Photon Focus MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2-12, MV3-D640I-M01-144-CL User Manual

Photonfocus

MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2 Camera Series

CMOS camera with Gigabit Ethernet interface

MAN076 09/2017 V1.0

All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by Photonfocus AG for its use. Photonfocus AG reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice.

Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from Photonfocus AG.

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Contents

1 Preface 7

1.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.2 About Photonfocus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.3 Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.4 Sales Ofﬁces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.5 Further information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.6 Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2 Introduction 11

2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.2 Camera Naming Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2.3 Camera list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

3 Product Speciﬁcation 13

3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3.2 Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.3 Technical Speciﬁcation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

3.3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3.3.2 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3.3.3 Spectral Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4 Image Acquisition 19

4.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.1 Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.2 Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4.1.3 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Control Parameters . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.1.4 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.1.5 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.2 Acquisition Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.2.1 Acquisition Start and Stop Commands, Acquisition Mode and Acquisition

Frame Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

4.2.2 Acquisition Frame Rate and Acquisition Frame Rate Enable . . . . . . . . . . 22

4.2.3 Acquisition Start Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

4.2.4 Acquisition End Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

4.2.5 Acquisition Control Output Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

4.3 Frame Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

4.3.1 Frame Start Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

4.3.2 Frame Burst Start Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4.3.3 Frame Burst End Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.3.4 Frame Control Output Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.4 Exposure Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4.4.1 Exposure Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

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4.4.2 Exposure Start Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4.4.3 Exposure End Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4.4.4 Exposure Control Output Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

4.5 Overlapped Image Acquisition Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.6 Acquisition-, Frame- and Exposure-Trigger Conﬁguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

4.6.1 Trigger Source Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

4.6.2 Trigger Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

4.6.3 Trigger Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.6.4 Trigger Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.6.5 Trigger Divider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.6.6 Trigger Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.7 Software Signal Pulse and User Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5 Counter & Timer 35

5.1 Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

5.1.1 Counter Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

5.1.2 Counter Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

5.1.3 Counter Active, -Start and -End Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

5.1.4 Counter Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

5.1.5 Counter Event Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

5.1.6 Counter Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

5.1.7 Counter Reset Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5.2 Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

5.2.1 Timer Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

5.2.2 Timer Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.2.3 Timer Active, -Start and -End Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.2.4 Timer Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.2.5 Timer Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

6 I/O Control 43

6.1 Input Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

6.2 Output Signal Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

7 Image Format Control 47

7.1 Region of Interest (ROI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

7.2 Multiple Regions of Interest (MROI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

8 Frame Rate 51

8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

8.2 Read-out Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

8.3 Common parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

8.4 Sequential Read-out Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

8.5 Interleave Read-out Timing 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

8.6 Interleave Read-out Timing 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

8.7 MROI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

8.8 Maximum Frame Rate Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

9 Pixel Data Processing 55

9.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

9.2 Image Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.2 Offset Correction (FPN, Hot Pixels) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

9.2.3 Gain Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

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9.2.4 Hot and cold pixel correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

9.2.5 Corrected Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

9.2.6 Correction Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

9.3 Gain and Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.4.1 Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

9.4.2 Gamma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

9.4.3 User-deﬁned Look-up Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

9.4.4 Region LUT and LUT Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

9.5 Binning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.5.1 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.5.2 Camera settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.6 Crosshairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.6.1 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

9.7 Status Line and Image Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

9.7.1 Image Average Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

9.7.2 Status Line Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

9.7.3 Camera Type Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.8 Test Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.8.1 Ramp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.8.2 LFSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9.8.3 Troubleshooting using the LFSR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

10 Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) 77

10.1 TEC Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

11 Precautions 79

11.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

12 Hardware Interface 83

12.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

12.2 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

12.3 GigE Camera Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

12.4 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

12.5 Status Indicator (GigE cameras) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

12.6 I/O Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

12.6.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

12.6.2 Single-ended Line Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

12.6.3 Single-ended Line Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

12.6.4 Master / Slave Camera Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

12.6.5 I/O Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

13 Miscellaneous 95

13.1 Mechanical Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

13.1.1 MV3 cameras with GigE Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

13.2 Optical Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

13.2.1 Cleaning the Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

13.3 Temperature Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

14 Troubleshooting 99

14.1 No images can be acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

14.1.1 No acquisition due to no triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

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15 Standards Compliance 101

15.1 Directives and General Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

15.2 Country-speciﬁc Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

15.2.1 For customers in the USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

15.2.2 For customers in Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

15.2.3 Pour utilisateurs au Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

15.3 Life support applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

16 Warranty 103

16.1 Warranty Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

16.2 Warranty Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

16.3 Breach of Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

17 Support and Repair 105

17.1 Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

17.2 Repair and obtaining an RMA Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

17.3 Temporal Abandoning and Scrapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

18 References 107

A Pinouts 109

A.1 Power Supply Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

A.2 GigE Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

B Camera Timing 113

B.1 Timed Exposure Mode Camera Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

C Use Cases 115

C.1 Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

C.1.1 Camera runs in "free-running" mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

C.1.2 Camera runs in "constant frame rate" mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

C.1.3 Camera runs in triggered mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

C.1.4 Camera runs in burst triggered mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

C.1.5 Triggered controlled exposure mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

C.2 Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

C.2.1 Strobe Signal Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

C.3 Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

C.3.1 Counter Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

C.3.2 Image Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

C.3.3 Real Time Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

C.3.4 Missed Trigger Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

D Document Revision History 121

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Preface

1.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE!

READ THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE BEFORE

OPERATING THE CAMERA

STORE THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE FOR

1.2 About Photonfocus

The Swiss company Photonfocus is one of the leading specialists in the development of CMOS image sensors and corresponding industrial cameras for machine vision.

Photonfocus is dedicated to making the latest generation of CMOS technology commercially available. Active Pixel Sensor (APS) and global shutter technologies enable high speed and high dynamic range (120 dB) applications, while avoiding disadvantages like image lag, blooming and smear.

Photonfocus’ product range is complemented by custom design solutions in the area of camera electronics and CMOS image sensors.

Photonfocus is ISO 9001 certiﬁed. All products are produced with the latest techniques in order to ensure the highest degree of quality.

1.3 Contact

Photonfocus AG, Bahnhofplatz 10, CH-8853 Lachen SZ, Switzerland

Sales Phone: +41 55 451 00 00 Email: sales@photonfocus.com

Support Phone: +41 55 451 00 00 Email: support@photonfocus.com

Table 1.1: Photonfocus Contact

1.4 Sales Ofﬁces

Photonfocus products are available through an extensive international distribution network and through our key account managers. Contact us via email at sales@photonfocus.com.

1.5 Further information

Photonfocus reserves the right to make changes to its products and documentation without notice. Photonfocus products are neither intended nor certiﬁed for use in life support systems or in other critical systems. The use of Photonfocus products in such applications is prohibited.

Photonfocus and LinLog®are registered trademarks of Photonfocus AG. CameraLink®and GigE Vision®are a registered mark of the Automated Imaging Association. Product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.

Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from Photonfocus AG.

Photonfocus can not be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors.

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1.6 Legend

In this documentation the reader’s attention is drawn to the following icons:

Important note, additional information

Important instructions

General warning, possible component damage hazard

Warning, electric shock hazard

Warning, ﬁre hazard

1.6 Legend

MAN076 09/2017 V1.0 9 of 121

1 Preface

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M V 3 - D 6 4 0 I - M 0 1 - 1 4 4 - G 2 - 1 2

P r e f i x 1

P r e f i x 2

S e n s o r w i d t h

C a m e r a

s p e e d

I n t e r f a c e t y p e

I n t e r f a c e

r e s o l u t i o n

S e n s o r M a n u f a c t u r e r

S e n s o r

F a m i l y

S e n s o r

T y p e

Introduction

2.1 Introduction

This manual describes standard Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2-12 camera that has a Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) interface. The abbreviated name MV3-D640I-M01 is used in most parts of this manual. The camera contains the SNAKE SW InGaAs sensor from Sofradir.

2.2 Camera Naming Convention

The naming convention of the MV3-D640I-M01 camera is summarized in Fig. 2.1.

Figure 2.1: Camera naming convention

Preﬁx1 Camera platform and usage preﬁx. The following preﬁx applies to this camera: MV3

Preﬁx2 Camera family speciﬁer. The following speciﬁers are used in this manual: "D":

standard digital area scan cameras

Sensor width Width of image sensor of the camera.

Sensor Type "I": NIR / SWIR type sensor.

Sensor Manufacturer Sensor manufacturer. "M": Sofradir

Sensor Family Sensor family of the prior indicated manufacturer. "01": Snake series

Camera speed The camera speed is usually the product of the camera interface clock in MHz

and the number of parallel interface channels (taps).

Interface type Interface type speciﬁcation: "G2": Gigabit Ethernet (GigE Vision)®.

Interface resolution Maximal resolution (bit width) of the camera interface.

2.3 Camera list

A list of all cameras covered in this manual is shown in Table 2.1.

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2 Introduction

Name Resolution Frame Rate Notes

MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2-12 640 x 512 300 fps

Gigabit Ethernet SWIR standard camera.

Table 2.1: Camera models covered by this manual (Footnotes:1)frame rate at full resolution)

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Product Speciﬁcation

3.1 Introduction

The Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01 camera series is built around the CMOS InGaAs image sensor Snake SW from Sofradir, that provides a resolution of 640 x 512 pixels. The cameras are aimed at applications in industrial image processing where high sensitivity within the SWIR band from

0.9 to 1.7 µm are required.

The principal advantages are:

• Resolution of 640x512 pixels

• Optimized for high sensitivity, low noise and low dark current

• Spectral range: SWIR from 900 - 1700 nm

• Global shutter

• Gigabit Ethernet interface, GigE Vision and GenICam compliant

• Frame rates of 300 fps at maximal resolution

• I/O capabilities: 2 isolated inputs and 2 isolated outputs

• Up to 512 regions of interest (MROI)

• 2 look-up tables (12-to-8 bit) on user-deﬁned image region (Region-LUT)

• Crosshairs overlay on the image

• Image information and camera settings inside the image (status line)

• Image Binning

• Thermoelectric cooling of the image sensor to stabilize the sensor temperature and avoid temperature drifts.

• Software provided for setting and storage of camera parameters

• The rugged housing at a compact size with integrated TEC modul of 60 x 60 x 59.3 mm makes the Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01-G2 camera the perfect solution for applications in which space is at a premium.

The general speciﬁcation and features of the camera are listed in the following sections.

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3 Product Speciﬁcation

Figure 3.1: Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2 GigE interface camera

14 of 121 MAN076 09/2017 V1.0

3.2 Feature Overview

The general speciﬁcation and features of the camera are listed in the following sections. The detailed description of the camera features is given in the following chapters.

Characteristics Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01 GigE Series

Interface Gigabit Ethernet (PoE), GigE Vision and GenICam compliant

Camera Control GigE Vision Suite

Trigger Modes Software Trigger / External isolated trigger inputs

• Greyscale resolution 12bit / 10 bit / 8 bit

• Region of Interest (ROI)

• Up to 512 regions of interest (MROI)

• 2 look-up tables (12-to-8 bit) on user-deﬁned image region (Region-LUT)

Features

• Binning

• Test pattern (LFSR and grey level ramp)

• Image information and camera settings inside the image (status line)

• Crosshairs overlay on the image

• Opto isolated trigger inputs and opto isolated strobe outputs

• Sensor Non-Uniformitiy Correction

• Termoelectric cooling (TEC)

Table 3.1: Feature overview

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3 Product Speciﬁcation

3.3 Technical Speciﬁcation

Sensor Manufacturer / Type Sofradir / Snake SW

Technology CMOS active pixel, InGaAs

Optical format / diagonal 1 / 1.7” (12.3 mm diagonal)

Resolution 640 x 512 pixels

Pixel size 15 µm x 15 µm

Active optical area 9.6 mm x 7.68 mm

Dark current 30 fA @ 0.2V detector bias

Read out noise < 30 e

Full well capacity / SNR 1.44 Me−/ 1200:1

Spectral range 900 nm to 1700 nm

Responsivity TBD x 103DN (J/m2) @ TBD nm / 8bit

Quantum Efﬁciency > 70% from 1 µm to 1.6 µm

Optical ﬁll factor 95 %

Dynamic range TBD dB

Micro lenses no

Shutter mode Global shutter

Characteristic curve Linear

ADC Bit Depth 12 bit

Maximal frame rate

Camera pixel formats 12 / 10 / 8 bit

Analog gain no

Digital gain 0.1 to 15.99 (Fine Gain)

Exposure time range 11 µs ... 0.46 s

Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01 GigE Series

−

300 fps

Table 3.2: General speciﬁcation of the Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01-G2 camera series (Footnotes:1)at full resolution)

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3.3 Technical Speciﬁcation

Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01 GigE Series

Interface Gigabit Ethernet interface, GigE Vision and GenICam compliant

Operating temperature / moisture 0°C ... 50°C / 20 ... 80 %

Storage temperature / moisture -25°C ... 60°C / 20 ... 95 %

Trigger signal input range +5 .. +15 V DC

Camera power supply +12 V DC (± 10 %)

Maximal power consumption < 6 W (without TEC)

Lens mount C-Mount, CS-Mount (optional)

I/O Inputs2 2x isolated

I/O Outputs 2x isolated

Dimensions 60 x 60 x 59.3 mm

Mass 420 g

Connector I/O Fischer Connectors DBPLU1031Z012|130G

Connector Interface X-coded M12

Conformity RoHS / WEEE

IP Code IP40

Table 3.3: Physical characteristics and operating ranges of the MV3-D640I-M01-G2 camera series

3.3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Value

Camera Control Input Signal Voltage Single Ended -0 V ... +24 V

Camera Control Output Signal Voltage Single Ended 0 V ... +24 V

Camera Control Output Signal Output Current Single Ended 0.5 A

Camera Control Output Signal Output Power Single Ended 0.35 W

ESD Contact Discharge Camera Control Signals 4 kV

ESD Air Discharge Camera Control Signals 8 kV

Fast Transients/Bursts Data and Camera Control Signals 1 kV

Surge immunity Data and Camera Control Signals 1 kV

Table 3.4: Absolute Maximum Ratings

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3 Product Speciﬁcation

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800

Wavelength [nm]

Sofradir Snake

3.3.2 Electrical Characteristics

Parameter Value

Camera Control Input Single Ended +5 V ... +20 V

Table 3.5: Electrical Characteristics

3.3.3 Spectral Response

Fig. 3.2 shows the quantum efﬁciency curve of the Snake SW sensors from Sofradir measured in the wavelength range from 900 nm to 1800 nm.

Figure 3.2: Quantum efﬁciency (QE) [%] of the Snake SW image sensors

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C o u n t e r / T i m e r

S i g n a l R o u t i n g

I / O C o n t r o l

A c q u i s i t i o n C o n t r o l

F r a m e C o n t r o l

E x p o s u r e C o n t r o l

S o f t w a r e S i g n a l P u l s e & U s e r O u t p u t

L i n e I n

L E D

L i n e O u t

Image Acquisition

This chapter gives detailed information about the controlling of the image acquisition. It shows how the camera can be triggered or run in free-running mode, and how the frame rate can be conﬁgured.

The structure offers a lot of ﬂexibility in the conﬁguration. It follows the GenICam naming convention. Typical camera conﬁgurations are included in the chapter "Use Cases" in the Appendix C.

4.1 Overview

The overview shows the major camera elements which are involved in the image acquisition. The section starts with a description of the vocabulary and terms, which are used to explain the acquisition related features.

4.1.1 Vocabulary

An acquisition is composed of one or many frames. A frame is a single acquired image which consists of an exposure time and an image read out. A burst of frame is deﬁned as a capture of a group of one or many frames within an acquisition. So an acquisition can be grouped in N single frames or N burst of frames.

4.1.2 Structure

The camera contains a block that controls the image acquisition which contains the sub-blocks for acquisition control, frame control and exposure control. Furthermore there are a controller blocks of I/O signals, counters, timers and software interface. All of these elements can be connected through an interconnection, which allows to control the image acquisition by digital input signals, by counters, by timers and/or software access.

Figure 4.1: Structure

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4 Image Acquisition

Acquisition Control The acquisition control block takes care of the acquisition function. The

camera can only capture frames, when the acquisition has been started and is active (see Section 4.2 for more information).

Frame Control The frame control block takes care of the capturing of one or many frames and

burst of frames (see Section 4.3 for more information).

Exposure Control The exposure control block takes care of the exposure time of a frame (see

Section 4.4 for more information).

Counter The camera has four independent counters. They count events from a selectable

source (see Section 5.1 for more information about counter conﬁguration and usage).

Timer The camera has four independent timers. A timer delay and duration are conﬁgurable

and the timers are triggered by a selectable source (see Section 5.2 for more information about timer conﬁguration and usage).

I/O Control The I/O control unit manages physical camera inputs and outputs and LED. A

switch matrix within this block allows connecting internal status signals to the output lines or LED. Status signals can come from the acquisition, frame or exposure control block, also from timer or counter, or even input lines can be routed to an output. The input lines can be used to control the acquisition, frame and/or exposure, also to start a timer or count events with a counter (see Chapter 6 for more information).

Software Signal Pulse and User Output The camera has user outputs, which can be set to 1 or

0 by software access, and a software signal pulse generator block (see Section 4.7). These user outputs and signal pulses can be used to control camera functions by software access, such like acquisition and frame capture or counter and timer.

Signal Routing All these elements are connected to each other by the signal routing block. The

following sections show which signals are available and how they can be used in the others blocks.

4.1.3 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Control Parameters

Mainly the following commands/settings are involved in order to control and conﬁgure the camera acquisition and frame capturing:

• Acquisition Start and Stop Command

• Acquisition Mode (Single Frame, Multi Frame, Continuous Frame)

• Acquisition Frame Count

• Acquisition Frame Burst Count

• Acquisition Frame Rate

• Exposure Mode (Timed, Trigger Controlled)

• Exposure Time

This list shows only an overview of available parameters. The function and usage of them are explained in the following chapters.

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4.2 Acquisition Control

4.1.4 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Trigger

The camera can run in "free-running" mode, which means that it captures images automatically in full frame rate once the acquisition has been started. However the acquisition and image capturing can be controlled by triggers. For this purposes, there are seven triggers available:

• Acquisition Start Trigger

• Acquisition End Trigger

• Frame Start Trigger

• Frame Burst Start Trigger

• Frame Burst End Trigger

• Exposure Start Trigger

• Exposure End Trigger

The source of these trigger can be set for every trigger individually; it can come from an external line, an internally generated pulse from the counters or timers or from a pulse generated by a software command. Each of these triggers can be switched on or off individually. The camera generates the triggers pulses internally, which are switched off. The following sections (Acquisition, Frame & Exposure Control) show the usage of these triggers.

Each trigger has its own source signal processing path. Section 4.6 gives more information about the conﬁguration.

4.1.5 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Status

The following list shows the acquisition, frame and exposure related status signals:

• Acquisition Trigger Wait

• Acquisition Active

• Frame Trigger Wait

• Frame Active

• Exposure Active

These status signals are used within the camera to control the camera timing. The current state of these signals can be read out by software. Furthermore it can be connected to an output line or LED through the I/O control block (see Chapter 6), which allows to track the status from an external device. The timing of these signals are explained in the following sections.

4.2 Acquisition Control

4.2.1 Acquisition Start and Stop Commands, Acquisition Mode and Acquisition Frame Count

The camera can only capture frames when the acquisition is started. The acquisition start command, which is executed by the software, starts the acquisition and prepares the camera to acquire frames. The acquisition is stopped, when the acquisition stop command is executed or depending on the acquisition mode parameter - a certain number of frames is captured. Following acquisition mode parameters are available:

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4 Image Acquisition

A c q u i s i t i o n C o n t r o l

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r

A c q u i s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d

A c q u i s i t i o n T r i g g e r

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( )

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d ( )

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

F r a m e 1 F r a m e 2 . . . . F r a m e N

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( )

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

F r a m e A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f E x p o s u r e M o d e = T i m e d

Figure 4.2: Acquisition Control Block

Acquisition Mode = Single Frame When the acquisition is started, the camera stops the

acquisition automatically as soon as one frame has been captured. To capture another frame, the acquisition start command needs to be performed again.

Acquisition Mode = Multi Frame When the acquisition is started the camera stops the

acquisition automatically after a certain number of frames, which are deﬁned by acquisition frame count parameter, or when the acquisition stop command is executed.

Acquisition Mode = Continuous Frame When the acquisition is started the camera captures

images continuously until the acquisition stop command is executed.

4.2.2 Acquisition Frame Rate and Acquisition Frame Rate Enable

With frame start trigger mode=off (see Section 4.3.1) and frame burst start trigger mode=off (see Section 4.3.2), and when exposure mode is set to "timed" (see Section 4.4.1), the camera generates frame start triggers internally according to the acquisition frame rate enable and acquisition frame rate conﬁguration:

Acquisition Frame Rate Enable = off The camera runs in the "free-running" mode. It means

frame start triggers are generated internally as soon as the camera is ready to start a new image capture. The frame rate is deﬁned by the exposure time and the ROI settings (see Chapter 8).

Acquisition Frame Rate Enable = on The camera generates frame start triggers internally

according to the acquisition frame rate conﬁguration. See Chapter 8 for more information about the range of supported frame rates.

Fig. 4.3 shows the procedure of a capture of N frames. The modes of acquisition start trigger, frame start trigger and frame burst start trigger is set to off and the exposure mode is timed. Once an acquisition start command has been executed, the camera starts capturing frames until the acquisition stop command is received.

Figure 4.3: Free-running Image Capture, when Acquisition Start and End Trigger Mode is Off

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4.2 Acquisition Control

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r 1

A c q u s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )

A c q u s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( )

F r a m e 1 F r a m e 2 . . . . F r a m e N

F r a m e A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O n A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r M o d e = O n F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f E x p o s u r e M o d e = T i m e d

4.2.3 Acquisition Start Trigger

The acquisition start trigger can be used to control the acquisition start procedure. The main property of this trigger is the trigger mode. It can be set to on or off:

Acquisition Start Trigger Mode = on As soon as the acquisition is started by executing of the

acquisition start command, the camera goes into the state "Acquisition Trigger Wait". In this state, the camera can’t start capturing images; it waits for an acquisition start trigger. As soon as the trigger has been received, the camera goes then into the state "Acquisition Active" and is ready to capture frames.

Acquisition Start Trigger Trigger Mode = off As soon as the acquisition is started by executing

of the acquisition start command, the camera goes immediately into state "Acquisition Active" and is ready to capture frames.

Fig. 4.4 shows an example when the trigger mode of the acquisition start trigger is on. The acquisition status goes to acquisition trigger wait once an acquisition start command has been executed. As soon as an acquisition start trigger has been arrived, the acquisition status goes to acquisition active.

Figure 4.4: Free-running Image Capture, when Acquisition Start and End Trigger Mode is On

4.2.4 Acquisition End Trigger

The acquisition end trigger can be used to control the acquisition end procedure. The main property of this trigger is the trigger mode. It can be set to on or off:

Acquisition End Trigger Mode = on When the acquisition status is "Acquisition Active", it goes

to "Acquisition Trigger Wait" as soon as an acquisition end trigger has been received. The camera stops capturing images and waits until an acquisition start trigger has been issued again.

Acquisition End Trigger Mode = off The acquisition end triggers are ignored and the

acquisition status remains active until an acquisition stop command has been executed or the certain amount of frames has been captured, depending on the acquisition mode parameter (see Section 4.2.1)

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4 Image Acquisition

F r a m e C o n t r o l

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r

F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

F r a m e S t a r t

F r a m e E n d

F r a m e B u r s t E n d T r i g g e r

F r a m e T r i g g e r

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t

F r a m e B u r s t E n d

4.2.5 Acquisition Control Output Signals

The acquisition control block has the following output signals:

Acquisition Trigger Wait An asserted acquisition trigger wait indicates, that the acquisition

control is waiting for an acquisition start trigger (see Section 4.2.3).

Acquisition Active Acquisition active is a status signal, which is asserted, when the acquisition

has been started and deasserted, when the acquisition is stopped.

Acquisition Start The acquisition start is an event, which is generated, when the acquisition is

started.

Acquisition End The acquisition end is an event, which is generated, when the acquisition is

stopped.

Acquisition Trigger The acquisition trigger is an event, which is generated, when the

acquisition is started by the acquisition start trigger (see Section 4.2.3).

Acquisition trigger wait and acquisition active status signal are routed to the I/O control block and can there be selected for output on the physical output line or on one of the available leds (see Chapter 6). Acquisition start, acquisition end and acquisition trigger event can be used to trigger or to control other function in the camera, like counter or timer.

4.3 Frame Control

Figure 4.5: Frame Control Block

As soon as the acquisition is active the camera is ready to capture frames, which is controlled by the frame control block. The behaviour depends on the frame start trigger, frame burst start trigger and frame burst end trigger conﬁguration.

4.3.1 Frame Start Trigger

The frame start trigger can be used to start a single frame capture. The main property of this trigger is the trigger mode. It can be set to on or off:

Frame Start Trigger Mode = on As soon as a frame start trigger has been received, a capture of

one frame will be started and the frame status goes to "Frame Active". Once one frame has been processed, that camera status goes to "Frame Trigger Wait" again. The camera is ready to process frame start triggers, when the acquisition is active, showed by the "Acquisition Active" status, and when the "Frame Trigger Wait" status is asserted.

Frame Start Trigger Mode = off The frame start triggers are ignored.

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4.3 Frame Control

F r a m e 1 . . . . F r a m e N

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r 2

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r N

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( )

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O n F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f E x p o s u r e M o d e = T i m e d

The camera runs in free-running mode when the mode of both triggers, the frame start trigger and frame burst start trigger, is set to off and the exposure mode is set to "Timed" (see Section 4.4.1 for more information about the exposure mode).

Fig. 4.6 shows the procedure of a single frame capture started with a frame start trigger. The acquisition start trigger mode is off, so the camera waits for a frame start trigger once the acquisition command has been executed. Every receiving frame start trigger starts a capture of one single frame.

Figure 4.6: Triggered Image Acquisition of single Frames

4.3.2 Frame Burst Start Trigger

The frame burst start trigger can be used to start a burst of frame capture. The main property of this trigger is the trigger mode. It can be set to on or off:

Frame Burst Start Trigger Mode = on As soon as a frame burst start trigger has been received,

a capture of a burst of frames has been started and the frame status goes to "Frame Active". The number of frames is deﬁned by the "Acquisition Burst Frame Count" value. The camera goes to "Frame Trigger Wait" again, when the conﬁgured number of burst frames has been captured. The camera is ready to process a frame burst start trigger, when the acquisition is active, showed by the "Acquisition Active" status, and when the "Frame Trigger Wait" status is asserted. The frame rate of a burst sequence is conﬁgured by the acquisition frame rate value and the acquisition frame rate enable conﬁguration (see Section 4.2.2 for more information)

Frame Burst Start Trigger Mode = off The frame burst start triggers are ignored. No capturing

of burst of frames is started.

It is possible to set both, the mode of frame start trigger and frame burst start trigger, to on. In this case, the camera starts a single frame or a burst of frame capture, depending which trigger arrives ﬁrst.

Fig. 4.7 shows the procedure of a burst of frame and single frame capture. The Acquisition start and end trigger mode is on. So the camera waits for an acquisition trigger once the acquisition command has been executed. During this period any frame burst start or frame

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4 Image Acquisition

F r a m e 1 . . . . F r a m e N

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )

A c q u s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( )

F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e B u r s t E n d T r i g g e r 1 ( o p t i o n a l )

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

F r a m e 1

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O n A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r M o d e = O n F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O n F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O n E x p o s u r e M o d e = T i m e d

start triggers are ignored. As soon as an acquisition start trigger has been received, the camera waits for frame triggers. It can be a frame start trigger or a frame burst start trigger. Depending which trigger - frame start or frame burst start - arrives ﬁrst, the camera starts a single frame or burst of frame acquisition.

Figure 4.7: Triggered Acquisition of a Burst of Frame and of a single Frame

4.3.3 Frame Burst End Trigger

The frame burst end trigger can be used to abort a current running burst capturing cycle. The main property of this trigger is the trigger mode. It can be set to on or off:

Frame Burst End Trigger Mode = on The frame burst end trigger is processed only, when burst

acquisition cycle is active. Once this trigger has been received, it waits, until the current frame has been processed and then aborts the burst cycle. The camera status goes to "Frame Trigger Wait" again.

Frame Burst End Trigger Mode = off The frame burst end triggers are ignored.

The value "Acquisition Burst Frame Count" is ignored when the mode of the frame burst end trigger is set to on. It means, when a burst capture has been started, the camera captures frames until a frame burst end trigger arrives.

4.3.4 Frame Control Output Signals

The frame control block has the following output signals:

Frame Trigger Wait An asserted frame trigger wait indicates, that the frame control is waiting

for a frame start trigger (see Section 4.3.1), frame burst start trigger (see Section 4.3.2) or an exposure start trigger (see Section 4.4.2).

Frame Active An asserted frame active signal indicates, that one or more frames are being

captured.

Frame Start The frame start is an event, which is generated, when a new frame starts.

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4.4 Exposure Control

E x p o s u r e C o n t r o l

E x p o s u r e S t a r t T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e E n d T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e A c t i v e

E x p o s u r e S t a r t

E x p o s u r e E n d

Frame End The frame end is an event, which is generated, when a frame is ﬁnished.

Frame Burst Start The frame burst start is an event, which is generated, when a new burst of

frame starts.

Frame Burst End The frame burst end is an event, which is generated, when a burst of frame is

ﬁnished.

Frame Trigger The frame trigger is an event, which is generated, when a frame is started by a

frame start trigger (see Section 4.3.1), by a frame burst start trigger (see Section 4.3.2) or by an exposure start trigger (see Section 4.4.2).

Frame trigger wait and frame active status signal are routed to the I/O control block and can there be selected for output on the physical output line or on one of the available leds. Frame start, frame end and frame trigger event can be used to trigger or to control other function in the camera, like counter and timer.

4.4 Exposure Control

Figure 4.8: Exposure Control Block

A frame consists of an exposure cycle and an image read out. The exposure control block takes care of the exposure cycle. The camera has two modes of exposure time operations, which are deﬁned by the exposure mode settings:

• Timed Exposure

• Trigger Controlled Exposure

4.4.1 Exposure Mode

The exposure mode conﬁguration deﬁnes, if the exposure time is controlled by the exposure time registers or by the by triggers. Following conﬁgurations are available:

Timed Exposure The exposure time is deﬁned by the exposure time register. The value will

determine the exposure time for each frame.

Trigger Controlled Exposure The exposure time is controller by exposure start and exposure

end triggers (see Section 4.4.2 and Section 4.4.3 for more information).

4.4.2 Exposure Start Trigger

The exposure start trigger is used to start an exposure.

Exposure Start Trigger Mode = on As soon as a exposure start trigger has been received, the

camera starts with the exposure cycle, which is showed by the "Exposure Active" status. The exposure remains until an exposure end trigger has been received (see Section 4.4.3). The camera is ready to process exposure start triggers, when the acquisition is active, showed by the "Acquisition Active" status, and when the "Frame Trigger Wait" status is asserted.

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4 Image Acquisition

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

F r a m e A c t i v e F r a m e T r i g g e r

W a i t

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( ) A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )

E x p o s u r e 1 R e a d O u t 1

F r a m e 1

E x p o s u r e S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

E x p o s u r e E n d T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e A c t i v e

E x p o s u r e 2 R e a d O u t 2

F r a m e 2

E x p o s u r e S t a r t T r i g g e r 2

E x p o s u r e E n d T r i g g e r 2

E x p o s u r e A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r M o d e = O f f E x p o s u r e M o d e = T r i g g e r C o n t r o l l e d

Exposure Start Trigger Mode = off The exposure start triggers are ignored.

The exposure start trigger is only available, when the exposure mode is set to "trigger controlled". The camera sets the trigger modes of this trigger automatically to on, when the exposure mode is set to "trigger controlled" and vice versa to off when the exposure mode is set to "timed".

4.4.3 Exposure End Trigger

The exposure end trigger is used to terminate an exposure active exposure cycle.

Exposure End Trigger Mode = on An activated exposure cycle will be terminated and the

image read out will be started, as soon as an exposure end trigger has been received. The "Exposure Active" status goes to inactive. Exposure end triggers are only processed, when an exposure start trigger has started a trigger controlled exposure cycle previously.

Exposure End Trigger Mode = off The exposure end triggers are ignored.

The exposure end trigger is only available, when the exposure mode is set to "trigger controlled". The camera sets the trigger modes of this trigger automatically to on, when the exposure mode is set to "trigger controlled" and vice versa to off when the exposure mode is set to "timed".

Fig. 4.9 shows procedure of a trigger controlled exposure mode. The Acquisition start trigger mode is off. The camera goes directly into status "Frame Trigger Wait" once the acquisition status has been executed. An exposure of a new frame is started as soon as an exposure start trigger has been received. The exposure ends with an exposure end trigger.

Figure 4.9: Trigger Controlled Exposure Mode

4.4.4 Exposure Control Output Signals

The frame control block has the following output signals:

Exposure Active An asserted exposure active signal indicates, that a exposure time of a current

frame is active.

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4.5 Overlapped Image Acquisition Timing

E x p o s u r e 1 R e a d O u t 1

F r a m e 1

E x p o s u r e 2 R e a d O u t 2

F r a m e 2

E x p o s u r e N R e a d O u t N

F r a m e N

A c q u i s i t i o n A c t i v e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r 1

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r 2

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r N

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u s i t i o n T r i g g e r W a i t

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t ( ) A c q u i s i t i o n S t o p ( )

F r a m e A c t i v e

F r a m e T r i g g e r W a i t

Exposure Start The exposure start is an event, which is generated, when a new exposure time

has been started.

Exposure End The exposure end is an event, which is generated, when a currently running

exposure time is ﬁnished.

Exposure active status signal is routed to the I/O control block and can there be selected for output on the physical output line or on one of the available leds. Exposure start and exposure end event can be used to trigger or to control other function in the camera, like acquisition, frame and exposure control or counter and timer.

4.5 Overlapped Image Acquisition Timing

The camera is able to perform an overlapped image acquisition. It means, a new exposure can be started during the image readout of the previous image. Fig. 4.10 shows an image acquisition procedure when images are captured in overlapped mode. The status "Frame Active" remains active during the acquisition of the three frames since there is no gap between two frames. The "Frame Trigger Wait" is asserted during the frame read out in order to indicate, that a new exposure can be started.

All examples in the previous sections show a non overlapping frame timing. A new frame is always started after the previous image read out has been ﬁnished. All these examples work also in the overlap mode. It doesn’t show the overlap mode in order to simplify the diagrams.

The overlapped image acquisition is not available, when the triggered controlled exposure mode is conﬁgured.

Figure 4.10: Overlapped Image acquisition Timing

There is a restriction of the overlapped image acquisition: The exposure time of the current frame must not end prior to the end of the read out of the previous frame. Two different timing situation needs to be distinguished:

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4 Image Acquisition

E x p o s u r e 1 R e a d O u t 1

F r a m e 1

E x p o s u r e 2 R e a d O u t 2

F r a m e 2

E x p o s u r e 1 R e a d O u t 1

F r a m e 1

E x p o s u r e 2 R e a d O u t 2

F r a m e 2

Exposure Time > Read Out Time An new exposure cycle can be started as soon as the read out

of the previous frame has been started (See Fig. 4.11).

Exposure Time < Read Out Time The start of a new exposure has delayed by a certain amount

of time in order to ensure, that the exposure doesn’t end prior to the image read out end of the previous frame (See Fig. 4.12).

The camera adjusts the timing automatically, and ensures that it complies with this restriction. Frame start or frame burst start triggers which arrive too early and which violates the overlapping restriction, will be ignored by the camera and indicated by a missed trigger event, which can be counted by a counter (see Section 5.1.5 for more information how to count missed triggers). Fig. 4.11 and Fig. 4.12 shows both timing situations, when the exposure time longer than the read out time and when the exposure time is shorter than the read out time.

Figure 4.11: Overlapped Image acquisition when exposure time > read out time

Figure 4.12: Overlapped Image acquisition when exposure time < read out time

4.6 Acquisition-, Frame- and Exposure-Trigger Conﬁguration

The acquisition-, frame- and exposure timing can be controlled by 7 triggers:

• Acquisition Start Trigger

• Acquisition End Trigger

• Frame Start Trigger

• Frame Burst Start Trigger

• Frame Burst End Trigger

• Exposure Start Trigger

• Exposure End Trigger

Fig. 4.13 shows the signal path which is available for every of the 7 triggers. It contains:

• Trigger Source Selection

• Trigger Software

• Trigger Mode

• Trigger Activation

• Trigger Divider

• Trigger Delay

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4.6 Acquisition-, Frame- and Exposure-Trigger Conﬁguration

E x p o s u r e E n d T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e S t a r t T r i g g e r

F r a m e B u r s t E n d T r i g g e r

F r a m e B u r s t S t a r t T r i g g e r

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r

A c q u i s i t i o n E n d T r i g g e r

D e l a yD i v i d e r

M o d e

O n O f f

A c t i v a t i o n

R i s i n g E d g e F a l l i n g E d g e B o t h E d g e s

S o u r c e

. . .

S o f t w a r e

A c q u i s i t i o n S t a r t T r i g g e r

Figure 4.13: Trigger Path

4.6.1 Trigger Source Selection

The user can select the source which is used to generate the corresponding trigger. The source can come from and external line input, internal pulse generated by a counter or timer or a pulse, which is generated by software. The following list shows the signal sources, which are available:

Line In A trigger is generated by a line input signal. The activation conﬁguration deﬁnes, if the

rising edge, the falling edge or both edges are taken into account (see Section 4.6.4).

Software A trigger is generated by the locally trigger software command register (see Section

Software Signal Pulse A trigger is generated by the software signal pulse, which comes from a

Counter Start A trigger signal is generated by the counter start event (see Section 5.1.3 for

Counter End A trigger signal is generated by the counter end event (see Section 5.1.3 for more

Timer Start A trigger signal is generated by the timer start event (see Section 5.2.3 for more

Timer End A trigger signal is generated by the timer end event (see Section 5.2.3 for more

4.6.2 Trigger Software

The trigger software is a software command register, which is available in the signal path of each trigger. Accessing to this register generates in internal trigger, which will be processed in the signal path.

MAN076 09/2017 V1.0 31 of 121

4.6.2 for more information).

common software signal pulse register (see Section 4.7 for more information).

more information about the counter start event).

information about the counter end event).

information about the timer start event).

information about the timer end event).

Trigger source must be set to software in order that a trigger software command will be processed.

4 Image Acquisition

4.6.3 Trigger Mode

The trigger mode deﬁnes, if the trigger is active. Following settings are available:

• On

• Off

4.6.4 Trigger Activation

The trigger activation deﬁnes, which edge of the selected trigger is processed in the trigger signal path. Following conﬁguration is available:

• Rising Edge

• Falling Edge

• Both Edges

The trigger Activation conﬁguration is only available, when the trigger source is set to Line In.

4.6.5 Trigger Divider

The trigger divider speciﬁes a division factor of the incoming trigger pulses. A division factor of 1 process every incoming trigger. A division factor of 2 process every second trigger and so on.

4.6.6 Trigger Delay

The trigger delay let the user speciﬁes a delay, that will be applied between the reception of a trigger event and when the trigger becomes active.

4.7 Software Signal Pulse and User Output

The software signal pulse block contains eight general purpose registers which allow generating internal pulse signals by software access. These pulse signals are internally connected to following functions, where it can be used to start a procedure:

• Acquisition Start Trigger

• Acquisition End Trigger

• Frame Start Trigger

• Frame Burst Start Trigger

• Frame Burst End Trigger

• Exposure Start Trigger

• Exposure End Trigger

• Counter Trigger

• Counter Event

• Counter Reset

• Timer Trigger

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4.7 Software Signal Pulse and User Output

The user output block is an eight bit status register. The bits can be set to 0 or 1 by software. The bits are available in the following ﬁrmware blocks/functions:

• Counter Trigger

• Counter Reset

• LED S0, S1 & S2

• Line Out

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4 Image Acquisition

34 of 121 MAN076 09/2017 V1.0

Counter & Timer

C o u n t e r

S o u r c e

. . .

A c t i v a t i o n

R i s i n g E d g e F a l l i n g E d g e B o t h E d g e s

S o u r c e

. . .

A c t i v a t i o n

R i s i n g E d g e F a l l i n g E d g e B o t h E d g e s

S o u r c e

. . .

A c t i v a t i o n

R i s i n g E d g e F a l l i n g E d g e B o t h E d g e s

C o u n t e r T r i g g e r

C o u n t e r E v e n t

C o u n t e r R e s e t

T i m e S t a m p T i c k

C o u n t e r D u r a t i o n

C o u n t e r S t a r t V a l u e

C o u n t e r V a l u e

C o u n t e r S t a t u s

C o u n t e r R e s e t ( )

C o u n t e r V a l u e A t R e s e t

C o u n t e r A c t i v e

C o u n t e r S t a r t

C o u n t e r E n d

5.1 Counter

Figure 5.1: Counter Structure

Four general purpose counters are available (Counter0 . . . Counter3) which are used for counting events. Each counter can be individually conﬁgured by software and controlled by counter trigger, counter event and counter reset signals. This section describes the conﬁguration and the function of the counters.

Fig. 5.1 shows the structure of one counter. Along with the counter function itself it contains a counter trigger source, a counter event source and a counter reset source selection and activation block. Furthermore there is a counter active status signal, which is available in the I/O control block (see Chapter 6). And the counter generates counter start and counter end events, which can be used to trigger other blocks, like counter, timer, acquisition, frame or exposure control.

5.1.1 Counter Usage

In a basic usage, at least a counter event source needs to be selected (see Section 5.1.5 for more information about the counter event source selection). Once an event source has been selected, the counter needs to be reset in order to start the counter. When started it counts from a deﬁned start value, which is conﬁgurable by the CounterStartValue property, and ends counting events after a certain number of events, which is conﬁgurable by the CounterDuration property.

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5 Counter & Timer

If additionally a trigger source is selected, the counter is waiting for a trigger. It ignores counter events until a valid trigger event has been received. A valid trigger signal on the selected trigger source starts the counter, which means, that it counts the predeﬁned number of events from the start value according to the counter start value and duration conﬁguration.

The current counter value is readable with the property CounterValue.

5.1.2 Counter Status

The counter has different states, which depends on the conﬁguration and usage. The current state can be read out by the register CounterStatus. The following list shows the available states:

Counter Idle Counter is idle, and doesn’t count any events.

Counter Trigger Wait As soon as a counter trigger source is selected (counter trigger source !=

OFF), the counter goes into the counter trigger wait state and waits for a trigger signal on the selected source. In this state, the counter doesn’t count any events.

Counter Active Counter is active and is ready to count every event. The counter can be

temporarely stopped by setting the counter event source to OFF .

Counter Completed Counter has stopped as it reached its programmed duration.

Counter Overﬂow Counter has reached its counter limit, which is 2^32-1, and an additional

counter event signal has been received. Once the counter is in the state overﬂow, it has to be reset by software or by counter reset signal in order to recover it from this state.

5.1.3 Counter Active, -Start and -End Signal

Each counter has the following output signals:

Counter Active An asserted counter active signal indicates, that the counter is active and is

counting events. The counter active signal is internally routed to the I/O control block and can there be selected for output on the physical output line or on one of the available leds.

Counter Start The counter start is an event, which is generated, when the counter goes into

the counter active state or is restarted during counter active period.

Counter End The counter end is an event, which is generated, when the counter arrives its

conﬁgured end condition; and changes to the state counter completed.

The counter start and end event can be used to trigger or to control other function in the camera, like acquisition, frame and exposure control or counter and timer. It can also be used to cascade counters in order to get a bigger counting range.

5.1.4 Counter Reset

There are two ways how to reset a counter: Either by a software reset command or by a hardware reset source signal. The reset behaviour depends on the current counter event and trigger source conﬁguration:

Counter Trigger Source = Off and Counter Event Source = Off The state of the counter

changes to "idle".

Counter Trigger Source = Off and Counter Event Source != Off The state of the counter

changes to "active".

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5.1 Counter

Counter Trigger Source != Off The state of the counter changes to "trigger wait".

The counter reset source can be set to the counter end signal of the same counter. This allows to restart the counter automatically as soon as it arrives its end condition.

The current counter value at the time, when the reset is performed, is stored to the CounterValueAtReset property, which can be read out by software.

5.1.5 Counter Event Source

The counter event source selects the signal event, which will be the used to increment the counter. The following signal sources are available:

Off Counter is idle or has been stopped temporarely and doesn’t count any events.

Acquisition Trigger Counts the number of acquisition triggers.

Acquisition Start Counts the number of acquisition start events.

Acquisition End Counts the number of acquisition end events.

FrameTrigger Counts the number of frame triggers.

Frame Start Counts the number of frame start events.

Frame End Counts the number of frame end events.

Frame Burst Start Counts the number of frame burst start events.

Frame Burst End Counts the number of frame burst end events.

Exposure Start Counts the number of exposure start events.

Exposure End Counts the number of exposure end events.

Counter 0 ... 3 Start Counts the number of the chosen counter start events.

Counter 0 ... 3 End Counts the number of the chosen counter end events.

Timer 0 ... 3 Start Counts the number of the chosen timer start events.

Timer 0 ... 3 End Counts the number of the chosen timer end events

Software Signal Pulse 0 ... 7 Counts the number of the chosen software signal pulse events

(see Section 4.7).

Line Input Counts the number of transitions on the line input according to the signal input

activation conﬁguration.

Missed Trigger Counts the number of missed triggers. A missed trigger is generated, when a

new trigger (frame start, frame burst start or exposure start) is received, the frame control block however is busy and not read to process this trigger

Time Stamp Tick Counts the number of time stamp ticks. A time stamp tick generator is

available for every counter. It generates events with a rate, which can be conﬁgured. For instances if the rate is set to 1 us and the counter event source is set to count time stamp ticks, the counter increments every 1 us.

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5 Counter & Timer

Line input source has additionally a activation conﬁguration, which needs to be set accordingly. Following conﬁguration values are available:

Rising Edge Counter counts rising edges on the selected line input.

Falling Edge Counter counts falling edges on the selected line input

Both Edges Counter counts both edges on the selected line input

Activation conﬁguration has only effect when line input is selected as a counter event source, otherwise this conﬁguration is ignored.

The counter can be temporarely switched off, if the counter event source is set to off. It continue counting events as soon as counter event source has been selected again.

5.1.6 Counter Trigger Source

The counter trigger source selects the signal which will be the used to start the counter. The following signals sources are available:

Off Disables the counter trigger

Acquisition Trigger Starts with the reception of the acquisition trigger event.

Acquisition Start Starts with the reception of the acquisition start event.

Acquisition End Starts with the reception of the acquisition end event.

FrameTrigger Starts with the reception of the frame trigger event.

Frame Start Starts with the reception of the frame start event.

Frame End Starts with the reception of the frame end event.

Frame Burst Start Starts with the reception of the frame burst start event.

Frame Burst End Starts with the reception of the frame burst end event.

Exposure Start Starts with the reception of the exposure start event.

Exposure End Starts with the reception of the exposure end event.

User Output 0 ... 7 Starts and counts events as long as the selected user output bit is asserted.

When the counter is started, it ignores counter events as long as the corresponding user output bit is deasserted (see Section 4.7).

Counter 0 ... 3 Start Starts with the reception of the chosen counter start event.

Counter 0 ... 3 End Starts with the reception of the chosen counter end event.

Timer 0 ... 3 Start Starts with the reception of the chosen timer start event.

Timer 0 ... 3 End Starts with the reception of the chosen timer end event.

Software Signal Pulse 0 ... 7 Starts with the reception of chosen software signal pulse event

(see Section 4.7).

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5.1 Counter

Line Input Starts when the speciﬁed counter trigger activation condition is met on the chosen

line.

Line input source has additionally an activation conﬁguration, which needs to be set accordingly. Following conﬁguration values are available:

Rising Edge Counter starts with the rising edge on the selected line input.

Falling Edge Counter starts with the falling edge on the selected line input

Both Edges Counter starts with any edge on the selected line input

Level High Counter starts and is counting events as long as the level is high. When the counter

is started, it ignores counter events as long as the corresponding line input is low.

Level Low Counter starts and is counting events as long as the level is low. When the counter

is started, it ignores counter events as long as the corresponding line input is high.

Activation conﬁguration has only effect when line input is selected as a counter trigger source, otherwise this conﬁguration is ignored.

5.1.7 Counter Reset Source

The counter reset source selects the signal which will be the used to reset the counter. The following signals sources are available:

Off Disables the counter reset.

Counter Trigger Resets with the reception of a trigger on the counter trigger source (see

Section 5.1.6).

Acquisition Trigger Resets with the reception of the acquisition trigger.

Acquisition Start Resets with the reception of the acquisition start event.

Acquisition End Resets with the reception of the acquisition end event.

FrameTrigger Resets with the reception of the frame trigger.

Frame Start Resets with the reception of the frame start event.

Frame End Resets with the reception of the frame end event.

Frame Burst Start Resets with the reception of the frame burst start event.

Frame Burst End Resets with the reception of the frame burst end event.

Exposure Start Resets with the reception of the exposure start event.

Exposure End Resets with the reception of the exposure end event.

User Output 0 ... 7 Resets the counter as long as the selected user output bit is asserted. The

counter remains in reset state until the selected user output bit is deasserted again (see Section 4.7).

Counter 0 ... 3 Start Resets with the reception the chosen counter start event.

Counter 0 ... 3 End Resets with the reception the chosen counter end event.

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5 Counter & Timer

T i m e r

S o u r c e

. . .

T i m e r T r i g g e r

T i m e r A c t i v e

T i m e r S t a r t

T i m e r E n d

T i m e r V a l u e

T i m e r S t a t u s

T i m e r D e l a y

T i m e r S t a r t V a l u e

T i m e r D u r a t i o n

T i m e r R e s e t ( )

A c t i v a t i o n

R i s i n g E d g e F a l l i n g E d g e B o t h E d g e s

Timer 0 ... 3 Start Resets with the reception the chosen timer start event.

Timer 0 ... 3 End Resets with the reception the chosen timer end event.

Software Signal Pulse 0 ... 7 Resets with the reception of chosen software signal pulse event

(see Section 4.7).

Line Input Resets when the speciﬁed counter trigger activation condition is met on the chosen

line.

Line input source has additionally a activation conﬁguration, which needs to be set accordingly. Following conﬁguration values are available:

Rising Edge Resets with the rising edge on the selected line input.

Falling Edge Resets with the falling edge on the selected line input

Both Edges Resets with any edge on the selected line input

Activation conﬁguration has only effect when line input is selected as a counter reset source, otherwise this conﬁguration is ignored.

5.2 Timer

Figure 5.2: Timer Structure

Four general purpose timers are available in the camera (Timer0 ... Timer3). A timer can be used to generate a timed pulse - for instances a strobe signal - or to generate an event after a predetermined duration. Each timer can be conﬁgured individually by software and controlled by timer trigger events. This section describes the conﬁguration and the function of the timers.

Fig. 5.2 shows the structure of one timer. It contains a timer trigger source and activation block. Furthermore it has three output signals: A timer active status signal, which is routed to the I/O control block (see Chapter 6) and timer start and end event signals, which can be used to trigger other blocks, like counter, timer, acquisition, frame or exposure control (see Section

5.2.3).

5.2.1 Timer Usage

Timer delay and timer duration value needs to be conﬁgured accordingly. When a timer trigger source is selected the timer is waiting for a trigger signal. Once this trigger signal has been received, the timer starts ﬁrst with the timer delay period, if the timer delay value is > 0, and counts then for the speciﬁed timer duration.

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5.2 Timer

When the timer trigger source is set to off (see Section 5.2.5), a software timer reset command starts the timer immediately (see Section 5.2.4).

The current timer value can be read via software. A start value can also be set, which means, that the timer starts from this conﬁgured value instead from zero.

5.2.2 Timer Status

The timer has different states, which depends on the conﬁguration and usage. The current state can be read out by the register TimerStatus. The following list shows the available states:

Timer Idle Timer is idle, and trigger source selection is set to off.

Timer Trigger Wait Timer is waiting for a timer trigger signal.

Timer Delay Timer is in timer delay count period.

Timer Active Time is active and counts for the speciﬁed timer duration.

Timer Completed Timer completed indicates, that the timer reached the timer duration count.

The timer remains in this state, until a new timer trigger event has been received, or the timer is reset by a software command (see Section 5.2.4)

5.2.3 Timer Active, -Start and -End Signal

Timer Active An asserted timer active signal indicates, that the timer has started counting the

conﬁgured duration period. The timer active signal is internally routed to the I/O control block and can there be selected for output on the physical output line or on one of the available leds.

Timer Start The timer start is an event, which is generated, when the timer starts with the

timer duration period.

Timer End The timer end is an event, which is generated, when the timer arrives its conﬁgured

timer duration value.

The timer start and end event signals can be used to trigger other blocks, like counter, timer, acquisition, frame or exposure control.

5.2.4 Timer Reset

The timer can be reset by a software command. It performs a software reset of the timer counter and starts the timer immediately (change to state timer active), when trigger source is set to off; otherwise it goes into the state timer trigger wait.

5.2.5 Timer Trigger Source

The timer trigger source selects the events that will be the used to reset and to start the timer. The following list of signals are available:

Off Disables the timer trigger

Acquisition Trigger Starts with the reception of the acquisition trigger event.

Acquisition Start Starts with the reception of the acquisition start event.

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5 Counter & Timer

Acquisition End Starts with the reception of the acquisition end event.

FrameTrigger Starts with the reception of the frame trigger event.

Frame Start Starts with the reception of the frame start event.

Frame End Starts with the reception of the frame end event.

Frame Burst Start Starts with the reception of the frame burst start event.

Frame Burst End Starts with the reception of the frame burst end event.

Exposure Start Starts with the reception of the exposure start event.

Exposure End Starts with the reception of the exposure end event.

User Output 0 ... 7 Starts when the selected user output bit is set to 1.

Counter 0 ... 3 Start Starts with the reception of the chosen counter start event.

Counter 0 ... 3 End Starts with the reception of the chosen counter end event.

Timer 0 ... 3 Start Starts with the reception of the chosen timer start event.

Timer 0 ... 3 End Starts with the reception of the chosen timer end event.

Software Signal Pulse 0 ... 7 Starts with the reception of chosen software signal pulse event

(see Section 4.7).

Line Input Starts when the speciﬁed counter trigger activation condition is met on the chosen

line.

Line input source has additionally a activation conﬁguration, which needs to be set accordingly. Following conﬁguration values are available:

Rising Edge Timer starts with the rising edge on the selected line input.

Falling Edge Timer starts with the falling edge on the selected line input.

Both Edges Timer starts with any edge on the selected line input.

A self re-trigger timer can be conﬁgured, when the trigger source is set to its own timer end event. The timer needs a software reset in order to start the self re-trigger mode.

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I n p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L i n e 0 "

I n p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L i n e 1 "

I n v e r t

S t a t u s

L i n e 1

L i n e 0

I/O Control

This chapter shows the structure of the physical input and physical output line. It describes the signal path and how to conﬁgure it.

The I/O control block contains a signal input path and a signal output path.

6.1 Input Signal Path

The camera has two physical signal input lines, which come from the input opto-isolators of the camera hardware interface (see Section 12.6) and which are fed into the input signal path of the camera. Fig. 6.1 shows the structure of the input signal path. The user can invert these signals and its current status can be read by software.

Figure 6.1: Input Signal Path

The output of the signal input path is distributed to following camera function:

• Acquisition Start Trigger

• Acquisition End Trigger

• Frame Start Trigger

• Frame Burst Start Trigger

• Frame Burst End Trigger

• Exposure Start Trigger

• Exposure End Trigger

• Counter Trigger

• Counter Event

• Counter Reset

• Timer Trigger

• LineOut0, LineOut1

• LED S0, S1 or S2

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6 I/O Control

O u t p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L E D S 0 "

O u t p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L E D S 1 "

O u t p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L E D S 2 "

L E D S 0

L E D S 1

L E D S 2

L i n e O u t 0

O u t p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L i n e O u t 0 "

O u t p u t S i g n a l P a t h " L i n e O u t 1 "

S t a t u s

I n v e r t

S o u r c e

. . .

L i n e O u t 1

Table 6.1: Line Input Mapping

Figure 6.2: Output Signal Path

6.2 Output Signal Path

Line Input Camera Input

Line0 ISO_IN0

Line1 ISO_IN1

The camera has two physical signal output line and three LEDs. The physical output line is connected to the output opto-isolator in the camera hardware interface (see Section 12.6). The output line, LED S0, S1 and S3 have its own output signal path which is shown in Fig. 6.2. The source can be selected and the selected signal can be invert before it is sent out of the camera. Furthermore the current status of the output signal can read by software. Following signals are available and can be selected for the output:

• Input Line

• Counter Active Status

• Timer Active Status

• User Output

• Acquisition Trigger Wait Status

• Acquisition Active Status

• Frame Trigger Wait Status

• Frame Active Status

• Exposure Active Status

• Frame Valid Status

• Line Valid Status

• Heartbeat

• Serial Communication (MB_DIG0)

• Constant 0 Value

• Constant 1 Value

If the source heartbeat is selected, the LED shows a pulsating behaviour, when the camera is idle (no image capturing is active). It means, the intensity starts from dark and goes slowly to

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6.2 Output Signal Path

bright and slowly to dark again. Every time, when the camera is acquiring and sending images, the LED changes to a blinking characteristic.

If the source serial communication is selected, the led ﬂashes every time when the host communicates with the camera, due to changing or reading of camera parameters.

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6 I/O Control

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Image Format Control

There are several possibilities to focus on the interesting parts of an image:

• Region of Interest (ROI) (see Section 7.1)

• Multiple Regions of Interest (MROI) (see Section 7.2)

These features can help to reduce the number of pixels read from the image sensor which leads to an increased frame rate (see Chapter 8 for more information about the available frame rate).

7.1 Region of Interest (ROI)

Some applications do not need full image resolution. The image size can be reduced by setting the horizontal image offset (Offset X) and the image width (Width) and by setting the vertical image offset (OffsetY) and image height (Height). A region of interest can be almost any rectangular window but it must be placed within the sensor area. OffsetX + Width must not exceed the sensor width and OffsetY + Height must not exceed sensor height.

The ROI horizontal size and position in the D640I-M01 camera must be a multiple of 32 pixels. The vertical size and position must be a multiple of 4 pixels.

7.2 Multiple Regions of Interest (MROI)

Up to 512 different regions of interest are conﬁgurable. This feature can be used to reduce the amount of image data and increase the frame rate.

An individual MROI region is deﬁned by its starting value in y-direction and its height. The starting value in horizontal direction and the width is the same for all MROI regions and is deﬁned by the ROI settings. The maximum frame rate in MROI mode depends mainly on the number rows and columns being read out.

The individual ROI in a MROI must not overlap.

The MROI regions must be speciﬁed ordered from the top to the bottom of the image.

Vertical starting position (MROI_Y) and height (MROI_H) of a MROI-region must be a multiple of 2.

Fig. 7.1 compares ROI and MROI: the setups (visualized on the image sensor area) are displayed in the upper half of the drawing. The lower half shows the dimensions of the resulting image.

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7 Image Format Control

M R O I 0

M R O I 1

M R O I 2

( 0 , 0 )

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

R O I

M R O I 0

M R O I 1

M R O I 2

R O I

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

R O I . X

R O I . W

R O I . Y

R O I . H

R O I . X

R O I . W

M R O I 0 . Y

M R O I 0 . H

M R O I 1 . Y

M R O I 1 . H

M R O I 2 . Y

M R O I 2 . H

( 0 , 0 )

R O I . W

M R O I 0 . H

M R O I 1 . HM R O I 2 . H

( 0 , 0 )

R O I . W

R O I . H

On the left-hand side an example of ROI is shown and on the right-hand side an example of MROI. It can be readily seen that the resulting image with MROI is smaller than the resulting image with ROI only and the former will result in an increase in image frame rate.

Figure 7.1: Multiple Regions of Interest

Fig. 7.2 shows another MROI drawing illustrating the effect of MROI on the image content.

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7.2 Multiple Regions of Interest (MROI)

Figure 7.2: Multiple Regions of Interest with 5 ROIs

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7 Image Format Control

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

2 0 p i x e l

2 6 p i x e l

2 p i x e l

1 p i x e l

C h e m i c a l A g e n t

B C

Fig. 7.3 shows an example from hyperspectral imaging where the presence of spectral lines at known regions need to be inspected. By using a MROI only a 640x54 region need to be readout and a frame rate of 2600 fps can be achieved. Without using MROI the resulting frame rate would be 300 fps for a 640x512 ROI.

Figure 7.3: Multiple Regions of Interest in hyperspectral imaging

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Frame Rate

8.1 Introduction

The maximal frame rate of the camera depends on the camera settings. The following factors inﬂuence the maximal frame rate (see also Table 8.2):

• The read-out mode conﬁguration: Sequential [non overlapping] or Interleave

[overlapping]) (Section 8.2).

• The length of the exposure time: A shorter exposure time can lead to an increase in the

maximal frame rate.

• ROI height: a smaller ROI height can lead to an increase in the maximal frame rate.

• ROI width: a smaller ROI width can lead to an increase in the maximal frame rate.

• PixelFormat: the maximal frame rate might be smaller than the maximal sensor frame rate

because otherwise the maximal data rate at the interface (MaxDataRateInterface) would be exceeded. The maximal sensor frame rate can be achieved at the default settings of PixelFormat=Mono8 and MaxDataRateInterface=896 MBit/sec.

The maximal frame rate of the camera can be determined by a frame rate calculator in the support section of the Photonfocus web page www.photonfocus.com. The maximal frame rate with the current camera settings can be read out by a camera register (AcquisitionFrameRateMax). A table with values for common ROI settings is shown in Section 8.8.

8.2 Read-out Mode

The MV3-D640I CMOS cameras provide two different readout modes:

Sequential (non overlapping) Read-out [Interleave = False]: Exposure time of the next image

can only start if the readout time of the current image is ﬁnished. Frame time is the sum of exposure time and readout time.

Interleave (overlapping) Read-out [Interleave = True]: Exposure time of the next image can

start during the readout time of the current image. The frame time is determined by the maximum of the exposure time or of the readout time, which ever of both is the longer one.

In interleave read-out mode the following two situations need to be distinguished in order to calculate the maximal allowed frame rate:

Interleave Read-out Timing 1: Exposure Time <= Read Out Time + TIntSampling (see Section

8.5).

Interleave Read-out Timing 2: Exposure Time > Read Out Time + TIntSampling (see Section 8.6).

A formula for the calculation of the maximal frame rate is given in the next sections.

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8 Frame Rate

T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e

R e a d o u t

F r a m e < n >

E x p o s u r e T i m e

R e a d o u t T i m e

T R e a d o u t D e l

F r a m e < n >

E x p o s u r e T i m e

8.3 Common parameters

Some parameters and formulas that are used in the following sections are:

ReadoutTime = (Width/16 + 18)*(Height + 1) / 9 * 103[s]

The maximal frame rate only considering the maximal data rate is:

MaxFrameRateData = MaxDataRateInterface / (Width * Height * BitsPerPixel)

Where BitsPerPixel is 8 in Mono8 pixel format, 12 in Mono10Packed and Mono12Packed pixel formats and 16 in Mono10 and Mono12 pixel formats.

Some common constants are listed in Table 8.1.

Camera TIntSampling TReadoutDel

D640I-M01 0.016 ms 0.006 ms

Table 8.1: Frame overhead times

8.4 Sequential Read-out Timing

This timing is applied when camera is in sequential read-out mode. Exposure is started after the sensor read out of the previous frame.

The maximal frame rate is in this case:

MaxFrameRate = 1 / (Exposure Time + TReadoutDel + ReadoutTime)

Figure 8.1: Sequential Read-out Timing

8.5 Interleave Read-out Timing 1

This timing is applied if Exposure Time <= (Read Out Time + TIntSampling). Exposure is started during the sensor read out of the previous frame and the exposure time is smaller or equal than the read out time plus the integration sampling time (see Fig. 8.2). During the integration sampling time (TIntSampling), the sensor prepares the next frame for reading out.

The maximal frame rate is in this case:

MaxFrameRate = min(1 / (TReadoutDel + ReadoutTime + TIntSampling), MaxFrameRateData)

To avoid a sensor artifact, the exposure must start at a ﬁxed position from the start of the read out of one row. Therefore the exposure start must be delayed by a time which can be as long as the read out of one row.

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8.6 Interleave Read-out Timing 2

T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e

R e a d o u t

F r a m e < n > F r a m e < n + 1 >

E x p o s u r e T i m e

R e a d o u t T i m e

T R e a d o u t D e l

T I n t S a m p l i n g

T r i g g e r

E x p o s u r e

R e a d o u t

F r a m e < n + 1 >

E x p o s u r e T i m e

R e a d o u t T i m e T R e a d o u t D e l

F r a m e < n >

> T I n t S a m p l i n g

Figure 8.2: Read-out Timing 1

8.6 Interleave Read-out Timing 2

This timing is applied if Exposure Time > (Read Out Time + TIntSampling). Exposure is started during the sensor read out of the previous frame and the exposure time is bigger than the read out time in this timing (see Fig. 8.3).

The maximal frame rate is in this case:

MaxFrameRate = min(1 / (Exposure Time + TReadoutDel), MaxFrameRateData)

Figure 8.3: aRead-out Timing 2

8.7 MROI

The formulas in Section 8.5 and in Section 8.6 can be used but the read-out time in MROI mode is slightly different than in ROI-mode:

ReadoutTime = ((Width/16 + 18)*(Height + 1) + MroiOH) / 9 * 103[s]

The Height parameter is the total height of the MROI. The MroiOH depends on the number of rows between the individual ROI. It is calculated by the following formula:

MroiOH = 2 * (MroiGapRows - NbrMroi + 1) + 16 * (NbrMroi-1)

NbrMroi: number of active ROI. MroiGapRows: sum of the number of rows between individual ROI. Note that if two ROI have no gap in between, they count as one ROI in the NbrMroi parameter.

Example: given the MROI setting: Mroi[0].Y=0, Mroi[0].H=100, Mroi[1].Y=160, Mroi[1].H=100, Mroi[2].Y=320, Mroi[2].H=100. In this case NbrMroi=3 and MroiGapRows = (Mroi[1].Y-Mroi[0].Y-Mroi[0].H) + (Mroi[2].Y-Mroi[1].Y-Mroi[1].H) = 120; MroiOH =2*118 +16*2 = 268.

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8 Frame Rate

8.8 Maximum Frame Rate Table

A list of common used image dimension and its frame rates is shown in Table 8.2. It shows the maximum possible frame rates when the exposure time is smaller than the read out time.

There is a frame rate calculator in the support section of the Photonfocus web page www.photonfocus.com, which allows to determine the frame rates for any available image dimensions and expsoure time settings.

ROI Dimension MV3-D640I-M01, Mono8 MV3-D640I-M01, Mono12Packed

640 x 512 300 fps 225 fps

512 x 512 345 fps 280 fps

640 x 480 (VGA) 320 fps 240 fps

256 x 256 1000 fps 1000 fps

640 x 4 16390 fps 16390 fps

Table 8.2: Frame rates of different ROI settings (minimal exposure time,MaxDataRateInterface = 896 MBit/sec).

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I m a g e S e n s o r

D i g i t a l O f f s e t / G a i n

C r o s s h a i r s i n s e r t i o n

C a m e r a

I n t e r f a c e

T e s t i m a g e s i n s e r t i o n

I m a g e o u t p u t

B i n n i n g 2m x 2

N o n - U n i f o r m i t y

C o r r e c t i o n

S t a t u s l i n e i n s e r t i o n

L o o k - u p t a b l e ( L U T )

Pixel Data Processing

9.1 Overview

The pixel, which are read out of the image sensor, are processed in the cameras data path. The sequence of blocks is shown in ﬁgure Fig. 9.1.

Figure 9.1: Camera data path

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9 Pixel Data Processing

9.2 Image Correction

9.2.1 Overview

The camera possesses image pre-processing features, that compensate for non-uniformities caused by the sensor, the lens or the illumination. This method of improving the image quality is generally known as ’Shading Correction’ or ’Flat Field Correction’ and consists of a combination of offset correction, gain correction and pixel interpolation.

Since the correction is performed in hardware, there is no performance limitation of the cameras for high frame rates.

The offset correction subtracts a positive or negative calibration value from the live image and thus reduces the ﬁxed pattern noise of the CMOS sensor. In addition, defect pixels can be removed by interpolation. The gain correction can be used to ﬂatten uneven illumination or to compensate shading effects of a lens. Both offset and gain correction work on a pixel-per-pixel basis, i.e. every pixel is corrected separately. For the correction, a black reference and a grey reference image are required. Then, the correction values are determined automatically in the camera.

Do not set any reference images when gain or LUT is enabled! Read the following sections very carefully.

Correction values of both reference images can be saved into the internal ﬂash memory, but this overwrites the factory presets. Then the reference images that are delivered by factory cannot be restored anymore.

9.2.2 Offset Correction (FPN, Hot Pixels)

The offset correction is based on a black reference image, which is taken at no illumination (e.g. lens aperture completely closed). The black reference image contains the ﬁxed-pattern noise of the sensor, which can be subtracted from the live images in order to minimise the static noise.

Offset correction algorithm

After conﬁguring the camera with a black reference image, the camera is ready to apply the offset correction:

1. Determine the average value of the black reference image.

2. Subtract the black reference image from the average value.

3. Mark pixels that have a grey level higher than the hot-pixel-threshold (default 1008 DN @ 12 bit) as hot pixels.

4. Store the result in the camera as the offset correction matrix.

5. During image acquisition, subtract the correction matrix from the acquired image and interpolate the hot pixels (see Section 9.2.4).

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9.2 Image Correction

3 1

4 32

2 4 14

b l a c k r e f e r e n c e i m a g e

- 1

- 2

- 1

- 2

- 2 - 2

a v e r a g e

o f b l a c k

r e f e r e n c e

p i c t u r e

o f f s e t c o r r e c t i o n m a t r i x

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Histogram of the uncorrected black reference image

Grey level, 12 Bit [DN]

Relative number of pixels [−]

black level offset ok black level offset too low

Figure 9.2: Schematic presentation of the offset correction algorithm

How to Obtain a Black Reference Image

In order to improve the image quality, the black reference image must meet certain demands.

The detailed procedure to set the black reference image is described in Section ??.

• The black reference image must be obtained at no illumination, e.g. with lens aperture closed or closed lens opening.

• It may be necessary to adjust the black level offset of the camera. In the histogram of the black reference image, ideally there are no grey levels at value 0 DN after adjustment of the black level offset. All pixels that are saturated black (0 DN) will not be properly corrected (see Fig. 9.3). The peak in the histogram should be well below the hot-pixel-threshold.

• Camera settings may inﬂuence the grey level. Therefore, for best results the camera settings of the black reference image must be identical with the camera settings of the image to be corrected.

Figure 9.3: Histogram of a proper black reference image for offset correction

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9 Pixel Data Processing

9.2.3 Gain Correction

The gain correction is based on a grey reference image, which is taken at uniform illumination to give an image with a mid grey level.

Gain correction is not a trivial feature. The quality of the grey reference image is crucial for proper gain correction.

Gain correction algorithm

After conﬁguring the camera with a black and grey reference image, the camera is ready to apply the gain correction:

1. Determine the average value of the grey reference image.

2. Subtract the offset correction matrix from the grey reference image.

3. Divide the average value by the offset corrected grey reference image.

4. Pixels that have a grey level higher than a certain threshold are marked as hot pixels.

5. Store the result in the camera as the gain correction matrix.

6. During image acquisition, multiply the gain correction matrix from the offset-corrected acquired image and interpolate the hot pixels (see Section 9.2.4).

Gain correction is not a trivial feature. The quality of the grey reference image is crucial for proper gain correction.

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9.2 Image Correction

1 0

7 9

4 32

9 6 84

1 0

g r a y r e f e r e n c e p i c t u r e

a v e r a g e

o f g r a y

r e f e r e n c e

p i c t u r e

)

1 . 2

0 . 9

1 . 2

- 2

0 . 9 1

- 1

0 . 8

1 . 3

0 . 8

- 2

- 2 - 2

- 1

- 2

- 1

- 2

- 2 - 2

)

o f f s e t c o r r e c t i o n m a t r i x

g a i n c o r r e c t i o n m a t r i x

Figure 9.4: Schematic presentation of the gain correction algorithm

Gain correction always needs an offset correction matrix. Thus, the offset correction always has to be performed before the gain correction.

How to Obtain a Grey Reference Image

In order to improve the image quality, the grey reference image must meet certain demands.

The detailed procedure to set the grey reference image is described in Section ??.

• The grey reference image must be obtained at uniform illumination.

Use a high quality light source that delivers uniform illumination. Standard illumination will not be appropriate.

• When looking at the histogram of the grey reference image, ideally there are no grey levels at full scale (4095 DN @ 12 bit). All pixels that are saturated white will not be properly corrected (see Fig. 9.5).

• Camera settings may inﬂuence the grey level. Therefore, the camera settings of the grey reference image must be identical with the camera settings of the image to be corrected.

9.2.4 Hot and cold pixel correction

Calibration

The positions of the hot and cold pixels are determined in the Calculate step.

Hot (white) defect pixels are identiﬁed using the black reference image: every pixel that exceeds the hot-pixel-threshold in the black reference image is marked as a defect pixel.

Cold (black) defect pixels are identiﬁed using the grey reference image: every pixel with an intensity value below the cold-pixel-threshold in the grey reference image is marked as a defect pixel.

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9 Pixel Data Processing

2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Histogram of the uncorrected grey reference image

Grey level, 12 Bit [DN]

Relative number of pixels [−]

grey reference image ok grey reference image too bright

h o t

p i x e l

n - 1

n + 1

n - 1

+ p

n + 1

Figure 9.5: Proper grey reference image for gain correction

Defect pixel correction

If the hot pixel correction is switched on, the camera replaces the value of a defect pixel by an average of its neighbour pixels (see Fig. 9.6).

The hot pixel correction also corrects cold (black) defect pixels if a grey reference image has been set prior to the Calculate step.

Figure 9.6: Defect pixel interpolation by the hot pixel correction

9.2.5 Corrected Image

Offset, gain and hot pixel correction can be switched on separately. The following conﬁgurations are possible:

• No correction

• Offset correction only

• Offset and hot pixel correction

• Hot pixel correction only

• Offset and gain correction

• Offset, gain and hot pixel correction

In addition, the black reference image and grey reference image that are currently stored in the camera RAM can be output.

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9.2 Image Correction

5 6

4 37

7 4 64

c u r r e n t i m a g e

)

5 4

4 37

7 4 64

)

- 1

- 2

- 1

- 2

- 2 - 2

o f f s e t c o r r e c t i o n m a t r i x

1 . 2

0 . 9

1 . 2

- 2

0 . 9

- 1

0 . 8

1 . 3

0 . 8

- 2 - 2 - 2

g a i n c o r r e c t i o n m a t r i x

c o r r e c t e d i m a g e

)

Figure 9.7: Schematic presentation of the corrected image using gain correction algorithm

9.2.6 Correction Ranges

Table 9.1 shows the minimum and maximum values of the correction matrices, i.e. the range that the offset and gain algorithm can correct.

Minimum Maximum

Offset correction -1023 DN @ 12 bit +1023 DN @ 12 bit

Gain correction 0.42 2.67

Table 9.1: Offset and gain correction ranges

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9 Pixel Data Processing

9.3 Gain and Offset

There are different gain settings on the camera:

Gain (Digital Fine Gain) Digital ﬁne gain accepts fractional values from 0.01 up to 15.99. It is

implemented as a multiplication operation.

Digital Gain Digital Gain is a coarse gain with the settings x1, x2, x4 and x8. It is implemented

as a binary shift of the image data where ’0’ is shifted to the LSB’s of the gray values. E.g. for gain x2, the output value is shifted by 1 and bit 0 is set to ’0’.

The resulting gain is the product of all the gain values, which means that the image data is multiplied in the camera by this factor.

Digital Fine Gain and Digital Gain may result in missing codes in the output image data.

A user-deﬁned value can be subtracted from the gray value in the digital offset block. If digital gain is applied and if the brightness of the image is too big then the interesting part of the output image might be saturated. By subtracting an offset from the input of the gain block it is possible to avoid the saturation.

9.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT)

Grey level transformation is remapping of the grey level values of an input image to new values. The look-up table (LUT) is used to convert the greyscale value of each pixel in an image into another grey value. It is typically used to implement a transfer curve for contrast expansion. The camera performs a 12-to-8-bit mapping, so that 4096 input grey levels can be mapped to 256 output grey levels. The use of the three available modes is explained in the next sections. Two LUT and a Region-LUT feature are available in the camera (see Section 9.4.4).

The output grey level resolution of the look-up table (independent of gain, gamma or user-deﬁnded mode) is always 8 bit.

There are 2 predeﬁned functions, which generate a look-up table and transfer it to the camera. For other transfer functions the user can deﬁne his own LUT ﬁle.

Some commonly used transfer curves are shown in Fig. 9.8. Line a denotes a negative or inverse transformation, line b enhances the image contrast between grey values x0 and x1. Line c shows brightness thresholding and the result is an image with only black and white grey levels. and line d applies a gamma correction (see also Section 9.4.2).

9.4.1 Gain

The ’Gain’ mode performs a digital, linear ampliﬁcation with clamping (see Fig. 9.9). It is conﬁgurable in the range from 1.0 to 4.0 (e.g. 1.234).

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9.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT)

y = f ( x )

m a x

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

100

150

200

250

300

Grey level transformation − Gain: y = (255/1023) ⋅ a ⋅ x

x: grey level input value (10 bit) [DN]

y: grey level output value (8 bit) [DN]

a = 1.0 a = 2.0 a = 3.0 a = 4.0

Figure 9.8: Commonly used LUT transfer curves

Figure 9.9: Applying a linear gain with clamping to an image

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9 Pixel Data Processing

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

100

150

200

250

300

Grey level transformation − Gamma: y = (255 / 1023γ) ⋅ xγ (γ ≥ 1)

x: grey level input value (10 bit) [DN]

y: grey level output value (8 bit) [DN]

γ = 1.0 γ = 1.2 γ = 1.5 γ = 1.8 γ = 2.5 γ = 4.0

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

100

150

200

250

300

Grey level transformation − Gamma: y = (255 / 1023γ) ⋅ xγ (γ ≤ 1)

x: grey level input value (10 bit) [DN]

y: grey level output value (8 bit) [DN]

γ = 1.0 γ = 0.9 γ = 0.8 γ = 0.6 γ = 0.4

9.4.2 Gamma

The ’Gamma’ mode performs an exponential ampliﬁcation, conﬁgurable in the range from 0.4 to 4.0. Gamma > 1.0 results in an attenuation of the image (see Fig. 9.10), gamma < 1.0 results in an ampliﬁcation (see Fig. 9.11). Gamma correction is often used for tone mapping and better display of results on monitor screens.

Figure 9.10: Applying gamma correction to an image (gamma > 1)

Figure 9.11: Applying gamma correction to an image (gamma < 1)

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9.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT)

U s e r L U T

y = f ( x )

1 2 b i t

8 b i t

9.4.3 User-deﬁned Look-up Table

In the ’User’ mode, the mapping of input to output grey levels can be conﬁgured arbitrarily by the user. There is an example ﬁle in the PFRemote folder. LUT ﬁles can easily be generated with a standard spreadsheet tool. The ﬁle has to be stored as tab delimited text ﬁle.

Figure 9.12: Data path through LUT

9.4.4 Region LUT and LUT Enable

Two LUTs and a Region-LUT feature are available in the camera. Both LUTs can be enabled independently (see Table 9.2). LUT 0 superseeds LUT1.

Enable LUT 0 Enable LUT 1 Enable Region LUT Description

- - - LUT are disabled.

X don’t care - LUT 0 is active on whole image.

- X - LUT 1 is active on whole image.

X - X LUT 0 active in Region 0.

X X X LUT 0 active in Region 0 and LUT 1 active

in Region 1. LUT 0 supersedes LUT1.

Table 9.2: LUT Enable and Region LUT

When Region-LUT feature is enabled, then the LUTs are only active in a user deﬁned region. Examples are shown in Fig. 9.13 and Fig. 9.14.

Fig. 9.13 shows an example of overlapping Region-LUTs. LUT 0, LUT 1 and Region LUT are enabled. LUT 0 is active in region 0 ((x00, x01), (y00, y01)) and it supersedes LUT 1 in the overlapping region. LUT 1 is active in region 1 ((x10, x11), (y10, y11)). Fig. 9.14 shows an example of keyhole inspection in a laser welding application. LUT 0 and LUT 1 are used to enhance the contrast by applying optimized transfer curves to the individual regions. LUT 0 is used for keyhole inspection. LUT 1 is optimized for seam ﬁnding.

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9 Pixel Data Processing

L U T 0

( 0 , 0 )

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

L U T 1

x 0 0 x 1 0 x 0 1 x 1 1

y 1 0 y 0 0

y 0 1

y 1 1

L U T 0

L U T 1

L U T 0

( 0 , 0 )

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

Figure 9.13: Overlapping Region-LUT example

Figure 9.14: Region-LUT in keyhole inspection

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9.4 Grey Level Transformation (LUT)

Fig. 9.15 shows the application of the Region-LUT to a camera image. The original image without image processing is shown on the left-hand side. The result of the application of the Region-LUT is shown on the right-hand side. One Region-LUT was applied on a small region on the lower part of the image where the brightness has been increased.

Figure 9.15: Region-LUT example with camera image; left: original image; right: gain 4 region in the are of the date print of the bottle

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9 Pixel Data Processing

S e n s o r I m a g e

O u t p u t I m a g e

9.5 Binning

9.5.1 Description

Binning sums the pixels in subsequent columns and rows, according to the binning conﬁguration. The result is then divided by the number of binned pixels. The binning feature will result in images with lower resolution but signiﬁcantly higher SNR. For instance, 2x2 binning will result in roughly twice the SNR (in bright areas of the image).

Binning is done in the digital domain of the camera.

Fig. 9.16 shows a schematic of 2x2 binning: pixels in a 2x2 neighbourhood (displayed as pixels with the same color in the schematic) are binned together: their intensity values are summed and divided by four. The output image has half the height and half the width of the input image.

Figure 9.16: Example of 2x2 binning

9.5.2 Camera settings

The camera supports binning settings of 1, 2, 4 or 8 in horizontal and vertical direction. The relevant parameters for binning are shown in Table 9.3.

Property Type Description

BinningHorizontal Integer Number of pixels combined in binning in horizontal

direction.

BinningVertical Integer Number of pixels combined in binning in vertical direction.

Binning_Bitshift Integer Additional left bitshift after binning (overﬂow is ignored)

Height Integer Height of the output image.

Width Integer Width of the output image.

Table 9.3: Binning parameters

Binning might increase the maximal frame rate if it is currently limited by the setting of the maximal data rate (MaxDataRateInterface).

9.6 Crosshairs

9.6.1 Functionality

The crosshairs inserts a vertical and horizontal line into the image. The width of these lines is one pixel. The grey level is deﬁned by a 12 bit value (0 means black, 4095 means white). This

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9.6 Crosshairs

allows to set any grey level to get the maximum contrast depending on the acquired image. The x/y position and the grey level can be set via the camera software. Figure Fig. 9.17 shows two examples of the activated crosshairs with different grey values. One with white lines and the other with black lines.

Figure 9.17: Crosshairs Example with different grey values

The x- and y-positon is absolute to the sensor pixel matrix. It is independent on the ROI, MROI or decimation conﬁgurations. Fig. 9.18 shows two situations of the crosshairs conﬁguration. The same MROI settings is used in both situations. The crosshairs however is set differently. The crosshairs is not seen in the image on the right, because the x- and y-position is set outside the MROI region.

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9 Pixel Data Processing

( 0 , 0 )

( x

a b s o l u t

, y

a b s o l u t

, G r e y L e v e l )

R O I

( 0 , 0 )

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

R O I

( x

a b s o l u t

, y

a b s o l u t

, G r e y L e v e l )

R O IR O I

( x

m a x

, y

m a x

)

Figure 9.18: Crosshairs absolute position

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9.7 Status Line and Image Information

4 8 1 2 1 6 2 0

P r e a m b l e

F i e l d 0

0P i x e l :

1 2 3 5 6 7 9 1 0 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 1 2 2 2 3

L S B

M S B

6 6 B B 0 0 F F

F i e l d 1 F i e l d 2 F i e l d 3 F i e l d 4

L S B L S B L S B L S B L S B

M S B M S B M S B M S B M S B

9.7 Status Line and Image Information

There are camera properties available that give information about the acquired images, such as integration time, ROI settings or average image value. These properties can be queried by software. Alternatively, a status line within the image data can be switched on that contains all the available image information.

9.7.1 Image Average Value

The average image value gives the average of an image in 12 bit format (0 .. 4095 DN), regardless of the currently used grey level resolution. Note that the 12-bit format was chosen to be compatible with other Photonfocus cameras

9.7.2 Status Line Format

If enabled, the status line replaces the last row of the image with camera status information. Every parameter is coded into ﬁelds of 4 pixels (LSB ﬁrst) and uses the lower 8 bits of the pixel value, so that the total size of a parameter ﬁeld is 32 bit (see Fig. 9.19). The assignment of the parameters to the ﬁelds is listed in Table 9.4.

The status line is available in all camera modes.

Figure 9.19: Status line parameters replace the last row of the image

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9 Pixel Data Processing

Start pixel index Parameter width [bit] Parameter Description

0 32 Preamble: 0x66BB00FF

4 32 Counter 0 Value (see Section 5.1)

8 32 Counter 1 Value (see Section 5.1)

12 32 Counter 2 Value (see Section 5.1)

16 32 Counter 3 Value (see Section 5.1)

20 32 Timer 0 Value in units of clock cycles (see Section

5.2)

24 32 Timer 1 Value in units of clock cycles (see Section

5.2)

28 32 Timer 2 Value in units of clock cycles (see Section

5.2)

32 32 Timer 3 Value in units of clock cycles (see Section

5.2)

36 24 Integration Time 1 in units of clock cycles

40 24 not used

44 32 Timer and Integration Time Clock Frequency in

48 12 Image Average Value("raw" data without taking

in account gain settings) (see Section 9.7.1)

52 12 Horizontal start position of ROI (OffsetX)

56 12 Image Width

60 12 Vertical start position of ROI (OffsetY). In

MROI-mode this parameter is the start position of the ﬁrst ROI.

64 12 Image Height

68 2 Digital Gain

72 12 Digital Offset

76 16 FineGain. This is ﬁxed a point value in the

format: 4 digits integer value, 12 digits fractional value.

80 1 Line Input Level; 0: Line0, 1: Line1; 2: Line2

84 16 Camera Type Code (see Table 9.5)

88 32 Camera Serial Number

92 32 Custom value 0: value of register

StatusLineCustomValue0 that can be set by the user

96 32 Custom value 1: value of register

StatusLineCustomValue1 that can be set by the user

Table 9.4: Assignment of status line ﬁelds

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9.8 Test Images

9.7.3 Camera Type Codes

Camera Model Camera Type Code

MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2-12 502

Table 9.5: Type codes of Photonfocus MV3-D640-M01 GigE cameras series

9.8 Test Images

Test images are generated in the camera FPGA, independent of the image sensor. They can be used to check the transmission path from the camera to the frame grabber. Independent from the conﬁgured grey level resolution, every possible grey level appears the same number of times in a test image. Therefore, the histogram of the received image must be ﬂat.

A test image is a useful tool to ﬁnd data transmission errors that are caused most often by a defective cable between camera and frame grabber.

The analysis of the test images with a histogram tool gives the correct result at a resolution of 512 x 512 pixels only.

9.8.1 Ramp

Depending on the conﬁgured grey level resolution, the ramp test image outputs a constant pattern with increasing grey level from the left to the right side (see Fig. 9.20).

Figure 9.20: Ramp test images: 8 bit output (left), 10 bit output (middle),12 (right)

9.8.2 LFSR

The LFSR (linear feedback shift register) test image outputs a constant pattern with a pseudo-random grey level sequence containing every possible grey level that is repeated for every row. The LFSR test pattern was chosen because it leads to a very high data toggling rate, which stresses the interface electronic and the cable connection. In the histogram you can see that the number of pixels of all grey values are the same.

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9 Pixel Data Processing

Figure 9.21: LFSR (linear feedback shift register) test image

9.8.3 Troubleshooting using the LFSR

To control the quality of your complete imaging system enable the LFSR mode, set the camera window to 512 x 512 pixels (x=0 and y=0) and check the histogram. If your frame grabber application does not provide a real-time histogram, store the image and use a graphic software tool to display the histogram.

In the LFSR (linear feedback shift register) mode the camera generates a constant pseudo-random test pattern containing all grey levels. If the data transmission is correctly received, the histogram of the image will be ﬂat (Fig. 9.22). On the other hand, a non-ﬂat histogram (Fig. 9.23) indicates problems, that may be caused either by a defective camera, by problems in the acquisition software or in the transmission path.

Figure 9.22: LFSR test pattern received at the frame grabber and typical histogram for error-free data transmission

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9.8 Test Images

Figure 9.23: LFSR test pattern received at the frame grabber and histogram containing transmission errors

In robots applications, the stress that is applied to the camera cable is especially high due to the fast movement of the robot arm. For such applications, special drag chain capable cables are available. Please contact the Photonfocus Support for consulting expertise.

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Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC)

10.1 TEC Description

The sensor has an integrated thermoelectrical cooler (TEC) which is driven by camera electronic to stabilize the temperature of the sensor. The performance of the camera TEC is mainly limited by the heat transfer capability of the system setup. The sensor TEC is controlled by a PID controller which can cool and heat the sensor. The PID controller is implemented as an inverted OPV PID controller were the parameters are related to speciﬁc resistors and capacitors. The values of the controller parameters are determined by the response of the camera in standard setups.

The user can set the target temperature for the sensor TEC through software. The current through the TEC is limited in the camera to TBDX ≤ 1A. Table 10.1 gives the minimum temperature set point in dependency of ambient temperature and the thermal resistivity. The actual sensor temperature and the TEC current can be read software. The data of several measurements are averaged. The higher the ambient temperature and the higher the thermal resistivity in the vision system setup, the higher is the minimal stable temperature of the SWIR sensor.

Thermal resistivity Sensor Temperature @RT Sensor Temperature @50°C

0.7 K/W TBD TBD

0.9 K/W TBD TBD

Table 10.1: Minimal sensor temperature for different thermal resistivities as a function of ambient temperature

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Precautions

11.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE!

READ THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE BEFORE OPERATING THE CAMERA

STORE THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE FOR FURTHER READING

The installation of the camera in the vision system should be executed by trained and instructed employees.

DANGER - Electric Shock Hazard

Unapproved power supplies may cause electric shock. Serious injury or death may occur.

• You must use camera power supplies which meet the Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) and Limited Power Source (LPS) requirements.

• If you use a powered hub or a powered switch in PoE or USB vision systems these devices must meet the SELV and LPS requirements.

WARNING - Fire Hazard

Unapproved power supplies may cause ﬁre and burns.

• You must use camera power supplies which meet the Limited Power Source (LPS) requirements.

• If you use a powered hub or a powered switch in PoE or USB vision systems these devices must meet the LPS requirements.

Supply voltages outside of the speciﬁed range will cause damage. Check the supply voltage range given in this manual. Avoid reverse supply voltages.

Respect the voltage limits and the common mode rails of the camera control signals. Ensure that the output signals are not over loaded. Respect the power limitations of the outputs. Carefully design the vision system before you connect electronic devices to the camera. Use simulation tools to check your design.

Avoid compensation currents over data cables. Use appropriate ground connections and grounding materials in the installation of your vision system to ensure equal potential of all chassis earth in your system.

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11 Precautions

Incorrect plugs can damage the camera connectors. Use only the connectors speciﬁed by Photonfocus in this manual. Using plugs designed for a smaller or a larger number of pins can damage the connectors.

The cameras deliver the data to the vision system over interfaces with high bandwidth. Use only shielded data cables to avoid EMC and data transmission issues. High speed data cables are susceptible to mechanical stress. Avoid mechanical stress and bending of the cables below the minimum bending radius of the cables during installation of your vision system. For robot applications appropriate cables have to be used.

Inappropriate software code to control the cameras may cause unexpected camera behaviour.

• The code examples provided in the Photonfocus software package are in-

• To ensure that the examples will work properly in your application, you

cluded as sample code only. Inappropriate code may cause your camera to function differently than expected and may compromise your application. The Photonfocus software package is available on the Photonfocus website: www.photonfocus.com.

must adjust them to meet your speciﬁc needs and must carefully test them thoroughly prior to use.

Avoid dust on the sensor.

The camera is shipped with a plastic cap on the lens mount. To avoid collecting dust on the camera’s IR cut ﬁlter (colour cameras) or sensor (mono and mono NIR cameras), make sure that you always put the plastic cap in place when there is no lens mounted on the camera. Follow these general rules:

• Always put the plastic cap in place when there is no lens mounted on the camera.

• Make sure that the camera is pointing down every time you remove or replace the plastic cap, a lens or a lens adapter.

• Never apply compressed air to the camera. This can easily contaminate optical components, particularly the sensor.

Cleaning of the sensor

Avoid cleaning the surface of the camera sensor or ﬁlters if possible. If you must clean it:

• Before cleaning disconnect the camera from camera power supply and I/O connectors.

• Follow the instructions given in the section “Cleaning the Sensor” in this manual.

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11.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE!

Cleaning of the housing

To clean the surface of the camera housing:

• Before cleaning disconnect the camera from camera power supply and I/O connectors.

• Do not use aggressive solvents or thinners which can damage the surface, the serial number label and electronic parts.

• Avoid the generation of ESD during cleaning.

• Take only a small amount of detergent to clean the camera body. Keep in mind that the camera body complies to the IP30 standard.

• Make sure the detergent has evaporated after cleaning before reconnecting the camera to the power supply.

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Hardware Interface

12.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Value

Camera Control Input Signal Voltage Single Ended -0 V ... +24 V

Camera Control Output Signal Voltage Single Ended 0 V ... +24 V

Camera Control Output Signal Output Current Single Ended 0.5 A

Camera Control Output Signal Output Power Single Ended 0.35 W

ESD Contact Discharge Camera Control Signals 4 kV

ESD Air Discharge Camera Control Signals 8 kV

Fast Transients/Bursts Data and Camera Control Signals 1 kV

Surge immunity Data and Camera Control Signals 1 kV

Table 12.1: Absolute Maximum Ratings

12.2 Electrical Characteristics

Parameter Value

Camera Control Input Single Ended +5 V ... +20 V

Table 12.2: Electrical Characteristics

12.3 GigE Camera Connector

The GigE cameras are interfaced to external components via

• an x-coded M12 connector to transmit conﬁguration, image data and trigger.

• a 12 pol. Fischer connector for two I/O inputs and two I/O outputs.

The connectors are located on the back of the camera. Fig. 12.1 shows the plugs and the status LED which indicates camera operation.

12.4 Power Supply

The camera requires a single voltage input (see Table 3.3). The camera meets all performance speciﬁcations using standard switching power supplies, although well-regulated linear power supplies provide optimum performance.

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12 Hardware Interface









81&



0[









Figure 12.1: Rear view of the GigE camera

It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera.

For further details including the pinout please refer to Appendix Appendix A.

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12.5 Status Indicator (GigE cameras)

Six LEDs on the back of the camera gives information about the current status of the GigE CMOS cameras. LED S0, S1 and S2 (from left to right) are conﬁgurable. It can be selected, which camera status information is shown by these LEDs (see Section 6.2 for the available camera status signals).

LED designator Default function

LED S0 It pulsates, when the camera is not grabbing images. It means, the

intensity starts from dark and goes slowly to bright and slowly to dark again.When the camera is grabbing images the LED blinks at a rate equal to the frame rate. At slow frame rates, the LED blinks. At high frame rates the LED changes to an apparently continuous green light, with intensity proportional to the ratio of readout time over frame time.

LED S1 Indicates an active serial communication with the camera.

LED S2 dark, not used in default conﬁguration

Table 12.3: Default LED S0, S1 and S2 conﬁguration of the GigE CMOS cameras

LED designator Function

LED P0 Off

LED P1 Off: No Link; Solid On: 1Gbps Link - No Activity; Blink: 1Gbps Link - Activity

LED P2 Solid On

Table 12.4: Meaning of LED P0, P1 and P2 of the GigE CMOS cameras

12.6 I/O Connector

12.6.1 Overview

The 12-pol. Fischer I/O connector contains two external single-ended line inputs, two external single-ended line outputs.

The pinout of the I/O connector is described in Appendix A.

A suitable trigger breakout cable for Fischer 12 pol. connector can be ordered from your Photonfocus dealership.

Simulation with LTSpice is possible, a simulation model can be downloaded from our web site www.photonfocus.com on the software download page (in Support section). It is ﬁled under "Third Party Tools".

Fig. 12.2 shows the schematic of the input and output for the I/O interface. The input and output are isolated.

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I S O _ I N 0

I S O _ O U T 1

I S O _ G N D

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r C o n n e c t o r

C a m e r a

C a m e r a F i r m w a r e

I / O C o n t r o l

L i n e I n 0

L i n e O u t 1

I S O _ G N D

C A M E R A _ G N D

C u r r e n t L i m i t e r

I S O _ O U T 0

L i n e O u t 0

I S O _ G N D

C A M E R A _ G N D

I S O _ I N 1 L i n e I n 1

I S O _ G N D

C A M E R A _ G N D

C u r r e n t L i m i t e r

Figure 12.2: Schematic of inputs and output

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12.6.2 Single-ended Line Input

I S O _ I N

C a m e r a

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r

C o n n e c t o r

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

I S O _ G N D

C u r r e n t L i m i t e r

I S O _ I N

C a m e r a

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

Y O U R _ V C C

C o n t r o l L o g i c

I S O _ G N D

C u r r e n t L i m i t e r

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r

C o n n e c t o r

ISO_IN is a single-ended isolated input (see Fig. 12.2).

Fig. 12.3 shows a direct connection to the ISO_IN input.

Figure 12.3: Direct connection to ISO_IN

Fig. 12.4 shows how to connect ISO_IN to TTL logic output device.

12.6 I/O Connector

Figure 12.4: Connection to ISO_IN from a TTL logic device

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I S O _ O U T

C a m e r a

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

C o n t r o l L o g i c

Y O U R _ P W R

4 k 7

Y O U R _ P W R

I S O _ G N D

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r

C o n n e c t o r

Y O U R _ P W R

I S O _ O U T

C a m e r a

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

I S O _ G N D

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r

C o n n e c t o r

Y O U R _ P W R

R e s p e c t t h e l i m i t s o f t h e o p t o c o p l e r !

I S O _ O U T

C a m e r a

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

I S O _ G N D

1 2 p o l . F i s c h e r

C o n n e c t o r

12.6.3 Single-ended Line Output

ISO_OUT is a single-ended isolated output.

Fig. 12.5 shows the connection from the ISO_OUT output to a TTL logic device.

Figure 12.5: Connection example to ISO_OUT

Fig. 12.6 shows the connection from ISO_OUT to a LED.

Figure 12.6: Connection from ISO_OUT to a LED

Respect the limits of the opto-isolator in the connection to ISO_OUT. Maximal ratings that must not be exceeded: voltage: 24 V, current: 50 mA, power: 150 mW. (see also Fig. 12.7). The type of the opto-isolator is: Everlight EL3H7C.

Figure 12.7: Limits of ISO_OUT output

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12.6 I/O Connector

4 k 7

Y O U R _ P W R

I S O _ O U T

I S O _ G N D

Y O U R _ G N D

I S O _ G N D

M a s t e r C a m e r a

I S O _ I N

S l a v e C a m e r a

I S O _ G N D

C u r r e n t L i m i t e r

I S O _ G N D

12.6.4 Master / Slave Camera Connection

The trigger input of one Photonfocus MV3 camera can easily be connected to the strobe output of another Photonfocus MV3 camera as shown in Fig. 12.8. This results in a master/slave mode where the slave camera operates synchronously to the master camera.

Figure 12.8: Master / slave connection of two Photonfocus MV3 cameras

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I s o l a t o r

C A M _ G N D

I S O _ I N

I S O _ G N D

G r o u n d p l a n e v o l t a g e d i f f e r e n c e

I S O _ G N D

S e p a r a t e g r o u n d

n o g r o u n d l o o p

12.6.5 I/O Wiring

The Photonfocus cameras include electrically isolated inputs and outputs. Take great care when wiring trigger and strobe signals to the camera, specially over big distances (a few meters) and in noisy environments. Improper wiring can introduce ground loops which lead to malfunction of triggers and strobes.

There are two roads to avoid ground loops:

• Separating I/O ground and power supply (ISO_GND and ISO_PWR) from camera power (CAM_GND, CAM_PWR)

• Using a common power supply for camera and I/O signals with star-wiring

Separate Grounds

To separate the signal and ground connections of the camera (CAM_GND, CAM_PWR, data connections) from the I/O connections (ISO_GND, ISO_PWR, ISO_IN, ISO_OUT) is one way to avoid ground loops. Fig. 12.9 shows a schematic of this setup. In this setup the power supplies for the camera and for ISO power must be separate devices.

Figure 12.9: I/O wiring using separate ground

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12.6 I/O Connector

D e v i c e 1

D e v i c e 2

D e v i c e 3

D e v i c e 4

D e v i c e n

. . .

S t a r P o i n t

G N D P W R

I s o l a t o r

C A M _ G N D

I S O _ I N

I S O _ G N D

S t a r w i r i n i g

n o g r o u n d l o o p

Common Grounds with Star Wiring

Ground loops can be avoided using "star wiring", i.e. the wiring of power and ground connections originate from one "star point" which is typically a power supply. Fig. 12.10 shows a schematic of the star-wiring concept.

Fig. 12.11 shows a schematic of the star-wiring concept applied to a Photonfocus GigE camera.The power supply and ground connections for the camera and for the I/O are connected to the same power supply which acts as the "Star Point".

Figure 12.10: Star-wiring principle

Figure 12.11: I/O wiring using star-wiring

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12 Hardware Interface

P o w e r S u p p l y

C a m e r a

F l a s h

M a c h i n e V i s i o n

S y s t e m P C

E t h e r n e t D a t a C a b l e

S T R

C A M _ P W R

C A M _ G N D

I S O _ O U T

I S O _ P W R

I S O _ G N D

I S O _ I N

S t a r t P o i n t

L i g h t B a r r i e r

Fig. 12.12 shows an example of how to connect a ﬂash light and a trigger source to the camera using star-wiring. The trigger in this example is generated from a light barrier. Note how the power and ground cables are connected to the same power supply.

Figure 12.12: I/O wiring using star-wiring example

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An example of improper wiring that causes a ground loop is shown in Fig. 12.13.

I s o l a t o r

C A M _ G N D

I S O _ I N

I S O _ G N D

G r o u n d p l a n e v o l t a g e d i f f e r e n c e

C o n n e c t i n g C A M _ G N D a n d

I S O _ G N D t h e w r o n g w a y

G r o u n d l o o p

12.6 I/O Connector

Figure 12.13: Improper I/O wiring causing a ground loop

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Miscellaneous

13.1 Mechanical Interface

During storage and transport, the camera should be protected against vibration, shock, moisture and dust. The original packaging protects the camera adequately from vibration and shock during storage and transport. Please either retain this packaging for possible later use or dispose of it according to local regulations.

13.1.1 MV3 cameras with GigE Interface

Fig. 13.1 shows the mechanical drawing of the camera housing for the Photonfocus MV3-D640I-M01-G2 cameras with GigE interface (all values in mm).

Figure 13.1: Mechanical dimensions of the MV3-D640I-M01-G2 GigE model

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13 Miscellaneous

13.2 Optical Interface

13.2.1 Cleaning the Sensor

The sensor is part of the optical path and should be handled like other optical components: with extreme care.

Dust can obscure pixels, producing dark patches in the images captured. Dust is most visible when the illumination is collimated. Dark patches caused by dust or dirt shift position as the angle of illumination changes. Dust is normally not visible when the sensor is positioned at the exit port of an integrating sphere, where the illumination is diffuse.

1. The camera should only be cleaned in ESD-safe areas by ESD-trained personnel using wrist straps. Ideally, the sensor should be cleaned in a clean environment. Otherwise, in dusty environments, the sensor will immediately become dirty again after cleaning.

2. Use a high quality, low pressure air duster (e.g. Electrolube EAD400D, pure compressed inert gas, www.electrolube.com) to blow off loose particles. This step alone is usually sufﬁcient to clean the sensor of the most common contaminants.

Workshop air supply is not appropriate and may cause permanent damage to the sensor.

3. If further cleaning is required, use a suitable lens wiper or Q-Tip moistened with an appropriate cleaning ﬂuid to wipe the sensor surface as described below. Examples of suitable lens cleaning materials are given in Table 13.1. Cleaning materials must be ESD-safe, lint-free and free from particles that may scratch the sensor surface.

Do not use ordinary cotton buds. These do not fulﬁl the above requirements and permanent damage to the sensor may result.

4. Wipe the sensor carefully and slowly. First remove coarse particles and dirt from the sensor using Q-Tips soaked in 2-propanol, applying as little pressure as possible. Using a method similar to that used for cleaning optical surfaces, clean the sensor by starting at any corner of the sensor and working towards the opposite corner. Finally, repeat the procedure with methanol to remove streaks. It is imperative that no pressure be applied to the surface of the sensor or to the black globe-top material (if present) surrounding the optically active surface during the cleaning process.

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13.2 Optical Interface

Product Supplier Remark

EAD400D Airduster Electrolube, UK www.electrolube.com

Anticon Gold 9"x 9" Wiper Milliken, USA ESD safe and suitable for

class 100 environments. www.milliken.com

TX4025 Wiper Texwipe www.texwipe.com

Transplex Swab Texwipe

Small Q-Tips SWABS BB-003

Large Q-Tips SWABS CA-003

Q-tips Hans J. Michael GmbH,

Germany

Q-tips Hans J. Michael GmbH,

Germany

www.hjm-reinraum.de

Point Slim HUBY-340 Q-tips Hans J. Michael GmbH,

Germany

Methanol Fluid Johnson Matthey GmbH,

Germany

Semiconductor Grade

99.9% min (Assay), Merck 12,6024, UN1230, slightly ﬂammable and poisonous. www.alfa-chemcat.com

2-Propanol (Iso-Propanol)

Fluid Johnson Matthey GmbH,

Germany

Semiconductor Grade

99.5% min (Assay) Merck 12,5227, UN1219, slightly ﬂammable. www.alfa-chemcat.com

Table 13.1: Recommended materials for sensor cleaning

For cleaning the sensor, Photonfocus recommends the products available from the suppliers as listed in Table 13.1.

Cleaning tools (except chemicals) can be purchased directly from Photonfocus (www.photonfocus.com).

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13.3 Temperature Monitor

The camera contains a temperature monitor system to protect the camera electronics from damage due to excessive heat. There are 3 temperature sensing diodes in the camera:

Sensor PCB: Temperature diode on the sensor board.

Proc PCB: Temperature diode on the processor board.

FPGA: Temperature diode on the camera FPGA.

The camera reads these 3 temperature values periodically and compares them to user-deﬁned higher and lower limits. These limits can be set individually for every temperature diode. If any of the temperature diodes reports a temperature that is above its higher limit then the camera is put to a power-down state where the TEC and the image sensor are shut down. No images are acquired in power-down state. If the temperature of all temperature monitors is below their higher limit and at least one of the temperatures is below its lower limit then the camera resumes its normal operating state.

It is recommended to not set the higher limit higher than the predeﬁned values: Sensor PCB HighLimit = 60.0 deg C, Proc PCB HighLimit = 60.0 deg C, FPGA HighLimit = 79.99 deg C.

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Troubleshooting

14.1 No images can be acquired

If no images can be acquired then the cause could be one of the following:

1. Camera is not triggered: see Section 14.1.1

First proceed with the above listed action. If still no images can be acquired then write an e-mail to Photonfocus support (support@photonfocus.com).

14.1.1 No acquisition due to no triggers

Set the camera to the free-running trigger mode (TriggerMode=Off).

If no images can be acquired in free-running mode then triggering is not the main cause of the acquisition problem.

If images can be acquired in free-running mode but not in your chosen trigger mode then check the electrical connection of the trigger signal (see also Section 12.6).

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Photon Focus MV3-D640I-M01-144-G2-12, MV3-D640I-M01-144-CL User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Preface

1.1 IMPORTANT NOTICE!

1.2 About Photonfocus

1.3 Contact

1.5 Further information

1.6 Legend

Introduction

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Camera Naming Convention

2.3 Camera list

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Feature Overview

3.3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

3.3.2 Electrical Characteristics

3.3.3 Spectral Response

Image Acquisition

4.1 Overview

4.1.1 Vocabulary

4.1.2 Structure

4.1.3 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Control Parameters

4.1.4 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Trigger

4.1.5 Image Acquisition, Frame and Exposure Status

4.2 Acquisition Control

4.2.1 Acquisition Start and Stop Commands, Acquisition Mode and Acquisition Frame Count

4.2.2 Acquisition Frame Rate and Acquisition Frame Rate Enable

4.2.3 Acquisition Start Trigger

4.2.4 Acquisition End Trigger

F r a m e C o n t r o l

F r a m e S t a r t T r i g g e r

4.2.5 Acquisition Control Output Signals

4.3.2 Frame Burst Start Trigger

4.3.3 Frame Burst End Trigger

4.3.4 Frame Control Output Signals

E x p o s u r e C o n t r o l

E x p o s u r e S t a r t T r i g g e r

4.4.1 Exposure Mode

4.4.3 Exposure End Trigger

4.4.4 Exposure Control Output Signals

4.5 Overlapped Image Acquisition Timing

4.6.1 Trigger Source Selection

4.6.2 Trigger Software

4.6.3 Trigger Mode

4.6.4 Trigger Activation

4.6.5 Trigger Divider

4.6.6 Trigger Delay

4.7 Software Signal Pulse and User Output

Counter & Timer

C o u n t e r

5.1.1 Counter Usage

5.1.2 Counter Status

5.1.3 Counter Active, -Start and -End Signal

5.1.4 Counter Reset

5.1.5 Counter Event Source

5.1.6 Counter Trigger Source

5.1.7 Counter Reset Source

T i m e r

5.2.1 Timer Usage

5.2.2 Timer Status

5.2.3 Timer Active, -Start and -End Signal

5.2.4 Timer Reset

5.2.5 Timer Trigger Source

I/O Control

6.1 Input Signal Path

6.2 Output Signal Path

Image Format Control

7.1 Region of Interest (ROI)

7.2 Multiple Regions of Interest (MROI)

Frame Rate

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Read-out Mode

8.3 Common parameters

8.4 Sequential Read-out Timing

8.5 Interleave Read-out Timing 1

8.6 Interleave Read-out Timing 2

8.7 MROI

8.8 Maximum Frame Rate Table