Philips hdmi_training_manual_171 Datasheet

Training HDMI

Euroservice Service Training

<< HDMI >>SERVICE TRAINING

<< HDMI >>

Theo Heijnen September 2007 V5

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page: 1

Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

• DVI and benefits HDMI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

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• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 2

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Course Objective

HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) is gaining popularity in CE industry and it is projected to be as a standard interface in near future.

This training is made with the intention of providing some understandings and guidelines to readers who may be directly or indirectly involved in products with HDMI.

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 3

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

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• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 4

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What is HDMI

HDMI is High Definition Multimedia Interface and it the first and only digital interface for Consumer Electronics that can carry:

¾ Uncompressed high-definition video (with

encryption)

¾ Compressed or uncompressed multi-channel audio ¾ Intelligent format and command data

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 5

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

• DVI and benefits HDMI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

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• Data Flow

•FAQ

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HDMI basics Slide 6

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DVI Before HDMI

•DVI-A – Analog video connection – Compatible with PC-VGA

•DVI-D – Digital video connection – Used for LCD monitors and some TVs

•DVI-I – Combination of DVI-A and DVI-D on one

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DVI

connector

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HDMI basics Slide 7

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Why do we want to have products equipped with HDMI?

1HDMI digital interconnect provides superior, uncompressed digital video and audio quality for source-to-display transfer (thus, avoiding needless conversions from digital to analog and back again as with CVBS, S-Video or YPbPr connections.)

2A single cable solution with user-friendly connector to replace the maze of cabling behind the entertainment center as what we have now.

3 Integrated remote control for entire home theatre system equipped with advanced control CEC.

4 TV and AV Receivers can adjust for best viewing experience (surround sound and best aspect ratio) without consumer intervention.

With HDCP encryption, HDMI is able to transfer high-definition content. HDMI-HDCP opens the floodgate of digital content from major motion picture producers

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The benefits provided above are considered as ‘pull’ factors and in line with ‘Sense &

Simplicity’ direction. Beside these, there are the ‘push’ factors.

1The need for content protection to reduce piracy is addressed by HDCP, without which

MPAA(*) would not endorse DVI or HDMI for CE equipment.

2 Larger screens DTV with higher resolution are fueling the demand for high definition

source. In not so long ago, DVI is the solution. However, in North America, HDMI DTV has

out shipped DVI models in 2004.

3 The direction for DTV and STB is towards HDMI and standards are pushing as well.

MPAA: Motion Picture Association America

HDMI basics Slide 8

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HDMI Benefits

Digital signal transmission

• Signal on DVD is digital

• Signal inside Flat TV is digital

• When connecting via analog connection, video noise is added and resolution is lost.

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HDMI basics Slide 9

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page: 9

Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

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• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 10

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What type or category of HDMI device/product?

HDMI system architecture is defined to consist of Sources, Sinks, Repeaters and Cable Assemblies.

Source

¾Device with one or more HDMI outputs. ¾Equipped with HDMI Transmitter chip. ¾Used to render content out to display,

like DVD player & Set Top Box (STB).

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HDMI basics Slide 11

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Sink

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Sink

¾Device with one or more HDMI inputs. ¾Equipped with HDMI Receiver chip. ¾Used to accept and display content for consumer

consumption, like Digital TV, Projector, Plasma Display Panel & LCD-TV.

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HDMI basics Slide 12

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Repeater

¾Device with at least one HDMI input and at least one

HDMI output, and a retransmission function.

¾Equipped with HDMI Receiver chip and HDMI

Transmitter chip.

¾Must also perform most of the tasks associated with

HDMI Source and Sink.

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Repeater

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A Repeater has at least one of following functions: –

a) Repeat function:

– Single-input, single-output (also known as “Extension”) and used primarily

b) Switch function:

– Multiple-input, single-output and used primarily to select among multiple Sources.

c) Distributor function:

– Single-input, multiple-output, where only one output is active. Used primarily

to select among multiple displays or Sinks.

d) Duplicator function:

– Single-input, multiple-output, where more than one output is active. Used

e) Combinations of the above.

for cable extension.

for signal distribution.

HDMI basics Slide 13

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

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• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 14

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Different versions on HDMI.

HDMI 1.2

HDMI 1.1

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HDMI 1.3

HDMI 1.0

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HDMI basics Slide 15

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What are the HDMI spec version 1.x?

The HDMI 1.0 spec was the initial release (Dec 2002) for HDMI system. Subsequently, HDMI 1.1 spec was released in May 2004. The main update in HDMI 1.1 includes adding ACP and ISRC Packet definitions to support DVD-Audio via HDMI.

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ACP: Audio Copy Protection packet. A Source may use the ACP Packet to convey content-

related information regarding the active

audio stream.

ISRC: A Source may handle an International Standard Recording Code (ISRC) and/or UPC/EAN

describing the origin or owner details for each track of content on the medium. These values may

be transmitted using the ISRC1 and ISRC2 packets.

HDMI basics Slide 16

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HDMI spec version 1.2

• In August 2005 the HDMI 1.2 specification is released. HDMI 1.2 adds features and capabilities that increase HDMI's appeal for use in both the CE and PC industries. For CE products the most important modification includes:

• Support for One Bit Audio format, such as Super Audio CD's DSD (Direct Stream Digital).

• HDMI 1.2a main change: Consumer Electronic Control (CEC) features and command sets and CEC compliance tests are now fully specified.

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HDMI basics Slide 17

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HDMI spec version 1.3

Version V1.3 is released June 2006.

• Higher speed, Increase bandwidth to 340 MHz (10.2 Gbps)

• Deep Color, HDMI 1.3 supports 10-bit, 12-bit and 16-bit (RGB or YCbCr) color depths,

• Broader color space.

• New mini connector.

• Lip Sync.

• New HD lossless audio formats.

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Higher speed: Although all previous versions of HDMI have had more than enough bandwidth to

support all current HDTV formats, HDMI 1.3 increases its single-link bandwidth to 340 MHz (10.2

Gbps) to support the demands of future HD display devices, such as higher resolutions, Deep

Color and high frame rates. In addition, built into the HDMI 1.3 specification is the technical

foundation that will let future versions of HDMI reach significantly higher speeds.

Deep Color: HDMI 1.3 supports 10-bit, 12-bit and 16-bit (RGB or YCbCr) color depths, up from

the 8-bit depths in previous versions of the HDMI specification.

Broader color space: HDMI 1.3 adds support for “x.v.Color™” which removes current color

space limitations and enables the display of any color viewable by the human eye.

New mini connector: With small portable devices demanding seamless connectivity to HDTVs,

HDMI 1.3 offers a new, smaller form factor connector option.

Lip Sync: HDMI 1.3 incorporates automatic audio synching capabilities that allows devices to

perform this synchronization automatically with total accuracy.

New HD lossless audio formats: In addition to HDMI’s current ability to support high-

bandwidth uncompressed digital audio and all currently-available compressed formats (such as

Dolby® Digital and DTS®), HDMI 1.3 adds additional support for new lossless compressed digital

audio formats Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio™.

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audio formats Dolby TrueHD and DTS-HD Master Audio™.

HDMI basics Slide 18

page: 18

480p or 576p

2ch LPCM

Compatible with DVI

Mandatory

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HDMI source features: Mandatory vs Optional

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2a 1.3

480p or 576p

2ch LPCM

Compatible with DVI

480p or 576p

2ch LPCM

Compatible with DVI

480p or 576p

2ch LPCM

Compatible with DVI

480p or 576p

2ch LPCM

Compatible with DVI

720p 1080i 1080p

8-ch PCM

Compressed audio

Optional

CEC

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720p 1080i 1080p

8-ch PCM

Compressed audio

DVD-Audio

CEC

720p 1080i 1080p

PC resolution

8-ch PCM

Compressed audio

DVD-Audio

SACD

CEC

720p 1080i 1080p

PC resolution

8-ch PCM

Compressed audio

DVD-Audio

SACD

CEC 1.2a

New feature in specsMandatory feature Optional feature

720p 1080i 1080p

PC resolution

Deep color

8-ch PCM

Compressed audio

DVD-Audio

SACD

Compressed DSD

High bit-rate audio

Auto lip sync

correction

CEC 1.2a

Mini connector

HDMI basics Slide 19

2

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Lip Sync

LS

: Lip sync features needed

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1 TV Star Topology

2 Audio Star Topology

3 HTS Star Topology

4 Audio Video Star Topology

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AV receiver

LS LS

AV receiver

audio

LS

audio

HDMI basics Slide 20

LS

LSLS

Topology 1:

It is a Legacy issue & can happen with ANY type of connectivity (dig/Ana)

LS can only be solved in TV.

Topology 2:

We can have there also legacy issue with ANY type of connectivity (Dig/Ana)

Your TV still need to have LS. At the moment you disconnect Video & Audio, you

have to have a second correction in AV receiver.

Topology 3:

Same, But there is also an option to have it in the STB.

Topology 4:

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Topology 4 automatic lipsync correction possible with ease of use due to HDMI 1.3

page: 20

Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

<< HDMI >>SERVICE TRAINING

<< HDMI >>

• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 21

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What are HDCP and HDCP Licensing?

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) is a technology developed by Digital Content Protection, LLC (a subsidiary of Intel) to protect digital entertainment content. HDCP has been implemented across both DVI and HDMI interfaces. The HDCP specification provides a cost-effective and transparent method for transmitting and receiving the highest quality digital entertainment content to DVI/HDMI-compliant digital displays

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HDMI basics Slide 22

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How to handle non-HDCP devices?

During Authentication and Key Exchange (first phase of HDCP protocol) initiated by HDCP transmitter, a set of secret device keys is exchanged, to affirm HDCP receiver (Sink) is authorized to receive HDCP content. If Sink is non-HDCP compliance, authentication fails and protected content shall not be output.

Unprotected content, including diagnostic messages to the user, may still be sent to the display in the event of failed authentication.

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HDMI basics Slide 23

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Are all HDMI devices are HDCP compliance?

Unfortunately, HDMI devices do not by default are HDCP compliance. In HDMI spec, content protection capability is only a recommendation.

While the HDMI specification supports HDCP, HDCP is not a requirement and is not currently tested by HDMI Authorized Testing Centers as part of the HDMI Compliance Test Specification.

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HDMI basics Slide 24

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HDCP handling

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Transmitter Chip is active before HDCP start.

Init & Configure transmitter chip as per EDID

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HDCP keys are exchanged via DDC lines. One very important is to note is that HDCP

initialization requires a valid video stream from Source into the Sink. If up-scaling chip is used (like

FLI2310), always ensure its output is valid and stable.

Poll for HPD

HPD

asserted?

Y

Read EDID

Check UI setting.

Init & Configure HDMI Tx.

Send AVMUTE

B

N

Source should check if Sink is active by checking

RSEN bit.

Reading EDID. Source shall check if Sink is HDMI or DVI device. Some Sink may display blue or Green screen before authentication completes.

AVMUTE is command issued by Source to Sink to

disable encryption and to mute audio video content. Source should check H_RES, V_RES

HDMI basics Slide 25

HDCP is always initiated by Source.

Note that the HDCP protocol is different (with more steps) between Source and Repeater.

HDP = Hard Plug Detect. Via this line the system detect if there is a set connected.

EDID = Extended display identification data is a data structure provided by a display (TV or

monitor) to describe its capabilities to the display resolutions.

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40 keys (56 bit)

Generate 64 bit

Key Vector

value An

AKSV

AKSV + An

1

BKSV + repeater bit

2

Key Vector

BKSV

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Key Exchange

40 keys (56 bit)

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HDMI basics Slide 26

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Key Exchange

40 keys

Key Vector

AKSV

(56 bit)

Calculate R0

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R0’

If value R0’ is correct video is decrypted.

Key Vector

BKSV

Calculate R0’

40 keys (56 bit)

HDMI basics Slide 27

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Every 2 seconds a

new R is calculated

and checked.

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Key Exchange

40 keys

Key Vector

AKSV

(56 bit)

Calculate Rn

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Rn’

If value Rn’ is correct video is decrypted.

Key Vector

BKSV

Calculate Rn’

40 keys (56 bit)

HDMI basics Slide 28

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

<< HDMI >>SERVICE TRAINING

<< HDMI >>

• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 29

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Consumer Electronic Control [CEC]

Press Play on DVD

And then…

Plays DVD

CEC is a protocol that provides high-level control functions between all of the various audiovisual products in a user’s environment

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One Touch Play - Allows a device to be played and become the active source with a single button press.

• System Standby - Enables the user to switch all devices to standby with one button press.

• Preset Transfer - Enables any tuner device to download the same set of presets as the TV. It is used to auto

configure a devices presets so no manual setup is required.

• One Touch Record - Offers a What You See Is What You Record (WYSIWYR) facility, meaning that whatever is

shown on the TV screen is recorded on a selected recording device.

• Timer Programming - Allows a device (e.g. the TV) to set a timer recording on a recording device.

• System Information - Queries the system to determine device addresses and configurations (e.g. language and

country)

• Deck Control - Enables a device to control (e.g. play, fast forward etc.) and interrogate a playback device (a deck).

• Tuner Control - Allows a device to control the tuner of another device.

• Vendor Specific Commands - Allows a set of vendor-defined commands to be used between devices of that

vendor.

• OSD Display - Enables a device to use the on-screen display of the TV to display text strings.

• Device Menu Control - Enables a device to control the menu of another device by passing

through user interface commands.

• Routing Control - Allows the control of CEC Switches for streaming of a new source device.

• Remote Control Pass Through - Enables remote control commands to be passed through

PERSONAL NOTES:

to other devices within the system.

• Device OSD Name Transfer - Enables devices to upload their preferred OSD name to the

TV. The TV can then use this name in any menus associated with that device.

Automatically…

Turns on TV

Automatically…

Turns on A/V Rcvr

Automatically…

Switches to correct input

(from DVD player)

Automatically…

Switches to correct input

(from A/V Receiver)

HDMI basics Slide 30

page: 30

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Mandatory messages in HDMI-CEC 1.3a

1. One Touch Play User Features

2. System Standby

3. Routing control

4. System Information* Behind-the-scene messages

5. Power status

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One Touch Play - Allows a device to be played and become the active source with a single

button press.

• System Standby - Enables the user to switch all devices to standby with one button press.

HDMI basics Slide 31

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

<< HDMI >>SERVICE TRAINING

<< HDMI >>

• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 32

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HDMI Data Flow

TMDS: Transition Minimized Differential Signaling

TMDS Channel 0

TMDS Channel 1

TMDS Channel 2

TMDS Clock Channel

Source

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As shown in Figure the HDMI cable and connectors carry four differential pairs that make

up the TMDS data and clock channels. These channels are used to carry video, audio and

auxiliary data.

Sink

HDMI basics Slide 33

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DDC: Display Data Channel CEC: Consumer Electronic Control

TMDS Channel 0

TMDS Channel 1

TMDS Channel 2

TMDS Clock Channel

DDC: Display Data Channel

CEC Data

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HDMI Data Flow

EDID ROM

Source

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In addition, HDMI carries a VESA DDC channel. The DDC is used for configuration and

status exchange between a single Source and a single Sink. The optional CEC protocol

provides high-level control functions between all of the various audiovisual products in a

user’s environment.

Sink

HDMI basics Slide 34

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Signalling.

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As shown in Figure, an HDMI link includes three TMDS Data channels and a single TMDS

Clock channel. The TMDS Clock channel constantly runs at the pixel rate of the

transmitted video. During every cycle of the TMDS Clock channel, each of the three TMDS

data channels transmits a 10-bit character. T his 10-bit word is encoded using one of

several different coding techniques.

The input stream to the Source.s encoding logic will contain video pixel, packet and

control data. The packet data consists of audio and auxiliary data and associated error

correction codes.

These data items are processed in a variety of ways and are presented to the TMDS

encoder as either 2 bits of control data, 4 bits of packet data or 8 bits of video data per

TMDS channel. The Source encodes one of these data types or encodes a Guard Band

character on any given clock cycle.

HDMI basics Slide 35

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TMDS Periods

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TMDS Periods

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TMDS:

Transition Minimized Differential Signalling

The HDMI link operates in one of three modes: Video Data Period, Dat a Island period, and

Control period. During the Video Data Period, the active pixels of an active video line are

transmitted. During the Data Island period, audio and auxiliary data are transmitted using a

series of packets. The Control period is used when no video, audio, or auxiliary data needs

to be transmitted. A Control Period is required between any other two periods.

HDMI basics Slide 36

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Video

HDMI allows a wide variety of explicitly defined video format timings to be transmitted and displayed.

These video format timings define the pixel and line counts and timing, synchronization pulse position and duration, and whether the format is interlaced or progressive.

The video pixels carried across the link shall be in one of three different pixel encodings:

RGB 4:4:4, YCBCR 4:4:4

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YCBCR 4:2:2.

HDMI basics Slide 37

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RGB 4:4:4

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Figure shows the default encoding, RGB 4:4:4. The R, G, and B components of the first

pixel for a given line of video are transferred on the first pixel of the video data period

following the Guard Band characters.

HDMI basics Slide 38

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YCBCR 4:2:2

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Figure shows the signal mapping and timing for transferring YCBCR 4:2:2 data across

HDMI. Because 4:2:2 data only requires two components per pixel c l oc k , more bits are

allocated per component. The available 24 bits are split into 12 bits for the Y component

and 12 bits for the C components.

HDMI basics Slide 39

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YCBCR 4:4:4

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HDMI basics Slide 40

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Content

•Objective

•What is HDMI

•DVI

• Different HDMI category products

• Versions HDMI

•HDCP

•CEC

<< HDMI >>SERVICE TRAINING

<< HDMI >>

• Data Flow

•FAQ

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

HDMI basics Slide 41

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What is the maximum cable length to be supported?

In order to allow cable manufacturers to improve their products through the use of new technologies, HDMI specifies the required performance of a cable (at 700pF capacitive load) but does not specify a maximum cable length, as long the cable is HDMI compliance.

Remark: Because of the higher bitrate in the HDMI 1.3 version, streaming High Definition video will require higher spec cable.

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Recently, HDMI Licensing, LLC announced that cables would be tested as Standard or High-Speed

cables.

Standard (or “category 1”) cables have been tested to perform at speeds of 75Mhz, which is the

equivalent of a 1080i signal.

High-Speed (or “category 2”) cables have been tested to perform at speeds of 340Mhz, which is

the highest bandwidth currently available over an HDMI cable and can successfully handle 1080p

signals including those at increased color depths and/or increased refresh rates. High-Speed cables

are also able to accommodate higher resolution displays, such as WQXGA cinema monitors

(resolution of 2560 x 1600).

HDMI basics Slide 42

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What are the video format timings supported?

An HDMI Source shall support at least one of the following:

· 640x480p @ 59.94/60Hz

· 720x480p @ 59.94/60Hz

· 720x576P @ 50Hz

An HDMI Sink that accepts 60Hz video formats shall support the 640x480p and 720x480p @ 59.94/60Hz video format timings, and 1280x720p or 1920x1080i @ 59.94/60Hz if HD-capable.

An HDMI Sink that accepts 50Hz video format timings shall support the 640x480p @ 59.94/60Hz and 720x576p @ 50Hz, and 1280x720p or 1920x1080i @ 50Hz if HD-capable.

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

Many video format timings are available but usually these the primary video format timings.

· 640 x 480p @ 59.94/60Hz

· 720 x 480p @ 59.94/60Hz

· 1920 x 1080i @ 59.94/60Hz

· 1280 x 720p @ 59.94/60Hz

· 720(1440) x 480i @ 59.94/60Hz

· 720 x 576p @ 50Hz

· 1920 x 1080i @ 50Hz

· 1280 x 720p @ 50Hz

· 720(1440) x 576i @ 50Hz

HDMI basics Slide 43

Video formats with pixel rates below 25 Mpixels/sec require pixel-repetition to be carried across

HDMI interface. For instance, 720 x 480i is referred as (1440) x 480i.

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What are the audio formats supported?

An HDMI Source shall support 2-channel L-PCM using an IEC 60958, with either 32kHz, 44.1kHz or 48kHz sampling rate and a sample size of 16 bits or more. Higher sample rates of 88.2kHz, 96kHz, 176.4kHz and 192kHz, using either IEC 60958 format or IEC 61937 format, is permitted. HDMI Sink capable of accepting audio is required to accept 2channel IEC 60958-formatted L-PCM at sample rates of 32kHz,

44.1kHz and 48kHz.

Philips CE Europe, Euroservice, SE&T

Multi-channel PCM and DVD-Audio are supported using Silicon Image 2nd generation chips (e.g.

SII9030, Sii9031).

Similar to video formats, any audio formats to be supported must be possible depending the

capability of the HDMI chips used. All chips support the basic mandatory format but may not

support the optional formats in HDMI spec.

HDMI basics Slide 44

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Is HDMI compatible with DVI

All HDMI Sources shall be compatible with DVI 1.0 compliant sink devices (i.e. monitors or displays.) through the use of a passive cable converter. Likewise, all HDMI Sinks shall be compatible with DVI 1.0 compliant sources (i.e. systems or hosts.) through the

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use of a similar cable converter.

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HDMI basics Slide 45

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Copy Protection.

Can I make a Digital Copy via HDMI ?

No, HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection)

Prevents making a Digital Copy.

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HDMI basics Slide 46

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Hot Plug Detect.

An HDMI Sink shall not assert high voltage level on its Hot Plug Detect pin (pin 18) when the E-EDID is not available

for reading. The Hot Plug Detect pin may be asserted only when the +5V Power line (pin18) from the Source is detected.

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HDMI basics Slide 47

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No multi channel audio.

• Q. If you have an HDMI source such as a DVD player, and connect it to your display via HDMI or Home cinema set, customer is complaining he is not be able to get 5.1 digital bitstreams.

• A. When the Home Cinema set or TV has HDMI v1.0 or HDM I v1.1 These versions do not support multi channel bitstream.

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HDMI basics Slide 48

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Connect sets with different versions

• Q. My DVD player has HDMI version 1.1 My TV sets has HDMI v1.3. Are those compatible?

• A. Yes. But the features are limited to the features of the lowest version.

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HDMI basics Slide 49

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Were to see the HDMI version of the set.

• Q. How do I know which HDMI version my set has?

• A. In the new leaflets mostly the version is mentioned. But It will not give details because only some features are mandatory. The version number will not explain which extra features are used. Features like CEC, Deep Colour etc must be indicated separately.

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HDMI basics Slide 50

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What’s on the pins of an HDMI connector?

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HDMI basics Slide 51

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