(CCC), plus white point and black level offset
adjustment
• Blue stretch circuit which offsets colours near white
towards blue
• Internal clock generation for the deflection processing,
which is synchronized by a 12 MHz ceramic resonator
oscillator
• Horizontal synchronization with two control loops and
alignment-free horizontal oscillator
• Slow start and slow stop of the horizontal drive pulses
• Low-power start-up option for the horizontal drive circuit
• Vertical count-down circuit
• Vertical driver optimized for DC-coupled vertical output
stages
• Vertical and horizontal geometry processing
• Horizontal and vertical zoom possibility and vertical
scroll function for application with 16 : 9 picture tubes
• Horizontal parallelogram and bow correction
• I2C-bus control of various functions
• Low dissipation.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The TDA933xH series are display processors for
‘High-end’ television receivers which contain the following
functions:
• RGB control processor with Y, U and V inputs, a linear
• Programmable deflection processor with internal clock
• Thecircuitcan be used in both singlescan(50 or 60 Hz)
In addition to these functions, the TDA9331H and
TDA9332H have a multi-sync function for the horizontal
PLL, with a frequencyrange from 30 to 50 kHz(2fHmode)
or 15 to 25 kHz (1fHmode), so that the ICs can also be
used to display SVGA signals.
The supply voltage of the ICs is 8 V. They are each
contained in a 44-pin QFP package.
TDA933xH series
RGBinput for SCART orVGA signals with fastblanking,
a linear RGB input for OSD and text signals with a fast
blanking or blending option and an RGB output stage
withblack current stabilization, which isrealizedwith the
CCC (2-point black current measurement) system.
generation, which generates the drive signals for the
horizontal, East-West (E-W) and vertical deflection.
The circuithasvariousfeaturesthatareattractiveforthe
application of 16 : 9 picture tubes.
C-bus controlled
TDA9331Hyesproportional to VGA frequency
TDA9332HyesI
2
C-bus controlled
QUICK REFERENCE DATA
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
Supply
V
P
I
P
supply voltage−8.0−V
supply current (VP1plus VP2)−50−mA
Input voltages
V
i(Y)(b-w)
V
i(U)(p-p)
V
i(V)(p-p)
V
i(RGB)(b-w)
V
i(Hsync)
V
i(Vsync)
V
i(IIC)
luminance input signal (black-to-white value)−1.0/0.315−V
U input signal (peak-to-peak value)−1.33−V
V input signal (peak-to-peak value)−1.05−V
RGB input signal (black-to-white value)−0.7−V
horizontal sync input (HD)−TTL−V
vertical sync input (VD)−TTL−V
I2C-bus inputs (SDA and SCL)−CMOS 5 V −V
Output signals
V
o(RGB)(b-w)
I
o(hor)
I
o(ver)(p-p)
I
o(EW)
RGB output signal amplitude (black-to-whitevalue)−2.0−V
horizontal output current−−10mA
vertical output current (peak-to-peak value)−0.95−mA
E-W drive output current−−1.2mA
2000 May 083
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
BLOCK DIAGRAM
BCL
431125
CALIBRATION
LIMITER
CURRENT
FBCSO
PWL
BL2GI2RI2
BI2
29
34
38373635
BO
GO
RO
404142
AND
BUFFER
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
BLUE STRETCH
R
B
white
BRI
AND
CONTROL
BRIGHTNESS
WHITE POINT
R
GG
B
RGB
INSERTION
point
PWL
BLKIN
44
CATHODE
CONTINUOUS
AND
BEAM
DACOUT
SCL
10
SDA
C-BUS
2
I
TRANSCEIVER
2 × 4-BIT DACs
19 × 6-BIT DACs
H/V DIVIDER
TDA933xH series
E-W
GEOMETRY
GEOMETRY CONTROL
VERTICAL
GEOMETRY
RAMP
GENERATOR
MGR445
3
VDOBEWOEHTIN
124
VDOA
ref
1516
VSCI
handbook, full pagewidth
BL1
33
RGB
CONTROL
CONTRAST
RGB
MATRIX
COLOUR
CONTROL
DIFFERENCE
SATURATION
Y
U
V
SWITCH
282726
YIN
VIN
UIN
CONTR
SAT
UV
Y
303132
BLACK
RGB-YUV
RI1
GI1
TDA933xH
STRETCH
MATRIX
39
P2
V
BI1
LPSU
HOUT
SOFT
START-UP
START/STOP
LOW-POWER
H-SHIFT
SUPPLY
7
18619
17
P1
VD
BG
V
DEC
DEC
GND1
GND2
23
D
V
OUTPUT
HORIZONTAL
LOOP
PHASE-2
AND
CLOCK
GENERATION
24
D
H
12
1st LOOP
HSEL
589
FLASH
HFB
SCO
21131422
XTALO
20
XTALI
DPC
Fig.1 Block diagram.
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2000 May 084
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
PINNING
SYMBOLPINDESCRIPTION
VDOA1vertical drive output A
VDOB2vertical drive output B
EWO3E-W output
EHTIN4EHT compensation input
FLASH5flash detection input
GND16ground 1
DEC
VD
HOUT8horizontal output
SCO9sandcastle pulse output
SCL10serial clock input
SDA11serial data input/output
HSEL12selection of horizontal frequency
HFB13horizontal flyback pulse input
DPC14dynamic phase compensation
VSC15vertical sawtooth capacitor
I
ref
V
P1
DEC
BG
GND219ground 2
XTALI20crystal input
XTALO21crystal output
LPSU22low-power start-up supply
V
D
H
D
DACOUT25DAC output
VIN26V-signal input
UIN27U-signal input
YIN28luminance input
FBCSO29fixed beam current switch-off input
RI130red 1 input for insertion
GI131green 1 input for insertion
BI132blue 1 input for insertion
BL133fast blanking input for RGB-1
PWL34peak white limiting decoupling
RI235red 2 input for insertion
GI236green 2 input for insertion
BI237blue 2 input for insertion
BL238fast blanking/blending input for RGB-2
V
P2
RO40red output
7digital supply decoupling
16reference current input
17positive supply 1 (+8 V)
18band gap decoupling
23vertical sync input
24horizontal sync input
39positive supply 2 (+8 V)
TDA933xH series
2000 May 085
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
SYMBOLPINDESCRIPTION
GO41green output
BO42blue output
BCL43beam current limiting input
BLKIN44black current input
handbook, full pagewidth
VDOA
VDOB
EWO
EHTIN
FLASH
GND1
DEC
HOUT
SCO
SCL
SDA
VD
BO
BCL
43
GO
42
41
BLKIN
44
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
P2
RO
V
40
39
TDA933xH
BL2
38
BI2
37
GI2
36
RI2
35
PWL
34
TDA933xH series
33
BL1
BI1
32
31
GI1
30
RI1
FBCSO
29
28
YIN
UIN
27
VIN
26
DACOUT
25
H
24
D
V
23
D
12
13
14
15
16
ref
I
VSC
DPC
HFB
HSEL
Fig.2 Pin configuration.
2000 May 086
21
17
18
19
P1
BG
V
GND2
DEC
20
XTALI
22
LPSU
XTALO
MGR446
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
RGB control circuit
INPUT SIGNALS
The RGB control circuit of the TDA933xH contains three
sets of input signals:
• YUV input signals, which are supplied by the input
processor or the feature box. Bit GAI can be used to
switch the luminance input signal sensitivity between
0.45 V (p-p) and 1.0 V (b-w). The nominal input signals
for U and V are 1.33 V (p-p) and 1.05 V (p-p),
respectively. These input signals are controlled on
contrast, saturation and brightness.
• The first RGB input is intended for external signals
(SCARTin 1fHandVGA in 2fHapplications),which have
an amplitude of 0.7 V (p-p) typical. This input is also
controlled on contrast, saturation and brightness.
• The second RGB input is intended for OSD and teletext
signals. The required input signals havean amplitude of
0.7 V (p-p). The switching between the internal signal
and the OSD signal can be realized via a blending
function or via fast blanking. This input is only controlled
on brightness.
Switchingbetween the various sources canberealized via
the I2C-bus and by fast insertion switches. The fast
insertion switches can be enabled via the I2C-bus.
The circuit contains switchable matrix circuits for the
colour difference signals so that the colour reproduction
can be adapted for PAL/SECAM and NTSC. For NTSC,
two different matrices can be chosen. In addition, a matrix
for high-definition ATSC signals is available.
OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
The output signal has an amplitude of approximately
2 V (b-w) at nominal input signals and nominal settings of
the controls. The required ‘white point setting’ of the
picture tube can be realized by means of three separate
gain settings for the RGB channels.
To obtain an accurate biasing of the picture tube, a CCC
circuit has been developed. This function is realized by a
2-point black level stabilization circuit.
Byinsertingtwotestlevelsforeachgunandcomparing the
resulting cathode currents with two different reference
currents,the influence of thepicture tube parameters such
as the spread in cut-off voltage can be eliminated.
TDA933xH series
This 2-point stabilization is based on the principle that the
ratio between the cathode currents is coupled to the ratio
γ
k1
k2
=
V
dr1
-----------
V
dr1
between the drive voltages according to:
I
------ I
The feedback loop makes the ratio between cathode
currents I
and Ik2 equal to the ratio between the
k1
reference currents (which are internally fixed)by changing
the (black) level and the amplitude of the RGB output
signals via two converging loops. The system operates in
such a way that the black level of the drive signal is
controlled to thecut-off point of the gun. In this way, a very
good grey scale tracking is obtained. The accuracy of the
adjustmentof the black level isonly dependent on the ratio
ofinternalcurrents and these can be madeveryaccurately
in integrated circuits. An additional advantage of the
2-point measurement is that the control system makes the
absolute value of Ik1 and Ik2 identical to the internal
reference currents. Because this adjustment is obtained
by adapting the gain of the RGB control stage, this control
stabilizes the gain of the complete channel (RGB output
stage and cathode characteristic). As a result, this 2-point
loop compensates for variations in the gain figures during
life.
An important property ofthe 2-point stabilizationis that the
offset and the gain of the RGB path are adjusted by the
feedback loop. Hence, the maximum drive voltage for the
cathode is fixed by the relationship between the test
pulses, the reference current and the relative gain setting
of the three channels. Consequently, the drive level of the
CRT cannot be adjusted by adapting the gain of the RGB
output stage. Because different picture tubes may require
different drive levels, the typical ‘cathode drive level’
amplitudecan be adjusted bymeans of an I2C-bussetting.
Depending on the selected cathode drive level, the typical
gain of the RGB output stages can be fixed, taking into
account the drive capability of the RGB outputs
(pins 40 to 42). More details about the design are given in
the application report (see also Chapter “Characteristics”;
note 11).
The measurement of the high and the low currents of the
2-point stabilization circuit isperformed in two consecutive
fields. The leakage current is measured in each field. The
maximum allowable leakage current is 100 µA.
For extra flexibility, it also possible to switch the CCC
circuit to 1-point stabilization with the OPC bit. In this
mode, only the blacklevel at theRGB outputs is controlled
by the loop. The cathode drive level setting has no
influence on the gain in thismode. This level should be set
to the nominal value to get the correct amplitude of the
measuring pulses.
2000 May 087
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
Via the I2C-bus, an adjustable offset can be made on the
black level of red and green channels with respect to the
level that is generated by the black current control loop.
These controls can be used to adjust the colour
temperature of the dark part of the picture, independent of
the white point adjustment.
When the TV receiver is switched on, the black current
stabilization circuit is directly activated and the RGB
outputs are blanked. The blanking is switched off as soon
as the loop has stabilized (e.g. the first time that bit BCF
changes from 1 to 0, see also Chapter “Characteristics”;
note 15). This ensures that the switch-on time is reduced
to a minimum and is only dependent on the warm-up time
of the picture tube.
The black current stabilization system checks the output
levelof the three channels andindicateswhether the black
level of the lowest RGB output of the IC is in a certain
window (WBC bit), below or above this window (HBC bit).
This indication can be read from the I2C-bus and can be
used for automatic adjustment of voltage Vg2 during the
production of the TV receiver.
TDA933xH series
Synchronization and deflection processing
HORIZONTAL SYNCHRONIZATION AND DRIVE CIRCUIT
The horizontal drive signal is obtained from an internal
VCO which runs at a frequency of 440 times (2fHmode) or
880 times (1fHmode) the frequency of the incoming H
signal. The free-running frequency of this VCO is
calibrated by a crystal oscillator which needs an external
12 MHz crystal or ceramic resonator as a reference. It is
also possible to supply an external reference signal to the
IC (in this case, the external resonator should be
removed).
The VCO is synchronized to the incoming horizontal H
pulse (applied from the feature box or the input processor)
by a PLL with an internal time constant. The frequency of
thehorizontaldrive signal (1fHor2fH)isselected by means
of a switching pin, which must be connected to ground or
left open circuit.
For HDTV applications, it is possible to change the
free-running frequency of the horizontal drive output from
31.2 kHz to 33.7 kHz by means of bit HDTV.
D
D
When a failure occurs in theblack current loop (e.g. due to
an open circuit), statusbit BCF is set.This information can
be used to blank the picture tube to avoid damage to the
screen.
The control circuit contains an average beam current
limiting circuit and a peak white level (PWL) circuit. The
PWL detects small white areas in the picture that are not
detected by the average beam current limiter. The PWL
can be adjusted via the I2C-bus. A low-pass filter is placed
in front of the peak detector to prevent it from reacting to
short transients in the video signal. The capacitor of the
low-pass filter is connected externally so that the set
maker can adapt the time constant as required. The IC
also contains a soft clipper that limits the amplitude of the
shorttransientsintheRGBoutputsignals.Inthisway,spot
blooming on, for instance, subtitles is prevented. The
differencebetween the PWL and thesoftclipping level can
be adjusted via the I2C-bus in a few steps.
The vertical blanking is adapted to the vertical frequency
of the incoming signal (50 or 100 Hz or, 60 or 120 Hz).
When the flyback time of the vertical output stage is
greater than the 60 Hz blanking time, the blanking can be
increased to the same value as that of the 50 Hz blanking.
This can be set by means of bit LBM.
When no video is available, it is possible to insert a blue
background. This feature can be activated via bit EBB.
For safety reasons, switching between 1fH and 2f
modes is only possible when the IC is in the standby
mode.
For the TDA9331H and TDA9332H, it is also possible to
set the horizontal PLL to a ‘multi-sync’ mode by means of
bit VGA. In this mode, the circuit detects the frequency of
theincomingsyncpulses and adjusts the centre frequency
of the VCO accordingly by means of an internal
Digital-to-Analog-Converter (DAC). The frequency range
in this mode is 30 to 50 kHz at the output.
The polarities of the incoming HD and VD pulses are
detected internally. The detected polarity can be read out
via status bits HPOL and VPOL.
The horizontal drive signal is generated by a second
control loop which compares the phase of the reference
signal (applied from the internal VCO) with the flyback
pulse. The time constant of this loop is set internally. The
IC has a dynamic horizontal phase correction input, which
can be used to compensate phase shifts that are caused
by beam current variations. Additional settings of the
horizontal deflection (which are realized via the second
loop) are the horizontal shift and horizontal parallelogram
and bow corrections (see Chapter “Characteristics”;
Fig.16). The adjustments are realized via the I2C-bus.
When no horizontal flyback pulse is detected during three
consecutive line periods, status bit NHF is set (output
status byte 01-D3; see Table 3).
H
2000 May 088
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
The horizontal drive signal is switched on and off via the
so-called slow-start/slow-stop procedure. This function is
realizedby varying the tonof the horizontal drive pulse. For
EHT generators without a bleeder, the IC can be set to a
‘fixed beam current mode’ via bit FBC. In this case, the
picture tube capacitance is discharged with a current of
approximately 1 mA. The magnitude of the discharge
current is controlled via the black current feedback loop.
If necessary, the discharge current can be enlarged with
the aid of an external currentdivision circuit. With the fixed
beam current option activated, it is still possible to have a
black screen during switch-off. This can be realized by
placing the vertical deflectionin an overscan position. This
mode is activated via bit OSO.
An additional mode of the IC is the ‘low-power start-up’
mode.This mode is activated when asupplyvoltageof 5 V
is supplied to the start-up pin.
The required current for this mode is 3 mA (typ.). In this
condition, the horizontal drive signal has the nominal t
and the ton grows gradually from zero to approximately
30% of the nominal value. This results in a line frequency
of approximately 50 kHz (2fH) or 25 kHz (1fH). The output
signal remains unchanged until the main supply voltage is
switched on and the I2C-bus data has been received. The
horizontal drive then gradually changes to the nominal
frequency and duty cycle via the slow-start procedure.
TheICcanonlybeswitched on and to standby mode when
both standby bits (STB0 and STB1) are changed. The
circuit will not react when only one bit changes polarity.
The IC has a general purpose bus controlled DAC output
with a 6-bit resolution and with an output voltage range
between 0.2 to 4 V. In the TDA9331H, the DC voltage on
this output is proportional to the horizontal line frequency
(only in VGA mode). This voltage can be used to control
the supply voltage of the horizontal deflection stage, to
maintain constant picture width for higher line frequencies.
VERTICAL DEFLECTION AND GEOMETRY CONTROL
The drive signals for the vertical and E-W deflection
circuits are generated by a vertical divider, which derives
its clock signal from the line oscillator. The divider is
synchronized by the incoming VDpulse, generated by the
input processor or the feature box. The vertical ramp
generator requires an external resistor and capacitor; the
tolerances for these components must be small. In the
normal mode, the vertical deflection operates in constant
slope and adapts its amplitude, depending on the
frequency of the incoming signal (50 or 60 Hz, or
100 or 120 Hz). When the TDA933xH is switched to the
VGA mode, the amplitude of the vertical scan is stabilized
off
TDA933xH series
andindependent of the incomingvertical frequency. In this
mode, the E-W drive amplitude is proportional to the
horizontalfrequency so that the correctiononthe screen is
not affected.
The vertical drive is realized by a differential output
current. The outputs must be DC-coupled to the vertical
output stage (e.g. TDA8354).
The vertical geometry can be adjusted via the I2C-bus.
Controls are possible for the following parameters:
• Vertical amplitude
• S-correction
• Vertical slope
• Vertical shift (only for compensation of offsets in output
stage or picture tube)
• Vertical zoom
• Verticalscroll (shifting the picture inthevertical direction
when the vertical scan is expanded)
• Vertical wait, an adjustable delay for the start of the
vertical scan.
Withregardtothevertical wait, the following conditions are
valid:
• In the 1fHTV mode, the start of the vertical scan is fixed
and cannot be adjusted with the vertical wait
• In the 2fH TV mode, the start of the vertical scan
depends on the value of the Vertical Scan Reference
(VSR) bus bit. If VSR = 0, the start of the vertical scan is
related to the end of the incoming VDpulse. If VSR = 1,
it is related to the start. In both cases, the start of the
scan can be adjusted with the vertical wait setting
• In the multi-sync mode (TDA9331H and TDA9332H
both in 1fHmode and 2fHmode), the start of the vertical
scan is related to the start of the incoming VDpulse and
can be adjusted with the vertical wait setting.
The minimum value for the vertical wait setting is 8 line
periods. If the setting is lower than 8, the wait period will
remain at 8 line periods.
The E-W drive circuit has a single-ended output. The E-W
geometry can be adjusted on the following parameters:
• Horizontal width with increased range because of the
‘zoom’ feature
• E-W parabola/width ratio
• E-W upper corner/parabola ratio
• E-W lower corner/parabola ratio
• E-W trapezium.
2000 May 089
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
The IC has an EHT compensation input which controls
both the vertical and the E-W output signals. The relative
control effect on both outputs can be adjusted via the
I2C-bus (sensitivity of vertical correction is fixed; E-W
correction variable).
Toavoiddamagetothe picture tube in the event of missing
or malfunctioning vertical deflection, a vertical guard
function is available at the sandcastle pin (pin SCO). The
vertical guard pulse from the vertical output stage
(TDA835x) should be connected to the sandcastle pin,
which acts as a current sense input. If the guard pulse is
missing or lasts too long, bit NDF is set in the status
register and the RGB outputs are blanked. If the guard
function is disabled via bit EVG, only NDF status bit NHF
is set.
TheICalsohasinputsforflashandovervoltageprotection.
More details about these functions are given in Chapter
“Characteristics”; note 43.
TDA933xH series
2
C-BUS SPECIFICATION
I
The slave address of the IC is given in Table 1. The circuit
operates up to clock frequencies of 400 kHz. Valid
subaddresses: 00 to 1F, subaddress FE is reserved for
test purposes. The auto-increment mode is available for
subaddresses.
ESS
Vertical deflection04OPCVFFLBMDIPOSOSVFEVGDL
Brightness0500A5A4A3A2A1A0
Saturation0600A5A4A3A2A1A0
Contrast0700A5A4A3A2A1A0
White point R0800A5A4A3A2A1A0
White point G0900A5A4A3A2A1A0
White point B0A00A5A4A3A2A1A0
Peak white limiting0B00SC1SC0A3A2A1A0
Horizontal shift0C00A5A4A3A2A1A0
Horizontal parallelogram
1. The given values are valid for the following conditions:
a) Nominal CVBS input signal.
b) Settings for contrast and white point nominal.
c) Black and blue stretch switched off.
d) Gain of output stage such that no clipping occurs.
e) Beam current limiting not active.
f) Gamma of picture tube is 2.25.
g) The tolerance on these values is approximately
thermal resistance from junction to ambient in free air60K/W
Latch-up performance
“SNW-FQ-611E-part E”
.
At an ambient temperature of 50 °C all pins meet the
following specification:
ESD protection
All pins are protected against ESD by internal protection
diodes, and meet the following specification:
• Human body model (R = 1.5 kΩ; C = 100 pF):
all pins > ±3000 V
• Machine model (R = 0 Ω; C = 200 pF):
all pins > ±300V.
• Positive stress test: I
or V
≥ 1.5 × V
pin
CC(max)
• Negative stress test: I
or V
≤−0.5 × V
pin
CC(max)
trigger
trigger
≥ 100 mA
≤−100 mA
.
At an ambient temperature of 70 °C, all pins meet the
specification as mentioned above, with the exception of
pin 32, which can withstand a negative stress current of at
least 50 mA.
2000 May 0816
Philips SemiconductorsPreliminary specification
I2C-bus controlled TV display processors
TDA933xH series
CHARACTERISTICS
VP=8V; T
=25°C; unless otherwise specified.
amb
SYMBOLPARAMETERCONDITIONSMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
Supplies
M
AIN SUPPLY; PINS 17 AND 39
V
V
I
P1
POR
P1
supply voltage7.28.08.8V
power-on reset voltage levelnote 15.86.16.5V
supply currentpin 17 plus pin 39445058mA