PCRmax Balamuthia mandrillaris Instruction Manual
small subunit ribosomal RNA
Balamuthia
mandrillaris
PCRmax Ltd qPCR test
TM
150 tests
For general laboratory and research use only
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Balamuthia mandrillaris is a species of amoeba of the Balamuthiidae family. The unicellular protozoan has a vesicular nucleus and is 30-120um in diameter. This species is
known to cause Granulomatous encephalitis and primary aemoebic meningoencephalitis in
humans.
B. mandrillaris cysts gain access to the body via breaks in the skin or via the airways upon
inhalation. The protozoan may either localise in the skin causing lesions or move to the
brain via the bloodstream, causing encephalitis. The cysts subsequently transform to the
next stage of its life cycle. The cyst wall disappears, the nucleus divides twice and the
protozoan enters the infectious, trophozoite stage. Trophozoites replicate by mitosis and
cause inflammatory necrosis in the infected region. This stage of the life cycle then
develops into a new cyst with a glycogen vacuole and outer wall which is then ready to
infect new hosts.
Infections with B. mandrillaris are generally seen only in individuals with weakened
immune systems. Granulomatus Encephalitis causes symptoms including headaches,
fever, seizures and facial paralysis and is most usually fatal. Primary aemoebic
meningoencephalitis initially presents with headache, nausea and neck muscle paralysis
but progresses to an irreversible coma after which, death from respiratory failure occurs.
Antimicrobial treatment can only offer limited success in treatment of infection partly due to
the late initial use of the treatment. This is due to late diagnosis as symptoms are similar to
encephalitis caused by other infections and B. mandrillaris infections are much rarer.
Introduction to Balamuthia mandrillaris
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MIN
MAX
Our kit for Balamthia mandrillaris has been designed for the specific and exclusive in
vitro quantification of this species . The ribosomal gene, is the ideal target to achieve a
broad based detection profile for all isolates. The primers and probe sequences in this kit
have 100% homology with a broad range of clinically relevant reference sequences
based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Other closely related species are not
detected.
The PCR Max qPCR Kit for Balamuthia mandrillaris (B.mandrillaris) genomes is designed
for the in vitro quantification of B.mandrillaris genomes. The kit is designed to have the
broadest detection profile possible whilst remaining specific to the B.mandrillaris genome.
The primers and probe sequences in this kit have 100% homology with a broad range of
B.mandrillaris sequences based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.
If you require further information, or have a specific question about the detection profile of
this kit then please send an e.mail to help@pcrmax.com and our bioinformatics team will
answer your question.
Specificity
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Kit Contents
• B.mandrillaris specific primer/probe mix (150 reactions BROWN)
FAM labelled
• B.mandrillaris positive control template (for Standard curve RED)
• Internal extraction control primer/probe mix (150 reactions BROWN)
VIC labelled as standard
• Internal extraction control DNA (150 reactions BLUE)
• Endogenous control primer/probe mix (150 reactions BROWN)
FAM labelled
• RNAse/DNAse free water (WHITE)
for resuspension of primer/probe mixes and internal extraction control DNA
• Template preparation buffer (YELLOW)
for resuspension of positive control template and standard curve preparation
Reagents and equipment to be supplied by the user
Real-Time PCR Instrument
DNA extraction kit
This kit designed to work well with all processes that yield high quality DNA with minimal
PCR inhibitors.
Lyophilised 2x qPCR Mastermix
This kit is designed to be compatible with all commercially available Mastermixes that run
with standard cycling conditions.
Pipettors and Tips
Vortex and centrifuge
Thin walled 1.5 ml PCR reaction tubes
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