Phoenix BIOS 4.0 Revision 6 manual

Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0

Revision 6

User's Manual

Phoenix Technologies Ltd., 411 E. Plumeria, San Jose, CA 95134

Copyright

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

22 June 2000



2000 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

All Rights Reserved.

Disclaimer

The programs are provided "as is" without warranty of any kind either expressed
or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose. This publication could contain technical
inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of this
publication. Phoenix Technologies Ltd. is without obligation to notify any
person of such revisions or changes.

Purpose of Document

This guide explains how to configure your PC and optimize its performance
using the Setup program. It also explains how to use the BIOS function calls in
writing computer programs.

PB4.0 UM 06.22.00

Page ii Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

C

ontents

About This Manual......................................................................................1

Chapter 1The Setup Guide.........................................................................2

The Main Menu...................................................................................2

The Menu Bar.............................................................................3

The Legend Bar..........................................................................3

The Field Help Window ..............................................................4

The General Help Window .........................................................4

Main Menu Selections ................................................................4

Master and Slave Sub-Menus ....................................................5

Memory Cache ...........................................................................7

Memory Shadow.........................................................................8

Boot Sequence...........................................................................9

Keyboard Features...................................................................10

Boot Menu.........................................................................................11

The Advanced Menu.........................................................................12

Advanced Chipset Control (No PCI).........................................13

Advanced Chipset Control Menu (PCI BIOS)...........................14

PCI Devices Menu....................................................................15

I/O Device Configuration Menu.................................................16

The Security Menu............................................................................18

The Power Menu...............................................................................19

The Exit Menu...................................................................................21

Saving Values...........................................................................21

Exit Discarding Changes ..........................................................21

Load Setup Defaults.................................................................21

Discard Changes......................................................................22

Save Changes..........................................................................22

PhoenixBIOS Messages...................................................................23

Chapter 2 Boot Utilities .............................................................................26

Phoenix QuietBoot............................................................................26

Press <ESC>............................................................................26

Press <F2>...............................................................................26

POST Error...............................................................................26

Keyboard Input Request...........................................................27

Phoenix MultiBoot.............................................................................27

The Boot First Menu.................................................................27

Chapter 3 Phoenix Phlash ........................................................................28

Installation.........................................................................................28

Create the Crisis Recovery Diskette.................................................28

Updating the Crisis Recovery Diskette .............................................29

Executing Phoenix Phlash................................................................29

Crisis Recovery Mode.......................................................................30

Chapter 4 Programmer's Guide................................................................31

What is a ROM BIOS?......................................................................31

ROM BIOS Functions...............................................................32

Initialize and Configure the computer.......................................32

BIOS Services ..........................................................................32

System Hardware Requirements......................................................32

Fixed Disk Tables .............................................................................33

PhoenixBIOS Function Keys ............................................................34

POST Errors and Beep Codes .........................................................34

Recoverable POST Errors........................................................34

Terminal POST Errors..............................................................34

Test Points and Beep Codes....................................................34

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 Services ...............................................................39

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Contents PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

BIOS32 Service Directory.........................................................39

Interrupt 10h–Video Services ...................................................41

Interrupt 11h–Return System Information ................................43

Interrupt 12h–Return Memory Size...........................................43

Interrupt 13h–Diskette Services ...............................................43

Interrupt 13h–Fixed Disk Services............................................46

Interrupt 13h–Extended Fixed Disk Services ...........................49

Interrupt 13h–Bootable CD-ROM Services ..............................50

Interrupt 14h–Serial Services ...................................................51

Interrupt 15h–System Services ................................................53

Interrupt 15h–APM Services.....................................................56

Interrupt 15h–Big Memory Services .........................................59

Interrupt 15h–PS/2 Mouse Services.........................................60

Interrupt 15h–EISA Services ....................................................61

Interrupt 16h–Keyboard Services.............................................63

Interrupt 17h–Parallel Printer Services.....................................64

Interrupt 17h–EPP Services .....................................................64

Interrupt 1Ah–Time of Day Services.........................................68

Interrupt 1Ah–General PCI Services ........................................68

PnP Run-Time Services ...........................................................70

SMBIOS Services.....................................................................74

MultiBoot III Run-Time Services...............................................76

BIOS Data Area................................................................................77

Extended BIOS Data Area........................................................79

Interrupt Vectors ...............................................................................80

Index.........................................................................................................81

Page iv Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

A

bout This Manual

This manual is divided into the following chapters:

Chapter 1 - The Setup Guide

This chapter describes a typical menu-driven Phoenix Setup program, which
allows you to specify changes in the computer hardware (e.g. add a new diskette
drive) and optimize system performance. Setup maximizes your control over
your system's features and performance.

This Setup Guide is only an example. The Setup menus on your computer may
be quite different. Consult the Setup manual supplied with your computer.

Chapter 2 - PhoenixBIOS Utilities

This chapter describes two new programs that give you more control over the
boot process:

•

•

Phoenix QuietBoot
Phoenix MultiBoot

Chapter 3 - Phoenix Phlash

This chapter describes how to use the Phoenix Phlash utility for upgrading your
BIOS without having to replace the BIOS ROM chip.

Chapter 4 - Programmer's Guide

This chapter gives programmers and expert PC users a detailed description of
PhoenixBIOS. It contains the following sections:

•

Overview

•

Hardware Requirements

•

Fixed Disk Tables

•

Function Keys

•

POST Errors and Beep Codes

•

BIOS Services

•

BIOS Data Area

•

Interrupt Vector Table

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. Page 1

1

The Setup Guide

With the
control the special features of your computer. The Setup program uses a number
of menus for making changes and turning the special features on or off.

Note

displayed on your screen may be quite different and depend on the hardware and
features installed in your computer. For more accurate information about your
BIOS Setup program, consult your system manual or contact the manufacturer.

The Main Menu

To start the Phoenix

Item Specific Help
System Time [16:19:20]
System Date: [03/02/1994]

Legacy Diskette A: [1.44/1.25 MB 3½”]
Legacy Diskette B [Not Installed]



Primary Master 6449 MB



Secondary Slave None



Secondary Master CD-ROM



Secondary Slave None

Numlock: [Disabled]



Memory Cache [Enabled]



System Shadow [Enabled]



Video Shadow [Enabled]

System Memory 640 kB
Extended Memory 31744 kB

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

See p. 4 for a description of the fields on this menu.

PhoenixBIOS Setup

: The menus shown here are from a typical system. The actual menus

BIOS

Turn on or reboot your system. PhoenixBIOS displays this message:

Press <F2> to enter SETUP

2. Pressing <F2> displays the Main Menu, which looks like this:

Advanced Security Power Boot Exit

Main

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

program, you can modify BIOS settings and

Setup utility:

<Tab>, <Shift-Tab>, or
<Enter> selects field

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

The Menu Bar

The Menu Bar at the top of the window lists these selections:

Main

Advanced

Security

Power

Exit

Use this menu for basic system
configuration.

Use this menu to set the Advanced
Features available on you r system's
chipset.

Use this menu to set User and Supervisor
Passwords and the Backup and Virus­Check reminders.

Use this menu to configure Power­Management features.

Exits the current menu.

Use the left and right ¥ arrow keys to make a selection.
See the section below, "Exiting Setup," for a description on exiting the Main

Menu.

The Legend Bar

Use the keys listed in the legend bar on the bottom to make your selections or
exit the current menu. The chart on the following page describes the legend keys
and their alternates:

Key Function

<F1> or <Alt-H>

<Esc>

¥ arrow keys

↑

or ↓ arrow keys

<Tab> or <Shift-Tab>

<Home> or <End>

<PgUp> or <PgDn>

<F5> or <->

<F6> or <+> or <Space>

<F9>

<F10>
<Enter>
<Alt-R>

To select an item

, use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the field you want.
Then use the plus-and-minus value keys to select a value for that field. The Save
Values commands in the Exit Menu save the values currently displayed in all the
menus.

To display a sub menu

you want. Then press



A pointer (

) marks all sub menus.

General Help window (See below).
Exit this menu.
Select a different menu.
Move cursor up and down.
Cycle cursor up and down.
Move cursor to top or bottom of window.
Move cursor to next or previous page.
Select the Previo us Value for the field.
Select the Next Value for the field.
Load the Default Configuration values for

this menu.
Save and exit.
Execute Command or Select
Refresh screen.

Submenu.

P

, use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the sub menu

<Enter>

.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

The Field Help Window

The help window on the right side of each menu displays the help text for the
currently selected field. It updates as you move the cursor to each field.

The General Help Window

Pressing <F1> or <Alt-H> on any menu brings up the General Help window that
describes the legend keys and their alternates:

Setup changes system behavior by modifying the BIOS
Configuration parameters. Selecting incorrect values
may cause system boot failure; load Setup Default values
to recover.

<Up/Down> arrows select fields in current menu.
<PgUp/PgDn> moves to previous/next page on scrollable menus.
<Home/End> moves to top/bottom item of current menu.

Within a field, <F5> or <-> selects next lower value and
<F6>, <+>, or <Space> selects next higher value.

<Left/Right> arrows select menus on menu bar.
<Enter> displays more options for items marked with a
<Enter> also displays an option list on some fields.

<F9> loads factory-installed Setup Default values.
<F10> restores previous values from CMOS.

<ESC> or <Alt-X> exits Setup: in sub-menus, pressing these
keys returns to the previous menu.

<F1> or <Alt-H> displays General Help (this screen).

The scroll bar on the right of any window indicates that there is more than one
page of information in the window. Use <PgUp> and <PgDn> to display all the
pages. Pressing <Home> and <End> displays the first and last page. Pressing
<Enter> displays each page and then exits the window.

Press <Esc> to exit the current window.

General Help

[Continue]



,

Main Menu Selecti ons

You can make the following selections on the Main Menu itself. Use the sub
menus for other selections.

Feature Options Description

System Time HH:MM:SS Set the system time.
System Date MM/DD/YYYY Set the system date.
Diskette 1

Diskette 2

System Memory N/A Displays amount of conventional

Extended Memory N/A Displays the amount of extended

You can set the boot sequence of the bootable drives by selecting Boot
Sequence on the Main Menu or opening the Boot Menu.

Page 4 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

360 kB, 5 ¼"

1.2 MB, 5 ¼"
720 kB, 3 ½"

1.44/1.25 MB, 3 ½"

2.88 MB, 3 ½"
Not installed
Disabled

Select the type of floppy-disk
drive installed in your system.

1.25 MB is a Japanese media
format that requires a 3½" 3­Mode Diskette drive.

memory detected during boot up.

memory detected during boot up.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Master and Slave Sub-Menus

The Master and Slave sub-menus accessed from the Main Menu control these
types of devices:

•

Hard-disk drives

•

Removable-disk drives such as Zip drives

•

CD-ROM drives

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 supports up to two IDE disk adapters, called primary and
secondary adapters. Each adapter supports one master drive and one optional
slave drive in these possible combinations:

•

1 Master

•

1 Master, 1 Slave

•

2 Masters

•

2 Masters, 1 Slave

•

2 Masters, 2 Slaves

There is one IDE connector for each adapter on your machine, usually labeled
"Primary IDE" and "Secondary IDE." There are usually two connectors on each
ribbon cable attached to each IDE connector. When you have connected two
drives to these connectors, the one on the end of the cable is the Master.

If you need to change your drive settings, selecting one of the Master or Slave
drives on the Main Menu displays a sub-menu like this:

Main

Primary Master Item Specific Help

Type: [Auto]
Cylinders: [ 13328]
Heads: [ 15]
Sectors/Track: [ 63]
Maximum Capacity: 6449 MB

Landing Zone: [ 762]
Write Precomp: [None]

Multi Sector Transfer; [16 Sectors]
LBA Mode Control: [Enabled]
32-bit I/O: [Enabled]
Transfer Mode: [Fast PIO 4]
SMART Monitoring [Enabled]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select

Use the legend keys listed on the bottom to make your selections and exit to the
Main Menu. Use the following chart to configure the hard disk.

Feature Options Description

Type None

1 to 39
User
Auto
IDE Removable
CD-ROM
ATAPI Re movable

Cylinders 1 to 65,536 Number of cylinders.
Heads 1 to 16 Number of read/write heads.
Sectors/Track 1 to 63 Number of sectors per track.
Landing Zone* 1 to 2048 Number of the cylinder specified as the landing zone for

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Select the drive type of
the fixed disk installed
in your system. If type
User is selected,
Cylinders, Heads, and
Sectors can be edited
directly.
Auto attempts to
automatically detect the
drive type for drives
that comply with ANSI
specifications.



Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

None = Autotyping is not able to supply the drive type or
end user has selected None, disabling any drive that may
be installed.
User = You supply the hard-disk drive information in the
following fields.

Auto = Autotyping, the drive itself supplies the correct
drive information.

IDE Removable = Removable read-and-write media (e.g.,
IDE Zip drive).

CD-ROM = Readable CD-ROM drive.
ATAPI Removable = Read-and-writea media (e.g., LS120,

USB Floppy, USB Zip).

the read/write heads.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Feature Options Description

Write Precomp* 1 to 2048

Multi-Sector
Transfers

LBA Mode Control Enabled

32-Bit I/O Enabled

Transfer Mode Standard

SMART Monitoring Enabled

None
Disabled

Standard
2 sectors
4 sectors
8 sectors
16 sectors

Disabled

Disabled

Fast PIO 1
Fast PIO 2
Fast PIO 3

Fast PIO 4

Disabled

* IDE drives do not require setting Landing Zone and Write Precomp.

Number of the cylinder at which to ch ange the write
timing.

Any selection except Disabled determines the number of
sectors transferred per block. Standard is 1 sector per
block.

Enabling LBA causes Logical Block Addressing to be used
in place of Cylinders, Heads, & Sect ors.

Enables 32-bit communication between CPU and IDE
card. Requires PCI or local bus.

Selects the method for transferring the data between the
hard disk and system memory.

The Setup menu only lists those options supported by the
drive and platform.

Turn on Self-Monitoring Analysis-Reporting Technology,
which monitors condition of the hard drive and reports
when a catastrophic IDE failure is about to happen.

When you enter Setup, the Main Menu usually displays the results of

Autotyping–

information each drive provides about its own parameters (e.g.,
cylinders, heads, and sectors)–and how the drives are arranged as Masters or
Slaves on your machine.

Some older drives, however, do not use Autotyping and require selecting type
User and entering a pre-defined fixed-disk type value (e.g., 1 to 39) or specifying
the drive parameters separately with the User type selected. You can find the
correct parameters for hard-disk drives in the drive manual or written on the
casing of the drive itself.

Exiting this menu keeps your selections but loses internal autotyping

Note:

information, which may not be selected. If you exit this menu and re-enter it,
press <Enter> on Autotype again to restore the Autotype information.

: Do not attempt to change these settings unless you have an older drive that

Note

does not support autotyping.

: Before changing the contents of this menu,

Note

have established correct parameters for your drive,

them in a safe place

(e.g., tape them to the disk drive) for use in case these

write them down

write them down and store

. Once you

values are lost in CMOS or if autotyping fails. If these hard-disk parameters are
not correctly entered in CMOS, you cannot access the data on your drive.

WARNING:

Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction. To correct
mistakes, return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with <F9> and re-enter
the correct drive parameters.

Page 6 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Memory Cache

Enabling cache saves time for the CPU by holding data most recently accessed
in regular memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) in a special storage area of static
RAM (SRAM), which is faster. Before accessing regular memory, the CPU first
accesses the cache. If it does not find the data it is looking for there, it accesses
regular memory. Selecting "Memory Cache" from the Main menu displays a
menu like the one shown here. The actual features displayed depend on your
system's hardware.

Main

Memory Cache Item Specific Help

External cache: [Enabled]

Cache Interleave: [Disabled]
Cache Write Back: [Disabled]
Cache Read Cycles: [2T]

Cache System BIOS: [Disabled]
Cache Video BIOS: [Enabled]
Cache E800 - EFFF: [Disabled]
Cache E000 - E7FF: [Disabled]
Cache D800 - DFFF: [Disabled]
Cache D000 - D7FF: [Disabled]
Cache C800 - CFFF: [Disabled]
Cache C800 - CFFF: [Disabled]

Non-cacheable Regions
Region 0, start: [ 0 kB]
Region 0, size: [Disabled]
Region 1, start: [ 0 kB]
Region 1, size: [Disabled]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select

Use the legend keys listed on the bottom to make your selections and exit to the
Main Menu. Use this chart to configure the memory cache.

Feature Options Description

External Cache Enabled

Disabled.

Cache Interleave Enabled

Disabled

Cache Write Back Enabled

Disabled

Cache Read Cycles Chipset

Dependent

Cache Write Cycles Chipset

Dependent

Cache System BIOS Enabled

Disabled

Cache Video BIOS Enabled

Disabled

Cache segments, e.g., E800-EFFF Enabled

Disabled
Non-cacheable regions: Specifies areas of regular and extended memory as non-cacheable regions.
Region 0, start 0

Multiples of 64
Region 0, size Disabled

Multiples of 64
Region 1, start 0

Multiples of 64
Region 1, size Disabled

Multiples of 64

WARNING: Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction. To correct
mistakes, return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with <F9>.

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Sets the state of the
external system memory
cache.



Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Generally enables or disables all memory caching.

Interleaves multiple banks of static RAM. Improves CPU access.

Enables caches to both read and write to memory. Disabled caches reads
only.

Sets the number of clock pulses for reading from the cache. Shorter number
of pulses improves performance.

Sets the number of clock pulses for writing to the cache. Shorter number of
pulses improves performance.

Caches the system BIOS and improves performance.

Caches the video BIOS and improves performance.

Controls caching of individual segments of memory usually reserved for
shadowing system or option ROMs

Multiples of 64 define start of non-cacheable region 0 in kilobytes.

Disabling makes this region available for cache. Multiples of 64 define size
of non-cacheable region 0 in kilobytes.

Multiples of 64 define start of non-cacheable region 1 in kilobytes.

Disabling makes this region available for cache. Multiples of 64 define size
of non-cacheable region 1 in kilobytes.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Memory Shadow

Selecting "System Shadow" or "Video Shadow" from the Main Menu displays a
menu like the one shown here. The actual features displayed depend on the
capabilities of your system's hardware.

Main

Memory Shadow Item Specific Help

System shadow: Enabled
Video shadow: [Enabled]

Shadow Option ROM's –
C800 - CFFF: [Disable]
D000 - D7FF: [Disable]
D800 - DFFF: [Disable]
D800 - DFFF: [Disable]
E800 - EFFF: [Disable]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu. Use the
following chart to configure memory shadowing.

WARNING: Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction. To correct
mistakes, return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with <F9>.

Feature Options Description

System shadow N/A Usually permanently enabled.
Video shadow Enabled

Shadow Option
ROM

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility



Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Shadows video BIOS and improves

Disabled
Enabled

Disabled

performance.
Shadows option ROM located in the

specified segments of memory and
can improve performance.
WARNING: Some option ROMs do
not work properly when shadowed.

Enables shadowing of
Option ROM in this
region.

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Boot Sequence

Selecting "Boot Sequence" on the Main Menu displays the Boot Options menu.

Main

Boot Options Item Specific Help

Boot sequence: [Disabled]
SETUP prompt: [Enabled]
POST Errors: [Enabled]
Floppy check: [Enabled]
Summary screen: [Enabled]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.
Use the following chart to select your boot options.

Feature Options Description

Boot sequence A: then C;

Setup prompt Enabled

POST errors Enabled

Floppy seek Enabled

Summary screen Enabled

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

The BIOS attempts to load the
C: then A:
C: only

operating system from the disk

drives in the sequence selected

here. See also the Boot Menu

on p. 11.

Displays "Press <F2> for
Disabled

Setup" during boot up.

At boot error, pauses and
Disabled

displays "Press <F1> to

resume, <F2> to Setup".

Seeks diskette drives during
Disabled

boot up. Disabling speeds boot

time.

Displays system summary
Disabled

screen during boot up.

Order in which the
system searches for a
boot disk.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Keyboard Features

Selecting "Numlock" on the Main Menu displays the Keyboard Features menu:

Main

Keyboard Features Item Specific Help

Numlock: [Off]
Key Click: [Disabled]
Keyboard auto-repeat rate: [30/sec]
Keyboard auto-repeat delay: [1/2 sec]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.
Use the following chart to configure the keyboard features:

Numlock Auto

Key Click Enabled

Keyboard auto-repeat rate 2/sec

Keyboard auto-lag delay ¼ sec

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Selects power-on state
for Numlock key.



Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Feature Options Description

On or Off turns NumLock on or
On
Off

off at boot up. Auto turns

NumLock on if it finds a

numeric key pad.

Turns audible key click on.
Disabled

Sets the number of times a
6/sec
10/sec

second to repeat a keystroke

when you hold the key down.

13.3/sec

21.8/sec

26.7/sec
30/sec

Sets the delay time after the key

½ sec
¾ sec

is held down before it begins to

repeat the keystroke.
1 sec

Page 10 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Boot Menu

After you turn on your computer, it will attempt to load the operating system
(such as Windows 98) from the device of your choice. If it cannot find the
operating system on that device, it will attempt to load it from one or more other
devices in the order specified in the Boot Menu. Boot devices (i.e., with access
to an operating system) can include: hard drives, floppy drives, CD ROMs,
removable devices (e.g., Iomega Zip drives), and network cards.

Note: Specifying any device as a boot device on the Boot Menu requires the
availability of an operating system on that device. Most PCs come with an
operating system already installed on hard-drive C:.

Selecting "Boot" from the Menu Bar displays the Boot menu, which looks like
this:

Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit
Item Specific Help

QuickBoot Mode: [Enabled]
Display OPROM Messages: [Enabled]
Preferred Video: [AGP]
Summary Screen: [Enabled]

Removable Devices
ATAPI CD-ROM Drive

-Hard Drive
Primary Master
Bootable Add-in Card
Network Boot

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select

Use this menu to arrange to specify the priority of the devices from which the
BIOS will attempt to boot the Operating System. In the example above, the
BIOS will attempt first to boot from the CD-ROM drive (the only Removable
Device listed). Failing that, it will attempt to boot from the Primary Master hard
disk, and so on down the list.

Removable Devices, Hard Drive, and Network Boot are the generic types of
devices on your system from which you can boot an operating system. You may
have more than one device of each type. If so, the generic type is marked with a
plus or minus sign. Use the <Enter> key to expand or collapse the devices
marked with <+> or <->. Press <Ctrl+Enter> to expand all such devices.

Note: Floppy drives are not managed on this menu as part of Removable
Devices.

To change a device’s priority on the list, first select it with the up-or-down
arrows, and move it up or down using the <+> and <-> keys. Pressing <n>
moves a device between the Removable Devices and Hard Drive. Pressing
<Shift+1> enables or disables a device.

Feature Options Description

QuickBoot Mode Enabled

Display OPROM Messages Enabled

Preferred Video AGP

Summary Screen Enabled

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility



Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Disabled

Disabled

PCI

Disabled

Enabled skips some POST tests,
speeding boot time

Displays boot messages of add-on
cards. Recommended for newly
installed cards. May be disabled later.

If you have more than one video card,
select one to be used at boot.

Display system configuration screen
during POST.

Use these keys to set
the boot order in which
the BIOS attempts to
boot the OS:
<+> or <-> moves device
up or down.
<Enter> expands or
collapses devices marked
with + or -.
<Ctrl+Enter> expands all
<Shift+1> enables or
disables a device.
<n> moves a removable
device between hard or
removable disk.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

The Adv anced Menu

Selecting "Advanced" from menu bar on the Main Menu displays a menu like
this:

Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit
Item Specific Help
Setting items on this menu to incorrect values
may cause your system to malfunction.

Installed Operating System [Other]
Reset Configuration Data: [No]
PCI Configuration

PS/2 Mouse [Enabled]
Secured Setup Configurations [No]
Peripheral Configuration

Large Disk Access Mode: [DOS]
Local Bus IDE adapter: [Both]
SMART Device Monitoring: [Enabled]

Advanced Chipset Control
I/O Device Configuration

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.

Installed Operating System Other

Reset Configuration Data Yes

PS/2 Mouse Enabled

Secured Setup Configurations Yes

Large Disk Access Mode DOS

SMART Enabled

WARNING:

mistakes, return to Setup and restore the Setup Defaults with <F9>.

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Select the operating
system installed on you
system that you use most
often.

Note: An incorrect
setting can cause
unexpected behavior in
some operating systems.

Feature Options Description

Select the operatin g system you

Win95

use most often.

Win98/NT

Yes erases all configuration data

No

in a section of memory for

ESCD

(Extended System Configuration
Data) which stores the
configuration settings for non-PnP
plug-in devices. Select Yes when
required to restore the
manufacturer's defaults.

Disabled disables any installed
Disabled
Auto
OS Controlled

PS/2 mouse, but frees up IRQ 12

for use by another device. Auto

lets the BIOS control the mouse.

OS Controlled lets the operating

system control the mouse.

Yes prevents the Operating
No

System from overriding selections

you have made in Setup.

Select DOS if you have DOS.
Other

Select Other if you have another

operating system such as UNIX.

A large disk is one that has more

than 1024 cylinders, more than 16

heads, or more than 63 t r acks per

sector.

Enabled installs SMART (Self­Disabled

Monitoring Analysis-Reporting

Technology), which issues a

warning if an IDE failure is

imminent.

Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction. To correct

Page 12 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Advanced Chipset Control (No PCI)

In a system with no PCI, selecting "Advanced Chipset Control" from menu bar
on the Advanced menu displays a menu like this:

Advanced

Setting items on this menu to incorrect values
may cause your system to malfunction.

Parity check: [Enabled]
Hidden refresh: [Enabled]
Slow refresh: [Disabled]
Read wait states: [0]
Write wait states: [0]
Extra bus wait states: [0]
Multiple ALE: [Enabled]
Keyboard reset delay: [Disabled]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

The chipset consists of one or more integrated circuits that act as an interface
between the CPU and much of the system's hardware. You can use this menu to
change the values in the chipset registers and optimize your system's
performance. .

Use the legend keys to make your selections, display the sub menus, and exit to
the Main Menu.

Use the following chart in configuring the chipset:

Feature Options Description

Parity check Enabled

Hidden refresh Enabled

Slow Refresh En abled

Read wait states 0 to n Sets the number of wait states

Write wait states 0 to n Sets the number of wait states

Extra bus wait states 0 to n Sets the number of wait states

Multiple ALE Enabled

Keyboard reset delay Enabled

: The contents of this menu depend on the chipset installed on your

NOTE

motherboard, and chipsets vary widely. Consult your dealer or the chipset
manual before c hanging the items on this menu.

your system to malfunction.

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Warning! Item Specific Help

Controls system memory
parity through the
chipset.

Controls system memory parity

Disabled

checking.
Refreshes regular memory

Disabled

without holding up the CPU.
Slows memory refresh by a factor

Disabled

of 4.

added to reads from system
memory. Chipset dependent.

added to writes to system
memory. Chipset dependent.

added to accesses of the AT bus.
Chipset dependent.

Determines whether to use single

Disabled

or multiple ALEs during cycle
conversion.

Enabled adds a 2 microsecond

Disabled

delay before resetting the system.

Incorrect settings can cause

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 13

The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Advanced Chipset Control Menu (PCI BIOS)

If the system has a PCI chipset, selecting "Advanced Chipset Control" from the
Advanced menu displays a menu like this:

Advanced

Advanced Chipset Control Item Specific Help

Hidden Refresh: [Disabled]
Code Read Page Mode: [Disabled]
Write Page Mode: [Disabled]
CPU to PCI Write Buffers: [Disabled]
PCI to DRAM Write Buffers: [Disabled]
CPU to DRAM Write Buffers: [Disabled]
Snoop Ahead: [Disabled]
PCI Memory Burst Cycles: [Disabled]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

The chipset is one or more integrated circuits that act as an interface between the
CPU and the system's hardware. It manages such things as memory access,
buses, and caching. You can use this menu to optimize the performance of your
computer.

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.
Use the following chart in configuring the chipset:

Hidden Refresh Disabled

Code Read Page Mode Disabled

Write Page Mode Disabled

CPU to PCI Write Buffers Disabled

PCI to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled

CPU to DRAM Write Buffers Disabled

Snoop Ahead Disabled

PCI Memory Burst Cycles Disabled

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Enables CPU to PCI write
buffers, which allow
data to be temporarily
stored in buffers before
writing the data.

Feature Options Description

Refreshes regular memory

Enabled

without holding up the CPU
Improves performance when

Enabled

code contains mainly sequential
instructions.

Improves performance when data

Enabled

is written sequentially.
Stores CPU data in buffers

Enabled

before writing to PCI.
Stores PCI data in buffers before

Enabled

writing to DRAM.
Stores CPU data in buffers

Enabled

before writing to DRAM.
Improves PCI bus master access

Enabled

to DRAM.
Enables PCI memory burst write

Enabled

cycles.

NOTE:

The contents of this menu depend on the chipset installed on your
motherboard, and chipsets vary widely. Consult your dealer or the computer
manual before c hanging the items on this menu.

Incorrect settings can cause

your system to malfunction.

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

PCI Devices Menu

If the system has a PCI bus, selecting "PCI Devices" from menu bar on the
Advanced menu displays a menu like this:

Advanced

PCI Device Slot #1:
Option ROM Scan: [Enabled]
Enable Master: [Disabled]
Latency Timer: [0040h]

PCI Device Slot #2:
Option ROM Scan: [Disabled]
Enable Master: [Disabled]
Latency Timer: [0000]

PCI Device Slot #3
Option ROM Scan: [Disabled]
Enable Master: [Disabled]
Latency Timer: [0000]

Shared PCI IRQs: [Auto]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

PCI Devices are devices equipped for operation with a PCI (Peripheral
Component Interconnect) bus, a standardized Plug-and-Play hardware
communication system that connects the CPU with other devices. Use this menu
to configure the PCI devices installed on your system.

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Advanced menu. Use
the following chart in configuring the PCI devices:

Feature Options Description

PCI Device Slots 1-n:
Option ROM Scan Disabled

Enable Master Disabled

Latency Timer 0000h to

Shared PCI IRQs

NOTE: The contents of this menu depend on the devices installed on your
system. Incorrect settings can cause your system to malfunction. To correct
mistakes, return to Setup and restore the System Defaults (F9).

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

PCI Devices Item Specific Help

Initialize device
expansion ROM

Initialize device expansion ROM.

Enabled

Enables selected device as a PCI bus

Enabled

master. Not every device can function
as a master. Check your device
documentation.

Bus master clock rate. A high-priority,

0280h

high-throughput device may benefit

from a greater value.
Share One IRQ
Share Two IRQs
Share Three IRQs

Share n IRQs: Forces PCI devices to

use at most n IRQs.

Auto: Minimizes PCI IRQ Sharing.
Auto

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 15

The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

I/O Device Configurati on Menu

The CPU co mmunicates with external device s such as printers through devices
called Input/Output (I/O) ports such as serial and parallel ports. These I/O
devices require the use of system resources such as I/O addresses and interrupt
lines. If these devices are Plug and Play, either the BIOS can allocate the devices
during POST, or the operating system can do it. If the I/O devices are not Plug
and Play, they may require manually setting them in Setup.

On some systems, the chipset manages the communication devi ces. Other
systems have, instead, a separate I/O chip on the motherboard for configuring
and managing these devices.

Many systems allow you to control the configuration settings for the I/O ports.
Select "I/O Device Configurati on" on the Advanced Menu to display this menu
and specify how you want to configure these I/O Devices:

Advanced

I/O Device Configuration Item Specific Help

Serial Port A: [Enabled]
Base I/O address/IRQ [3F8/IRQ4]
Serial Port B: [OS Controlled]
Parallel Port: [User]
Mode: [Bi-directional]
Base I/O address [378]
Interrupt [IRQ5]

Diskette Controller [Enabled]
Base I/O address: [Primary]

Legacy USB Support: [Enabled]

F1 Help ¦Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.
Use the following chart to configure the Input/Output settings:

Feature Options Description

Serial port A:
Serial port B:

Base I/O Address/IRQ 3F8, IRQ 4
Parallel Port: Disabled

Mode Output only

Base I/O Address 378

Interrupts IRQ5
Diskette Controller Disabled
Base I/O Address Primary

Legacy USB Support Enabled

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Disabled
Enabled
Auto
OS Controlled

2F8, IRQ 3
Enabled

Auto
OS Controlled

Bi-directional

278
3BC

IRQ7
Enabled
Secondary

Disabled

Disabled turns off the port.
Enabled requires you to enter the base Input/Output address
and the Interrupt number on the next line.
Auto makes the BIOS configure the port automatically during
POST.
OS Controlled lets the PnP Operati ng System (such as
Windows 95) configure the port after POST.
If you select Enabled, choose one of these combinations.

Disabled turns off the port.
Enabled requires you to enter the base Input/Output address
and the Interrupt numb er below.
Auto makes the BIOS auto configure the por t during POST.
OS Controlled lets the PnP Operati ng System (such as
Windows 95) configure the port after POST.
Output only is standard one-way protocol for a parallel
device.
Bi-directional uses two- way protocol of an Extended
Capabilities Port (ECP).
If you select Enabled for the Parallel Port, choose one of
these I/O addresses.

If you select Enabled for the Parallel Port, choose one of
these interrupt options.
Enables the on-board legacy diskette controller.
Disabled turns off all legacy diskette drives.
If you select Enabled for the Diskette Controller, choose
Primary for one diskette drive installed or Secondary for two
diskette drives installed.
Enables support for legacy USB bus.

Enable support for
Legacy Universal Serial
Bus

Page 16 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Use this menu to specify how the I/O (Input and Output) ports are configured:

•

Manually by you.

•

Automatically by the BIOS during POST (See "ROM BIOS Functions"
on page 32)

•

Automatically by a PnP Operating System such as Windows 95 after the
Operating System boots.

Warning: If you choose the same I/O address or Interrupt for more than one port, the
menu displays an asterisk (*) at the conflicting settings. It also displays this message at
the bottom of the menu:

* Indicates a DMA, Interrupt, I/O, or memory resource
conflict with another device.

Resolve the conflict by selecting another settings for the devices.

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 17

The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

The Security Menu

Selecting "Security" from the Main Menu displays a menu like this:

Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit
Item Specific Help

Set User Password [Enter]
Set Supervisor Password [Enter]

Virus Check Reminder: [Disabled]
System backup Reminder: [Disabled]

Password on boot: [Disabled]
Diskette access: [Disabled]
Fixed disk boot sector: [Normal]

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu.
Enabling "Supervisor Password" requires a password for entering Setup. The

passwords are not case sensitive.
Pressing <Enter> at either Set Supervisor Password or Set User Password

displays a dialog box like this:

Enter new password: [ ]
Confirm new password: [ ]

Type the password and press <Enter>. Repeat.
Note: In some systems, the User and Supervisor passwords are related; you

cannot have a User password without first creating a Supervisor password. In
other systems, you can create and use them independently.

Use the following chart to configure the system-security and anti-virus options.

Feature Options Description

Set User Password Up to seven alphanumeric

Set Supervisor Password Up to seven alphanumeric

Password on boot Enabled

Diskette access Enabled

Fixed disk boot sector Normal

System backup reminder
Virus check reminder

characters

characters

Disabled

Disabled

Write Protect

Disabled
Daily
Weekly
Monthly

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Supervisor password
controls access to Setup
utility.

Set Password

Enter: Accept

Pressing <Enter> displays the dialog box for
entering the user password. In related systems, this
password gives restricted access to SETUP menus.

Pressing <Enter> displays dialog box for entering
the supervisor password. In related systems, this
password gives full access to Setup menus.

Enabled requires a password on boot. Requires prior
setting of the Supervisor password.

If supervisor password is set and this option
disabled, BIOS assumes user is booting.

Enabled requires a password to boot from or access
the floppy disk.

Write protects the boot sector on the hard disk for
virus protection. Requires a password to format or
Fdisk the hard disk.

Displays a message during boot up asking (Y/N) if
you have backed up the system or scanned it for
viruses.

Message returns on each boot until you respond with
"Y".

Daily displays the message on the first boot of the
day, Weekly on the first boot after Sunday, and
Monthly on the first boot of the month.

Page 18 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

The Power Menu

Selecting "Power" from the menu bar displays a menu like this:

Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit
Item Specific Help

Power Savings [Customize]

Standby Timeout: [15 sec]
Auto Suspend Timeout: [15 sec]

Hard Disk Timeout: [10 min]
Video Timeout: [ 5 min]

Resume On Modem Ring: [Off]
Resume On Time: [Off]

 Advanced Options

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

Use this menu to speci fy your settings for Power Management. Remember that
the options available depend upon the hardware installed in your system. Those
shown here are from a typical system.

A power-management system reduces the amount of energy used after specified
periods of inactivity. The Setup menu pictured here supports a Full On state, a
Standby state with partial power reduction, and a Suspend state with full power
reduction.

Use the Advanced Options on this menu to specify whether or not the activity of
interrupts can terminate a Standby or Suspend state and restore Full On. Do not
change these settings without knowing which devices use the interrupts.

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Select Power Management
Mode. Choosing modes
changes system power
management settings.
Maximum Power Savings
conserves the greatest
amount of system power
while Maximum
Performance conserves
power but allows
greatest system
performance. To alter
these settings, choose
Customize. To turn off
power management, choose
Disable.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Use the legend keys to make your selections and exit to the Main Menu. Use the
following chart in making your selections:

Feature Options Description

Power Management Mode Disabled

Standby Timeout Off

Auto Suspend Timeout Disabled

Hard Disk Timeout Disabled

Video Timeout Disabled

Resume On Modem Ring Off

Resume On Time Off

IRQ0...IRQ15
SMI
NMI

Customize
Maximum Powe r
Savings
Maximum Per f ormance

1 min
2 min
4 min
6 min
8 min
12 min
16 min

5 min
10 min
15 min
20 min
30 min
40 min
60 min

1 min
2 min
4 min
8 min
12 min
16 min

10 sec
15 sec
20 sec
30 sec
45 sec
1 min to 15 min

On

On
Disabled

Enabled

Maximum options: pre-defined
values. Select Customize to make
your own selections from the
following fields. Disabled turns off
all power management.

Inactivity period required to put
system in Standby (partial power
shutdown).

Inactivity period required after
Standby to Suspend (maximum
power shutdown).

Inactivity period of hard disk
required before standby (motor
off).

Set inactivity period required
before independently turning off
monitor. Disabled turns CRT off in
Standby.

Wakes up system when an
incoming call is detected on the
modem.

Wakes up system at predetermined
time.

Enabling interrupt causes it to
restore Full On during Standby or
Suspend. SMI = System
Management Interrupt. NMI =
Non-Maskable Interrupt.

Page 20 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

The Exit Menu

Selecting "Exit" from the menu bar displays this menu:

Main Advanced Security Power Boot Exit
Item Specific Help

Exit Saving Changes
Exit Discarding Changes
Load Setup Defaults
Discard Changes
Save Changes

F1 Help ¦ Select Item -/+ Change Values F9 Setup Defaults
ESC Exit ¥Select Menu Enter Select Sub-Menu F10 Save and Exit

The following sections describe each of the options on this menu. Note that
<Esc> does not exit this menu. You must select one of the items from the menu
or menu bar to exit.

Saving Values

After making your selections on the Setup menus, always select either "Saving
Values" or "Save Changes." Both procedures store the selections displayed in
the menus in CMOS (short for "battery-backed CMOS RAM") a special section
of memory that stays on after you turn your system off. The next time you boot
your computer, the BIOS configures your system according to the Setup
selections stored in CMOS.

After you save your selections, the program displays this message:

PhoenixBIOS Setup Utility

Exit System Setup and
save your changes to
CMOS.

Values have been saved to CMOS!
Press <space> to continue

If you attempt to exit without saving, the program asks if you want to save before
exiting.

During boot up, PhoenixBIOS attempts to load the values saved in CMOS. If
those values cause the system boot to fail, reboot and press <F2> to enter Setup.
In Setup, you can get the Default Values (as described below) or try to change
the selections that caused the boot to fail.

Exit Discarding Changes

Use this option to exit Setup without storing in CMOS any new selections you
may have made. The selections previously in effect remain in effect.

Load Setup Defaults

To display the default values for all the Setup menus, select "Load Setup
Defaults" from the Main Menu. The program displays this message:

ROM Default values have been loaded!
Press <space> to continue

If, during boot up, the BIOS program detects a problem in the integrity of values
stored in CMOS, it displays these messages:

System CMOS checksum bad - run SETUP
Press <F1> to resume, <F2> to Setup

The CMOS values have been corrupted or modified incorrectly, perhaps by an
application program that changes data stored in CMOS.

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Press <F1> to resume the boot or <F2> to run Setup with the ROM default
values already loaded into the menus. You can make other changes before saving
the values to CMOS.

Discard Changes

If, during a Setup Session, you change your mind about changes you have made
and have not yet saved the values to CMOS, you can restore the values you
previously saved to CMOS.

Selecting “Discard Changes” on the Exit menu updates all the selections and
displays this message:

CMOS values have been loaded!
Press <space> to continue

Save Changes

Selecting “Save Changes” saves all the selections without exiting Setup. You can
return to the other menus if you want to review and change your selections.

Page 22 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

PhoenixBIOS Messages

The following is a list of the messages that the BIOS can display. Most of them
occur during POST. Some of them display information about a hardware device,
e.g., the amount of memory installed. Others may indicate a problem with a
device, such as the way it has been configured. Following the list are
explanations of the messages and remedies for reported problems.

*

If your system displays one of the messages marked below with an asterisk (*),
write down the message and contact your dealer. If your system fails after you
make changes in the Setup menus, reset the computer, enter Setup and install
Setup defaults or correct the error.

0200 Failure Fixed Disk

Fixed disk is not wor ki ng or not configured proper ly. Check to see if fixed
disk is attached properly. Run Setup. Find out if the fixed-disk type is
correctly identified.

0210 Stuck key

Stuck key on keyboard.

0211 Keyboard error

Keyboard no t working.

0212 Keyboard Controller Failed

*

Keyboard controller failed test. May require replacing keyboard controller.

0213 Keyboard locked - Unlock key switch

Unlock the system to proceed.

0220 Monitor type does not match CMOS - Run SETUP

Monitor type not correctly identified in Setup

0230 Shadow Ram Failed at offset:

*

Shadow RAM failed at offset
was detected.

0231 System RAM Failed at offset: nnnn

*

System RAM failed at offset
was detected.

0232 Extended RAM Failed at offset: nnnn

*

working or not configured pro perly at offset

0250 System battery is dead - Replace and run SETUP

The CMOS clock battery indicator shows the battery is dead. Replace the
battery and run Setup to reconfigure the system.

0251 System CMOS checksum bad - Default configuration used

System CMOS has been corrupted or modified incorrectly, perhaps by an
application program that changes data stored in CMOS. The BIOS
installed Default Setup Values. If you do not want these values, enter Setup
and enter your own values. If the error persists, check the system battery
or contact your dealer.

0260 System timer error

*

The timer test failed. Requires repair of system board.

0270 Real time clock error

*

May require board repair.

0271 Check date and time settings

range and reset the Real-Time Clock. May require setting legal date (1991-

2099).

0280 Previous boot incomplete - Default configuration used

Previous POST did not complete successfully. POST loads default values
and offers to run Setup. If the failure was caused by incorrect values and
they are not corrected, the next boot will likely fail. On systems with
control of

wait states

and cause this error on the next boot. Run Setup and verify that the wait­state configuration is correct. This error is cleared the next time the system
is booted.

0281 Memory Size found by POST differed from CMOS

Memory size found by POST differed from CMOS.

02B0 Diskette drive A error
02B1 Diskette drive B error

Drive A: or B: is present but fails the BIOS POST diskette tests. Check to

nnnn

nnnn

of the 64k block at which the error

nnnn

of in the 64k block at which the error

Extended memory not

nnnn.

Real-Time Clock fails BIOS hardware test.

BIOS found date or time out of

, improper Setup settings can also terminate POST

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The Setup Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

see that the drive is defined with the proper diskette type in Setup and that
the diskette drive is attached correctly.

02B2 Incorrect Drive A type - run SETUP

Type of floppy drive A: not correctly identified in Setup.

02B3 Incorrect Drive B type - run SETUP

Type of floppy drive B: not correctly identified in Setup.

02D0 System cache error - Cache disabled

RAM cache failed and BIOS disabled the cache. On older boards, check
the cache jumpers. You may have to replace the cache. See your dealer. A
disabled cache slows system performance considerably.

02F0: CPU ID:

CPU socket number for Multi-Processor error.

02F4: EISA CMOS not writeable

*

ServerBIOS2 test error: Cannot write to EISA CMOS.

02F5: DMA Test Failed

*

ServerBIOS2 test error: Cannot write to extended
Access) registers.

02F6: Software NMI Failed

*

(Direct Memory

DMA

ServerBIOS2 test error: Cannot generate software NMI (Non-Maskable
Interrupt).

02F7: Fail-Safe Timer NMI Failed

*

ServerBIOS2 test error: Fail-Safe Timer takes too long.

device Address Conflict

Address conflict for specified

Allocation Error for:

device.

device

Run ISA or EISA Configuration Utility to resolve resource conflict for the
specified

CD ROM Drive

CD ROM Drive identified.

Entering SETUP ...

Starting Setup program

Failing Bits:

*

The hex number

devic

.

e

nnnn

nnnn

is a map of the bits at the RAM address which failed

the memory test. Each 1 (one) in the map indicates a failed bit. See errors
230, 231, or 232 above for offset address of the failure in System,

O

2

Extended, or Shadow memory.

Fixed Disk

Fixed disk

Invalid System Configuration Data

n

n

(0-3) identified.

Problem with NVRAM (CMOS) data.

I/O device IRQ conflict

I/O device IRQ conflict error.

PS/2 Mouse Boot Summary Screen:

PS/2 Mouse installed.

nnnn kB Extended RAM Passed

nnnn Cache SRAM Passed

nnnn kB Shadow RAM Passed

nnnn kB System RAM Passed

One or more I2O Block Storage Devices were excluded from

nnnn

Where

nnnn

Where

nnnn

Where
tested.

nnnn

Where

the Setup Boot Menu

is the amount of RAM in kilobytes successfully tested.

is the amount of system cache in kilobytes successfully tested.

is the amount of shadow RAM in kilobytes successfully

is the amount of system RAM in kilobytes successfully tested.

There was not enough room in the IPL table to display all i nst alled I
block-storage devices.

Operating system not found

Operating system cannot be located on either drive A: or drive C:. Enter
Setup and see if fixed disk and drive A: are properly identified.

Parity Check 1

*

nnnn

Parity error found in the system bus. BIOS attempts to locate the address
and display it on the screen. If it cannot locate the address, it displays

Parity is a method for checking errors in binary data. A parity error

????.

indicates that some data has been corrupted.

Page 24 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Setup Guide

Parity Check 2

*

nnnn

Parity error found in the I/O bus. BIOS attempts to locate the address and

????

display it on the screen. If it cannot locate the address, it displays

Press <F1> to resume, <F2> to Setup,

<F3> for previous

.

Displayed after any recoverable error message. Press <F1> to start the boot
process or <F2> to enter Setup and change the settings. Press <F3> to
display the previous screen (usually an initialization error of an Option
ROM, i.e., an add-on card). Write down and follow the information shown
on the screen.

Press <F2> to enter Setup

Optional message displayed during POST. Can be turned off in Setup.

PS/2 Mouse:

PS/2 mouse identified.

Run the I2O Configuration Utility

One or more uncla imed block stora ge devices have the Configuration
Request bit set in the LCT. Run an I2O Configuration Utility (e.g. the SAC
utility).

System BIOS shadowed

System BIOS copied to shadow RAM.

UMB upper limit segment address:

Displays the address

nnnn

nnnn

of the upper limit of Upper Memory Blocks,

indicating released segments of the BIOS which can be reclaimed by a
virtual memory manager.

Video BIOS shadowed

Video BIOS successfully copied to shadow RAM.

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 25

2

Boot Utilities

Phoenix Boot Utilities are:

•

Phoenix QuietBoot™

•

Phoenix MultiBoot™

Phoenix QuietBoot

POST messages while keep i ng you i nformed of diagnostic problems.

Phoenix MultiBoot

from which you can boot your operating system.

Phoenix QuietBoot

Right after you turn on or reset the computer,
QuietBoot Screen, a graphic illustration created by the computer manufacturer
instead of the text-based POST screen, which displays a number of PC
diagnostic messages.

To exit the QuietBoot screen and run Setup, display the MultiBoot menu, or
simply display the PC diagnostic messages, you can simply press one of the hot
keys described below.

The QuietBoot Screen stays up until just before the operating system loads
unless:

1. You press <Esc> to display the POST screen.

2. You press <F2> to enter Setup.

3. POST issues an error message.

4. The BIOS or an option ROM requests keyboard input.

The following explains each of these situations.

displays a graphic illustration rather than the traditional

is a boot screen that displays a selection of boot devices

Phoenix QuietBoot

displays the

Press <ESC>

Pressing <Esc> switches to the POST screen and takes one of two actions:

1. If MultiBoot is installed, the boot process continues with the text-based
POST screen until the end of POST, and then displays the

Menu

, with these options:
a. Load the operating system from a boot device of your choice.
b. Enter Setup.
c. Exit the Boot First Menu (with <Esc>) and load the operating system

from the boot devices in the order specified in Setup.

2. If MultiBoot is not installed, the boot process continues as usual.

Boot First

Press <F2>

Pressing <F2> at any time during POST switches to the POST screen (if not
already displayed) and enters Setup.

POST Error

Whenever POST detects a non-fatal error, QuietBoot switches to the POST
screen and displays the errors. It then displays this message:

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Boot Utilities

Press <F1> to resume, <F2> to Setup

Press <F1> to continue with the boot. Press <F2> if you want to correct the error
in Setup.

Keyboard Input Request

If the BIOS or an Option ROM (add-on card) requests keyboard input,
QuietBoot switches over to the POST screen and the Option ROM displays
prompts for entering the information. POST continues from there with the
regular POST screen.

Phoenix MultiBoot

Phoenix MultiBoot expands your boot options by letting you choose your boot
device, which could be a hard disk, floppy disk, or CD ROM. You can select
your boot device in Setup, or you can choose a different device each time you
boot during POST by selecting your boot device in The Boot First Menu.

MultiBoot consists of:

•

The Setup Boot Menu

•

The Boot First Menu

See the Setup Boot menu on p. 11. The following describes the Boot First Menu.

The Boot First Menu

Display the Boot First Menu by pressing <Esc> during POST. In response, the
BIOS first displays the message, "Entering Boot Menu ..." and then displays the
Boot Menu at the end of POST. Use the menu to select any of these options:

1. Override the existing boot sequence (for this boot only) by selecting
another boot device. If the specified device does not load the operating
system, the BIOS reverts to the previous boot sequence.

2. Enter Setup.

3. Press <Esc> to continue with the existing boot sequence.

Select boot device or Setup.
Use the Up and Down arrows to
select the Boot First device,
then <Enter> or press <Esc> to
exit.

1. Hard Drive

2. ATAPI CD-ROM

3. Diskette Drive

4. Removable Devices

5. Network Boot

If there is more than one bootable hard drive, the first one in the Setup Boot
menu is the one represented here.

Boot Menu

<Setup>

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 27

Phoenix Phlash

3

Installation

Phoenix Phlash

without having to install a new ROM BIOS chip.
Phoenix Phlash is a utility for "flashing" (copying) a BIOS to the Flash ROM

installed on your computer from a floppy disk. A Flash ROM is a Read-Only
Memory chip that you can write to using a special method called "flashing." Use
Phoenix Phla sh for the following tasks:

Update the current BIOS with a new version.
Restore a BIOS when it has become corrupted.

Phoenix Phlash is shipped on a floppy disk with your computer as a compressed
file called CRISDISK.ZIP that contains the following files:

To install Phoenix Phlash on your hard disk, follow this simple procedure:

1. Insert the distribution diskette into drive A:

2. Unzip the contents of CRISDISK.ZIP into a local directory, presumably

C:\PHLASH

3. Store the distribution diskette in a safe place.

gives you the ability to update your BIOS from a floppy disk

CRISDISK.BAT Executable file for creating the Crisis Recovery

Diskette.
PHLASH.EXE Programs the flash ROM.
PLATFORM.BIN P erforms platform-dependent functions.
BIOS.ROM Actual BIOS image to be programmed into flash ROM.
MINIDOS.SYS Allows the system to boot in Crisis Recovery Mode.
MAKEBOOT.EXE Creates the custom boot sector on the Crisis Recovery

Diskette.

.

Create the Crisis Recovery Diskette

If the OEM or dealer from whom you purchased your system has not provided
you with one, then you should create a
the Phlash utility. If you are unable to boot your system and successfully load the
Operating System, the BIOS may have been corrupted, in which case you will
have to use the Crisis Recovery Diskette to reboot your system. There are
several methods that you can use to create the Crisis Recovery Diskette. Below
is one recommended procedure.

1. Be sure you have successfully installed the Phlash Utility onto your hard
disk.

2. Insert a clean diskette into drive A: or B:

3. From the local directory, enter the following:
CRISDISK [drive]:
where [drive] is the letter of the drive into which you inserted the diskette.

For help, type /? or /h.

CRISDISK.BAT formats the diskette, then copies MINIDOS.SYS,
VGABIOS.EXE (if available), PHLASH.EXE, PLATFORM.BIN and
BIOS.ROM to the diskette, and creates the required custom boot sector.

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. Page 28

Crisis Recovery Diskette

before you use

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Boot Utilities

4. Write protect and label the Crisis Recovery Diskette.

NOTE: You can only supply a volume label after the Crisis Recovery Diskette
has been formatted and the necessary files copied because MINIDOS.SYS must
occupy the first directory entry for the diskette to boot properly.

Updating the Crisis Recovery Diskette

If the BIOS image (BIOS.ROM) changes due to an update or bug fix, you can
easily update the Crisis Recovery Diskette. Simply copy the new BIOS.ROM
image onto the Crisis Recovery Diskette. No further action is necessary.

Executing Phoenix Phlash

You can run Phoenix Phlash in one of two modes:

Command Line Mode
Crisis Recovery Mode

WARNING! For your own protection, be sure you have a Crisis Recovery
Diskette ready to use before executing Phlash.

Command Line Mode

Use this mode to update or replace your current BIOS. To execute Phlash in this
mode, move to the directory into which you have installed Phoenix Phlash and
type the following:

phlash

Phoenix Phlash will automatically update or replace the current BIOS with the
one which your OEM or dealer supplies you.

Phlash may fail if your system is using memory managers, in which case the
utility displays the following message:

Cannot flash when memory managers are present.

If you see this message after you execute Phlash, you must disable the memory
manager on your system. To do so, follow the instructions in the following
sections.

Disabling Memory Managers

To avoid failure when flashing, you must disable the memory managers that load
from CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT. There are two recommended
procedur es for disabling t he memory managers. One consists of pressing the
<F5> key (only if you are using DOS 5.0 or above), and the other requires the
creation of a boot diskette.

DOS 5.0 (or later version)

For DOS 5.0 and later, follow the two steps below to disable any memory
managers on your system. If you are not using at least DOS 5 .0, then you must
create a boot diskette to bypass any memory managers (See Create a Boot
Diskette, below).

1. Boot DOS 5.0 or later version. (In Windows 95, at the boot option screen,
choose Option 8, "Boot to a previous version of DOS.")

2. When DOS displays the “Starting MS-DOS” message, press <F5 >.

After you press <F5>, DOS bypasses the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT
files, and therefore does not load any memory managers.

You can now execute Phlash.

Create a Boot Diskette

To bypass memory managers in DOS versions previous to 5.0, follow this
recommended procedure:

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Phoenix Phlash PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

1. Insert a diskette into your A: drive.

2. Enter the following from the command line:

Format A: /S

3. Reboot your system from the A: drive.

Your system will now boot without loading the memory managers, and you can
then execute Phlash.

NOTE: The boot diskette you create here is distinct from a Crisis Recovery
Diskette. See page 409 for details about creating the Crisis Recovery Diskette.

Crisis Recovery Mode

You should only have to operate Phoenix Phlash in this mode only if your
system does not boot the operating system when you turn on or reset your
computer. In these cases, the BIOS on the Flash ROM has probably been
corrupted. Boot your system with the Crisis Recovery Diskette taking these
steps:

1. Insert the Crisis Recovery diskette (which your dealer supplied or one that
you should have created from the instructions above) into drive A:.

2. Reset your computer, power off-on, or press <Ctrl> <Alt> <Del> to reboot
the system.

3. When your system reboots, Phoenix Phlash will restore the BIOS from the
diskette and successfully boot the operating system.

Page 30 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

Programmer's Guide

4

This chapter of the User's Manual gives application developers, programmers,
and expert computer users a detailed description of the BIOS.

This chapter describes the following subjects:

•

What is a ROM BIOS?

•

System Hardware Requirements

•

Fixed-Disk Tables

•

PhoenixBIOS Function Keys

•

POST Errors

•

Run-Time Services

What is a ROM BIOS?

This section briefly explains the function of a BIOS in managing the special
features of your system.

ROM BIOS (Basic Input/Output System

A
stored in a
motherboard. These programs micro-manage the hardware devices installed on
your computer. When you turn on your computer, the ROM BIOS initializes and
tests these devices. During run-time, the ROM BIOS provides the Operating
System and application programs with access to these devices. You can also use
the BIOS

Software works best when it operates in layers, and the ROM BIOS is the
bottom-most software layer in the computer. It functions as the interface between
the hardware and the other layers of software, isolating them from the details of
how the hardware works. This arrangement enables you to change hardware
devices without having to install a new operating system.

The following diagram shows the function of the ROM BIOS as the interface
between the hardware and other layers of software:

ROM

Setup

) is a set of programs permanently

(Read-Only Memory) chip located on the computer

program to change your computer's hardware or beha vior.

Application Programs

Operating System and Device Drivers

ROM BIOS

System Hardware

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. Page 31

Programmer’s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

ROM BIOS Functions

The PhoenixBIOS software performs these functions:

The Setup Program

Initialize Hardware at Boot

Run-Time Routines

Using the Setup program, you can install,

configure, and optimize the hardware
devices on your system (clock, memory,
disk drives, etc.).

At power-on or reset, perform Power-On
Self Test (POST) routines to test system
resources and run the operating system.

Basic hardware routines that can be called
from DOS and Windows applications.

Initialize and Configure the computer

The first job of a ROM BIOS is to initialize and configure the computer
hardware when you turn on your computer (system boot). The BIOS runs a
series of complex programs called the
performs a number of tasks, including:

•

Test Random Access Memory (RAM)

•

Conduct an inventory of the hardware de vi ces installed in the computer

•

Configure hard and floppy disks, keyboard, monitor, and serial and
parallel ports

•

Configure other devices installed in the computer such as CD-ROM
drives and sound cards

•

Initialize computer hardware required for computer features such as Plug
and Play and Power Management

•

Run Setup if requested

•

Load and run the Operating System such as DOS, OS/2, UNIX, or
Windows 95 or NT.

Power On Self Test

(POST), which

BIOS Services

The second task of the ROM BIOS is to provide the Operating System, device
drivers, and application programs with access to the system hardware. It
performs this task with a set of program routines called
are loaded into high memory at boot time.

The number of BIOS Services is always changing. The BIOS Services of
PhoenixBIOS 4.05 provide precise control of hardware devices such as disk
drives, which require careful management and exhaustive checking for errors.
They also help mana ge new computer features such as Power Manage ment, Plug
and Play, and MultiBoot.

System Hardware Requirements

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 requires the following hardware components on the
motherboard:

System Board Requirements

1. CPU (486 or later)

2. AT-compatible and MC146818 RTC-compatible chipset.

3. AT or PS/2-compatible Keyboard controller

4. At least 1 MB of system RAM
The Power On Self Test (POST) of the BIOS initializes additional ROM BIOS

extensions (Option ROMs) if they are accessible in the proper format. The
requirements are:

BIOS Services

, which

Page 32 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Programmer’s Guide

Adapter ROM Requirements

1. The code must reside in the address space between C0000H and F0000H.

2. The code must reside on a 2K boundary.

3. The first two bytes of the code must be 55H and AAH.

4. The third byte must contain the number of 512-byte blocks.

5. The fourth byte must contain a jump to the start of the initialization
code.

6. The code must checksum to zero (byte sum).

NOTE: The address space from C0000H to C8000H is reserved for external
video adapters (e.g. EGA, VGA). Part of the address space from D0000H to
E0000H is typically used by expanded memory (EMS).

Fixed Disk Tables

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 supports up to four fixed-disk drives. For each drive, it
supports 39 pre-defined drive types and four user-defined types (40-43). Below
is a table of the pre-defined drive types and their default values.

End users can modify the user-defined drive type for each fixed disk listed in
Setup by using the menus of the Setup program. This feature avoids the need for
customized software for non-standard drives.

NOTE: Since most hard drives are autotyped (i.e., automatically determined by
the BIOS or Operating System), there is usually no need to set the drive
geometry manually.

Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Wrt Pre Landing

1 306 4 17 128 305
2 615 4 17 300 615
3 615 6 17 300 615
4 940 4 17 512 940
5 940 6 17 512 940
6 615 4 17 -1 615
7 462 8 17 256 511
8 733 5 17 -1 733

9 900 15 17 -1 901
10 820 3 17 -1 820
11 855 5 17 -1 855
12 855 7 17 -1 855
13 306 8 17 128 319

14 733 7 17 -1 733

15 Reserved

16 612 4 17 0 633

17 977 5 17 300 977

18 977 7 17 -1 977

19 1024 7 17 512 1023

20 733 5 17 300 732

21 733 7 17 300 732

22 733 5 17 300 733

23 306 4 17 0 336

24 612 4 17 305 663

25 612 2 17 300 612

26 614 4 17 -1 614

27 820 6 17 -1 820

28 977 5 17 -1 977

29 1218 15 36 -1 1218

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 33

Programmer’s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Type Cylinders Heads Sectors Wrt Pre Landing

30 1224 15 17 -1 1224
31 823 10 17 512 823
32 809 6 17 128 809
33 830 7 17 -1 830
34 830 10 17 -1 830
35 1024 5 17 -1 1024
36 1024 8 17 -1 1024
37 615 8 17 128 615
38 1024 8 26 -1 1024
39 925 9 17 -1 925
40 User def.
41 User def.
42 User def.
43 User def.

PhoenixBIOS Function Keys

The following are the special PhoenixBIOS function keys:

Enter SETUP program during POST

<F2>
Ctrl-Alt-<->
Ctrl-Alt-<+>

The speed switching keys are only operational when speed switching is
available.

Switch to slow CPU speed

Switch to fast CPU speed

POST Errors and Beep Codes

Recoverable POST Errors

Whenever a recoverable error occurs during POST,
error message describing the problem.

Phoenix

tones) during POST if the video configuration fails (no card installed or faulty)
or if an external ROM module does not properly checksum to zero.

An external ROM module (e.g. VGA) can also issue audible errors, usually
consisting of one long tone followed by a series of short tones.

Terminal POST Errors

There are several POST routines that issue a
down the system if they fail. Before shutting down the system, the terminal-error
handler issues a beep code signifying the test point error, writes the error to port
80h, attempts to initialize the video, and writes the error in the upper left corner
of the screen (using both mono and color adapters).

The routine derives the beep code from the test point error as follows:

BIOS also issues a beep code (one long tone followed by two short

1. The 8-bit error code is broken down to four 2-bit groups (Discard the
most significant group if it is 00).

2. Each group is made one-based (1 through 4) by adding 1.

3. Short beeps are generated for the number in each group.
Example:

Test point 01Ah = 00 01 10 10 = 1-2-3-3 beeps

Phoenix

POST Terminal Error

BIOS displays an

and shut

Test Points and Beep Codes

At the beginning of each POST routine, the BIOS outputs the test point error
code to I/O address 80h. Use this code during trouble shooting to establish at
what point the system failed and what routine was being performed.

Page 34 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Programmer’s Guide

Some motherboards are equipped with a seven-segment LED display that
displays the current value of port 80h. For production boards that do not contain
the LED display, you can purchase a card that performs the same function.

If the BIOS detects a terminal error condition, it halts POST after issuing a
terminal error beep code (See above) and attempting to display the error code on
upper left corner of the screen and on the port 80h LED display. It attempts
repeatedly to write the error to the screen. This may cause "hash" on some CGA
displays.

If the system hangs before the BIOS can process the error, the value displayed at
the port 80h is the last test performed. In this case, the screen does not display
the error code.

The following is a list of the checkpoint codes written at the start of each test and
the beep codes issued for terminal errors. Unless otherwise noted, these codes
are valid for PhoenixBIOS 4.0 Release 6.x.

Code Beeps POST Routine Description

02h Verify Real Mode
03h Disable Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)
04h Get CPU type
06h Initialize system hardware
07h Disable shadow and execute code from the ROM.
08h Initialize chipset with initial POST values
09h Set IN POST flag
0Ah Initialize CPU registers
0Bh Enable CPU cache
0Ch Initialize caches to initial POST values
0Eh Initialize I/O component
0Fh Initialize the local bus IDE
10h Initialize Power Management
11h Load alternate registers with initial POST values
12h Restore CPU control word during warm boot
13h Initialize PCI Bus Mastering devices
14h Initialize keyboard controller
16h 1-2-2-3 BIOS ROM checksum
17h Initialize cache before memory Auto size
18h 8254 timer initialization
1Ah 8237 DMA controller initialization
1Ch Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller
20h 1-3-1-1 Test DRAM refresh
22h 1-3-1-3 Test 8742 Keyboard Controller
24h Set ES segment register to 4 GB
28h Auto size DRAM
29h Initialize POST Memory Manager
2Ah Clear 512 kB base RAM
2Ch 1-3-4-1 RAM failure on address line
2Eh 1-3-4-3 RAM failure on data bits

memory bus
2Fh Enable cache before system BIOS shadow
32h Test CPU bus-clock frequency
33h Initialize Phoenix Dispatch Manager
36h Warm start shut down
38h Shadow system BIOS ROM
3Ah Auto size cache
3Ch Advanced configuration of chipset registers

3Dh Load alternate registers with CMOS valu es

41h Initialize extended memory for RomPilot
42h Initialize interrupt vectors
45h POST device initialization

xxxx

*

xxxx

* of low byte of

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 35

Programmer’s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Code Beeps POST Routine Description

46h 2-1-2-3 Check ROM copyright notice
47h Initialize I20 support
48h Check video configuration against CMOS
49h Initialize PCI bus and devices

4Ah Initialize all video adapters in system

4Bh QuietBoot start (optional)
4Ch Shadow video BIOS ROM
4Eh Display BIOS copyright notice
4Fh Initialize MultiBoot

50h Display CPU type and speed
51h Initialize EISA board
52h Test keyboard
54h Set key click if enabled
55h Enable USB devices
58h 2-2-3-1 Test for unexpected interrupts
59h Initialize POST display service

5Ah Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SETUP"

5Bh Disable CPU cache
5Ch Test RAM between 512 and 640 kB

60h Test extended memory
62h Test extended memory address lines
64h Jump to UserPatch1
66h Configure advanced cache registers
67h Initialize Multi Processor APIC
68h En able external and CPU caches
69h Setup System Management Mode (SMM) area

6Ah Display external L2 cache size

6Bh Load custom defaults (optional)
6Ch Display shadow-area message
6Eh Display possible high address for UMB recovery

70h Display error messages
72h Check for configuration errors
76h Check for keyboard errors

7Ch Set up hardware interrupt vectors

7Dh Initialize Intelligent System Monitoring

7Eh Initialize coprocessor if present

80h Disable onboard Super I/O ports and IRQs
81h Late POST device initialization
82h Detect and install external RS232 ports
83h Configure non-MCD IDE controllers
84h Detect and install external parallel ports
85h Initialize PC-compatible PnP ISA devices
86h Re-initialize onboard I/O ports.
87h Configure Motherboard Configurable Devices

(optional)
88h Initialize BIOS Data Area
89h Enable Non-Maskable Interrupts (NMIs)

8Ah Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area

8Bh Test and initialize PS/2 mouse
8Ch Initialize floppy controller
8Fh Determine number of ATA drives (optional)

90h Initialize hard-disk controllers
91h Initialize local-bus hard-disk controllers
92h Jump to UserPatch2
93h Build MPTABLE for multi-processor boards
95h Install CD ROM for boot
96h Clear h uge ES segment register

Page 36 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Programmer’s Guide

Code Beeps POST Routine Description

97h Fix up Multi Processor table
98h 1-2 Search for option ROMs. One long, two short

99h Check for SMART Drive (optional)
9Ah Shadow option ROMs
9Ch Set up Power Management
9Dh Initialize security engine (optional)
9Eh Enable hardware interrupts

9Fh Determine number of ATA and SCSI drives
A0h Set time of day
A2h Check key lock
A4h Initialize typematic rate
A8h Erase F2 prompt

AAh Scan for F2 key stroke
ACh Enter SETUP
AEh Clear Boot flag

B0h Check for errors
B1h Inform RomPilot about the end of POST.
B2h POST done - prepare to boot operating system
B4h 1 One short beep before boot
B5h Terminate QuietBoot (optional)
B6h Check password (optional)
B7h Initialize ACPI BIOS
B9h Prepare Boot

BAh Initialize SMBIOS
BBh Initialize PnP Option ROMs
BCh Clear parity checkers
BDh Display MultiBoot menu
BEh Clear screen (op t i onal)

BFh Check virus and backup reminders
C0h Try to boot with INT 19
C1h Initialize POST Error Manager (PEM)
C2h Initialize error logging
C3h Initialize error display function
C4h Initialize system error handler
C5h PnPnd dual CMOS (optional)
C6h Initialize note dock (optional)
C7h Initialize note dock late
C8h Force check (optional)
C9h Extended checksum (optional)

CAh Redirect Int 15h to enable remote keyboard
CBh Redirect Int 13h to Memory Technologies

CCh Redirect Int 10h to enable remote serial video
CDh Re-map I/O and memory for PCMCIA
CEh Initialize digitizer and display message

D2h Unknown interrupt

E0h Initialize the chipset
E1h Initialize the bridge
E2h Initialize the CPU
E3h Initialize system timer
E4h Initialize system I/O
E5h Check force recovery boot
E6h Checksum BIOS ROM
E7h Go to BIOS

beeps on checksum failure

Devices such as ROM, RAM, PCMCIA, and
serial disk

The following are for boot block in Flash
ROM

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 37

Programmer’s Guide PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

Code Beeps POST Routine Description

E8h Set Huge Segment

E9h Initialize Multi Processor
EAh Initialize OEM special code
EBh Initialize PIC and DMA
ECh Initialize Memory type
EDh Initialize Memory size
EEh Shadow Boot Block

EFh Syst em memory t est

F0h Initialize interrupt vectors

F1h Initialize Run Time Clock

F2h Initialize video

F3h Initialize System Management Manager

F4h Output one beep

F5h Clear Huge Segment

F6h Boot to Mini DOS

F7h Boot to Full DOS

* If the BIOS detects error 2C, 2E, or 30 (base 512K RAM error), it displays an additional word-bitmap (
indicating the address line or bits that failed. For example, "2C 0002" means address line 1 (bit one set) has failed. "2E
1020" means data bits 12 and 5 (bits 12 and 5 set) have failed in the lower 16 bits. Note that error 30 cannot occur on
386SX systems because they have a 16 rather than 32-bit bus. The BIOS also send s the bitmap to the port-80 LED
display. It first displays the checkpoint code, followed by a delay, the high-order byte, another delay, and then the low­order byte of the error. It repeats this sequence continuously.

xxxx

)

Page 38 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Technical Reference

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 Services

The ROM BIOS contains a number of useful run-time BIOS Services that are
easily called by an outside program. As a programmer, you can execute these
services, which are nothing more than subroutines, by invoking one of the BIOS
interrupt routines (or, when specified, calling a protected-mode entry point and
offset). Invoking a software interrupt causes the CPU to fetch an address from
the interrupt table in low memory and execute the service routine. Some
services return exit values in certain registers. All registers are preserved unless
they return data or status.

Generally, a Carry flag set on exit indicates a failed service. A zero on exit in the
AH register usually indicates no error; any other value is the service's exit status
code.

BIOS32 Service Directory

While the standard BIOS services are accessed through the inter rupt table, newer
services are accessed by a FAR CALL to a service entry point. Programmers can
determine the entry point by searching for a particular signature (such as
"$PnP") in the BIOS range and finding the entry point in the header.

The BIOS32 Service Directory (standard in PhoenixBIOS 4.0) provides a
single entry point for all those services in the BIOS that are designed for BIOS
clients running in a 32-bit code segment, such as 32-bit operating systems and
32-bit device drivers. The BIOS32 Service Directory itself is a 32-bit BIOS
service that provides a single entry point for the other 32-bit services. For a full
description of this service, see the Standard BIOS 32-Bit Service Directory
Proposal, Rev 0.4 published by Phoenix and available on the Phoenix Web site
at:

http://www.phoenix.com/products/specs.html

Programs calling the 32-bit BIOS services should scan 0E0000h to 0FFFF0h on
the 16-byte boundaries for the contiguous 16-byte data structure beginning with
the ASCII signature "_32_".

If they do not find this data structure, then the platform does not support the
BIOS32 Service Directory. The following chart describes the data structure.

Offset Size Description

0h 4 bytes ASCII signature "_32_"

4h 4 bytes Entry point for the BIOS32 Service

8h 1 byte Revision level. Currently 00h.
9h 1 byte Length of this structure in 16-byte units. This

0Ah 1 byte Checksum of whole data structure. Result

0Bh 5 bytes Reserved. Must be zero.

Offset 0 = underscore
Offset 1 = "3"
Offset 2 = "2"
Offset 3 = underscore

Directory, a 32-bit physical add r ess

structure is 16 bytes long, so the field = 01h.

must be 0.

Once the data structure is found and verified, the program can do a FAR CALL
to the entry point specified in the above structure. The calling environment
requires:

1. The CS code segment selector and the DS data segment selector must
encompass the physical page of the entry point as well as the following
page.

2. The SS stack segment selector must have available 1 kB of stack space.

3. Access to I/O space.

The BIOS32 Service Directory provides a single call that:

Phoenix Technologies, Ltd. Page 39

The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

1. Determines if the called 32-bit service is available, and, if it is available,

2. Returns three values:
a) Physical address of the base of the BIOS service.

b) Length of the BIOS service.
c) Entry point into the BIOS service (offset of the base).

Entry:
EAX Service Identifier. Four-character string
identifying the 32-bit service requested (e.g.,
"$PCI").
EBX Low-order byte [BL] is the BIOS32 Service
Directory Function Selector. Currently, zero
supplies the values described below. Upper three
bytes are reserved and must be zero on entry.
Exit:
AL Return code:
00h = Service corresponding to the Service
Identifier is present.
80h = Service corresponding to the Service
Identifier is not present.
81h = Function Selector specified not supported.
EBX Physical address of base of 32-bit service.
ECX Length of BIOS service.
EDX Entry point of BIOS service (offset to base in EBX).

BIOS32 Service Directory

Page 40 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Technical Reference

Interrupt 10h–Video Services

The INT 10h software interrupt handles all video services. The results of some
of these functions may depend on the active video mode and the particular video
controller installed.

Interrupt 10 Video Services

AH = 00h Set video mode

Entry:
AL Mode value (0-7):
0 = 40x25 Black & White
1 = 40x25 Color
2 = 80x25 Black & White
3 = 80x25 Color
4 = 320x200 Color
5 = 320x200 Black & White
6 = 640x200 Black & White
7 = Monochrome only

AH = 01h Set cursor size

Entry:
CH Bits 4-0 = Cursor top scan line
CL Bits 4-0 = Cursor bottom scan line

AH = 02h Set cursor position

Entry:
BH Page to set cursor
DL Character column position
DH Character row position

AH = 03h Get cursor position of page

Entry:
BH Page to return cursor
Exit:
DL Character column position
DH Character row position
CL Cursor top scan line
CH Cursor bottom scan line

AH = 05h Change displayed (active) page

Entry:
AL Page number to display

AH = 06h Scroll active page up

Entry:
CL Upper left column to scroll up
CH Upper left row to scroll up
DL Lower right column to scroll up
DH Lower right row to scroll up
BH Attribute for blanked space
AL Number of lines to scroll up
0 = Blank screen

AH = 07h Scroll active page down

Entry:
CL Upper left column to scroll down
CH Upper left row to scroll down
DL Lower right column to scroll down
DH Lower right row to scroll down
BH Attribute for blanked space
AL Number of lines to scroll down
0 = Blank screen

AH = 08h Read character and attribute

Entry:
BH Video page to read character
Exit:
AL Character
AH Character attribute

Continued

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Interrupt 10h–Video Services, Continued

AH = 09h Write character and attribute

Entry:
AL Character to write
BL Charact er at t r i bute (alpha)
Character color (graphics)
BH Page to write character
CX Count of characters to write

AH = 0Ah Write character at cursor

Entry:
BH Page to write character
AL Character to write
CX Count of characters to write

AH = 0Bh Set color palette

Entry:

BH = 00 Set colors:

If mode = 4 or 5, BL = background color
If mode = 0-3, BL = border color
If mode = 6 or 11, BL = foreground color
BL 0-31 = Intense versions of colors 0-15

BH = 01 Set palette for mode 4 or 5

BL 00 Palette = Green (1), Red (2), Yellow (3)
01 P alette = Cyan (1), Magenta (2), White (3)

AH = 0Ch Write graphics pi xel

Entry:
AL Color value for pixel
(XORed if bit7=1)
CX Column to write pixel
DX Row to write pixel

AH = 0D Read graphics pixel

Entry:
CX Column to read pixel
DX Row to read pixel
Exit:
AL Value of pixel read

AH = 0E Teletype write character

Entry:
AL Character to write
BL Foreground color (graphics only)

AH = 0F Return Current Video Parameters

Exit:
AL Current video mode
AH Number of character columns
BH Active page

AH = 13h Write string

Entry:
ES:BP Pointer to string
CX Length of string to display
DH Character row for display
DL Character column for display
BL Display attribute
AL Write string mode
0 = Chars only, no cursor update
1 = Chars only, update cursor
2 = Char, Attrib, no cursor update
3 = Char, Attrib, update cursor

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Interrupt 11h–Return System Information

This service returns the equipment installed as determined by the BIOS on
power-up diagnostics and stored in the BIOS Data Area.

Interrupt 11 Return System Information

Exit:
AX Equipment information:

Bit Definition

0 Not used
1 Math coprocessor installed
2 PS/2 mouse installed
3 Not used
4,5 Initial video mode:
00 = EGA/VGA
01 = 40x25 CGA
10 = 80x25 CGA
11 = Monochrome
6,7 Diskette drives:
00 = 1 drive
01 = 2 drives
10 = 3 drives
11 = 4 drives
8 Not used
9-11 Number of serial adapters
12 Game Adapter installed
13 Not used
14,15 Number of parallel adapters

Interrupt 12h–Return Memory Size

Returns up to 640 kB of the amount of system memory determined by early
POST diagno st i cs.

Exit:
AX Number of 1-kilobyte memory blocks

Interrupt 12 Return System Memory Size

Interrupt 13h–Diskette Services

Interrupt 13 is the BIOS software interface for access to the 5-¼" and 3-½" inch
diskette drives. When there is a fixed disk in the system, the BIOS assigns
Interrupt 13h to the fixed disk and routes diskette calls to Interrupt 40h.

The following table lists the AH error codes.

AH 00h = No error
If Carry = 1:
AH 01h = Illegal BIOS command
02h = Bad address mark
03h = Write-protect occurred
04h = Sector not found
06h = Media changed
09h = DMA crossed 64K boundary
08h = DMA failed
0Ch = Media not found
10h = CRC failed
20h = NEC failed
30h = Drive does not support media sense
31h = No media in drive
32h = Drive does not support media type
40h = Seek failed
80h = Time out occurred

Int 13 Diskette Exit Status Codes

The following table contains the combinations of drive types and media types
supported by the INT 13 services 02h to 05h.

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Media Drive Sec/Trk Tracks

360 kB 360 kB 8-9 40
360 kB 1.2 MB 8-9 40

1.2 MB 1.2 MB 15 80
720 kB 720 kB 9 80
720 kB 1.44 MB 9 80

1.44 MB 1.44 MB 18 80
720 kB 2.88 MB 9 80

1.44 MB 2.88 MB 18 90

2.88 MB 2.88 MB 36 80

Diskette Types

The following describes the diskette services with their entry and exit values.

Interrupt 13h Diskette Services
AH = 00h Reset diskette system
AH = 01h Return diskette status

Exit:
AH 00h = No error
01h = Illegal BIOS command
02h = Address mark not found
03h = Write-protect error
04h = Sector not found
06h = Media has been changed
08h = DMA overrun
09h = DMA boundary error
0Ch = Media not found
10h = CRC error
20h = NEC error
40h = Seek error
80h = Time out occurred

AH = 02h Read diskette sectors

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (0-1)
DH Head number (0-1)
CH Track number (0-79)
CL Sector number (8-36)
AL Number of sectors (1-15)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 03h Write diskette sectors

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (0-1)
DH Head number (0-1)
CH Track number (0-79)
CL Sector number (8-36)
AL Number of sectors (1-15)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 04h Verify diskette sectors

Entry:
DL Drive number (0-1)
DH Head number (0-1)
CH Track number (0-79)
CL Sector number (8-36)
AL Number of sectors (1-15)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors verified

Continued

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Interrupt 13h–Diskette Services, Continued

AH = 05h Format diskette track

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (0-1)
DH Head number (0-1)
CH Track number (0-79)
AL Number of sectors (1-15)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors formatted

AH = 08h Read drive parameters

Entry:
DL Drive number
Exit:
ES:DI Pointer to parameter table
DH Maximum head number
DL Number of diskette drives presen t
CH Maximum track number
CL Drive capacity:
Bits 0-5 Maximum sector number
Bits 6-7 Maximum track number
BL Diskette drive type from CMOS:
Bits 0-3:
00 = CMOS not present or invalid
01 = 360 kB
02 = 1.2 MB
03 = 720 kB
04 = 1.44 MB
06 = 2.88 MB
Bits 4-7: 0

AH = 15h Read drive type

Entry:
DL Drive number
Exit:
AH 00 = Drive not present
01 = Drive cannot detect media change
02 = Drive can detect media change
03 = Fixed disk

AH = 16h Detect media change

Entry:
DL Drive Number (0-1)
Exit:
If Carry = 0:
AH 00 = Disk change not active
01 = Invalid drive number
06 = Either disk change line act ive or
change line not supported
80h = Drive not ready or no drive present:
(timeout)

AH = 17h Set diskette type

Entry:
AL Format:
00 = Invalid Request
01 = 360kB floppy in 360kB drive
02 = 360kB floppy in 1.2MB drive
03 = 1.2MB floppy in 1.2MB drive
04 = 720kB floppy in 720kB (1.44MB not supported)
DL Drive Number (0-1)

AH = 18h Set media type for format

Entry:
CH Maximum track number
CL Diskette parameters:
Bits 0-5: Maximum sector number
Bits 6-7: Maximum track number
DL Drive Number (0-1)
Exit:
ES:DI Pointer to parameter table

Continued

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Interrupt 13h–Diskette Services, Continued

AH = 20h Get media type

Entry:
DL Drive number (0-1)
Exit:
AL Type of media installed:
00h = 720 kB diskette
01h = 1.44 MB diskette
02h = 2.88 MB diskette
03h = 1 MB diskette
04h = 2 MB diskette
06h = 4 MB diskette

Interrupt 13h–Fixed Disk Services

Interrupt 13h accesses these Services:

•

Standard Fixed-Disk Services, 00h-15h

•

Enhanced Disk Drive Services, 41h -48h

•

Bootable CD-ROM Services, 4Ah-4Dh

The following box lists the error codes:

AH 00h = No error
If Carry = 1:
AH 01 = Bad command or parameter
02h = Address mark not found
04h = Sector not found
05h = Reset failed
07h = Drive parameter activity failed
0Ah = Bad sector flag detected
10h = ECC data error
11h = ECC data corrected
20h = Controller failure
40h = Seek failed
80h = Time out occurred
AAh = Drive not ready
BBh = Undocumented controller error
CCh = Controller write fault
E0h = Un recognized controller error

Int 13h Fixed-Disk Exit Codes

The following describes the Standard Fixed-Disk services of PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Interrupt 13 Standard Fixed Disk Services
AH = 00 Reset diskette and fixed-disk systems
AH = 01h Read disk status

Entry:
DL Drive number (80h-81h)
Exit:
AH 001h = Bad command
002h = Bad address mark
004h = Record not found
005h = Controller reset error
007h = Drive initialization error
00Ah = Bad sector
010h = ECC data error
020h = Controller failed
040h = Seek error
0AAh = Drive not ready
0BBh = Invalid cont roller error
0CCh = Controller write fault
0E0h = Unrecognized controller error

Continued

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Interrupt 13h–Fixed Disk Services, Continued

AH = 02h Read disk sectors

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80h-81h)
DH Head number (0-15)
CH Track number (0-1023)
Put the two high-order bits (8 and 9)
in the high-order bits of CL
CL Sector number (1-17)
AL Number of sectors (1-80h for read)
(1-79h for long read, includes ECC)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 03h Write disk sectors

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
DH Head number (0-15)
CH Track number (0-1023)

Put the two high-order bits (8 and 9)
in the high-order bits of CL
CL Sector number (1-17)

AL Number of sectors (1-80h for write)
(1-79h for long write, includes ECC)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 04h Verify disk sectors

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80h-81h)
DH Head number (0-15)
CH Track number (0-1023)
Put the two high-order bits (8 and 9)
in the high-order bits of CL
CL Sector number (1-17)
AL Number of sectors (1-80h for write)
(1-79h for long write, includes ECC)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors verified

AH = 05h Format disk cylinder

Entry:
ES:BX Pointer to table containing the
following byte pair for each sector
in the track:
Byte 0: 00h if sector is good
80h if sector is bad
Byte 1: Sector Number (0-255)
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
DH Head number (0-15)
CH Track number (0-1023)
Put the two high-order bits (8 and 9)
in the high-order bits of CL
CL Sector number (1-17)
AL Number of sectors (1-80h for write)
(1-79h for long write, includes ECC)
Exit:
AL Number of sectors formatted

Continued

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Interrupt 13h–Fixed Disk Services, Continued

AH = 08h Read drive parameters

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
Exit:
CL Maximum sector number
CH Maximum cylinder number
(High bits in CL)
DH Maximum head number
DL Number of responding drives (0-2)
If Carry - 1:
AH 07h = Invalid drive number
AL 0 = Error
CX 0 = Error
DX 0 = Error

AH = 09h Initialize drive parameters

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)

AH = 0Ah Read long sector

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
DH Head number
CH Cylinder number
CL Sector number/Cyl high
AL Number of sectors
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 0Bh Write long sector

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
DH Head number
CH Cylinder number
CL Sector number/Cyl high
AL Number of sectors
Exit:
AL Number of sectors transferred

AH = 0Ch Seek drive

Entry:
ES:BX Buffer address
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
DH Head number
CH Cylinder number
CL Cylinder high

AH = 0Dh Alternate disk reset

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)

AH = 10h Test drive ready

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)

AH = 11h Recali brate drive

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)

AH = 14h Controller diagnostic

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)

AH = 15h Read drive type

Entry:
DL Drive number (80H-81H)
Exit:
AH 00 = Drive not present
01 = Drive cannot detect media change
02 = Drive can detect media change
03 = Fixed disk
CX High word of number of 512-byte blocks
DX Low word of number of 512-byte blocks

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Interrupt 13h–Extended Fixed Disk Services

The following describes the Interrupt 13h Extended Fixed Disk Services,
including the PhoenixBIOS Enhanced Disk Drive (EDD) services:

Int 13h Extended Fix ed Disk Services

AH = 41h Check Extensions Present

Entry:
BX 55AAh
DL Drive Number
Exit:
AH Major version number (20h)
AL Internal use only
BX 55AAh = Extensions present
CX Feature support map:
Bit 0: 1 = Extended disk access
Bit 1: 1 = Removable drive control
Bit 2: 1 = Enhanced Disk Drive Extensions
Bits 3-7, Reserved, must be 0

AH = 42h Extended Read

Entry:
DL Drive Number
DS:SI Disk address packet

AH = 43h Extended Write

Entry:
AL Verify Bits:
Bit 0: 0 = Write with verify off
1 = Write with verify on
Bits 1-7 Reserved, set to 0
DL Drive number
DS:SI Disk address packet

AH = 44h Verify Sectors

Entry:
DL Drive number
DS:SI Disk address packet

AH = 47h Extended Seek

Entry:
DL Drive number
DS:SI Disk address packet

AH = 48h Get Drive Parameters

Entry:
DL Drive Number
DS:SI Address of Result Buffer
Exit:
DS:SI Pointer to Result Buffer:
info_size dw 30 ;size of this buffer
flags dw ? ;info flags (See below)
cylinders dd ? ;cylinders on disk
heads dd ? ;heads on disk
sec_p er_track dd ? ;sectors per track
sectors dq ? ;sectors on disk
sector _size dw ? ;bytes per sector
extended_table dd? ;extended table ptr
; (See below)

info flags:

Bit 0 0 = DMA boundary errors possible
1 = DMA errors handled
Bit 1 0 = CHS info not supplied
1 = CHS info valid
Bit 2 0 = Drive not removable
1 = Drive removable
Bit 3 0 = No write with verify
1 = Write with verify
Bit 4 0 = No change-line support
1 = Change-line support
Bit 5 0 = Drive not lockable
1 = Drive lockable
Bit 6 0 = CHS values for installed media
1 = Maximum CHS values for drive (media absent)

Continued

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Interrupt 13h–Extended Fixed Disk Services, Continued

Byte Type Description

0-1 Word I/O port address
2-3 Word Control port address
4 Bit 0-3 Reserved, must be 0
Bit 4 0 = Master, 1 = Slave
Bit 5 Reserved, must be 0
Bit 6 1 = LBA enabled
Bit 7 Reserved, must be 1
5 Bits0-3 Phoenix Proprietary
Bits 4-7 Reserved, must be 0
6 Bits 0-3 IRQ for this drive
Bits 4-7 Reserved, must be 0
7 Byte Sector count for multi-sectored transfers
8 Bits 0-3 DMA channel
Bits 4-7 DMA type
9 Bits 0-3 PIO type
Bits 1-7 Reserved, must be 0

Byte Type Description

10-11 Bit 0 1 = Fast PIO access enabled
Bit 1 1 = DMA access enabled
Bit 2 1 = Block PIO access enabled
Bit 3 1 = CHS translation enabled
Bit 4 1 = LBA translation enabled
Bit 5 1 = Removable media
Bit 6 1 = CD ROM
Bit 7 1 = 32-bit transfer mode
Bit 8 1 = ATAPI Device uses Interrupt DRQ
Bits 9-10 CHS Translation Type
Bits 11-15 Reserved, must be 0
12-13 Byte Reserved, must be 0
14 Byte Extension Revision number
15 Byte Checksum, 2s complement of the sum of bytes 0-14

Extended Fixed Disk Parameter Table

Interrupt 13h–Bootable CD-ROM Services

Bootable CD-ROM Services 4Ah-4Ch use a pointer to the
described here:

Bootable CD-ROM Specification Packet

Offset Type Description

0h Byte Packet size, currently 13h
1h Byte Boot media type:
Bits 0-3:
00h = No emulation
01h = 1.2 MB diskette
02h = 1.44 MB diskette
03h = 2.88 MB diskette
04h = Hard disk (drive C:)
Bits 05h-07h: Reserved
Bit 6: 01h = System has ATAPI driver
with 8 & 9 below describing IDE interface.
Bit 7: 01h = System has SCSI drivers
with 8 & 9 below describing SCSI interface
2h Byte Drive number:
00h = Floppy image
80 = Bootable hard disk
81h -FFh = "Non-bootable" or "No emulation"

Continued

Specification Packet

,

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Interrupt 13h–Bootable CD-ROM Services, Continued

Offset Type Description

3h Byte Controller index of CD drive
4h-7h Dword Logical Block Address
8h-9h Word Device specification:
For SCSI:
Byte 8: LUN and PUN of CD drive
Byte 9: Bus number
For IDE:
Byte 8 LSB: 0 = Master, 1 = Slave
Ah-Bh Word User buffer segment
Ch-Dh Word Load segment (only for Int 13h 4Ch):
00h = 7C0h
Eh-Fh Word Virtual sector count (only for Int 13h 4Ch)
10h Byte Low-order bits (0-7) of the cylinder count
(Matches returned CH of Int 13h 08h)
11h Byte Bits 0-5: Sector count
Bits 6-7: High order 2 bits of cylinder count
(Matches returned CL of Int 13h 08h)
12h Byte Head count (Matches returned DH of Int 13h 0h)

Bootable CD-ROM Service 4Dh uses a pointer to the

Command Packet

described here:

Bootable CD-ROM Command Packet

Offset Type Description

0h Byte Packet size in bytes, currently 08h
1h Byte Count of sectors in boot catalog to transfer
2-h Dword Pointer to destination buffer for boot catalog
6-7h Word Beginning sector to transfer, relative to start of
the boot catalog. Int 14 4Dh should set this
value to 00h.

The following describes the Interrupt 13 Bootable CD-ROM Services of
PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Int 13 Bootable CD-ROM Services

AH = 4Ah Initiate disk emulation

Entry:
AL 00
DS:SI Pointer to Specification Packet (See above)
CF 0 = Specified drive emulating
1 = System not in emulation mode

AH = 4Bh Terminate disk emulation

Entry:
AL 00h = Return status and terminate emulation
01h = Return status only, do not terminate
DL Drive number to terminate
7Fh = Terminate all
DS:SI Empty Specification Packet
Exit:
DS:SI Completed Specification Packet (See above)
AX Exit status codes
CF 0 = System released
1 = System not in emulation mode

AH = 4Ch Initiate disk emulation and boot

Entry:
AL 00h
DS:SI Specification P acket (See above)

AH = 4Dh Return boot catalog

Entry :
AL 00h
DS:SI Point to Command Packet (See above)

,

Interrupt 14h–Serial Services

The INT 14 software interrupt handles serial I/O service requests. Use the AH
register to specify the service to invoke. This describes the UART Modem and
Line Status returned by these services. It also includes two services, 04h and
05h, that support the extended communication capabilities of PS/2.

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The following describes the modem status returned by serial services.

Modem Status

AL Description

Bit 0 1 = Delta clear to send
Bit 1 1 = Delta data set ready
Bit 2 1 = Trailing edge ring indicator
Bit 3 1 = Delta data carrier detect
Bit 4 1 = Clear to send
Bit 5 1 = Data set ready
Bit 6 1 = Ring indicator
Bit 7 1 = Received line signal detect

The following describes the line status returned by Int 14h Serial Services.

Line Status

AH Description

Bit 0 1 = Data ready
Bit 1 1 = Overrun error
Bit 2 1 = Parity error
Bit 3 1 = Framing error
Bit 4 1 = Break detect
Bit 5 1 = Trans holding register empty
Bit 6 1 = Trans shift register empty
Bit 7 1 = Time out error

The following describes the serial communication services of PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Interrupt 14h Serial Services

AH = 00 Initialize Serial Adapter

Entry:
AL Init parameters:
Bit 1,0 10 = 7 data bits
11 = 8 data bits
Bit 2 0 = 1 stop bit
1 = 2 stop bits
Bit 4,3 00 = No parity
10 = No parity
01 = Odd parity
11 = Even parity
Bit 7-5 000 = 110 Baud- 417 divisor
001 = 150 Baud-300 divisor
010 = 300 Baud-180 divisor
011 = 600 Baud-0C0 divisor
100 = 1200 Baud-060 divisor
101 = 2400 Baud-030 divisor
110 = 4800 Baud-018 divisor
111 = 9600 Baud-00C divisor
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
Exit:
AL Modem status
AH Line status

AH = 01h Send character

Entry:
AL Character to transmit
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
Exit:
AH Line status

AH = 02h Receive character

Entry:
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
Exit:
AL Character received
AH Line Status

AH = 03h Return serial port status

Entry:
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
Exit:
AH Line status
AL Modem status

Continued

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Interrupt 14h–Serial Services, Continued

AH = 04h Extended Initialize (PS/2)

Entry:
DX 0-3 = Communications adapter
AL 00 = Break
01 = No break
BH Parity:
00 = None
01 = Odd
02 = Even
03 = Stick parity odd
04 = Stick parity even
BL Stop bits:
00 = One
01 = Two if 6,7, or 8-bit word length
One and one-half if 5-bit word length
CH Word length:
00 = 5 bits
01 = 6 bits
02 = 7 bits
03 = 8 bits
CL Baud rate:
00 = 110 baud
01 = 150 baud
02 = 300 baud
03 = 600 baud
04 = 1200 baud
05 = 2400 baud
06 = 6000 baud
07 = 9600 baud
08 = 19200 baud
Exit:
AL Modem status
AH Line status

AH = 05h Extended Communications Port C ontrol (PS/2)
AL = 00 Read modem control register

Entry:
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
Exit:
BL Modem control register

AL = 01 Write modem control register

Entry:
DX Serial p ort (0-3)
BL Modem control register
Exit:
AL Modem status
AH Line status

Interrupt 15h–System Services

The INT 15 software interrupt handles a variety of system services:

•

Multi-tasking–80h, 81h, 82h, 85h, 90h, and 91h

•

Joystick support–84h

•

Wait routines–83h and 86h

•

Protected-mode support–87h and 89h

•

Report extended memory to 64 kB–88h

•

System information–C0h

•

Advanced Power Management (opt ional)–53h

•

Report extended memory above 64 kB (optional)–8Ah and E8h

•

PS/2 Mouse support (optional)–C2h

•

EISA Support (optional)–D8h

The first section describes the standard Interrupt 15 services, followed by
separate sections describing each of the optional services.

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Interrupt 15h System Services

AH = 00-03h Cassette services

Entry:
No longer supported
Exit:
Carry 1 = Not supported

AH = 80h Device open

Entry:
BX Device identifier
CX Process identifier

AH = 81h Device close

Entry:
BX Device identifier
CX Process identifier

AH = 82h P rogram termination

Entry:
BX Device identifier

AH = 83h Event wait
AL 00 = Set interval

Entry:
ES:BX Pointer to byte in caller's memory that will have
bit 7 set when interval expires.
CX Microseconds before post (high byte)
DX Microseconds before post (low byte)
Exit:
AH 83h
AL A value written to CMOS register B
00h = Function busy

AL 01 = Cancel set interval

Exit:
AH 83
AL 00

AH = 84h Joystick support

Entry:
DL 00 = Read switch settings
Exit:
AL Switch settings
DL 01 Return resistive inputs
Exit:
AX Input bit 0 (Joystick A, x coordinate)
BX Input bit 1 (Joystick A, y coordinate)
CX Input bit 2 (Joystick B, x coordinate)
DX Input bit 3 (Joystick B, y coordinate)

AH = 85h Sy stem request key pressed

Entry:
AL 00 System request key pressed
AL 01 System request key released

AH = 86h Wait

Entry:
CX Number of microseconds to wait (high byte)
DX Number of microseconds to wait (low byte)

Continued

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Interrupt 15h–System Services, Continued

AH = 87h Extended memory move block

Entry:
CX Number of words to move
ES:SI Pointer to Global Descriptor
Byte 0-1 Bits 0-15 of Segment Limit
Byte 2-3 Bits 0-15 of Base Address
Byte 4 Bits 16-23 of Base Address
Byte 5 Access Rights
Byte 6 Bits 7-4 more Access Rights
Bits 3-0 upper 4 bits of Segment Limit
Byte 7 Bits 24-31 of Base Address
(See Intel programmer's reference)

AH = 88h Extended memory size

Exit:
AX Amount of Extended memory less 1 kB up to 64 MB,
in 1 kB blocks (FFFCh implies 64 MB or greater. Use
INT 15 Big Memory Services for further information).

AH = 89h Enter protected mode

Entry:
ES:SI Pointer to Global Descriptor (See service 87)
BH Offset in IDT for IRQ 00-07
BL Offset in IDT for IRQ 08-0F

AH = 90h Device busy

Entry:
AL Type code:
00h = Fixed disk (May time out)
01h = Di skette (May time out)
02h = Keyboard (No time out)
03h = Pointing device (May time out)
80h = Network (No time out)
FCh = Fixed disk reset (May time out)
FDh = Diskette drive motor start (May time out)
FEh = Printer (May time out)
ES:BX Points to request block if AL = 80h-FFh
Exit:
Carry 0 = No wait performed
(Driver must perform own wait)
1 = Wait performed (I/O complete or time out)

AH = 91h Interrupt complete

Entry:
AL Type code: See service 90h

AH = C0h Return system parameters

Exit:
ES:BX Pointer to System Configuration
Bytes 1-2 Length of table in bytes (8)
Byte 3 Model (FCh = AT
Byte 4 Sub model (01h = AT)
Byte 5 BIOS revision level (0)
Byte 6 Feature information:
Bit 0 0 = Reserved
Bit 1 0 = ISA-type I/O channel
Bit 2 0 = EDBA no t allocated
Bit 3 0 = Wait for extern al event
supported
Bit 4 1 = Keyboard intercept
(INT 154F) called by INT 09h
Bit 5 1 = Real t ime clock present
Bit 6 1 = Second PIC present
Bit 7 0 = Fixed disk BIOS does not
use DMA channel 3
Byte 7 Reserved
Byte 8 Reserved

AH = C1h Return Extended BIOS Data Area Address

Exit:
ES Extended BIOS Data Area Segment Address
If Carry = 1
AH 86 = Invalid BIOS routine call (No EBDA)

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Interrupt 15h–APM Services

The INT 15 software interrupt optionally handles the calls supporting APM
(Advanced P ower Management).

The following are the APM exit status codes:

APM Service Exit S t atus Codes

AH 00h = No error
If Carry = 1:
AH 01h = Power Management disabled
02h = Real Mode interface already connected
03h = Interface not connected
05h = 16-bit protected mode interface already
connected
06h = 16-bit protected mode interface not
supported
07h = 32-bit protected mode interface already
connected
08h = 32-bit protected mode interface not
supported
09h = Unrecognized Device ID
0Ah = Parameter value out of range
0Bh = In terface not engaged
60h = Unable to enter requested state
80h = No PM events pending
86h = No APM present

The following are the Interrupt 15 APM Services of PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Interrupt 15h APM Services
AH = 53h APM 1.0 and APM 1.1 BIOS Services
AL = 00h Installation Check

Entry:
BX 0000h = Power Device ID (APM BIOS)
All other values reserved
Exit:
AH APM major revision in BCD
AL APM minor revision in BCD

BH ASCII "P"
BL ASCII "M"
CX APM information:
Bit 0 1 = 16 bit P rot Mode supported
Bit 1 1 = 32 Bit Prot Mode supported
Bit 2 1 = CPU IDLE slows down CPU speed.
Requires APM CPU Busy service
Bit 3 1 = BIOS Power Management is disabled
Bit 4 1 = APM disengaged

AL = 01h Interface Connect

Entry:
BX 0000h = Power Device ID (APM BIOS)
All other values reserved

AL = 02h Protected-mode 16-bit interface connect

Entry:
BX 0000h = Power Device ID (APM BIOS)
All other values reserved
Exit:
AX APM 16-bit code segment (real mode
segment base address)
BX Offset of entry point into the BIOS
CX APM 16-bit data segment (real mode segment
address)
SI BIOS code segment length
DI BIOS data segment length

Continued

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Interrupt 15h–APM Services, Continued

AL = 03h Protected-mode 32-bit interface connect

Entry:
BX Power Device ID, 0000h
All other values reserved
Exit:
AX APM 32-bit code segment (real mode segment
base address)
EBX Offset of entry point into the BIOS
CX APM 16-bit data segment (real mode segment
address)
DX APM data segment (real mode segment
address)
SI BIOS code segment length
DI BIOS data segment length

AL = 04h Protected-mode 32-bit interface connect

Entry:
BX 0000h = Power Device ID (APM BIOS)
All other values reserved

AL = 05h CPU Idle
AL = 06h CPU busy
AL = 07h Set Power State

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
01XXh = Display
02XXh = Secondary Storage
03XXh = Parallel Ports
04X Xh = Serial Ports
05XXh = Network Adapters
06XXh = PCMCIA Sockets
E000h-EFFFh = OEM-defined power-device
IDs
where:
XXh = Unit Number (0 based)
Unit Number FFh = all units in this class
CX Power State:
*0000h = APM enabled
0001h = Standby
0002h = Suspend
0003h = Off
**0004h = Last Request Processing
Notification
**0005h = Last Request Rejected
0006h-001Fh = Reserved system states
0020h-003Fh = OEM-defined system states
0040h-007Fh = OEM-defined device states
0080-FFFFh = Reserved device states
* Not supported for Power Device ID 0001h
**Only supported for Power Device ID 0001h

AL = 08h Enable/disable power management

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices controlled by the BIOS
FFFFh = All PM devices controlled by the
BIOS (For compatibility with APM 1.0)
All other values reserved
CX Function code:
0000h = Disable power management
0001h = Enable power management

AL = 09h Restore Pow er-On Defaults

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
FFFFh = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
(For compatibility with APM 1.0)
All other values reserved

Continued

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Interrupt 15h–APM Services, Continued

AL = 0Ah Get Power Status

Entry:
BX Power Device ID, 0000h = APM BIOS
All other values reserved
Exit:
BH AC line status:
00h = Off line
01h = On line
02h = On backup power
FFh = Unknown
All other values reserved
BL Battery status:
00h = High
01h = Low
02h = Critical
03h = Charging
FFh = Unknown
CL Percentage of charge remaining:
0-100 = Percentage of full charge
FFh = Unknown
All other values reserved

AL = 0Bh Get PM Event

Exit:
BX PM event code

AL = 0Ch Get Power State

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
01XXh = Display
02XXh = Secondary Storage
03XXh = Parallel Ports
04X Xh = Serial Ports
05XXh = Network Adapters
06XXh = PCMCIA Sockets
E000h-EFFFh = OEM-defined power-device IDs
All other values reserved
where:
XXh = Unit Number (0 based)

AH = 53h APM 1.1 BIOS Services
AL = 0Dh Enable/Disable power management

(APM 1.1 only)

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
01XXh = Display
02XXh = Secondary Storage
03XXh = Parallel Ports
04X Xh = Serial Ports
05XXh = Network Adapters
06XXh = PCMCIA Sockets
E000h-EFFFh = OEM-defined power-device IDs
All other values reserved
where:
XXh = Unit Number (0 based)

AL = 0Eh APM Driver Version
(APM 1.1 only)

Entry:
BX 0000h = BIOS device
CH APM Driver major version number (BCD)
CL APM Driver minor version number (BCD)
Exit:
AH APM Connection major version number (BCD)
AL APM Connection minor version number (BCD)

Continued

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Interrupt 15h–APM Services, Continued

AL = 0Fh Engage/disengage power management
(APM 1.1 only)

Entry:
BX Power Device ID:
0001h = All PM devices managed by the BIOS
01XXh = Display
02XXh = Secondary Storage
03XXh = Parallel Ports
04X Xh = Serial Ports
05XXh = Network Adapters
06XXh = PCMCIA Sockets
E000h-EFFFh = OEM-defined power-device
IDs
All other values reserved
where:
XXh = Unit Number (0 based)
Unit Number FFh = all devices in this class
CX Function code:
0000h = Disengage power management
0100h = Engage power management

Interrupt 15h–Big Memory Services

The INT 15 software interrupt is an installable option that handles the calls
reporting extended memory over 64 MB.

Interrupt 15h Big Memory Services

AH = 8Ah Bi g Memory size, Phoenix defini tion

Entry:
AX Low 16-bit value
DX High 16-bit value
= amount of memory above 64 MB in 1 kB blocks

AH = E8h Big Memory size
AL = 01h Big Memory Size, 16 Bit

Exit:
Carry 0 = E801 Supported
AX Memory 1 MB to 16 MB, in 1 kB blocks
BX Memory above 16 MB, in 64 kB blocks
CX Configured memory 1 MB to 16 MB, in 1 kB
blocks
DX Configured memory above 16 MB, in 64
kB blocks

AL = 20h System Memory Map

Entry:
EBX Continuation value
ES:DI Address of Address Range Descriptor
ECX Length of Address Range Descriptor
(=> 20 bytes)
EDX "SMAP" signature
Exit:
Carry 0 = E820 Supported
EAX "SMAP" signature
ES:DI Same value as entry
ECX Length of actual reported information in bytes
EBX Continuation value

Structure of Address Range Descriptor:
Bytes 0-3 Low 32 bits of Base Address
Bytes 4-7 High 32 bits of Base Address
Bytes 8-11 Low 32 bits of Length in bytes
Bytes 12-15 High 32 bits of Length in bytes
Bytes 16-20 Type of Address Range:
1 = AddressRangeMemory, available to OS
2 = AddressRangeReserved, not avail able

3 =
4 =

Continued

AddressRangeACPI, available to OS
AddressRangeNVS, not available to OS

= Not defined, not available

Other

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Interrupt 15h–Big Memory Services, Continued

NOTE: Each call of this service defines a descriptor buffer
and requests the memory status of the address range
specified by the cont i nuation value, where zero = first address
range. The function fills the buffer and returns the continuation
value for the next ad dress range, where zero = last
address range.

AL = 81h Big Memory Size, 32 -Bit Protected Mode

Exit:
Carry 0 = E881 supported
EAX Memory 1 MB to 16 MB, 1 kB blocks
EBX Memory above 16 MB, 64 kB blocks
ECX Configured memory 1 MB to 16 MB, 1 kB
blocks
EDX Configured memory above 16 MB, 64 kB
blocks

Interrupt 15h–PS/2 Mouse Services

The INT 15 software interrupt optionally supports systems with the PS/2 mouse
or similar devices installed on the motherboard. The following table describes
the exit status codes:

PS/2 Mouse Exit Status Codes

AH 00h = No error
01h = Invalid function call
02h = Invalid input value
03h = Interface error
04h = Request for resend received from 8042
05h = No driver installed (i.e., Function C207
has not been called)

The following table describes the Interrupt 15h PS/2 mouse services of
PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Interrupt 15h PS/2 Mouse Services
AH = C2h PS/2 Mouse Support
AL 00 = Enable/Disable PS/2 Mouse

Entry:
BH 00h = Disable
01h = Enable

AL 01 = Reset PS /2 Mouse

Exit:
BH Device ID

AL 02 = Set Sample Rate

Entry:
BH Sample rate:
00h = 10 reports per second
01h = 20 reports per second
02h = 30 reports per second
03h = 40 reports per second
04h = 60 reports per second
04h = 80 reports per second
05h = 100 reports per second
06h = 200 reports per second

AL 03h = Set resolution

Entry:
BH Resolution value:
00h = 1 count per millimeter
01h = 2 counts per millimeter
02h = 4 counts per millimeter
03h = 8 counts per millimeter

AL 04h = Read Device Ty pe

Exit:
BH Device ID

AL 05h = Initialize PS/2 mouse

Entry:
BH Data package size (01-08h, in bytes)

Continued

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Interrupt 15h-PS/2 Mouse Services, continued

AL 06h = Set Scaling or Get Status

Entry:
BH 00 = Ret urn status (See Exit Status bel ow)
01 = S et Scaling Factor to 1:1
02 = S et Scaling Factor to 2:1
Exit:
If Entry BH = 00:
BL Status byte 1:
Bit 0 1 = Right button pressed
Bit 1 0 = Reserved
Bit 2 1 = Left button pressed
Bit 3 0 = Reserved
Bit 4 0 = 1:1 Scaling
1 = 2:1 Scaling
Bit 5 0 = Disable
1 = Enable
Bit 6 0 = Stream mode
1 = Remote mode
Bit 7 0 = Reserved

CL Status byte 2:
00h = 1 count per millimeter
01h = 2 counts per millimeter
02h = 4 counts per millimeter
03h = 8 counts per millimeter
DL Status byte 3:
0Ah = 10 reports per second
14h = 20 reports per second
28h = 40 reports per second
3Ch = 60 reports per second
50h = 80 reports per second
64h = 100 reports per second
C8h = 200 reports per second

AL 07 = Set PS/2 mouse driver address

Entry:
ES:BX Pointer to mouse driver

Interrupt 15h–EISA Services

The INT 15 software interrupt optionally supports systems with EISA (Extended
Industry Standard Architecture) with these services:

Read slot configuration information–D800h, D880h
Read function c onfiguration info rmation–D801h, D881h
Clear EISA CMOS–D802h , D882h
Write slot configuration information to EISA CMOS–D803h, D883h
Read physical slot information–D804, D884h

The EISA BIOS services accommodate real and protected mode and 16 and 32­bit addressing. See the EISA specifications for descriptions of these services.

The following are the exit status codes for the Int 15 EISA services:

Int 15 EISA Exit Status Codes

AH 00h = No error
If Carry = 1
AH 80h = Invalid slot number
81h = Invalid function number
82h = Extended CMOS corrupted
83h = Empty slot specified
84h = Error writing to CMOS
85h = CMOS is full
86h = Invalid BIOS routine call
87h = Invalid system configuration
88h = Configuration utility not supported

The following are the Interrupt 15 EISA services of PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

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Interrupt 15h EISA Services
AH = D8h Access EISA System Information
AL 00h = Read slot config information

80h = Read slot config information, 32 bit

Entry:
CL Slot number (0-63)
Exit:

AL Vendor information byte:
Bits 3-0 Duplicate ID number:
0000 = No duplicate ID
0001 = First duplicate ID
Bits 5-4 Slot type:
00 = Expansion slot
01 = Embedded device
10 = Virtual device
11 = Reserved
Bit 6 Product ID:
00 = Readable
0 1 = Not readable
Bit 7 Duplicate ID:
0 0 = No duplicate ID
0 1 = Duplicate IDs
BH Major revision level of config utility
BL Minor revision level of config utility
CH MSbyte of checksum of config file
LSbyte of checksum of config file
DH Number of device functions
DL Combined function information byte:
Bit 7 Reserved
Bit 6 Slot has free-form data entries
Bit 5 Slot has port initialization entries
Bit 4 Slot has port range entries
Bit 3 Slot has DMA entries
Bit 2 Slot has IRQ entries
Bit 1 Slot has memory entries
Bit 0 Slot has function type entries
DI First word of compressed device ID
SI Second word of compressed device ID
(See "Read physical slot information" below)

AL 01h = Read function config information
81 h = Read function config information, 32 bit

Entry:
CH Function number (0 to n-1)
CL Slot number (0-63)
DS:SI Pointer to output data buffer
Exit:
DS Segment for return data buffer
SI Offset to return data buffer (16 bit)
ESI Offset to return data buffer (32 bit)

AL 02h = Clear EIS A CMOS configuration
82h = Clear EISA CMOS configuration 32 bit

Entry:
BH Configuration utility major revision level
BL Configuration utility minor revision level

AL 03h = Write slot config information
83h = Write slot config information, 32 bit

Entry:
CX Length of data structure in bytes
DS Segment of data table
SI Offset of data table (16-bit call)
ESI Offset of data table (32-bit call)
Continued

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Interrupt 15h–EISA Services, Continued

AL 04h = Read board ID registers
84 h = Read board ID regist ers, 32 bit

Entry:
CL Slot number (0-63)
Exit:
DI First word of compressed ID:
Byte 0:
Bits 1-0 2nd character of manufacturer code
Bits 6-2 1st character of manufacturer code
Bit 7 Reserved
Byte 1:
Bits 4-0 3rd character of manufacturer code
Bits 5-7 2nd character of manufacture code, cont.
SI Second word of compressed ID:
Byte 0:
Bits 3-0 2nd hex digit of product number
Bits 7-4 1st hex digit of product number
Byte 1:
Bits 3-0 Hex digit of revision number
Bits 7-4 3rd hex digit of product number
If Carry = 1:

Interrupt 16h–Keyboard Services

The INT 16 software interrupt handles keyboard I/O services. The following
describes the keyboard services of PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

Interrupt 16h Keyboard Services

AH = 00h Read keyboard input

Exit:
AL ASCII keystroke pressed
AH Scan code of key

AH = 01h Return keyboard status

Exit:
AL ASCII keystroke pressed
AH Scan code of key
ZF No keystroke availabl e
NZ Keystroke in buffer

AH = 02h Return shift-flag status

Exit:
AL Current shift status

AH = 03h Set typematic rate and delay.

Entry:
AL 05 (sub function number)
BL 00H through 1FH, typematic rate
(30 chars/ sec to 2 char/sec)
BH Delay rate:
00h = 250 ms
01h = 500 ms
02h = 750 ms
03h = 1000 ms
04h to 07h = Reserved

AH = 05h Add key to Keyboard buffer.

Entry:
CL ASCII code
CH Scan code
Exit:
If Carry = 1:
AL Keyboard buffer full

AH = 10h Read extended character from buffer.

Exit:
AL ASCII keystroke pressed
AH Scan code of key

Continued

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Interrupt 16h–Keyboard Services, Continued

AH = 11h Return extended buffer status.

Exit:
AL ASCII keystroke pressed
AH Scan code of key
ZF No keystroke availabl e
NZ Keystroke in buffer

AH = 12h Return extended shift status.

Exit:
AL Shift status:
Bit 7 1 = Sys Req pressed
Bit 6 1 = Caps Lock active
Bit 5 1 = Num Lock active
Bit 4 1 = Scroll Lock active
Bit 3 1 = Right Alt active
Bit 2 1 = Right Ctrl active
Bit 1 1 = Left Alt active
Bit 0 1 = Left Ctrl active
AH Extended shift status:
Bit 7 1 = Insert active
Bit 6 1 = Caps Lock active
Bit 5 1 = Num Lock active
Bit 4 1 = Scroll Lock active
Bit 3 1 = Alt pressed
Bit 2 1 = Ctrl pressed
Bit 1 1 = Left Shift pressed
Bit 0 1 = Right Shift pressed

Interrupt 17h–Parallel Printer Services

The INT 17 software interrupt supports up to 4 parallel adapters. The BIOS
stores the standard base addresses for three parallel adapters in the BIOS Data
Area at 3FCh, 378h, and 278h. These services use the I/O ports 0278h-027Ah,
0378h-037Ah, and 03BCh-03BEh.

AH = 00h P rint character

Entry:
AL Character to print
DX Printer port (0-3)
Exit:
AH Printer Status (see below)

AH = 01h Initialize printer port

Entry:
DX Printer port (0-3)
Exit:
AH Printer Status (see below)

AH = 02h Return printer status

Entry:
DX Printer port (0-3)
Exit:
AH Printer Status:
Bit 0 1 = Time-out error
Bit 1 Reserved
Bit 2 Reserved
Bit 3 1 = I/O error
Bit 4 1 = Printer selected
Bit 5 1 = Out of paper
Bit 6 1 = Acknowledgment from printer
Bit 7 1 = Printer not busy

Interrupt 17h Parallel Printer Services

Interrupt 17h–EPP Services

Use Interrupt 17h 02h to obtain the BIOS entry point (also called the EPP
Vector) to Enhanced Parallel Printer (EPP) Services. To use the other EPP
services, load AH with an appropriate function value and Far call the EPP
Vector.

The following are the EPP exit status codes:

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EPP Services Exit Status Codes

AH 00h = No error
01h = Failed I/O function
02h = Invalid function
03h = EPP not supported
04h = Not an EPP port
20h = Multiplexor not present
40h = Multiplexor already locked

The following are the Int 17 EPP services of

AH = 02h EPP Install ation check
Entry:

DX EPP printer port (0-2)
AL 0
CH 45h = "E"
BL 50h = "P"
BH 50h = "P"
Exit:
AL 45h
CX 5050h
DX:BX EPP BIOS entry point

Vectored EPP Services
(Call entry point)
AH = 00h Query EPP port configuration

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
Exit:
AL Interrupt level of EPP port (00-15h)
FFh = Interrupts not supported
BH EPP BIOS revision (MMMMnnnn or M.n)
BL I/O capabilities:
Bit 0 Multiplexor present
Bit 1 PS/2 bi-directional capable
Bit 2 Daisy chain present
Bit 3 ECP capable
CX SPP I/O base address
ES:DI FAR pointer to EPP BIOS manufacturer's
info/version text string, zero terminated

AH = 01h Set mode

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Modes:
Bit 0 Set compatibility mode
Bit 1 Set Bi-directional mode
Bit 2 Set EPP mode
Bit 3 Set ECP mode
Bit 4 Set EPP software emulation (via
standard parallel port)

AH = 02h Get mode

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
Exit:
AL Modes:
Bit 0 In compatibility mode
Bit 1 In Bi-directional mode
Bit 2 In EPP mode
Bit 3 In ECP mode
Bit 4 In EPP software-emulation mode
Bit 7 EPP port interrupts enabled

AH = 03h Interrupt control

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL 0 = Disable EPP port interrupts
1 = Enable EPP port interrupts

AH = 04h Reset EPP port

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)

Continued

Interrupt 17h EPP Service

Phoenix

BIOS 4.0:

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Interrupt 17h–EPP Services, Continued

AH = 05h Write address/select device

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address to write

AH = 06h Read address

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address to write
Exit:
AL Address/device data returned

AH = 07 Write byte

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Data byte

AH = 08 Write block

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
CX Number of bytes to write (0 = 64k)
ES:SI Client buffer w/data
Exit:
CX Bytes not transferred (0 = no error)

AH = 09h Read byte

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
Exit:
AL Data byte returned

AH = 0Ah Read block

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
CX Number of bytes to read (0 = 6 4k)
ES:DI Client buffer for returned data
Exit:
CX Bytes not transferred (0 = no error)

AH = 0Bh Write address, read byte

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address
Exit:
AL Data byte returned

AH = 0Ch Write address, write byte

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address
DH Data byte to write

AH = 0Dh Writ e address, read block

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address
CX Number of bytes to read (0 = 6 4k)
ES:DI Client buffer for data
Exit:
AL Returned byte data
CX Bytes not transferred (0 = no error)

AH = 0Eh Write address, write block

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Device address
CX Number of bytes to write
ES:SI Client buffer w/data
Exit:
CX Bytes not transferred (0 = no error)

AH = 0Fh Lock port

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
BL Port address:
Bits 7-4 Daisy chain port number (1-8)
Bits 3-0 Mux device port number (1-8)
0 = No multiplexor

AH = 10h Unlock port

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2 )

Continued

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Interrupt 17h–EPP Services, Continued

AH = 11h Device interrupt

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
BL The multiplexor device port (1-8)
0 = No multiplexor
AL 0 = Disable device int errupts
1 = Enable device interrupts
ES:DI Far pointer to interrupt-event handler

AH = 12h Real time mode

Entry:
AL 0 = Query if any real-time device present
1 = Add (advertise) real-time device
2 = Remove real-time device
Exit:
AL 0 = No real-time devices present
1 = One o r more real-time devices present

AH = 40h Query multiplexor

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
Exit:
AL Bit 0 1 = Channel locked
Bit 1 1 = Interrupt pending
BL Currently selected port

AH = 41h Query multiplexor device port

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
BL The multiplexor device port (1-8)
0 = No multiplexor
Exit:
AL Status flags:
Bit 0 1 = Port selected
Bit 1 1 = Port locked
Bit 2 1 = Interrupts enabled
Bit 3 1 = Interrupt pending
CX EPP product/Device ID
0 = Undefined

AH = 42h Set product ID

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
AL Mapped EPP Mux device port (1-8)
CX EPP Product ID

AH = 50h Rescan daisy chain

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)

BL The multiplexor device port (1-8)
0 = No multiplexor

AH = 51h Query daisy chain

Entry:
DL EPP printer port (0-2)
BL The multiplexor device port (1-8)
0 = No multiplexor
Exit:
AL Status flags:
Bit 0 1 = Channel locked
Bit 1 1 = Interrupt pending
BL Currently selected device
CL Depth of daisy chain on this port
0 = No daisy chain on this port
ES:DI Pointer to ASCII string, driver vendor ID

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Interrupt 1Ah–Time of Day Services

The INT 1Ah software interrupt handles the time of day I/O services. A Carry
flag set on exit may indicate the clock is not operating.

Interrupt 1Ah Time-of-Day Services

AH = 00h Read current time

Exit:
CX High word of tick count
DX Low word of tick count
AL 00h = Day rollover has not occurred
(Timer count is less than 24 hours since last
power on or reset)

AH = 01h Set current time (Clear rollover bit)

Entry:
CX High word of tick count
DX Low word of tick count

AH = 02h Read real time clock

Exit:
CH BCD hours
CL BCD minutes
DH BCD seconds
DL 00 = Standard Time
01h = Daylight Savings

AH = 03h Set the real time clock

Entry:
CH BCD hours
CL BCD minutes
DH BCD seconds
DL 01h = Daylight saving
00h = Otherwise

AH = 04h Read date from real time clock

Exit:
CH BCD century
CL BCD year
DH BCD month
DL BCD date

AH = 05h Set date in real time clock

Entry:
CH BCD century
CL BCD year
DH BCD month
DL BCD date

AH = 06h Set real-time alarm

Entry:
CH BCD hours to alarm
CL BCD minutes t o alarm
DH BCD seconds to alarm
Exit:
C 1 = Alarm already set

AH = 07h Reset real-time alarm

Exit:
AL Value written to CMOS RAM register 0Bh

Interrupt 1Ah–General PCI Services

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 optionally supports General PCI Interrupt 1Ah Services. The
following are the exit status codes:

PCI Services Exit Status Codes

AH 00h = Successful
If Carry = 1:
AH 81h = Function not supported
83h = Bad vendor ID
86h = Device not found
87h = Bad register number
88h = Set failed
89h = Buffer too small

The following are the PCI Services:

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Interrupt 1Ah General PCI Services
AH = B1h PCI Services
AL 01h = P CI BIOS present

Exit:
EDX "PCI", "P" in [DL], "C" in [DH], etc.
AL Hardware mechanism:

Bit Description

4 Spec. Cycle–Config Mechanism #1 support
1 Config Mechanism #2 support
0 Config Mechanism #1 support
BH Interface level major version
BL Int erface level mino r versi on
CL Number of last PCI bus

AL 02h = Find PCI Device

Entry:
CX Device ID (0-65535)
DX Vendor ID (0-65534)
SI Index (0-n)
Exit:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number

AL 03h = Find PCI c lass code

Entry:
ECX Class code in lower three bytes
SI Index (0-n)
Exit:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number

AL 06h = Generate special cycle

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
EDX Special cycle data

AL 08h = Read configuration byte

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0-255)
Exit:
CL Byte read

AL 09h = Read configuration word

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0, 2, 4,...254)
Exit:
CX Word read

AL 0Ah = Read configuration Dword

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0, 4, 8,...252)
Exit:
ECX Dword read

AL 0Bh = Write c o nfiguration byte

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0-255)
CL Byte value to write
Continued

5 Spec. Cycle–Config Mechanism #2 support

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Interrupt 1Ah–General PCI Services, Continued

AL 0Ch = Write configuration wor d

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0, 2, 4,...254))
CX Word value to write

AL 0Dh = Write configuration Dword

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
DI Register number (0, 4, 8,...252)
ECX Dword value to write

AL 0Eh = Get PCI IRQ routing options

Entry:
DS Segment or Selector for BIOS data
ES Segment or Selector for Route Buffer parameter
DI 16-bit offset for Route Buffer para meter
EDI 32-bit offse t for Route Buffer parame ter
Exit:
BX Exclusive-PCI IRQ data map:
Bit 0 1 = IRQ0 PCI only
Bit 1 1 = IRQ1 PCI only
...
Bit 15 1 = IRQ15 PCI only

AL 0Fh = Set P CI hardware interrupt

Entry:
BH Bus number (0-255)
BL Bits 7-3 Device number
Bits 2-0 Function number
CL PCI interrupt pin (0Ah...0Dh)
CH IRQ number (0-15)
DS Segment or Selector for BIOS data

PnP Run-Time Services

Plug and Play automatically configures PC hardware and attached devices
without requiring you to manually configure the device with jumpers or in Setup.
You can install a new device such as sound or fax card ("plug it in") and start
working ("begin playing").

To work properly, however, Plug-and-Play must be supported in the hardware
and software, including the BIOS, the operating system (such as Microsoft
Windows 95), and the hardware drivers.

Each Plug and Play device must have all of the following capabilities:

1. It must be uniquely identified

2. It must state the services it provides and the resources it requires

3. It must allow software to configure it.

Note: To register a new unique vendor ID or manufacturer ID fo r Plug and Play
hardware, please send e-mail to [e-mail].

NOTE: There are a variety of Plug and Play technologies, including BIOS, ISA,
SCSI, IDE, CD-ROM, LPT, COM, PCMCIA, and drivers. For complete
instructions on using the PnP BIOS Services, consult the Plug and Play BIOS
Specification V. 1.0a. You can download this specification and other PnP
specifications from this Microsoft Web site:

http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev/specs/pnpspecs.htm

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Technical Reference

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 optionally supports PnP (Plug and Play) Runtime Services in
Real and Protected Mode in with the following routines:

00h Get Number of Device Nodes
01h Get Device Node
02h Set Device Node
03h Get Event
04h Send Message
05h Get Docking Station Information
09h Set Statically Allocated Resources
0Ah Get Statically Allocated Resources
0Bh Get APM 1.1 ID Table

40h Get ISA Configuration Structure
41h Get ESCD Information
42h Read ESCD Data Image
43h Write ESCD Data Image

PnP Run-Time Services

The following are the exit status codes for the PnP Runtime Services

PnP Runtime Service Exit Status Codes

AH 00h = No error
If Carry = 1:
AH 7Fh = Device not set st atically
81h = Unknown or invalid function
82h = Function not supported
83h = Handle for Device Node invalid or out of
range
84h = Bad resource descriptors
85h = Set Device Node function failed
86h = No events pending
87h = System currently not docked
88h = No ISA PnP cards installed
89h = Cannot determine docking station
capabilities
8Ah = Undocking failed: no battery
8Bh = Docking failed: conflict with
primary boot device
8Ch = Caller's memory buffer too small
8Dh = Use ESCD support function instead
8Eh = Send Message 04h function not supported
8Fh = Hardware error

To find the PnP entry points, search for the

structure by searching for the "$PnP" signature in system memory staring

Check

PnP BIOS Support Installation

from F0000h to FFFFFh at every 16-byte boundary. Check the validity of the
structure by adding the values of Length bytes, including the Checksum field,
into a 8-bit value. Zero indicates a valid checksum.

The following describes the support structure:

PnP Support Installation Check

Offset Size Description

00h 4 ASCII "$PnP" signature
04h 1 Version (10h)
05h 1 Length (21h)
06h 2 Control field
08h 1 Checksum
09h 4 Event-notification flag address
0Dh 2 Real Mode 16-bit offset to entry point
0Fh 2 Real Mode 16-bit code segment address
11h 2 16-bit Protected Mode offset to entry point
13h 4 16-bit Protected Mode code segment base
address
17h 4 OEM Device Identifier
1Bh 2 Real Mode 16-bit data segment address
1Dh 4 16-bit Protected Mode data segment base
address

Call each service by loading the function parameters on the stack and FAR
calling the appropriate entry point. The following are the Runtime Services of
PhoenixBIOS 4.0, in 'C' syntax.

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PnP Runtime-Service Function Parameters

00h Get Number of Device Nodes

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, NumNodes, NodeSize,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char FAR *NumNodes;
unsigned int FAR *NodeSize;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

01h Get System Device Node

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Node, devNodeBuffer,
Control, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char FAR *Node;
struc DEV_NODE FAR *devNodeBuffer;
unsigned int Control;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

02h Set System Device Node

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Node, devNodeBuffer,
Control, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char Node;
struc DEV_NODE FAR *devNodeBuffer;
unsigned int Control;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

03h Get Event

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Message, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned int FAR *Message;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

04h Send Message

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Message, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned int Message:
unsigned int BiosSelector;

05h Get Docking Station Information

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, DockingStationInfo,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char FAR *DockingStationInfo;
unsigned int BiosSelector;
Exit:
Docking station info buffer:
Offset 00h Docking station location identifier
Offset 04h Serial Number
Offset 08h Docking Capabilities:
Bits 2-1:
0 0 = Cold Docking
0 1 = Warm Docking
10 = Hot Docking
Bit 0:
0 = Surprise-style docking
1 = VCR-style docking

09h Set Statically Al located Resources

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Resource Block,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char F AR *ResourceBlock;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

Continued

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Technical Reference

PnP Run-Time Services, Continued

0Ah Get Statically Allocated Resources

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Resource Block,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char F AR *ResourceBlock;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

0Bh Get APM ID Table (For APM 1.1 only)

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, BufSize, APMIdTAble
BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned int FAR *BufSize;
unsigned char FAR *APMIdTable;
unsigned int BiosSelector;
Exit:
APM ID table:

Length Description

Dword Device identifier
Word APM 1.1 identifier

40h Get PnP ISA Configurat ion Structure

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, Configuration, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned char FAR *Configuration;
unsigned int BIOS Selector;
Exit:
PnP ISA Configuration structure:

Offset Description

00h Structure revision
01h Number of Card S el ect Numbers assigned
02h ISA Read Data port
04h Reserved

41h Get Extended Syst e m Confi guration Data (ES CD)

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, MinESCDWriteSize,
ESCDSize, NVSt orageBase, BiosSelector);
int Function;
unsigned int FAR *MinESCDWriteSize;
unsigned int FAR *ESCDSize;
unsigned long FAR *NVStorageBase;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

42h Read Extended System Configuration Data

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, ESCDBuffer, ESCDSelector,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
char FAR *ESCDBuffer;
unsigned int ESCDSelector;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

43h Write Extended S ystem Configuration Data (ESCD)

Entry:
int FAR (*entryPoint)(Function, ESCDBuffer, ESCDSelector,
BiosSelector);
int Function;
char FAR *ESCDBuffer;
unsigned int ESCDSelector;
unsigned int BiosSelector;

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The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

SMBIOS Services

The System Management BIOS (SMBIOS), one of the components of the
Desktop Management Interface (D MI), is a method for managing PCs in an
enterprise. Using
SMBIOS, a Manager of Information Systems can access up-to-date information
about the hardware and software installed on every computer on a network.

NOTE: For complete instructions on using these services, see the System
Management BIOS Reference Specification available at the Phoenix Web site:
http://www.phoenix.com/products/specs-smbios.pdf

For descriptions of the DMI architecture, see the Web site of the Desktop
Management Task Force at: http://www.dmtf.org

The SMBIOS Services are functions 50h through 5Fh o f the PnP Run Time
Services. See "PnP Run-Time Services" above for a description of how to find
the PnP entry points to these SMBIOS Services. The following are the SMBIOS
services supported in PhoenixBIOS 4.0:

50h Get SMBIOS Information
51h Get SMBIOS Structure
52h Set SMBIOS Structure
55h Get GPNV Information
56h Read GPNV Information
57h Write GPNV Data

SMBIOS Services

The following are the exit status codes for the SMBIOS Services:

SMBIOS Services Exit Status Codes

AX 00h = Function Completed Successfully
AX 81h = Unknown, or invalid, function number passed
82h = The function is not supported on this system
83h = SMBIOS Structure number/handle passed is
invalid or out of range.
84h = The function detected invalid parameter or, in
the case of a “Set SMBIOS Structure” request,
detected an invalid value for a to-b e-changed
structure field
85h = The SubFunction parameter supplied on a
SMBIOS control function is not supported by the
system BIOS.
86h = There are no changed SMBIOS structures
pending notification.
87h = Returned when there was insufficient storage
space to add the desired structure.
8Dh = A “Set SMBIOS Structure” request failed
because one or more of the to-be-changed
structur e fields are read-only.
90h = The GPNV functions do not support locking for
the speci fied GPNV handle.
91h = The GPNV lock request failed - the GPNV is
already locked.
92h = The caller has failed to present the predefined
GPNVLock val ue which is expected by the BIOS
for access of the GPNV area.

Call each service by loading the function parameters on the stack and FAR
calling the appropriate entry point. The following are the SMBIOS Services in
'C' syntax.

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SMBIIOS Function Parameters

50h Get SMBIOS Information

Entry:
short FAR (*entryPoint)(short Function,
unsigned char FAR *dmiBIOSRevision,
unsigned short FAR *NumStructures,
unsigned short FAR *StructureSize,
unsigned long FAR *dmiStorageBase,
unsigned short FAR *dmiStorageSize,
unsigned short *BiosSelector );

51h Get SMB IOS Structure

Entry:
short FAR (*entryPoint) (
short Function;
unsigned short FAR *Structure;
unsign ed char FAR *dmiStrucBuffer;
unsigned short dmiSelector;
unsigned short BiosSelector);

52h Set SMBIOS Structure

Entry:
short FAR (*entryPoint) (
short Function;
unsign ed char FAR *dmiDataBuffer,;
unsign ed char FAR *dmiWorkBuffer,
unsigned char Control,
unsigned short dmiSelector;
unsigned short BiosSelector);

55h Get General-Purpose NonVolatile Information

Entry:
short FAR (*entryPoint) (
short Function;
unsigned short FAR *Handle,
unsigned short FAR *MinGPNVRWSize,
unsigned short FAR *GPNVSize,
unsigned long FAR *NVStorageBase,
unsigned short BiosSelector);

56h Read General-Purpose NonVolatile Data

Entry:
short FAR (*entryPoint) (
short Function;
unsigned short Handle,
unsign ed char FAR *GPNVBuffer,
short FAR *GPNVLock,
unsigned short GPNVSel ector,
unsigned short BiosSelector);

57h Write General-Purpose NonVolatile Data

Entry:

short FAR (*entryPoint)(
short Function,
unsigned short Handle,
unsign ed char FAR *GPNVBuffer,
short GPNVLock,
unsigned short GPNVSel ector,
unsigned short BiosSelector );

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The Technical Reference PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

MultiBoot III Run-Time Services

An OS or application program can access the features of PhoenixBIOS
MultiBoot II during run-time by using the following MultiBoot III Run-Time
Services. You can use these services to query the number and type of Initial
Program Load (IPL) devices in the system or display an IPL device menu for
specifying the boot priority on the next system restart.

MultiBoot II Run-Time Services are extensions to the Plug and Play run-time
functions that implement the BIOS Boot Specification Ver. 1.01. You can access
this specification in Acrobat format from the Phoenix Web site at:

http://www.phoenix.com/desktop/bbs101.pdf

PnP functions 60h through 6Fh are reserved for the BIOS Bo ot Specification.
See Appendix C of the Plug and Play BIOS Specification mentioned above for
the details of the calling conventions. These functions are available in Real
Mode and 16-bit Protected Mode.

MultiBoot III Run-Time Services

60h Get Version and Installation Check

Entry:
short FAR (* entryPoint) (Function, Version, BiosSelector);
short Function;
unsigned short FAR *Version;
unsigned short BiosSelector;

61h Get Device Count

Entry:
short FAR (* entryPoint) (Function, Switch, Count,
MaxCount, StructSize, BiosSelector);
short Function;
short Switch;
unsigned short FAR *Count;
unsigned short FAR *MaxCount;
unsigned short FAR *StructSize;
unsigned short BiosSelector;

62h Get Priority and Table

Entry:
short FAR (* entryPoint) (Function, Switch, Priority, Table,
BiosSelector);
short Function;
short Switch;
unsigned char FAR *Priority;
unsigned char FAR *Table;
unsigned short BiosSelector;

63h Set Priority

Entry:
short FAR (* entryPoint) (Function, Switch, Priority,
BiosSelector);
short Function;
short Switch;
unsigned byte FAR *Priority;
unsigned short BiosSelector;

64h Get IPL Device from Last Boot

Entry:
short FAR (* entryPoint) (Function, IPLEntry, BiosSelector);
short Function;
unsigned short FAR *IPLEntry;
unsigned short BiosSelector;

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PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual The Technical Reference

BIOS Data Area

The BIOS keeps information about the current operating environment of the AT
system in the BIOS Data Area. The normal way to access this information is by
means of the BIOS Services, described above. The BIOS Data Area is located
from physical address 400h to 501h.

BIOS Data Area Description

Offset Size Description

00 2 Com1 address
02 2 Com2 address
04 2 Com3 address
06 2 Com4 address
08 2 Lpt1 address
0A 2 Lpt2 address
0C 2 Lpt3 address
0E 2 LPT4/EBDA address*
10 2 Equipment installed:

Bit Definition

0 Floppy diskette available for boot ("IPL bit")
1 Math coprocessor installed
2 PS/2 mouse installed
3 Not used
4,5 Initial video mode:
00 = EGA/V GA
01 = 40x25 CGA
10 = 80x25 CGA
11 = Monochrome
6,7 Diskette drives:
00 = 1 drive
01 = 2 drives
10 = 3 drives
11 = 4 drives
8 Not used
9-11 Number of serial adapters
12 Game Adapter installed
13 Not used
14,15 Number of parallel adapters

Offset Size Description

12 1 Interrupt flag (POST)
13 2 Memory size (K bytes)
15 1 Reserved
16 1 Control flag

Keyboard Data Area
Offset Size Description

17 1 Keyboard flag 0:
Bit Definition
0 Right shift key pressed
1 Left shift key pressed
2 Control key pressed
3 Alt key pressed
4 Scroll lock on
5 Num lock on
6 Caps lock on
7 Insert mode on
18 1 Keyboard flag 1:
Bit Definition
3 Freeze state
4 Scroll lock pressed
5 Num lock pressed
6 Caps lock pressed
7 Insert mode pressed
19 1 Keypad input byte
1A 2 Key buffer head
1C 2 Key buffer tail
1E 20 Key buffer

Continued

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BIOS Data Area, Continued

Diskette Data Area

3E 1 Seek/recalibrate status
3F 1 Drive motor status
40 1 Motor on time
41 1 Diskette status:

Bit Definition

7 1 = Drive not ready
6 1 = Seek error occurred
5 1 = Diskette controller failed
4-0 Error codes:
01h = Illegal function request
02h = Address mark not found
03h = Write protected error
04h = Sector not found
06h = Diskette change line active
08h = DMA overrun on operation
09h = Data-boundary error (64k)
0Ch = Media type not found
10h = Uncorrectable ECC or CRC error
20h = General controller failure
40h = Seek operation failed
80h = Device did not respond
42 7 Controller status

Video Data Area
Offset Size Description

49 1 Video mode
4A 2 Video columns
4C 2 Video length
4E 2 Video start
50 10 Cursor locations
60 2 Cursor size
62 1 Active page
63 2 6845 address
65 1 Mode register value
66 1 Video palette

Extended Work Area

67 4 ROM check address
6B 1 CPU rate control

Timer Data Area

6C 2 Timer count low word
6E 2 Timer count high word
70 1 Timer overflow byte

System Data Area

71 1 Break pressed flag
72 2 Soft reset flag

Fixed Disk Data Area

74 1 Fdisk status
75 1 Number of fixed disks
76 1 Fixed disk control
77 1 Reserved

Serial and Parallel Timeout Counters

78 4 Lpt1-4 time-out values
7C 4 Com1-4 time-out values

Extended Ke yboard Data Area

80 2 Key buffer start
82 2 Key buffer end

EGA/VGA Data Area

84 1 Number of video rows
85 2 Bytes per character
87 1 EGA Status A
88 1 EGA Status B
89 1 VGA Status A
8A 1 Display Combination Code index

Extended Diskette Area

8B 1 Last diskette data rate

Continued

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BIOS Data Area, Continued

Extended Fixed Disk Area

8C 1 FDisk status
8D 1 FDisk error value
8E 1 FDisk interrupt flag

Additional Extended Diskette Area
Offset Size Description

8F 1 Floppy info nibbles
90 4 Floppy state information
94 2 Floppy cylinder number

Additional Extended Keyboard Data Area

96 1 Keyboard control
97 1 Keyboard flag 2:

0 Scroll LED on
1 Num lock LED on
2 Caps lock LED on
4 Ack code received
5 Resend received
6 LED being updated
7 Keyboard error

Real Time Clock Area
Offset Size Description

98 4 RTC user flag
9C 2 RTC time low word
9E 2 RTC time high word
A0 1 RTC wait flag

Network Data Area

A1 7 Network work are a

Extended EGA/VGA Data Area

A8 4 EGA/VGA environment pointe r

Miscellaneous

AC-FF Reserved
100 1 Print screen flag

Bit Definition

* If the BIOS supports the Extended BIOS Data Area, it uses the LPT4 address
in the BIOS data area (Offset 0E) for the Extended BIOS Data Area segment.

Extended BIOS Data Area

The Extended BIOS Data Area (EBDA), located in the top 1k of system RAM,
contains information about the po i nting device (PS/2 mouse).

INT 15h AH = C1h returns the segment starting address of this table.

Offset Size Description

00h 1 Size of EBDA in kbytes
01h 33 Reserved
21h 4 Pointer to device routine
25h 1 First byte of pointer information:
Bit Definition
4 Pointer error
5 Pointer acknowledge
6 Resend request
7 Command in progress
26h 1 Second byte of pointer information
Bit Definition
6 Enable pointer device
7 Pointer external device
27h 2 Pointer data package

Extended BIOS Data Area

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Interrupt Vectors

The following table describes the AT system interrupt vectors. Status indicates
whether the BIOS supports the interrupt.

INT Description Status

00 Divide by zero Not Supported
01 Single step Not Supported
02 Non-Maskable interrupt Supported
03 Breakpoint Not Supported
04 Overflow Not Supported
05 Print Screen Interrupt Supported
06 286 LoadAll Handler Supported
07 Reserved Not Supported
08 IRQ0 - System Timer Interrupt Supported
09 IRQ1 - Keyboard Interrupt Supported
0A IRQ2 - Reserved Not Supported
0B IRQ3 - COM2: Interrupt Supported
0C IRQ4 - COM1: Interrupt Supported
0D IRQ5 - LPT2: Interrupt Supported
0E IRQ6 - Floppy Disk Interrupt Supported
0F IRQ7 - LPT1: Interrupt Supported
10 BIOS Video Interface Supported
11 BIOS Equipment Check Supported
12 BIOS Memory Request Supported
13 BIOS Fixed Disk/Diskette Interface Supported
14 BIOS Serial Interface Supported
15 BIOS System Functions Interface Supported
16 BIOS Keyboard Interface Supported
17 BIOS Parallel Printer Interface Supported
18 BIOS Secondary Boot Request Supported
19 BIOS Primary Boot Request Supported
1A BIOS System Timer Interface Supported
1B BIOS Control Break Interrupt Supported
1C BIOS User System Timer Interrupt Supported
1D BIOS Video Init Parameters Supported
1E BIOS Diskette Parameters Supported
1F BIOS Video Graphic Characters Supported
40 BIOS Diskette (when fixed disk present) Supported
41 BIOS Fixed disk 0 parameters Supported
46 BIOS Fixed disk 1 parameters Supported
70 IRQ8 - Real time clock interrupt Supported
71 IRQ9 - IRQ2 redirection Supported
72 IRQ10 - Reserved Not Supported
73 IRQ11 - Reserved Not Supported
74 IRQ12 - Available/PS/2 Mouse Supported
75 IRQ13 - Math coprocessor Supported
76 IRQ14 - Primary IDE HDD Supported
77 IRQ15 - Available/Secondary IDE HDD Supported

Page 80 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

I

ndex

<Esc>, 26
<F1>, 25
<F2>, 25, 26
<F2> function key, 34
<F3>, 25
16-bit interface connect, 56
32-Bit I/O, 6
32-bit interface connect, 57
active page, 41
adapter

disk, 5
adapter ROM, 32, 33
Advanced Chipset Control, 13
Advanced Po wer Management. See APM
alarm, 68
ALE, 13
APM, 53

BIOS services, 56, 58

CPU busy, 57

CPU Idle, 57

driver version, 58

enable/disable power management, 58

Enable/disable power management, 57

engage/disengage power management, 59

Get PM Event, 58

Get Power State, 58

Get Power Status, 58

Installation Check, 56

Interface Connect, 56

Protected-mode 16-bit interface connect, 56

Protected-mode 32-bit interface connect, 57

Restore Power_On Defaults, 57

Set Power State, 57
Autotype, 6
Basic Input and Output System, 31
BDA, 77
beep code, 34
Big Memory, 53, 59
BIOS, 31

data area, 73–77

service, 32

services, 39

test points, 35
BIOS.ROM, 28
BIOS32 Service Directory, 39
Boot First Menu, 26, 27
boot options, 9
bootable CD ROM, 50
cache, 7, 24
cassette, 54
CD ROM, 50

Command Packet, 51

Specification Packet, 50
check points, POST, 34, 35

chipset, 13, 16
clock, 68
CMOS, 21

error, 24

save Setup values, 21
Code Read Page Mode, 14
color, 42

palette, 42

COM port

communications services, 49–52, 49–52
CPU speed keys, 34
CRISDISK, 28
CRISDISK.BAT, 28, 29
CRISDISK.ZIP, 28
Crisis disk, 28
Crisis Recovery Diskette, 28
CrisisRecovery disk, 30
cursor

cursor, 3
cylinder, fixed disk, 33
date, 4
Desktop Management Interface, 74
device busy, 55
Device Node, 72
Direct Memory Access, 24
disk

diskette, 4

diskette and fixed-disk systems, 46
DMA, 24
DMI, 74
Docking Station, 72
drive

EBDA, 79
EDD services, 49
EISA

Enhanced Disk Drive services, 49
Enhanced Parallel Printer, 64
EPP, 64
equipment information, 43
error, 34

, 16

position, 41

adapter, 5

cylinder, 47

sector, 47

status, 46

controller

sectors, 44

services, 43–45

status, 44

type, 44, 45

parameter, 45, 48

type, 45

services, 61

address conflict, 24

, 16

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Index PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

diskette, 43
fixed disk, 46
keyboard, 55–64
port 80h codes, 35

serial service, 49–52, 49–52
ESCD, 12, 73
exit menu, 21
exit status codes, 39

Int 13 Diskette, 43

Int 14h general PCI, 68

Int 15 EISA, 61

Int17h EPP, 65

PnP Runtime Services, 71

SMBIOS 2.2 Services, 74
Extended BIOS Data Area, 55, 79
extended memory, 4, 59

move block, 55

size, 55
Extended System Configurat i on Data, 73
Fast PIO, 6
fixed disk

diagnostic, 48

drive type, 33

error codes, 46

extended services, 49

recalibrate, 48

services, 46–48, 46, 48

tables, 33
Flash ROM, 28
floppy drive. See diskette
floppy seek, 9
format diskette track, 45
Full On, 19
function keys, 34
Get Drive Parameters, 49
graphics, 4 2
hard disk. See fixed disk
hardware

requirements, 32
head, fixed disk, 33
help window, 4
I/O

device error, 24
IDE disk adapters, 5
initialize

PS/2 mouse, 60
Initialize Serial Adapter, 52
Int 10h video services, 41
Int 11h return system info, 43
Int 12h return memory size, 43
Int 13h

bootable CD ROM, 50

diskette services, 43–45

Extended Fixed Disk Services, 49

fixed disk services, 46–48
Int 14h serial services, 49–52
Int 15h

APM services, 56

Big Memory services., 59

EISA services

, 61
PS/2 mouse services, 60
system services, 53

Int 15h services, 79
Int 16h keyboard services, 55–64
Int 17h

EPP services, 64

Int 17h parallel printer services, 64–66
Int 1Ah

PCI services, 68
time of day services, 68

interrupt

non-maskable, 80
table, 39
vector, 80

joystick, 53

support, 54

key click, 10
key repeat, 10
keyboard

error, 55–64
servicesInt16H, 63

landing zone, 5, 33
Large Disk Mode, 12
legend bar, 3

LPT port

, 16
MAKEBOOT.EXE, 28
master drive, 5
math coprocessor, 77
media

change, 45
type for format, 45

memor y, 4

extended, 53
refresh, 13, 14

system, 43
menu bar, 3
MINIDOS.SYS, 28, 29
MultiBoot, 26
MultiBoot II

Run-Time Services, 76
MultiBoot II Run-Time Services, 76
multi-Sector Transfers, 6
multi-tasking services, 53

NMI

, 24
Non-Maskable Interrupt, 24
numlock, 10
NVRAM

error, 24

OEM

screen, 26
Operating System, 32
option ROM, 32

QuietBoot, 27
Option ROM, 25
palette, 42
parallel printer services, 64–66

Page 82 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.

PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual Index

parity check, 13

Parity Check

, 24
password, 18
PCI, 14, 15

devices menu, 15
PCI services, 68
Peripheral Component Interconnect, 15
Phlash, 28
PHLASH.EXE, 28
PLATFORM.BIN, 28
PnP

BIOS support installation check, 71

Runtime Services, 71, 72, 74
pointer device services, 60
port 80h codes, 35
POST, 32

<ESC>, 26

<F2>, 26

error, 34

option ROM, 27

terminal error, 34

test points, 34
Power Management, 19
Power On Self Test, 32
Printer, 64
Program termination, 54
protected mode, 55, 56
PS/2 Mouse, 12, 24
PS/2 mouse support, 60
QuietBoot, 26
QuietBoot, 26

RAM

, 32

extended

, 24

read

character, 41

device type, 60

drive parameters, 45

drive type, 48

ESCD, 73

graphics pixel, 42

modem control register, 53
real time clock, 68
Receive character, 52
requirements

option ROM, 32

system board, 32
Reset diskette system, 44
ROM

BIOS, 31

default values, 21
RTC, 79
Runtime Services, 71, 72
scroll page, 41
sector, 47
sectors, fixed disk, 33
security, 18
Send character, 52
serial port status, 52

serial services, 49–52, 49–52
service entry point, 39
set

cursor, 41
video mode, 41

Setup, 25

get CMOS values, 22
get ROM defaults, 21
help window, 4
Main Menu, 2
MultiBoot, 26
QuietBoot, 26
save values to CMOS, 21

start, 7
shadow, 8, 24, 25
slave drive, 5
SMART, 6, 12
SMBIOS 2.2 Services, 75
Snoop Ahead, 14
software interrupts, 39
Standby, 19
sub menu, 3
summary screen, 9
Suspend, 19
system

information, 43

memor y map, 59

memor y size, 43

parameters, 55

services, 53
Teletype, 42
terminal error, 34
test points, 35
time-of-day, 4

services, 68
troubleshooting, 35
typematic rate, 63

UMB

, 25
UMB recovery, 25
Upper Memory Blocks, 25
verify

diskette sectors, 44
VGA error, 34
VGABIOS.EXE, 29
video

parameter, 42

services, 41
wait, 54
wait state, 13, 23
write, 42

buffer, 14

character, 42

cycle, 14

diskette sectors, 44

ESCD, 73

graphics pixel, 42

modem control register, 53

page mode, 14

Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Page 83

Index PhoenixBIOS 4.0 User's Manual

pixel, 42
precomp, 6, 33
string, 42
teletype, 42

Page 84 Phoenix Technologies Ltd.