This technical bulletin includes general
information about Penberthy Automatic
Injectors plus specific details for individual unit selection. Used primarily as
boiler feed pumps, Penberthy Automatic
Injectors are used in numerous other
applications for pumping liquids and discharging at high pressure and temperature.
Section 1000
Bulletin 1500
Issued 6/87
Re
laces 9/77
The Injector
r
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
www.jrgjt.com
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
sales@jrgjt.com
The Injector may be defined as a boiler feeding pump,
utilizing the velocity and condensation of a jet of steam
from the boiler to lift and force into the same boiler a jet
o water many times the weight of the original jet of
steam.
Although they are generally considered as boiler feed
pumps, injectors are also often used on other applications where hot water under high pressure is desired.
ADVANTAGES
The injector offers defin ite ad vantages over mechanically operated pumps when cold water
make-up is used to feed boilers. Some of these
advantages are:
Unit is compact, has no mechanically operated
3
parts and requires no foundation or floor space.
4
First cost and maintenance are low.
Warm water is fed into the boiler without the
1
necessity of preheating the water.
Operating steam is condensed and returned to the
5
boiler resulting in a thermal efficiency of nearly
100%.
It is not dependent upon an outside source of
2
power.
6
Dependable in operation.
Operating Principle of Penberthy Automatic Injectors
When steam supply valve is opened, steam passes
through steam jet into suction chamber, proceeds
through suction jet and out of the overflow. Steam,
which attains a velocity of approximately 2500 ft per
second as it leaves the steam jet, entrains the air in
suction chamber and creates a vacuum.
The vacuum created in suction chambe
begins to draw in water from supply line.
The water is now entrained by the steam
and a high velocity mixture of water and
steam passes through the suction jet and
out of the overflow.
2
The Company
p
y
j
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
www.jrgjt.com
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
sales@jrgjt.com
Since its organization in 1886, the Penberthy Manufacturing Co.* has been well known as a leading
manufacturer of injectors. As a result of its superior
basic injector design, continued improvements in
performance, manufacturing methods and standard
of quality, Penberthy leadership in the injector field
has been universally recognized for many years.
Penberthy injectors and service parts may be
PENBERTHY AUTOMATIC INJECTORS
Automatic Restarting
All Penberthy injectors are of the automatic restarting type.
If the established flow of water from an injector to the boiler
is interrupted temporarily by t he admission of air into the
suction line or by a jolt causing the overflow valve to open,
the injector will automatically reestablish flow without the
necessity of regulating any valves.
Feeds Warm Water to Boiler
Penberthy injectors feed water into the boiler at a temperature of from 130°F to 212°F depending upon the steam pressure and temperature of the supply water. By throttling the
water supply line, feed water temperatures up to 212°F can
be obtained under most conditions of operation.
Design
Injectors are designed so as to give well-balanced operation
against the greatest possible range of steam pressure, water
tem
erature and suction lift and to maintain satisfactor
purchased from any one of the thousands of jobber
and dealer representatives in all principal cities and
countries of the world. Their knowledge of the various applications of the Penberthy injector, covering
many years of experience, assures prospective users
that they will obtain intelligent engineering sales
service.
performance for a long period of service. Designs are t he
result of years of experience with injector applications.
Injector connections have uni on tailpipes permitting quick
removal from the line.
all parts are easily removed for cleaning or replacement and
are precision made to assure interchangeability in the field.
Workmanship is highest quality. Years of manufacturing has
resulted in the training of skilled craftsmen and the development of advanced production methods.
Material
Injectors are of all bronze construction with special bronze
alloys being used for suction and delivery jets to resist wear.
Inspection and Testing
All injectors are tested at the factory on actual boiler installations, assuring that injectors will meet all performance claims
as specified for the various models.
When the amount of steam and water reach the proper
proportion, the steam gradually condenses as the mixture advances through injector. Upon reaching deliver
et parallel the mixture is fully condensed.
*Formerly Penberthy Injector Co.
The energy contained in the water passing through delivery jet is sufficient to
build up a pressure, greater than the boiler pressure, causing water to flow
through the discharge check valve into the boiler. When flow into the boiler is
established the overflow valve closes automatically and prevents the entrance
of air which would disrupt operation of injector. Total operating cycle requires
only a few seconds.
3
Applications
g
y
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
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NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
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Required Information
Injectors are installed as auxiliary equipment on pow er
boilers, package steam generators, locomotive boilers
and heating boilers that are required by many industries
such as:
Manufacturing Industries:
oil production and ref ining, agriculture, mining, lumber,
etc.
Service Industries:
izin
, dairies, laundries, public utilities, transportation,
Pressing and dry cleaning, vulcan-
Food processing, chemical,
Uses
Uses for injectors can be classified generally as follows:
Stand-by Boiler Feed Pump Service
Injectors provide boilers, which are already equipped
with mechanically operated boiler feed pumps, with a
reliable low cost secondary means of feed water supply.
Many boiler manufacturers supply Penberthy Injectors
as original equipment on their steam boilers.
Primary Boiler Feed Pump Service
Boilers not provided with mechanical feed water pumps
can depend upon injectors to function satisfactorily as
the sole source of feed water supply.
Preheating Make-up Water
On applications where the water supply pressure exceeds the boiler steam pressure, injectors may be used
to heat the water before injection into the boiler, avoiding
the disadvantage of cold water striking hot boiler surfaces.
Injecting Feed Water Treatment Compounds
Suitably diluted mixtures of boiler feed water treatment
compounds are picked up and injected into the boiler
without difficulty.
Injector can be properl y selected by c onsidering the
following facts relating to the operating conditions under
which the injectors will be required to work:
1. Lowest and hi ghest operating steam pressure carried by the boiler
2. Vertical distance that the supply water must be lifted,
if the water supply is below the injector, and the
horizontal distance from the water intake to the injector.
3. The supply water pressure if the water is taken from
the city mains or from elevated tanks.
4. The temperature of the supply water.
5. The maximum rate of evaporation of water from the
Capacity
The size of the injector to be selected depends principally upon the rate at which the boiler is called upon to
evaporate water. It should be chosen so that it will deliver at least 30% (preferably 50 to 100%) more water
than the expected maximum evaporation rate of boiler.
Catalog horsepower ratings are based upon supplying
approximately 75% more than the rate of evaporation of
a boiler operating at full rating, or between 7 and 8 gal lons per boiler horsepower. Ref erence to injector performance tables will indicate that the capacity of an injector will vary, depending upon the operating steam
pressure, suction lift, suction water temperature or a
combination of these conditions. Unless an injector is
already operating at limiting conditions, its capacity can
be reduced b
regulating the water supply line valve to
High Pressure and Temperature Water Supply
Injectors may be used as a source for obtaining a supply
of hot water under high pressure for washing floors,
containers, machine parts, etc. When used for this purpose the discharge nozzle must be sized to suit the
injector capacity. See page 10 for details of installation.
Selection of Injectors
Models or types of injectors are available from which to
select an injector that will operate satisfactorily and efficiently under vi rtually any f ield conditions that may be
encountered in steam plant practice with steam pressures up to 250 pounds per square inch.
Catalog Data
By referring to performance and dimensional information
given on t he following pages, the injector that will best
suit the capacity and operating conditions of the application can be readily selected and s pecified. In the event
of unusual operating conditions or doubt as to proper
selection, our engi neering department is available to
offer recommendations and suggestions.
4
PENBERTHY Standard INJECTORS
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TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
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NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
sales@jrgjt.com
FOR SUCTION LIFT APPLICATIONS
WITH STEAM PRESSURE
FROM 25 TO 140 PSI
SUITABLE FOR STEAM PRESSURES
UP TO 250 PSI WITH
WATER PRESSURE SUPPLY
Penberthy Standard Injectors are available in two body styles and
8 sizes with screwed connections from 3/8” to 2 1/2” pipe size,
having capacities as given in performance tables on page 6. They
are designed to meet the requirements of most applications and
will operate satisfactorily within the following range of operating
conditions:
Suction Lift Applications
STOCK MODEL
SUCTION LEFT – DELIVERY BACK
SUCTION FRONT
DELIVERY BACK
Start Low: 25 psi steam pressure with 3 ft lift and 74°F water
Work High: up to 140 psi steam pressure with 3 ft lift and 74°F
water
Lift Water: 20 ft at 60 to 80 psi steam pressure with 74°F water
Maximum temperature of Suction Water: 3 ft lift and steam pressures as follows:
120°F at 60 to 80 psi
115° at 100 psi
105°F at 120 psi
90°F at 140 psi
Water Pressure
Supply Applications
When water under pressure is connected directly to the injector
suction, Penberthy Standard Injectors can be operat ed at steam
pressures up to 250 psi. At steam pressures of 100 psi or more,
capacities are substantially increased and w ater supply must be
regulated with extra care. On applications where steam pressures
are below 100 psi, Penberthy “Low Pressure” Injectors are recommended.
*BO ILE R
SIZE
NO.
OO-21123/82 1/2
AA -21251/23 1/2
BB-21503/45 1/2
CC-218518
DD-211501 1/412
EE-232501 1/225
FF- 2342 5239
GG-216002 1/275
*Boiler horsepower ratings based on supplying approximately 7 gallons of water per horsepower per houre with 3 ft scution lift and 80 psi steam pressure.
Each injector is supplied with all bronze pipe strainer one size larger than injector connection
for installation at end of suction pipe.
Size 00-21 injector is provided with relief valve to facilitate starting at lower steam pressures.
Size 00-21 injector is supplied with two small strainers for insertion in the steam and water
supply union connections.
IMPORTANT
Injectors deliver their maximum capacity and operate to better satisfaction n the intermediate zone of their pressure operating range.
When selecting an injector, in order to be assured of best possible
performance, refer to Pagers 5, 7 and 8 covering operating characteristics of the Penberthy Standard, High Pressure and Low Pressure
Injectors.
HORSEPOWER
RATING
PIPE
SIZE
CONN.
(IN.)
SHIPPIN G
WEIGH T
BOXED
(LB)
See Page 6 for Dimensions
See Page 9 for Installation Data and pate 11 for Repair Parts
5
PERFORMANCE OF PENBERTHY STANDARD INJECTORS
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SIZE
NO.
OO-21
AA-21
BB-21
CC-21
DD-21
EE- 2 3
FF-23
GG-21
Suction Lift Operation
Capaci ties in Ga llons per Hour at Various
Suction Li fts-74°F Water Temperature
LIFT
IN FEET
3 607080756555
8 5065757061.. ..
124555706555.. ..
163650656045.. ..
20.. ..456053.. ..
3150175180165155150
8142165157145135.. ..
12135155135133120.. ..
16120140125110.. .... ..
20.. ..110110.. .... .... ..
3300350350310295280
8290300300270250230
12260270265240220.. ..
16.. ..240235215.. .... ..
20.. ..220210.. .... .... ..
3540585585550520480
8520550540490470460
12420425420400390.. ..
16.. ..405390380.. .... ..
20.. ..360300.. .... .... ..
3780940950915840800
8760900870780720705
12730750750630570.. ..
16.. ..580555525.. .... ..
20.. ..440440.. .... .... ..
3144018001800174016201500
8130017101710160014601320
1212001500150014501400.. ..
16.. ..122012001150.. .... ..
20.. ..10201000.. .... .... ..
3220025202940288026402500
822002520240021601920.. ..
122040228021601920.. .... ..
16.. ..192018001560.. .... ..
20.. ..15601400.. .... .... ..
3314036004200410037503550
831003600343031002700.. ..
122900325030002700.. .... ..
16.. ..274025502200.. .... ..
20.. ..22002000.. .... .... ..
406080100120140
STEAM PRESSURES--PSIG
Pressure Supply Operation
Cpacities in Gallons per Hour with 12 PSIG
Wat er Pressure Supply at 74°F Temp erature
SIZE
NO.
OO-218095100115115110105
AA -21180210225255255245230
BB-21350405440490490475445
CC-21585675730820820790745
DD-21950109511901330133012851205
EE-231800207022502520252024302285
FF-232940338536754120412039703735
GG-214200483052505880588056705335
80100120140160200250
Capacities shown are maximum amount injector can pump
at steam pressures indicated. If flow exceeds amounts
shown, due t o excessive water supply pressure, valve in
water supply line can be regulated to provide correct flow.
Capacities are redu ced if injectors are required to handle
water at higher than normal temperature. When operating
with a 3 f t lift at the limiting temperature, for a given steam
pressure, capacities are reduced approximately as follows:
Water Temperature
STEAM PRESSURES--PSIG
90°F100°F110°F120°F
Reduction in
capacity in %
10121520
Dimensions of Penberthy Standard
and High Pressure Injectors
SIZE
NO.
OO4 3/421 3/42 3/81 1/44 1/23/8
AA5 7/82 3/82 3/82 5/81 1/45 1/81/2
BB7 1/82 3/42 7/83 1/81 5/85 3/43/4
CC8 1/833 5/83 3/81 7/86 5/81
DD9 3/43 5/84 1/44 1/42 1/47 7/81 1/4
EE13 1/44 3/45 3/84 3/439 5/81 1/2
FF15 1/85 1/46 7/85 1/43 5/811 1/42
GG17 5/85 7/88 1/26 5/84 1/214 1/22 1/2
ABCDEFG
DIMENSIONS IN INCHES
6
PENBERTHY
p
STOC
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NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
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High Pressure
INJECTORS
FOR SUCTION LIFT APPLICATIONS WITH
STEAM PRESSURES FROM 50 TO 200 PSI
Penberthy High Pressure Injectors are available in two body
styles and 8 sizes with screwed connections from 3/8” to 2 1/2”
pipe size having capacities as given in performance table. At the
same operating pressure, they use less steam than “Standard”
injectors permitting the handling of warmer supply water and
higher suction lift as indicated by their design range given below:
Start Low: at 50 psi steam with 3 ft lift and 74° water
Work High: up to 200 psi steam pressure with 3 ft lift and 74°
water
Lift Water: 20 ft with steam pressures from 80 to 120 psi and
74°F water
Maximum Temperature of Suction Water with 3 ft lift and at
steam pressures as follows:
120°F at 120 psi
115°F at 140 psi
105°F at 170 psi
85°F at 200
SIZE
NO.
OO-326123/82 1/2
AA -328271/23 1/2
BB-330503/45 1/2
CC- 3329018
DD-3341401 1/412
EE-3362751 1/225
FF-338450239
GG-3406502 1/275
*Boiler horsepower ratings based on supplying approximately 7 gallons of water per
horsepower per hour with 3 ft suction lift and 140 psi steam pressure.
Each injector is supplied with all bronze pipe strainer one size larger than injector
connection for installation at end of suction pipe.
Sizes OO-326 through DD-334 are provided with relief valve to facilitate starting at
the lower steam pressures.
Size OO-326 injector is supplied with two small strainers for insertion in the stream
and water supply union connections
*BO ILE R
HORSEPOWER
RATING
si
PIPE
SIZE
CONN.
(IN.)
SHIPPIN G
WE IGHT
BOXED
(LB)
SUCTION LEFT - DELIVERY BACK
STOCK MODE
K MODEL SUPPLIED UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED
Capacities in Gallons per Hour at Various
Suction Lifts - 74° Water Temperature
VERTICAL
SIZE
NO.
OO-326
AA-328
BB-330
CC-332
DD-334
EE- 3 36
FF-33 8
GG-340
LIFT
IN FEET
3 5468848991858176
8 50617477787268.. ..
12435263666661.. .... ..
163944545656.. .... .... ..
20.. ..364445.. .... .... .... ..
3130150180200210200190180
8120135158174181170161.. ..
12104115135148153144.. .... ..
169497115126130.. .... .... ..
20.. ..7994102.. .... .... .... ..
3238300367390400375357332
8220270323339344318303.. ..
12190231275288292270.. .... ..
16171195234246248.. .... .... ..
20.. ..159191199.. .... .... .... ..
3450510640680670640600540
8416459563592576544510.. ..
12360393480503489391.. .... ..
16324331409428415.. .... .... ..
20.. ..270333347.. .... .... .... ..
3600820930102010801000960900
8555738818887929850816.. ..
12480631697755788720.. .... ..
16432533595643670.. .... .... ..
20.. ..434483520.. .... .... .... ..
312201550189020102050192018301710
81128139516631748176316321555.. ..
1297611931417148714971382.. .... ..
168781007120912661271.. .... .... ..
20.. ..8219831025.. .... .... .... ..
320002530308032903350314030002790
81850227727102862288126692550.. ..
12160019482310243524462261.. .... ..
1614401644197120732077.. .... .... ..
20.. ..134116011678.. .... .... .... ..
327503470422545004600430041003800
82540310037003900395036603500.. ..
12220026702170333033503100.. .... ..
1619502250270028402800.. .... .... ..
20.. ..184022002300.. .... .... .... ..
6080100120140160180200
SUCTION FRONT
DELIVERY BACK
STEAM PRESSURES--PSIG
7
SUCTION LEFT – DELIVERY BACK
STOC
NORTHEAST CONTROLS INCORPORATED
TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
www.jrgjt.com
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TEL: 201-419-6111 ext. 23 for Venturi Group
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STOCK MODEL
K MODEL SUPPLIED UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED
SUCTION FRONT
DELIVERY BACK
PENBERTHY
Low Pressure
INJECTORS
FOR STEAM PRESSURES FROM 15 TO 100
PSI WITH 3 FT SUCTION LIFT OR WATER
PRESSURE SUPPLY
Designed to operate under conditions of relatively low boiler pressure using cold water with a 3 ft maximum suction lift or water
pressure supply connected directly to suction connection, injector
is ideal as a feed water pump for process steam boilers used in
vulcanizing shops, dairies, laundries or for clothes pressing machines.
*BO ILE R
SIZE
NO.
OO-526123/82 1/2
AA -528251/23 1/2
BB-530503/45 1/2
CC- 5328 518
DD-5341251 1/412
EE-5362401 1/225
FF-538400239
*Boiler horsepower ratings based on supplying approximately 7 gallons of water per
horsepower, per hour with 3 ft suction lift and 40 lbs steam pressure.
Each injector is supplied with all bronze pipe strainer one size larger than injector
connection for installation at end of suction pipe.
Sizes OO-526 through DD-534 are provided with relief valve to facilitate starting at the
lower steam pressures.
Size OO-526 injector is supplied with two small strainers for insertion in the steam and
water supply union connections.
HORSEPOWER
RATING
PIPE
SIZE
CONN.
(IN.)
SHIPPIN G
WIEG HT
BOXED
(LB)
Available in 2 body styles and 7 sizes with screwed connections
from 3/8” to 2” pipe size and having capacities as indicated in performance table. Injector uses the same body as the “Standard”
and “High Pressure” Injectors.
Capaci ties in Gal lons per Ho urs
3 Ft Lift 74°F Water Temperature
Size No.
OO-5265580756555
AA -528125180170160150
BB-530270350330305280
CC-532490585565520480
DD-534720900880800720
Penberthy Injectors are used with any t ype of water supply.
To obtain the best possible results the following points should
be considered.
1. The steam pipe should be an independent line, the same
size as the injector connection and connected to the
boiler at the highest possible point.
2. If injector operates on a suction lift, the water supply pipe
should be one size larger than the injector connection except on very short lifts. On long suction lifts, a pipe 2 sizes
larger with a foot valve installed at end of pope is recommended. A glove valve, the full size of supply pipe, should
be installed in this line and the strainer which is provided
each injector should be attached at the end. It is very important tha the water supply pipe connection including the
valve stem packing be free from leaks.
OPERATION
To Start:
valve. Next, fully open the steam valve. If water continues to
come out of overflow connection, throttle the water supply
valve until is stops. On low pressure operation it may be necessary to throttle the water supply valve in order t o establish
injector operation. On high pressure operation it is satisfactory
to throttle the steam valve until the water supply pipe is
Fully open the water supply valve and the discharge
rimed, but under all other conditions the steam valve should
Penberthy Injectors are used with any t ype of water supply.
To obtain the best possible results the following points should
be considered.
3. If injector water supply is taken from city water mains or an
overhead tank, better regulation of water may be obtained
if two globe valves are installed in the water supply line.
The valve nearest the injector is used to regulate the water supply while the second valve is adjusted permanently
to provide the most desirable pressure reduction.
4. The delivery pipe should be the same size as the injector
connection or larger if desired. A swing check valve and a
globe valve should be installed in this line, which should be
as direct and as f ree from elbows as the installation will
permit.
be wide open and regul ation of flow governed by the water
supply valve.
To Stop:
need not be closed unless supply water is under pre ssure.
The discharge line valve needs to be closed only as a precautionary measure as the check valve will prevent back flow from
the boiler.
Close the steam valve. The water supply valve
See Page 9 for Installation Data and pate 11 for Repair Parts
9
INJECTOR INSTALLATION
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FOR PRESSURE WASHING
Installed as shown above, injector will produce a high pressure hot water discharge up to 200°F.
Balance between injector capacity and total nozzle discharge capacity is important.
With proper size nozzle, and using dry steam for operation, discharge pressures equal to or even
greater than boiler pressures are obtainable.
When operating, steam valve should be open wide and water supply valve throttled to suit discharge
flow.
For ordinary conditions, reducing valves on the water supply line are not necessary, however if a re-
ducing valve is used, its capacity should be checked to ascertain that the flow will be sufficient for
proper operation.
It is important to use dry steam.
To start operation: Open water supply valve, then open steam valve wide; next, throttle water supply
valve until injector quits spilling at overflow.
10
REPAIR PARTS
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Standard
Injector
High Pressure
Injector
Low Pressure
Injector
OO-21 A A-21 BB-21 CC-21 DD-21EE- 23FF-23 GG-21
OO-326 AA -328 BB-330 CC- 332 DD-334 EE-336 FF-338 GG-340
OO-526 AA -528 BB-530 CC- 532 DD534 EE-536 FF-538
Steam jet, suction jet and delivery jet are not interchangeable on various models,
therefore you must supply us with serial number of injector which is stamped on
nameplate above overflow connection.
PLUG WITH RELIEF VALVE USED
ON
3/8” TO 1 1/4” HIGH AND LOW
BRASS STRAINERS
These large-capacity strainers are furnished with every injector
to prevent passageways in the jets from becoming stopped up
by foreign matter. Sizes 2” and l arger are the flat type shown
at right.