Peavey Automix 80304050 User Manual
Cover for Automix™
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E N G L I S H
AUTOMIX™
Thank you for purchasing the Automix™! The Architectural Acoustics Automix is a high quality automatic
mixer with eight transformer balanced, Mic/Line inputs. Each Mic/Line preamp provides a gain control,
phantom power (mic inputs), low cut filter, activity/clipping LED, and a choice between manual or automatic
operation. Each channel can be muted externally or multiple channels can be muted externally via an
assignable mutebus. In addition, channels one and two provide adjustable priority and a signal processor
loop. The master section provides a gain trim control, three sweepable notch filters, a downward expander, a
transformer balanced output, and a remote volume port.
The Automix has been designed so that multiple units can easily be linked together to form a single mixer
with many more inputs (16, 24, 32...). The Automix is supplied with a plexiglass security panel to prevent
changes to the installers settings. The Automix is packaged as a stand-alone unit, but will also rack-mount
into a standard 19" rack with optional rack-mount kit.
THEORY OF OPERATION
The Peavey Automix is a classic "automatic mixer" combining several time proven techniques to deliver
maximum gain before feedback in an easy to setup and easy to use configuration.
The Automix uses VCAs (voltage controlled amplifiers) and gain computing circuits in each channel to ride
the gain downward as more microphones become active. By dropping the gain 3 dB every time the number
of active microphones double, the overall system gain remains at unity for ideal gain before feedback
performance.
A precision rectifier and logarithmic converter in each channel computes the amplitude of the audio signal
present at each microphone in real time. This channel amplitude, in decibels, is then compared to the
amplitude of the sum of all the channels, also in decibels. A simple computing circuit calculates the mathematical difference between these two amplitudes and feeds the product to the VCA as a gain control signal.
To better grasp how this works, let me offer a few examples. If we take the case of one person speaking into
a microphone, the amplitude in that channel will be virtually identical to the "sum of all channels" amplitude.
The difference between these two equal amplitudes is "0." When 0 dB is fed to the VCA control port, the
result is unity gain for that channel. All of the other channels, with no one speaking, will exhibit significantly
lower amplitudes. When compared to the "sum," which contains a nominal signal, negative numbers result.
These negative numbers, presented to the VCAs of non active channels, command further attenuation of the
noise and leakage present at these non active channels.
A second more interesting example is two people speaking simultaneously. To simplify this example, let's
assume they're both speaking with the same loudness. As these two sources are incoherent, i.e. not identical, they will sum as the square root of the sum of the squares or 3 dB more than either individually. When
each channel's amplitude is compared to this +3 dB sum, it's VCA will be commanded to attenuate 3 dB. As
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before, the non active channels will be further attenuated. The elegance of this approach is really apparent
in this next case. Assume a person is stationed exactly equidistant from two microphones. The identical
signal arriving at both channels, being coherent, will sum linearly to +6 dB in the sum of all channels. This
results in the two channels being turned down 6 dB. Being coherent, these two identical signals summed
at -6 dB will add up to unity.
These gain relationships hold true no matter how many microphones are active and whether or not signals
are coherent. Since all computations are done in the Log domain, it doesn't matter what the actual amplitudes are, only the relative amplitudes between signals.
Front Panel:
LED
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2
3
FRONT PANEL FEATURES
CHANNEL LEVEL (1)
Manual Mode: In the manual mode the Channel Level controls provide 6 dB of gain above nominal unity
and 50 dB of attenuation.
Auto Mode: In auto mode the controls still provide 50 dB of attenuation, but the control does not add gain
to the overall system level. Instead, when the level is adjusted above 0, the other channels are attenuated
to make the channel sound louder in the mix without adding to the system gain.
MASTER VOLUME (2)
The “Master Level” controls the overall output level. The range is set for 10 dB of gain above and 40 dB of
attenuation below, nominal unity.
Note: The operating range of this control is reduced by the setting of the internal gain trim.
POWER SWITCH (3)
Depress the switch to the "on" position. The red LED will illuminate indicating power is being supplied to the
unit.
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Internal Front Panel:
4
6
5
7
8
109
11 12
13 14
INTERNAL PANEL FEATURES
PRIORITY (Channels 1 and 2 only) (4)
Turning the “priority” control clockwise allows one channel to override the others. It does this by tricking the
gain computing circuits into thinking this channel is louder than the others. Up to 9 dB of priority is available.
GAIN TRIM (5)
This control sets the input gain in each preamp. The amount of gain is adjustable from +25 dB to +55 dB
(Mic Input).
DIP SWITCHES
Each channel has a four station DIP switch that controls the following functions in each channel.
MAN/AUTO (6)
This switch determines whether the channel is operating in the automatic or manual mode.
OFF/MBUS (7)
This switch is used to connect the channel to the system mutebus. This allows multiple inputs to be muted
under external control. NOTE: See MUTEBUS (21).
LO CUT/FLAT (8)
This switch selects the low cut filter. The low cut filter provides a low frequency roll-off that will help minimize
unwanted noise (handling of mics, bumping of tables, etc.). The roll off starts at 75 Hz (-3 dB) and is a 6 dB
per octave filter.
OFF/PHAN (9)
When this switch is in the PHAN position, +12 volts of phantom power are supplied to the Mic ± terminals.
This provides power for condenser mics and should be defeated when using dynamic microphones or
unbalanced inputs.
ACTIVE/CLIPPING LED (10)
The LED will glow green when the channel is active and the status output is low (0 V). The LED will start to
glow red 6 dB before the preamp begins to clip.
NOTCH FILTER LEVEL AND FREQUENCY CONTROLS (11 and 12)
The Automix notch filter consists of three sweepable 1/3 octave filters with 0 to 15 dB of cut. These filters
can be used to attenuate frequencies that are prone to feedback without adversely affecting the tonal quality
of the system. Equalizing these problem frequencies out of the room's frequency response increases the
sound system gain before feedback.
Notch Filter Level Control (11): The notch filter level control adjusts the amount of cut at the frequency
selected by the corresponding frequency control (12). It is adjustable from 0 dB to 15 dB of cut.
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Notch Filter Frequency Control (12): The notch filter frequency control is used to select the center
frequency of the notch filter. The bottom filter has a range of 40 Hz to 925 Hz. The middle filter has a
range of 260 Hz to 6 kHz. The top filter has a range of 500 Hz to 12 kHz.
DOWNWARD EXPANDER (13)
The downward expander can be used to attenuate the system gain when all of the input signals are low.
This can be used to prevent background room noise from being amplified.
Setting the Downward Expander:
Have someone speak into a microphone at the softest level you expect to encounter. Slowly turn the downward expander clockwise until the background noise between words is attenuated. Be careful not to go too
far. The more downward expander that is used, the less “natural” sounding the system will become.
This method will get you to a good starting point, but the best way to set the downward expander is during
an actual meeting or event. While doing this, the downward expander can be adjusted for the best sound. If
you have to deal with both loud and quiet events, you will need to trade off between natural sounding ambient and background noise.
MASTER GAIN TRIM (14)
The Master Gain Trim sets the maximum overall system gain. This control should be set with the front panel
master gain at maximum (all channels at unity) and external power amps turned up and locked at operational settings. When trimmed to a safe margin below feedback, no combination of user controls can cause
feedback. This trim provides up to 25 dB of attenuation.
Back Panel:
2423 15
22
21
16
17
18 19 20
BACK PANEL FEATURES
MIC INPUTS (15)
For use with low impedance microphones or low level sources. This is a transformer balanced input with an
impedance of 2,000 ohms.
LINE INPUTS (Channels 3-8) (16)
These allow line level inputs to be used in channels 3-8. This is a transformer balanced input through a
30 dB resistive pad. Input impedance is 2,000 ohms.
DIRECT OUTPUTS (17)
Each channel has a set of direct output terminals that can be used for recording or anytime the output of an
individual channel is required. The level of this signal is independent of “Automix” gain manipulations.
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MUTE (18)
Channels can be muted individually by shorting this terminal to ground. It provides approximately 45 dB of
attenuation.
figure 1 Mute
STATUS OUTPUT (19)
The status is a DC logic output that is low (0 volts) when the channel is active and high (3.8 volts) when the
channel is not active. This DC voltage can be used to key video cameras or trigger key lights on active
microphones.
LOOP (Channels 1 and 2) (20)
This is a signal loop that allows an external device such as an EQ to be inserted into the signal path of the
first two channels. When used without external processing these loops are hardwired.
CEQ 280
IN
figure 2 Loop
OUT
MUTEBUS (21)
The Mutebus is a control port that when shorted to ground will mute all channels that are assigned to the
mutebus (approximately 45 dB). The channels to be muted must be attached to the mutebus using the
internal switch marked OFF/MBUS. (See number 7).
figure 3 Mutebus
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REMOTE VOLUME (22)
The master level of the mixer can be controlled remotely with a simple connection on the back of the unit. A
10 K to 100 K potentiometer can be wired as shown in the drawing below. A 10 K pot will provide approximately 0 to 25 dB of attenuation. A 100 K pot will provide 0 to 45 dB of attenuation. If desired, a control
voltage can be inserted to command 0 to 70 dB of attenuation. The internal gain trim must be set full CW to
achieve the maximum attenuation range of the remote volume.
NOTE: The control voltage should never exceed 13 volts DC.
figure 4 Remote Volume
LINK PORT (23)
To increase the number of inputs available, multiple Peavey Automix's can be linked together. Linking
automixers is a very simple process. It can be done with a small flathead screwdriver and a length of two
conductor shielded wire.
a. Using the small screwdriver, remove the factory installed jumper wires in the link port from the slave
unit.
remove »
remove »
figure 5 Link Port
b. Connect the mixers with the shielded wire as shown.
figure 6 Link Port
SHIELD
»
»
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You now have a 16 (or more) channel automatic mixer. Any unit can be used for the system output. The
notch filter and master controls will only affect that unit's output.
NOTE: When configuring multiple units, the wire jumpers in the ALOAD and the CLOAD must be left in one
unit and one unit only.
MASTER OUTPUT (24)
The master output is a 600 ohm, transformer balanced output that can be used to feed an external power
amplifier. It is at this point that the automatically mixed or the manually mixed output is accessed.
SETTING UP THE AUTOMIX
1. Wiring Inputs and Outputs:
For best results it is recommended that a two-conductor shielded cable is used for all input and output
connections. When making connections remember to observe proper polarity. The recommended strip
length for the screw terminal connectors is 1/2".
2. Initial Control Settings:
Channel Levels (Faceplate) - (Full CCW)
Channel Gain Trims (Internal) - (Full CCW)
Priority (Internal) - (Full CCW)
Notch Controls (Internal) - (Full CCW)
Downward Expander (Internal) - (Full CCW)
Master Level (Faceplate) - (Full CW)
Master Level (Internal) - (Full CCW)
All channels in auto mode
3. Setting the Channel Level:
Set the front panel control (of the channel that is being adjusted) to the middle (12 o’clock) position. Connect
a mic or line input to one channel. While someone is speaking into the mic (in a way that it would normally
be used), slowly increase the channel gain trim until a slight ringing (feedback) is heard. Turn the channel
gain trim down slowly until the ringing is no longer audible. This is the maximum level that the gain trim
should be set. Turn the external channel level control down (full CCW).
NOTE: The internal master gain trim may need to be turned up (CW) if the channels can be easily driven
into clipping, or feedback cannot be obtained in the normal operating range of the internal gain trim control.
Repeat this step for the remaining channels.
4. Return all of the external channel level controls to their mid position (0).
5. Setting the Notch Filter:
The Notch Filter can be set in several different ways. It can be set using test equipment to pinpoint frequencies that are prone to feedback, or it can be set “by ear.” For the purpose of this manual the “by ear” method
will be described.
a. Slowly increase the master gain trim (internal) until a slight ringing is audible.
b. Select the proper frequency range and turn the corresponding level control CW to about the 12 o’clock
position.
c. Slowly turn the frequency control back and forth until the ringing is no longer audible.
d. Again slowly increase the master gain trim until ringing is heard. If this is a different frequency, repeat
steps 2 and 3. If it is not a different frequency, try turning the frequency control while listening to the
feedback. Stop when the frequency that is feeding back is reduced. If the feedback is still audible turn
the level control CW toward the -15 until the feedback is gone.
e. Set the Master Level Control (external) for the desired overall output level. The mixer’s levels are now
set and the mixer’s other features (downward expander, Lo cut and priority) can be set as desired for
the application.
f. Attach the security plexiglass with the four supplied screws. This will prevent any unwanted tampering
with the settings.
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SPECIFICATIONS
Nominal Out = +2 dBu (1 volt)
PREAMP SPECS
EIN:
-122 dBu (terminated 150 ohms)
PREAMP GAIN RANGE:
25 dB to 55 dB
INPUT IMPEDANCE: (MIC and LINE)
2,000 ohms (transformer balanced)
PHANTOM POWER:
+12 volts at Mic ± terminals
INPUT SENSITIVITY:
-65 dBu
PRIORITY (Channels 1 & 2):
0 dB to 9 dB
FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
20 Hz to 20 kHz, +1/-2 dB at nominal
MAXIMUM OUTPUT LEVEL:
+20 dBu (Hi-Z load)
+16 dBm (600 ohm load)
REMOTE VOLUME RANGE:
0 dB to 70 dB of attenuation
OFF CHANNEL ATTENUATION:
0 dB to -70 dB
MUTE:
Channel is attenuated 45 dB when mute to ground
connection is made.
MUTEBUS:
Multiple channels can be attenuated 45 dB when
mutebus to ground connection is made.
LOW CUT FILTER:
-3 dB at 75 Hz (6 dB per octave)
COMMON MODE (rejection ratio):
-85 dB
GENERAL SPECS
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (transformer balanced):
600 ohms (nominal)
DISTORTION:
< 0.1 % at nominal
STATUS OUPUT:
Status is low (0 V) when channel is active. It is
high (3.8 V) when channel is not active.
POWER CONSUMPTION:
AC 120 volts, 60 Hz Domestic
AC 230 volts, 50/60 Hz Export
15 watts
WEIGHT:
10.8 lbs
DIMENSIONS:
3-1/2" H x 17" W x 10-1/8" D
TM
®
Due to our efforts for constant improvements,
features and specifications listed herein are subject to change without notice.
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