The TDA8559T is a stereo amplifier that operates over a wide supply voltage range from
1.9 V to 30 V and consumes a very low quiescent current. This makes it suitable for
battery fed applications (2 ×1.5 V cells). Because of an internal voltage buffer, this device
can be used with or without a capacitor connected in series with the load. It can be
applied as a headphone amplifier, but also as a mono amplifier with a small speaker
(25 Ω), or as a line driver in mains applications.
2.Features
n Operating voltage from 1.9 V to 30 V
n Very low quiescent current
n Low distortion
n Few external components
n Differential inputs
n Usable as a mono amplifier in Bridge-Tied Load (BTL) or stereo Single-Ended (SE)
n Single-ended mode without loudspeaker capacitor
n Mute and Standby mode
n Short-circuit proof to ground, to supply voltage (< 10 V) and across load
n No switch on or switch off clicks
n ESD protected on all pins
3.Applications
n Portable telephones
n MP3 players
n Portable audio
n Mains fed equipment
The TDA8559T contains two amplifiers with differential inputs, a 0.5VPoutput buffer and a
high supply voltage stabilizer. Each amplifier consists of a voltage-to-current converter
(V/I), an output amplifier and a common dynamic quiescent current controller. The gain of
each amplifier is internally fixed at 26 dB (= 20 ×). The 0.5VP output can be used as a
replacement for the single-ended capacitors. The two amplifiers can also be used as a
mono amplifier in a BTL configuration thereby resulting in more output power.
With three mode select pins, the device can be switched into the following modes:
1. Standby mode (IP<10µA)
2. Mute mode
3. Operation mode, with two input selections (the input source is directly connected or
connected via coupling capacitors at the input).
The ripple rejection in the stereo application with a single-ended capacitor can be
improved by connecting a capacitor between the 0.5VP capacitor pin and ground.
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
The device is fully protected against short-circuiting of the output pins to ground, to the
low supply voltage pin and across the load.
8.1 V/I converters
The V/I converters have a transconductance of 400 µS. The inputs are completely
symmetrical and the two amplifiers can be used in opposite phase. The Mute mode
causes the V/I converters to block the input signal. The input mode pin selects two
applications in which the V/I converters can be used.
The first application (input mode pin floating) is used with a supply voltage below 6 V.The
input DC level is at ground level (the unused input pin connected to ground) and no input
coupling capacitors are necessary. The maximum converter output current is sufficient to
obtain an output swing of 3 V (peak).
In the second application with a supply voltage greater than 6 V (input mode pin HIGH),
the input mode pin is connected to VP. In this configuration (input DC level is
0.5VP+ 0.6 V) the input source must be coupled with a capacitor and the two unused
input pins must be connected via a capacitor to ground, to improve noise performance.
This application has a higher quiescent current, because the maximum output current of
the V/I converter is higher to obtain an output voltage swing of 9 V (peak).
8.2 Output amplifiers
The output amplifiers have a transresistance of 50 kΩ, a bandwidth of approximately
750 kHz and a maximum output current of 100 mA. The mid-tap output voltage equals the
voltage applied at the non-inverting pin of the output amplifier.This pin is connected to the
output of the 0.5VP buffer. This reduces the distortion when the load is connected
between an output amplifier and the buffer (because feedback is applied over the load).
8.3 Buffer
The buffer delivers 0.5VPto the output with a maximum output (sink and source) current of
200 mA (peak).
The Dynamic Quiescent Current controller (DQC) gives the advantage of low quiescent
current and low distortion. When there are high frequencies in the output signal, the DQC
will increase the quiescent current of the two output amplifiers and the buffer. This will
reduce the crossover distortion that normally occurs at high frequencies and low
quiescent current. The DQC gives output currents that are linear with the amplitude and
the frequency of the output signals. These currents control the quiescent current.
8.5 Stabilizer
The TDA8559T has a voltage supply range from 1.9 V to 30 V. This range is divided over
two supply voltage pins. Pin 16 is 1.9 V to 18 V (breakdown voltage of the process); this
pin is preferred for supply voltages less than 18 V. Pin 15 is used for applications where
VPis approximately 6 V to 30 V. The stabilizer output is internally connected to the supply
voltage pin 16. In the range from 6 V to 18 V, the voltage drop to pin 16 is 1 V.In the range
from 18 V to 30 V the stabilizer output voltage (to pin 16) is approximately 17 V.
8.6 Input logic
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
The MUTE pin (pin 7) selects the Mute mode of the V/I converters. LOW (TTL/CMOS)
levelis mute. A voltage between 0.5 V (low level) and 1.5 V (high level) causes a soft mute
to operate (no plops). When pin 7 is floating or greater than 1.5 V it is in the operating
condition.
The input mode pin must be connected to VPwhen the supply voltage is greater than 6 V.
The input mode logic raises the tail current of the V/I converters and enables the two
buffers to bias the inputs of the V/I converters.
8.7 Reference
This circuit supplies all currents needed in this device. With the Standby mode pin 1
(TTL/CMOS), it is possible to switch to the Standby mode and reduce the total quiescent
current to below 10 µA.
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).
SymbolParameterConditionsMinMaxUnit
V
P2(max)
V
P1(max)
V
i(max)
I
ORM
P
tot
T
amb
T
stg
T
vj
t
sc
maximum supply voltage (pin 15)-30V
maximum supply voltage (pin 16)-18V
maximum input voltage-18V
peak output currentrepetitive-150mA
total power dissipation-1.19W
ambient temperature−40+85°C
storage temperature−55+150°C
virtual junction temperature-150°C
short-circuiting timeVP<10V-1h
11. Thermal characteristics
Table 6.Thermal characteristics
SymbolParameterConditionsTypUnit
R
th(j-a)
thermal resistance from junction to ambientin free air105
output voltage in mute
mid-tap voltage1.41.51.6V
input impedance75100125kΩ
DC output offset voltage
SVRRsupply voltage ripple
[4]
--30µV
[5]
--100mV
[6]
4555-dB
rejection
BTL application (R
P
o
THDtotal harmonic distortionP
G
v
f
ss
= 25 Ω)
L
output powerTHD = 10 %125140-mW
= 70 mW; fi= 1 kHz-0.050.1%
o
= 70 mW; fi= 10 kHz-0.1-%
P
o
voltage gain313233dB
small signal roll-off
−1 dB-750-kHz
frequency
V
no
V
no(mute)
noise output voltage
noise output voltage in
[3]
-100120µV
[3]
-2540µV
mute
V
o(mute)
Z
i
V
os
output voltage in mute
input impedance395061kΩ
DC output offset voltage
SVRRsupply voltage ripple
[4]
--40µV
[7]
--150mV
[6]
3949-dB
rejection
Line driver application (R
V
o
line output voltage0.1-2.9V
= 1 kΩ)
L
[1] The supply voltage range at pin VP1 is from 1.9 V to 18 V. Pin VP2 is used for the voltage range from 6 V to 30 V.
[2] Measured with low-pass filter 30 kHz.
[3] Noise output voltage measured with a bandwidth of 20 Hz to 20 kHz, unweighted. Rs=5kΩ.
[4] RMS output voltage in mute is measured with Vi= 200 mV (RMS); f = 1 kHz.
[5] DC output offset voltage is measured between the signal output and the 0.5VP output.
[6] The ripple rejection is measured with a ripple voltage of 200 mV (RMS) applied to the positive supply rail (Rs=0kΩ).
[7] DC output offset voltage is measured between the two signal outputs.
13. Application information
13.1 General
For applications with a maximum supply voltage of 6 V (input mode low) the input pins
need a DC path to ground (see Figure 3 and Figure 4). For applications with supply
voltages in the range from 6 V to 18 V (input mode HIGH) the input DC level is
0.5VP+ 0.6 V. In this situation the input configurations illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6
have to be used.
The capacitor Cb is recommended for stability improvement.The value may vary between
10 nF and 100 nF. This capacitor should be placed close to the IC between pin 12 and
pin 13.
13.2 Heatsink design
The standard application is stereo headphone single-ended with a 32 Ω load impedance
to buffer (see Figure 9). The headphone amplifier can deliver a peak output current of
150 mA into the load.
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
For the SO16 envelope R
T
amb
For T
=25°C is:
=60°C the maximum total power dissipation is:
amb
1.2 W
13.3 Test conditions
T
=25°C; unless otherwise specified: VP= 3 V, f = 1 kHz, RL=32Ω, Gain = 26 dB,
amb
low input mode, band-pass filter: 22 Hz to 30 kHz. The total harmonic distortion as a
function of frequency was measured with low-pass filter of 80 kHz. The quiescent current
has been measured without any load impedance.
In applications with coupling capacitors towards the load, an electrolytic capacitor has to
be connected to pin 4 (SVRR).
1. The graphs for the single-ended application have been measured with the application
illustrated in Figure 9; input configuration for input mode low (Figure 4) and input
configuration for input mode high (Figure 6).
2. The graphs for the BTL application ‘input mode low’ have been measured with the
application circuit illustrated in Figure 11 and the input configuration illustrated in
Figure 4.
3. The graphs for the line-driver application have been measured with the application
circuit illustrated in Figure 13 and the input configuration illustrated in Figure 6; input
mode high.
th(j-a)
150 25–
=
-------------------- -
= 105 K/W; the maximum sinewave power dissipation for
The IC can be applied in two ways, ‘input mode low’ and ‘input mode high’. This can be
selected by the input mode at pin 8:
1. Input mode low: pin 8 floating: The DC level of the input pins has to be between 0 V
and (VP− 1.8 V). A DC path to ground is needed. The maximum output voltage is
approximately 2.1 V (RMS). Input configurations illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 4
should be used.
2. Input mode high: pin 8 is connected to VP: This mode is intended for supply voltages
> 6 V. It can deliver a maximum output voltage of approximately 6 V (RMS) at
THD = 0.5 %. The DC voltage level of the input pins is (0.5VP+ 0.6 V). Coupling
capacitors are necessary. Input configurations illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6
should be used.
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
2.2 µF
V
IN
5 kΩINPUT
pins 2 and 5
pins 3 and 6
mgd123
pins 2 and 5
V
IN
INPUT
pins 3 and 6
mgd124
VP< 6 V.VP< 6 V.
Fig 3. Input configuration; with input capacitorFig 4. Input configuration; without input capacitor
1. The Standby mode (V1< 0.5 V) is intended for power saving purpose. Then the total
quiescent current is < 10 µA.
2. To avoid ‘pop-noise’ during switch-on or switch-off the IC can be muted (V7< 0.5 V).
This can be achieved by a ‘soft-mute’ circuit or by direct control from a microcontroller.
13.6 Application 1: SE with loudspeaker capacitor
The value of capacitor Cr influences the behavior of the Supply Voltage Ripple Rejection
(SVRR) at low frequencies; increasing the value of Cr increases the performance of the
SVRR; see Figure 8.
13.7 Application 2: SE to buffer (without loudspeaker capacitor)
This is the basic headphone application. The advantage of this application with respect to
application 1, is that it needs only one external component (Cb) in the event of stability
problems; see Figure 9.
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
13.8 Application 3: Improved SE to buffer (without loudspeaker capacitor)
This application is an improved configuration of application 2. The distinction between the
two is connecting the loads in opposite phase. This lowers the average current through
the SE buffer. It should be noted that a headphone cannot be used because the load
requires floating terminals; see Figure 10.
This configuration delivers fourtimes the output power of the SE application with the same
supply and load conditions. The capacitor Cr is not required; see Figure 11.
13.10 Application 5: Line driver application
The TDA8559T delivers a virtual rail-to-rail output voltage and is also usable in a low
voltage environment, as a line driver. In this application the input needs a DC path to
ground, input configurations illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 4 should be used. The value
of capacitor Cr influences the behavior of the SVRR at low frequencies; increasing the
value of Cr increases the performance of the SVRR; see Figure 12.
13.11 Application 6: Line driver application
The TDA8559T delivers a virtual rail-to-rail output voltage.Because the input mode has to
be high, the input configurations illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6 should be used. This
application can also be used for headphone application, however, due to the limited output
current and the limited output power at the headphone, series resistors have to be used
between the output pins and the load; see Figure 13.
The value of capacitor Cr influences the behavior of the SVRR at low frequencies;
increasing the value of Cr increases the performance of the SVRR.
With the supply voltage connected to pin 15 it is possible to use the head amplifier above
the maximum of 18 V to pin 16. The internal supply voltage will be reduced to a maximum
of approximately 17 V.
This will be convenient in applications where the supply voltage is higher than 18 V,
however an output voltage swing that reaches the higher supply voltage is not required.
the input configurations illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6 should be used. This
application can also be used for headphone applications. However, due to the limited
output current, series resistors have to be used between the output pins and the load; see
Figure 14.
13.13 Application diagrams
STANDBY
IN1
1
2
3
REFERENCE
50 kΩ
50 kΩ
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
+V
P
100 µF
+−
32 Ω
50 kΩ
V
P1
1615
V
P
14
OUT1
100
nF
220 µF
V
P2
+
V/I
−
−
OA
+
MUTE
MODE
IN2
22 µF
SVRR
Cr
7
8
5
6
50
kΩ
V
P
100 kΩ
4
100
kΩ
INPUT
LOGIC
+
V/I
−
50
kΩ
TDA8559T
GND
13
DQC
+
OA
−
50 kΩ
BUFFER
Fig 8. Application 1; single-ended with loudspeaker capacitor
The Printed-Circuit Board (PCB) layout supports all applications as illustrated in Figure 8
to Figure 14. The PCB layout has been assembled for input configuration as shown in
Figure 3, and output and supply configuration as shown in Figure 8 for a maximum supply
voltage of 6 V.
13.15 Response curves for low input mode
10
I
q
(mA)
8
6
4
2
0
020
48
(1)
(2)
1216
mda089
VP (V)
20
V
P1
(V)
16
12
8
4
0
01030
20
(1) High mode.
(2) Low mode.
Fig 16. Iq as a function of VP (stereo headphone)Fig 17. VP1 as a function of VP2 (stereo headphone)
16.1 Introduction to soldering surface mount packages
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all surface mount IC packages. Wave
soldering can still be used for certain surface mount ICs, but it is not suitable for fine pitch
SMDs. In these situations reflow soldering is recommended.
16.2 Reflow soldering
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and
binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement. Driven by legislation and
environmental forces the worldwide use of lead-free solder pastes is increasing.
Several methods exist for reflowing; for example, convection or convection/infrared
heating in a conveyor type oven. Throughput times (preheating, soldering and cooling)
vary between 100 seconds and 200 seconds depending on heating method.
Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 °Cto260°C depending on solder paste
material. The peak top-surface temperature of the packages should be kept below:
< 2.5 mm240 °C+0/−5 °C225 °C+0/−5 °C
≥ 2.5 mm225 °C+0/−5 °C225 °C+0/−5 °C
Table 9. Pb-free process - package peak reflow temperatures (from
2004)
Package thicknessVolume mm3 < 350Volume mm3 350 to
< 1.6 mm260 °C + 0 °C260 °C + 0 °C260 °C + 0 °C
1.6 mm to 2.5 mm260 °C + 0 °C250 °C + 0 °C245 °C + 0 °C
≥ 2.5 mm250 °C + 0 °C245 °C + 0 °C245 °C + 0 °C
Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on packing, must be respected at all times.
16.3 Wave soldering
Conventional single wave soldering is not recommended for surface mount devices
(SMDs) or printed-circuit boards with a high component density, as solder bridging and
non-wetting can present major problems.
To overcome these problems the double-wave soldering method was specifically
developed.
2000
J-STD-020C
J-STD-020C
Volume mm3 > 2000
July
If wave soldering is used the following conditions must be observed for optimal results:
• Use a double-wave soldering method comprising a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave.
• For packages with leads on two sides and a pitch (e):
– larger than or equal to 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis is preferred to be
– smaller than 1.27 mm, the footprint longitudinal axis must be parallel to the
The footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end.
• For packages with leads on four sides, the footprint must be placed at a 45° angle to
the transport direction of the printed-circuit board. The footprint must incorporate
solder thieves downstream and at the side corners.
During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of
adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured.
Typical dwell time of the leads in the wave ranges from 3 seconds to 4 seconds at 250 °C
or 265 °C, depending on solder material applied, SnPb or Pb-free respectively.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most
applications.
TDA8559T
Low-voltage stereo headphone amplifier
parallel to the transport direction of the printed-circuit board;
transport direction of the printed-circuit board.
16.4 Manual soldering
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally-opposite end leads. Use a low voltage
(24 V or less) soldering iron applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be
limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C.
When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within
2 seconds to 5 seconds between 270 °C and 320 °C.
16.5 Package related soldering information
Table 10. Suitability of surface mount IC packages for wave and reflow soldering methods
[1] For more detailed information on the BGA packages refer to the
order a copy from your Philips Semiconductors sales office.
[2] All surface mount (SMD) packages are moisture sensitive. Depending upon the moisture content, the
maximum temperature (with respect to time) and body size of the package, there is a risk that internal or
external package cracks may occur due to vaporization of the moisture in them (the so called popcorn
effect). For details, refer to the Drypack information in the
[3] These transparent plastic packages are extremely sensitive to reflow soldering conditions and must on no
account be processed through more than one soldering cycle or subjected to infrared reflow soldering with
peak temperature exceeding 217 °C ± 10 °C measured in the atmosphere of the reflow oven. The package
body peak temperature must be kept as low as possible.
[4] These packages are not suitable for wave soldering. On versions with the heatsink on the bottom side, the
solder cannot penetrate between the printed-circuit board and the heatsink. On versions with the heatsink
on the top side, the solder might be deposited on the heatsink surface.
[5] If wave soldering is considered, then the package must be placed at a 45° angle to the solder wave
direction. The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves downstream and at the side corners.
[6] Wave soldering is suitable for LQFP, QFP and TQFP packages with a pitch (e) larger than 0.8 mm; it is
definitely not suitable for packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.65mm.
[7] Wave soldering is suitable for SSOP, TSSOP, VSO and VSSOP packages with a pitch (e) equal to or larger
than 0.65 mm; it is definitely not suitable for packages with a pitch (e) equal to or smaller than 0.5 mm.
[8] Image sensor packages in principle should not be soldered. They are mounted in sockets or delivered
pre-mounted on flex foil. However, the image sensor package can be mounted by the client on a flex foil by
using a hot bar soldering process. The appropriate soldering profile can be provided on request.
[9] Hot bar soldering or manual soldering is suitable for PMFP packages.
Objective [short] data sheetDevelopmentThis document contains data from the objective specification for product development.
Preliminary [short] data sheet QualificationThis document contains data from the preliminary specification.
Product [short] data sheetProductionThis document contains the product specification.
[1] Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design.
[2] The term ‘short data sheet’ is explained in section “Definitions”.
[3] The product status of device(s)described inthis document may havechanged since this document waspublished andmay differin case of multiple devices. Thelatest product status
information is available on the Internet at URL
[1][2]
Product status
18.2Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. Philips Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information includedherein and shallhave no liabilityfor the consequencesof
use of such information.
Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet
with thesame product typenumber(s) and title.A short data sheet is intended
for quickreference only and shouldnot be relied upon tocontain detailed and
full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data
sheet, which is available on request via the local Philips Semiconductors
sales office. In case of any inconsistency orconflict with the short data sheet,
the full data sheet shall prevail.
18.3Disclaimers
General — Information in this document is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, Philips Semiconductors does not give any representations
or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of
such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of
such information.
Right to make changes — Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to
make changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all informationsupplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — Philips Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft,
space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or
[3]
http://www.semiconductors.philips.com.
Definition
malfunction of a Philips Semiconductors product canreasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. Philips Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use
of Philips Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and
therefore such inclusion and/or use is for the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in
the Absolute MaximumRatings System of IEC 60134)may cause permanent
damage tothe device. Limitingvalues are stress ratingsonly and operation of
the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the
Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting
values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Terms and conditions of sale — Philips Semiconductors products are sold
subject to the general terms and conditions of commercialsale, as published
at
http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/profile/terms, including those
pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation
of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by Philips
Semiconductors. Incase of any inconsistency orconflict between information
in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail.
No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted
or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the
grant, conveyance or implication ofany license under any copyrights,patents
or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
18.4Trademarks
Notice: Allreferenced brands,product names, servicenames and trademarks
are the property of their respective owners.
19. Contact information
For additional information, please visit: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
For sales office addresses, send an email to: sales.addresses@www.semiconductors.philips.com
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in section ‘Legal information’.
For more information, please visit: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com.
For sales office addresses, email to: sales.addresses@www.semiconductors.philips.com.
Date of release: 15 May 2006
Document identifier: TDA8559_3
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