power for quasi-error-free decoding:............................................ 45 dBμV.
;
;
2.4.6. DVB-S/S2 signal parameters measurement
Operating frequency range: .......................................................................950 to 2150 MHz;
Power measurement range: ......................................................................... 45 to 115 dBμV;
Power measurement accuracy (C/N>20 dB): ...........................................................±1.2 dB;
Modulation type: ...............................................................QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK, 32APSK;
Symbol rate:..................................................................................................... 1 to 45 Msps;
DiSEqC standards: ....................................................................... 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2;
«Single Cable Routing» standard: ........................................................................ EN 50494;
MER measurement range:..................................................................................14 to 25 dB;
MER measurement accuracy:...................................................................................±2.0 dB;
MER measurement resolution: .................................................................................. 0.1 dB;
BER measurement resolution: ............................................................... 1.0x10-2 to 1.0x10-9;
Minimal channel power for quasi-error-free decoding:............................................ 45 dBμV.
2.4.7. IPTV signal parameters measurement
Transport protocol:............................................................................................... UDP, RTP;
IP routing type:......................................................................... unicast, multicast (IGMP v2);
TS bitrate: ............................................................................................................... 70 Mbps.
2.4.8. Optical input parameters
Operating wavelength range:.....................................................................1100 to 1650 nm;
Power measurement range: ........................................................................... -20 to +8 dBm;
Operating power level range of optical receiver:.............................................. -9 to +2 dBm;
0 dBm optical power measurement accuracy: ......................................................... ±0.5 dB;
Optical power measurement resolution:.................................................................... 0.1 dB;
Calibration wavelengths of power meter:...................................................... 1310, 1550 nm.
2.4.9. TV video and sound analysis parameters
Video codecs: ................H.264/AVC L4.1 HP, MPEG-2 MP@HL, VC-1 AP L3, AVS PL 6.0;
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Video resolution: .............................................................. 1080i60, 1080p30, 720p60, 576p;
Video aspects ratio: ................................................................................................ 16:9, 4:3;
Audio codecs: ................................................................................... MPEG1 L1/2, HE-AAC.
2.4.10. Transport stream analysis parameters
TS analysis: ........................in accordance with TR101290 standard (except 3.3, 3.9, 3.10);
TS bitrate: ............................................................................................................... 80 Mbps.
2.4.11. Transport stream recording parameters
File format:....................................................................................................................... TS;
Target drive:..............................................................................................internal drive only;
TS bitrate: ............................................................................................................... 60 Mbps;
Recording time:.......................................................................................................... 10 min;
2.4.12. Inputs and interfaces
RF Input connector: ........................................................................................... 75Ω F-male;
Maximum RF signal power: ................................................................................... +20 dBm;
Maximum input voltage (DC to 100Hz): ................................................................90 V peak;
RF input return loss, not less than: ............................................................................. 14 dB;
Optical connector type: ...................................... replaceable, FC or SC, single mode 9/125;
Maximum input power:........................................................................................... +10 dBm;
USB interface:................................................................... USB2.0 host and USB2.0 device;
LAN interface: ................................................................................. Ethernet RJ45 10/100M;
CAM module connector: .........................................................................................PCMCIA;
Powering connector: ............................................................................... DJK-02B (5.5x2.5).
2.4.13. General specifications
Display: ..............................................................................................4.3” TFT, 480x272 pix;
Remote powering supply voltage:................................................................5,12,13,18,24 V;
Output remote powering: .............................................................................................. 5 W;
Analyzer can be powered by:
- AC circuit with 100 to 242 V via 12V/3.3A charger;
- external 12±0.6 V DC source;
- internal Li-Ion 7.4V 4000mAh battery.
Battery life time: .............................................................................................................. 4 h;
Warm-up time: ............................................................................................................. 2 min;
Dimensions:
- analyzer: .................................................................................................. 245x150x65 mm;
- package: ................................................................................................ 425х325х135 mm;
Weight:
- analyzer: ................................................................................................................... 1.5 kg;
- in package: ............................................................................................................... 3.4 kg.
2.5. IT-100 Range of Application
The IT-100 Analyzer is designed to ensure high-performance control and adjustment
of television and broadcasting distribution networks, as well as of separate components of
such networks, or other electronic devices. The Analyzer allows for measurement of TV
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signal level, DVB-C/T/T2/S/S2 and ITU-T J.83 annex A,B,C digital and analog signal
parameters. It also enables measurements of optical signal power and fiber-optic cable
network parameters.
The Analyzer can be used both in laboratory, powered by an external power source,
and in field, powered by batteries.
2.6. Design and Operation Overview
2.6.1. Principle of Operation
The IT-100 Multisystem TV Analyzer is basically a TV signal receiver demodulating
signal to MPEG transport stream. If the transport stream is encrypted, it is restored by a
CAM-module and decoded into TV picture and sound. The input tuner is a doubleconversion superheterodyne receiver with manual and automatic frequency adjustment.
Modulation error ratio MER and constellation diagram are measured during demodulation
of quadrature signal based on vector analysis. Bit error ratio BER in digital transport
stream is measured by means of analysis of operation of noise immune convolutional
codecs. Radio signal measurement is performed by means of conversion of analog RF
signal into digital sequence using ADC and its further processing using signal processor
based on discrete Fourier transformation. The principle of operation of spectrum analyzer
is based on serial or parallel method of analysis with spectrum indication on display.
The resulting image is displayed on LCD in the measurement mode of digital and
analog TV signals reception quality parameters and is basically numerical values and
graphical representation of measured digital parameters (modulation error ratio and bit
error ratio). The constellation diagram mode features vector structure of quadrature
components of demodulated signal with digital modulation in the phase plane. The
spectrum analyzer mode displays the tested signal amplitude to frequency dependence
chart. The TV channel radio signal level measurement mode displays numeric value of
signal level, video carrier to audio carrier level ratio and carrier to noise ratio in the
distribution channel for analog channels or signal power in the channel band for digital
modulation signals.
2.6.2. Component Arrangement
The IT-100 Analyzer is implemented in plastic shockproof sectional housing with
rubber-coated protective elements and includes printed and three-dimensional wiring.
The front panel of the Analyzer consists of a keypad, a graphical display and battery
charge and external power source status indicators (figure
2.2). A loudspeaker (1) and a
fold-out support (2) are located on the rear panel (figure 2.3) of the Analyzer.
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Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3
1) functional keys enable the commands shown on the screen of the Analyzer.
2) alphanumeric keys.
3) the Shift key enables selection of an alternative set of functional keys and
additional functions of alphanumeric keys indicated by yellow icons.
4) remote feeding power source status indicator.
Indicator External power source status
(No light)
(Green light)
Power source is off.
Power source is on. The input connector voltage is normal.
Power source failure. The input connector voltage is outside
(Red light)
the predefined limits.
5) battery charge indicator.
Indicator Battery charge status
(No light)
(Yellow light)
(Green light)
(Red light)
No power from the charger.
The battery is charging.
The battery is charged.
Battery failure.
6) navigation keys.
− « », « », «◄» and «►» keys are used to move the cursor on the LCD
screen;
− «ENTER» is used to confirm the current command entry;
− «EXIT» is used to cancel the current command or return to a previous menu
level.
7) the « » key switches the Analyzer on/off.
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The lower panel (figure 2.4) has a cover under which the communication ports for
connecting the Analyzer with the external devices and the external power source
connector are located. Below are air gates.
Do not close the air gates during the Analyzer operation. This may cause the
Analyzer overheating!
The upper panel (figure
2.5) includes the input RF connector and optical connector.
Figure 2.4
Figure 2.5
The right panel (figure 2.6) has the CAM module compartment cover fixed by two
captive screws.
Figure 2.6
The CAM module port and eject button are inside the compartment (figure
2.7). In
order to install or remove the CAM module, unscrew the captive screws using the
screwdriver included in the package. The right screw should be unscrewed completely to
allow the compartment cover rotate freely on the left screw, which should be unscrewed by
half the first. The CAM module should be installed face (surface A) down to the
bottom of the Analyzer.
To remove the module, press the eject button.
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Figure 2.7
3. PREPARATION FOR OPERATION
Perform external examination to make sure your IT-100 is free from any visible
mechanical damage.
Upon receipt of the package, check the availability of the items contained in it against
the list provided (see section 2.3).
If your IT-100 has been kept in the environment other than the rated operating
conditions, leave the Analyzer in facilities with normal operating conditions at least for 2
hours prior to operation.
4. OPERATION PROCEDURE
4.1. Operation starting
Before you start to operate your IT-100 make sure to carefully read this Operating
Manual as well as to inspect the location of the controls and indicators of the Analyzer
(section 2.6.2).
To prepare your Analyzer for operation from an external power source, connect the
Charger to the connector located on the bottom of the Analyzer and then to the power
source. Push and hold the «
» key until the LCD backlight turns on.
To prepare your IT-100 for operation in stand-alone mode, powered by batteries,
push and hold the «
» key until the LCD backlight turns on.
The following message (figure 4.1) will appear on the screen, when firmware is
started up.
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Figure 4.1
The screen displays name and type of the Analyzer. In approximately one second,
the Analyzer will open the main mode selection menu – Main Menu (figure 4.2) or the last
previously operated mode before the power was switched off (section 4.10.3).
4.2. Controls and Indicators
The location of controls, indicators and connectors is described in section 2.6.2.
To select an alternative function of a key, press the «Shift» key once. An alternative
function for switching between the measurements modes will appear in the field of
functional keys. The Analyzer will return to the basic functional keys layout after you press
any key.
To select a “hot key”, press the «Shift» key and one of the alphanumeric keys with
additional functions simultaneously:
Key Icon Function
7
8
.space
0
Battery service mode (section 4.13)
Screenshot saving to file (section
4.11)
Remote feeding power supply control (section 4.3.1.5)
Volume adjustment (sections 4.7.2, 4.7.3)
The Analyzer features interactive operating mode selection menu, which is basically
a set of graphical pictures (icons) on the LCD screen, each of which corresponds to a
certain mode. The selection menu is shown in figure
4.2.
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Figure 4.2
The menu introduces four tabs (pages) of icons: the page of terrestrial TV
measurement icons , the page of satellite TV measurement icons , the page of
IPTV measurement icons and the page of setting icons which are switched
using the «◄» and «►» keys. To select a mode, set its icon in the bottom screen line. The
mode names will appear on functional keys. Use the corresponding functional key to select
the mode. Press «EXIT» to go back to the selection menu.
4.3. Terrestrial TV Channels Measurement Procedure
4.3.1. General Data
4.3.1.1. Measurement modes and switches among them
The Analyzer features three basic and several additional measurement modes:
1) Channel parameters measurement in the Channel mode.
Additional modes for analog channels:
− video and sound control (Video);
− second-order and third-order distortion measurement in the cable network
(CSO/CTB);
− measurement of unwanted modulation (HUM);
− reception quality parameters monitoring (Statistics).
Additional modes for digital channels:
− video and sound control (Video);
− transport stream analysis (MPEG Analyzer);
− transport stream recording (MPEG Recorder);
− reception quality parameters monitoring (Statistics);
− DVB-T/T2 echo diagram (Echo Diagram);
− DVB-C and J.83-B/C demodulator equalizer parameters measuring
(Equalizer).
2) All channels level measurement in the Full Scan mode.
Additional modes:
− channel flatness measurement in absolute and relative terms;
− channel tilt measurement in absolute and relative terms.
3) Signal spectrum measurement in the Spectrum mode.
In the Main Menu (figure 4.2), use the « » and « » buttons to set the desired
measurement mode icon in the bottom line of the screen. The following icons correspond
to measurement modes:
16
Channel Scan Spectrum
Click on one of the functional keys with the desired icon to select the measurement
mode. Press «EXIT» to return to the selection menu.
On the functional keys panel, «F1» is used to open the setting menu, and «F2» to
«F6» are used to set up the current mode. Press the «Shift» key to display the functional
keys which enable quick switching between measurement modes.
4.3.1.2. Screen view in measurement modes
The screen view in all measurement modes has common elements and settings, as
shown in figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3
The spaces are aimed to display the following information:
1) Current mode name;
2) Modes and settings icons;
3) RF input or output voltage value;
4) Optical power value in case optical input is selected;
5) Battery charge status and remaining time;
6) Current mode parameters and measuring channel parameters;
7) Automatic limit plan test results;
8) Selected channel name;
9) Selected channel number.
Modes and settings icons are the following:
LNB power 22 kHz modulation mode
Conditional access module (CAM) found
Device connected to PC via USB port
Selected channel synchronization indicator
Selected input indicator: RF (radio frequency) or OP (optical).
4.3.1.3. Navigation
Channel or frequency navigation (depending on the Setting parameter value and the
selected mode) is carried out by the «◄» and «►» keys or alphanumeric keys. To select a
special channel, start its entry with the «.space» key. Press «ENTER» after you complete
17
the number entry. If the channel number entered is incorrect, the previous channel number
will be displayed.
If you use the «◄» and «►» keys in the selected channel plan operating mode
(section
4.3.12.1), tuning will be performed by channels from the plan. Direct entry of the
channel number allows tuning to any channel. If such channel is not listed in the channel
plan, only its number will be displayed on the screen. Channel tuning and numbering is
carried out in accordance with the selected channel allocation standard (channel template)
(section 4.10.2).
4.3.1.4. Checking According to Limit Plan
In the Channel measurement mode the measured parameters are checked for
compliance with the selected limit plan. The green indicator is displayed on the
screen if the parameter values are within the set limits. Otherwise the red indicator is
displayed. Values of measured parameters which are outside the set limits are highlighted
in red. The measured channels outside the channel plan are not checked.
Note. The «Default» limit plan is used by default.
4.3.1.5. Remote feeding power supply
To power external devices, such as, for example, antenna amplifiers, the IT-100
analyzer is equipped with a controlled remote power source. Power from the source feeds
the RF input connector. To set the voltage value, as well as to turn the source on or off, it
is necessary to call the source control mode. To call the mode, press the «Shift» button
and then, without releasing it, press the « / .space» button. The control mode window
will appear on the screen as shown in figure 4.4:
Figure 4.4
The source control mode is only called from one of the measurement modes. To set
the voltage value from the 5V, 12V or 24V series, use the «◄» , «►» or «F3 / ◄» , «F4 /
►» buttons. Voltage change is only possible when the source is turned off. To turn the
source on/off, press the «F1 / Enable/Disable» button. If the source is switched on, the
current power and current values are displayed in the mode window. If the values are
within acceptable limits, then the background color is green. The green color of the LED on
the front panel of the analyzer duplicates the indication of the power supply to the input
connector. In case of a source failure error detection (there is power on the input of the
analyzer, the power is out of tolerance or the current exceeds the allowable value), the
panel color of the power or current value becomes red, which is also duplicated by the red
light of the LED.
18
If the source is switched off, the value of the voltage that is fed to the input of the
device is displayed in the window. The nature of the voltage is also displayed. The direct
voltage is accompanied by the abbreviation VDC, alternating voltage by the abbreviation
VAC.
To exit the mode, press the «F6 / Close» or «EXIT» button.
4.3.2. Operating Modes Settings
Parameters setting program is intended for setting the device operation parameters
in the terrestrial TV broadcasting mode. The
icon in the terrestrial TV folder
corresponds to this mode. The parameters setting screen view is shown in figure 4.5:
Figure 4.5
The table includes the following editable parameters:
1) Input signal source. Selection of radio frequency (RF) or optical
input (OP).
2) Test point compensation. Enabling signal level correction during
measurement at test point.
3) Test point attenuation. Test point signal attenuation value.
4) Optical signal wavelength. Selection of optical signal wavelength.
5) Channel template. Selection of TV system.
6) Level units. Selection of signal level measurement units.
7) HUM power grid. Setting the power grid frequency value for HUM
modulation measurement.
8) Output measurement results via USB. Enabling measurement results output
via USB interface (section 4.14).
4.3.3. TV Channel Parameters Measurement in Channel Mode
The Channel mode allows displaying level and other reception quality parameters of
TV channel. View of the mode and functionality set depends on the measured channel
type (analog or digital).
4.3.3.1. Analog channel measurement
The screen view and information displayed for analog channel parameters
measurement option are shown in figure 4.6.
19
Figure 4.6
The following parameters are displayed on the screen: video carrier frequency and
frequency offset (CR), measured level (VID), as well as reception quality parameters, such
as video to audio ratio (V/A1, V/A2), audio carrier frequency offset, carrier to noise ratio
(C/N) and carrier to noise margin (MARGIN). UPTIME parameter shows elapsed time
since TV channel was locked. In case a parameter value is outside the limits of selected
limit plan (section 4.3.13), it is indicated with red background.
Level and carrier to noise ratio values are indicated in graphical form in left part of the
screen. The bar height indicate current parameter value, and markers indicate minimal and
maximal parameter value achieved.
Channel selecting is performed with the «◄» and «►» key pressing. When pressed
with «Shift» holding, channel is changed with bigger step. Channel can also be selected
by typing its number with alphanumeric keyboard.
When a channel is selected, the Meter will automatically detect the standard and
modulation parameters. It is recommended to use channel plan (section 4.3.12) in order to
make synchronization faster.
To set up the mode, press «F1 / Settings». The following parameters are available
for editing in the dropdown menu:
1) Ref. level. Selection of reference level value. Possible values are 50 to 120 dBuV
and Auto. The setting resolution is 10 dB. The parameter sets up the maximum
possible measured signal level;
2) Level scale. Setting level histogram division value: 2, 5, 10 or 20 dB;
3) Averaging. Selection of measured parameters averaging factor: Off, Low,
Medium, High;
4) Sound indication. Selecting the parameter value sound indication type: off –
switched off, Tone – sound frequency is proportional to parameter value, Pulse –
pulse repetition rate is proportional to parameter value;
5) Indicate parameter. Selecting the parameter to indicate its value with sound:
level – channel power, MER or C/N – MER or C/N value.
Press «F3 / Mode» to get access to additional measurement modes. The following
modes are available in the dropdown menu:
1) HUM. Undesirable modulation measurement mode (section 4.3.8);
2) CSO&CTB. Composite Second Order and Composite Triple Beat measurement in
cable network (section 4.3.9);
3) Statistics. Channel reception quality monitoring (section 4.3.10).
Press F4 / Video to enter TV Video and Sound analysis operating mode. Press F5 /
Info to see channel modulation parameters. Press F6 / Reset to clear all the measurement
results and restart measuring.
20
4.3.3.2. Digital channel measurement
Digital modulation channels feature measurements of actual channel power level in
the channel allocation bandwidth and TV channel reception quality parameters in numeric
form and in the form of vertical bars (figure 4.7).
Figure 4.7
The following data is displayed on the screen: tuning frequency and frequency offset
(CR), actual channel power level in the channel allocation bandwidth (P) and measured
reception quality parameters, such as modulation error ratio (MER), MER margin to quasi
error-free reception threshold (MARGIN), uncorrected MPEG packets rate and quantity on
demodulator output (PER/CNT). The following parameters of decoders are measured for
different standards:
1) DVB-C and J.83-B/C. Bit error rate before Reed Solomon decoder (CBER);
2) DVB-T. Bit error rate before Viterbi decoder (CBER) and after Viterbi decoder
(VBER);
3) DVB-T2. Bit error rate before LDPC decoder (CBER) and after LDPC decoder
(LBER).
UPTIME parameter shows elapsed time since TV channel was locked. In case a
parameter value is outside the limits of selected limit plan (section 4.3.13), it is indicated
with red background.
Level value and MER values are indicated in graphical form in left part of the screen.
The bar height indicate current parameter value, and markers indicate minimal and
maximal parameter value achieved.
Channel selecting is performed with the «◄» and «►» key pressing. When pressed
with «Shift» holding, channel is changed with bigger step. Channel can also be selected
by typing its number with alphanumeric keyboard.
When a channel is selected, the Meter will automatically detect the standard and
modulation parameters. It is recommended to use channel plan (section
4.3.12) in order to
make synchronization faster.
To set up the mode, press «F1 / Settings». The following parameters are available
for editing in the dropdown menu:
1) Ref. level. Selection of reference level value. Possible values are 50 to 120 dBuV
and Auto. The setting resolution is 10 dB. The parameter sets up the maximum
possible measured signal level;
2) Level scale. Setting level histogram division value: 2, 5, 10 or 20 dB;
3) Averaging. Selection of measured parameters averaging factor: Off, Low,
Medium, High;
4) Sound indication. Selecting the parameter value sound indication type: off –
switched off, Tone – sound frequency is proportional to parameter value, Pulse –
pulse repetition rate is proportional to parameter value;
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5) Indicate parameter. Selecting the parameter to indicate its value with sound:
level – channel power, MER or C/N – MER or C/N value;
6) View. Graphical data representation type: Histogram – Level and MER values in
form of a graph, Constellation – constellation diagram;
7) Zoom. Constellation diagram zoom mode: x1 or x4;
8) PLP. Selecting PLP stream for DVB-T2 channel;
9) Profile. Selecting stream for DVB-T channel: HP – high priority stream, LP – low
priority stream.
To get access to additional measurement modes, press the «F3 / Mode» key. The
following functions are available in the dropdown menu:
1) MPEG Analyzer. MPEG transport stream analyzing (section
4.6);
2) MPEG Recorder. MPEG transport stream recording to file (section 4.8);
3) Statistics. Channel reception quality monitoring (section 4.3.10);
4) Echo Diagram. DVB-T/T2 channels echo diagram measurement (section
4.3.6);
5) Equalizer. Equalizer parameters measuring for DVB-C and J.83-B/C channel
(section
4.3.7).
Press F4 / Video to enter TV Video and Sound analysis operating mode. Press F5 /
Info to see channel modulation parameters. Press F6 / Reset to clear all the measurement
results and restart measuring.
4.3.4. Signal Spectrum Measurement in Spectrum Mode
The radio signal spectrum is displayed on the screen in this mode. The screen view
and the information displayed are shown in figure 4.8:
Figure 4.8
The following is displayed on the screen: two markers, frequency shift between
markers dF and difference in measured levels dL. The markers position on the screen is
set up by the «◄» and «►» keys if the «F3» key represents the Marker. The marker color
available for position setting is shown on the «F2» key, by pressing which a different
marker can be chosen. If the «F3» key represents Center, then the screen view can be
moved by the «◄» and «►» keys to the respective side.
To set up the spectrum analyzer modes, press «F1 / Settings». The following
parameters are available for editing in the dropdown menu.
1) Ref.level. Selection of reference level value. Possible values are 50
to 120dBuV and Auto. The setting resolution is 10 dB.
The parameter sets up the maximum possible measured
signal level.
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2) Level offset. Possible values are Manual and Auto. In the Auto mode
the amplitude scale position is set automatically. In
Manual mode the scale position can be set manually by
pressing the «
» and « » keys.
3) Scale. Setting amplitude scale range values: 5dB or 10dB.
4) Averaging. Selecting averaging degree for measured values. Possible
values: Off, Low, Medium, High.
5) Detector. Selecting measuring detector type: Peak or RMS. Peak
(Peak) detector is used to measure level of TV signals
with analog modulation. Root-mean-square (RMS)
detector is used to measure broadband signals or to
search noise.
6) Hold. Enabling additional signal level trace. Possible values: Off,
Min, Max. When the additional trace is enabled, the
Analyzer screen displays the second signal line showing
minimum and maximum values obtained during scanning.
To reset the trace, press the «F6 / Reset» key.
7) Scan mode. Scanning mode. Possible values: Single, Quick, Precise.
In the Single sweep mode a single scanning is carried out
by pressing the «ENTER» key. The Quick continuous
scanning mode enables the quickest scanning by
decreasing the level measurement accuracy. The Precise
scanning mode allows for maximum accuracy of signal
level measurements.
8) Span. Frequency scanning span. Possible span values and
corresponding measuring filter bandwidth values are given
in the table below.
Span, MHz 10 20 50 100 200 400 800
Full,
1200
Filter bandwidth, kHz 50 250 250 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
9) Tuning. Central frequency position setup mode. The Freq.
value selects the central frequency position tuning by
frequency. Position tuning by frequency is carried out by
entering the numeric value from the keypad. The Chann.
value selects the position tuning by channel number.
Alphanumeric keys are used enter channel number or frequency directly. Enter the
frequency value in MHz or the channel number and press «ENTER». After you press
«ENTER» the selected channel or frequency value are set in the center of the screen.
The set mode parameters are indicated on the upper panel of the display screen.
4.3.5. TV Channel Parameters Measurement in Full Scan Mode
The Full Scan mode is used for measurements of channel levels in full frequency
span. There are five screen views in this mode:
1) Full Scan. Full Scan Channel level measurement.
2) Limit. Measurement of channel level flatness.
3) Limit rel. Measurement of channel flatness in relative terms.
4) Tilt. Tilt measurement at channel level tuning.
5) Tilt rel. Tilt measurement at channel level tuning in relative terms.
23
The screen view can be selected by pressing «F2 / View».
In the Full Scan mode TV radio signal levels are displayed in the form of vertical
bars. The screen view is shown in figure
4.9:
Figure 4.9
Analog channels are indicated by the yellow color, and digital – by blue. The tuning
frequency and channel level values, which are marked by the marker, are displayed under
the channel level chart. The marker position can be changed by the «◄» and «►» keys.
To designate the marker position directly type in the channel number using the
alphanumeric keys and press «ENTER».
To set up the spectrum analyzer mode, press the «F1 / Settings» key. The following
parameters will be available for editing in the dropdown menu.
1) Ref.level. Selection of reference level value. Possible values are 50
to 120dBuV and Auto. The setting resolution is 10 dB.
The parameter sets up the maximum possible measured
signal level.
2) Level offset. Possible values: Possible values are Manual and Auto. In
the Auto mode the amplitude scale position is set
automatically. In Manual mode the scale position can be
set manually by pressing the «
» and « » keys.
3) Scale. Setting amplitude scale range values: 2dB, 5dB or 10dB.
4) Averaging. Selecting averaging degree for measured values. Possible
values: Off, Medium, High.
The screen view in the Limit mode is shown in figure 4.10.
Figure 4.10
24
In the Limit mode the scope of permissible values of channel level is displayed
additionally. The reference level and flatness are set up in the dropdown menu which is
activated by the «F3 / Limits» key. The deviation from the reference level is indicated on
the screen along with the channel level at which the marker is set up. The difference
between analog and digital channels indicated in the corresponding limit plan is displayed
as A-D.
The screen view in the Limit rel. mode is shown in figure
4.11.
Figure 4.11
The level difference between measured and reference level is indicated on the
screen. The digital channel levels are additionally compensated using the A-D value.
The screen view in the Tilt mode is shown in figure 4.12.
Figure 4.12
In the Tilt mode the tilt line between two selected reference channels is indicated on
the screen. The reference channels location is set up in the dropdown menu, which is
activated by pressing the «F3 / Marker» key. If a channel marked by the cursor is located
between the markers, then the difference between the marked channel level and the tilt
line will be indicated. The positive value means that the channel level is higher than the tilt
line, and the negative value means that the channel level is lower than the tilt line. General
tilt value between reference channels is indicated as TILT.
The screen view in the Tilt rel. mode is shown in figure 4.13.
25
Figure 4.13
The difference levels between the measured values and the tilt line are displayed on
the screen. The digital channel levels are additionally compensated using the A-D value.
4.3.6. TV channels parameters measurement in Echo Diagram mode
The echo diagram deal with displaying DVB-T or DVB-T2 channel impulse response
diagram, as well as basic reception quality parameters. The screen view and the data
displayed are presented in Fig. 4.14:
Figure 4.14
Echo diagram features the bar graph of signal amplitudes which arrive with delay
after the main signal (of peak amplitude). Signal amplitude is measured in reference to the
main signal amplitude in dB, while the main signal amplitude is assumed to be equal to 0
dB. The delay value can then be negative, i.e. the echo signal arrives to the signal
reception point before the main signal. This is true if there reflected signal amplitude is
higher than that of the main signal (for example, when the signal arrives from the
transmission antenna and retransmitter).
The echo diagram is intended for high precision positioning of the reception antenna.
The main quality criteria for the selection of signal arrival direction is minimum echo signal
level, especially outside the guard interval limits. The positioning procedure requires
controlling basic reception quality parameters, such as level, MER and BER.
To change the cursor position, use the ◄ and ► keys. Press one of these keys along
with the Shift key to move the cursor by several positions. By pressing the F3 / ◄Max and
F4 / Max► key, the cursor will shift through echo signals with maximum amplitude values.
The echo signal delay and amplitude in the marker position are indicated under the
diagram.
The echo diagram updating is indicated by the • marker in the upper right corner of
the diagram. To make the echo signal analysis easier, the table of maximum amplitude
26
signals (up to 8 signals) is shown on the screen. The echo signals are arranged in the
descending order of amplitude.
To change the measurement parameters, press the F1 / Settings key. The following
settings will be listed in the dropdown menu:
1) Zone. Selecting the echo signal delay range indicated on the diagram: Full-echo
– the full delay range supported by the Analyzer, Pre-echo – the negative delay
range, Post-echo – the positive delay range, Near-echo – the range close to the
main signal;
2) Resolution. The delay resolution of echo diagram measurement: Normal – fast
echo diagram measurement with rough delay estimation, High – slow echo
diagram measurement with precise delay estimation;
3) Units. The delay measurement unit: Distance – additional distance traveled by
echo signal in reference to main signal in km or miles (depending on regional
settings), Delay – echo signal arrival time in reference to main signal.
4.3.7. Equalizer parameters measurement of DVB-C and J.38-B/C channels
This mode allows displaying the parameters of signal demodulator equalizer, as well
as the common quality parameters of DVB-C and J.83-B/C channels reception. The
screen view and the data displayed are presented in Fig.
4.15:
Figure 4.15
The equalizer is intended for correcting the amplitude and phase response of the
received signal, thus enabling higher quality of reception in presence of distortion. That is
why the equalizer parameters analysis allows estimating the signal correction level in
terms of quality and quantity, and thus determining its distortion.
The equalizer parameters are presented graphically. The following display modes are
available for selection from the drop down menu by pressing the F2 / View key:
1) Equalizer taps. This mode allows viewing the gain values diagram for each of the
equalizer taps. The values are shown in dB in reference to the central tap having
the gain value of 0 dB. Each equalizer tap enables the signal delay equal to time,
which is a multiple of symbol duration. When receiving the ideal signal, all of the
equalizer taps energy is concentrated in three to five taps to the left and to the
right of the central tap. In case of distortion, the energy is distributed to the larger
number of taps. A peak value at one or several taps is the evidence of the
reflected signal arrival. Gain value and tap signal delay in the cursor position are
indicated in the bottom part of the screen. If you select the Distance
measurement unit from the F1 / Settings dropdown menu, the screen view will
display the distance
1
from the signal source to obstacle at the boundary of which
the signal was reflected instead of delay. Each of the tap bars has a marker of
1
For distance calculation, relative signal propagation rate in cable is assumed to be equal to 0.87
27
maximum permissible tap gain value according to ETSI TR 101290. The ECHO
MARGIN column displays the worst-case difference between the permissible
value and the value measured at all taps, i.e. this value indicates the noise margin
of reflected signals level;
2) Freq. Response. This mode displays the amplitude to frequency response of the
channel calculated from the equalizer impulse response characteristic. Frequency
offset in reference to the channel center and the response level in dB in the cursor
position are indicated in the bottom of the screen. Response flatness in dB is
indicated in the FLATNESS column;
3) Group delay. This mode allows viewing channel group delay, calculated from the
equalizer impulse response. Frequency offset in reference to the channel center
and delay value in ns in the cursor position are indicated in the bottom of the
screen. Response flatness in ns is indicated in the FLATNESS column.
4.3.8. Measurement of analog channel undesirable modulation (HUM)
This mode allows viewing relative level bar graph of harmonic component of analog
channels undesirable modulation, as well as total relative level of undesirable modulation
in the channel frequency band. The screen view and the data displayed are presented in
Fig.
4.16.
Figure 4.16
The relative level value of undesirable modulation is measured using the following
formula:
HUM[%] = ( Lmax – Lmin ) * 100 / Lch, where
Lmax – maximum level of parasitic component in the measurement interval,
Lmin – minimum level of parasitic component in the measurement interval,
Lch – average carrier level value in the measurement interval.
Measurement results analysis of undesirable modulation level of separate harmonic
component enables qualitative evaluation of the nature of distribution network problem.
High value of fundamental harmonic (50 or 60 Hz) usually indicates the problem with
power sources of signal generation and distribution equipment. High value of second
harmonic (100 or 120 Hz) indicates the problem with the equipment grounding circuit,
which is the reason of parasitic signal rectification.
Total relative level of undesirable modulation in the channel frequency band enables
numerical determination of the video and sound quality. It is indicated in the HUM
parameter line to the right from the bar graph.
The power grid frequency is selected in the terrestrial TV channels setting mode
(section
4.3.2).
28
4.3.9. Measurement of Second-order and Triple-beat intermodulation (CSO/CTB)
This mode enables graphical and textual presentation of measurement results of
second and third order distortion for analog TV channel. The screen view and the data
displayed are presented in fig. 4.17.
Figure 4.17
Relative levels of second-order distortion (CSO) and third-order distortion (CTB) are
indicated on the left-side bar graph. The measurement is carried out in reference to the
channel carrier level. The table to the right from the bar graph indicates the following data:
1) VID. Level and frequency of channel carrier;
2) CSO. Relative level of second-order distortion and the frequency at which
distortion was measured. The Analyzer automatically calculates frequencies of
second-order harmonic components occupying the channel and indicates the
measurement results for the highest level harmonic component. Frequency of
harmonic components occupying the channel is calculated using the cross
products of channel frequencies from channel plan or TV system, if channel plan
is not used;
3) CTB. Relative level of third-order distortion and frequency at which distortion was
measured. The measurement is carried out at the channel carrier frequency.
The dropdown menu of the F1 / Settings key enables selection of the following
measurement modes:
1) In-Service. The measurement is carried out during channel broadcasting. In this
mode the Analyzer synchronizes with the analog channel and measures CSO
harmonic components in the course of “black” lines, i.e. the measurement can be
carried out only in case of synchronization with the channel. CTB cannot be
measured in this mode, because this measurement is carried out at the channel
carrier frequency;
2) Out-Service. The measurement is carried out when the channel is switched off
(carrier must not be available). This mode enables CSO and CTB measurement in
the disabled channel frequency band. As the channel is not available, the
measurement in carried out in reference to the nearest analog channel. If the
channel plan is not used, the Analyzer determines channel type according to the
selected TV system.
4.3.10. Channel reception quality monitoring
This mode allows displaying timing diagram of analog or digital channel reception
quality parameters in the given time interval. The screen view and the data displayed are
presented in fig. 4.18.
29
Figure 4.18
Depending on the type of the measured channel, the Analyzer enables monitoring of
the following quality parameters:
Channel type
Level C/N MER BER
Measured parameter
Analog + +
Digital (DVB or J.83-B/C) + + +
Digital (unknown modulation) + +
FM-radio +
Pilot signal + +
Each parameter diagram includes 300 time intervals. Depending on the user-defined
measurement duration, each time interval equals to:
Measurement
duration
Time interval,
sec
5 min 10 min 30 min 1 h 2 h 6 h 12 h 24 h 48 h 72 h
1 2 6 12 24 72 144 288 576 864
Each time interval accumulates minimum and maximum values of quality parameter,
as well as errored seconds count:
1) ES. Indicates the number of seconds during which errors were detected:
− DVB or J.83-B/C Channel. At least one errored MPEG packet or
synchronization loss is detected during the second;
− Analog Channel. Minimum signal-to-noise ratio below 43 dB or
synchronization loss is detected during the second;
2) SES. Indicates the number of seconds during which severe errors were detected:
− DVB or J.83-B/C Channel. Over 5% of errored MPEG packets or
synchronization loss is detected during the second;
− Analog Channel. Synchronization loss is detected during the second;
3) UAT. Indicates the number of seconds during which channel synchronization was
lost.
The measurement mode can be set up in the dropdown menu accessed by pressing
the F1 / Settings key:
1) Duration. Signal measurement duration: 5 min, 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12
h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h;
2) Beeping on SES. Switching sound indication of severe error (SES) detection: Off,
On;
3) Autosave. Switching automatic measurement results saving to a file upon
measurement completion: Off, On.
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