Pismolabs Technology P1MBX User Manual

Pepwave MAX HD4 MBX User Manual

Pepwave Products: MAX HD4 MBX / MBX / HD4 MBX / MAX-HD4-MBX-LTEA-R-T / EXM-T4-LTEA-R

Pepwave Firmware 7.1.1 February 2019

Specifications are subject to change without notice. Copyright © 2019 Pepwave Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Pepwave and the Pepwave logo are trademarks of Pepwave Ltd. Other brands or products mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

Table of Contents

Introduction and Scope 7

Glossary 8

Product Features 9

Supported Network Features 9

WAN 9 LAN 10 VPN 10 Firewall 10 Captive Portal 11 Outbound Policy 11 AP Controller 11 QoS 11

Other Supported Features 11

Pepwave MAX Mobile Router Overview 13

MAX HD4 MBX 13

Advanced Feature Summary 16

Drop-in Mode and LAN Bypass: Transparent Deployment 16 QoS: Clearer VoIP 16 Per-User Bandwidth Control 17 High Availability via VRRP 17 USB Modem and Android Tethering 18 Built-In Remote User VPN Support 19 SIM-card USSD support 19

Installation 21

Preparation 21 Constructing the Network 21 Configuring the Network Environment 22

Connecting to the Web Admin Interface 23

Configuring the LAN Interface(s) 25

Basic Settings 25

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Port Settings 36 Captive Portal 36

Configuring the WAN Interface(s) 39

Ethernet WAN 40

DHCP Connection 42 Static IP Connection 43 PPPoE Connection 44

L2TP Connection 46 Cellular WAN 47 Wi-Fi WAN 53

Creating Wi-Fi Connection Profiles 60 WAN Health Check 62 Dynamic DNS Settings 64

Advanced Wi-Fi Settings 66

MediaFast Configuration 71

Setting Up MediaFast Content Caching 71 Scheduling Content Prefetching 72 Viewing MediaFast Statistics 73

Bandwidth Bonding SpeedFusionTM / PepVPN 75

PepVPN 75 The Pepwave Router Behind a NAT Router 82 SpeedFusionTM Status 83

IPsec VPN 83

IPsec VPN Settings 84

Outbound Policy Management 88

Outbound Policy 89 Custom Rules for Outbound Policy 90

Algorithm: Weighted Balance 90

Algorithm: Persistence 91

Algorithm: Enforced 93

Algorithm: Priority 93

Algorithm: Overflow 94

Algorithm: Least Used 94

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Algorithm: Lowest Latency 94

Expert Mode 95

Inbound Access 95

Port Forwarding Service 95

UPnP / NAT-PMP Settings 98

NAT Mappings 98

QoS 100

User Groups 100 Bandwidth Control 101 Application 102

Application Prioritization 102

Prioritization for Custom Applications 102

DSL/Cable Optimization 103

Firewall 103

Outbound and Inbound Firewall Rules 104

Access Rules 104

Apply Firewall Rules to PepVpn Traffic 107

Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention 107 Content Blocking 109

Application Blocking 109

Web Blocking 110

Customized Domains 110

Exempted User Groups 110

Exempted Subnets 110

URL Logging 110 OSPF & RIPv2 111 BGP 114

Remote User Access 116

Miscellaneous Settings 118

High Availability 118 PPTP Server 122 Certificate Manager 124 Service Forwarding 124

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SMTP Forwarding 125

Web Proxy Forwarding 126

DNS Forwarding 126

Custom Service Forwarding 126 Service Passthrough 127 GPS Forwarding 128

AP Controller 129

Wireless SSID 129 Settings 134

AP Controller Status 140

Info 140 Access Point (Usage) 142 Wireless SSID 145 Wireless Client 146 Nearby Device 147 Event Log 148

Toolbox 149

System Settings 150

Admin Security 150 Firmware 154 Time 155 Schedule 155 Email Notification 157 Event Log 159 SNMP 160 InControl 163 Configuration 163 Feature Add-ons 164 Reboot 164

Tools 165

Ping 165 Traceroute Test 166 PepVPN Test 166

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Wake-on-LAN 167 CLI (Command Line Interface Support) 167

Status 169

Device 169 Active Sessions 170 Client List 172 WINS Client 173 UPnP / NAT-PMP 173 SpeedFusion Status 174 Event Log 178 Bandwidth Status 179 Real-Time 180 Hourly 180 Daily 181 Monthly 181

Appendix B: Declaration 185

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1 Introduction and Scope

Pepwave routers provide link aggregation and load balancing across multiple WAN connections, allowing a combination of technologies like 3G HSDPA, EVDO, 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, external WiMAX dongle, and satellite to be utilized to connect to the Internet.

This manual covers setting up Pepwave routers and provides an introduction to their features and usage.

Tips

Want to know more about Pepwave routers? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video introduction!

http://youtu.be/UCkVQThLKO4

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2 Glossary

The following terms, acronyms, and abbreviations are frequently used in this manual:

Term Definition

3G 3rd generation standards for wireless communications (e.g., HSDPA)

4G 4th generation standards for wireless communications (e.g., LTE)

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DNS Domain Name System

EVDO Evolution-Data Optimized

FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name

HSDPA High-Speed Downlink Packet Access

HTTP Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol

ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol

IP Internet Protocol

LAN Local Area Network

MAC Address Media Access Control Address

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit

MSS Maximum Segment Size

NAT Network Address Translation

PPPoE Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet

QoS Quality of Service

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

TCP Transmission Control Protocol

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UDP User Datagram Protocol

VPN Virtual Private Network

VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol

WAN Wide Area Network

WINS Windows Internet Name Service

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

3 Product Features

Pepwave routers enable all LAN users to share broadband Internet connections, and they provide advanced features to enhance Internet access. Our MAX HD series wireless routers are embedded with multiple 4G LTE modems, and allow simultaneous wireless Internet connections through multiple wireless networks. The wireless Internet connections can be bonded together using our SpeedFusion technology. This allows better reliability, larger bandwidth, and increased wireless coverage are comparing to use only one 4G LTE modem.

Below is a list of supported features on Pepwave routers. Features vary by model. For more information, please see peplink.com/products.

3.1 Supported Network Features

3.1.1 WAN

● Ethernet WAN connection in full/half duplex

● Static IP support for PPPoE

● Built-in cellular modems

● USB mobile connection(s)

● Wi-Fi WAN connection

● Network address translation (NAT)/port address translation (PAT)

● Inbound and outbound NAT mapping

● IPsec NAT-T and PPTP packet passthrough

● MAC address clone and passthrough

● Customizable MTU and MSS values

● WAN connection health check

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● Dynamic DNS (supported service providers: changeip.com, dyndns.org, no-ip.org, tzo.com and DNS-O-Matic)

● Ping, DNS lookup, and HTTP-based health check

3.1.2 LAN

● Wi-Fi AP

● Ethernet LAN ports

● DHCP server on LAN

● Extended DHCP option support

● Static routing rules

● VLAN on LAN support

3.1.3 VPN

● PepVPN with SpeedFusionTM

● PepVPN performance analyzer

● X.509 certificate support

● VPN load balancing and failover among selected WAN connections

● Bandwidth bonding and failover among selected WAN connections

● IPsec VPN for network-to-network connections (works with Cisco and Juniper only)

● Ability to route Internet traffic to a remote VPN peer

● Optional pre-shared key setting

● SpeedFusion

● PPTP server

● PPTP and IPsec passthrough

throughput, ping, and traceroute tests

3.1.4 Firewall

● Outbound (LAN to WAN) firewall rules

● Inbound (WAN to LAN) firewall rules per WAN connection

● Intrusion detection and prevention

● Specification of NAT mappings

● Outbound firewall rules can be defined by destination domain name

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3.1.5 Captive Portal

● Splash screen of open networks, login page for secure networks

● Customizable built-in captive portal

● Supports linking to outside page for captive portal

3.1.6 Outbound Policy

● Link load distribution per TCP/UDP service

● Persistent routing for specified source and/or destination IP addresses per TCP/UDP service

● Traffic prioritization and DSL optimization

● Prioritize and route traffic to VPN tunnels with Priority and Enforced algorithms

3.1.7 AP Controller

● Configure and manage Pepwave AP devices

● Review the status of connected APs

3.1.8 QoS

● Quality of service for different applications and custom protocols

● User group classification for different service levels

● Bandwidth usage control and monitoring on group- and user-level

● Application prioritization for custom protocols and DSL/cable optimization

3.2 Other Supported Features

● User-friendly web-based administration interface

● HTTP and HTTPS support for web admin interface

● Configurable web administration port and administrator password

● Firmware upgrades, configuration backups, ping, and traceroute via web admin interface

● Remote web-based configuration (via WAN and LAN interfaces)

● Time server synchronization

● SNMP

● Email notification

● Read-only user for web admin

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● Shared IP drop-in mode

● Authentication and accounting by RADIUS server for web admin

● Built-in WINS servers*

● Syslog

● SIP passthrough

● PPTP packet passthrough

● Event log

● Active sessions

● Client list

● WINS client list

● UPnP / NAT-PMP

● Real-time, hourly, daily, and monthly bandwidth usage reports and charts

● IPv6 support

● Support USB tethering on Android 2.2+ phones

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4 Pepwave MAX Mobile Router Overview

4.1 MAX HD4 MBX

4.1.1 Panel Appearance

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4.1.2 LED Indicators The statuses indicated by the front panel LEDs are as follows:

Status Indicators

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OFF System initializing

Red Booting up or busy

Status

Blinking red

Green Ready

Wi-Fi AP and Wi-Fi WAN Indicators

OFF Disabled Intermittent

Boot up error

Wi-Fi WAN /

Cellular 1 /

Cellular 2

Green LED ON 10 / 100 / 1000 Mbps

Orange LED

Port Type Auto MDI/MDI-X ports

Blinking slowly Connecting to wireless network(s)

onnected to wireless network(s) with traffic

Blinking

ON Connected to wireless network(s) without traffic

LAN and Ethernet WAN Ports

Blinking Data is transferring OFF No data is being transferred or port is not connected

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5 Advanced Feature Summary

5.1 Drop-in Mode and LAN Bypass: Transparent Deployment

As your organization grows, it needs more bandwidth. But modifying your network would require effort better spent elsewhere. In Drop-in Mode, you can conveniently install your Peplink router without making any changes to your network. And if the Peplink router loses power for any reason,

LAN Bypass will safely and automatically bypass the Peplink router to resume your original network

connection.

5.2

QoS: Clearer VoIP

VoIP and videoconferencing are highly sensitive to latency. With QoS, Peplink routers can detect

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VoIP traffic and assign it the highest priority, giving you crystal-clear calls.

5.3 Per-User Bandwidth Control

With per-user bandwidth control, you can define bandwidth control policies for up to 3 groups of users to prevent network congestion. Define groups by IP address and subnet, and set bandwidth limits for every user in the group.

5.4 High Availability via VRRP

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When your organization has a corporate requirement demanding the highest availability with no single point of failure, you can deploy two Peplink routers in High Availability mode. With High Availability mode, the second device will take over when needed.

5.5 USB Modem and Android Tethering

For increased WAN diversity, plug in a USB LTE modem as backup. Peplink routers are compatible with over 200 modem types. You can also tether to smartphones running Android

4.1.X and above.

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5.6

Built-In Remote User VPN Support

Use L2TP with IPsec to safely and conveniently connect remote clients to your private network. L2TP with IPsec is supported by most devices, but legacy devices can also connect using PPTP.

Click here for full instructions on setting up L2TP with IPsec.

5.7 SIM-card USSD support

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Cellular-enabled routers can now use USSD to check their SIM card’s balance, process pre-paid cards, and configure carrier-specific services.Click here for full instructions on using USSD.

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A PC Card/ExpressCard for the

6 Installation

The following section details connecting Pepwave routers to your network.

6.1 Preparation

Before installing your Pepwave router, please prepare the following as appropriate for your installation:

● At least one Internet/WAN access account and/or Wi-Fi access information

● Depending on network connection type(s), one or more of the following: ○ Ethernet WAN: A 10/100/1000BaseT UTP cable with RJ45 connector ○ USB: A USB modem ○ Embedded modem: A SIM card for GSM/HSPA service ○ Wi-Fi WAN: Wi-Fi antennas ○ PC Card/Express Card WAN:

corresponding card slot

● A computer installed with the TCP/IP network protocol and a supported web browser.

Supported browsers include Microsoft Internet Explorer 8.0 or above, Mozilla Firefox

10.0 or above, Apple Safari 5.1 or above, and Google Chrome 18 or above.

6.2 Constructing the Network

At a high level, construct the network according to the following steps:

1. With an Ethernet cable, connect a computer to one of the LAN ports on the Pepwave router. Repeat with different cables for up to 4 computers to be connected.

2. With another Ethernet cable or a USB modem/Wi-Fi antenna/PC Card/Express Card, connect to one of the WAN ports on the Pepwave router. Repeat the same procedure for other WAN ports.

3. Connect the power adapter to the power connector on the rear panel of the Pepwave router, and then plug it into a power outlet.

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The following figure schematically illustrates the resulting configuration:

6.3 Configuring the Network Environment

To ensure that the Pepwave router works properly in the LAN environment and can access the Internet via WAN connections, please refer to the following setup procedures:

● LAN configuration For basic configuration, refer to Section 8, Connecting to the Web Admin Interface. For advanced configuration, go to Section 9, Configuring the LAN Interface(s).

● WAN configuration For basic configuration, refer to Section 8, Connecting to the Web Admin Interface. For advanced configuration, go to Section 9.2, Captive Portal.

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7 Connecting to the Web Admin Interface

1. Start a web browser on a computer that is connected with the Pepwave router through the LAN.

2. To connect to the router’s web admin interface, enter the following LAN IP address in the address field of the web browser:

http://192.168.50.1

(This is the default LAN IP address for Pepwave routers.)

3. Enter the following to access the web admin interface.

Username: admin Password: admin

(This is the default username and password for Pepwave routers. The admin and read-only user passwords can be changed at System>Admin Security.)

4. After successful login, the Dashboard will be displayed

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The Dashboard shows current WAN, LAN, and Wi-Fi AP statuses. Here, you can change WAN connection priority and switch on/off the Wi-Fi AP. For further information on setting up these connections, please refer to Sections 8 and 9.

Device Information displays details about the device, including model name, firmware version, and uptime. For further information, please refer to Section 22.

Important Note

Configuration changes (e.g. WAN, LAN, admin settings, etc.) will take effect only after clicking the Save button at the bottom of each page. The Apply Changes button causes the changes to be saved and applied.

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8 Configuring the LAN Interface(s)

8.1 Basic Settings

LAN interface settings are located at Network>LAN>Network Settings. Navigating to that page will result in the following dashboard:

This represents the LAN interfaces that are active on your router (including VLAN). A grey “X” means that the VLAN is used in other settings and cannot be deleted. You can find which settings are using the VLAN by hovering over the grey “X”.

Alternatively, a red “X” means that there are no settings using the VLAN. You can delete that VLAN by clicking the red “X”

Clicking any of the existing LAN interfaces (or creating a new one) will result in the following

IP Settings

IP Address

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The IP address and subnet mask of the Pepwave router on the LAN.

Network Settings

Name

VLAN ID

Inter-VLAN

routing

Captive Portal

Enter a name for the LAN.

Enter a number for your VLAN.

Check this box to enable routing between virtual LANs.

Check this box to turn on captive portals.

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Drop-in Mode Settings

Drop-in mode eases the installation of Peplink routers on a live network between

Enable

the existing firewall and router, such that no configuration changes are required on existing equipment. Check the box to enable the drop-in mode feature, if available on your model.

WAN for Drop-In

Mode

Share Drop-In IP

Shared IP

AddressA

WAN Default

Gateway

WAN DNS Servers

Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

Select the WAN port to be used for drop-in mode. If WAN 1 with LAN Bypass is selected, the high availability feature will be disabled automatically.

When this option is enabled, the passthrough IP address will be used to connect to WAN hosts (email notification, remote syslog, etc.). The Pepwave router will listen for this IP address when WAN hosts access services provided by the Pepwave router (web admin access from the WAN, DNS server requests, etc.).

To connect to hosts on the LAN (email notification, remote syslog, etc.), the default gateway address will be used. The Pepwave router will listen for this IP address when LAN hosts access services provided by the Pepwave router (web admin access from the WAN, DNS proxy, etc.).

Access to this IP address will be passed through to the LAN port if this device is not serving the service being accessed. The shared IP address will be used in connecting to hosts on the WAN (email notification, remote syslog, etc.) The device will also listen on the IP address when hosts on the WAN access services served on this device (web admin access from the WAN, DNS server, etc.)

Enter the WAN router's IP address in this field. If there are more hosts in addition to the router on the WAN segment, check the I have other host(s) on WAN segment box and enter the IP address of the hosts that need to access LAN devices or be accessed by others.

Enter the selected WAN's corresponding DNS server IP addresses.

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Layer 2 PepVPN Bridging

PepVPN Profiles

to Bridge

Spanning Tree

Protocol

Override IP

Address when

bridge

connected

The remote network of the selected PepVPN profiles will be bridged with this local LAN, creating a Layer 2 PepVPN, they will be connected and operate like a single LAN, and any broadcast or multicast packets will be sent over the VPN.

Click the box will enable STP for this layer 2 profile bridge.

Select "Do not override" if the LAN IP address and local DHCP server should remain unchanged after the Layer 2 PepVPN is up.

If you choose to override IP address when the VPN is connected, the device will not act as a router, and most Layer 3 routing functions will cease to work.

DHCP Server Settings

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When this setting is enabled, the DHCP server automatically assigns an IP

DHCP Server

address to each computer that is connected via LAN and configured to obtain an IP address via DHCP. The Pepwave router’s DHCP server can prevent IP address collision on the LAN.

IP Range &

Subnet Mask

Lease Time

DNS Servers

WINS Server

BOOTP

Extended

DHCP Option

These settings allocate a range of IP addresses that will be assigned to LAN computers by the Pepwave router’s DHCP server.

This setting specifies the length of time throughout which an IP address of a DHCP client remains valid. Upon expiration of the lease time, the assigned IP address will no longer be valid and renewal of the IP address assignment will be required.

This option allows you to input the DNS server addresses to be offered to DHCP clients. If Assign DNS server automatically is selected, the Pepwave router’s built-in DNS server address (i.e., LAN IP address) will be offered.

This option allows you to optionally specify a Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server. You may choose to use the built-in WINS server or external WINS servers.

When this unit is connected using SpeedFusionTM, other VPN peers can share this unit's built-in WINS server by entering this unit's LAN IP address in their DHCP WINS Server setting. Afterward, all PC clients in the VPN can resolve the NetBIOS names of other clients in remote peers. If you have enabled this option, a list of WINS clients will be displayed at Status>WINS Clients.

Check this box to enable BOOTP on older networks that still require it.

In addition to standard DHCP options (e.g., DNS server address, gateway address, subnet mask), you can specify the value of additional extended DHCP options, as defined in RFC 2132. With these extended options enabled, you can pass additional configuration information to LAN hosts.

To define an extended DHCP option, click the Add button, choose the option to define and enter its value. For values that are in IP address list format, you can enter one IP address per line in the provided text area input control. Each option can be defined once only.

This setting reserves the assignment of fixed IP addresses for a list of computers on the LAN. The computers to be assigned fixed IP addresses on the LAN are identified by their MAC addresses. The fixed IP address assignment is displayed as a cross-reference list between the computers’ names, MAC addresses, and

DHCP

Reservation

fixed IP addresses. Name (an optional field) allows you to specify a name to represent the device. MAC addresses should be in the format of 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE. Press to

create a new record. Press to remove a record. Reserved client information can be imported from the Client List, located at Status>Client List. For more details, please refer to Section 22.3.

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LAN Physical Settings

This is the port speed of the LAN interface. It should be set to the same speed as the connected device to avoid port negotiation problems. When a static speed is

Speed

set, you may choose whether to advertise its speed to the peer device. Auto is selected by default. You can choose not to advertise the port speed if the port has difficulty negotiating with the peer device.

Static Route Settings

This table is for defining static routing rules for the LAN segment. A static route consists of the network address, subnet mask, and gateway address. The address and subnet mask values are in w.x.y.z format.

Static Route

The local LAN subnet and subnets behind the LAN will be advertised to the VPN. Remote routes sent over the VPN will also be accepted. Any VPN member will be

able to route to the local subnets. Press to create a new route. Press to remove a route.

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WINS Server Settings

Enable

Check the box to enable the WINS server. A list of WINS clients will be displayed at Status>WINS Clients.

DNS Proxy Settings

To enable the DNS proxy feature, check this box, and then set up the feature at Network>LAN>DNS Proxy Settings. A DNS proxy server can

Enable

DNS Caching

be enabled to serve DNS requests originating from LAN/PPTP/SpeedFusion servers/resolvers defined for each WAN connection.

This field is to enable DNS caching on the built-in DNS proxy server. When the option is enabled, queried DNS replies will be cached until the records’ TTL has been reached. This feature can help improve DNS lookup time. However, it cannot return the most up-to-date result for those frequently updated DNS records. By default, DNS Caching is disabled.

peers. Requests are forwarded to the DNS

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When this option is enabled, the DNS proxy server will also forward DNS

Include Google Public

DNS Servers

Local DNS Records

DNS Resolvers A

- Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right hand corner to activate.

requests to Google's Public DNS Servers, in addition to the DNS servers defined in each WAN. This could increase the DNS service's availability. This setting is disabled by default.

This table is for defining custom local DNS records. A static local DNS record consists of a host name and IP address. When looking up the host name from the LAN to LAN IP of the Pepwave router, the corresponding

IP address will be returned. Press to create a new record. Press

to remove a record.

Check the box to enable the WINS server. A list of WINS clients will be displayed at Network>LAN>DNS Proxy Settings>DNS Resolvers. This field specifies which DNS resolvers will receive forwarded DNS requests. If no WAN/VPN/LAN DNS resolver is selected, all of the WAN’s DNS resolvers will be selected. If a SpeedFusion resolver IP address(es). Queries will be forwarded to the selected connections’ resolvers. If all of the selected connections are down, queries will be forwarded to all resolvers on healthy WAN connections.

peer is selected, you may enter the VPN peer’s DNS

Finally, if needed, configure Bonjour forwarding, Apple’s zero configuration networking protocol. Once VLAN configuration is complete, click Save to store your changes.

Bonjour Forwarding Settings

Enable

Bonjour Service

Check this box to turn on Bonjour forwarding.

Choose Service and Client networks from the drop-down menus, and then click

to add the networks. To delete an existing Bonjour listing, click .

To enable VLAN configuration, click the button in the IP Settings section.

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To add a new LAN, click the New LAN button. To change LAN settings, click the name of the LAN to change under the LAN heading.

The following settings are displayed when creating a new LAN or editing an existing LAN.

IP Settings

Enter the Pepwave router’s IP address and subnet mask values to be used on

IP Address & Subnet Mask

the LAN.

Network Settings

Name

VLAN ID

Inter-VLAN

routing

Enter a name for the LAN.

Enter a number for your VLAN.

Check this box to enable routing between virtual LANs.

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Captive Portal

DHCP Server

Check this box to turn on captive portals.

DHCP Server Settings

When this setting is enabled, the Pepwave router’s DHCP server automatically assigns an IP address to each computer that is connected via LAN and configured to obtain an IP address via DHCP. The Pepwave router’s DHCP server can prevent IP address collisions on the LAN.

To enable DHCP bridge relay, please click the icon on this menu item.

IP Range &

Subnet Mask

Lease Time

DNS Servers

WINS Servers

These settings allocate a range of IP address that will be assigned to LAN computers by the Pepwave router’s DHCP server.

This setting specifies the length of time throughout which an IP address of a DHCP client remains valid. Upon expiration of Lease Time, the assigned IP address will no longer be valid and the IP address assignment must be renewed.

This option allows you to specify the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server. You may choose to use the built-in WINS server or external WINS servers. When this unit is connected using SpeedFusionTM, other VPN peers can share this unit's built-in WINS server by entering this unit's LAN IP address in their DHCP WINS Servers setting. Therefore, all PC clients in the VPN can resolve the NetBIOS names of other clients in remote peers. If you have enabled this option, a list of WINS clients will be displayed at Status>WINS Clients.

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BOOTP

Extended DHCP

Option

DHCP

Reservation

Check this box to enable BOOTP on older networks that still require it.

In addition to standard DHCP options (e.g. DNS server address, gateway address, subnet mask), you can specify the value of additional extended DHCP options, as defined in RFC 2132. With these extended options enabled, you can pass additional configuration information to LAN hosts. To define an extended DHCP option, click the Add button, choose the option to define, and then enter its value. For values that are in IP address list format, you can enter one IP address per line in the provided text area input control. Each option can be defined once only.

Name (an optional field) allows you to specify a name to represent the device. MAC addresses should be in the format of 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE. Press to

create a new record. Press to remove a record. Reserved clients information can be imported from the Client List, located at Status>Client List. For more details, please refer to Section 22.3.

To configure DHCP relay, first click the button found next to the DHCP Server option to display the settings.

DHCP Relay Settings

Enable

DHCP Server IP

Address

DHCP Option 82

Check this box to turn on DHCP relay. Click the icon to disable DHCP relay.

Enter the IP addresses of one or two DHCP servers in the provided fields. The DHCP servers entered here will receive relayed DHCP requests from the LAN. For active-passive DHCP server configurations, enter active and passive DHCP server relay IP addresses in DHCP Server 1 and DHCP Server 2.

DHCP Option 82 includes device information as relay agent for the attached client when forwarding DHCP requests from client to server. This option also embeds the device’s MAC address and network name in circuit and remote IDs. Check this box to enable DHCP Option 82.

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Once DHCP is set up, configure LAN Physical Settings, Static Route Settings, WINS Server

Settings, and DNS Proxy Settings as noted above.

8.2 Port Settings

To configure port settings, navigate to Network > Port Settings

On this screen, you can enable specific ports, as well as determine the speed of the LAN ports, whether each port is a trunk or access port, can well as which VLAN each link belongs to, if any.

8.3 Captive Portal

The captive portal serves as gateway that clients have to pass if they wish to access the internet using your router. To configure, navigate to Network>LAN>Captive Portal.

Captive Portal Settings

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Enable

Hostname

Access Mode

RADIUS Server

Check Enable and then, optionally, select the LANs/VLANs that will use the captive portal.

To customize the portal’s form submission and redirection URL, enter a new URL in this field. To reset the URL to factory settings, click Default.

Click Open Access to allow clients to freely access your router. Click User Authentication to force your clients to authenticate before accessing your router.

This authenticates your clients through a RADIUS server. After selecting this option, you will see the following fields:

Fill in the necessary information to complete your connection to the server and enable authentication.

This authenticates your clients through a LDAP server. Upon selecting this option, you will see the following fields:

LDAP Server

Fill in the necessary information to complete your connection to the server and enable authentication.

Access Quota

Quota Reset

Time

Allowed

Networks

Set a time and data cap to each user’s Internet usage.

This menu determines how your usage quota resets. Setting it to Daily will reset it at a specified time every day. Setting a number of minutes after quota reached establish a timer for each user that begins after the quota has been reached.

To whitelist a network, enter the domain name / IP address here and click

. To delete an existing network from the list of allowed networks, click the button next to the listing.

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Splash Page

Here, you can choose between using the Pepwave router’s built-in captive portal and redirecting clients to a URL you define.

The Portal Customization menu has two options: and . Clicking displays a pop-up previewing the captive portal that your clients will see. Clicking displays the

following menu:

Portal Customization

Logo Image

Message

Terms &

Conditions

Click the Choose File button to select a logo to use for the built-in portal.

If you have any additional messages for your users, enter them in this field.

If you would like to use your own set of terms and conditions, please enter them here. If left empty, the built-in portal will display the default terms and conditions.

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Custom

Landing

Page

Fill in this field to redirect clients to an external URL.

9 Configuring the WAN Interface(s)

WAN Interface settings are located at Network>WAN. To reorder WAN priority, drag on the appropriate WAN by holding the left mouse button, move it to the desired priority (the first one would be the highest priority, the second one would be lower priority, and so on), and drop it by releasing the mouse button.

To disable a particular WAN connection, drag on the appropriate WAN by holding the left mouse button, move it the Disabled row, and drop it by releasing the mouse button.

You can also set priorities on the Dashboard. Click the Details button in the corresponding row to modify the connection setting.

Important Note

Connection details will be changed and become effective immediately after clicking the Save and Apply button.

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9.1 Ethernet WAN

Health Check

Method

PING Hosts

Health Check Settings

This field specifies the Health Check method to be used for this WAN connection.

● Disabled - The WAN connection is always considered to be up and will not be treated as down for any IP routing errors.

● PING - ICMP PING packets will be issued to test connectivity with configurable target IP addresses or host names.

● DNS Lookup - DNS lookups will be issued to test the connectivity with configurable target DNS server IP addresses.

● HTTP - HTTP connections will be issued to test the connectivity with configurable URLs and strings to match.

Default: DNS Lookup

These fields are for specifying the target IP addresses or host names where ICMP Ping packets will be sent to for health check.

If the box Use first two DNS servers as PING Hosts is checked, the first two DNS servers will be the ping targets for checking the connection healthiness. If the box is not checked, the field Host 1 must be filled and the field Host 2 is optional.

The connection is considered to be up if ping responses are received from any one of the ping hosts.

Timeout

If a health check test cannot be completed within the specified amount of time, the test will be treated as failed.

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Health Check

Interval

Health Check

Retries

Recovery

Retries

This is the time interval between each health check test.

This is the number of consecutive check failures before treating a connection as down.

This is the number of responses required after a health check failure before treating a connection as up again.

Bandwidth Allowance Monitor Settings

Bandwidth

Allowance

Monitor

Action

Start Day

Monthly

Allowance

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Check the box Enable to enable bandwidth usage monitoring on this WAN connection for each billing cycle. When this option is not enabled, bandwidth usage of each month is still being tracked but no action will be taken.

If Email Notification is enabled, you will receive an email notification when usage hits 75% and 95% of the monthly allowance.

If the box Disconnect when usage hits 100% of monthly allowance is checked, this WAN connection will be disconnected automatically when the usage hits the monthly allowance. It will not resume unless this option has been turned off or the usage has been reset when a new billing cycle starts.

This option allows you to select which day of the month a billing cycle starts.

This field is to specify the bandwidth allowance for each billing cycle.

Additional Public IP Settings

If you have access to status public IP addresses,, you can assign them on this field.

Dynamic DNS Settings

This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based on supported dynamic DNS service providers:

● changeip.com

Dynamic DNS

Service Provider

● dyndns.org

● no-ip.org

● tzo.com

● DNS-O-Matic

Select Disabled to disable this feature. See Section 9.5 for configuration details.

9.1.1 DHCP Connection

There are four possible connection methods:

1. DHCP

2. Static IP

3. PPPoE

4. L2TP The DHCP connection method is suitable if the ISP provides an IP address automatically using

DHCP (e.g., satellite modem, WiMAX modem, cable, Metro Ethernet, etc.).

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DHCP Connection Settings

NAT allows substituting the real address in a packet with a mapped

Routing Mode

address that is routable on the destination network. By clicking the help icon in this field, you can display the IP Forwarding option, if your network requires it.

IP Address/ Subnet

Mask/ Default

This information is obtained from the ISP automatically.

Gateway

Hostname (Optional)

DNS Servers

If your service provider's DHCP server requires you to supply a hostname value upon acquiring an IP address, you may enter the value here. If your service provider does not provide you with the value, you can safely bypass this option.

Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies the DNS (Domain Name System) servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed through this connection.

Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS servers being assigned by the WAN DHCP server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the connection. (The DNS servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned from the DHCP server.)

When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you may enter custom DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the

DNS Server 1 and DNS Server 2 fields.

9.1.2 Static IP Connection

The static IP connection method is suitable if your ISP provides a static IP address to connect directly.

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Static IP Settings

NAT allows substituting the real address in a packet with a mapped address that

Routing Mode

is routable on the destination network. By clicking the help icon in this field, you can display the IP Forwarding option, if your network requires it.

IP Address /

Subnet Mask /

Default

Gateway

DNS Servers

These settings allow you to specify the information required in order to communicate on the Internet via a fixed Internet IP address. The information is typically determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.

Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies the DNS (Domain Name System) servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed through this connection. Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS servers being assigned by the WAN DHCP server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the connection. (The DNS servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned from the DHCP server.) When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you may enter custom DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS

Server 1 and DNS Server 2 fields.

9.1.3 PPPoE Connection

This connection method is suitable if your ISP provides a login ID/password to connect via PPPoE.

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PPPoE Settings

NAT allows substituting the real address in a packet with a mapped address

Routing Mode

that is routable on the destination network. By clicking the help icon in this field, you can display the IP Forwarding option, if your network requires it.

IP Address /

Subnet Mask /

This information is obtained from the ISP automatically.

Default Gateway

PPPoE User Name

/ Password

Confirm PPPoE

Password

Service Name

(Optional)

IP Address

(Optional)

DNS Servers

Enter the required information in these fields in order to connect via PPPoE to the ISP. The parameter values are determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.

Verify your password by entering it again in this field.

Service name is provided by the ISP.

Note: Leave this field blank unless it is provided by your ISP.

If your ISP provides a PPPoE IP address, enter it here. Note: Leave this field blank unless it is provided by your ISP.

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connection. (The DNS servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned from the DHCP server.) When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you may enter custom DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS Server 1 and DNS Server 2 fields.

9.1.4 L2TP Connection

L2TP has all the compatibility and convenience of PPTP with greater security. Combine this with IPsec for a good balance between ease of use and security.

L2TP Settings

L2TP Username /

Password

Confirm L2TP

Password

Server IP

Address / Host

Address Type

DNS Servers

Enter the required information in these fields in order to connect via L2TP to your ISP.

The parameter values are determined by and can be obtained from your ISP.

Verify your password by entering it again in this field.

L2TP server address is a parameter which is provided by your ISP. Note: Leave this field blank unless it is provided by your ISP.

Your ISP will also indicate whether the server IP address is Dynamic or Static. Please click the appropriate value.

Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies the

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DNS (Domain Name System) servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed through this

connection.

Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS servers assigned

by the PPPoE server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the WAN connection.

(The DNS servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned from the PPPoE

server.)

When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you can enter custom DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS server 1 and DNS server 2 fields.

9.2 Cellular WAN

To access cellular WAN settings, click Network>WAN>Details.

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Cellular Status

IMSI

MEID

ESN

IMEI

This is the International Mobile Subscriber Identity which uniquely identifies the SIM card. This is applicable to 3G modems only.

Some Pepwave routers support both HSPA and EV-DO. For Sprint or Verizon Wireless EV-DO users, a unique MEID identifier code (in hexadecimal format) is used by the carrier to associate the EV-DO device with the user. This information is presented in hex and decimal format.

This serves the same purpose as MEID HEX but uses an older format.

This is the unique ID for identifying the modem in GSM/HSPA mode.

WAN Connection Settings

WAN Connection

Name

Operating

Schedule

Enter a name to represent this WAN connection.

Click the drop-down menu to apply a time schedule to this interface if needed.

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Auto: The subnet mask will be set automatically.

Subnet Selection

Routing Mode

DNS Servers

Force /31 Subnet: The subnet mask will be set as 255.255.255.254(/31), and the gateway IP address will be recalculated.

This option allows you to select the routing method to be used in routing IP frames via the WAN connection. The mode can be either NAT (network address translation)

or IP Forwarding. Click the button to enable IP forwarding.

Each ISP may provide a set of DNS servers for DNS lookups. This setting specifies the DNS (Domain Name System) servers to be used when a DNS lookup is routed through this

connection.

Selecting Obtain DNS server address automatically results in the DNS servers assigned

by the PPPoE server to be used for outbound DNS lookups over the WAN connection.

(The DNS servers are obtained along with the WAN IP address assigned from the PPPoE

server.)

When Use the following DNS server address(es) is selected, you can enter custom DNS server addresses for this WAN connection into the DNS server 1 and DNS server 2 fields.

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If both cards were enabled on the above field, then you can designate the priority of

Cellular Settings

SIM Card

Indicate which SIM card this cellular WAN will use. Only applies to cellular WAN with redundant SIM cards.

Preferred SIM

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Card

3G/2G

Authentication

Data Roaming

Operator Settings

APN / Login /

Password /

SIM PIN

the SIM card slots here.

This drop-down menu allows restricting cellular to particular band. Click the button to enable the selection of specific bands.

Choose from PAP Only or CHAP Only to use those authentication methods exclusively. Select Auto to automatically choose an authentication method.

This checkbox enables data roaming on this particular SIM card. Please check your service provider’s data roaming policy before proceeding.

This setting applies to 3G/EDGE/GPRS modems only. It does not apply to EVDO/EVDO Rev. A modems. This allows you to configure the APN settings of your connection. If Auto is selected, the mobile operator should be detected automatically. The connected device will be configured and connection will be made automatically. If there is any difficulty in making connection, you may select Custom to enter your carrier’s APN, Login, Password, and Dial Number settings manually. The correct values can be obtained from your carrier. The default and recommended setting is Auto.

When Auto is selected, the information in these fields will be filled automatically. Select Custom to customize these parameters. The parameter values are determined by and can be obtained from the ISP.

Bandwidth

Allowance

Monitor

Action

Start Day

Monthly

Allowance

If email notification is enabled, you will be notified by email when usage hits 75% and 95% of the monthly allowance. If Disconnect when usage hits 100% of monthly allowance is checked, this WAN connection will be disconnected automatically when the usage hits the monthly allowance. It will not resume connection unless this option has been turned off or the usage has been reset when a new billing cycle starts.

This option allows you to define which day of the month each billing cycle begins.

This field is for defining the maximum bandwidth usage allowed for the WAN connection each month.

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General Settings

Independent

from Backup

WANs

Standby State

Idle Disconnect

If this is checked, the connection will be working independent from other Backup WAN connections. Those in Backup Priority will ignore the status of this WAN connection, and will be used when none of the other higher priority connections are available.

This option allows you to choose whether to remain connected or disconnected when this WAN connection is no longer in the highest priority and has entered the standby state. When Remain connected is chosen, bringing up this WAN connection to active makes it immediately available for use.

When Internet traffic is not detected within the user-specified timeframe, the modem will automatically disconnect. Once the traffic is resumed by the LAN host, the connection will be re-activated.

Health Check Settings

Health Check

Method

Timeout

Health Check

Interval

This setting allows you to specify the health check method for the cellular connection. Available options are Disabled, Ping, DNS Lookup, HTTP, and SmartCheck. The default method is DNS Lookup. See Section 10.4 for configuration details.

If a health check test cannot be completed within the specified amount of time, the test will be treated as failed.

This is the time interval between each health check test.

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Health Check

Retries

Recovery

Retries

Dynamic DNS

Service

Provider

This is the number of consecutive check failures before treating a connection as down.

This is the number of responses required after a health check failure before treating a connection as up again.

Dynamic DNS Settings

This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based on supported dynamic DNS service providers:

● changeip.com

● dyndns.org

● no-ip.org

● tzo.com

● DNS-O-Matic

Select Disabled to disable this feature. See Section 9.5 for configuration details.

MTU

This field is for specifying the Maximum Transmission Unit value of the WAN

MTU

connection. An excessive MTU value can cause file downloads stall shortly after connected. You may consult your ISP for the connection's MTU value.

9.3 Wi-Fi WAN

To access Wi-Fi WAN settings, click Network>WAN>Details.

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WAN Connection Settings

WAN Connection

Name

Operating

Schedule

Independent from

Backup WANs

Standby State

MTU

Reply to ICMP

PING

Enter a name to represent this WAN connection.

Click the drop-down menu to apply a time schedule to this interface.

This setting specifies the state of the WAN connection while in standby. The available options are Remain Connected (hot standby) and Disconnect (cold standby).

This setting specifies the maximum transmission unit. By default, MTU is set to

Custom 1440. You may adjust the MTU value by editing the text field. Click Default to restore the default MTU value. Select Auto and the appropriate MTU

value will be automatically detected. The auto-detection will run each time the WAN connection establishes

If this setting is disabled, the WAN connection will not respond to ICMP ping requests. By default, this setting is enabled.

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Wi-Fi WAN Settings

Select the channel width for this Wi-Fi WAN. 20MHz will have greater support for

Channel Width

older devices using 2.4Ghz, while 40MHz is appropriate for networks with newer devices that connect using 5Ghz

Determine whether the channel will be automatically selected. If you select custom, the following table will appear:

Channel

Selection

Data Rate

Output Power

Roaming

Connect to Any

Open Mode AP

Beacon Miss

Selecting Auto will enable the router to automatically determine the best data rate, while manually selecting a rate will force devices to connect using the fixed rate.

If you are setting up a network with many Wi-Fi devices in close proximity, then you can configure the output power here. Click the “boost” button for additional power. However, with that option ticked, output power may exceed local regulatory limits.

Checking this box will enable Wi-Fi roaming. Click the icon for additional options.

This option is to specify whether the Wi-Fi WAN will connect to any open mode access points it finds.

This sets the threshold for the number of missed beacons.

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Counter

Bandwidth Allowance Monitor

If Error! Reference source not found. is enabled, you will be notified by email when usage hits 75% and 95% of the monthly allowance.

Action

If Disconnect when usage hits 100% of monthly allowance is checked, this WAN connection will be disconnected automatically when the usage hits the monthly allowance. It will not resume connection unless this option has been turned off or the usage has been reset when a new billing cycle starts.

Start Day

Monthly

Allowance

This option allows you to define which day of the month each billing cycle begins.

This field is for defining the maximum bandwidth usage allowed for the WAN connection each month.

Health Check Settings

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This setting specifies the health check method for the WAN connection. This value

Method

can be configured as Disabled, PING, DNS Lookup, or HTTP. The default method is DNS Lookup. For mobile Internet connections, the value of Method can be configured as Disabled or SmartCheck.

Health Check Disabled

When Disabled is chosen in the Method field, the WAN connection will always be considered as up. The connection will NOT be treated as down in the event of IP routing errors.

Health Check Method: PING

ICMP ping packets will be issued to test the connectivity with a configurable target IP address or hostname. A WAN connection is considered as up if ping responses are received from either one or both of the ping hosts.

This setting specifies IP addresses or hostnames with which connectivity is to be tested via ICMP ping. If Use first two DNS servers as Ping Hosts is checked,

PING Hosts

the target ping host will be the first DNS server for the corresponding WAN connection. Reliable ping hosts with a high uptime should be considered. By default, the first two DNS servers of the WAN connection are used as the ping hosts.

Health Check Method: DNS Lookup

DNS lookups will be issued to test connectivity with target DNS servers. The connection will be treated as up if DNS responses are received from one or both of the servers, regardless of whether the result was positive or negative.

This field allows you to specify two DNS hosts’ IP addresses with which connectivity is to be tested via DNS Lookup.

Health Check

DNS Servers

If Use first two DNS servers as Health Check DNS Servers is checked, the first two DNS servers will be the DNS lookup targets for checking a connection's health. If the box is not checked, Host 1 must be filled, while a value for Host 2 is optional.

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If Include public DNS servers is selected and no response is received from all specified DNS servers, DNS lookups will also be issued to some public DNS servers. A WAN connection will be treated as down only if there is also no response received from the public DNS servers.

Connections will be considered as up if DNS responses are received from any one of the health check DNS servers, regardless of a positive or negative result. By default, the first two DNS servers of the WAN connection are used as the health check DNS servers.

Health Check Method: HTTP

HTTP connections will be issued to test connectivity with configurable URLs and strings to match

WAN Settings>WAN Edit>Health Check Settings>URL1 The URL will be retrieved when performing an HTTP health check. When String

URL1

to Match is left blank, a health check will pass if the HTTP return code is between

200 and 299 (Note: HTTP redirection codes 301 or 302 are treated as failures). When String to Match is filled, a health check will pass if the HTTP return code is between 200 and 299 and if the HTTP response content contains the string.

URL 2

WAN Settings>WAN Edit>Health Check Settings>URL2 If URL2 is also provided, a health check will pass if either one of the tests passed.

Other Health Check Settings

Timeout

Health Check

This setting specifies the timeout in seconds for ping/DNS lookup requests. The default timeout is 5 seconds.

This setting specifies the time interval in seconds between ping or DNS lookup

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Interval

Health Check

Retries

Recovery Retries

requests. The default health check interval is 5 seconds.

This setting specifies the number of consecutive ping/DNS lookup timeouts after which the Peplink Balance will treat the corresponding WAN connection as down. Default health retries is set to 3. Using the default Health Retries setting of 3, the corresponding WAN connection will be treated as down after three consecutive timeouts.

This setting specifies the number of consecutive successful ping/DNS lookup responses that must be received before the Peplink Balance treats a previously down WAN connection as up again. By default, Recover Retries is set to 3. Using the default setting, a WAN connection that is treated as down will be considered as up again upon receiving three consecutive successful ping/DNS lookup responses.

Dynamic DNS Settings

This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN. Supported providers are:

● changeip.com

Service Provider

User ID / User /

Password / Pass /

● dyndns.org

● no-ip.org

● tzo.com

● DNS-O-Matic

Select Disabled to disable this feature.

This setting specifies the registered user name for the dynamic DNS service.

This setting specifies the password for the dynamic DNS service.

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TZO Key

Update All Hosts

Hosts / Domain

Check this box to automatically update all hosts.

This setting specifies a list of hostnames or domains to be associated with the public Internet IP address of the WAN connection.

Important Note

In order to use dynamic DNS services, appropriate hostname registration(s), as well as a valid account with a supported dynamic DNS service provider, are required.

A dynamic DNS update is performed whenever a WAN’s IP address is changed, such as when an IP is changed after a DHCP IP refresh or reconnection.

Due to dynamic DNS service providers’ policies, a dynamic DNS host expires automatically when the host record has not been not updated for a long time. Therefore, the Peplink Balance performs an update every 23 days, even if a WAN’s IP address did not change.

9.3.1 Creating Wi-Fi Connection Profiles

You can manually create a profile to connect to a Wi-Fi connection. This is useful for creating a profile for connecting to hidden-SSID access points. Click Network>WAN>Details>Create Profile… to get started.

This will open a window similar to the one shown below

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Wi-Fi Connection Profile Settings

Type

Network Name

(SSID)

Security

Select whether the network will connect automatically or manually.

Enter a name to represent this Wi-Fi connection.

This option allows you to select which security policy is used for this wireless network.

Available options:

● Open

● WEP

● WPA/WPA2 – Personal

● WPA/WPA2 – Enterprise

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9.4 WAN Health Check

To ensure traffic is routed to healthy WAN connections only, the Pepwave router can periodically check the health of each WAN connection. The health check settings for each WAN connection can be independently configured via Network>WAN>Details.

Health Check Settings

This setting specifies the health check method for the WAN connection. This value

Method

When Disabled is chosen in the Method field, the WAN connection will always be considered as up. The connection will NOT be treated as down in the event of IP routing errors.

can be configured as Disabled, PING, DNS Lookup, or HTTP. The default method is DNS Lookup. For mobile Internet connections, the value of Method can be configured as Disabled or SmartCheck.

Health Check Disabled

Health Check Method: PING

This setting specifies IP addresses or hostnames with which connectivity is to be tested via ICMP ping. If Use first two DNS servers as Ping Hosts is checked,

PING Hosts

Health Check Method: DNS Lookup

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This field allows you to specify two DNS hosts’ IP addresses with which connectivity is to be tested via DNS lookup.

Health Check

DNS Servers

Health Check Method: HTTP

HTTP connections will be issued to test connectivity with configurable URLs and strings to match.

WAN Settings>WAN Edit>Health Check Settings>URL1 The URL will be retrieved when performing an HTTP health check. When String

URL1

URL 2

to Match is left blank, a health check will pass if the HTTP return code is between

WAN Settings>WAN Edit>Health Check Settings>URL2

If URL2 is also provided, a health check will pass if either one of the tests passed.

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Other Health Check Settings

Timeout

Health Check

Interval

Health Check

Retries

Recovery Retries

This setting specifies the timeout in seconds for ping/DNS lookup requests. The default timeout is 5 seconds.

This setting specifies the time interval in seconds between ping or DNS lookup requests. The default health check interval is 5 seconds.

This setting specifies the number of consecutive ping/DNS lookup timeouts after which the Pepwave router will treat the corresponding WAN connection as down. Default health retries is set to 3. Using the default Health Retries setting of 3, the corresponding WAN connection will be treated as down after three consecutive timeouts.

This setting specifies the number of consecutive successful ping/DNS lookup responses that must be received before the Pepwave router treats a previously down WAN connection as up again. By default, Recover Retries is set to 3. Using the default setting, a WAN connection that is treated as down will be considered as up again upon receiving three consecutive successful ping/DNS lookup responses.

Automatic Public DNS Server Check on DNS Test Failure

When the health check method is set to DNS Lookup and health checks fail, the Pepwave router will automatically perform DNS lookups on public DNS servers. If the tests are successful, the WAN may not be down, but rather the target DNS server malfunctioned. You will see the following warning message on the main page:

9.5 Dynamic DNS Settings

Pepwave routers are capable of registering the domain name relationships to dynamic DNS

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service providers. Through registration with dynamic DNS service provider(s), the default public Internet IP address of each WAN connection can be associated with a host name. With dynamic DNS service enabled for a WAN connection, you can connect to your WAN's IP address from the external, even if its IP address is dynamic. You must register for an account from the listed dynamic DNS service providers before enabling this option.

If the WAN connection's IP address is a reserved private IP address (i.e., behind a NAT router), the public IP of each WAN will be automatically reported to the DNS service provider.

Either upon a change in IP addresses or every 23 days without link reconnection, the Pepwave router will connect to the dynamic DNS service provider to perform an IP address update within the provider’s records.

The settings for dynamic DNS service provider(s) and the association of hostname(s) are configured via Network>WAN>Details>Dynamic DNS Service Provider/Dynamic DNS

Settings.

Dynamic DNS Settings

This setting specifies the dynamic DNS service provider to be used for the WAN based on supported dynamic DNS service providers:

● changeip.com

● dyndns.org

● no-ip.org

Dynamic DNS

Account Name /

Email Address

● tzo.com

● DNS-O-Matic

● Others… Support custom Dynamic DNS servers by entering its URL.

Works with any service compatible with DynDNS API.

Select Disabled to disable this feature.

This setting specifies the registered user name for the dynamic DNS service.

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Password / TZO

Key

Hosts / Domain

This setting specifies the password for the dynamic DNS service.

This field allows you to specify a list of host names or domains to be associated with the public Internet IP address of the WAN connection. If you need to enter more than one host, use a carriage return to separate them.

Important Note

In order to use dynamic DNS services, appropriate host name registration(s) and a valid account with a supported dynamic DNS service provider are required. A dynamic DNS update is performed whenever a WAN’s IP address changes (e.g., the IP is changed after a DHCP IP refresh, reconnection, etc.). Due to dynamic DNS service providers’ policy, a dynamic DNS host will automatically expire if the host record has not been updated for a long time. Therefore the Pepwave router performs an update every 23 days, even if a WAN’s IP address has not changed.

10 Advanced Wi-Fi Settings

Wi-Fi settings can be configured at Advanced>Wi-Fi Settings (or AP>Settings on some models). Note that menus displayed can vary by model.

AP Settings

SSID

Operating

Country

You can select the wireless networks for 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz seperately for each SSID.

This drop-down menu specifies the national/regional regulations which the WiFi radio should follow.

● If a North American region is selected, RF channels 1 to 11 will be available and the maximum transmission power will be 26 dBm (400 mW).

● If European region is selected, RF channels 1 to 13 will be available. The maximum transmission power will be 20 dBm (100 mW).

NOTE: Users are required to choose an option suitable to local laws and regulations.

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Preferred

Frequency

Indicate the preferred frequency to use for clients to connect.

Important Note

Per FCC regulation, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in the US. All US models are fixed to US channels only.

AP Settings (part 2)

This option allows you to specify whether 802.11b and/or 802.11g client

Protocol

Channel Width

Channel

Auto Channel

Update

Output Power

Client Signal

Strength

association requests will be accepted. Available options are 802.11ng and

802.11na. By default, 802.11ng is selected.

Available options are 20 MHz, 40 MHz, and Auto (20/40 MHz) . Default is Auto (20/40 MHz), which allows both widths to be used simultaneously.

This option allows you to select which 802.11 RF channel will be utilized. Channel 1 (2.412 GHz) is selected by default.

Indicate the time of day at which update automatic channel selection.

This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP. There are 4 relative power levels available – Max, High, Mid, and Low. The actual output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country.

This setting determines the maximum strength at which the Wi-Fi AP can broadcast

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Threshold

Maximum number

of clients

This setting determines the maximum number of clients that can connect to this Wi-Fi frequency.

Advanced Wi-Fi AP settings can be displayed by clicking the on the top right-hand corner of the Wi-Fi AP Settings section, which can be found at AP>Settings. Other models will display a separate section called Wi-Fi AP Advanced Settings, which can be found at Advanced>Wi-Fi

Settings.

Advanced AP Settings

This field specifies the VLAN ID to tag to management traffic, such as

Management VLAN

Operating

Schedule

Beacon Rate A

Beacon Interval A

communication traffic between the AP and the AP Controller. The value is zero by default, which means that no VLAN tagging will be applied.

NOTE: Change this value with caution as alterations may result in loss of connection to the AP Controller.

Choose from the schedules that you have defined in System>Schedule. Select the schedule for the integrated AP to follow from the drop-down menu.

This option is for setting the transmit bit rate for sending a beacon. By default, 1Mbps is selected.

This option is for setting the time interval between each beacon. By default, 100ms is selected.

https://www.peplink.com 68 Copyright @ 2019 Pepwave

This field allows you to set the frequency for the beacon to include delivery

DTIM A

RTS Threshold A

traffic indication messages. The interval is measured in milliseconds. The default value is set to 1 ms.

The RTS (Request to Clear) threshold determines the level of connection required before the AP starts sending data. The recommended standard of the RTS threshold is around 500.

Fragmentation

Threshold A

Distance / Time

Convertor

Slot Time A

ACK Timeout A

Frame Aggregation

- Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

This setting determines the maximum size of a packet before it gets fragmented into multiple pieces.

Select the range you wish to cover with your Wi-Fi, and the router will make recommendations for the Slot Time and ACK Timeout.

This field is for specifying the unit wait time before transmitting a packet. By default, this field is set to 9 µs.

This field is for setting the wait time to receive an acknowledgement packet before performing a retransmission. By default, this field is set to 48 µs.

This option allows you to enable frame aggregation to increase transmission throughput.

Boost

Web Administration Settings

Enable

Web Access

Protocol

Management Port

Admin Username

Admin Password

Ticking this box enables web admin access for APs located on the WAN.

Determines whether the web admin portal can be accessed through HTTP or HTTPS

Determines the port at which the management UI can be accessed.

Determines the username to be used for logging into the web admin portal

Determines the password for the web admin portal on external AP.

Wi-Fi WAN settings can be configured at Advanced>Wi-Fi Settings (or Advanced>Wi-Fi

WAN or some models).

Wi-Fi WAN Settings

Channel Width

Bit Rate

Available options are 20/40 MHz and 20 MHz. Default is 20/40 MHz, which allows both widths to be used simultaneously.

This option allows you to select a specific bit rate for data transfer over the device’s Wi-Fi network. By default, Auto is selected.

This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP.

Output Power

There are 4 relative power levels available – Max, High, Mid, and Low. The actual output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country. Note that selecting the

option may cause the MAX’s radio

output to exceed local regulatory limits.

11 MediaFast Configuration

MediaFast settings can be configured from the Network menu.

11.1 Setting Up MediaFast Content Caching

To access MediaFast content caching settings, select Advanced>Cache Control

Cache Control Settings

Domain

Source IP

Subnet

Content Type

Choose to Cache on all domains, or enter domain names and then choose either Cache the specified domains only or Do not cache the specified domains.

This setting allows caching to be applied to the user-specified IP subnets. If "Any" is selected, then caching will apply to all subnets.

Check these boxes to cache the listed content types or leave boxes unchecked to disable caching for the listed types.

Cache Lifetime

Settings

Enter a file extension, such as JPG or DOC. Then enter a lifetime in days to specify how long files with that extension will be cached. Add or delete entries using the controls on the right.

11.2 Scheduling Content Prefetching

Content prefetching allows you to download content on a schedule that you define, which can help to preserve network bandwidth during busy times and keep costs down. To access MediaFast content prefetching settings, select Advanced >Prefetch Schedule.

Prefetch Schedule Settings

Name

Status

Next Run

Time/Last Run

Time

Last Duration

Result

Last Download

This field displays the name given to the scheduled download.

Check the status of your scheduled download here.

These fields display the date and time of the next and most recent occurrences of the scheduled download.

Check this field to ensure that the most recent download took as long as expected to complete. A value that is too low might indicate an incomplete download or incorrectly specified download target, while a value that is too long could mean a download with an incorrectly specified target or stop time.

This field indicates whether downloads are in progress ( ) or complete ( ).

Check this field to ensure that the most recent download file size is within the expected range. A value that is too low might indicate an incomplete download or

incorrectly specified download target, while a value that is too long could mean a download with an incorrectly specified target or stop time. This field is also useful for quickly seeing which downloads are consuming the most storage space.

To begin a scheduled download immediately, click .

Actions

To cancel a scheduled download, click . To edit a scheduled download, click . To delete a scheduled download, click .

Click to begin creating a new scheduled download. Clicking the button will cause the following screen to appear:

New Schedule

Simply provide the requested information to create your schedule.

Clear Web Cache

Clear Statistics

To clear all cached content, click this button. Note that this action cannot be undone.

To clear all prefetch and status page statistics, click this button.

11.3 Viewing MediaFast Statistics

To get details on storage and bandwidth usage, select Status>MediaFast.

12 Bandwidth Bonding SpeedFusion

/ PepVPN

Pepwave bandwidth bonding SpeedFusion WAN routers to bond multiple Internet connections to increase site-to-site bandwidth and reliability. SpeedFusion functionality securely connects your Pepwave router to another Pepwave or Peplink device (Peplink Balance 210/310/380/580/710/1350 only). Data, voice, or video communications between these locations are kept confidential across the public Internet.

Bandwidth bonding SpeedFusion of failures and network congestion at one or more WANs, other WANs can be used to continue carrying the network traffic.

Different models of our SD-WAN routers have different numbers of site-to-site connections allowed. End-users who need to have more site-to-site connections can purchase a SpeedFusion license to increase the number of site-to-site connections allowed.

Pepwave routers can aggregate all WAN connections’ bandwidth for routing SpeedFusion traffic. Unless all the WAN connections of one site are down, Pepwave routers can keep the VPN up and running.

VPN bandwidth bonding is supported in Firmware 5.1 or above. All available bandwidth will be utilized to establish the VPN tunnel, and all traffic will be load balanced at packet level across all links. VPN bandwidth bonding is enabled by default.

is specifically designed for multi-WAN environments. In case

is our patented technology that enables our SD-

12.1 PepVPN

To configure PepVPN and SpeedFusion, navigate to Advanced>SpeedFusion™ or Advanced>PepVPN.

The local LAN subnet and subnets behind the LAN (defined under Static Route on the LAN settings page) will be advertised to the VPN. All VPN members (branch offices and headquarters) will be able to route to local subnets.

Note that all LAN subnets and the subnets behind them must be unique. Otherwise, VPN members will not be able to access each other.

All data can be routed over the VPN using the 256-bit AES encryption standard. To configure, navigate to Advanced>SpeedFusion™ or Advanced>PepVPN and click the New Profile button to create a new VPN profile (you may have to first save the displayed default profile in order to access the New Profile button). Each profile specifies the settings for making VPN connection with one remote Pepwave or Peplink device. Note that available settings vary by model.

A list of defined SpeedFusion

connection profiles and a Link Failure Detection Time option will be shown. Click the New Profile button to create a new VPN connection profile for making a VPN connection to a remote Peplink Balance via the available WAN connections. Each profile is for making a VPN connection with one remote Peplink Balance.

PepVPN Profile Settings

This field is for specifying a name to represent this profile. The name can be any

Name

Active

Encryption

Authentication

Remote ID /

Pre-shared Key

combination of alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, a-z), underscores (_), dashes (-), and/or non-leading/trailing spaces ( ).

When this box is checked, this VPN connection profile will be enabled. Otherwise, it will be disabled.

By default, VPN traffic is encrypted with 256-bit AES. If Off is selected on both sides of a VPN connection, no encryption will be applied.

Select from By Remote ID Only, Preshared Key, or X.509 to specify the method the Peplink Balance will use to authenticate peers. When selecting By Remote ID Only, be sure to enter a unique peer ID number in the Remote ID field.

This optional field becomes available when Remote ID / Pre-shared Key is selected as the Peplink Balance’s VPN Authentication method, as explained above. Pre-shared Key defines the pre-shared key used for this particular VPN connection. The VPN connection's session key will be further protected by the preshared key. The connection will be up only if the pre-shared keys on each side match. When the peer is running firmware 5.0+, this setting will be ignored.

Enter Remote IDs either by typing out each Remote ID and Pre-shared Key, or by pasting a CSV. If you wish to paste a CSV, click the icon next to the “Remote

ID / Preshared Key” setting.

These optional fields become available when X.509 is selected as the Peplink

Remote

ID/Remote

Certificate

Balance’s VPN authentication method, as explained above. To authenticate VPN connections using X.509 certificates, copy and paste certificate details into these fields. To get more information on a listed X.509 certificate, click the Show Details link below the field.

Allow Shared

Remote ID

NAT Mode

Remote IP

Address / Host

Names

(Optional)

Cost

Data Port

When this option is enabled, the router will allow multiple peers to run using the same remote ID.

Check this box to allow the local DHCP server to assign an IP address to the remote peer. When NAT Mode is enabled, all remote traffic over the VPN will be tagged with the assigned IP address using network address translation.

If NAT Mode is not enabled, you can enter a remote peer’s WAN IP address or hostname(s) here. If the remote uses more than one address, enter only one of them here. Multiple hostnames are allowed and can be separated by a space character or carriage return. Dynamic-DNS host names are also accepted.

This field is optional. With this field filled, the Peplink Balance will initiate connection to each of the remote IP addresses until it succeeds in making a connection. If the field is empty, the Peplink Balance will wait for connection from the remote peer. Therefore, at least one of the two VPN peers must specify this value. Otherwise, VPN connections cannot be established.

Define path cost for this profile. OSPF will determine the best route through the network using the assigned cost. Default: 10

This field is used to specify a UDP port number for transporting outgoing VPN data. If Default is selected, UDP port 4500 will be used. Port 32015 will be used if the remote unit uses Firmware prior to version 5.4 or if port 4500 is unavailable. If

Custom is selected, enter an outgoing port number from 1 to 65535.

Bandwidth Limit

Cost

WAN

SmoothingA

Define maximum download and upload speed to each individual peer. This functionality requires the peer to use PepVPN version 4.0.0 or above.

Define path cost for this profile. OSPF will determine the best route through the network using the assigned cost. Default: 10

Select the degree to which WAN Smoothing will be implemented across your WAN links.

Use IP ToS

Latency

Difference Cutoff

- Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

Checking this button enables the use of IP ToS header field.

Traffic will be stopped for links that exceed the specified millisecond value with respect to the lowest latency link. (e.g. Lowest latency is 100ms, a value of 500ms means links with latency 600ms or more will not be used)

To enable Layer 2 Bridging between PepVPN profiles, navigate to Network>LAN>Basic

Settings>*LAN Profile Name* and refer to instructions in section 9.1

8.41

WAN Connection Priority

If your device supports it, you can specify the priority of WAN connections to be used for making VPN connections. WAN connections set to OFF will never be

WAN Connection

Priority

used. Only available WAN connections with the highest priority will be used.

To enable asymmetric connections, connection mapping to remote WANs, cut-off latency, and packet loss suspension time, click the button.

Send All Traffic To

This feature allows you to redirect all traffic to a specified PepVPN connection. Click the button to select your connection and the following menu will appear:

You could also specify a DNS server to resolve incoming DNS requests. Click the checkbox next to Backup Site to designate a backup SpeedFusion profile that will take over, should the main PepVPN connection fail.

Outbound Policy/PepVPN Outbound Custom Rules

Some models allow you to set outbound policy and custom outbound rules from Advanced>PepVPN. See Section 14 for more information on outbound policy settings.

PepVPN Local ID

The local ID is a text string to identify this local unit when establishing a VPN connection. When creating a profile on a remote unit, this local ID must be entered in the remote unit's Remote ID field. Click the

icon to edit Local ID.

PepVPN Settings

To designate a custom handshake port (TCP), click the custom radio button and

Handshake Port

enter the port number you wish to designate.

Backward

Compatibility

Link Failure

Detection Time

- Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate.

Determine the level of backward compatibility needed for PepVPN tunnels. The use of the Latest setting is recommended as it will improve the performance and resilience of SpeedFusion connections.

The bonded VPN can detect routing failures on the path between two sites over each WAN connection. Failed WAN connections will not be used to route VPN traffic. Health check packets are sent to the remote unit to detect any failure. The more frequently checks are sent, the shorter the detection time, although more bandwidth will be consumed.

When Recommended (default) is selected, a health check packet is sent every five seconds, and the expected detection time is 15 seconds.

When Fast is selected, a health check packet is sent every three seconds, and the expected detection time is six seconds.

When Faster is selected, a health check packet is sent every second, and the expected detection time is two seconds.

When Extreme is selected, a health check packet is sent every 0.1 second, and the expected detection time is less than one second.

Important Note

Peplink proprietary SpeedFusionTM uses TCP port 32015 and UDP port 4500 for establishing VPN connections. If you have a firewall in front of your Pepwave devices, you will need to add firewall rules for these ports and protocols to allow inbound and outbound traffic to pass through the firewall.

Tip

Want to know more about VPN sub-second session failover? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video tutorial!

http://youtu.be/TLQgdpPSY88

12.2 The Pepwave Router Behind a NAT Router

Pepwave routers support establishing SpeedFusionTM over WAN connections which are behind a NAT (network address translation) router.

To enable a WAN connection behind a NAT router to accept VPN connections, you can configure the NAT router in front of the WAN connection to inbound port-forward TCP port 32015 to the Pepwave router.

If one or more WAN connections on Unit A can accept VPN connections (by means of port forwarding or not), while none of the WAN connections on the peer Unit B can do so, you should enter all of Unit A’s public IP addresses or hostnames into Unit B’s Remote IP Addresses / Host Names field. Leave the field in Unit A blank. With this setting, a SpeedFusion can be set up and all WAN connections on both sides will be utilized.

connection

See the following diagram for an example of this setup in use:

One of the WANs connected to Router A is non-NAT’d (212.1.1.1). The rest of the WANs connected to Router A and all WANs connected to Router B are NAT’d. In this case, the Peer IP Addresses / Host Names field for Router B should be filled with all of Router A’s hostnames or public IP addresses (i.e., 212.1.1.1, 212.2.2.2, and 212.3.3.3), and the field in Router A can be left blank. The two NAT routers on WAN1 and WAN3 connected to Router A should inbound port-forward TCP port 32015 to Router A so that all WANs will be utilized in establishing the VPN.

12.3 SpeedFusionTM Status

SpeedFusionTM status is shown in the Dashboard. The connection status of each connection profile is shown as below.

After clicking the Status button at the top right corner of the SpeedFusion

forwarded to Status>SpeedFusion

, where you can view subnet and WAN connection

information for each VPN peer. Please refer to Section 22.6 for details.

table, you will be

IP Subnets Must Be Unique Among VPN Peers

The entire interconnected SpeedFusionTM network is a single non-NAT IP network. Avoid duplicating subnets in your sites to prevent connectivity problems when accessing those subnets.

13 IPsec VPN

IPsec VPN functionality securely connects one or more branch offices to your company's main headquarters or to other branches. Data, voice, and video communications between these locations are kept safe and confidential across the public Internet.

IPsec VPN on Pepwave routers is specially designed for multi-WAN environments. For instance, if a user sets up multiple IPsec profiles for a multi-WAN environment and WAN1 is connected and healthy, IPsec traffic will go through this link. However, should unforeseen problems (e.g., unplugged cables or ISP problems) cause WAN1 to go down, our IPsec implementation will make use of WAN2 and WAN3 for failover.

13.1 IPsec VPN Settings

Many Pepwave products can make multiple IPsec VPN connections with Peplink, Pepwave, Cisco, and Juniper routers. Note that all LAN subnets and the subnets behind them must be unique. Otherwise, VPN members will not be able to access each other. All data can be routed over the VPN with a selection of encryption standards, such as 3DES, AES-128, and AES-256. To configure IPsec VPN on Pepwave devices that support it, navigate to Advanced>IPsec

VPN.

A NAT-Traversal option and list of defined IPsec VPN profiles will be shown. NAT-Traversal should be enabled if your system is behind a NAT router. Click the New Profile button to create new IPsec VPN profiles that make VPN connections to remote Pepwave, Cisco, or Juniper routers via available WAN connections. To edit any of the profiles, click on its associated connection name in the leftmost column.

IPsec VPN Settings

Name

Active

Connect Upon Disconnection

Remote

Gateway IP

Address / Host

Name

Local Networks

This field is for specifying a local name to represent this connection profile.

When this box is checked, this IPsec VPN connection profile will be enabled. Otherwise, it will be disabled.

Check this box and select a WAN to connect to this VPN automatically when the specified WAN is disconnected.

Enter the remote peer’s public IP address. For Aggressive Mode, this is optional.

Enter the local LAN subnets here. If you have defined static routes, they will be shown here.

Using NAT, you can map a specific local network / IP address to another, and the packets received by remote gateway will appear to be coming from the mapped network / IP address. This allow you to establish IPsec connection to a remote site that has one or more subnets overlapped with local site.

Two types of NAT policies can be defined:

One-to-One NAT policy: if the defined subnet in Local Network and NAT Network has the same size, for example, policy "192.168.50.0/24 > 172.16.1.0/24" will translate the local IP address 192.168.50.10 to 172.16.1.10 and 192.168.50.20 to 172.16.1.20. This is a bidirectional mapping which means clients in remote site can initiate connection to the local clients using the mapped address too.

Many-to-One NAT policy: if the defined NAT Network on the right hand side is an IP address (or having a network prefix /32), for example, policy "192.168.1.0/24 > 172.168.50.1/32" will translate all clients in 192.168.1.0/24 network to

172.168.50.1. This is a unidirectional mapping which means clients in remote site will not be able to initiate connection to the local clients.

Remote

Networks

Authentication

Enter the LAN and subnets that are located at the remote site here.

To access your VPN, clients will need to authenticate by your choice of methods. Choose between the Preshared Key and X.509 Certificate methods of authentication.

Mode

Force UDP

Encapsulation

Pre-shared Key

Remote

Certificate (pem

encoded)

Local ID

Remote ID

Phase 1 (IKE)

Proposal

Choose Main Mode if both IPsec peers use static IP addresses. Choose Aggressive Mode if one of the IPsec peers uses dynamic IP addresses.

For forced UDP encapsulation regardless of NAT-traversal, tick this checkbox.

This defines the peer authentication pre-shared key used to authenticate this VPN connection. The connection will be up only if the pre-shared keys on each side match.

Available only when X.509 Certificate is chosen as the Authentication method, this field allows you to paste a valid X.509 certificate.

In Main Mode, this field can be left blank. In Aggressive Mode, if Remote Gateway IP Address is filled on this end and the peer end, this field can be left blank. Otherwise, this field is typically a U-FQDN.

In Main Mode, this allows setting up to six encryption standards, in descending order of priority, to be used in initial connection key negotiations. In Aggressive Mode, only one selection is permitted.

This is the Diffie-Hellman group used within IKE. This allows two parties to

Phase 1 DH

Group

Phase 1 SA

Lifetime

Phase 2 (ESP)

Proposal

Phase 2 PFS

Group

establish a shared secret over an insecure communications channel. The larger the group number, the higher the security.

Group 2: 1024-bit is the default value. Group 5: 1536-bit is the alternative option.

This setting specifies the lifetime limit of this Phase 1 Security Association. By default, it is set at 3600 seconds.

In Main Mode, this allows setting up to six encryption standards, in descending order of priority, to be used for the IP data that is being transferred. In Aggressive Mode, only one selection is permitted.

Perfect forward secrecy (PFS) ensures that if a key was compromised, the attacker will be able to access only the data protected by that key.

None - Do not request for PFS when initiating connection. However, since there is no valid reason to refuse PFS, the system will allow the connection to use PFS if requested by the remote peer. This is the default value.

Group 2: 1024-bit Diffie-Hellman group. The larger the group number, the higher the security.

Group 5: 1536-bit is the third option.

Phase 2 SA

Lifetime

WAN Connection

This setting specifies the lifetime limit of this Phase 2 Security Association. By default, it is set at 28800 seconds.

WAN Connection Priority

Select the appropriate WAN connection from the drop-down menu.

14 Outbound Policy Management

Pepwave routers can flexibly manage and load balance outbound traffic among WAN connections.

Important Note

Outbound policy is applied only when more than one WAN connection is active

The settings for managing and load balancing outbound traffic are located at Advanced>Outbound Policy or Advanced>PepVPN, depending on the model.

14.1 Outbound Policy

Outbound policies for managing and load balancing outbound traffic are located at Network>Outbound Policy> or Advanced>PepVPN>Outbound Policy.

There are three main selections for the outbound traffic policy:

● High Application Compatibility

● Normal Application Compatibility

● Custom

Note that some Pepwave routers provide only the Send All Traffic To setting here. See

Section 12.1 for details.

Outbound Policy Settings

High Application

Compatibility

Normal

Application

Compatibility

Custom

Outbound traffic from a source LAN device is routed through the same WAN connection regardless of the destination Internet IP address and protocol. This option provides the highest application compatibility.

Outbound traffic from a source LAN device to the same destination Internet IP address will be routed through the same WAN connection persistently, regardless of protocol. This option provides high compatibility to most applications, and users still benefit from WAN link load balancing when multiple Internet servers are accessed.

Outbound traffic behavior can be managed by defining rules in a custom rule table. A default rule can be defined for connections that cannot be matched with any of the rules.

The default policy is Normal Application Compatibility.

Tip

Want to know more about creating outbound rules? Visit our YouTube Channel for a video tutorial!

http://youtu.be/rKH4AS_bQnE

14.2 Custom Rules for Outbound Policy

Click in the Outbound Policy form. Choose Custom and press the Save button.

14.2.1 Algorithm: Weighted Balance

This setting specifies the ratio of WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP protocol and port. This setting is applicable only when Algorithm is set to Weighted Balance.

The amount of matching traffic that is distributed to a WAN connection is proportional to the weight of the WAN connection relative to the total weight. Use the sliders to change each WAN’s weight.

For example, with the following weight settings:

● Ethernet WAN1: 10

● Ethernet WAN2: 10

● Wi-Fi WAN: 10

● Cellular 1: 10

● Cellular 2: 10

● USB: 10 Total weight is 60 = (10 +10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10). Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60 x 100%. Matching traffic distributed to Ethernet WAN2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%. Matching traffic distributed to Wi-Fi WAN is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%. Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 1 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%. Matching traffic distributed to Cellular 2 is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%. Matching traffic distributed to USB is 16.7% = (10 / 60) x 100%.

14.2.2 Algorithm: Persistence

The configuration of persistent services is the solution to the few situations where link load

distribution for Internet services is undesirable. For example, for security reasons, many ebanking and other secure websites terminate the session when the client computer’s Internet IP address changes mid-session.

In general, different Internet IP addresses represent different computers. The security concern is that an IP address change during a session may be the result of an unauthorized intrusion attempt. Therefore, to prevent damages from the potential intrusion, the session is terminated upon the detection of an IP address change.

Pepwave routers can be configured to distribute data traffic across multiple WAN connections. Also, the Internet IP depends on the WAN connections over which communication actually takes place. As a result, a LAN client computer behind the Pepwave router may communicate using multiple Internet IP addresses. For example, a LAN client computer behind a Pepwave router with three WAN connections may communicate on the Internet using three different IP addresses.

With the persistence feature, rules can be configured to enable client computers to persistently utilize the same WAN connections for e-banking and other secure websites. As a result, a client computer will communicate using one IP address, eliminating the issues mentioned above.

There are two persistent modes: By Source and By Destination.

By Source:

By Destination:

The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule and originating from the same machine, regardless of its destination. This option will provide the highest level of application compatibility.

The same WAN connection will be used for traffic matching the rule, originating from the same machine, and going to the same destination. This option can better distribute loads to WAN connections when there are only a few client machines.

The default mode is By Source. When there are multiple client requests, they can be distributed (persistently) to WAN connections with a weight. If you choose Auto in Load Distribution, the weights will be automatically adjusted according to each WAN’s Downstream Bandwidth

which is specified in the WAN settings page). If you choose Custom, you can customize the weight of each WAN manually by using the sliders.

14.2.3 Algorithm: Enforced

This setting specifies the WAN connection usage to be applied on the specified IP protocol and port. This setting is applicable only when Algorithm is set to Enforced.

Matching traffic will be routed through the specified WAN connection, regardless of the health check status of the WAN connection. Starting from Firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be

enforced to go through a specified SpeedFusion

connection.

14.2.4 Algorithm: Priority

This setting specifies the priority of the WAN connections used to route the specified network service. The highest priority WAN connection available will always be used for routing the specified type of traffic. A lower priority WAN connection will be used only when all higher priority connections have become unavailable.

Starting from Firmware 5.2, outbound traffic can be prioritized to go through SpeedFusion

connection(s). By default, VPN connections are not included in the priority list.

Tip

Configure multiple distribution rules to accommodate different kinds of services.

14.2.5 Algorithm: Overflow

The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that has the highest priority and is not in full load. When this connection gets saturated, new sessions will be routed to the next healthy WAN connection that is not in full load.

Drag and drop to specify the order of WAN connections to be used for routing traffic. Only the highest priority healthy connection that is not in full load will be used.

14.2.6 Algorithm: Least Used

The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected in Connection and has the most available download bandwidth. The available download bandwidth of a WAN connection is calculated from the total download bandwidth specified on the WAN settings page and the current download usage. The available bandwidth and WAN selection is determined every time an IP session is made.

14.2.7 Algorithm: Lowest Latency

The traffic matching this rule will be routed through the healthy WAN connection that is selected

in Connection and has the lowest latency. Latency checking packets are issued periodically to a nearby router of each WAN connection to determine its latency value. The latency of a WAN is the packet round trip time of the WAN connection. Additional network usage may be incurred as a result.

Tip

The roundtrip time of a 6M down/640k uplink can be higher than that of a 2M down/2M up link because the overall round trip time is lengthened by its slower upload bandwidth, despite its higher downlink speed. Therefore, this algorithm is good for two scenarios:

● All WAN connections are symmetric; or

● A latency sensitive application must be routed through the lowest latency WAN, regardless of the WAN’s available bandwidth.

14.2.8 Expert Mode

Expert Mode is available on some Pepwave routers for use by advanced users. To enable the feature, click on the help icon and click turn on Expert

Mode

In Expert Mode, a new special rule, SpeedFusion the Custom Rules table. This rule represents all SpeedFusion learned from remote VPN peers. By default, this bar is on the top of all custom rules. This position means that traffic for remote VPN subnets will be routed to the corresponding VPN peer. You can create custom Priority or Enforced rules and move them

above the bar to override the SpeedFusion

Upon disabling Expert Mode, all rules above the bar will be removed.

routes.

Routes, is displayed in

routes

15 Inbound Access

15.1 Port Forwarding Service

Pepwave routers can act as a firewall that blocks, by default, all inbound access from the Internet. By using port forwarding, Internet users can access servers behind the Pepwave

router. Inbound port forwarding rules can be defined at Advanced>Port Forwarding.

To define a new service, click Add Service.

Port Forwarding Settings

This setting specifies whether the inbound service takes effect. When Enable is checked, the inbound service takes effect: traffic is matched and actions are taken by

Enable

Service Name

IP Protocol

the Pepwave router based on the other parameters of the rule. When this setting is disabled, the inbound service does not take effect: the Pepwave router disregards the other parameters of the rule.

This setting identifies the service to the system administrator. Valid values for this setting consist of only alphanumeric and underscore “_” characters.

The IP Protocol setting, along with the Port setting, specifies the protocol of the service as TCP, UDP, ICMP, or IP. Traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port(s) is forwarded to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting. Please see below for details on the Port and Servers settings. Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically fill in the protocol and a single port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP, HTTPS, etc.). After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the protocol and port number remain manually modifiable.

The Port setting specifies the port(s) that correspond to the service, and can be configured to behave in one of the following manners:

Any Port, Single Port, Port Range, Port Map, and Range Mapping

Any Port: all traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol is forwarded to the servers specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Any Port, all TCP traffic is forwarded to the

configured servers.

Single Port: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port is forwarded via the same port to the servers specified by the

Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port 80, TCP traffic received on port 80 is forwarded to the

configured servers via port 80.

Port Range: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at

Port

the specified port range is forwarded via the same respective ports to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Range and Service Ports 80-88, TCP traffic received on ports 80 through 88 is forwarded to the configured servers via the respective ports.

Inbound IP

Address(es)

Server IP

Address

Port Mapping: traffic that is received by Pepwave router via the specified protocol at

the specified port is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers setting.

For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Mapping, Service Port 80, and Map to Port 88, TCP traffic on port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via port 88.

(Please see below for details on the Servers setting.)

Range Mapping: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port range is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers setting.

This setting specifies the WAN connections and Internet IP address(es) from which the service can be accessed.

This setting specifies the LAN IP address of the server that handles the requests for the service.

15.1.1 UPnP / NAT-PMP Settings

UPnP and NAT-PMP are network protocols which allow a computer connected to the LAN port to automatically configure the router to allow parties on the WAN port to connect to itself. That way, the process of inbound port forwarding becomes automated.

When a computer creates a rule using these protocols, the specified TCP/UDP port of all WAN connections' default IP address will be forwarded.

Check the corresponding box(es) to enable UPnP and/or NAT-PMP. Enable these features only if you trust the computers connected to the LAN ports.

When the options are enabled, a table listing all the forwarded ports under these two protocols can be found at Status>UPnP / NAT-PMP.

16 NAT Mappings

NAT mappings allow IP address mapping of all inbound and outbound NAT’d traffic to and from an internal client IP address. Settings to configure NAT mappings are located at Advanced>NAT Mappings.

To add a rule for NAT mappings, click Add NAT Rule.

Note that inbound mapping is not needed for WAN connections in drop

in mode

NAT Mapping Settings

LAN

Client(s)

Address

Range

Network

Inbound

Mappings

NAT mapping rules can be defined for a single LAN IP Address, an IP Range, or an IP Network.

This refers to the LAN host’s private IP address. The system maps this address to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) in order to facilitate inbound and outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Address is selected.

The IP range is a contiguous group of private IP addresses used by the LAN host. The system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) to facilitate outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Range is selected.

The IP network refers to all private IP addresses and ranges managed by the LAN host. The system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) to facilitate outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Network is selected.

This setting specifies the WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP addresses on which the system should bind. Any access to the specified WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) will be forwarded to the LAN host. This option is only available when IP Address is selected in the LAN Client(s) field.

or IP forwarding mode. Also note that each WAN IP address can be associated to one NAT mapping only.

This setting specifies the WAN IP addresses that should be used when an IP connection is made from a LAN host to the Internet. Each LAN host in an IP range or IP network will be evenly mapped to one of each selected WAN's IP addresses (for better IP address utilization) in a persistent manner (for better

Outbound

Mappings

application compatibility).

Note that if you do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses, you should still choose default here, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section. Also note that WAN connections in drop-in mode or IP forwarding mode are not shown here.

Click Save to save the settings when configuration has been completed.

Important Note

Inbound firewall rules override the Inbound Mappings settings.

17 QoS

17.1 User Groups

LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups: Manager, Staff, and Guest. This menu allows you to define rules and assign client IP addresses or subnets to a user group. You can apply different bandwidth and traffic prioritization policies on each user group in the Bandwidth Control and Application sections (note that the options available here vary by model).

The table is automatically sorted by rule precedence. The smaller and more specific subnets are put towards the top of the table and have higher precedence; larger and less specific subnets are placed towards the bottom.

Click the Add button to define clients and their user group. Click the button to remove the defined rule. Two default rules are pre-defined and put at the bottom. They are All DHCP

reservation clients and Everyone, and they cannot be removed. The All DHCP reservation client represents the LAN clients defined in the DHCP Reservation table on the LAN settings

page. Everyone represents all clients that are not defined in any rule above. Click on a rule to change its group.

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