Model No.PHT-2000
Instruction Manual
(201)933-6300
www.phase2plus.com
* Precision Measuring Tools * Indexing Fixtures * Workholding Fixtures *
* Hardness Testers * Ultrasonic Thickness * Surface Finish * Coating Thickness *
2. Functions of the Phase II PHT-2000 Hardness Tester
Phase II PHT-2000 is an advanced, integrated hardness tester that provides high accuracy
and simplicity of operation throughout a wide measuring range. It is suitable for testing
the hardness of ordinary metals and is widely applied in many industries including the
petroleum, chemical, industrial machining and electric power industries, etc.
2.1 Typical Applications
Typical hardness testing applications of the PHT-2000 include:
• Inspection of installed machinery, permanent parts of assembled systems and heavy
workpieces
• Inspection of the moulding surface of a die
• Analysis of pressure vessels, turbo generator sets, etc.
• Inspection of bearing and other mass produced parts on a production line
• Obtaining original records of test data
2.2 Technical Data
• Display error ±0.8% at LD=900
(Value display – Value actual x 100)
Value Actual
• Relative repetitive display error 0.8% at LD=900
(Value max – Value min. x 100) = Error
Value Average
2.3 Available Functions
• Automatic identification of integrated impact device (D, DC, DL, D+15, C, G)
• Quick entry of a series of test numbers, test dates, sample material type and impact
direction via the keypad.
• Deletion of erroneous or incorrect previously stored test data.
• Display of the current test mode and its corresponding test data.
• User selectable display of test data in any hardness value (HL, HRC, HRB, HB, HV, HSD , δb)
• Low Battery Indicator
2.4 Measuring and Converting Ranges
Shown below are the impact devices, the corresponding measuring ranges for each (D, DC, DL,
D+15, C, G) and their allowable conversion ranges in terms of other static hardness values
(HRC, HRB, HB, HV, HSD) for different metals.
2
Impact Devices/Applications
D-Probe:
Universal standard unit. Will handle
the majority of hardness testing
applications. Weight: 75g
DC-Probe:
Very short impact device for those
confined areas, i.e. inside bores for
internal measurements. Conforms to
the D measuring range.
D+15 -Probe:
Very narrow contact area with a set back
measurement coil. This device is used to
measure hardness in grooves and
recessed surfaces.
C-Probe:
A reduced impact energy impact
device
lb.)
hardened components, coatings, thin wall
or impact sensitive components. Applies a
small superficial indentation.
(approximately ¼ of the D Type 2 ft-
for measuring the hardness of surface
Weight
Weight
: 50g
: 80g
Weight
: 75g
DL -Probe:
This model features a needle front
section with a diameter of 4mm and
a length of 50mm. It is suitable for
testing in extremely confined spaces,
the base of grooves and on special
components such as gear wheels.
For use on steel and cast steel only!
G-Probe:
This device has an
enlarged test tip,
and an increased
impact energy range
(approx. 9 times the
D, 72 ft-lb.). Can be
used on lower
quality finishes for
measuring hardness
in the Brinell range
only (max. 650 HB).
Designed to be used
with heavy
components such as
heavy castings and
forgings.
Weight
: 250g
3
Table 2: Impact Device – D, DC Measuring Range LD:200-900
Material HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel 17.9-68.5 59.6-99.5 93-651 83-976 32.2-99.5
C.W. Tool Steel 20.4-67.1 80-898
Gray Cast Iron 93-334
Nodular Cast Iron 131-387
Cast Aluminum 30-159
Brass 13.5-95.3 40-173
Bronze 60-290
Copper 45-315
Table 3: Impact Device – D+15, Measuring Range LD+15: 300-900
Material HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel & Cast St. 19.3-67.9 80-638 80-937 33.3-99.3
Table 4: Impact Device – C, Measuring Range LC: 350-950
Material HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel & Cast St. 20.0-69.5 80-683 80-996 31.9-99.6
Table 5: Impact Device – G, Measuring Range LG: 300-750
Material HRC HRB HB HV HSD
Steel & Cast St. 47.7-99.9 90-646
Gray Cast Iron 92-326
Nodular Cast Iron 127-364
4
3. Leeb Measuring Method
3.1 History
The Leeb measuring method was first brought into measurement technology in 1978.
It is defined as the quotient of an impact body’s rebound velocity over its impact
velocity, multiplied by 1000. Harder materials produce a higher rebound velocity than
softer materials. For a specific group of material (e.g. steel, aluminum. etc.). Leeb
hardness value represents a direct relationship to its hardness properties. For ordinary
metal, conversion curves of hardness HL versus other standard static hardness (HB, HV,
HRC, etc.) are available, enabling you to convert HL into other hardness values.
3.2 Leeb Hardness Test (definition)
An impact body with a spherical test tip made of tungsten carbide is propelled against
the sample surface by a spring force and then rebounds back. At a distance of 1mm
from the sample surface, the impact and rebound velocity of the impact body are
measured by the following method: A permanent magnet embedded in the impact
body, when passing through the coil in its coil holder, induces in the coil an electric
voltage proportional to the velocities of the magnet. Leeb hardness is expressed by the
following formula:
HL = 1000 x (VB/VA)
Where: HL is Leeb Hardness
V
V
The voltage characteristic of output signal, when the impact body passes through the
induction coil is illustrated in the following figure:
is the rebound velocity of the impact body
B
is the impact velocity of the impact body
A
3.2 Leeb’s Hardness Tester (definition)
A Leeb’s Hardness Tester measures the hardness of sample material in terms of
Hardness Leeb (HL), which can be converted into other Hardness units (Rockwell B and
C, Vicker, Brinell and Shore D).
5
3.3 Notation of Leeb’s Hardness
• When measuring the hardness of a sample material using the traditional static
hardness testing method, a change of applied pressure will result in a change in
the hardness reading. This will also happen during a Leeb’s Hardness test when
you change the impact device. In measuring the hardness of the same test
sample with different impact devices, the Leeb’s hardness values obtained will
vary.
For Example: 720 HLD≠720 HLC
• Because different converting curves are obtained from different impact devices,
when converting hardness L into another hardness value the notation for the
converted hardness value should include the impact device used.
For example:
Hardness HV converted from hardness L using impact device D+15
Should be written as 22, 8 HV LD+15
Where: 22=hardness value HL
8=hardness value HV
L=Leeb’s Method
LD+15-impact device
Hardness HRC converted from hardness L using impact device D should be
written as 35, 9 HRCLD
Where: 35=hardness value HL
9=hardness value HRC
L=Leeb’s Method
D=Impact device
4. Pretreatment of Samples
4.1 Pretreatment of Sample Surface
To eliminate hardness errors resulting from the roughness of a sample’s surface when
using impact device D, DC or D+15, the test surface should be polished until its
roughness Ra is no more then 2µm. PHASE II SRG-1000 handheld surface roughness
tester or any other suitable instrument may be used to measure the surface roughness
of the sample material. The test surface should be clean and free from oil stains.
4.2 Curved Surface
When testing a curved surface with a radius of curvature R less than 1.2 in (30mm), a
special small support ring washer should be used to compensate the curvature.
6
4.3 Supporting a Test Sample
When using optional impact devices DC or D+15 (Impact energy=9ft/lbs), please refer
to the following support requirements:
• For test samples weighing over 11 lbs. (5 kg), no support is required.
• Samples having a cantilever or thin shell shape and weighing between 4.4 to 11
lbs. (2 to 5 kg) must be firmly coupled to bearing supports weighing over 11 lbs.
(5 kg) in order to prevent bending, deformation or displacement due to the
impact force.
• Test samples weighing less than 4.4 lbs. (2 kg) should be firmly coupled to a
support weighing over 11 lbs. (5 kg).
• The coupling surface between the sample and the support should be smooth.
• A moderate, non-excessive amount of coupling paste should be applied between
the coupling surfaces when testing thin cross section pieces with larger massed
support plates.
• The direction of impact should be perpendicular to the coupled surface.
• Minimum weight of a test sample should be 0.2 lbs. (100 g).
• Minimum thickness of a test sample should be 0.2 in (5 mm).
• Minimum depth of hardened layer should be 0.03 in (0.8 mm).
• The testing surface of the sample should be perpendicular to the impact
direction.
Note: The above restrictions referring to the rigidity of test samples can be decreased
when Type C (2ft/lbs) impact device is used as should be increased when Type G (72
ft/lbs.) is used.
4.4 Large Test Samples
When the test sample is a large plate, long bar or bent work piece, the impact force
can cause a deformation or instability when the impact device is released. This may
bring about an error in measurement, even if the weight or thickness of the test sample
seems applicable. In this case, a reinforcement should be attached to the back of the
sample surface opposite to the impact force.
4.5 Test Sample Properties
Requirements for a sample’s weight thickness and roughness differ for each impact
device, as shown in Table 8.
Table 8: Sample Requirements for Hardness Testers
Sample
Impact
Device
D, DC
D+15
G
C
Sample Weight(kg) Min. Thickness
(mm)
Needs
Support
Needs to
be
stabilized
No
strength-
eing
needed
Sample
Hardened
layer
ISO Ra Rz
0.05-2 2.5 >5 3 0.8 N7
0.5-5 5-15 >15 10 N
0.02-
0.05
0.5-
1.5
>1.5 1 0.2 N
9
5
Max. Roughness
(or Min. Fineness)
2µ 10µ ∇6
7µ 30µ ∇4
0.4µ 2.5µ ∇8
7
5. Keypad Functions
6. Operation of the Instrument
6.1 Power On/Off
Press any key EXCEPT C/M to power tester on.
The LCD will display the same settings that were previously set. If the display meets
your current testing requirements, you can start the test immediately. If not, you can
enter your required settings using the keypad.
POWER OFF
Press and hold C/M button for 2 seconds
6.2 Setting of all Parameters
•
Choosing an Impact Device
Press the button to go to the main menu. Use the button to scroll down to:
6. D/DC. Press the button to scroll through the impact devices. Press the When
the desired device is highlighted and this will return you to the main testing screen.
•
Choosing a hardness Scale
While in the main test screen, press the button to scroll through the available
Hardness Scales:
HL = Leeb
HRC = Rockwell C scale
HRB = Rockwell B scale
HB = Brinell scale
HV = Vickers scale
HSD = Shore D scale
δb = Tensile Strength
8
•
Selecting a Material
While in the main test screen, press the button to scroll through the available
Materials:
1. Steel and Cast Steel
2. Alloy Tool Steel
3. Stainless Steel
4. Grey Cast Iron
5. Nodular Cast Iron
6. Cast Aluminum
Alloy
7. Brass
8. Bronze
Corresponding Hardness Scales to Material that can be tested
HL
HRC
HRB
HB
HV
HSD
δb
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 X X X X X X
1 X 3 X X 6 7 X X
1 X 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 X X X X X X
1 2 X X X X X X X
1 2 X X X X X X X
•
Selecting the Back Light
While in the main test screen, press and hold the button for approx. 1 second to
turn on the first stage of the back light. Press and hold the button a second time for
1 second to bring the backlight up to the second brightest stage. Press and hold the
button for a third time to aquire the brightest back light.
To turn off the back light. Press and hold the
a fourth time.
•
While in the main test screen, press the
Obtaining an Average
button to scroll through the available
numbers of tests needed for unit to display an average. You can set the unit to display
the average from 1-5 tests by pushing the button and seeing the display on the
bottom right corner change from 1 though 5.
9
•
Entering Date & Time
Press the button to go to the main menu. Cursor automatically is on 1. Set Time.
Press the
parameter, press the Buttons. When complete, press the button to return to
the main testing screen.
•
Setting Memory Locations
The PHT-2000 automatically saves data in the memory. First test results will appear in
memory 0001 and will continue to save test results in progressive order. There is no
need to change any settings.
•
Memory Recall
While in the main test screen, press the button to go to main menu. Press the
button until you scroll down to 4. Display. Press the to enter the memory display.
Press the
Begin Testing:
6.3 Measuring Procedure
button to scroll through Year, Month Date and Time. To change any
or button to scroll through memory data.
Use standard test block to check your hardness tester prior to a hardness test.
(1) Loading
Press down the loading tube to lock the impact body. (Fig 9)
Figure 9: Loading the PHT-2000
←
10
(2) Placement
Place the support ring on the surface to be measured. The distance between two test
points should not be less than 0.1 in (3mm) (Fig 10).
Figure 10: Placement of Tester
(3) Starting
Press the release button on top of the unit while the work piece and tester is stable and
the starting force coincides with the axis of the impact device.
6.4 Additional Features
• Alteration of parameters including hardness value and type of sample material
can be performed during any measurement set. The output results of the
measurement set will conform to the newly modified setting. All the displayed
results from the current test set will follow the newly set parameters.
6.5 Trouble Shooting
• If the LDC screen continuously blinks, this may suggest a low battery voltage.
Simply turn off the power and change the batteries.
11
7 Maintenance and Repair
Avoid placing the PHT-2000 near locations where it can be exposed to shock, heavy
dust, dampness, oils or strong magnetic fields.
7.1 Impact Device
• Using the included brush, clean the guide tube and impact body after it has
performed 1000-2000 tests using the following procedure:
Screw off the support ring and take out the impact body.
Clean the tube by winding the brush counter-clockwise into the tube until it
reaches the bottom and then pull it out. Repeat this procedure 5-6 times.
Replace the impact body and support ring.
Release the impact spring after each test.
Never apply lubrication of any kind to impact body!
7.2 Repair
• When the tester is calibrated against the Rockwell standard test block and issues
could
a reading over 1 HRC, it
replaced.
• Upon coming across any functional problems not mentioned in this manual,
contact a Phase II Customer Service Representative at (201)933-6300.
•
• If the unit is opened, its warranty will automatically become void.
DO NOT open the PHT-2000 or dismount any of its fixed parts. This
precision instrument should only be serviced by a factory trained service
representative.
mean the carbide ball is worn out and should be
Thank you for choosing
as your supplier of quality measuring tools
12
ASTM Hardness
Round Correction Factors
Corrections to be added to test results in the following scales for various diameter parts
Corrections to be added to Rockwell C, A, and D values
Hardness Diameter of Convex Cylindrical Surfaces
Reading 1/4 inc 3/8 in 1/2 in 5/8 in 3/4 in 7/8 in 1 in 1-1/4 in 1-1/2 in
6.4 mm 10 mm 13 mm 16 mm 19 mm 22 mm 25 mm 32 mm 38 mm
20 6.0 4.5 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0
25 5.5 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0
30 5.0 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5
35 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5
40 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5
45 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5
50 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
55 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0
60 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0
65 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0
70 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0
75 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0
80 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0
85 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corrections to be added to Rockwell B, F, and G values
Hardness Diameters of Convex Cylindrical Surfaces
Reading 1/4 in 3/8 in 1/2 in 5/8 in 3/4 in 7/8 in 1 in
6.4 mm 10mm 13mm 16 mm 19 mm 22 mm 25 mm
0 12.5 8.5 6.5 5.5 4.5 3.5 3.0
10 12.0 8.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.5 3.0
20 11.0 7.5 5.5 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0
30 10.0 6.5 5.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 2.5
40 9.0 6.0 4.5 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.5
50 8.0 5.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
60 7.0 5.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0
70 6.0 4.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.5
80 5.0 3.5 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
90 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0
100 3.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.5
When testing cylindrical specimens, the accuracy of the test will be seriously affected by alignment of elevating screw, Veeanvil, indenters, surface finish, and the straightness of the cylinder. These corrections are approximate only and represent the
averages, to the nearest 0.5. Rockwell and Rockwell superficial numbers, of numerous actual observations.
The above tables are from ASTM E 18
Reprinted from the Annual Book of STM Standards, copyright American Society for Testing and Materials.
100 Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken , PA 19428-2959
2
ASTM Hardness Conversion Chart
Rockwell C Hardness Range
Approximate Hardness Conversion Numbers for Non-Austenitic Steels, According to ASTM E-140
The Conversion Values contained herein should be considered approximate only and may be inaccurate for specific applications
C A D 15N 30N 45N Vickers Knoop Brinell Tensile
150 kgt 60 kgt 100kgt 15kgt 30 kgt 45 kgt Hardness Hardness Hardness Strength
diamond diamond diamond diamond diamond diamond 500gr 3000kgt 1000 lbs/
and over 10mm ball square in
68 85.6 76.9 93.2 84.4 75.4 940 920 .. ..
67 85.0 76.1 92.9 83.6 74.2 900 895 .. ..
66 84.5 75.4 92.5 82.8 73.3 865 870 .. ..
65 83.9 74.5 92.2 81.9 72.0 832 846 (739)
64 83.4 73.8 91.8 81.1 71.0 800 822 (722)
63 82.8 73.0 91.4 80.1 69.9 772 799 (705)
62 82.3 72.2 91.1 79.3 68.8 745 776 (688)
61 81.8 71.5 90.7 78.4 67.7 720 754 (670)
60 81.2 70.7 90.2 77.5 66.6 697 732 (654)
59 80.7 69.9 89.8 76.6 65.5 674 710 (634) 351
58 80.1 69.2 89.3 75.7 64.3 653 690 615 338
57 79.6 68.5 88.9 74.8 63.2 633 670 595 325
56 79.0 67.7 88.3 73.9 62.0 613 650 577 313
55 78.5 66.9 87.9 73.0 60.9 595 630 560 301
54 78.0 66.1 87.4 72.0 59.8 577 612 543 292
53 77.4 65.4 86.9 71.2 58.6 560 594 525 283
52 76.8 64.6 84.4 70.2 57.4 544 576 512 273
51 76.3 63.8 85.9 69.4 56.1 528 558 496 264
50 75.9 63.1 85.5 68.5 55.0 513 542 481 255
49 75.2 62.1 85.0 67.6 53.8 498 526 469 246
48 74.7 61.4 84.6 66.7 52.5 484 510 455 237
47 74.1 60.8 83.9 65.8 51.4 471 495 443 229
46 73.6 60 83.5 64.8 50.3 458 480 432 221
45 73.1 59.2 83.0 64.0 49.0 446 466 421 215
44 72.5 58.5 82.5 63.1 47.8 434 452 409 208
43 72.0 57.7 82.0 62.2 46.7 423 438 400 201
42 71.5 56.9 81.5 61.3 45.5 412 426 390 195
41 70.9 56.2 80.9 60.4 44.3 402 414 381 188
40 70.4 55.4 80.4 59.5 43.1 392 402 371 182
39 69.9 54.6 79.9 58.6 41.9 382 391 362 177
38 69.4 53.8 79.4 57.7 40.8 372 380 353 171
37 58.9 53.1 78.8 56.8 39.6 363 370 344 166
36 68.4 52.3 78.3 55.9 38.4 354 360 336 161
35 67.9 51.5 77.7 55.0 37.2 345 351 327 156
34 67.4 50.8 77.2 54.2 36.1 336 342 319 152
33 66.8 50.0 76.6 53.3 34.9 327 334 311 149
32 66.3 49.2 76.1 52.1 33.7 318 326 301 146
31 65.8 48.4 75.6 51.3 32.5 310 318 294 141
30 65.3 47.7 75.0 50.4 31.3 302 311 286 138
29 64.8 47.0 74.5 49.5 30.1 294 304 279 135
28 64.3 46.1 73.9 48.6 28.9 286 297 271 131
27 63.8 45.2 73.3 47.7 27.8 279 290 264 128
26 63.3 44.6 72.8 46.8 26.7 272 284 258 125
25 62.8 43.8 72.2 45.9 25.5 266 278 253 123
24 62.4 43.1 71.6 45.0 24.3 260 272 247 119
23 62.0 42.1 71.0 44.0 23.1 254 266 243 117
22 61.5 41.6 70.5 43.2 22.0 248 261 237 115
21 61.0 40.9 69.9 42.3 20.7 243 256 231 112
20 60.5 40.1 69.4 41.5 19.6 238 251 226 110
Hardness values in Brackets are outside the range recommended for Brinell testing in ASTM E-10.
The above tables is from ASTM E-110 except values for E-scale and Tensile Strength which are not from or according to
ASTM Standards.
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Copyright American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.
3
ASTM Hardness Conversion Chart
Rockwell B Hardness Range
Approximate Hardness Conversion Numbers for Non-Austenitic Steels, according to ASTM E-140
The conversion values contained herein should be considered approximate only and may be inaccurate for
Specific applications.
Rockwell Superficial Rockwell Vickers Knoop Brinell Tensile Brinelll
B A E 15T 30T 45T Hardness Hardness Hardness Strength Hardness
100kgf 60 kgf 100 kgf 15 kgf 30 kgf 45 kg f 500gf 3000 kgf 1000 lbs/ 500 kgf
1/16"ball diamond 1/8" ball 1/16" ball 1/16"ball 1/16" ball and over 10mm ball square in 10mm ball
100 61.5 93.1 83.1 72.9 240 261 240 116 201
99 60.9 82.8 82.5 71.9 234 246 234 114 195
98 602 92.5 81.8 709 228 241 228 109 189
97 59.5 92.1 81.1 699 222 236 222 105 184
96 58.9 91.8 80.4 689 216 231 216 102 179
95 58.3 91.5 79.8 67.9 210 226 210 100 175
94 57.6 91.2 79.1 669 205 221 205 98 171
93 57 90.8 784 659 200 216 200 94 167
92 56.4 90.5 77.8 64.8 195 211 195 92 163
91 55.8 90.2 77.1 63.8 190 206 190 90 160
90 55.2 89.9 76.4 62.8 186 201 186 89 157
89 54.6 89.5 76.8 61.8 180 196 180 88 164
88 64.0 89.2 75.1 60.8 176 192 176 86 151
87 53.4 88.9 74.4 59.8 172 188 172 84 148
86 52.8 88.6 73.8 58.8 169 184 169 83 145
85 52.3 88.2 73.1 57.8 165 180 165 82 142
84 51.7 87.9 72.4 56.8 162 176 162 81 140
83 51.1 87.6 71.8 55.8 159 173 159 80 137
82 50.6 87.3 71.1 54.8 156 170 156 76 135
81 50 86.9 70.4 53.8 153 167 153 73 133
80 49.5 86.6 69.7 52.8 150 164 150 72 130
79 48.9 86.3 69.1 51.8 147 161 147 70 128
78 48.4 86.0 68.4 50.8 144 158 144 69 126
77 47.9 85.6 67.7 49.8 141 155 141 68 124
76 47.3 85.3 67.1 48.8 139 152 139 67 122
75 46.8 86.0 66.4 47.8 137 150 137 66 120
74 46.3 84.7 65.7 46.8 135 147 135 66 118
73 45.8 84.3 65.1 45.8 132 145 132 64 116
72 45.3 84.0 64.4 44.8 130 143 130 63 114
71 44.8 100 83.7 63.7 43.8 127 141 127 62 112
70 44.3 99.5 83.4 63.1 42.8 125 139 125 61 110
69 43.8 99.0 83.0 62.4 41.8 123 137 123 60 109
68 43.3 98.0 82.7 61.7 40.8 121 135 121 59 108
67 42.8 97.5 82.4 61 39.8 119 133 119 58 106
66 42.3 97.0 82.1 60.4 38.7 117 131 117 57 104
65 41.8 96.0 81.8 59.7 37.7 116 129 116 56 102
64 41.4 95.5 81.4 59 36.7 114 127 114 100
63 40.9 95.0 81.1 58.4 35.7 112 125 112 99
62 40.4 94.5 80.8 57.7 34.7 110 124 110 98
61 40.0 93.5 80.5 57.0 33.7 108 122 108 96
60 39.5 93.0 80.1 56.4 32.7 107 120 107 95
59 39.0 92.5 79.8 55.7 31.7 106 118 106 94
58 38.6 92.0 79.5 55 30.7 104 117 104 92
57 38.1 91.0 79.2 54.4 2.97 103 115 103 91
56 37.7 90.6 78.8 53.7 28.7 101 114 101 90
55 37.2 90.0 78.6 53.0 27.7 100 112 100 89
54 36.8 89.5 78.2 52.4 26.7 111 87
53 36.3 89.0 77.9 51.7 26.7 110 86
52 35.9 88.0 77.5 51.0 24.7 109 85
51 35.5 87.6 77.2 50.3 23.7 108 84
50 35.0 87.0 76.9 49.7 22.7 107 83
49 34.6 86.5 76.6 49.0 21.7 106 82
4
48 34.1 85.5 76.2 48.3 20.7 105 81
47 33.7 85 75.9 47.7 19.7 104 80
46 33.3 84.6 76.6 47.0 18.7 103 80
45 32.9 84 76.3 46.3 17.7 102 79
44 32.4 83.5 74.9 45.7 16.7 101 78
43 32.0 82.5 74.6 45.0 15.7 100 77
42 31.6 82 74.3 44.3 14.7 99 76
41 31.2 81.5 74.0 43.7 13.6 98 75
40 30.7 81 73.6 43.0 12.6 97 75
39 30.3 80 73.3 42.3 11.6 96 74
38 29.9 79.5 73.0 41.6 10.6 95 73
37 29.5 79 72.7 41.0 9.6 94 72
36 29.1 78.5 72.3 40.3 8.6 93 72
35 28.7 78.0 72.0 39.6 7.6 92 71
34 28.2 77.0 71.7 39.0 6.6 91 70
33 27.8 76.6 71.4 38.3 5.6 90 69
32 27.4 76.0 71.0 37.6 4.6 89 69
31 27.0 75.5 70.7 37.0 3.6 88 68
30 26.6 75.0 70.4 36.3 2.6 87 67
Hardness values in brackets are outside the range recommended for Brinell testing in ASTM E-10.
The above table is from ASTM E-110 except values for E-scale and Tensile Strength which are not from or according to ASTM
Standards.
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, copyright American Society for Testing and Materials.
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ASTM Hardness
Minimum Thickness Requirements
Minimum allowable thickness for a corresponding hardness in the respective scales
Minimum Minimum
thickness thickness
in. mm
0.006 0.15 92
0.008 0.20 90
0.010 0.25 88 91
0.012 0.30 83 82 77 86
0.014 0.36 76 78.5 74 81 80
0.016 0.41 86 68 74 72 75 72 71
0.018 0.46 84 66 68 68 64 62
0.020 0.51 82 57 63 55 53
0.022 0.56 69 79 47 58 45 43
0.024 0.61 67 76 94 51 34 31
0.026 0.66 65 71 87 37 18
0.028 0.71 62 67 80 20 4
0.030 0.76 57 60 71
0.032 0.81 52 62
0.034 0.86 45 52
0.036 0.91 37 40
0.038 0.96 28 28
0.040 1.02 20
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, copyright American Society for Testing and Materials.
-
Rockwell - - - Superficial Rockwell
C A B 15N 30N 45N 15T 30T 45T
The above tables are from ASTM E 18.
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