
vius Qksu dks tkusa
65,000 jax eq[;
LØhu
djrhA ;g midj.k th,l,e@thihvkj,l usVoDlZ ls tksM+s tkus
ds fy, gSA
fdl izdkj ---
usohxs'ku dqfUt;k¡
Bhd dqUth
fidvi dqUth
o.kZla[;kRed
dqUthiVy
ekbØksQksu
fujLr dqUth
dkVsa] fujLr djsa vkSj
pkyw@can dqUth
gSaMlsV@pktZj duSDVj
fQfyIl yxkrkj vius mRiknksa esa lqq/kkj djus dk iz;kl djrh jgrh
gSA vr%] fQfyIl ds ikl bl mi;ksxdrkZ funsZf”kdk ds iqujkoyksdu
;k bls fdlh Hkh le; fcuk fdlh lwpuk ds okfil ysus dk
vf/kdkj lqjf{kr gSA fQfyIl ;g mi;ksxdrkZ funsZf”kdk dks
^^orZeku #i** esa iznku djrh gS vkSj] mfpr dkuwu dh vko”;drk
ds vfrfjDr] dksbZ =qfV] pwd ;k bl mi;ksxdrkZ funsZf”kdk vkSj
of.kZr mRikn ds chp dksbZ folaxfr ds fy, nkf;Ro Lohdkj ugha
Qksu pkyw@can djus ds fy, )
viuk fiu dksM izfo"V djus
ds fy,
dkWy djus ds fy,
dkWy lekIr djus ds fy,
dkWy dk mÙkj nsus ds fy,
dkWy vLohdkj djus ds fy,
dqUthiVy dks ykWd@vuykWd
djus ds fy,
uke lwph
dks ,Dlsl djus ds
fy,
dkWy lwph
dks ,Dlsl djus ds
fy,
dqUthiVy ds iz;ksx }kjk viuk fiu dksM
Hkjsa vkSj iqf"V djus ds fy, , nck,aA
dqUthiVy ds iz;ksx }kjk Qksu uEcj Hkjsa
vkSj Mk;y djus ds fy,
) nck,aA
viuk Qksu ctus ij ( nck,aA
viuk Qksu ctus ij ) nck,aA
#
fuf’Ø; voLFkk
fuf’Ø; voLFkk
lHkh NwVh] Mk;y dh xbZ vkSj izkIr dkWysa
iznf'kZr djrh gSA
dks nsj rd nck,aA
dks nsj rd nck,aA
esa -
esa (
nck,aA
nck,aA
(
nck,aA
dkWy lwph

eq[; ehuw
dks ,Dlsl djus ds
fy,
fiNys ehuw esa tkus ds fy,
fuf’Ø; voLFkk esa ”kh?kz
ykSVus
ds fy,
fuf’Ø; voLFkk
miyC/k gksus ij C nck,aA
C
esa ,
dks nsj rd nck,aA
nck,aA
eq[; ehuw
eq[; ehuw ls vki vius eksckby Qksu ds ,d fxzM ds :i esa iznf'kZr lHkh
fofHkUu y{k.kksa rd igq¡p ldrs gSaA uhps nh xbZ rkfydk la{ksi esa
Øe] ogk¡ izkIr fofHkUu fpàksa ds vFkZ] vkSj bl funsZf'kdk esa fo"k;&laca/kh
foLr`r tkudkjh okys i`"B] iznf'kZr djrh gSA
ehuw
dkWy lwpuk eYVhehfM;k lsfVaXl
i`"B 14
i`"B 28
i`"B 25
Ápkyd lsok lans'k [ksy vkSj ,Iyhds“ku
ds
i`"B 30
i`"B 19
i`"B 33
oSi irk iqfLrdk ,Iyhds“ku
i`"B 36
fuf’Ø; voLFkk
usohxs'ku dqUth — orZeku funsZf'kdk esa
ls iznf'kZr — dk iz;ksx fp=ksa ,oa lwfp;ksa dks czkmt+ djus fy, djsaaA
fdlh lwph essa usohxsV djus ds fy,] LØhu dh nkbZa vksj fLFkr ,d LØkWy
ckj lwph esa vkidh orZeku fLFkfr n'kkZrh gSA lwfp;ksa ds vUnj] pquh xbZ
oLrq ls lacaf/kr fodYi dks ,Dlsl djus ds fy,
tkus ds fy,
C
esa
ehuw
nck,aA
i`"B 41
dks ,Dlsl djus ds fy, , nck,a] fQj e/;
+, -, <
i`"B 39
;k > fpàksa ds ek/;e
,
nck,a] ,d Lrj ihNs
1

funsZf'kdk iz;ksx djus dh fof/k
orZeku funsZf'kdk bl izdkj foHkkftr dh xbZ gS%
vius Qksu dks tkusa
v/;k; 1 %
'kq#vkr
v/;k; 2 % dkWy
djuk
v/;k; 3 % ikB~;
izfof"V
v/;k; 4 ls
vU; Hkkx
orZeku Hkkx vkids eksckby Qksu dk fooj.k vkSj
lkekU;r% iz;ksx gksus okys y{k.kksa ds fo"k; esa
tkudkjh izLrqr djrk gSA
vkids eksckby Qksu dks igyh ckj lsV djus laca/kh
tkudkjh% fle dkMZ] cSVjh] vkfn LFkkfir djukA
dkWy djus ,oa izkIr djus laca/kh tkudkjhA
la[;kRed dqUthiVy ds iz;ksx }kjk ikB~; izfo"V
djus laca/kh tkudkjhA
12 ;s v/;k;
eq[; ehuw
izLrqr djrs gSaA
v/;k; 12 ds ckn fp= ,oa fpà] lko/kkfu;k¡]
nks"k&fuokj.k] fQfyIl izkekf.kd lgk;d midj.k]
,l,vkj tkudkjh ¼;fn izdk'ku esa miyC/k gks]
vU;Fkk ,d fof'k"V nLrkost+ ds :i esa 'kkfey½] vkSj
var esa lhfer okjaVh ds Hkkx gSaA
ds izR;sd Hkkx dks ,d&,d dj
2

1. ”kq#vkr ...................................................................5
fle dkMZ Mkyuk ..........................................................5
Qksu pkyw djuk ..........................................................7
cSVjh pktZ djuk .........................................................7
gkWVdqfUt;k¡ lsV djuk ...................................................8
2. eq[; fo“ks’krk,a ........................................................9
dkWy djuk .................................................................9
dkWy dk mÙkj nsuk vkSj lekIr djuk ...............................9
,d ls vf/kd dkWysa djuk ........................................... 10
3. ikB~; izfof"V ........................................................ 12
®
T9
ikB~; buiqV ................................................... 12
ijEijkxr ikB~; buiqV .............................................. 12
4. dkWy lwpuk ........................................................... 14
esy ckWDl ............................................................... 14
dkWy lwph ............................................................... 14
lsfVax ..................................................................... 15
usVodZ .................................................................... 16
dkWy vxzsf"kr djuk ................................................... 17
dkWy jks/ku .............................................................. 18
5. lUns'k ................................................................... 19
u;k ,e,e,l .......................................................... 19
u;k ,l,e,l ......................................................... 20
fo’k;&oLrq
buckWDl ................................................................. 20
vkmVckWDl .............................................................. 21
,l,e,l xi'ki ...................................................... 22
vfHkys[k ................................................................. 22
lsfVaXl ................................................................... 22
izlkj.k ,l,e,l ..................................................... 24
VsEIysV .................................................................... 24
6. lsfVax .................................................................... 25
/ofu;k¡ ................................................................... 25
izn'kZu .................................................................... 25
vU; lsfVax ............................................................. 26
gkWVdqfUt;k¡ .............................................................. 26
lqj{kk ..................................................................... 27
7. eYVhehfM;k ........................................................... 28
fp= ,Yce .............................................................. 28
/ofu ,Yce ............................................................. 28
eseksjh fLFkfr ............................................................ 29
8. vkWijsVj lsok,a ..................................................... 30
oSi ........................................................................ 30
dfM+;k¡ ................................................................... 32
9. [ksy ,oa vuqiz;ksx ................................................ 33
[ksy ,oa vuqiz;ksx esa miehuw ....................................... 33
3

tkok vuqiz;ksx ......................................................... 33
[ksy ....................................................................... 33
lsfVax ..................................................................... 35
10. oSi ..................................................................... 36
eq[;i`’B ................................................................. 36
i`’Bfpà ................................................................... 36
;wvkj,y ij tk,a ..................................................... 36
lsfVax ..................................................................... 37
iq'k buckWDl ............................................................ 37
fodYi .................................................................... 38
11. vuqiz;ksx ............................................................ 39
dSydqysVj ............................................................... 39
vykeZ ?kM+h .............................................................. 39
laxBd ................................................................... 40
12. irk iqfLrdk ....................................................... 41
irk iqfLrdk pquuk .................................................... 41
laidZ tksM+uk ............................................................ 41
laidZ laikfnr ,oa izcaf/kr djuk ................................... 41
fp= ,oa fpà .............................................................. 43
lko/kkfu;k¡ .................................................................. 44
nks"k&fuokj.k ............................................................... 48
fQfyIl izkekf.kd lgk;d midj.k ............................ 50
VªsMekdZ dFku ............................................................. 51
fof'k"V vo'kks"k.k nj tkudkjh varjkZ"Vªh; ekud...... 52
lhfer okjaVh .............................................................. 53
4
fo’k;&oLrq

1. ”kq#vkr
iz;ksx djus ls igys d`Ik;k ^^lko/kkfu;k¡** Hkkx esa lqj{kk funsZ
viuk Qksu iz;ksx djus ds fy,] vkidks vi us th,l,e vkWijsVj ;k foØsrk
}kjk iznku fd;k x;k ,d oS/k fle dkMZ Mkyuk gksxkA fle dkMZ esa vkidh
lsok laca/kh tkudkjh] vkidk eksckby VsyhQksu uEcj] vkSj ,d eseksjh
”kkfey gSa ftlesa vki Qksu uEcj vkSj lans”k jf{kr dj ldrs gSaA ¼vf/kd
tkudkjh gsrq] i``’B 41 ij ^^irk iqfLrdk** ns[ksa½A
fle dkMZ Mkyuk
fiNyk doj gVkuk
fle dkMZ Mkyus ds fy,] vkidks igys fiNyk doj gVkuk gksxkA doj gVkus
ds fy, cVu nck,a vkSj doj f[kldk,aA
”k
i<+saA
cSVjh fudkyuk
cSVjh fudkyus ds fy,] fupys ck,a dksus ls vkarfjd fDyi dks nckrs gq,
cSVjh dks Åij [khapsaA
Qksu pkyw jgus ij vkids }kjk cSVjh fudkyus ij vkidh laiw.kZ O;kfDrxr lsfVaXl
yqIr gks ldrh gSaA
fle dkMZ Mkyuk
fle dkMZ gksYMj dks mlds dCt+s ij mBk,a] fQj fle dkMZ dks fn, x,
LFkku esa j[ksaA ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysa fd dkMZ dk dVk gqvk dksuk lgh dksus
esa gks vkSj lqugjs lEidZ uhps dh vksj gksaA
”kq#vkr
5

dkMZ gksYMj dks ykWDM voLFkk esa can djsaA
cSVjh cnyuk
/kkrq ds laidksZa dks uhps j[krs gq,] cSVjh dks mlds LFkku esa #dus rd
f[kLkdk,aA fQj mls uhps nckrs gq, ykWd djsaA
fiNyk doj cnyuk
fiNys doj dks mlds LFkku esa #dus rd uhps dh vksj f[kLkdk,aA
Qksu iz;ksx djus ls igys LØhu ij yxh lqj{kkRed fQYe gVk,aA
6
”kq#vkr

Qksu pkyw djuk
Qksu pkyw djus ds fy,] ) dqUth dks nsj rd nck,aA vko';drk iM+us
ij fiu dksM MkysaA fiu dksM vkids fle dkMZ ds fy,
xqIr dksM gksrk gSA ;g iwoZfu/kkZfjr gksrk gS vkSj vkidks vkids vkWijsVj ;k
foØsrk }kjk crk;k tkrk gSA
;fn vki rhu ckj ,d xyr fiu dksM Mkyrs gSa] rks vkidk fle dkMZ
vo#) gks tk,xkA mldk vojks/ku gVkus ds fy,] vkidks vius vkWijsVj
ls ih;wds dksM izkIr djus gsrq fuosnu djuk gksxkA
vkids }kjk vius u, fle ds lkFk igyh ckj viuk Qksu pkyw djus ij]
vkidks vius Qksu dks oS;fDrd cukus ds fy, fuEu fØ;k ds fy, dgk
tk,xk%
vius eksckby dks
vuqdwyu Lohdkj djus ds fy, , nck,aA
vklkuh ls
vuqdwy cukuk
budfeax dkWyksa
ds fy, viuh
,
nck,aA /kquksa dh ,d lwph iznf'kZr gksrh gSA ftls
vki pkgrs gSa og pqusa vkSj iqu%
/kqu pquuk
4- ls 8- vadksa dk
,
nck,aA
viuk okWyisij
pquuk
viuh irk
iqfLrdk pquuk
¼fle ;k Qksu½
,
nck,aA fQj okWyisij ds fy,
pqusaA fp= Qkbyksa dh ,d lwph iznf'kZr gksrh gSA ftls
vki pkgrs gSa og pqusa vkSj iqu%
lfØ;
iznf'kZr gksrk gSA
,
nck,aA fQj
,
gSA
fle dkMZ esa
nck,aA fQj 'kCn
vuqdwyu laiUu
;k
vkWu
,
nck,aA 'kCn
Qksu esa
iznf'kZr gksrk
;k
pqusaA iqu%
vkWQ
cSVjh pktZ djuk
vkids Qksu dks ,d iqu% pktZ djus ;ksX; cSVjh }kjk ÅtkZ iznku dh tkrh
gSA ,d ubZ cSVjh vkaf”kd :i ls pktZ gksrh gS vkSj] cSVjh lrdZ
ij] cSVjh dk Lrj de gksus ij ,d vykeZ vkidks psrkouh nsxkA
cSVjh vkSj cSVjh dk doj okfil yxkus ds ckn vki Qksu dks pktZ dj
ldrs gSaA uhps n”kkZ, x, rjhds ds vuqlkj dusDVj yxk,aA fQj nwljs fljs
dks esu ,lh ikWoj lkWdsV ls tksM+saA
vkWu
gksus
”kq#vkr
7

cSVjh dk fpà pktZ dh voLFkk n'kkZrk gSA pkftZax ds nkSjku] pktZ ladsrd
LØkWy djsaxs( vkids eksckby Qksu dks iw.kZr% iqu% pktZ djus ds fy, yxHkx
2.5 ?kaVs yxsaxsA lHkh LØkWy ckj iw.kZr% cSVjh fLFkj gks tkus ij pktZ gks
tk,xhA fQj vki pktZj dks can dj ldrs gSaA
cSVjh iw.kZr% pktZ gksus ij pktZj dks eksckby ls yxk, j[kus ls cSVjh dks
dksbZ gkfu ugha gksxhA pktZj dks can djus dk ,dek= rjhdk mls gVkuk gS]
vr% vklku igq¡p okys fdlh , lh ikWoj lkWdsV dk iz;ksx djsaA vki pktZj
dks fdlh vkbZ-Vh- lIykbZ ls Hkh tksM+ ldrs gSaA
gkWVdqfUt;k¡ lsV djuk
dsoy la[;kRed dqUth dks nsj rd nckdj vius ilanhnk y{k.k rd igq¡pus
ds fy, vki la[;kRed dqfUt;ksa
dbZ gkWVdqUth “kkWVZdV iwoZ&fu/kkZfjr gSaA
2
ls 9
dks dkWfUQxj dj ldrs gSaA
8
”kq#vkr

2. eq[; fo“ks’krk,a
dkWy djuk
fuf"Ø; LØhu ls
1.
fuf"Ø; voLFkk esa] dqUthiVy }kjk Qksu uEcj MkysaA dksbZ =qfV lgh
djus ds fy,]
2.
uEcj Mk;y djus ds fy, ( nck,aA
3.
dkWy lekIr djus ds fy, ) nck,aA
varjkZ’Vªh; dkWy djus ds fy,] varjkZ’Vªh; iwoZyXu "+" izfo’V fd;k tkrk
gS] ftlds fy,
Qksucqd iz;ksx djuk
1.
fuf"Ø; voLFkk esa - nck,aA
2.
lwph ls ,d lEidZ pqusaA ;fn vki vkWucksMZ Qksucqd dk iz;ksx dj
jgs gksa vkSj pqfuank laidZ esa ,d ls vf/kd uacj gSa] rks izkFkfed
uacj Lor% gh pquk tk,xkA dksbZ vU; uacj pquus ds fy,]
nck,a ¼vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy, i`’B 41 ij ^^“irk iqfLrdk”**
ns[ksa½A
3.
pqfuank uacj Mk;y djus ds fy, ( nck,aA
4.
lekIr djus ds fy, ) nck,aA
c
nck,aA
*
dks nsj rd nck,aA
<
;k
dkWy dk mÙkj nsuk vkSj lekIr djuk
dksbZ dkWy izkIr gksus ij] dkWydrkZ }kjk viuh vkbZMh iznf'kZr djus ds pquko
ds vuqlkj] dkWydrkZ dk uEcj iznf”kZr gks ldrk gSA ;fn uEcj pqfuank
Qksucqd esa jf{kr fd;k x;k gS] rks uEcj ds cnys lac) uke iznf”kZr gksrk gSA
• dkWy dk mÙkj nsus ds fy,%
• dkWy vLohdkj djus ds fy,%
lfØ; gkssus ij] dkWy fdlh uacj ;k /ofuesy ij varfjr gks tk,xhA
• fjaxj dks ewd djus ds fy,%
fd, fcuk dsoy /ofu dks can djrk gSA
• dkWy lekIr djus ds fy,%
ekSu eksM esa gksus ij Qksu ugha ctsxkA
;fn vkius
fdlh Hkh dqath ls mÙkj nsa
dksbZ Hkh dqUth nckdj dkWy dk mÙkj ns ldrs gSaA
bZ;jihl dh /ofu fu;ksftr djuk
>
dkWy ds nkSjku] /ofu izcyrk c<+kus ;k ?kVkus ds fy, + ;k - usohxs'ku
dqfUt;k¡ nck,aA
(
nck,aA
)
nck,aA vkids }kjk
c
nck,aA ;g dkWy dks vLohdkj@Lohdkj
)
nck,aA
pquk gS] rks vki] ) dks NksM+dj]
dkWy vkxs djuk
eq[; fo“ks’krk,a
9

dkWy fodYi
dkWy ds nkSjku vki , dqUth nckdj fuEu fodYi ,Dlsl dj ldrs gSa%
ekSu
irk iqfLrdk
,l ,e ,l
dkWy lwph
O;oLFkkid
uksViSM
dkWy lekIr
dkWy /ofu can djus ds fy,A
irk iqfLrdk ij tkus ds fy,A
vkidks ,l,e,l vfHkysf[kr djus] u;k
,l,e,l Hkstus] vius budfeax ,l,e,l ns[kus]
vkSj viuk ,l,e,l vkmVckWDl ns[kus esa
lgk;rk djrk gSA
fiNyh vkmVxksbax vkSj budfeax dkWyksa dh lwph
,Dlsl djus ds fy,A
laxBd ij tkus ds fy,A
vkids }kjk izkIr dksbZ Qksu uacj izfo"V djus ds
fy, uksViSM dk iz;ksx djsaA ml uacj dks jf{kr
djus ds fy,A
dkWy lekIr djus ds fy,A
,d ls vf/kd dkWysa djuk
,d lkFk nks ;k vf/kd dkWysa ;k dkWUÝsUl dkWysa djuk vkids vkWijsVj
vkSj@vFkok lsok ij fuHkZj djrk gSA
nwljh dkWy djuk
fdlh lfØ; dkWy ;k gksYM ij dkWy ds nkSjku vki nwljh dkWy dj ldrs
gSaA Qksu ij ckr djrs gq,] dksbZ uacj Mk;y djsa ¼;k Qksucqd esa laidZ
pqusa½] vkSj
(
uhps Ánf”kZr gksrk gS½ vkSj nwljk uacj Mk;y fd;k tkrk gSA fQj vki
fodYi pquus ds fy,
•
•
•
nck,aA igyh dkWy gksYM dj nh tkrh gS ¼uacj LØhu ds
,
dkWy cnysa
nck ldrs gSa½A
LFkkukarj
dkWysa tksM+us ds fy,A LFkkukarj.k iw.kZ gksus ij vkidk laidZ
lekIr gks tkrk gSA
lEesyu
dkWydrkZ dks ,d dkWUÝsUl dkWy esa ykus ds fy,A
nck ldrs gSa ftuesa 'kkfey gSa%
dkWysa cnyus ds fy, ¼dkWysa cnyus ds fy, vki < ;k
nwljh dkWy dk mÙkj nsuk
vkids }kjk igys ls ckrphr tkjh jgus ij vxj nwljh dkWy vkrh gS] tks
Qksu ,d chi lrdZ nsrk gS vkSj LØhu ij
fQj vki%
(
nck,a dkWy dk mÙkj nsus ds fy, ¼igyh dkWy gksYM ij
)
nck,a dkWy vLohdkj djus ds fy,A
j[kh tkrh gS½A
nwljh dkWy izkIr djus gsrq] vkids }kjk okW;l dkWyksa ds fy, dkWy vkxs djsa
fuf’Ø; ¼vkSj dkWy izrh{kk lfØ; fd;k x;k gksuk pkfg,½A
dkWy izrh{kk
iznf'kZr gksrk gSA
>
10
eq[; fo“ks’krk,a

rhljh dkWy dk mÙkj nsuk
;fn vki dkWy esa gks vkSj ,d dkWy gksYM ij gks] rks vki rhljh dkWy Hkh
izkIr dj ldrs gSaA ,slk djus ds fy,] vkidks dksbZ ,d dkWy lekIr djuh
gksxh ;k u, dkWydrkZ dks ,d dkWUÝsUl esa ykuk gksxkA
)
nck,a dkWy vLohdkj djus ds fy,A
,
nck,a fodYi lwph [kksyus ds fy,A budfeax dkWy dk
mÙkj nsus ds fy, vki
dks lekIr djus ds fy, vki
ldrs gSa] fQj budfeax dkWy dk mÙkj nsaA
Lohdkj
] ;k orZeku dkWy
dkWy lekIr
pqu
;g lsok nks orZeku okrkZykiksa rd lhfer gS ¼,d lfØ; vkSj ,d gksYM ij½A
dkWUÝsUl dkWy
lsok ij fuHkZjA
,d dkWUÝsUl dkWy dbZ vkmVxksbax dkWysa djds ;k ,d fofo/k dkWy lanHkZ esa
lfØ; dh tkrh gSA ;g vkidks ,d lk Fk i k¡p yksxks a ls ckr djus esa lgk;rk
djrh gSA
1.
fdlh ds lkFk igyh dkWy djsa] fQj nwljh ¼Åij ns[ksa½A
2., nck,a vkSj
nksgjk,aA
3.
dkWUÝsUl ds fdlh lnL; dks gVkus ds fy,
dsoy bl lnL; ds lkFk O;fDrxr dkWy ds fy,
¼vU; lnL;ksa dks gksYM ij j[kk tkrk gS½A
4.
bu lHkh dkWyksa dks ,d lkFk lekIr djus ds fy, ) nck,aA
lEesyu
pqusaA ik¡p lnL;ksa ls laidZ gksus rd izfØ;k
lk>h gVk,a
O;fDrxr dkWy
pqusa] ;k
pqusa
;fn dkWUÝsUl dkWy ds nkSjku dksbZ budfeax dkWy gks vkSj ik¡p ls de lnL;
gksa] rks vki bl ubZ dkWy dks Lohdkj dj ldrs gSa vkSj bl lnL; dks
lEesyu
dkWy esa tksM+ ldrs gSa ¼;fn igys ls ik¡p lnL; laidZ esa gksa] rks
vki dkWy dk mÙkj ns ldrs gSa] ijUrq mls dkWUÝsUl esa ugha tksM+ ldrs½A
eq[; fo“ks’krk,a
11

3. ikB~; izfof"V
lEiknu LØhuksa esa nks fofHkUu rjhdksa ls ikB~; izfo"V fd;k tk ldrk gS%
®
T9
iwokZHkkl ikB~; buiqV ;k ijEijkxr ikB~; buiqV ds iz;ksx }kjkA bu
nks fof/k;ksa dk iz;ksx djus gsrq rduhdsa uhps of.kZr gSaA
T9® ikB~; buiqV
®
T9
iwokZHkkl ikB~; buiqV ,d eksckby Qksu esa ikB~;
izfo’V djus gsrq ,d cqf)eÙkkiw.kZ laiknu voLFkk gSA ;g
Tegic Euro. Pat.
App. 0842463
vkidks gj vko”;d v{kj dh ln`”k dqUth dks dsoy ,d ckj nckuk gksxk
vkSj vkids }kjk iz;qDr dqfUt;ksa ds vk/kj ij
dbZ ”kCn miyC/k gksus ij] lwph esa igyk 'kCn iznf'kZr vkSj gkbZykbV fd;k
tkrk gSA lwph czkmt+ djus ds fy,
fy,
bls dSls iz;ksx djsa\
izR;sd dqUth }kjk n”kkZ, tkus okys v{kj vkSj fpà bl izdkj gSa%
2
+
;k
>
C
vkids }kjk nckbZ xbZ dqfUt;ksa ds vk/kj ij vkids bfPNr
'kCn dks vuqekfur dj vkidks vf/kd rhozrk ls ikB~;
izfo"V djus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA dksbZ ”kCn cukus ds fy,
+
,
ls
nck,aA
9
v{kj izfo"V djus ds fy,A
-
laHkkfor ”kCnksa dh lwph czkmt+ djus ds fy,A
;k -nck,a vkSj 'kCn izfo’V djus ds
bl dqUth dks nck,a mlds ckn ,d [kkyh LFkku nsaA
cSdLisl gsrq y?kq nck,a] lEiw.kZ ikB~; gVkus ds fy, nsj
rd nck,aA
®
T9
,d 'kCn lq>krh gSA
0
#
*
v{kj dk vkdkj cnyus gsr — lkekU;] NksVs ;k cM+s
v{kjA
fpàksa ,oa fojkeksa dh rkfydk ns[kus gsrqA fQj 3
miyC/k rkfydkvksa dks czkmt+ djus gsrq<;k >nck,aA
®
T9
eksM ls ijEijkxr ikB~; buiqV ls la[;kRed
fof/k esa cnyus ds fy,A
mnkgj.k % ”kCn ^^gkse** dSls izfo"V djsa%
1.4 6 6 3 nck,aA LØhu lwph dk izFke v{kj iznf'kZr
djrh gS%
Good
2. LØkWy djus gsrq
3. ”kCn
A
+
nck,a vkSj
Home
Home
pqus tkus dh iqf"V djus ds fy, , ;k > nck,aA
pqusaA
ijEijkxr ikB~; buiqV
®
T9
ls ijEijkxr ikB~; buiqV esa tkus gsrq * nck,aA bl fof/k esa bfPNr
o.kZ rd igq¡pus esa ,d ls vf/kd dqfUt;k¡ nckus dh vko”;drk gksrh gS%
v{kj
^^h** dqUth
4
ds fy, mls nks ckj nckuk gksxkA ,d izfof’V feVkus gsrq
ij nwljk v{kj gS] vr% vkidks ^^h** izfo"V djus
C
dks y?kq nck,a]
lEiw.kZ ikB~; gVkus ds fy, nsj rd nck,aA
mnkgj.k % ”kCn ^^gkse** dSls izfo"V djsa %
4, 4 (GHI) 6, 6, 6 (MN
3 (DEF
) nck,aA lans”k iw.kZ gksus ij , nck,aA
v{kj] uacj vkSj fpà lkeus fn, x, fooj.k ds vuqlkj izR;sd dqUth ij
fLFkr gSaA
O), 6 (MNO), 3,
12
ikB~; izfof"V

y?kq nck,a nsj rd nck,a
fjDr LFkku 1. , @ / : ; " ’ ! ¡ ? ¿ # +
1
- * = % < > ( ) & £ $ ¥
2
a b c 2 à ä å æ ç 2
3
d e f 3 é è ∆ Φ 3
4
g h i 4 Γ ì4
5
j k l 5 Λ 5
6
m n o 6 ñ ò ö 6
7
p q r s 7 β Π Θ Σ 7
8
t u v 8 ü ù 8
9
w x y z 9 ø Ω Ξ Ψ 9
v{kj dk vkdkj cnyus gsrq % lkekU;] NksVs
0
;k cM+s v{kjA
fpàksa ,oa fojkeksa dh rkfydk [kksyus gsrqA
fQj
#
*
3 miyC/k rkfydkvksa dks czkmt+ djus
gsrq
<
;k > nck,aA
eksM cnyus gsrq % T9®] ijEijkxr ;k
la[;kRedA
1
0
ikB~; laLdj.k
gsrq iz;ksx gksus
okyh Hkk’kk cnyrk
gS
eksM Hkh cnyrk gS
ikB~; izfof"V
13

4. dkWy lwpuk
bl Hkkx esa of.kZr ehuw vkids eksckby Qksu }kjk dkWysa ,oa lacaf/kr ewY;
izcaf/kr djus dh fof/k dks izcaf/kr djus gsrq iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSaA
esy ckWDl
;g ehuw vkidks ,d /ofuesy uacj tksM+us ;k laikfnr djus esa lgk;rk
djrk gSSA
1.
fuf"Ø; voLFkk esa] eq[; ehuw esa izos'k djus gsrq , nck,aA
2.
dkWy lwpuk
>
esyckWDl
nck,aA
pqusa vkSj fodYi ,Dlsl djus gsrq
u;k /ofuesy uacj tksM+uk
1.
u;k /ofuesy uacj tksM+us ds fy, <u;k> pqusa vkSj , nck,aA
2.
,d
uke Mkysa
lgk;rk gsrq buiqV LØhu iznf'kZr gksrh gSA iw.kZ gksus ij
nck,aA
3.
,d
gsrq buiqV LØhu iznf'kZr gksrh gSA iw.kZ gksus ij
4.
vkidks uacj dk izdkj pquus esa lgk;rk gsrq
iznf'kZr gksrh gSA fodYi gksaxs
djsa vkSj
5. u;k /ofuesy uacj jf{kr fd;k tkrk gSA
% vkidks /ofuesy uacj ds fy, uke buiqV djus esa
uacj Mkysa
% vkidks /ofuesy dk uacj izfo"V djus esa lge;rk
Qksu] QSDl
,
nck,aA
] vkSj
,
uacj izdkj
MkVk
,
,
nck,aA
LØhu
A viuk p;u
ekStwnk /ofuesy uacj laikfnr djuk
,d ekStwnk /ofuesy uacj laikfnr djus gsrq] uacj pqusa vkSj , nck,aA
uke] uacj vkSj /ofuesy uacj dk izdkj iznf'kZr djus okyh ,d LØhu
iznf'kZr gksrh gSA iqu%
esyckWDl LØhu iznf'kZr gksrh gS%
feVk,a
cnysa
,
nck,aA fuEu fodYi ,Dlsl djus ds fy, ,d
vkidks /ofuesy uacj feVkus esa lgk;rk
djrk gSA
vkidks /ofuesy uacj cnyus esa lgk;rk djrk
gSA
dkWy lwph
;g ehuw vkidks
lwph iznku djrk lcls Åij vR;ar gky dh dkWy ds lkFk os dkykuqØfed
<ax ls iznf'kZr gksrh gSaA fe= vkids laidksZa esa jf{kr gksus ij] jf{kr uke
iznf'kZr gksrk gSA
1.
2.
lHkh dkWysa
] NwVh dkWysa]
izkIr dkWysa
] vkSj
tkus okyh dkWysa
fuf"Ø; voLFkk esa] eq[; ehuw esa izos'k djus gsrq , nck,aA
dkWy lwpuk
>
dkWy lwph
djus gsrq
,
vki fiNys ehuw esa okfil tkus ds fy,
pqusa vkSj lHkh dkWyksa dh lwph iznf'kZr
nck,aA
C
dqUth nck ldrs gSaA
dkWy iquMkZ;y djuk
dkWy lwph esa igys ls ekStwn fdlh uacj dks iquMkZ;y djus ds fy,] dsoy
uacj pqusa] vkSj uacj iquMkZ;y djus gsrq
(
nck,aA
dh
14
dkWy lwpuk

fodYi ,Dlsl djuk
fodYi ,Dlsl djus ds fy, , dqUth nck,a%
lans'k Hkstsa
o`Ùkkar
dkWy
feVk,a
iqu% lsV
vkidks lwph esa fn, x, uacj dks ,l,e,l ;k
,e,e,l Hkstus dh vuqefr nsrk gSA
>
u;k ,l ,e ,l
,e ,l
bl dkWy dh frfFk ,oa le; dk C;kSjk iznku djus
gsrqA
pqfuank uacj dks dkWy djus gsrqA
pqfuank dkWy feVkus gsrqA
,d lkFk iwjh lwph dks iqu% lsV djus vkSj lHkh
lwphc) dkWysa feVkus gsrqA
pqusaA
;k
lans'k Hkst
lans'k Hkstsa
sa >
u;k ,e
lsfVax
;g ehuw vkidks dkWfyax laca/kh lHkh fodYiksa dks lsV djus esa lgk;rk iznku
djrk gS% dkWy varj.k] dkWy izrh{kk] vkfnA
feuV lrdZ
vkidks dkWy ds nkSjku chi ctuk
vkWu
;k
vkWQ
djus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
dkWy izrh{kk
vkidks nwljh budfeax dkWy dh lwpuk
djrk gSA ;g fodYi lfØ; gksus ij] vkids }kjk igys ls dh tk jgh dkWy
ds nkSjku fdlh }kjk dkWy dk iz;kl fd, tkus ij vkidks ,d chi lqukbZ
vkWu
;k
vkWQ
djus esa lgk;rk
nsxhA ;g tkuus ds fy, fd dkWy izrh{kk fo'ks"krk lfØ; gS ;k ugha
fodYi pqusaA
fLFkfr
Lor% iquMkZ;y
vkidks fdlh uacj gsrq Lopkfyr iquMkZ;y
djrk gSA
vkWu
gks] rks ,d lQy laidZ LFkkfir gksus ;k iz;klksa dh vf/kdre la[;k
iw.kZ gksus rd vkidk Qksu Lor% gh uacj dks iquMkZ;y djrk jgsxkA izR;sd
iz;kl ds vkjaHk esa Qksu chi djrk gS vkSj laidZ lQy gksus ij ,d fo'ks’k
chi djrk gSA izR;sd iz;kl ds lkFk iquMkZ;yksa ds chp le; c<+rk gSA
gksus ij] ;fn vkids }kjk dkWy fd;k tkus okyk O;fDr O;Lr
vkWu
;k
vkWQ
djus esa lgk;rk
¼10½
x.kd
ewY; vkSj vkidh budfeax vkSj vkmVxksbax dkWyksa dh vof/k fu;af=r djus
gsrq bl fo'ks"krk dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA fodYi gSa]
vof/k fjlsV djsa
A
dqy vof/k
vkSj
dkWydrkZ vkbZMh
vius fe= dks viuh igpku ¼;kfu] vkidk Qksu uacj½
voLFkk
vkidks lwfpr djsxk fd dkSulk fodYi lfØ; gSA
fn[kk,a
;k
fNik,a
usVodZ
;g ehuw vkidks tkudkjh ¼tSls ,l,e,l] ,e,e,l] vkfn½ izkIr ;k izsf"kr
djus gsrq usVodZ ls laidZ LFkkfir djus esa lgk;rk djrk gSA
viu s Q k su vkWijsV j d s usVodZ ij th i h v kj,l miyC/ k r k dh laiw.kZ t k u d kjh
vkSj ,d mi;qDr lsok ds fy, mlls laidZ djsaA vkids fy,] bl Hkkx esa
of.kZr ehuw ds iz;ksx }kjk] vius Qksu dks vius thihvkj,l vkWijsVj }kjk
iznku dh xbZ lsfVax ls la:fir djuk vko';d gks ldrk gSA fQj iz;ksx
A
dkWy lwpuk
15

fd, tkus okys izR;sd vuqiz;ksx ¼tSls oSi] ,e,e,l] vkfn½ ds ehuw esa
/kkjd ¼th,l,e ;k thihvkj,l½ pqusaA
izkFkfed fyLV
;g ehuw vkidks izkFkfedrk ds Øe esa ,d usVodZ lwph cukus esa lgk;rk
djrk gSA ,d ckj fu/kkZfjr djus ij] vkidh izkFkfedrkvksa ds vuqlkj]
Qksu usVodZ ij iathd`r gksus dk iz;kl djsxkA
iqu% iathdj.k djuk
gLrpkfyr eksM pquus ij vkidks {ks= esa miyC/k usVodZ dh lwph iznku
djrk gSA ftl usVodZ es vki iathd`r gksuk pkgrs gSa og pqusa vkSj iqf"V
djus gsrq
,
nck,aA
,Dlsl lsfVax
;g ehuw vkidks fofHkUu MkVk izksQkby cukus esa enn djrk gS tks fofHkUu
lsokvksa ls laidZ djus gsrq iz;ksx fd, tk ldrs gSa % tSls] oSi iz;ksx djrs
le; ;k ,e,e,l lans'k Hkstrs gq,] th,l,e ;k thihvkj,l usVodZ ls
laidZ LFkkfir djus gsrq pqfuank izksQkby dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xkA
uhps of.kZr fodYi vkWijsVj vkSj@vFkok lsok ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA laidksZa ds
nkSjku =qfV lans'k eq[;r% vuqfpr iSjkehVj ds dkj.k gksrs gSa% igyh ckj
iz;ksx djus ls igys] mfpr lsfVax] dqN ekeyksa esa tks vki ,l,e,l }kjk
izkIr dj ldrs gSa] izkIr djus gsrq] vius vkWijsVj ls laidZ djsaA iqu%
izksxzkfeax vkSj iquukZeu jksdrs gq,] dqN iwoZ&la:fir izksQkby vo#) gks
ldrs gSaA
lwph esa ,d vkbVe pqusa vkSj fuEu fodYi ,Dlsl djus gsrq
fn[kk,a
pqfuank izksQkby ds lHkh iSjkehVj iznf'kZr djus
gsrqA
,
nck,a%
uke cnysa
GSM
lsfVax th,l,e lsfVax cnyus gsrq%
GPRS
lsfVax thihvkj,l lsfVax cnyus gsrq%
pqfuank izksQkby dks iquukZfer djus ds fy,A
• ykWfxu vkSj ikloMZ,
• laidZ LFkkfir djus gsrq
vkids vkWijsVj }kjk iznku fd;k x;k
(vkbZ,lMh,u ;k ,ukykWx),
• fuf’Ø;rk le;]
eku ftlds ckn Qksu dk laidZ Lor% lekIr
gks tk,xk ¼vxj dksbZ laidZ igys ls pkyw
Fkk½A
• ykWx bu, ikloMZ, fuf’Ø;rk le;
• ,ih,u ehuw vkidks ml ckgjh MkVk usVodZ dk
irk] laidZ LFkkfir djus gsrq ,d ikB~; fLVªax]
izfo’V djus esa enn djrk gS] ftlls vki
tqM+uk pkgrs gSaA
vko';d Qksu uacj
30 lsd.M ls vf/kd dksbZ
thihvkj,l laidZ
;g ehuw vkidks vius Qksu dk thihvkj,l lsok ls tqM+us dk rjhdk
fu/kkZfjr djus esa enn djrk gSA
ges'kk pkyw vkidk Qksu Lor% gh thihvkj,l lsok ¼;fn
miyC/k gks½ ls tqM+ tkrk gSA ;g fodYi
thihvkj,l dh fo'ks’krkvksa rd rhoz ,Dlsl
iznku djrk gS] ijUrq ÅtkZ dh [kir c<+k nsrk gSA
16
dkWy lwpuk