8
The 2x sidereal rate is the best setting for making guiding corrections during long-exposure astrophotography. The 8x and
16x rates are best for centering an object within the telescope’s eyepiece.
Note that whenever any of the four buttons on the hand controller are pressed, the LED in the center of the controller will
shine red; when the button is released, the LED will be green.
Also, when the LED starts to blink at a constant rate, its time
to change the batteries in the battery pack.
Using the R.A. and Dec. Reversal Switches
On the side of the hand controller, there are two reversal
switches, one for the R.A. axis, and one for the Dec. axis.
When these switches are flipped to the “REV” setting, the
pushbuttons on the hand controller will be reversed. The
reversal switches allow you to orient the pushbuttons to the
direction of apparent movement of a guide star in a guide
scope.
Understanding the Setting Circles
The setting circles on an equatorial mount (Figure 9) enable
you to locate celestial objects by their “celestial coordinates”.
Every object resides in a specific location on the “celestial
sphere”. That location is denoted by two numbers: its right
ascension (R.A.) and declination (Dec.). In the same way,
every location on Earth can be described by its longitude and
latitude. Right ascension is similar to longitude on Ear th, and
declination is similar to latitude.The R.A. and Dec. values for
celestial objects can be found in any star atlas or star catalog.
The R.A. setting circle is scaled in hours, from 1 through 24,
with small marks in between representing 10-minute increments (there are 60 minutes in 1 hour of right ascension).The
lower set of numbers apply to viewing in the Northern
Hemisphere, while the numbers above them apply to viewing
in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Dec. setting circle is scaled in degrees, with each mark
representing 2° increments.Values of declination coordinates
range from +90° to -90°. The 0° mark indicates the celestial
equator.When the telescope is pointed north of the celestial
equator, values of the declination setting circle are positive;
when the telescope is pointed south of the celestial equator,
values of the declination setting circle are negative.
So, the coordinates for the Orion Nebula listed in a star atlas
will look like this:
R.A. 5h 35.4m Dec. –5° 27'
That’s 5 hours and 35.4 minutes in right ascension, and -5
degrees and 27 arc-minutes in declination (there are 60 arcminutes in 1 degree of declination).
Before you can use the setting circles to locate objects, the
mount must be accurately polar aligned, and the setting circles must be calibrated.
Calibrating the Declination Setting Circle
1. Loosen the Dec. lock lever and position the telescope as
accurately as possible in declination so it is parallel to the
R.A. axis as shown in Figure 3. Re-tighten the lock lever.
2. Loosen one of the thumbscrews on the Dec. setting circle,
this will allow the setting circle to rotate freely. Rotate the
Dec. setting circle until the pointer reads exactly 90°.Re-
tighten the setting circle thumbscrew.
Calibrating the Right Ascension Setting Circle
1. Identify a bright star in the sky near the celestial equator
(declination = 0°) and look up its coordinates in a star
atlas.
2. Loosen the R.A. and Dec. lock levers on the equatorial
mount, so the telescope optical tube can move freely.
3. Point the telescope at the bright star whose coordinates
you know. Lock the R.A. and Dec. lock levers. Center the
star in the telescope’s field of view with the hand controller.
4. Loosen one of the R.A. setting circle thumbscrews (see
Figure 9) this will allow the setting circle to rotate freely.
Rotate the setting circle until the R.A. pointer arrow indicates the R.A. coordinate listed in the star atlas for the
object. Re-tighten the setting circle thumbscrew.
Finding Objects With the Setting Circles
Now that both setting circles are calibrated, look up in a star
atlas the coordinates of an object you wish to view.
1. Loosen the Dec. lock lever and rotate the telescope until
the declination value from the star atlas matches the reading on the Dec.setting circle.Remember that values of the
Dec.setting circle are positive when the telescope is pointing north of the celestial equator (Dec. = 0°), and negative
when the telescope is pointing south of the celestial equator.Retighten the lock lever.
Figure 9. The R.A. and Dec. setting circles.
Dec. setting circle
Dec. setting circle
thumbscrew (2)
Dec. indicator arrow
R.A. setting circle
R.A. indicator arrow
R.A. setting circle
thumbscrew
(2)