PeakTech 1235 Operation Manual

PeakTech

1235

®

Operation manual

32-Chanel Logic Analyser

1. Brief Introduction

Today has been a digital information age. Compared with analog techn ique, the
transmission and measurem ent of information is much different. Num erous data
channels transm it simultaneously in the spatial distribution while data code flows
are built according to certain format in the time distribution. The data code flows
are the data words taking discrete time as independent variable but not the
analog waveform taking continuous time as independent vari ab le. Some i mportant
parameters in a na lo g signal analysis are not so important in digital signal
analysis. For instances, the digital signal analysis of voltage pay much attention
to voltage h ig her or less than some threshold level; for the analysis of time, only
the r elat ive relations a mong the digital signals are noticed. So the traditional
testing device (voltmeter, oscilloscope, etc.) can not measure and analyze dig ital
system effectively, even n ot meet t he requirements of circuit design an d
debugging in digital system . In such a case , L og ic analyzer, a new- type data
measuring instrument is manufactured to observe and measure the dig ital signals
in digital information processing. Som e special problems of designing and
debugging in digital system are diff icult to find and so lve without t he logic
analyzer, such as trans mission delay, com petition risk and burr interference. At
present, digital circuit and bus technique are used in many apparatuses. In order
to analyze and validate the result of inform ation processing, the logic analyzer
must be used to find out the err or in program ming and running, measure and
compare th e state of digital logic circuit. With the rapid development of digital
technique, using log ic analyzer to analyze and solve the problems in digital circuit
should be mastered. But the logic an al yzer in present m arket is so complicated to
understand and operate for teaching in universities and colleges. It is impossible
to purchase a batch for high price. So a popular logic analyzer with basic
necessary function, simple operation and appropriate price m ust be selected.

PeakTech® 1235 Logic Analyzer is such a pr actical measuring instrument meeting

the above requirements in data field.

2. Prepare for use

2.1. Check up

Open the packing case and check whether the appearance of the instrum ent is
intact, accessories are all there. If the package dam aged severely, please don’t
open until consult with the departments concerned.

Packing list:

Na me Am ount

PeakTech® 1235 lo gic a nalyzer

User’s guide 1
3- core power cabl e 1
50 wires cables and connector 2
Input transf erring boxes 2
Test ho ok 40
Test ho ok connecting cable 40
Interface demo CD 1
USB interfac e cable 1
RS-232 interface cable 1

1

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2.2. Start operation

The instrument is used with the following conditions.

Power Supply: Voltage: 100 ~ 240 V

Frequency: 60 (1±5%) H z
Power: <30 VA

Environmental Conditions: Temperature: 0 ~ 40°C
Humidity: 80%

No powerful electromagnetic interference

Plug into the power receptacle with voltage from 100 to 240V and ear thing wire,
then press the power switch on the pan el to make the generator connected to
power source. Now the initialization of the generator begins. The name of
instrument and m anufacturer are displa yed first, and th en inst al l t he default
parameters. Finall y the timing waveform interface is displayed.

Warning!

For manipulator’s safety, triple socket with safe earthing wire must b e us ed.

3. Principle summarize

When sample the external signal source, the external signal is sent into the
positive input port of the high-speed comparator via the input circuit. The
threshold c ircu it generates a thres ho ld voltage according with the setting values,
and sends the voltage to the negative input port of the high-s pe ed comparat or. A
TTL level digital signal is generated by the comparison of the two signals and
then the digital signal is stored synchronously in the data flip-latch by sam plin g
clock. W hen sample the in ternal code, the code generator will produce 30
channels of internal digital signals which are stored sync hronously in the data
flip-latch by sampling clock. The sampling data in the data flip-latch are stored in
high-speed mem ory according to appointed address.

Selecting th e internal clock in timing sam pl ing can set t he cycle of sampling clock.
State sampling with external clock can select the phase of sam pling clock.

During the per iod of sampling storage, a “sequence add 1 counter” supplies
storage address for the high-speed m emory in memory control c ircuit, each
sampling clock makes the memory change to a new wr it ing address. At the same
time the flip-latch sends a new sampling data, so a new data is stored in the
memory. The s tart-up and end of the address counter is determined b y the
memory control circuit according to the parameters of triggering process. After
sampling storage, Micro controller unit rea ds a series of data and send them to
the LCD which will display the timing waveform and data list.

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The work principle is shown as the following diagram .

T

rigger

External
signal

High-speed
comparator

Threshold

voltage

Internal code
generator

Sampling
circuit

process

read/write
data

MCU

High-speed

memory

Read/write
data

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Clock circuit

Sampling
rate

Keyboard
Input

Storage
address
generator

4. Display and keyboard

4.1. The panel of the instrument

Front panel

1. Power switch

2. Display screen

3. Display control keys

4. Data input keys

5. Cursor key

6. Sample key

7. Function keys

8. Signal input

9. Signal input

10. Adjusting knob

1. 2. 3.

7.

4.

8. 9.

6.

10.

5.

RS-232USB

3. 2. 1.

Rear panel

1. Power source outlet

2. RS232 interface

3. USB Device interface

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REPLACE FUSE

AS SPECIFIED

DISCONNECT POWER CORD

BEFORE REPLACING FUSE

AC 100-240V

45-65Hz 1A

4.2. Keyboard description

There are 34 keys on the front panel, functions are following:

4.2.1. Function optional key (8 keys)

【Channel】: select and set the sequence order, nam e, color and switch of

each channel in cycle.

【Threshold】: select and set the threshold voltage.
【System】 : select and set the system parameters.
【Trigger】: select and set the param eters and the switch in the trigger

process.

【Time/State】 : select the m ode of timing sample or state sample in cycle
【Source】: select internal code generator or external signal source in cycle.
【Save】: save the current setting parameters.
【Recall】: recall the last saved setting parameters

4.2.2. Sample control (2 keys)

【Run/Stop】: circular run/stop recycling sample
【Single】: single sample

4.2.3. Number input (11 keys)

【0】【 1】 【2】
【3】【 4】 【5】
【6】【 7】 【8】
【9】: number input key
【x】: special characters x, only used for data search input

4.2.4. Input control (4 keys)

【↑】【↓】 : select the setting parameters up to down in cycle
【←】: backspace, to delete the input data when the input hasn’t

finished

【Shift】: used for input the English letters above the button

4.2.5. Display control (5 keys)

【Display】: display timing waveforms or data lists in c ycle.
【↑↓】: use the knob to roll timing waveforms and data lists up and

down

【←→】: use the knob to roll timing waveform s and left and right
【Zoom】: use the knob to zoom tim ing waveform s
【Find】: find and displa y the data points suited the search conditions

4.2.6. Control knob (2 keys)

【Cursor 1】: use the knob to move the cursor1 left and right
【Cursor 2】: use the knob to move the cursor2 left and right

4.2.7. Working state (2 keys)

【Reset】: initialize the instrument and resume the default parameters

settings

【Language】: Only English interface

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4.3. Display description

On the top of the display screen, there are som e words shown the f unction and
the operation of the button you pressed (except the numeric ke ys).
There are 3 types of display interface under the denotation words, details are
following:

4.3.1. Waveforms display interface

The waveforms display frame is on the to p of the display interface which displays
eight channels of tim in g waveforms, the serial number and the name of the
waveform, four different colors vertical c ursor lines. Ther e is one scale o n the top
of the waveform frame, and another one is on t he bottom of the wavefor m frame.
They are the zoom scales, the time value of every scale varies with the zoom
coefficient. Below the waveform frame is the parameters display frame, the six
parameters on the lef t is the state parameters, v aries automatically with different
operations, showing the curre nt state of the equipment. The six param eters on
the right is the parameters settings of the system, can be set with number k eys.

4.3.2. Data display interface

The data display frame is o n the top of the dis play interface which displays 19
rows of data, each row is one sampled data point in the memory, corresponding
to 3 2 sample channels. The three colum ns of data from left to right is the address
of data, the data value in Dec, the data value in Hex, the data value in Bin. The
parameters display frame is below the data lists frame, the three parameters on
the left is the state param eters, chang es a ut omatically with different operations,
showing the current state of the instr ument. The two parameters on the right is
the parameters settings of the s ystem, can be set with numeric keys.

4.3.3. Trigger settings interface

The trigger settings int erface displa ys the whole trigger pr ocess. Adopting the
graphical mode makes users can easy to understand the whole trigger process.
The panes in t he display interface is the nodes of the trigger proc ess, the connect
lines among the panes show the direction of the trigger proc ess, six param eters
can be set on the right, the left side ha ve six switch can be s et, the specifications
of the setting shows in the chapters behind.

5. Instructions for use

5.1. Starting initialization

Press the power button to connect t he electricity supply. Firstly the model number
and the manufacturer of the instrument will be showed on the screen. Please
operate the initialization program and load the default parameter settings. Then
the timing waveforms of internal code will be displayed. All k inds of operational
practice can be carried out without connecting with the external input signals.

Most of the researching objects of the logic analyzer are single or non-cyclical
signals included in high speed data stream. So the anal yzer can’t display the
signals in t im e on the screen as the oscilloscope does, but ca n sample the
signals according to certain time (sample clock ). It can catch and save the
interesting signals by setting up the suitable trigger process. The s aved data can
be recalled showing on the screen and researched repeatedly.

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5.2. Operation general principles

5.2.1. Keyboard description

When an y k ey is pressed, there is a corresponding hint on the scre en which
explains the function and the operation of the key. If there is a circular symbol,
consisting of two arrows laid end to end, on the left of the hint, then it is a c ycle
ke y. It runs different functions by pressing it rep eatedly. If there is no circular
symbol, the key has only one function.

5.2.2. Parameters input

If there are reverse numbers or characters on the screen, means th e parameter is
a selected one which can be set by pressing th e k eys. If t he user needs to select
other data, 【↑】and【↓】can be used. T he user also can turn t he knob left and
right to select other data cyc lical. If input the wrong characters or numbers, user
can delete th em one by one by pr essing 【 ← 】 . As soon as the reverse
characters areas are filled with numbers, the parameter s ettings take effects.
Meanwhile the【←】 doesn‘t work anymore, unless res tarting input proc ess.

5.2.3. Letters input

The 26 letters, from A to Z, are marked on 26 k eys. D uring the pr oces s of
parameter input, press【sh if t】 key and release the key, then input the letter you
need. If there is no let te r on the key, user can input space. The【shift】ke y is a
one-kick . So if the us er needs to input the next letter, p lease repeat the
operations above.

5.3 Channels setting

5.3.1. Channel order setting

The double digits number 00-31, on the most left of t he waveforms display frame,
is the channel serial number. Press 【Channel】ke y to select the channel serial
number setting. Then set the channel sequence by numeric keys. The settings
only change the pos it ion of channel waveforms on screen so that some channels
of waveforms can be closely displa yed and easily compared. However the real
positions of sampling channels are not changed, the sampled da ta too. If the real
positions of sampling channels need to be ch an ge d, user has to ch an ge the
connection of the test nips for sampling on the circuit board.

5.3.2. Channels label setting

The four c haracters on the ri ght of the channel seri al numbers are the label of the
channel. Press 【 Chan ne l 】 k ey to s elec t the channel label setting. Set the
channel label by numeric keys or letter keys. Every channel label can be set by
user.

5.3.3. Channels color setting

Press【Channel】 key to select channel color setting. Set the color by numeric
ke ys. Ever y channel can be set according to user’s favorite color.

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5.3.4. Channels switch setting

Press【Channel】 key to select channel switch setting. Set the channel “on” by
using the numeric key【 1】. Set the channel “off ” by using the key【0】. The
settings will take effect in the process of next sam pling display.

The settings of the channels are complicated but there is no need to change them
frequently. Press【Save】to save the self-defined channel settings so that you
can use it when you need without reset the settings.

5.4. Thresholds setting

Press 【Thres ho ld 】 key to select threshold voltage setting. The

【↑】 and【↓】

pushbuttons are used to circularly se lect one of the six t hres hold voltages. Onl y
knob can be used to set t he value of threshold voltages in a continuous manner.
The voltage will increase by turning th e knob to right and decrease by turning the
knob to left. When the voltage value passes the zero, the p ol arit y sign will
automatically change. The internal code-generator doesn’t pass the voltage
comparator, so t he settings on threshold voltage aren’t valid when sampling the
internal code.

The analyzer has 3 2 external signals input channels and 2 external clock
channels. The best performance is when the peak-to-peak value of input voltage
is between 500m Vpp and 20Vpp. The maximum input voltage handle is ±40V.
After accessing the anal yzer, the input signal first passes through the voltage
comparison circuit and is compared with the threshold voltage set by the user. If
the inp ut signals are higher than t he threshold voltage, the analyzer shows the
number “1”,

otherwise it

shows the number “0”. Then the signals are sampled and

saved and displa yed on the screen.

Waveform s displayed by this means only reflect t he timing logic when the input
signals are higher or lower than the threshold voltage. It doesn’t reflect the real
amplitude of the input signals, and may be f ar different from the real waveforms
of the input signals. This kind of waveforms displayed by logic anal yzer is usually
called a “pseudo waveform”.

In practica l operation, the sampled s ignals appear b y groups. For exam ple,
grouped by the data bus or the address bus .The characteristics of amplitude of a
group of s ig na ls are the same, so use the same compare threshold voltage. In
practical operation, there are many kinds of signals wit h different amplitude to be
tested such as TTL, CMOS and ECL. In every e xperim ental circuit, the am plitude
characteristics of signals may be various. T o satisfy th es e conditions, the
instrument is deployed with six individual adjustable threshold volta ges. Four of
them are used in four channel gro ups which contain 8 signal input channels in
each one. And the other 2 threshold voltages are used in 2 external clock input
channels.

In practice, the instruments measure signals mostly in groups, for instance in the
total line and address line. The amplitude characteristic of one gro up is identic al
and should use the same comparison threshold voltage. However the in strument
has 32 signal input channels and again, it is not necessary to setup 32
independently adjustable threshold voltages. But in practice, there are signals
measured with different amplitude for instance TTL, CMOS, and ECL.

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In m any experiment circuits, the amplitude required may vary. For this application,
6 independentl y adjustable threshold voltages are configured in instrument, 4 of
which are used for 4 channel groups, each group has 8 signal input channels.
The other two are used for 2 external clock input channels separatel y.

In practice, the electrical sources of +5V or +3.3V are usually used in digital
system. So all default settings of the threshold voltage are +1.6V. Generall y
speaking, the s etting range of the threshold voltages for TTL is between +5V and
+3.3V. And the setting range of threshold voltages for CMOS is between +5V and
+4.3V. If the tested signals contain large ringing effect or other noises, there are
wrong data in the sampled results. When it happens, repeat sam pling function t o
adjust the threshold voltage and observe the sampling waveforms, until clear and
correct sampling waveforms are obtained.

5.5. Display setting

The PeakTech® 1235 l ogic analyzer can display a vast amount of data. There are
two display modes of the sam pling data: timing waveform display and d ata listing
displa y.

5.5.1. Timing waveform display

Press

【Display】 to view timing waveforms for up to 8 channels displays. Each

channel c an be displayed with diff eren t color to easil y indentify and separate
them visually. T he order of 32 channels waveforms is that the highest channel is
on the top and the lowest channel is at the bottom. This is to enable the highest­order digit of the byte to be on the top and the lowest-order digit on the bottom.

5.5.2. Waveform rolling Up/Dow n

The waveform rolling can be used to observe all the waveforms in 32 channels.

【 ↑↓ 】and turn the knob to browse the waveforms. If there is a need to

Press
compare the waveforms, the method of channel order setting (5.3.1) can be used
to display the desired waveforms.

5.5.3. Waveform rolling Left/Right:

The PeakTech® 1235 allows for 260,000 memory addresses for each channel,
however only 280 data points can be viewed d ue to the horizontal width of the
screen. In order to displa y the needed blocks from the mass of stored data, the
screen display window aim at any pos ition in memor y. This requires setting a
changeable “wind ow address” for display window, as long as changes the window
address, the screen of analyzer will show the storing data block taking this
address as initial point.

Parameter in the first row on the right bottom of the wave frame is the window-
addr. The waveform displays the data on the most left, that is the data
corresponding to the window address in sampli ng memory. Press【System 】 to
select window -addr and can set the win do w address in Dec numbers with the
range of 0~260000. After setting, the waveform of sampling s toring data block, to
which this window address corresponds, will display immediately. If one needs to
continuously observe a wa veform ne arby the window, pr ess【←→】 and turn the
knob, the window-address will change continuously, as if the wavef orm is rolling
from left to right in the display window.

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Parameter in second row on the right bottom of the wave frame is scr oll-st ep ,
turn knob one step; the window-address will increase a scroll-step value. The
higher the value of scroll-step is, the faster the speed of waveform rolling is, but
this may miss needed part; the lower the value of scroll-step is, t he slower the
speed of rolling is, and the finer observe the waveforms. Press 【System 】to
select scroll-step, the value of the scroll-step can be set by num ber keys with
the range of 1~ 260 000, after the setting, press【←→】 and turn the knob to r ol l
the waveform left and right, so that the speed of waveform rolling will change.

Setting the window-address with num ber keys directly enables display windo w to
locate in the data block needing to visit, and rolling waveforms with knob turning
can observe the change situations of a section of waveform continuously.

5.5.4. Waveform zoom

In digital sys tems, the changing rate of the log ic level may be very different in
different data channels, in a timing waveform displa ying graph; it may include 8
channels with big difference in changing rate of logic leve l. This brings a problem,
that is, a large number of pulse waveforms crowds toget her in channel with fast
changing rate of logic level and cannot be seen clearly, but in the c hannel with
slow changing rate, it is a line on screen. To solve th is problem, can str etch the
waveforms in level direction and unfold the c rowded pulse wave to vis it waveform
characteristics with fast changing, also ca n compress the waveforms and gather
sparse pulse wavef orm together to visit waveform characterist ics with slow
changing.

Press【Zoom】k ey and turn the knob to mak e the display waveforms stretch or
compress in horizontal direction. “Zoom= ns/div” in the sixth row on the left
bottom of the wave frame will change, this ratio coefficient stands for time amount
that each lattice of scale line represe nts, in the above and underside two rows of
waveform frame. The essence of waveform amplification is that a n umber in
sampling memory is displaye d continuously with several points in waveform
displa y. So, the amplifying waveform can make dense waveform be seen more
clearly and let measurement become easy, it won’t generate any distortion to
waveform. But waveform am plif ic ation is unable to increase resolution; the
original invisible content s are still not seen after am plification. If want to observe
the detailed change, need to increase sampling velocit y. The essence of
compression is taking one number to display from several data points in sampling
memory, therefore after compression, waveform’s observing scope is broadened,
but may lead to distortion and miss small c hanging part, more com pression rate
results in more serious distortion. So com pression s hould be made gradually, one
should not continue compressing wh en finds distortion. T he amplifying or
compression state will be displayed in present waveform, with the turn of knob;
character indication displays on top of interface at any mom ent.

Because waveform zoom is tak en sampling clock as the tim e unit, so the zoom
ratio change is spaced by st ep , if measure waveform’s interva l with scale of
waveform frame, m ay have error, just a rough measurement. If need to measure
the interval of the waveform accurately, should use the method of cursor
measurem ent.

The zoom function of the waveform is applied in the situation that the changing
rate difference of the logic-level in ever y channel is ver y big in a group of
waveforms, if the changing rate of the logic level in a group of waveforms is
generall y bigger or sm aller, then should solve it by adjusting the sam pling rate.

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5.5.5. Data lookup

The instrument has convenient search function, after the sampling, can find the
data conforming to t he s et ti ng c onditions in a large group of sam pl ing data.
Parameters in the third row on the right bo ttom of the wave fram e is the find-data
which is a 32bits data word in Hex format, press【S ystem】 to select find-data,
can set search data word, input the numbers of 0~9 or the letters of A~F, als o
can input x(attention: the【x】 on the right of the key 【0】，is not the letter “x” in
English), x means “ignore”, that is, no matching and contrast to this number in
data find. After setting the find data word, press 【Find】again, c an find a data
according with the searching c onditions, denoting with a yellow dashed generall y
can be seen on the most left of t he screen. At the sam e time, window address will
also change to show the position of this data in sampling memory. Press【Find】
repeatedly, until find the e nd point of sampling memory, thus can find all the data
words conforming to setting conditions from sampling data.

The find-data function runs after finishing sampling and is used to l ook up dat a
word set randomly in stored sampling data, this point is different from trigger
conditions data word that will be described behind, the latter is preset in advance
before sampling and used to capture data word conforming to trigger conditions.

5.5.6. Data listing display

Press【Displa y】ke y, 19 rows of data listings can be showed. In the data listing
interface, the most left l ine is the Dec address value of sampling data in memory,
and increase one continuously from the top to th e bottom. The middle is the
address value of the sa mpling data in Hex, the right one is the Bin address value,
a par ting line between each 8 bits Bin code so as to read conven ient ly. Use t wo
different colors to distinguish the two adjacent lines, m aking display clear,
beautiful and not eas y to confuse. The storage depth of the instrument is 260,000
storing addresses, but the screen shows onl y 19 rows in the vertical height,
therefore, data lists also must roll up and down in the displa y window. The
parameter definitions and operation methods showed in data listing are the as
timing waveforms display m ention ed before. The window ad dresses, rolling step,
find-data words are identical. The difference are that rolling up and down in the
data lists equals rolling left and right in the timing waveforms display, and the
found data is a row of or an ge data showed in upper part of data listing. The dat a
listing cannot roll left and right, also cannot zoom .

5.6. Cursor setting

There are two cursors in this instrument for measurement: cursor1 and cursor2.

5.6.1. Timing waveforms cursor

In the timing waveforms display interface

, press 【 cursor 1 】 key,

the green

cursor1 shows active state, turn the knob, enable the cursor1 to move left and

.Press【cursor 2】key,

right

the purple cursor is chosen, turn the knob, enable the
cursor2 to move left and rig ht. The step of cursor movement can be set with
number keys 0~9.
moves one point distance on the screen,
cursor moves nine points distance on the screen.

For example, press 【1】, then

press 【9 】, then

turn knob a lattice, the cursor

turn k no b a lattice, the

Generally speaking,

first move
the curs or with the longer step to the aim point nearby, then move the cursor with
the shorter step to the aim point.

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5.6.2.

Cursor measu rement

It is available to measure the sampling data value of any points in the display
waveforms and the time interval between an y two points in the wa veform s with it.

The second r ow on the left bottom of the waveform frame is the parameter value
of cursor1, the third row is the param eter value of cursor2, the six numbers on the
left of the parameter are the decimalization data address cursor indicates, and
the 8 numbers on the right of the param eter are the Hex data value of position
cursor indic ates , which is the sam pling data of 32 input channels, each number
represents 4 channels, according to the general custom, the data from left to right
represents the 32 input channels of wavef orms from the top to th e bottom in turn.
So the screen only sh ows the waveforms of 8 channels, one can know the logic
levels of the 32 chann els as long as reads the data value of the c ursor out
without moving waveform s up and down to visit. When turn k nob to m ak e
measurem ent cursor move, cursor parameter’s address value and data value wil l
change dynamically with it, when the t wo cursor s m ove int o the same point, their
parameter values are identical.

The difference value between cursor1 and cursor2 displays in the 4th row on the
left bottom of the waveform frame, denoted by sampling clock cycle, that is
address value. The data in the 5th row on the left bottom is the difference value
between cursor 1 and cursor2, denoted by

absolute tim e

(ns). W hen the cursor1 is

on the right of the cursor2, the two parameters are positive values; they are
negative values on the left of cursor2. W hen the two cursors coincide with each
other, their parameters are 0.

If want to measure the time difference bet ween two points in present waveform
interface, can move cursor1 and cursor2 to the two aim points respectively; it’s
easy to read the time difference or the address difference between the two p oints.

But if the address difference bet ween the two points t o be measured exceeds 280,
the two points can ’t be displa yed in the sam e interface at the sam e time, and
cannot m easure using the above m ethod. To solve this problem, it sets the
cursor1 and the cursor 2 into different characte ristic. Cursor 1 is a drift cursor,
appearing in the displaying window a lways, can be seen as an aim line, an d able
to move anywhere in window with knob. But cursor1 appears to suspend on
waveform, and doesn't move with the waveforms together, its address value and
data value will change with the waveform m ovem ent, denoting waveform’s
address value and data value cursor placed at an y moment.

Cursor 2 is an adhering cursor, although it can be moved into anywhere in
window with knob, it will adhere to waveform once stops m oving, when wa veform
moves, cursor 2 moves as it. W hen moving the cursor 2 out, can imagine it still
adheres to an d moves with waveform, its address value and data value won ’t
change not caring how long waveform m oves. W he n we want to measure time or
address dif ference between any two points in s ampling waveforms, firstly move
cursor 2 to the first aim point, then move waveform left or right until the seco nd
aim point displa ys no matter whether cursor2 moves dis play out and how long
waveform moves, turn knob to move cursor1 to the s econd aim point, then a ble to
read time or address value out between two aim points. After f inis hing onc e
measurem ent, press【cursor 2 】k ey to recall it in to display wi nd ow and begin the
next measurement.

-12-

5.6.3. Data listing cursor

In data listing interface , cursor1, curs or2 and cursor measur em ent, are all the
same as the cursors in timing waveform interface. The difference is t ha t cursors
in timing wavef orm display interface are vertical cursor lines, but in data listing
displa y interface cursors are level white displa y row. T here is only addres s
displa y of two cursor rows about par am eter d isplay under data listing (data values
in the listing already).

5.7. Sampling setting

The logic anal yzer us es the s ampling mode for data obtaining, which is sampling
to input “digital”, notice that it is not to collect sam ple to input signal directly, but
to digital generated through comparison and distinguishing for input signal and
threshold, and stores sampling data in mem ory. So,

logic anal yzer use is setting sampling param eters correctl y

the basic requirement for

.

5.7.1. Sampling source

The purpose of using logic analyzer is to analyze the logic state of signal to be
measured, so the aim signal to be sampled is external signal sourc e surely. But
take the following three points for cons ideration, set an educational pulse
generator in instrument inner. First, many users may be not familiar with the logic
analyzer, some may use it the f irst tim e, so first make operation practice to
deepen apprehension for the corre lation between various parameters’ se ttin g,
and familiarize operational control for display interface, and not ne ed to connect

mass of input test n ips, very c onveniently no doubt.

Moreover, external signals to
be m easured are usually unknown and com plicated, may be mixed with random
interference signal too, so it is necessary to set thres hold voltage suit ab ly and
take sample to ext ernal signal directly, getting expectant result m ay be more
difficult. Because the Inner Code Generator’s logic relation is sim ple, waveform is
pure and s tandard; one can quickl y master logic analyzer’s use with it. Second, in
practical applica tion , if the test result is different from expectant one, sometimes
it is h ard to m ake clear that the problem comes from the tested circuit or logic
analyzer, here as long as use inner code generator to tak e samples and contrast,
it is eas y to find reasons. Third, when i nstr ument fails to work and need r ep airing
and debugging, the code generator is ver y convenient of course.

The inner code generator is compos ed of two

types of s ignals, 00 ~ 15 channels
are count waveforms, count value are 0~65535, and each clock cycle adds 1.
16~29 channels are shift pulse waveform s and high level pulse moves one bit to
the right in turn from low to high channel. 30~ 31 channels are used to measure
external clock1 and 2 (6.7.2). The code generator in the equipm ent, if only power
is open, runs in its independent clock continu ously till power closes. The inner
code generator directl y generates standard digital signals for sampling, not
passing thresh old voltage comparator. If choose inner code generator, th en
external digital signal cuts automatically, vice versa, they don’t affect each ot her.
Pressing 【 source】key can switch into in ner code gener ator or external signal
source in c yc le, instrument def ault setting is inner code generator. The internal
code-generator has its o wn adjustable clock, can emulate meas ur ed signals with
different velocities, pres s 【system 】 to select parameter pattern-clk and input
the clock c ycle value with decimalization numbers 0~9, its unit is ns, resolution is
10ns,the last number on the right has no use. The minimum cycle value is 2 0 ns;
the maximum value is 9 99999990ns, approximate to 1s. After code generator’s
clock changes, waveform display’s change is visible. The default setting of the
clock cycle is 20 ns.

-13-

If tak e samples to external si gn al source, first connect one end of fifty-line cables
to instrument input port, connect the other end to input-transferring case which
has 16 signal input ends and one external clock input end, use single-core joint
line to connect these input terminals and the test nips, then connect with
sampling points on the circuit board with test nips. Each input terminal of
transferring case has a grounding terminal correspondingly, although not all
terminals are necessarily connected to circuit board’s signal e arth , but the more
connect ground lines, the less noise of input signal makes, and the better for
measurem ent. If con nect only one grou nd line, sampling signal ma y get glitch
interference, and bring difficulties for data analysis.

5.7.2. Sampling mode

There are two sampling modes for logic anal yzer: One is timing sam ple which
collects samples to the external signals using the internal equal time interval
clock, the sam pled data is equal time interval data, in oth er words it takes "time"
as the independent variable.

The timing waveforms after sampling can bas ically
reflect the changes of the tested signal as time, this approach is known as the
timing analysis, but the sampling clock and the tested system are indepe nd ent
each other and not synchronous, so it is also called "asynchronous sam pling."

The other mode is state sample which collects samples using th e cloc k of the
tested system , the clock is equal time interval , a nd also ca n b e r andom time
interval. The sampling clock pulse can be seen as the discrete event, that is, take
the "e vent " sequences as independen t variable, the data listing after sampling
reflects the logic state relation between the s ystem clock and the other signals in
the system, this mode is known as state analysis. Here, the sampling clock is
synchronous with the tested system; it is also called "synchronous sampling." If
take sample using inner cloc k to inner code generator, this also belongs to
"synchronous sam pling."

If use state sampling as sampling clock signal in m easured system, m ust connect
to special in pu t channel clk1 or clk 2, otherwise the sampling couldn’t start. If the
noise in the external c lock sign als is too large, should adjust the threshold
voltage settings of the external clock (5.4) so as to obtain a pure clock signal, if
the sampling clock signal is poor, the sampled data can not be used. However,
the external clock signals are not st ored, also no special accesses to display
waveforms, so it is im possib le to know the quality of the clock signals after
passing threshold voltage comparator. A substitute method mentioned once in
(5.7.1): press 【 source 】 to select aim source and use inner clock as timing
sampling, the n connect external clock signal to the special clock channels clk1
and clk2, here external clock can take samples to external clock signals, clk1
and clk2’s timing waveforms display in 30~31 channels after sam pling. When
adjust t he threshold voltage s ettings of the external clock , one can use the two
channels to monitor the adjustment effect.

Sampling m ode can be set with 【

Time/State

】 key, inner clock for timing

sampling, and external clock for state sampling. The external clock contains
external clk1 and external clk2. The default setting is the timing sam ple, using
internal clock.

-14-

5.7.3. Clock limitations

To visit the particular changes of the tested signals, we hope to use higher
sampling v elocit y, but this wou ld greatly increase the data amount in the memory.
Besides, sometimes the tested signal is single or occasional and is included in
the long data stream. To effectively capture them, we m ust lengthen the tim e of

the sampling as we can; thus the data s tored in the memory will be gr eater.

But
the space of the high-speed memory is limited, to solve this problem; the
instrument sets two external cl ocks’ logic "and" and logic "or" which is limiting an
external clock using anther one. For example, select t he logic "and" of two
external clocks as the sampling clock, use high level of the external clk1 as the
limit condition,

only when external clk1 is a high level, the sam pling clk2 can be

opened, the s am pling can run, in other t im es the clk2 is s hu t down and cannot
sample. If set lim it conditions suitable, it can ensure that not only effectively
capture the signals one interested in, but also save the space of the memory.
Using【

Time/State

】key can select lim itation mode in cycle: the logic “and” a nd

logic “or” of external clock clk1 and clk2.

5.7.4. Sampling cycle

The logic analyzer captures data on the hop edge of the sampling clock; the data
between two hop edges is ignored . If choose longer sampling cycle, the

changing

sections of input signals will be missed, then the displayed waveforms

fast-

will have serious distortion compared with the true waveforms of input signals
both in am plitude and time, even invisible. One should use shorter sam pling cycle
in order to observe

the particular changes of the tested signals

, that is, to

increase the sampling rate.

Generally speaking, t he sampling cycle should be less 3-5 times than the
narrowest pulse width of the tested signals. In other words, even the narrowest
pulse of the tested signals should include three sam pling points at least, which
can truly reflect input signals’ change as

time

.

The instrument uses internal clock in the time sampling, and clock cycle can be
set. Press 【system 】 to select param eter pattern-clk and input the clock cycle
value with decimalization numbers 0~9, its unit is ns, resolution is 10ns, the last
number on the right has no use. The minimum cycle value is 10 ns; the maximum
value is 999999990ns, approximate to 1s. W hen code generator’s clock is
changed, waveform display’s change is visible. The default setting of the clock
cycle is 10 ns, that is to say, the highest sampling velocity is 100MHz.

The instrument uses the external clock cycle in state sampling; the sam pling
cycle can’t be changed optionally, one needs to select the su itab le signals as the
sampling clock according to the state of the tested signals.

5.7.5. Sampling phase

The logic analyzer uses sampling clock’s rising edge for data obtaining, but in
state sam pling using external clock, due to “sync hronous sam pling”, sometimes
should choose clock’s function edge reasonably according to logi c relation
between signal and system clock of tested system . For instance, various logic
levels change in system clock’s ris in g edge, if samples using rising edge, various
logic level is in changing then and the time is not consistent strictly, so sampling
data may be wrong. If c ho ose falling edge, all logic levels are just in stable state,
sampling date won’t be wrong.

-15-

Therefore, instrument sets sam pling phase choices: rising edge sampling and
falling edge sampling. In timing sam pling to external signal wit h intern al clock ,
sampling phase setting is out of meaning because of “asynchronous sampling”.

Press 【 s ystem 】 to select sample-phase and set sampling phase in numbers,
press【 0】to select clock falling edge, press【 1】to select

rising edge.

The default setting is the

falling edge sampling.

5.7.6. Sampling control

There are two ke ys used for contro lling in the sampling pr ocess： press 【single】
ke y, sam ple process runs once onl y, after sampling, display the result in tim ing
waveform or data listing, then can make various operations and analyses to it,
this is universal using method of logic analyzer. Press【Run/Stop】,

the sampling

process runs automatically and repeatedly with result dis playing each time, until
press 【 R un /Stop 】 , sampling process stops, which is generall y used t o visit
dynamic change of tes te d signal or dynamic response of the adjusting parameter
setting, when grasp the c haracter istics of tested signal, or adjust parameter
setting suitably, press【 single】key to sample and ana lyze the results in deta il.

5.8. Trigger setting

In modern digital system, the code stream rate is very high in us or ns level
generall y, whic h requires corr esponding sampling velocity for logic analyzer.
However, the space of memory in the ins trum ent is limited, so in practical, the
effective sampling time is very short, it can say sampling process completes
instantaneousl y. If start up sam pl ing proc ess manually, th is needs to press

Single

【

】in an extreme accurate tim e, but it is too hard to do, moreover, the

data needed sampling and storing is often contained in the long data stream , we
don’t know when we should start up to capture the data, so it is even more
impossible to start up the sampling process m an uall y. Due to limited memory

space, large

amount of data will enter mem ory soo n after star ting up, if samplin g
process can not stop immediately, following dat a will overwrite preceding ones,
when press k ey m anually, the data stored in the m em ory finall y may not useful for
us. So, manual control is also infeasible. The logic analyzer must run the
sampling process autom atically according to operator and stop after capturing
useful signals aut om atically; this is the fundamental dif ferenc e between logic
analyzer and the data collector.

Using logic anal yzer firstly, one may feel ver y diff icult to start in trigger process
setting and u ne asy to understand the functions of setting parameters, press
【trigger】, display a graphical trigger setting interface, which can make operator
know the whole process of sampling v isually and directly, an d master setting
method of trigger process.

-16-

5.8.1. Signal input

Signals input process is on the left of trigger setting interface: the external tested
signal f rom “probe” passes through test nips, “commuting case”, transmitting
cable, connector, to “comparator”, then com pare with the “threshold voltage” to
generate digital sign als. Internal code generator pattern generates emulational
digital signal, choose one of this two signals through switch “source select”, press
【source】to s elect the switch state in cycle. The selected input signal passes
through the channel switch “switches” t o sampling circuit. The setting of the
channel switch has been described in (5.3.4).

5.8.2. Start conditions

The sampling trigger process is on the right of the trigger setting interface, press
【 Single】ke y, the sampling process does not rea ll y start, but first ly to check
start conditions, once the data in the input s igna ls can match with it, the sampling
process starts immediately.

The start “b it-sel ect” can be set with numbers in Hex, repres enting 32 input
channels, if set bit-select to 0, shows this channel can be ig nored, without m atch
checking, and has no influence on start whatever signal level of this c hannel is 0
or 1. If set bit-select to 1, shows the channel is effective, and must be made
matching checking. The defau lt setting of start bit-select is 0000FFFF, means that
only detect 00~15 channels, ignore 16~32 channels.

The start “compare word” can be set with n umbers in Hex, the default setting of
start compare word is 00001234 and means once “1234” appears in 00~15
channels in the input data streams,

channels is “0001001000110100”,

in other words when the logic le ve l of 00~15

the sampling process starts.

5.8.3. Start select

The “start select” can be s et with num bers, the k ey【0】c ut the switch, t he key
【 1 】 connects the switch. If the start select switch is co nn ecte d, “the start

conditions” will be short-circuit, having no use. In other words, after pressing
【 Single 】 , the sampling process starts directly without detecting the start
conditions,

equal to random sam ple manually.

The default setting of the “start select switch” is “connect” in order to make
random sampling drillin g justly without s pecific sampling purpose, not need to set
the start conditions. If the setting of the start select switch is “cut”, then only
understand the tested signal clearly and have specific sampling purpose, can set
the su ited start conditions. Otherwise, if set start c on di tions unsuitably, then
cannot satisfy start conditions forever, the sample can’t start.

5.8.4. Trigger conditions

When sam pling starts up, the instrument writes th e sampling data into the high­speed mem or y continuously according to the sampling clock time. Once the
memory is filled, it will be back to the top and overwrite the former data. Then
when will the sam pling process sto p? The sampling purpose is making lim ited
storage data blocks contain the signals we concern, so it needs to set the
appropriate trigger conditions to captur e th e signals, after the signals are
captured, the instrument takes a short tim e of “store delay”, the sampling process
stops automatically. The suitable sett ing of trigger conditions can decrease
storage of useless data, improve the ef fective utilization of the memory, and bring
convenience for the data analysis.

-17-

The start “b it-sel ect” can be set with numbers in Hex, repres enting 32 input
channels, if set bit-select to 0, shows this channel can be ig nored, without m atch
checking, and has no influence on start whatever signal level of this c hannel is 0
or 1. If set bit-select to 1, shows the channel is effective, and must be made
matching checking. The defau lt setting of start bit-select is 0000FFFF, means that
only check 00~07 channels, ignore 08~31 chan nels.

The start “compare word” can be set with n umbers in Hex, the default setting of
start compare word is 000000 69 an d m eans once Hex number 69 appears in
00~07 channels in the input data str eams,

00~07 channels is “01101001”

，the trigger conditions is satisfied.

in other words when the logic level of

Different f rom start conditions, th e trigger conditions sets three trigger limit
switches, <, =, >, which are useful for testing the data fluctuant limit to the tested
signals. The trigger limit switch can be set with n um ber keys, press 【 1 】 to
connect the switch,

but only one is connected in the three trigger limit switch,
once one switch is connected, the other two switches are disconnected. The
default setting of the trigger limit switch is "=" connecting.

5.8.5. Event count

When the s am pling pr ocess starts, the instrum ent starts to sample the input
signals, and stores the sampling data in the memory, at the same time,

compares

the sampling data with the trigger conditions and the trigger lim it switch, if the
sampling data satisf y the tr ig ger conditions and the trigger limit switch, means
that it captures a trigger eve nt. In som e applications, the trigger event we care
may appear m any t im es, and the thing we interested in is the situations af ter t he
trigger event appears many times. If we can capture the trigger event f or many
times in one sampling process, that may be more convenient for a na lysis. So t

he
instrument sets a trigger event counter, after the sampling process starts, the
count value f irst ly resets, then the count value adds one when meets t he trigger
event once, till the count value r each es the setting value of the trigger event , the
trigger process finishes.

The trigger events count can be set with numbers in Dec, the setting range is
1~999, the default setting of the trigger event count value is 001.

5.8.6. Trigger select

The trigger select switch can be set with numbers, the key【0】cuts the switch，
the key 【 1 】 connects the switch.

If the trigger select switch is

connec ted

, the

trigger conditions, the trigger limit switch and the event counter are all short­circuit,
instrument

having n o use

.In other words, after sampling process starts, the

does not detect the trigger conditions,

also does not count the event ,

the trigger process finishes unconditionally.

The default setting of the “start select switch” is “connect” in order to make
random sampling drilling justly, and has no specific sampling purpose on
capturing what kind of signal, not need to set the trigger conditions and event
count too. If the setting of the start select switch is “cut”, then only understand
the tested signal clearly and have spec ific sampling purpose, can set th e suitable
trigger conditions, trigger limit switch and event count. Otherwise, if sets these
parameters unsuitably, the trigger process may not finish.

-18-

5.8.7. Store delay

The sampling process can stop in usual after the trigger pr ocess finishes. But in
some applications, we hope to de la y a period of storage time of the sampling data
in order to analyze some signals characteristics after trigger events. So a delay
counter is set in this instrument, after the trigger process finishes, the sampling
process still runs, meanwhile clears the delay counter and counts for sampling
clock, the c ount value adds one each clock c ycle,

the sample process stops wh en

the count value reaches the setting value of the delay counter.

The “store delay” can be set with num bers in Decimalization, the setting range is
1~260000, the unit is the num ber of sample cycles; the default setting of storage
delay is 600 sample cycles.

Because both the default setting of the start select switch and the trigger select
switch are “connected”, we do n’t need to s et the trigger proc es s, just press
【 Single 】 key, the inst rument doesn’t check, but directly starts sampling and
makes storage delay, in other words, the sampling process stops autom atically
after sampling 600 clock c ycles random ly.

5.8.8.

Manually stop sa mple

As already mentioned above, if set the start select switch as disconnected, but
set the start conditions unsuitably, the sampling process can’t start. If set trigger
select switch as disconnected, but set trigger conditions unsu itab ly, th e trigger
process can’t stop. Under such two conditions, the instrument is on th e det ecting
state all the times, until the suitable si gn als appear and displays “sample is
processing, press any key to stop”. To release from this state, just press any key
to stop the sampling process m anua lly. Then one m ust study the tested signals
carefully, reset the trigger process to make sure the sampling process can run
normally.

5.8.9. Trigger cursor

Sometimes there may be one or several vertical red lines in the timing waveforms
interface, they are trigger cursors. The positions of the cursors are t he sampling
data points that satisfy the setting of the trigger conditions in (5.8.4).

The parameter value of the trigger cursor is on the left bottom of the wa veform s
frame in first row, the six numbers on the left of the parameter are the addresses
of the data in Dec that cursor ind icates, the eight numbers on the right of the
parameter are the values of the data in Hex that cursor ind icates, i.e. the
sampling data of th e 32 input channels, every number represents four channels,
according to the general custom, the data from left to right represents the 32
channels of waveforms from the top to t he bottom in turn. Press 【 single 】
repeatedly for sampling and indication. Because it is random sam pling, the
position of the trigger cursor line changes every time, the address value in the
parameters of the trigger cursor changes every time, the left six numbers of the
data value change every time, but the right two bits of the parameter value is
always 69. Because the def ault setting of the trigger condition is that 69 in Hex
appears in 00~07 channels, other channels are ignored. That means the position
that the trigger curs or line displays in the timing waveform s interface, is

the data

points which is fully in line with the trigger conditions.

-19-

The trigger cursor is the sam e as the above description in data listing interface,
displa ying in a row of red data. The left line is address value of cursor in
Decimalization, middle line is data value of cursor in Hex, and the Bin data value
of cursor is on the right line.

5.9 Save/Recall

The use of the logic Analyzer is complicated, th ere is a lot of parameters to set ,
through the descriptions in t he foregoing sections, we can know that if some
parameters set improper, the sample doesn’t start, even it star ts, maybe it can’t
sample the data we ne ed. And even it samples the data we need, it may be not
easy to analyze. Therefore, we need to read the descriptions of foregoing
sections to understand the settings of these parameters. The logic analyzer isn’t
as popular as the oscilloscopes; the operations of the logic analyzer may have
big d if ferences from different manufacturers, for users’ conven ie nce, this
instrument s ets an internal code generator and a set of t ypic al default parameters,
which can demonstrate the various functions of the instrument better.

5.9.1. Parameters storage

The application area of the logic analyzer is broad; the parameters se tt ings may
be different in various application occas ions, so just using the default settings is
obviously not enough. To set parameters users need every time repeatedly is
very troublesome in each use, so it sets parameter “save” function and save the
present param eters s ettings of the instrument f or th e further use，press【save】
ke y. The instrum ent will query firstly “Store? 0: prameter, 1: waveform, 2: cancel”.
Press【0】ke y to save the all currently setting parameters，even not lose when
power-off.

5.9.2. Waveform storage

In practical application, catching an inter esting sample data is not so eas y for
some little probability affairs. So user can set waveform storage function to save
caught sam ple data for further analysis. The length of wave is 16348 s ample data.
Start address is current displayed window address. User can change the
displa yed window addres s by method of setting param eters or moving figure.
Then press【save】 key. The instrument will query firstly “Store? 0: prameter, 1:

waveform, 2: cancel”. Press【1】save data with length of 16k, current displ ayed
window as start address.

5.9.3. Cancel the storage

If user press the【save】key by mistak e and need not to save the current setting
parameter or waveform , you can press 【 2 】 k ey cancel operation. Original
parameters or waveform won’t be destroyed.

5.9.4. Recall

Press【Recall】to recall the saved parameters and waveform data. After recalling,
you can dis play them with window and data list, also can measure and analyze
them in different ways. Recalled wa ve always exits except that user sam ple again.
But after pressing【 Single 】or【Run/Stop】, new data will be shown. If needed,
saved waveform data will be recalled by pressing【Recall】again.

-20-

5.10. Reset

Every time the power is turn ed o n, t he instr um ent firstl y loads the default
parameters settings, and then stores the defau lt param eters settings. If modify
the parameter setting in use proc ess, and lead the instrument can’t work normally,
can press【 Reset】to recall the default parameters settings for initialization to
make instrum ent run norm ally.

5.11 Programmable interface

Instrument configures USB device interface an d RS232 interface; user can se nd
programm able command to instrument by c om puter. Instrument will work
according with the command. Also it can upload the sample data int o computer
and display the sample waveform or data list on computer screen. Us er can refer
to CDROM for detail instruction.

5.12. Remote update

With function of remote update, user can upda te the system software through the
interface. Please refer to CDROM for detail instruction.

6. Specifications

6.1. Input characteristics

* Input Channel: 32 data sample channels, two external clock channels.
* Threshold voltage: 6 independentl y adjustable threshold voltages
* Adjusting range: -6V to +6V, Resolution: 0.1V
* Input impedance: Resistance >100kΩ Capacitance <8pf
* Input range: 500mVpp to 20Vpp
* Input protection: m aximum input voltage ±40V, no damage

6.2. Sample / Storage characteristics

* Timing Sam ple: internal clock, Sampling Rate 1Hz to 100MHz (10ns to

1s cycle), resolution: 10ns
* State Sample: external clock clk1, external clock clk2
* Sampling rate: 1Hz to 35MHz
* Clock limit: external clock: clk1 AND clk2; clk1 OR clk2
* Sample phase: rising edge, falling edge
* Sampling objective: internal code-generator, external signal source
* Sample control: single sampling, continuous repetitive sampling
* Storage depth: 256 K sampling points for each channel

6.3. Trigger characteristics

* Start conditions: 32bits start-select, 32bits start-compare word
* Start select: select-switch: On/Off
* Trigger conditions: 32bits trigger select, 32bits trigger comparing word
* Trigger Limit: select switch : >, =, <
* Event counter: 1 to 999 times
* Trigger select: select switch: On/Off
* Store delay: 1 to 256K sample cycles

-21-

6.4. Display characteristics

* Screen display: 5.7-inch color LCD screen, resolution: 320 × 240 points
* Display format: 8-channel timing waveforms, 18 rows data lists
* Waves rolling: 32 Channels vertical rolling display, 256K data points

plane rolling display
* Lists rolling: 256K data rows vertical rolling display
* Waveform s Zoom : horizontal zoom times: 1 to 100, scale: 1ns/div to 4s/div

6.5. Cursor characteristics

* Measure Cursor 1: floating c ursor, floats arbitrarily in display screen, and not

moves together with the waveform s or the lists.
* Measure Cursor 2: Sticking cursor as a reference point sticks on the

waveforms or lists, moving together with it.
* Cursor measure: move the position of the cursor can dynamically displa y

the data values, the address distance and the interval of

the two cursors.
* Trigger cursor: the sample point accords with the trigger conditi ons.
* Search cursor: the sample point accords with the search conditions.

6.6. Internal code-generator

* Code Type: 00 to 15 channels are counters with adding on e, 16 to 29

channels are shift pulses, 30 to 31 channels are used for

monitoring external clock clk1 and clk2
* Code Rate: frequency: 1Hz to 50MHz (cycle 20ns to 1s) resolution:

10ns

6.7. Operation characteristics

Keyboard operations, continuous adjustment knob

6.8. Power conditions:

* Voltage: 100~240V
* Frequency: 60Hz (1± 5% )
* Power : <30VA

6.9. Environmental conditions:

* Temperature: 0 to 40°C humidity: <80%

6.10. Dimensions

* Dimensions: 329 mm × 283 mm × 155 mm
* weight: 3 k g

-22-

All rights, also for translation, reprinting and copy of this manual or parts are reserved.

Reproduction of all kinds (photocopy, microfilm or other) only by written permission of the
publisher.

This manual considers the latest technical knowing. Technical changings which are in the
interest of progress reserved.

We herewith confirm, that the units are calibrated by the factory according to the
specifications as per the technical specifications.

We recommend to calibrate the unit again, after one year.

© PeakTech® 05/2012/Ho.

PeakTech Prüf- und Messtechnik GmbH - Kornkamp 32 - DE-22926 Ahrensburg / Germany

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