Paccar PX-9 Operator’s Manual Paccar PX-9 Operator’s Manual

Contents

Safety

Emergency

Controls

Driving

Maintenance

Information

Index

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

©2015PACCARInc-AllRightsReserved

Thismanualillustratesanddescribestheoperationoffeaturesorequipmentwhichmaybeeitherstandardoroptionalon
thisvehicle.Thismanualmayalsoincludeadescriptionoffeaturesandequipmentwhicharenolongeravailableorwere
notorderedonthisvehicle.Pleasedisregardanyillustrationsordescriptionsrelatingtofeaturesorequipmentwhichare
notonthisvehicle.

PACCARreservestherighttodiscontinue,changespecications,orchangethedesignofitsvehiclesatanytime,without
noticeandwithoutincurringanyobligation.

TheinformationcontainedinthismanualisproprietarytoPACCAR.Reproduction,inwholeorinpart,byanymeansisstrictly
prohibitedwithoutpriorwrittenauthorizationfromP ACCARInc.

SAFETY

INTRODUCTION

1

SafetyAlerts..................1-3

Foreword...................1-4

Illustrations...................1-5

GeneralSafetyInstructions............1-5

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INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

SafetyAlerts

Pleasereadandfollowallofthe
safetyalertscontainedinthismanual.
Theyarethereforyourprotection
andinformation.Thesealertscan
helpyouavoidinjurytoyourself,your
passengers,andhelppreventcostly
damagetothevehicle.Safetyalerts
arehighlightedbysafetyalertsymbols
andsignalwordssuchas“WARNING”,
“CAUTION”,or“NOTE”.PleaseDO
NOTignoreanyofthesealerts.

WARNING

WARNING!

Thesafetyalertfollowingthissymbol
andsignalwordprovidesawarning
againstoperatingprocedureswhich
couldcausedeathorinjury .Theycould
alsocauseequipmentorproperty
damage.Thealertwillidentifythe
hazard,howtoavoidit,andthe
probableconsequenceofnotavoiding
thehazard.

Example:

WARNING!

Hotengineoilcanbedangerous.
Youcouldbeburned.Lettheen­gineoilcooldownbeforechanging
it.Failuretocomplymayresultin
death,personalinjury,equipment
orpropertydamage.

CAUTION

CAUTION

Thesafetyalertfollowingthissymbol
andsignalwordprovidesacaution
againstoperatingprocedureswhich
couldcauseequipmentorproperty
damage.Thealertwillidentifythe
hazard,howtoavoidit,andthe
probableconsequenceofnotavoiding
thehazard.

Example:

CAUTION

Continuingtooperateyourvehi­clewithinsufcientoilpressure
willcauseseriousenginedamage.
Failuretocomplymayresultin
equipmentorpropertydamage.

1

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INTRODUCTION

NOTE

1

Thealertfollowingthissymboland
signalwordprovidesimportant
informationthatisnotsafetyrelated
butshouldbefollowed.Thealert
willhighlightthingsthatmaynotbe
obviousandisusefultoyourefcient
operationofthevehicle.

Example:

Pumpingtheacceleratorwillnot
assistinstartingtheengine.

NOTE

NOTE

Foreword

Thismanualcontainsinformationfor
thecorrectoperationandmaintenance
ofyourPACCARengine.Readand
followallsafetyinstructions.Referto
theWARNINGinthe“GeneralSafety
Instructions”beginningonpage1-5.
Keepthismanualwiththeequipment.
Iftheequipmentistradedorsold,give
themanualtothenewowner.

Theinformation,specications,
andrecommendedmaintenance
guidelinesinthismanualarebased
oninformationineffectatthetime
ofprinting.P ACCARreserves
therighttomakechangesatany
timewithoutobligation.Ifyound
differencesbetweenyourengineand
theinformationinthismanual,contact
yourlocalPACCARAuthorizedRepair
Locationorwriteto:

PACCARc/oPACCAREngines

POBox1518

Bellevue,WA98009

Thelatesttechnologyandthe
highestqualitycomponentswere
usedtoproducethisengine.When
replacementpartsareneeded,we
recommendusingonlygenuineparts
fromP ACCAR.

NOTE

Warrantyinformationincludingthe
EPAandCaliforniaEmissionWar­rantyislocatedinthesectionen­titled“WARRANTY”onpage6-8.
Makesureyouarefamiliarwiththe
warrantyorwarrantiesapplicable
toyourengine.

1-4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

INTRODUCTION

Illustrations

GeneralInformation

Someoftheillustrationsthroughout
thismanualaregenericandwill
NOTlookexactlyliketheengineor
partsusedinyourapplication.The
illustrationscancontainsymbols
toindicateanactionrequiredand
anacceptableorNOTacceptable
condition.

Theillustrationsareintendedtoshow
repairorreplacementprocedures.
Theprocedurewillbethesameforall

applications,althoughtheillustration
maydiffer.

GeneralSafetyInstructions

ImportantSafetyNotice

WARNING!

Improperpractices,careless­ness,orignoringanywarnings
maycausedeath,personalinjury,
equipmentorpropertydamage.

Beforeperforminganyrepair,readand
understandallofthesafetyprecautions
andwarnings.Thefollowingisalistof
generalsafetyprecautionsthatmust
befollowedtoprovidepersonalsafety .
Failuretofollowtheseinstructions
maycausedeathorinjury.Special
safetyprecautionsareincludedinthe
procedureswhentheyapply.

•Usethepropertoolformanually

rotatingtheengine.DONOT
attempttorotatethecrankshaft
bypullingorpryingonthe
fan.Thispracticecancause
death,personalinjury ,equipment
damage,ordamagetothefan

1

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5

INTRODUCTION

1

blades,causingprematurefan
failure.

•Workareasshouldbedry,welllit,

wellventilated,freefromclutter,
loosetools,parts,ignitionsources
andhazardoussubstances.

•Wearprotectiveglassesand

protectiveshoeswhenworking.

•DONOTwearloose-ttingortorn

clothing.Tiebackand/ortuck
inlonghair.Removealljewelry
whenworking.

•Beforebeginninganyrepair,

disconnectthebattery(negative
(-)cable)anddischargeany
capacitors.

•Puta“DONOTOPERATE”tagin

theoperator'scompartmentoron
thecontrols.

•Allowtheenginetocoolbefore

slowlylooseningthecoolantller
captorelievethepressurefrom

thecoolingsystem.See“Cooling
System”onpage5-15formore
informationoncoolingsystem
maintenance.

WARNING!

Removingthellcaponahoten­ginecancausescaldingcoolant
tosprayoutandburnyoubadly.
Iftheenginehasbeeninopera­tionwithintheprevious30minutes,
beverycarefulinremovingthell
cap.Protectface,hands,andarms
againstescapinguidandsteam
bycoveringthecapwithalarge,
thickrag.DONOTtrytoremove
ituntilthesurgetankcoolsdown
orifyouseeanysteamorcoolant
escaping.Inanysituation,remove
thecapveryslowlyandcarefully .
Bereadytobackoffifanysteam
orcoolantbeginstoescape.

•Alwaysusewheelchocksor

properjackstandstosupportthe

vehicleorvehiclecomponents
beforeperforminganyservice
work.DONOTworkonanything
thatissupportedonlybylifting
jacksorahoist.Beforerestinga
vehicleonjackstands,besurethe
standsareratedfortheloadyou
willbeplacingonthem.

•Beforeremovingordisconnecting

anylines,ttings,orrelateditems,
relieveallpressureintheair,oil,
fuel,andcoolingsystems.Remain
alertforpossiblepressurewhen
disconnectinganydevicefroma
systemthatcontainspressure.
Highpressureoilorfuelcancause
deathorpersonalinjury .

•Alwayswearprotectiveclothing

whenworkingonanyrefrigerant
linesandmakesurethatthe
workplaceiswellventilated.
Inhalationoffumescancause
deathorpersonalinjury .To
protecttheenvironment,liquid
refrigerantsystemsmustbe

1-

6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

INTRODUCTION

properlyemptiedandlled
usingequipmentthatprevents
thereleaseofrefrigerantgas.
Federallawrequirescapturing
andrecyclingrefrigerant.

•Whenmovingorliftinganyheavy

equipmentorparts,makesure
tousepropertechniquesand
assistance.Ensurealllifting
devicessuchaschains,hooks,or
slingsareingoodconditionand
areofthecorrectloadcapacity.
Makesureanyliftingdevicesare
positionedcorrectly .

•Corrosioninhibitorsandlubricating

oilsmaycontainalkali.DONOT
getthesubstanceineyesand
avoidprolongedorrepeated
contactwithskin.DONOT
swallow.Ifingested,seek
immediatemedicalattention.DO
NOTinducevomiting.Incaseof
contact,immediatelywashskin
withsoapandwater.Incase
ofharmfulcontact,immediately

contactaphysician.Alwayskeep
anychemicalsOUTOFREACH
OFCHILDREN.

•NapthaandMethylEthylKetone

(MEK)areammablematerials
andmustbeusedwithcaution.
Followthemanufacturer's
instructionstoensuresafetywhen
usingthesematerials.Always
keepanychemicalsOUTOF
REACHOFCHILDREN.

•Whenworkingonthevehicle,

bealertforhotpartsonsystems
thathavejustbeenturnedoff,
exhaustgasow,andhotuidsin
lines,tubes,andcompartments.
Contactwithanyhotsurfacemay
causeburns.

•Alwaysusetoolsthatareingood

condition.Makesureyouhave
theproperunderstandingofhow
tousethetoolsbeforeperforming
anyservicework.Useonly

genuinereplacementpartsfrom
PACCAR.

•Alwaysusethesamefastener

partnumber(orequivalent)when
replacingitems.DONOTuse
afasteneroflesserqualityif
replacementsarenecessary.
(e.g.,DONOTreplacea10.9
gradewith8.8grade.)

•Alwaystorquefastenersand

fuelconnectionstotherequired
specications.Overtightening
orunder-tighteningcanallow
leakage.Closethemanual
fuelvalvespriortoperforming
maintenanceandrepairs,and
whenstoringthevehicleinside.

•DONOTperformanyrepairwhen

impaired,tired,fatiguedorafter
consumingalcoholordrugsthat
canimpairyourfunctioning.

•Somestateandfederalagencies

intheUnitedStatesofAmerica

1

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7

INTRODUCTION

1

havedeterminedthatusedengine
oilcanbecarcinogenicandcan
causereproductivetoxicity.Avoid
inhalationofvapors,ingestion,
andprolongedcontactwithused
engineoil.

•DONOTconnectthejumper

startingorbatterychargingcables
toanyignitionorgovernorcontrol
wiring.Thiscancauseelectrical
damagetotheignitionorgovernor.

•Coolantistoxic.Ifnotreused,

disposeofcoolantinaccordance
withlocalenvironmental
regulations.

•CaliforniaProposition65Warning

-Dieselengineexhaustandsome
ofitsconstituentsareknownto
theStateofCaliforniatocause
cancer,birthdefects,andother
reproductiveharm.

•Thecatalystsubstratelocatedin

theDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)

containsvanadiumpentoxide,
whichhasbeendeterminedbythe
StateofCaliforniatocausecancer.
Alwayswearprotectiveclothing
andeyeprotectionwhenhandling
thecatalystassembly.Dispose
ofthecatalystinaccordance
withlocalregulations.Ifcatalyst
materialgetsintotheeyes,
immediatelyoodeyeswithwater
foraminimumof15minutes.
Avoidprolongedcontactwithskin.
Incaseofcontact,immediately
washskinwithsoapandwater.
Incaseofharmfulcontact,
immediatelycontactaphysician.

CAUTION

Corrosivechemicalscandamage
theengine.DONOTusecorrosive
chemicalsontheengine.Failure
tocomplymayresultinequipment,
orpropertydamage.

1-8Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WHATTODOIF ...

YouNeedRoadsideAssistance..........2-3

StopEngineLampTurnsOn...........2-3

EngineOilPressureLampTurnsOn........2-4

CheckEngineLampTurnsOn..........2-5

EngineisOverheating..............2-5

EMERGENCY

2

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WHATTODOIF ...

WHATTODOIF...

YouNeedRoadside Assistance

Calltoll-freetotalktosomeoneatthe
PACCARCustomerCenter:

•Kenworthcustomers,

call1-800-KW-ASSIST
(1-800-592-7747).

•Peterbiltcustomers,call

1-800-4-PETERBILT
(1-800-473-8372).

•Open24-7-365daysayear.

•Theycanhelpyougetroadside

assistance.

•Theyhaveacustommapping

systemwhichlocatesauthorized
PACCARenginedealersand
IndependentServiceProviders
(ISPs)nearyouandliststypes

ofservicesoffered,hoursof
operationandcontactinformation.

•Theycanassistwithjumpand

pullstarts,tires,trailers,nesand
permits,chains,towing,hazardous
clean-up,outoffuel(roadside),
mechanicalrepairsandpreventive
maintenanceservices.

•Theyhavemultilingualagentsand

accesstoatranslationservice
toensurequalityassistance
forcustomerswhospeakany
language.

•Theycan’tansweryourwarranty

questions,butcangetyouin
contactwithanauthorizeddealer
whocan.

•ThePACCARCustomerCenter

serviceisFREE.

StopEngineLampTurnsOn

2

StopEngineLamp-IftheStop

Enginewarninglampilluminates,it
meansyouhaveaseriousengine
systemproblem.

WARNING!

Thisshouldbeconsideredan
emergency.Youshouldstopthe
vehicleassafelyaspossibleand
turnOFFtheignition.Theve­hiclemustbeservicedandthe
problemcorrectedbeforedriving
again.Failuretodosomayresult
inpersonalinjury,severeengine
damage,equipmentorproperty
damage.

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B12-3

WHATTODOIF ...

EngineOilPressureLamp TurnsOn

2

EngineOilPressureGauge-Itis

importanttomaintainoilpressure
withinacceptablelimits.Ifoilpressure
dropsbelowtheminimumpsiared
warninglampontheoilpressure
gaugeandtheStopEngineLampwill
comeON.

CAUTION

Continuingtooperateyourvehicle
withinsufcientoilpressuremay
causesevereenginedamage,
equipmentorpropertydamage.

•Iftheoilpressurefailstorisewithin

10secondsaftertheenginestarts,
stoptheengineanddeterminethe
cause.

•See“LubricatingOilSystem”

onpage5-14,forthecorrectoil
pressurerangesforyourvehicle's
engine.

•Iftheoilpressuresuddenlydrops,

ortheaudiblealarmandengine
oilpressurewarninglightcomeon
whiledriving,dothefollowing:

1.Slowdowncarefully.

2.Moveasafedistanceofftheroad
andstop.

3.Placethetransmissioninneutral
(N)andsettheparkingbrake.
(SeeParkingBrakeValveand
OperatingtheTransmissionin
yourvehicleOperator'sManual,
fortransmissionshiftingand
parkingbrakeinformation.)

4.TurnOFFtheengine.

5.TurnONtheemergencyasher
anduseotherwarningdevicesto
alertothermotorists.

6.Waita15–20minutestoallow
oiltodrainintotheengineoil
pan,andthenchecktheoillevel.
(See“InspectionoftheEngineOil
Level”onpage5-3.)

7.Addoilifnecessary .Iftheproblem
persists,contactanauthorized
PACCARenginedealerassoon
aspossible.

2-

4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WHATTODOIF ...

CheckEngineLampTurns On

CheckEngineLamp-Turnsonwhen

aproblemexists,butthevehiclecan
stillbesafelydriven.Vehicleshouldbe
servicedtocorrecttheproblembutthe
situationshouldnotbeconsideredan
emergency.

EngineisOverheating

CAUTION

Thecoolingsystemmayover­heatiftheenginecoolantisatthe
minimumlevel.Asuddenlossof
coolant,causedbyasplithose
orbrokenhoseclampcouldalso
leadtoanoverheatcondition.Al­waysinspecttoensurehosesand
clampsarenotcracked,worn,or
loose.Failuretocomplymayresult
inequipmentorpropertydamage.

NOTE

Thesystemmayalsotemporarily
overheatduringsevereoperating
conditionssuchas:

•Climbingahillonahotday.

•Stoppingafterhigh-speed/
high-loaddriving.

•Debrisblockingairow
throughthecoolingmodule
(radiator).

Iftheenginecoolanttemperature
warninglampcomesonandthe
audiblealarmsoundsshowingan
overheatcondition,orifyouhaveany
otherreasontosuspecttheengine
maybeoverheating,DONOTTURN
OFFTHEENGINEunlessalowwater
warningdeviceindicatesalossof
coolant.Followthesesteps:

•Reduceenginespeed,or

stop.Whenstopped,placethe

2

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B12-

5

WHATTODOIF ...

transmissioninneutral(N)andset
theparkingbrake.“Seethevehicle
operator'smanualforinstructions
ontransmissionshiftingand

2

parkingbrakeinformation.”

•Checktoensurethattheoil

pressuregaugereadsnormal.

•Increasetheenginespeedto

1,100to1,200RPMmaximumfor
twotothreeminutes.

•Monitortheenginetemperature.

Afterthetemperaturereturns
tonormal,allowtheengineto
idle

threetoveminutesbefore
shuttingitoff.Thisallowsthe
enginetocoolgraduallyand
uniformly.

•Iftheoverheatingcamefrom

severeoperatingconditions,the
temperatureshouldhavecooled
bythistime.

•Besurethevehicleisparkedon

levelgroundorthereadingsmay
beincorrect.Checkthecoolant
levelatthecoolingmodulesurge
tank.

WARNING!

Toreducethechanceofper­sonalinjuryand/orvehicledamage
causedbyengineoverheating,
neverleavetheengineidling
thevehicleisunattended.Iftheen­gineoverheats,immediateaction
isrequiredtocorrectthecondition.
Continuedunattendedoperation
oftheengine,evenforashort
time,mayresultinseriousengine
damageorare.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

WARNING!

Removingthellcaponahoten­ginecancausescaldingcoolant
tosprayoutandburnyoubadly.
Iftheenginehasbeeninopera­tionwithintheprevious30minutes,
beverycarefulinremovingthell
cap.Protectface,hands,andarms
againstescapinguidandsteam

when

bycoveringthecapwithalarge,
thickrag.DONOTtrytoremove
ituntilthesurgetankcoolsdown
orifyouseeanysteamorcoolant
escaping.Inanysituation,remove
thecapveryslowlyandcarefully .
Bereadytobackoffifanysteam
orcoolantbeginstoescape.See
thevehicleoperator'smanualfor
instructionsoncheckingandlling
thecoolingmodulesurgetank.

2-6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WHATTODOIF ...

CAUTION

Prolongedperiodsofidlingafter
theenginehasreachedoperat­ingtemperaturescandecrease
enginetemperatureandcould
causeenginedamagefrominad­equatelubrication.Thenormal
torsionalvibrationsgeneratedcan
alsocausetransmissionwear.An
idle

shutdownfeature,available
onPACCARengines,canbepro­grammedtoshuttheenginedown
afteraperiodoflowidleoperation
withnodriveractivity.Aashing
warninglampwillinformthedriver
ofanimpendingshutdown.Failure
tocomplymayresultinequipment
orpropertydamage.

CAUTION

Ifthetruckisequippedwithpower
takeoff(PTO)equipment,theen­gineshutdownsystemcanbede­activatedwhenthePTOisoper­ational;however,engineidle
riodsshouldnotexceedvemin­uteswheneverpossible.Failureto
complymayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

2

pe-

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CONTROLS

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

EngineWarningLamps.............3-3

EngineOperatingRange.............3-6

EngineBrakingSystem.............3-7

3

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OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS

EngineWarningLamps

GeneralInformation

Thefollowingenginewarninglamps
sectioncoversonlythelamps
controlledbytheengine’sElectronic
ControlModule(ECM).Pleaserefer
tothevehicle“Operator'sManual”
and“EngineAftertreatementSystems”
manualforadditionalwarninglamp
information.

WaittoStartLamp

The“WaittoStart”lampilluminates
whentheintakeairheater(gridheater)
needstowarmtheintakeairpriorto
startingtheengine.

TheON-timeforthe“WaittoStart”
lampwillvarydependingonthe
ambientairtemperature.See“Normal
StartingProcedure”onpage4-4.

Forvehiclesequippedwithan“Engine
Starting-MotorProtection”feature,
anotherfunctionofthe“WaittoStart”
lampistoashfortwominutesif
thestartingmotorisengagedfor30
secondsormore.

The“WaittoStart”lampcanlooklike:

•Thewords“WaittoStart”spelled

out

•Asymbolsimilartothegraphic

illustrated

•Thecolorofthesymbolor

wordscanvary,basedonthe
manufacturerofthevehicle,but
willtypicallyberedoramber.

3

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OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

CheckEngineLamp

The“CheckEngine”lampilluminates
whentheengineneedsserviceatthe

3

rstavailableopportunity .

The“CheckEngine”lampisamber,
andcanlooklike:

•Thewords“WARNING”or

“CHECKENGINE”spelledout.

•Asymbolofanengine,similarto

thegraphicillustrated.

The“CheckEngine”lampislocated
onthefaceofthetachometerand
illuminateswhenaproblemexists,
butthevehiclecanstillbesafely
driven.Thevehicleshouldbeserviced
tocorrecttheproblem,butthe
situationshouldnotbeconsideredan

emergency.The“CheckEngine”lamp
willactivateforseveralreasons.These
includebutarenotlimitedto:Waterin
fuelandDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)
regenerationrequired.

The“CheckEngine”lampistoashfor
30secondsatkeyONwhenoneofthe
followingoccurs.Thisashingfunction
isreferredtoasthe“maintenance”
lamp.The“maintenance”lampcould
ashforanyofthefollowingreasons:

•Maintenancerequired(ifthe

MaintenanceMonitorisenabled).

•Water-in-fuelisdetected.

•Coolantlevelislow.

MalfunctionIndicatorLamp

The“MalfunctionIndicatorLamp”(MIL)
illuminateswhenanengineemissions
failurehasoccurred.Thevehicle
canbesafelydrivenbutshouldbe
servicedtocorrecttheproblem.The
situationshouldnotbeconsideredan
emergency.Insomecases,theMIL
willactivateinconjunctionwiththe
“HighExhaustSystemT emperature,”
DPFand“DieselExhaustFluid”(DEF)
warninglamps.

3-4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

StopEngineLamp

Thestopenginewarninglampwill
illuminate,andanaudibletonewill
sound,whenamajorengineproblem
exists.

WARNING!

Thisshouldbeconsideredan
emergency.Youshouldstopthe
vehicleassafelyaspossibleand
turnOFFtheignition.Theve­hiclemustbeservicedandthe
problemcorrectedbeforedriving
again.Failuretocomplymayresult
inpersonalinjury,severeengine
damage,equipmentorproperty
damage.

Forengineswiththeengine-protection
shutdownfeatureenabled,the
stopenginelampwillbeginto
ash30secondsbeforetheengine
automaticallyshutsdown.The
warninglampalertstheoperatortothe
impendingshutdown.

Thelampwillalsoilluminatewhenthe
DEFtankisalmostemptyorthesoot
levelintheDPFisatfullcapacity.At
thislevelwarning,regenerationcannot
beperformedandenginepowerwill
bederated.

Enginemayautomaticallyshutdownif
thecheckenginelampandstopengine
lampareilluminatedandtheoperator
doesnotcorrectthecondition.

HighExhaustSystemT emperature
(HEST)WarningLamp

HESTWarningLamp

Keepvehicleasafedistancefrom
combustibleitems.Referto“Engine
AftertreatmentSystemsOperator's
Manual,NoticationofHighExhaust
SystemT emperature”forimportant
safetyinformation.

3

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OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)
WarningLamp

DPFWarningLamp

3

Referto“EngineAftertreatment
SystemsOperator'sManual”for
additionalinformation.

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Lamp

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Lamp

Referto“EngineAftertreatment
SystemsOperator'sManual”for
additionalinformation.

EngineOperatingRange

GeneralInformation

CAUTION

Operatingtheengineatfullthrottle
belowpeaktorquewillshortenen­ginelifetooverhaul,cancausese­riousenginedamage,andiscon­sideredengineabuse.DONOT
operatetheengineatfullthrottle
operationbelowpeaktorqueRPM
formorethan30seconds.Failure
tocomplymayresultinequipment
orpropertydamage.

3-6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

PACCARenginesaredesignedto
operateatfullthrottleundermomentary
conditionsdowntopeaktorqueengine
speed.Thisisconsistentwith
recommendedoperatingpractices.

CAUTION

Operatingtheenginebeyond
themaximumenginespeedcan
causesevereenginedamage.
Useproperoperatingtechniques
forthevehicletopreventengine
overspeed.Themaximumengine
speedspecicationislistedinthe
“GeneralEngineSpecications”
onpage5-13.Failuretocomply
mayresultinequipmentorprop­ertydamage.

CAUTION

DONOTidletheengineforex­cessivelylongperiods.Longpe­riodsofidling,morethan10min­utes,cancausepoorengineper­formance

NOTE

Forapplicationswithhigh
idle-time,tohelpreducesootload­ingintheaftertreatmentsystem,
avoidlongperiodsofidling.Ifidling
isrequired,increaseidle-speed
usingthecruisecontrolfunction.

EngineBrakingSystem

VariableGeometryTurbo(VGT)
BrakeSystemGeneralInformation

3

1.SlidingNozzle

Thisenginemaybeequippedwitha
variablegeometryturbocharger(VGT)
withanexhaustbrakefeature.This
featureallowsthevariablegeometry
turbochargertoactasanexhaust
brakebyretardingthespeedofthe
enginetoprovideadditionalvehicle
brakingpowerandextendthelifeofthe
vehicleservicebrakes.TheON/OFF

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B13-

7

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

functioniscontrolledbyaswitch
locatedonthedashofthevehicle.
Theengine(VGT)exhaustbrake
worksbyretardingenginespeedby
creatinghighexhaustbackpressure.
Thisbackpressureisobtainedby
restrictingairowthroughtheturbine
housingoftheturbocharger.This
restrictionthroughtheturbinehousing

3

iscreatedthroughpositioningofthe
slidingnozzle(1)locatedinternally
totheturbocharger.Thepositionof
theslidingnozzleiscontrolledby
theengineelectroniccontrolmodule
(ECM).Thisoptionmaynotbe
availableonyourvehicle.

WARNING!

Theexhaustbrakeisnotintended
astheprimarybrakeforthevehi­cle,norisitanemergencybrake.
Theservicebrakesmustbeused
inanemergency.Relyingsolelyon
theexhaustbraketostoptheve­hicleinanemergencycouldcause
anaccidentandleadtopersonal
injury.Theexhaustbrakeonly
helpstheservicebrakesbyusing
pressuretoslowthedrivetrain.
Youmustusetheservicebrakes
forquickoremergencystops.Fail­uretocomplymayresultindeath,
personalinjury ,equipmentorprop­ertydamage.

WARNING!

DONOTusetheexhaustbrake
whenoperatingonsurfacewith
poortraction(suchaswet,icyor
snowcoveredroads).Retarders
cancausethewheelstoskidon
aslipperysurface.Y oucouldlose
controlofthevehicleandjacknifeif
thewheelsbegintoskid,resulting
inanaccident.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

3-8Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

WARNING!

DONOTuseanexhaustbrake
whendrivingbobtailorwithanun­loadedtrailer.Theremaynotbe
enoughweightontherearaxleto
providetraction.Thiscouldcause
alossofcontrolandjackknifere­sultinginaninjuryaccident.Make
suretheexhaustbrakeisswitched
“OFF”whenbobtailingorwithan
unloadedtrailer.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

NOTE

Whentheengine(VGT)exhaust
brakeswitchisinthe“ON”posi­tion,theengine'selectroniccontrol
module(ECM)monitorsinputs
(suchasacceleratorpedalposition
andenginespeed).Fromthesein­puts,theECMdetermineswhento
enabletheengine(VGT)exhaust
brakefeaturewhentheproper
brakingconditionsarepresent.

Otherfeatures/switcheslikecruise
control,canalsoaffectwhenthe
engine(VGT)exhaustbrakeactivates.
Formoreinformationonhowthe
engine(VGT)exhaustbrakefunctions,
refertovehicleoperationmanualor
contactaPACCARAuthorizedRepair
Location.

WARNING!

Toreducethepossibilityofper­sonalinjuryorpropertydamage,
alwaysbepreparedtousetheve­hicleservicebrakesforemergency
stopping.Thesafecontrolspeed
ofavehiclewillvarywiththesize
oftheload,thetypeofload,the
grade,andtheroadconditions.
Failuretocomplymayresultin
death,personalinjury,equipment
orpropertydamage.

NOTE

Theexhaustbrakecanonlybeac­tivatedwhentheacceleratorpedal
isatits“low-idle”position.Withthe
throttleat“low-idle”position,fuel­ingcommandstothecylinderswill
notdetractfromthebrakingpower
ofthebrakesystem.

3

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B13-9

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

NOTE

Theengine(VGT)exhaustbrake
isdesignedtoassistthevehicle's
servicebrakeswhenslowingthe
vehicletoastop.

3

Vehicleservicebrakesmustalwaysbe
used.Theenginebrakeisnotintended
tobeusedastheprimarybrakeofthe
vehicle,norisitanemergencybrake.
Theengineretarderonlyhelpsthe
servicebrakesbyusingpressureto
slowthedrivetrain.Usetheservice
brakesforquickstops.

Exceedinggovernedenginespeed
cancauseenginedamage.Oper­atingtheenginebeyondthemaxi­mumenginespeedmaycausese­riousenginedamageandiscon­sideredengineabuse.Usetheen­gineandvehiclebrakingsystems
tocontrolenginespeed.

Theoptimumbrakingpowerofthe
engine(VGT)exhaustbrakeisreached
atratedenginespeed.Correctgear
selection,therefore,iscritical.

Typically ,onvehiclesequippedwith
automatictransmissions,theengine
electroniccontrolmodule(ECM)and
thetransmissionwilldeterminethe
correctgearselection.

CAUTION

3-

10Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

CompressionBrakeSystem

Theamountofbrakingpoweravailable
inagivenengineseriesvaries.Braking
powerdependsonturbochargerboost
pressure,enginespeed,compression
ratio,injectortiming,andwhenthe
enginebrakesopentheexhaust
valves.

WiththeON/OFFswitchinthe“ON”
position,thebrakeautomatically
createsitsbrakingeffectwhenyou
removeyourfootfromtheaccelerator
pedal.

3

Enginebrakecontrols,withthefuel
system,consistsofthefollowing:

•Atwo-positionselectorswitch

standard(three-positionselector
optional).

•AnON/OFFswitch.

•Aclutchswitch.

•Athrottlesensor.

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B13-11

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

Otherswitchesforcruisecontrolthat
affectenginebrakeoperationsare:

•Servicebrakeairpressureswitch

(ifservicebrakeactuatorfeature
isselected).

•Clutchswitch.

3

•Throttlesensor.

TheECMallowstheenginebrakes
tooperatewhilethecruisecontrolis
turnedon.

Thetwo-positionselectorswitch
(standard)orthree-position(optional)
islocatednexttothe“ON/OFF”switch
inthecab,andallowsyoutoselectthe
retardingpowerofoneortwobrakes.

1Switches

On/OffCC/PTO

ClutchService

ThrottleBrake

“LOW”activatestheenginebrakeon
threecylinders,and“HI”activatesthe
enginebrakeonsixcylinders.

Signalsfromthe“ON/OFF”switch,
clutchswitch,throttlesensor,andthe

cruise/PTOswitchesarefedintothe
ECM.

NOTE

Anyoneoftheseswitchescan
de-activatetheenginebrakes.

TheECMthenelectronicallyenables
ordisablestheenginebrakes.

3-12Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

NOTE

Enginebrakescannotbeenabled:

•Whencruisecontrolisactive
andtheenginebrakesincruise
controlfeatureisturnedoff.

•Whenenginespeedgoes
below850RPM.

•Whentheenginecomputer
recognizesasystemproblem.

Thethrottlesensorispartofthe
acceleratorpedalassemblylocatedin
thecabandwilldeactivatetheengine

brakeswhentheaccelerationpedalis
depressed.

Theclutchswitchusesthemotionof
theclutchlinkagetodeactivatethe
enginebrakeswhentheclutchpedal
isdepressed.

3

Theservicebrakepressureswitch
isattachedtotheservicebrakeair
supplyline.

Applyingtheservicebrakeswhilein
cruisecontrolwilldisengagethecruise
controlandenabletheenginebrakes.

Ifthepedal-activatedenginebrake
featureisenabled,theservicebrake
pedalmustbedepressed(tapped)
beforetheenginebrakeswillbe
activated.

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B13-

13

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

DONOToperatetheenginebrake
untiltheengineoiltemperatureis
above86°F(30°C).Operationbe­low86°F(30°C)couldcausese­veredamagetotheengine.Idle
theenginefourminutesatapprox-

3

imately1000RPMtowarmtheen­ginebeforeactivatingtheengine
brakes.

Toactivatetheenginebrakes,switch
the“ON/OFF”switchtothe“ON”

CAUTION

position.Onceactivated,theoperation
oftheenginebrakeisfullyautomatic.

NOTE

Seethe“TipsforOperation”steps
inthissectionforspecicinforma­tionaboutenginebrakeoperation
undercertainroadconditions.

NOTE

Theenginebrakesaredesignedto
assistthevehicle'sservicebrakes
whenslowingthevehicletoastop.

Remember,servicebrakeswillbe
requiredtobringthevehicletoastop.

CAUTION

Usingtheenginebrakestoaidin
clutchlessgearshiftingwillcause
theenginetostallorleadtoen­ginedamage.Enginebrakesused
inclutchlessshiftingcausesaddi­tionalstrainontheenginevalve
trainandcausessevereinternal
enginedamage.DONOTuseen­ginebrakestoassistingearshift­ing.

TheECMwilldisabletheengine
brakeswhenenginespeedisbelow

3-14Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

850RPMorwhenanelectronicfault
codeisactive.

CAUTION

Operatingtheenginewithanen­ginebrakethatwillnotdeactivate
willcausesevereenginedam­age.Inoperableenginebrakescan
causeanadditionalstrainonthe
enginevalvetraincausingsevere
internalenginedamage.DONOT
operatetheengineiftheengine
brakewillnotdeactivate.

Iftheenginebrakeswillnotshutoff,
shutofftheengineimmediately ,and
contactaP ACCARauthorizedrepair
location.

3

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B13-15

OPERATING

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

GeneralInformation...............4-3

NormalStartingProcedure............4-4

ColdWeatherStarting..............4-6

StartingProcedureAfterExtendedShutdownorOil

Change..................4-10

OperatingtheEngine.............4-10

EngineShutdown...............4-11

ElectromagneticInterference(EMI).......4-12

TipsforOperationonLevelandDryPavement..4-13
TipsforOperationonGradeswithDryPavement.4-14

TipsforOperationonSlickRoads........4-17

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-1

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS

GeneralInformation

Correctcareofyourenginewillresult
inlongerlife,betterperformance,and
moreeconomicaloperation.

Followthedailymaintenancechecks
listedin“MaintenanceSchedule”on
page5-3.

ThenewPACCARengineassociated
withthismanualdoesnotrequirea
”break-in”procedure.Thissection
ofthemanualprovidesallofthe
necessaryinformationrequiredfor
properengineoperation.

Checktheoilpressureindicators,
temperatureindicators,warninglights,
andothergaugesdailytomakesure
theyareoperational.

WARNING!

Combustiblevaporsneartheair
intakesystemcouldbeingested
intotheengine,causingtheengine
tosuddenlyaccelerateandover­speed.Thisconditioncouldresult
inoperatorlosingcontroloftheve­hicleifanunexpectedincreasein
engineRPMoccurs.Combustible
vaporscouldalsocauseare.DO
NOToperateyourvehicleinan
areawherecombustiblechemicals
orvaporsmaybepresent.Failure
tocomplymayresultindeath,per­sonalinjury,equipmentorproperty
damage.

ITISTHERESPONSIBILITYOF
THEOWNERANDOPERATORTO
OPERATETHEVEHICLEINASAFE
ENVIRONMENT.

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-

3

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

NOTE

Numeroussafetydevices(i.e.en­gineshutoffdevices)areavailable
tominimizetheriskofengineover­speedingcausedbycombustible
vaporsbeingingestedintotheair
intakesystem.

4

PACCARrecommendstheinstallation
ofanairintakeshutoffdeviceora
similarsafetydevicetominimizethe
riskofoverspeeding,ascanoccur
whenthevehicleisbeingoperatedin
acombustibleenvironment,suchas
fromafuelspillorgasleak.

NormalStartingProcedure

1.EnsuretheparkingbrakeissetON
andthetransmissionshiftlever
isinneutral(N).Forautomatic
transmissionsthathavepark(P)
position,placetheshiftleverin
park.

2.Withtheacceleratorpedalinthe
idle

position,turntheignitionkey
totheSTARTpositiontostartthe
engine.

3.Iftheenginedoesnotstartafter
10seconds,realease.Waitan
additional10secondstoallow
thestartermotortocool,thentry
staringtheengineagain.

NOTE

Iftheengineisrunning,DONOT
increaseenginespeed(RPM)or
operatethevehicleuntilthelowoil
pressurewarninglampturnsoff.

CAUTION

Engagingthestartermotorfor
morethan30secondsinanyve
minuteperiodmaycauseittoover­heatandcandamagethestarter.

•Ifstarterisengaged
continuouslyfor30seconds,
youmustwaitveminutes
beforetryingtostarttheengine
toallowthestartermotorto
cooldown.

Withthekeyinthe“ON”position,the
enginewarninglampswillcomeon
momentarilyandthengoout.The
enginewarninglampsinclude:

4-4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

1.Checkenginelamp;amberin
color.

2.STOPenginelamp;redincolor.

3.Dieselparticulatelter(DPF)
statusindicator;yellowincolor.

4.Dieselexhaustuid(DEF)lamp;
amberincolor.

5.MalfunctionIndicatorLamp;amber
incolor.

6.Highexhaustsystemtemperature
(HEST);amberincolor.

TheDEFWarningscreenisdisplayed
whentheDEFFluidlevelhasreached
acriticallylowlevel.Itmaybe
suppressedbypushingenteronthe
MCS(MenuControlSwitch).This

warningmaybeaccompaniedbythe
DEFLevelinthelowrange,DEFLamp
onsolidorashing,theCheckEngine
lamp,theStopEnginelamp,theMIL
lamp,and/orenginederate.

Ifanyofthelampsremainonorbegin
toash,referto“EngineIndicator
Lamps”onpage3-3.

Undercoldconditions,the
“Wait-to-Start”lampwillilluminateat
keyon,andwillstayonforaperiodof
upto30seconds.

NOTE

Thelengthoftimethe“Wait-to­Start”lampremainsilluminatedde­pendsontheambienttemperature.
Thelowertheambienttempera­ture,thelongerthelampwillbe
illuminated.

Oncethe“Wait-to-Start”lampturnsoff,
turnthekeytothestartingpositionto
starttheengine.

4

NOTE

Enginesequippedwithairstarting
motorsrequireaminimumof70
PSI(480kPa).

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-5

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

ColdWeatherStarting

NOTE

Someenginesareequippedwith
anenginestartingmotorprotec­tionfeature.Ifthestartingmo­torisengagedfor30ormoresec­onds,withouttheenginestarting,
thestarterwillbelockedoutfrom
operating,allowingforpropercool­ingofthestartingmotor.During
thistime,the“Wait-to-Start”lamp
willashfortwominutes.Once

4

thelampdiscontinuesashing,the
startingmotorwillbeallowedto
function.

Theenginemusthaveadequateoil
pressurewithin15secondsafter
startingtheengine.Iftheoilpres­suregaugedoesnotregisterthe
minimumpressure,ordropsbelow
theminimumpressure,aredwarn­inglightinthegaugewillcomeon,
awarningbuzzerwillsound,and
the“StopEngine”lampwillcome
on.Thisshouldbeconsideredan
emergency.Operatingtheengine
inthisconditionmaycausesevere
enginedamage.Youshouldstop
thevehicleassafelyaspossible.
Thevehiclemustbeservicedand
theproblemcorrectedbeforedriv­ingagain.

CAUTION

GeneralInformation

CAUTION

Toreducethepossibilityofdam­agetothelubricatingoilpan,due
tothecompositematerialsusedin
themanufactureofthelubricating
oilpan,undernocircumstances
shouldanexternalheatsourcebe
applieddirectlyorindirectlytothe
lubricatingoilpan.

Followthe“NormalStartingProcedure”
onpage4-4.Ifequippedwithanintake
airheater,the“Wait-to-Start”lampwill
stayonlonger.

Refertothevehicleoperator'smanual
instructionsforanyadditionalcold
weatherstartingprocedures.

Ifstartingacoldengine,slowly
increasetheenginespeed.This
providesadequatelubricationtothe

4-

6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

bearingsandgivesampletimetoallow
theoilpressuretostabilize.

Ifanenginemustidleforanextended
periodoftime,itshouldbedoneat
afastidle(1,000RPMmaximum)at
coolanttemperaturesbelow150°F
(70°C).

Forcoolanttemperaturesbelow150°F
(70°C),usealowgearanddrive
atmoderateenginespeeduntilthe
enginecoolanthasreachedoperating
temperature.DONOTlettheengine
idlelongerthannecessary .

CAUTION

DONOToperatetheengineatlow
idleforlongperiodswithengine
coolanttemperaturebelowthe
minimumspecicationin“Cooling
System”onpage5-15.Thiscan
resultinthefollowing:

•Fueldilutionofthelubricating
oil

•Carbonbuildupinthe
combustionchamber

•Stickingofthevalvesinthe
cylinderhead

•Reducedperformance

•Damagetoaftertreatment
components

NOTE

Forenginesequippedwiththe
enginewarm-upprotectionfea­ture;thisfeaturelimitsengine
speedandtorquefollowingengine
start-upuntilsufcientoilpressure
isavailabletotheenginecompo­nents.Thisfeaturereducesthe
riskofenginepartdamagedue
tooperatingatenginespeedstoo
highorloadsbeforeadequateoil
pressureisachieved.

Someenginesareequippedwitha
“Fast-IdleWarm-Up”feature.When
enabled,thisfeatureelevatestheidle
speedoftheengineincoldambient
conditions,inordertoshortenthetime
necessarytowarmuptheengine.
Whentheidlespeediselevated,the
enginenoisemaychange,thisis
normal.T obringtheenginebackto
lowidlespeed:

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-

7

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

•Forvehiclesequippedwitha

manualtransmissionandclutch
switch:Depresstheclutchpedal.

•Forvehiclesequippedwithabrake

switch:Depresstheservicebrake
pedal.

•Depresstheacceleratorpedal.

Formoreinformationonthe“Fast-Idle
Warm-Up”feature,contactaPACCAR
authorizedrepairlocation.

4

ColdWeather

Itispossibletooperateenginesin
extremelycoldenvironmentsifthey
areproperlypreparedandmaintained.
Satisfactoryperformanceofan
engineinlowambienttemperature
conditionsrequiresmodicationof
theengine,surroundingequipment,
operatingpracticesandmaintenance
procedures.

Thecorrectenginecoolant,lubricating
oilandfuelsmustbeusedforthecold
weatherrangeinwhichtheengineis
beingoperated.Seethe“Maintenance
Section”onpage5-3forthesecritical
engineuidsrecommendationsand
specications.

ColdWeatherOperatingAids

Thefollowingcoldweatheroperating
aidsarerequiredforcoldweather
situations:

4-8Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-9

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

UsingStartingAids

Thisengineisequippedwithanintake

4

gridheatertohelpstarttheenginein
coldweatherconditions.Contactyour
authorizedPACCARrepairlocationfor
othercoldweatherstartingaidoptions.

WARNING!

Usingstartinguidtohelpstartthe
enginecouldcauseareorex­plosion,resultinginpersonalinjury,
propertydamageandsevereen­ginedamage.DONOTusestart­inguidtostartthisengine.

StartingProcedureAfter ExtendedShutdownorOil Change

GeneralInformation

Followthe“NormalStartingProcedure”
onpage4-4.Theenginewillrunatidle
onlyuntiltheminimumoilpressureis
detectedbytheECM.Itcantakemore
crankingtimetostarttheengineafter
anextendedshutdownoroilchange.

OperatingtheEngine

Normal

Monitortheoilpressureandcoolant
temperaturegaugesfrequently.Refer
to“LubricatingOilSystem”onpage
5-14and“CoolingSystem”onpage
5-15forrecommendedoperating
pressuresandtemperatures.Shut
offtheengineifanypressureor
temperaturedoesnotmeetthe
specications.

4-10Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

Continuousoperationwithengine
coolanttemperatureaboveorbelow
theenginecoolanttemperature
specicationslistedin“Cooling
System”onpage5-15candamage
theengine.

EngineShutdown

BeforeStoppingtheEngine

NOTE

DONOTshutofftheengineim­mediately.Ahotenginestoresa
greatamountofheatanditdoes
notcooldownimmediatelyafterit
isshutoff.Alwayscooltheengine
downbeforeshuttingitoff.Youwill
greatlyincreaseitsservicelife.

Idletheengineat1,000RPMforfour
minutes.Thenlowidlefor30seconds
beforeshutdown.Thiswillallow
circulatingcoolantandlubricatingoil
tocarryheatawayfromthecylinder
head,valves,pistons,cylinderliners,
turbocharger,andbearings.Thisway
youcanpreventenginedamagethat
mayresultfromunevencooling.

NOTE

Forenginesequippedwithanelec­troniccontrolmodule(ECM)en­surethekeyswitchisturnedOFF
foraminimumof70secondsprior
todisconnectingthecontinuous
(unswitched)batterypowersupply.
Iftheunswitchedbatterypower
supplyisdisconnectedinlessthan
70secondsafterthekeyswitch
isturnedOFF ,activefaultcodes
andincorrectECMinformationcan
occur.

TurntheignitionswitchtotheOFF
position.Iftheenginedoesnot
shutdown,referto“Troubleshooting
Symptom”(SectionTS)inthe
appropriatemaintenancemanual.

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-

11

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

CAUTION

Failuretofollowthecorrectshut­downproceduremayresultin
damagetotheturbochargerand
shortentheturbochargerlife.

4

Interference(EMI)

GeneralInformation

Ifnotinstalledcorrectly,somevehicle
accessories(CBradios,mobile
transmitters,etc.)cangenerateand
useradiofrequencyenergythatmay
causeelectromagneticinterference
(EMI)betweentheaccessoryand
theelectroniccontrolledfuelsystem.
Undertheseconditions,P ACCAR
isnotliableforanyperformance
problemswitheitherthefuelsystemor
theaccessory .EMIisnotconsidered
byPACCARtobeanenginefailure
andthereforeisnotwarrantable.

Electromagnetic

SystemEMISusceptibility

PACCARproductsaredesigned
andtestedforminimumsensitivity
toincomingelectromagneticenergy.
ThefuelsystemEMIsusceptibility
hasbeendesignedwithahigh
toleranceagainstEMIandinmost
normalcircumstances,ifnotall,
electromagneticenergy-emitting
devicesthatmeettheFederal
CommunicationsCommissionlegal
requirementsshouldcauseno
interference.

4-12Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

SystemEMIRadiationLevels

Electroniccomponentsarerequired
topassvariousPACCARandindustry
EMIspecications.Ourtesting
hasshownthatwhentheengineis
properlyinstalledandmaintained,it
willnotinterferewithproperlyinstalled
onboardcommunicationequipment.

Ifanyinterferenceconditionisnoticed,
followthesesuggestionstoreducethe
amountofEMI:

1.Locatetheaccessoryreceiving
antennafurtheraway .

2.Checkwiththeaccessorysupplier
representativeinyourareato:

°Accuratelycalibratethe

accessoryforproper
frequency,poweroutput,
andsensitivity .

°Determinetheoptimum

antennalocationbyobtaining
antennareectiveenergydata
measurements.

°Ensurethattheoptimum

antennatypeandmounting
arrangementisbeingused.

°Ensuretheaccessory

equipmentisproperly
constructedformaximum
lteringtorejectincoming
electromagneticnoise.

TipsforOperationonLevel andDryPavement

WARNING!

DONOTusetheenginebrake
whenoperatingonroadsurfaces
withpoortraction(suchaswet,icy ,
orsnowcoveredroadsorgravel).
Retarderscancausethewheels
toskidonaslipperysurface.Y ou
couldlosecontrolofthevehicle
and/orjackknifeifthewheelsbegin
toskid,resultinginanaccident.
Failuretocomplymayresultin
death,personalinjury,equipment
orpropertydamage.

4

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-13

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

WARNING!

DONOTuseanenginebrake
whendrivingbobtailorwithanun­loadedtrailer.Theremaynotbe
enoughweightontherearaxleto
providetraction.Thiscouldcause
alossofcontrolandjackknifere­sultinginaninjuryaccident.Make
suretheenginebrakeisswitched
“OFF”whenbobtailingorwithan
unloadedtrailer.Failuretocom-

4

plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

Toreducevehiclespeed,putthe
enginebrake“ON/OFF”switchinthe
“ON”position.Removeyourfootfrom
theacceleratorpedalandclutchpedal.
Theenginebrakeswillimmediately
begintooperate,slowingthevehicle.

Foroperationondryandrelativelyat
surfaces,whengreaterretardingpower
isnotrequired,putthetwo-position
selectorswitchinthe“LOW”position.

Foroperationondrypavementwhen
maximumretardingpowerisrequired,
putthetwo-positionselectorswitchin
the“HI”position.

withDryPavement

WARNING!

Theenginebrakeisnotintended
astheprimarybrakeforthevehi­cle,norisitanemergencybrake.
Theservicebrakesmustbeused
inanemergency.Relyingsolelyon
theenginebraketostopthevehi­cleinanemergencycouldcause
anaccidentandleadtopersonal
injury.Theenginebrakeonlyhelps
theservicebrakesbyusingpres­suretoslowthedrivetrain.You
mustusetheservicebrakesfor
quickoremergencystops.Failure
tocomplymayresultindeath,per­sonalinjury,equipmentorproperty
damage.

“Controlspeed”isthespeedatwhich
theforcespushingavehicledowna
gradeareequaltotheforcesholding
itback.

TipsforOperationonGrades

4-

14Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

WARNING!

DONOTusetheenginebrake
whenoperatingonsurfacewith
poortraction(suchaswet,icy,or
snowcoveredroads).Retarders
cancausethewheelstoskidon
aslipperysurface.Y oucouldlose
controlofthevehicleandjacknifeif
thewheelsbegintoskid,resulting
inanaccident.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

WARNING!

DONOTuseanenginebrake
whendrivingbobtailorwithanun­loadedtrailer.Theremaynotbe
enoughweightontherearaxleto
providetraction.Thiscouldcause
alossofcontrolandjackknifere­sultinginaninjuryaccident.Make
suretheenginebrakeisswitched
“OFF”whenbobtailingorwithan
unloadedtrailer.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

CAUTION

Neverexceedgovernedengine
speedbecauseenginedamage
canoccur.Operatingenginebe­yondthegovernedspeedcauses
additionalstrainonvalvetrainand
internalenginecomponents.Op­eratetheenginewithingoverned
enginespeed.

NOTE

Onceyouhavedeterminedwhat
thesafespeedisforyourvehicle,
operatetheenginebrakeswiththe
transmissioninthelowestgearthat
willnotcausetheenginespeed
toexceedtheratedenginespeed.
Theoptimumbrakingpowerofthe
enginebrakesisreachedatrated
enginespeed.Correctgearselec­tion,therefore,iscritical.

4

Thetwo-positionselectorswitchcan
beusedtovarybrakingpowerasroad
conditionschange.

Vehicleservicebrakesmustbeused
whenadditionalbrakingpoweris
required.

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-

15

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

TheenginebrakeisNOTintendedas
theprimarybrakeforthevehicle,nor

4

isitanemergencybrake.Theengine
brakeonlyhelpstheservicebrakesby
usingpressuretoslowthedrivetrain.
Usetheservicebrakesforquickstops.

WARNING!

DONOTdrivewithfrequentorcon­tinuoususeoftheservicebrakes.
Thiscanoverheatthebrakesand
resultinexcessiveliningwear,in­creasedstoppingdistances,pos­siblyanaccidentandmayleadto
personalinjury.Beforedescend­ingasteepgrade,shifttoalower
gear,keepthevehiclespeedlow,
andavoidcontinuousapplication
tothebrakes.Failuretocomply
mayresultindeath,personalin­jury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

NOTE

Thelongerorsteeperthehill,the
moreimportantitistouseyouren­ginebrakes.Makemaximumuse
ofyourenginebrakesbygearing
downandlettingtheenginebrakes
dothework.

Iffrequentuseofthevehicleservice
brakesisrequired,itisrecommended
thataslowercontrolspeedbeusedby
selectingalowertransmissiongear.

4-16Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

TipsforOperationonSlick Roads

WARNING!

Toreducethepossibilityofper­sonalinjuryorpropertydamage,
alwaysallowforextradistance
betweenyourvehicleandother
objectswhenusingtheservice
brakesorenginebrakesonslick
roads.

Theoperationofanyvehicleisdifcult
topredictonslickroads.Therst10
to15minutesofrainfallarethemost
dangerous,asroaddirtandoilmixed
withraincreateaveryslipperysurface.

WARNING!

DONOToperatetheenginebrake
whendriving/operatingyourve­hiclebobtailorwithaloadedor
unloadedtraileronroadsurfaces
withpoortraction(wet,icy ,orsnow
coveredroads)orinheavytrafc.
Brakingcausedbythenormalop­erationoftheenginebrakecould
causeyoutolosecontroloftheve­hicleresultinginaninjuryaccident.
Failuretocomplymayresultin
death,personalinjury,equipment
orpropertydamage.

Whendrivingonslickroads,startwith
the“ON/OFF”switchinthe“OFF”
positionandthetwo-positionselector
switchinthe“LOW”position.

4

Ifyourtractorisequippedwitha
twin-screwrearaxle,positionthe
powerdividerswitchinthe“unlocked”
position.

Removeyourfootfromtheaccelerator
pedaltomakesurethevehiclewill
maintaintractionwiththeretarding
poweroftheenginealone.

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B14-

17

OPERATINGINSTRUCTIONS

Ifthevehicledrivewheelsbegintoskid
orifthereisashtailingmotion,DO
NOTactivatetheenginebrakes.

Iftractionismaintainedusingthe
retardingpoweroftheenginealone
andmorebrakingpowerisrequired,
switchthetwo-positionselectorswitch
tothe“LOW”positionandactivate
theenginebrakesbyswitchingthe
“ON/OFF”switchtothe“ON”position.

Ifthevehicle’sdrivewheelsbeginto

4

skidorthereisashtailingmotion,
switchthe“ON/OFF”switchtothe
“OFF”position.

Iftractionismaintainedwhenthe
enginebrakesareactivatedandmore
brakingpowerisrequired,movethe
two-positionselectorswitchtothe“HI”
position.

Again,ifthevehiclehaslosttractionor
ifthereisashtailingmotion,switch
the“ON/OFF”switchtothe“OFF”

position.DONOTattempttousethe
enginebrakesinthe“HI”position.

4-18Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

Overview...................5-3

MaintenanceSchedule.............5-3

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

GeneralEngineSpecications.........5-13

LubricatingOilSystem.............5-14

CoolingSystem................5-15

FilterSpecications..............5-16

DieselExhaustFluidRecommendationsand

Specications...............5-17

FuelRecommendations............5-18

WarrantyandtheUseofBiodieselFuel.....5-22

LubricatingOilRecommendationsandSpecications5-23

InspectionoftheEngineOilLevel........5-28

ToppingUptheEngineOil...........5-29

CoolantRecommendationsandSpecications..5-29

MAINTENANCE

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-1

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

MAINTENANCE
GUIDELINES

Overview

GeneralInformation

PACCARrecommendsthatthe
enginebemaintainedaccordingtothe
maintenancescheduleinthissection.

Iftheengineisoperatinginambient
temperaturesbelow0°F(-18°C)
orabove100°F(38°C),perform
maintenanceatshorterintervals.
Shortermaintenanceintervalsarealso
requirediftheengineisoperatedina
dustyenvironmentoriffrequentstops
aremade.

Someofthesemaintenance
proceduresrequirespecialtools
ormustbecompletedbyqualied
personnel.Contactyourlocal
PACCARauthorizedrepairlocationfor
detailedinformation.

Ifyourengineisequippedwith
acomponentoraccessorynot
manufacturedbyPACCARInc,refer
tothecomponentmanufacturer's
maintenancerecommendations.

MaintenanceSchedule

GeneralInformation

Performmaintenanceatwhichever
intervaloccursrst.

Ateachscheduledmaintenance
interval,performallprevious
maintenancechecksthatareduefor
scheduledmaintenance.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-3

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

DailyorRefueling–Maintenance
Check

•EngineLubricationOilLevel-

Check/Correct:See“Inspection
oftheEngineOilLevel”onpage
5-28.

•EngineFuelFilter/WaterSeparator

–Automaticwaterdrain,no
maintenancerequired.

•ChassisFuelFilter/Water

Separator–Draintrappedwater
(ifequipped).

•AirIntakePiping–Inspect:

5

°Hose/Pipecondition–

deterioration/signsofleaking

°Hoseclampsfortightnessand

pinching/cuttingofhoses.

°Clearancetoother

components

°CheckAirRestrictiongauge

•AftertreatmentExhaustPiping–

Inspect:

°Checkforcracks

°Clearancetoother

components(i.e.electrical
harnesses,etc.)

°Hose/pipecondition–

deterioration/signsofleaking

•CoolingFan–Inspect:

°Checkforcracks

°Clearancetoother

components

•EngineCoolantLevel–

Check/Correct:
Whileparkedonalevelsurface
withengineoffandlowcoolant
temperature.

°Checkcoolantlevel.Itshould

bevisiblethroughtheclear
plasticsurgetank.

°Addcoolantasnecessaryby

removingthecoolantllcap
ontheneckofthesurgetank
orsightglass,

°Thepressurecap(onthe

sideofthesurgetank)should
NEVERberemoved.The
llcap(Onthetop,notthe
sideofthesurgetank)isthe
correctllpoint.

°Replacementortopup

coolantshouldhavethesame
antifreezeconcentrationand
corrosioninhibitorcontent
astheoriginalcoolantinthe

5-

4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

coolingsystem.Ifoperating
insub-freezingconditions,
a60/40mixofantifreeze
anddistilledwatermaybe
substituted.

°Alwaysdiluteantifreezeto

thecorrectconcentration
basedonfreezeprotection
beforeaddingittothecooling
system.Addingorusing100%
antifreezeinacoolingsystem
mayresultincoolingsystem
pluggingandoverheating
problems.

•DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Level

–Check/T opUp:

NOTE

ItisrecommendedtotopupDEF
whenrefueling.See“EngineAf­tertreatmentSystemsOperator’s
Manual”forDEFinformation.

•Checkforanysignsofuidleaks

•Ensureallaccesscaps/coversare

properlyinstalledandtight.

Every7,500mi(12,000km),250
Hours,or3months–Maintenance
Check

•AirCleanerRestriction-

Check/Correct

°Servicelterelementwhen

aircleanerrestrictiongauge
(option)locksintheextreme
highposition.

°Hose/Pipecondition-

deterioration/signsofleaking

°Hoseclamptorque

•ChargeAirPiping-Check/Correct

°Hose/Pipecondition-

deterioration/signsofleaking

°Hoseclampsfortightness

°Clearancetoother

components

•ChargeAirCooler-Check/Correct

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-

5

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

5

°Crackedtubesorheader

°Cloggedns/tubes

°Hose/Pipecondition-

deterioration/signsofleaking

°Hoseclamptorque

•Exhaustsystem-Check/Correct

°Checkforleaksandproper

support

Every15,000mi(24,000km),500
Hours,or6months–Maintenance
Check

•Fuellter(spinontype)-Replace

•Lubricatingoil–Change

2

•Lubricatingoillters–Replace

•Antifreezeconcentration-Check

•Radiatorpressurecap-Check

•Batteries–Check

5

•Batterycablesandconnections–

5

Check

•Batterycondition-electrolyte

level,cracks,signsofleaking,
overcharging

•Harness/Cables-loose

connections,corrosion,chang,
brokenretentionclips

•Batteryhold-downs-fortightness

•Batteryboxmountingbolt-torque

8

2

1

5-6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

Every30,000mi(48,000km),1000
Hours,or1Year-Maintenance
Check

•Drivebelt(coolingfan)-Change

•Automaticbelttensioner(water

pump)-Check

•Coolingsystem-Check

°Radiatorpressurecap-Check

°Supplemental

additive/conditionerlevel

°Coolantlevel

°Coolantprotection

°Replacecoolantlter(if

equipped)

NOTE

Testtheenginecoolantatleast
onceperyeartodetermineifthe
coolantmustbereplaced.Ifitis
determinedthatthecoolantshould
bereplaced,makesuretoush
thecoolantsystem.Contacta
PACCARauthorizedrepairloca­tionforushingthecoolantsystem.

Every60,000mi(96,000km),2000
Hours,-MaintenanceCheck

•Crankcasebreatherelement-

Change

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-7

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

Every60,000mi(96,000km),2000
Hours,or2Years-Maintenance
Check

•Coolingsystem-Drain/Flush/Fill

•Enginesteamcleaning-Clean

•Aircompressordischargelines-

Clean

•Radiatorhoses–Check

°Hosecondition-

deterioration/signsofleaking

°Hoseclamptorque

•Crankshaftvibrationdamper-

5

4

Check

°Damperforcracks,nicks,

gouges

°Conditionofdamperrubber

isolator

°Damperfastenertorque

Every150,000mi(241,000km),5,000
Hours,or4Years–Maintenance
Check

1

•Enginebrakeassembly-Adjust

•Exhaustsystem-Change

•Overheadset–Adjust

°Replaceexhaustexpipe(s)

Every200,000mi(321,500km),6500
Hours–MaintenanceCheck

•AftertreatmentDieselParticulate

Filter(DPF)cleaning,usingDPF
cleaningmachine

6

°Completecleaningoflter

usingaDPFcleaningmachine

7

°Replacelterifnecessary

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaust

Fluid(DEF)DosingUnit(DEF
Module)Filter–Change

5-8Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

Every750,000mi(1,200,000
km),22,000Hours,or6years–
MaintenanceCheck

•Changeextendedlifecoolant

**(Seenote1below)

NOTE

Refertothefollowingfootnotes
whenreferencedinthepreceding
maintenanceschedules.

1.Aheavy-dutyextendedlife
coolant(ELC)thatmeetsASTM
D6210chemicalcomposition
specicationsmustbeused.The
changeintervalis750,000mi
(1,200,000km)or22,000hours
on-roaduse(8yearsor15,000
hoursoff-highwayuse)oninitial
llwithnoextenderadded.The
changeintervalis1,000,000mi
(1,600,000km)/20,000hours/8
yearswithanextenderadditionat
500,000mi(800,000km)/10,000
hours/4years.Antifreeze

isessentialforfreezeand
corrosionprotection.Theuseof
supplementalcoolantadditives
(SCAs)isnotrecommended.

2.Thelubricatingoilandlubricating
oillterintervalcanbeadjusted
basedonapplication,fuel
consumption,grossvehicle
weight,andidletime.Seethe
“OilDrainIntervals”tableinthis
procedure.

3.Serviceintervaliseveryoilchange
or15,000mi(24,000km),500
hours,or6months,whichever
occursrst.Aheavy-duty
year-roundantifreezethatmeets
thechemicalcompositionof
GM6038Mmustbeused.The
changeintervalis2years
or240,000mi(385,000km),
whicheveroccursrst.Antifreeze
isessentialforfreezeand
corrosionprotection.SCAis
essentialforlinerpittingand
scalingprotection.

4.Ifequippedwithrubbertype
crankshaftvibrationdamper.

5.Followthemanufacturers'
recommendedmaintenance
proceduresforthestarter ,
alternator,batteries,electrical
components,enginebrake,
exhaustbrake,charge-aircooler,
radiator,aircompressor,air
cleaner,refrigerantcompressor ,
andfanclutch.

6.Resetvalvelash,ifneeded,to
nominalspecications.Referto
“GeneralEngineSpecications”
onpage5-13.

7.Theaftertreatmentdiesel
particulatelterclean/replace
intervalisbasedontheuseof
lubricatingoilsthatmeetthe
CumminsEngineeringStandard
(C.E.S.)20081oilspecication.
Ifanon-lowashlubricatingoil
meetingtheAmericanPetroleum
Institute(API)performance

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-

9

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

classicationCI-4/SLand/or
C.E.S.20078isused,theservice
intervalsfortheaftertreatment
systemswillbereducedto150,000
mi(241,000km)or5000hours.

8.Replacethesuctionsideandthe
pressuresidefuelltersatthe
sametime.Itisrecommendedto
replacethefuelltersatthesame
intervalastheoilandoillterare
changed.

5

OilDrainIntervals

Seethefollowingtabletodetermine
themaximumrecommendedoil
changeandoillterchangeintervals
inkilometers(miles)/hoursormonths,
whichevercomesrst.

NOTE

Idletimemustbefactoredintocal­culatingaveragevehiclespeed.

Theintervalsarebasedonthe
vehicle’saveragevehiclespeed.
Locateyourvehicle’saveragevehicle
speedintherstcolumntodetermine
theoilchange/lterchangeintervalto
use.Ifthevehicleisequippedwithan
hourmeter,itisacceptabletousethe
enginehourslistedfortheoilchange
andoillterchangeinterval.

Iftheaveragevehiclespeedis
unknownandthevehicleisnot
equippedwithanhourmeter:

1.ReferencetheTypicalApplications
columninTable-1onpage5-11.
Usethelowestintervallistedfor
yourapplication.

2.Connectanelectronicservicetool.
Theelectronicservicetoolcan
providetheaveragevehiclespeed
recordedbytheengine’sECM.

5-10Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

Table-1OilDrainIntervals

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

AverageVehicleSpeed

Below5mph1,5002,4005006

5to10mph4,0006,4505006

10to15mph6,0009,6505006

15to20mph8,50013,7005006

20to25mph10,50016,9005006

25to30mph12,00019,3005006

30to40mph15,00024,1005006

Above40mph20,00032,20050012

MilesKilometersHoursMonths

Typical

Applications

ShuttleBus,
TransitBus

CementMixer,
DumpTruck,
FeedlotTruck,
RefuseTruck,
ShuttleBus,
TransitBus,
YardSpotter

CementMixer,
DeliveryTruck,
DumpTruck,
Emergency
Vehicle,Fire
Truck,School
Bus,Truck
Crane

Emergency
Vehicle,Fire
Truck,Linehaul
Truck,Motor
CoachBus,
SchoolBus

Recreation
Vehicle

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-11

MAINTENANCEGUIDELINES

NOTE

AMaintenanceMonitorfeature
isavailablethroughtheengine’s
ECM.Thisfeaturecanbeenabled
byaPACCARAuthorizedRepair
Location.

PACCARbasesitsoildrain
specicationsondutycycleand
oilcontamination.Thiscontamination
occursinallenginesatvaryingrates
regardlessofdesign.

Maintainingthecorrectoilandlter
changeintervalisavitalfactorin

5

preservingtheintegrityofanengine.
Filtersmustbechangedwhentheoil
ischanged.

5-12Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCE SPECIFICATIONS

GeneralEngine
Specications

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

Horsepower

Firingorder1-5-3-6-2-4

Crankshaftrotation(viewedfromfrontofengine)Clockwise

Displacement

Boreandstroke

Dryweight

Wetweight

Overheadadjustment

Enginebrakeadjustment

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-13

Intakevalveadjustment

Exhaustvalveadjustment

Seeenginedataplate.

540in³(8.9liters)

4.49in.×5.69in.(114mm×144.5mm)

1,695lb(769kg)

1,770lb(803kg)

0.012in.(0.305mm)

0.022in.(0.559mm)

0.090in.(2.286mm)

5

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

LubricatingOilSystem

Oilpressure

Regulatedoilpressure

Lubricatingoilltercapacity4qt(3.78liters)

Totalsystemcapacity
(oilpanandnewoillter)

Atlowidle(minimumallowable)10psi(69kPa)

Atroadspeed(minimumallowable)30psi(207kPa)

55psi(379kPa)

Standardoilpan16to20qt(15.1to18.9liters)

Standardoilpanwithcylinderblockstiffenerplate19to23qt(18to21.8liters) Oilpancapacity,lowtohigh

Highcapacityoilpan

Standardoilpan24qt(22.7liters)

Standardoilpanwithcylinderblockstiffenerplate27qt(25.6liters)

Highcapacityoilpan

20to24qt(18.9to22.7liters)

28qt(26.5liters)

5

5-14Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NOTE

Ifthetype/oilcapacityofeachlubri­catingoilpanisnotknown:

•ContactaP ACCAR®
AuthorizedRepairLocation.

•Determinethecapacityof
theoilpanoptionforthe
enginebeingservicedbyusing
QuickServe™Onlineandthe
engineserialnumber.

•Fillthelubricatingoilpanto
thesmallestoilpancapacity
listedfortheenginebeing
serviced.Thenadd1qt(0.95
liters)ofoilatatimeuntilit
reachesthehighmarkonthe
dipstick.Recordthenumber
ofliters/quartsadded,sothe
capacityisknownthenext
timetheoilisdrained.

CoolingSystem

Coolantcapacity
(engineonly)

Standard
modulating
thermostatrange

Minimum
recommended
pressurecap

Maximumtop
tankcoolant
temperature

Minimumllrate
(withoutlow-level
alarm)

Maximum
deaerationtime

Maximumtop
tankcoolant
temperature

Winterfronts—
Minimumallowed
airpassagearea

16.5qt(15.6
liters)

180to200°F(82
to93°C)

13psi(90kPa)

225°F(107°C)

3gpm(11.4
liters/minute)

25minutes

225°F(107°C)

120in.²(774cm²)

WARNING!

Coolantistoxic.DONOTgetthe
uidineyes.Ifcontactwiththe
eyesoccurs,oodeyeswithlarge
amountsofwaterfor15minutes.
Avoidprolongedorrepeatedcon­tactwithskin.Incaseofcontact,
immediatelywashskinwithsoap
andwater.DONOTtakeinter­nally.Ifswallowed,seekimmedi­atemedicalattention.DONOTin­ducevomiting.Failuretocomply
mayresultindeath,personalin­jury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-15

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NOTE

Coolantisharmfultotheenviron­ment.Unusedcoolantmustbe
storedasatoxichazardousmate­rialinleakproofcontainers.Used
coolantmustbeprocessedasin­dustrialchemicalwaste.Please
followHAZMATguidelineswith
bothusedandunusedcoolants.

5

GeneralInformation

Fleetguardltersarestandardon
newPACCARengines.P ACCAR
recommendstheiruse.

FleetguardproductsmeetallP ACCAR
teststandardstoprovidethequality
ltrationnecessarytoachievethe
engine'sdesignlife.Ifotherbrands
aresubstituted,thepurchasershould
ensurethelterspecicationmeetor
exceedtheFleetguardspecications.

CAUTION

Useofnon-genuineoillterscan
causesevereenginedamage.

NOTE

Thefuelsystemrequirestheuseof
twofuellters.

Thesuction-sideltermusthave
thefollowingcharacteristics:

•Waterseparating

•10-micronrating

•Water-in-fuelsensorwithshunt
resistor

•Waterdrainvalve

•Enginemountedorchassis
mounted.

•Waterseparating

Thepressure-sideltermusthave
thefollowingcharacteristics:

•5-micronrating

•Enginemountedorchassis
mounted.

FilterSpecications

5-16Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NOTE

Earlyproductionpressureside
fuellterswerebuiltwithasquare
drivefeatureforinstallationand
removal.Laterbuiltpressureside
fuellterstransitionedtoahex
drivefeature.Thedrivefeature
istheonlydifferencebetweenthe
pressuresidefuellters.

DieselExhaustFluid
Recommendationsand
Specications

WARNING!

Itisunlawfultotamperwithor
removeanycomponentoftheaf­tertreatmentsystem.Itisalsoun­lawfultouseaDEFthatdoesnot
meetthespecicationsprovidedor
tooperatethevehicle/equipment
withnoDEF .

WARNING!

DEFcontainsurea.DONOTget
thesubstanceinyoureyes.In
caseofcontact,immediatelyush
eyeswithlargeamountsofwa­terforaminimumof15minutes.
DONOTswallowinternally.In
theeventthedieselexhaustuid
isingested,contactaphysician
immediately.ReferencetheMate­rialsSafetyDataSheets(MSDS)
foradditionalinformation.Failure
tocomplymayresultinpersonal
injury.

CAUTION

NeverattempttocreateDEFby
mixingagriculturalgradeurea
withwater.Agriculturalgrade
ureadoesnotmeettheneces­saryspecicationsrequiredand
theaftertreatmentsystemmaybe
damaged.Failuretocomplymay
resultinequipmentdamage.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-17

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NOTE

Somelocationsmayreferencethe
DIN70070standard.DEFspeci­cationlimitsofthisstandardare
identicaltoISO22241-1.Seethe
“EngineAftertreatmentSystems
Operator'sManual”forfurtherin­formationonDieselExhaustFluid.

PACCARInc.isnotresponsiblefor
failuresordamageresultingfrom
whatP ACCARInc.determinestobe
abuseorneglect,includingbutnot
limitedto:operationwithoutcorrectly
speciedDEF;lackofmaintenance
ofaftertreatment;improperstorage,

5

orshutdownpractices;unauthorized
modicationsoftheengineand
aftertreatment.PACCARInc.isalso
notresponsibleforfailurescaused
byincorrectDEForbywater,dirt
orothercontaminantsintheDEF .
Seethe“EngineAftertreatment
SystemsOperator'sManual”forfurther
informationonDEF .

FuelRecommendations

WARNING!

Theuseofdieselfuelthathasbeen
mixedwithotherfuelsmaycause
anexplosion.DONOTmixgaso­line,alcohol,orgasoholwithdiesel
fuel.Makesureyouknowyourfuel
sourceandusetherecommended
dieselfuelasindicatedinthissec­tionofthemanual.Failuretocom­plymayresultindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorpropertydam­age.

CAUTION

Dirtorwaterinthefuelsystemcan
causeseveredamagetoboththe
fuelpumpandthefuelinjectors.
Duetotheprecisetolerancesof
dieselinjectionsystems,itisex­tremelyimportantthatthefuelbe
keptcleanandfreeofdirtorwater.
Knowyourfuelsourceandmake
sureallstepsaretakenfordis­pensingorusingcleanfuelinyour
vehicle.Failuretocomplymayre­sultinequipmentorpropertydam­age.

5-18Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

CAUTION

Unapprovedfuelcanreduceecon­omyorpossiblydamagefuelsys­temcomponents.Lighterfuelstyp­icallyDONOThaveenoughlubric­ityelementsinthefueltoproperly
lubricatethefuelinjectionsystem.
Besureyoufollowthefuelrec­ommendationsasindicatedinthis
sectionofthemanual.Failureto
complymayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

CAUTION

Usingdieselfuelsblendedwith
lubricantsmaycausedamage
toyourexhaustaftertreatment
system.Serviceintervalsforaf­tertreatmentsystemswillbere­duced.DONOTusedieselfuel
blendedwithlubricatingoilinen­ginesequippedwithanaftertreat­mentsystem.Failuretocomply
mayresultinequipmentorprop­ertydamage.

CAUTION

DONOTusehigh-sulfurdieselfuel
asitwilldamagetheexhaustaf­tertreatmentsystem.Also,theen­ginewillnotmeetemissionreg­ulations.Useonlyultra-low-sul­furdiesel(ULSD)fuel.Failureto
complymayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

CAUTION

Ifultra-low-sulfurdieselfuelisnot
used,theenginemaynotmeet
emissionregulations,anddam­agemayoccurtotheexhaust
aftertreatmentsystem.Theuseof
high-sulfurdieselfuelwilldamage
theexhaustaftertreatmentsystem
andimpacttheengineemission.
Ultra-low-sulfurdieselfuelisre­quiredforcorrectoperationofthe
aftertreatmentsystem.Theengine
hasbeenoptimizedforusewithan
aftertreatmentsystemtomeetthe
2013U.S.EnvironmentalProtec­tionAgencyregulations.Failureto
complymayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-19

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NOTE

Theenginehasbeenoptimizedfor
usewithanaftertreatmentsystem
togetherwithULSDfueltomeet
the2013U.S.EnvironmentalPro­tectionAgency(EPA)regulations.

Ultra-lowsulfurdieselfuelisdened
asdieselfuelnotexceeding0.0015
(15ppm)masspercentsulfurcontent
(ultra-lowdieselfuelisalsodenedby
ASTMS-15).Therearenoacceptable
substitutes.

PACCARrecommendstheuseof
ASTMnumber2Dfuel.Theuseof

5

number2dieselfuelwillresultin
optimumengineperformance.

Atoperatingtemperaturesbelow32°F
(0°C),acceptableperformancecanbe
obtainedbyusingblendsofnumber
2Dandnumber1D.

Usingdieselfuelwitha
lower-than-recommendedcetane
numbercancausehardstarting,poor
idleandexcessivewhitesmoke.T o
maintainsatisfactoryoperationatlow
ambienttemperatures,itisimportant
tospecifydieselfuelofthecorrect
cetanenumber.

PACCARrequiresallpermissible
fuelstohaveadequatefuellubricity.
LubricitycanbedeterminedbyASTM,
specicationD6079,ISO12156,high
frequencyreciprocatingrig(HFRR)in
whichthefuelmusthaveawearscar
diameterof0.02in.(0.5mm)orless.

Theuseofultra-lowsulferdiesel
(ULSD)fuelisrequiredforthisengine
inordertomeetemissionregulations
andtopreventdamagetotheengine
andexhaustsystem.Theuseof
othergradesofdieselfuelsotherthan
ULSDfuelwillbeconsideredauseof
incorrectfuelfortheengine.PACCAR

isnotresponsibleforfailurescaused
bytheuseofincorrectfuel,oilorDEF
orbywater,dirtorothercontainments
inthefuelorDEF.

5-

20Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

Thefollowingchartlistsacceptable
typesoffuelsforthisengine.

AcceptableTypesofFuels

Number
1D
Diesel

(2)

OKOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOKNOTOK

48-34

1.Anyadjustmenttocompensateforreducedperformancewithafuelsystemusingalternatefuelisnotwarrantable.

2.Winterblendfuels,suchasfoundatcommercialfueldispensingoutlets,arecombinationsofnumber1Dandnumber2Ddieselfuel
andareacceptable.

3.BTUContent/DegreeAPIGravity-LowAPIgravityfuelshaveahigherthermalenergycontent(BTU).Asageneralrule,thereisathreeto
vepercentdecreaseinBTUcontentforevery10degreeincreaseinAPIgravity,thereisalsoa0.7degreeAPIgravityincreasewithan
increaseinfueltemperature.Thisdecreaseinenergycontentequatesroughlytothesamepercentageofpowerloss.Useoffuelswith
higherAPIgravitywillcausehigherthannormalfuelconsumption.

Number
2D

(1)

(3)

Diesel

40-24

Number
1K

(2)

Kerosene

(3)

(3)

50-35

Jet-AJet-A1JP-5JP-8Jet-BJP-4

(3)

51-37

(3)

51-37

(3)

48-36

(3)

51-37

(3)

57-45

(3)

57-45

CITE

(3)

57-45

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-21

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

RecommendationtoAvoidFuel
Gelling

•Useappropriatefuelgrade/blend

forconditions.

•Specifyvehiclewithpropercold

weatherequipment(fuellter,line
andtankheaters).

PACCARdoesnotrecommendthe
useoffueladditives,however,should
acustomerdecidethereisaneedfor
temporaryuseofawinterfueladditive,
PACCARoffersthefollowingguidance:

•Useanindustryknown,high

qualityproduct(EPAapproved).

5

•Onlyusetheadditiveforthe

minimumtimeneeded.

•Followadditivemanufacturer's

instructionsexactly .

•Refuelwithpropergradefuelas

soonaspossible.

WarrantyandtheUseof BiodieselFuel

PACCARInc.approvestheuseof
biodieselfuelblendsupto20%by
volumeindieselfuelprovidingthatthe
followingconditionsaremeet:

•Thebiodieselusedintheblend

meetsASTMStandardD6751or
EN14214specications.

•Thebiodieselusedintheblend

issourcedfromaBQ-9000
AccreditedProducer.

•Thenishedblendmeetsthefuel

propertiesoftheASTMStandard
D975(uptoB5blend)orD7467
(B6toB20blend).

•Theengineoilandoillterare

changedat40,000miles/64,000
km(orsixmonths).

•Thefuellterischangedevery

25,000miles/40,000km.

Theuseofapprovedbiodieselfuel
doesnotaffectthePACCARengine
warranty.Failurescausedbytheuseof
non-approvedbiodieselfuelsorother
fueladditivesthatareofunacceptable
qualityorDONOTmeetspecied
industrystandardsarenotconsidered
asdefectsofpartsorworkmanship
byPACCARandthereforewillnot
becoveredbythePACCARengine
warranty.

PACCARrecommendsthatcustomers
intendingtousebiodieselblends
becomefamiliarwiththeadditional
handlingconsiderationsofthesefuels
suchasageing,metalcompatibility
andtendencytoabsorbwater.Please
referencethefuelsupplier’stechnical
informationorindustryguidelinessuch
astheAmericanTruckingAssociation
TruckMaintenanceCouncildocument
RP357.

5-

22Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

Inparticular,operatorsshouldbe
awarethatbiodieselblendsare
morepronetocoldow(gelling)and
lterpluggingissuescomparedto
conventionaldieselfuel.Ifvehicles
areexpectedtobeoperatedin
temperaturesbelowfreezing,care
shouldbetakentoensurethatboththe
biodieselfuelusedandtheappropriate
vehiclefuelsystemaccessoryheaters
areutilized.

Operatorsshouldalsobeawarethat
biodieselenergycontent(byvolume)
islowerthandieselwhichcanreduce
fueleconomybyuptotwopercent.

LubricatingOil
Recommendationsand
Specications

GeneralInformation

CAUTION

Extendingtheoilandlterchange
intervalbeyondtherecommenda­tionswilldecreasetheenginelife
duetofactorssuchascorrosion,
deposits,andwear.Engineoil
lterscapturedirtandremovede­positsfromtheoiltoprolongthe
lifeofinternalmovingcomponents.
Followtheoilandlterchange
intervalsasrecommendedinthis
sectionofthemanual.Failureto
complymayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

Theuseofqualityenginelubricating
oils,combinedwithappropriateoil
drainandlterchangeintervals,isa
criticalfactorinmaintainingengine
performanceanddurability.Extending
theoilandlterchangeintervalbeyond
therecommendationswilldecrease
enginelifeduetofactorssuchas
corrosion,deposits,andwear.Refer
to“OilDrainIntervals”onpage5-11
todeterminewhichoildrainintervalto
useforanapplication.

NOTE

Itistheownersresponsibilityto
correctlyfollowlubricatingoilrec­ommendations.Ifrecommenda­tionsareignored,theenginewar­rantycouldbeaffected.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-23

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

•API:AmericanPetroleum
Institute

•CES:CumminsEngineering
Standard

•PACCARallows,formidrange
applications,theuseof
lubricatingoilsthatmeetor
exceedCumminsEngineering
Standard(CES)20078orCES
20081withnochangeinoil
draininterval.But,ifanon-low
ashlubricatingoilmeetingthe
CESclassicationCES20078

5

isused,theserviceinterval(s)
fortheaftertreatmentsystem
willbereduced.

NOTE

sectionidentiestheSAEoilviscosity
grade.

Thefollowingtableshowshowthe
CEScomparestotheAmerican
PetroleumInstitute(API)classication.

Todetermineifthelubricatingoilmeets
CES20078orCES20081,reviewthe
labelonthebackofthelubricatingoil
bottlefortheCES20078orCES20081
reference.Ifacquiringthelubricating
oilinbulk,contactthesupplierfor
thelubricatingoilspecicationsand
conrmthattheoilmeetsCES20078
orCES20081.

Alsolocatedonthelubricatingoil
bottleistheAPIservicesymbolwhich
isshownintheillustration.The
upperhalfofthesymboldisplaysthe
appropriateoilcategories.Thecenter

5-

24Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

CumminsEngineStandard
Classication(CES)

CES-20071
CES-20072
CES-20076
CES-20077

CES-20078CI-4/SL

CES-20081CJ-4/SL

NOTE

Alubricatingoilthatmeetsthe
APIperformanceclassication
CJ-4/SLmaynotmeettheCES
20081requirement.Alwaysmake
surethelubricatingoilusedmeets
theCES20081requirementin
additiontotheAPIperformance
classicationCJ-4/SL.

PACCARrecommendstheuseof
high-qualitySAE10W30APICJ-4
heavy-dutyengineoil.

AmericanPetroleumInstitute
Classication(API)

APICH-4/SJ

TheprimaryPACCAR
recommendationisfortheuseof
10W30multigradelubricatingoil
fornormaloperationatambient
temperaturesabove5°F(-15°C).
Forambienttemperaturesbelow
5°F(-15°C)SAE5W30maybe
used,provideditmeetsAPICJ-4
oilspecicationsandbiodieselor
biodieselblendedfuelisnotusedas
fuelfortheengine.Usingamultigrade
oilhelpsimproveenginecrankingin
low-temperatureconditions,reduces

Comments

NOTrecommended.Lubricatingoil
drainintervalmustbereducedby50%.
Aftertreatmentmaintenanceintervalwill
bereduced.

Aftertreatmentmaintenanceintervalwill
bereduced.

Maximumaftertreatmentmaintenance
interval.Nochangeinlubricatingoil
draininterval.

depositformationandincreases
enginedurability .

Useof“syntheticengineoils”(those
madewithAPIgroup3orgroup4
basestocks)ispermittedsubjectto
thesameperformanceandviscosity
limitationsofpetroleum(mineral)
basedengineoils.Thesameoil
changeintervalsmustbeapplied
tosyntheticoilsthatareappliedto
petroleum(mineral)basedengineoils.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-

25

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

1.Allseasons

2.Allseasons

3.Winterconditions

4.Winterconditions

5.Arcticconditions

Whilethepreferredviscositygradeis

5

10W-30,lowerviscositymultigradeoils
canbeusedincolderclimates.See
theaccompanyingchart.Anyviscosity
gradelowerthan10W-30muststill
meetCES20081.

Syntheticengineoils,APIGroup
IIIandGroupIVbasestocks,are
recommendedforuseinP ACCAR

enginesoperatinginambient
temperatureconditionsconsistently
below-13°F(-25°C).Synthetic0W-30
oilsthatmeettherequirementsofAPI
GroupIIIorGroupIVbasestocks,
canbeusedinoperationswherethe
ambienttemperatureneverexceeds
32°F(0°C).Multiviscosityoilsrated
0W-30DONOTofferthesamelevelof
protectionagainstfueldilutionasdo
highermultigradeoils.Highercylinder
wearcanbeexperiencedwhenusing
0W-30oilsinhigh-loadsituations.

Astheseoilshavedirectionallythinner
oillmsthan10W-30oils,top-quality
Fleetguard®ltersmustbeused
above70°F(20°C).Someoilsuppliers
mightclaimbetterfueleconomyfor
theseoils.PACCARcanneither
approvenordisapproveanyproduct
notmanufacturedbyPACCAR.These
claimsarebetweenthecustomerand
oilsupplier.Obtainacommitmentfrom
theoilsupplierthattheoilwillgive

satisfactoryperformanceinP ACCAR
enginesorDONOTusetheoil.

5-26Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

NewEngineBreak-InOils

PACCARdoesnotapprovetheuseof
special“break-in”enginelubricating
oilsforneworrebuiltPACCAR
engines.Itisrecommendedtouse
thesamelubricatingoilforengine
break-inthatwillbeusedduringnormal
operation.

CAUTION

Asulfatedashlimitof1.85percent
hasbeenplacedonallenginelu­bricatingoilsrecommendedforuse
inPACCARengines.Higherash
oilscancausevalveand/orpis­tondamageandleadtoexcessive
oilconsumption.Failuretocomply
mayresultinequipmentdamage.

CAUTION

Theuseofasynthetic-baseoil
doesnotjustifyextendedoil
changeintervals.Extendedoil
changeintervalscandecreaseen­ginelifeduetofactorssuchascor­rosion,deposits,andwear.Failure
tocomplymayresultinequipment
damage.

Additionalinformationregarding
lubricatingoilavailabilitythroughout
theworldisavailableintheEMA
LubricatingOilsDataBookfor
Heavy-DutyAutomotiveandIndustrial
Engines.Thedatabookcanbe
orderedfrom:EngineManufacturers
Association,TwoNorthLaSalleStreet,
Chicago,IL60602;[phone],
(www.enginemanufacturers.org).

AftermarketOilAdditiveUsage

PACCARdoesnotrecommendtheuse
ofaftermarketoiladditives.T oday's
high-qualityenginelubricatingoilsare
verysophisticated.Mostoilsalready
containpreciseamountsofadditives
blendedintothelubricatingoiltomeet
stringentperformancerequirements.

Thesefurnishedoilsmeetperformance
characteristicsthatconformto
thelubricantindustrystandards.
Aftermarketlubricatingoiladditivesare
notnecessarytoenhanceengineoil
performanceandinsomecasescan
reducethefurnishedoil'scapabilityto
protecttheengine.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-27

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

InspectionoftheEngineOil Level

NOTE

Ittakesapproximately15minutes
foralltheoiltorunintothesump
whentheengineis‘warm.’Ifthe
levelischeckedimmediatelyafter
switchingofftheengine,thedip­stickwillshowalowoillevel.

Aftertheengineisshutoffitwilltake
atleast15minutesforalltheengine
oiltoreturntothesump.Ifthelevelis
checkedimmediatelyafterswitching
offtheengine,thedipstickwillshow

5

alowoillevel.

1.Enginecoolantshouldbeator
abovetheoperatingtemperature
of180°F(82°C).

2.Makesurethatthevehicle
suspensionissittingat,both
lengthwiseandcrosswise.Check

thiscarefullyonavehiclewithair
suspension.

3.Twistthedipstickhandletounlock
it,thenpullthedipstickoutofthe
holder.

4.Wipethedipstickcleanwitha
lint-freecloth.

5.Reinsertthedipstickintothe
holder.

6.Removethedipstickfromthe
holderandchecktheoillevel.The
oillevelshouldalwaysbebetween
thetwomarksonthedipstick.

7.Reinstallthedipstickandtwistto
lockitinplace.

NOTE

Ontheengineoildipstick,thedif­ferencebetweenthelowoillevel
mark(2)andhighoillevelmark(1)
istwoUSquarts(1.9liters).

1.Highoillevel

2.Lowoillevel

5-28Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

ToppingUptheEngineOil

1.Ifcheckingtheengineoiljust
afterstoppingtheengine,wait15
minutesfortheoiltodrainback
intotheoilpanbeforechecking
theuidlevel.

2.T opupwithoil,ifnecessary,via
thelleropening.Usethecorrect
gradeinthecorrectquantity.

3.Aftertoppingup,waitoneminute
andchecktheoillevelagain.

4.Reinstalltheoilllcapandtwist
tolockitinplace.

NOTE

See“LubricatingOilRecommen­dationsandSpecications”on
page5-23.

CoolantRecommendations
andSpecications

Thecoolingsysteminyourvehicle
wasfactorylledwithExtendedLife
Coolant(ELC)thatmeetsorexceeds
allASTMD6210requirements.
PACCARrecommendsonlyusinga
50/50mixtureofdistilledwaterand
ELCwhencoolingsystemservice
isrequired.A50/50mixtureofELC
anddistilledwaterwillprovidefreeze
protectiondownto-34°F(-36.7°C),
whichisadequateformostlocations
inNorthAmerica.Forextremelycold
operatingconditions,a60/40mixture
(coolant/waterratio)canbeusedto
providefreezeprotectiondownto

-62°F(-52.2°C).

Yourenginemaybeequippedwith
anoptionalcoolantlterdesignedto
captureandremoveharmfuldeposits
fromthecoolingsystemtohelpprolong
systemlife.

CheckingCoolantCondition

ToensuretheExtendedLifeCoolant
(ELC)inyourvehiclealwaysprovides
maximumfreezeprotection,perform
thefollowingtests:

1.Checkthecoolantcoloratevery
maintenanceinterval.Itshouldbe
abrightredwithnosignsofdebris
oranyoil.

2.T estthefreezepointatleasttwo
timesayear.Arefractometeror
teststripscanbeusedtomeasure
theprotectionlevel.

3.Keepthecoolingsystematfull
levelsbytopping-upusingELC
pre-dilutedto50/50blend.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-29

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

RecommendedExtendedLife
CoolantSuppliers

BrandName

TRP®

5

Supplier

Authorized
PACCARengine
dealer.

CAUTION

CoolingSystemSealingAdditives

DONOTuseaoatingballhy­drometer.Theuseofoatingball
hydrometerscangiveanincorrect
reading.Usingaoatingballhy­drometerfortestingthefreezing
pointofthecoolantisaninaccurate
testandwillcauseafalseread­ingofthecoolantfreezingpoint.
Usearefractometertoobtainan
accuratetestofthecoolantfreez­ingpoint.Failuretocomplymay
resultinequipmentdamage.

5-30Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

MAINTENANCESPECIFICATIONS

CAUTION

Theuseofsealingadditivesinthe
coolingsystemcancausedamage
totheengine.Sealingadditives
canplugvariousareasofthera­diator,EGRsystemandoilcooler.
Thepluggingofthecoolingsystem
canhamperheattransfer,causing
internalenginedamage.DONOT
usesealingadditivesinthecooling
system.Theuseofsealingaddi­tivescan:

•Buildupincoolantlow-ow
areas.

•Plugtheradiatorandoilcooler.

•Damagethewaterpumpseal.

Failuretocomplymayresultin
equipmentorpropertydamage.

CoolingSystemSolubleOils

CAUTION

Theuseofsolubleoilsinthecool­ingsystemcancausedamageto
theengine.Solubleoilsinthecool­ingsystemcan:

•Damageheattransfer
surfaces.

•Damagesealsandhoses.

Failuretocomplymayresultin
equipmentorpropertydamage.

5

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B15-31

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

EngineDataplate................6-3

FuelInjectionPumpDataplate..........6-4

EngineControlModuleDataplate.........6-4

PACCAREngineNomenclature..........6-5

AirCompressor.................6-5

VariableGeometryTurbocharger.........6-6

PACCAREngineT echnology...........6-6

WARRANTY

PACCARPX-9EngineUnitedStatesandCanada

Coverage..................6-8

UnitedStatesandCanadaFireApparatusTruck

ApplicationsCoverage............6-12

EmissionWarranty..............6-16

CaliforniaEmissionControlSystemWarranty,

On-Highway................6-18

INFORMATION

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-1

ENGINE IDENTIFICATION

EngineDataplate

Theenginedataplateprovides
importantfactsabouttheengine.
Theengineserialnumber(ESN)
andcontrolpartslist(CPL)provide
informationforserviceandordering
parts.Theenginedataplatemust
notbechangedunlessapprovedby
PACCARInc.

Thedataplateislocatedonthetop
sideofthegearhousing.

Havethefollowingenginedata
availablewhencommunicatingwitha
PACCARAuthorizedRepairLocation:

1.EngineSerialNumber(ESN)

2.Enginemodelinformation

3.ControlPartsList(CPL)

4.V alveLash

5.HorsepowerandRPMrating

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-

3

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

1.Dataplate

2.ESN

Iftheenginedataplate(1)isnot
readable,theESN(2)canbe
foundontheengineblockontop
ofthelubricatingoilcoolerhousing.
Additionalengineinformationison
theelectroniccontrolmodule(ECM)
dataplate.

6

FuelInjectionPump Dataplate

Thefuelinjectionpumpdataplateis
locatedonthefuelpump.

Thedataplatecontainsthefollowing
informationtoassistinservicingor
replacement:

1.Partnumber

2.Pumpserialnumber

3.Factorycode

EngineControlModule Dataplate

NOTE

NotallengineshaveECMdata­plates.

Enginescoveredbythismanual
areequippedwithaCM2350ECM.
ACM2350ECMhastwo96-pin
connectors.Oneofthe96-pin
connectorsisforengineinputsand
outputsonly.Thesecond96-pin
connectorand14-pinconnectorarefor

6-

4Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

aftertreatmentandvehicleinputsand
outputs.

NOTE

ThepresenceofanECMdataplate
dependsonthemanufacturing
plantandthedatetheenginewas
manufactured.IfanECMdat­aplatewasnotinstalledbythe
manufacturingplant,calibration
datacanbefoundontheengine
dataplate.

PACCAREngine Nomenclature

ThePACCARenginenomenclature
providesthefollowinginformation:

1.HorsepowerRating

2.EngineModel

AirCompressor

NOTE

Notallenginesareequippedwith
anaircompressor.

Theaircompressordataplateis
typicallylocatedonthesideoftheair
compressor.Thedataplatecontains
thefollowinginformationtoassistin
servicingorreplacement:

•Partnumber

•Serialnumber

•Datecode

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-5

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

VariableGeometry Turbocharger

TheHolset®variablegeometry
turbocharger(VGT)dataplateis
locatedontheturbochargerinlet
compressorhousing.

Thedataplatecontainsthefollowing
informationtoassistinservicingor
replacement:

6

•Assemblypartnumber

•Serialnumber

•Customernumber

•Modelnumber.

NOTE

Theelectronicactuatoronthe
VGTisaserviceablecomponent
andhasaseparatedataplatethat
containsinformationtoassistin
servicingorreplacement.

PACCAREngineTechnology

GeneralInformation

Theservicemodelnameforthis
productisPX-9.

Thisengineisbeingreleasedrstto
meetEP A2013.

Thisenginehasthefollowingagency
denedemissionscontrolsystem
(ECS)hardware:

•Charge-aircooler(CAC)

•Directdieselinjection(DDI)

•Enginecontrolmodule(ECM)

•Exhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)

•Oxidationcatalyst(OC)

•Periodictrapoxidizer(PTOX)

•Selectivecatalyticreduction-urea

(SCR-U)

•Turbocharger(TC).

6Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

6-

Thisenginehasthefollowing
emissionsrelatedhardware:

•AftertreatmentoutletNH3gas

sensor

•CM2350ECM

•Engineintakethrottleactuator

•IntegratedaftertreatmentDEF

controllerintotheECM

•Ambientairtemperaturesensor

ENGINEIDENTIFICATION

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-7

WARRANTY

WARRANTY

PACCARPX-9EngineUnited StatesandCanadaCoverage

ProductsWarranted

ThiswarrantyappliestonewP ACCAR
PX-9Enginessoldandusedin
theUnitedStates
operatedinon-highwayapplications
withoneexception-thereisdifferent
warrantycoverageforenginesusedin
thereapparatustruckapplications.

TheP ACCARPX-9Engineis
warranteddirectlytotherstpurchaser
byPACCAR.

6

1.UnitedStatesincludesAmerican
Samoa,theCommonwealthof
NorthernMarianaIslands,Guam,
PuertoRico,andtheU.S.Virgin
Islands.

1

orCanadaand

BaseEngineWarranty

Thiswarrantycoversanyfailuresofthe
enginewhichresult,undernormaluse
andservice,fromadefectinmaterial
orfactoryworkmanship(warrantable
failure).Thiscoveragebeginsonthe
dateofdeliveryandendstwoyearsor
250,000miles(400,000kilometers)or
6,250hours,whicheveroccursrst,
afterthedateofdeliveryoftheengine
totherstpurchaserorrstlessee.

Additionalcoverageisoutlinedinthe
EmissionWarrantyonpage6-16.

PACCARResponsibilities

PACCARwillpayforallpartsandlabor
neededtorepairthedamagetothe
engineresultingfromawarrantable
failure.

PACCARwillpayforthelubricating
oil,antifreeze,lterelements,belts,
hoses,andothermaintenanceitems
thatarenotreusableduetothe
warrantablefailure.PACCARwillpay
forreasonablelaborcostsforengine
removalandreinstallationwhen
necessarytorepairawarrantable
failure.

PACCARwillpayduringthebase
enginewarrantyperiodoftwoyearsor
250,000miles(400,000kilometers)or
6,250hours,whicheveroccursrst.
Reasonablecostsfortowingavehicle
disabledbyawarrantablefailureto
thenearestauthorizedrepairstation.
Inlieuofthetowingexpenseand
initssolediscretion,PACCARmay

6-

8Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WARRANTY

payreasonablecostsforamechanic
totraveltoandfromthelocationof
thevehiclewhenanenginerepairis
performedatthesiteofthefailure.

OwnerResponsibilities

Theownerisresponsibleforthe
operationandmaintenanceofthe
engineasspeciedintheapplicable
PACCAROperator’sManual.Owner
isalsoresponsibleforprovidingproof
thatallrecommendedmaintenance
hasbeenperformed.

Beforetheexpirationoftheapplicable
warranty,Ownermustnotifya
PACCARauthorizeddealeroran
authorizedCumminsDistributorof
anywarrantablefailureandmake
theengineavailableforrepairby
suchfacility .Thewarrantablefailure
mustbebroughttotheattentionofa
PACCARauthorizedenginedealer
within30daysofdiscovery.Owner
mustalsodelivertheenginetothe
authorizedenginerepairfacilityduring
thewarrantyperiodunlessdeliveris
impossiblebecausetheenginehas
beendisabledbyawarrantablefailure.

Theownerisresponsibleforthecost
oflubricatingoil,antifreeze,lter
elementsandothermaintenance
itemsprovidedduringwarrantyrepairs
unlesssuchitemsarenotreusable
duetothewarrantablefailure.Owner
isresponsibleforcommunication
expenses,meals,lodgingandsimilar
costsincurredasaresultofa
warrantablefailure.

Theownerisresponsiblefor
non-enginerepairsandfor“downtime”
expenses,cargodamage,nes,all
applicabletaxes,allbusinesscosts
andotherlossesresultingfroma
warrantablefailure.

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-9

WARRANTY

Limitations

Yoursoleandexclusiveremedy
againstPACCARandtheselling
dealerarisingfromyourpurchaseand
useofthisengineislimitedtothe
repairorreplacementof“warrantable
failures”atauthorizedUnitedStates
andCanadianPACCARengine
dealers,oranauthorizedCummins
Distributor,oranauthorizedP ACCAR
enginefacilitywhereapplicable,
subjecttoPACCAR'stime,mileage,
andhourlimitationsoftheengine
warranty.Themaximumtime,mileage
andhourlimitationsoftheengine
warrantybeginrunningonthedate
ofdeliverytotherstpurchaser.The
accruedtime,mileage,orhoursis
calculatedwhentheengineisbrought
intoanauthorizeddealerforcorrection

6

ofwarrantablefailures.

PACCARisnotresponsiblefor
failuresordamageresultingfrom
whatPACCARdeterminestobe

abuseorneglect,including,butnot
limitedto:damageduetoaccident;
operationwithoutadequatecoolantsor
lubricants;overfueling;overspeeding;
lackofmaintenanceoflubricating,
coolingorintakesystems;improper
storage,starting,warm-up,run-inor
shutdownpractices;unauthorized
modicationsoftheengine.PACCAR
isalsonotresponsibleforfailures
causedbyincorrectoilorfuelordiesel
exhaustuidorbywater,dirtorother
contaminantsinthefuel,oil,ordiesel
exhaustuid.Failureofreplacement
partsusedinrepairsduetotheabove
non-warrantableconditionsisnot
warrantable.

Thiswarrantydoesnotapplyto
accessoriessuppliedbythevehicle
OEMwhicharecoveredbytheOEM
vehiclewarranty .

Failuresresultinginexcessiveoil
consumptionarecoveredforthe
durationofthecoverageor250,000

miles(402,336kilometers)or6,250
hoursfromthedateofdeliveryofthe
enginetotherstpurchaser,whichever
ofthethreeoccursrst.Beforea
claimforexcessiveoilconsumption
willbeconsidered,Ownermustsubmit
adequatedocumentationtoshow
thatconsumptionexceedsPACCAR
publishedstandards.

Failuresofbeltsandhosessuppliedby
PACCARarecoveredfortherstyear
fromthedateofdeliveryoftheengine
totherstpurchaser.

PACCARdoesnotwarrantantifreeze,
lubricants,lters,lterelements,or
anyotherpartwhichisconsidereda
maintenanceitem.

Partsusedtorepairawarrantable
failuremaybenewparts,approved
rebuiltparts,orrepairedparts.
PACCARisnotresponsiblefor
failuresresultingfromtheuseofparts
notapprovedbyPACCAR.Anew

6-

10Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WARRANTY

approvedrebuiltpartusedtorepair
awarrantablefailureassumesthe
identityofthepartitreplacedandis
entitledtotheremainingcoverage
hereunder.

PACCARisnotresponsiblefor
damageorlossresultingfromengine
horsepower/torqueupgrades.

PACCARIncreservestherightto
interrogateelectroniccontrolmodule
(ECM)dataforpurposesoffailure
analysis.

PACCARDOESNOTCOVERWEAR
ORWEAROUTOFCOVERED
PARTS.

THISWARRANTYANDTHE
EMISSIONWARRANTYSETFORTH
HEREINAFTERARETHESOLE
WARRANTIESMADEBYPACCAR
INREGARDTOTHESEENGINES.

THISLIMITEDW ARRANTYIS
THESOLEWARRANTYMADE
BYPACCARANDTHESELLING
DEALER.EXCEPTFORTHEABOVE
LIMITEDWARRANTY,P ACCARAND
THESELLINGDEALERMAKENO
OTHERWARRANTIES,EXPRESS
ORIMPLIED.PACCARANDTHE
SELLINGDEALEREXPRESSL Y
DISCLAIMANYWARRANTY
OFMERCHANT ABILITYOR
WARRANTYOFFITNESSFORA
PARTICULARPURPOSE.

PACCARANDTHESELLING
DEALERSHALLNOTBE
LIABLEFORINCIDENTALOR
CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES
INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITED
TO:LOSSOFINCOMEORLOST
PROFITS;ENGINEORVEHICLE
DOWNTIME;THIRDPARTY
DAMAGE,INCLUDINGDAMAGE
ORLOSSTOOTHERENGINES,
VEHICLESORPROPERTY,

ATTACHMENTS,TRAILERSAND
CARGO;LOSSORDAMAGE
TOPERSONALCONTENTS;
COMMUNICATIONEXPENSES;
LODGINGAND/ORMEAL
EXPENSES;FINES;APPLICABLE
TAXESORBUSINESSCOSTSOR
LOSSES;ATTORNEYS'FEES;AND
ANYLIABILITYYOUMA YHAVEIN
RESPECTTOANYOTHERPERSON
ORENTITY .

Thiswarrantygivesyouspeciclegal
rights,andyoumayalsohaveother
rightswhichvaryfromstatetostate.

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-11

WARRANTY

UnitedStatesandCanada
FireApparatusTruck
ApplicationsCoverage

ProductsWarranted

ThiswarrantyappliestonewP ACCAR
PX-9enginessoldandusedinthe
UnitedStates
inreapparatustruckapplications.

1

orCanadaandoperated

6

1.UnitedStatesincludesAmerican
Samoa,theCommonwealthof
NorthernMarianaIslands,Guam,
PuertoRico,andtheU.S.Virgin
Islands.

BaseEngineWarranty

Thebaseenginewarrantycovers
anyfailuresoftheenginewhich
result,undernormaluseandservice,
fromadefectinmaterialorfactory
workmanship(warrantablefailure).
Thiscoveragebeginsonthedateof
deliverytotherstpurchaserandends
veyearsor100,000miles(160,935
kilometers),whicheveroccursrst.

Engineaftertreatmentcomponents
includedintheP ACCARcriticalparts
list(CPL)andmarkedwithaP ACCAR
partnumberarecoveredunderbase
enginewarranty .

Additionalcoverageisoutlinedinthe
EmissionWarrantyonpage6-16.

PACCARResponsibilities

PACCARwillpayforallpartsandlabor
neededtorepairthedamagetothe
engineresultingfromawarrantable
failure.

PACCARwillpayforthelubricating
oil,antifreeze,lterelements,belts,
hosesandothermaintenanceitems
thatarenotreusableduetothe
warrantablefailure.PACCARwillpay
forreasonablelaborcostsforengine
removalandreinstallationwhen
necessarytorepairawarrantable
failure.

PACCARwillpayreasonablecosts
fortowingavehicledisabledbya
warrantablefailuretothenearest
authorizedrepairlocation.Inlieu
ofthetowingexpenseandatits
solediscretion,PACCARwillpay
reasonablecostsforamechanicto
traveltoandfromthelocationof

6-

12Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)

WARRANTY

thevehiclewhenitsenginerepairis
performedatthesiteofthefailure.

OwnerResponsibilities

Theownerisresponsibleforthe
operationandmaintenanceofthe
engineasspeciedinPACCAR
Operator’sManual.Theownerisalso
responsibleforprovidingproofthatall
recommendedmaintenancehasbeen
performed.

Beforetheexpirationoftheapplicable
warranty,Ownermustnotifya
PACCARauthorizeddealeroran
authorizedCumminsDistributorof
anywarrantablefailureandmake
theengineavailableforrepairby
suchfacility .Thewarrantablefailure
mustbebroughttotheattentionofa
PACCARauthorizedenginedealer
within30daysofdiscovery.Except
forenginesdisabledbyawarrantable
failure,ownermustalsodeliverthe
enginetotherepairfacility .

Theownerisresponsibleforthecost
oflubricatingoil,antifreeze,lter

elementsandothermaintenance
itemsprovidedduringwarrantyrepairs
unlesssuchitemsarenotreusable
duetothewarrantablefailure.

Theownerisresponsiblefor
communicationexpenses,meals,
lodgingandsimilarcostsincurredasa
resultofawarrantablefailure.

Theownerisresponsiblefor
non-enginerepairsandfordowntime
expenses,cargodamage,nes,all
applicabletaxes,allbusinesscosts
andotherlossesresultingfroma
warrantablefailure.

Theownerisresponsiblefora$100
(U.S.Dollars)deductiblepereach
servicevisitunderthisplaninthe3rd,
4th,and5thyearsofbaseengine
warranty.Thedeductiblewillnotbe
chargedduringthersttwoyearsof
thebaseenginewarranty .

6

(12/2014)Y53-1185-1B16-13

WARRANTY

Limitations

Yoursoleandexclusiveremedy
againstPACCARandtheselling
dealerarisingfromyourpurchaseand
useofthisengineislimitedtothe
repairorreplacementof“warrantable
failures”atauthorizedUnitedStates
andCanadianPACCARengine
dealers,oranauthorizedCummins
Distributor,oranauthorizedP ACCAR
enginefacilitywhereapplicable,
subjecttoPACCAR'stime,mileage,
andhourlimitationsoftheengine
warranty.Themaximumtime,mileage
andhourlimitationsoftheengine
warrantybeginrunningonthedate
ofdeliverytotherstpurchaser.The
accruedtime,mileage,orhoursis
calculatedwhentheengineisbrought
intoanauthorizeddealerforcorrection

6

ofwarrantablefailures.

PACCARisnotresponsiblefor
failuresordamageresultingfrom
whatPACCARdeterminestobe

abuseorneglect,includingbutnot
limitedto:damageduetoaccident;
operationwithoutadequatecoolantsor
lubricants;overfueling;overspeeding;
lackofmaintenanceoflubricating,
coolingorintakesystems;improper
storage,starting,warm-up,run-inor
shutdownpractices;unauthorized
modicationsoftheengine.PACCAR
isalsonotresponsibleforfailures
causedbyincorrectoil,fuelordiesel
exhaustuidorbywater,dirtorother
contaminantsinthefuel,oilordiesel
exhaustuid.Failureofreplacement
partsusedinrepairsduetotheabove
non-warrantableconditionsisnot
warrantable.

Thiswarrantydoesnotapplyto
accessoriessuppliedbyPACCAR
whicharecoveredbytheOEMvehicle
warranty.

Failuresresultinginexcessiveoil
consumptionarenotcoveredbeyond
thedurationofthecoverageor100,000

miles(160,935kilometers)or6,250
hoursfromthedateofdeliveryofthe
enginetotherstpurchaser,whichever
ofthethreeoccursrst.Beforea
claimforexcessiveoilconsumption
willbeconsidered,ownermustsubmit
adequatedocumentationtoshow
thatconsumptionexceedsPACCAR
publishedstandards.

Failuresofbeltsandhosessupplied
byP ACCARarenotcoveredbeyond
therstyearfromthedateofdelivery
oftheenginetotherstpurchaser.

PACCARdoesnotwarrantyantifreeze,
lubricants,lters,lterelements,or
anyotherpartwhichisconsidereda
maintenanceitem.

Partsusedtorepairawarrantable
failuremaybenewparts,approved
rebuiltparts,orrepairedparts.
PACCARisnotresponsibleforfailures
resultingfromtheuseofpartsnot
approvedbyPACCAR.Anewor

6-

14Y53-1185-1B1(12/2014)