Open 531R User Manual

Preface

This manual is written for software version 2.5x. It is designed to provide information to network administrators. It covers the installation, operation and applications of the OPEN 531R SHDSL router.

Version History

The software for this device is upgraded from version 2.4x to 2.5x.

Manual Organization

This manual is organized into three parts; Part I: includes a product overview and guide for initial configuration. For most users this section will provide sufficient information to setup and operate your router. Part II: covers advanced configuration. Part III: includes maintenance, applications of the router, and troubleshooting. The manual is arranged as follows:

Part I: Getting Started

Chapter 1: Product features and applications

n Chapter 2: Hardware installation n Chapter 3- 5: Initial configuration

Part II: Advanced Configuration

n Chapter 6- 11: Operation and configuration via a console or Telnet

Part III: Maintenance and Applications

n Chapter 12: Maintenance via console or Telnet n Chapter 13: Applications n Chapter 14: Troubleshooting

Appendices:

n Appendix A: Index of console/ Telnet n Appendix B: Specifications n Appendix C: Pin assignments

Copyright© 2002 OPEN Networks Limited. All rights reserved. The content of this manual is subject to change without notice. The information and messages contained herein are proprietary to OPEN Networks Limited. No part of this manual may be translated, transcribed, reproduced, in any form, or by any means without prior written permission by OPEN Networks Limited.

Warning

Before servicing or disassembling this equipment, always disconnect all power and telephone lines from the wall outlet.

Use an appropriate power supply and a UL Listed telephone line cord. Specification of the power supply is clearly stated in Appendix B - Specification.

III

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Part I: Getting Started...................................................... 1

Chapter 1 Introduction........................................................................ 2

1.1 Overview .......................................................................................2

1.2 Features........................................................................................3

1.3 Application .....................................................................................4

1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators ................................................................5

Chapter 2 Installation ................................ ......................................... 6

2.1 Rear Panel Connectors ......................................................................6

2.2 Preparing for Installation ..................................................................6

2.3 Installation Procedures .....................................................................7

Chapter 3 Accessing the Router ........................................................... 8

3.1 Access by Console ...........................................................................8

3.2 Access by Telnet ............................................................................ 10

3.3 Keyboard Operations ......................................................................11

3.4 Menu Layout.................................................................................12

3.5 Configuration Steps in Console/Telnet ...............................................13

3.5.1 Write System Configurations .........................................................15

3.5.2 Reboot System...........................................................................16

Chapter 4 Initial Configuration ................................ ...........................17

4.1 Initial Setup .................................................................................17

4.2 Quick Configuration .......................................................................18

4.2.1 LAN Interface.............................................................................18

4.2.2 ATM Interface ............................................................................19

4.2.3 ATM Virtual Channel (VC) Parameters .............................................21

4.2.4 ISP Configuration................................ ........................................ 23

4.3 SHDSL Characteristics Parameters ....................................................24

Part II: Advanced Configuration ........................................25

Chapter 5 Bridging .............................................................................26

5.1 Overview .....................................................................................26

5.2 Add Static MAC Entry .....................................................................26

5.3 Delete Static MAC Address ..............................................................27

5.4 Spanning Tree Protocol...................................................................27

5.5 Forwarding Table ...........................................................................28

5.6 Configuring transparent bridging......................................................28

Chapter 6 IP Routing..........................................................................29

6.1 RIP Configuration ..........................................................................29

6.2 Advanced RIP Configuration ............................................................29

6.3 Static Route Configuration ...............................................................31

6.3.1 Add a static route.......................................................................31

6.3.2 Delete a Static Route...................................................................31

6.3.3 Routing Table/ List Static Routes ...................................................32

6.4 Ping Test Utility .............................................................................32

Chapter 7 Network Address Translation ................................ ..............33

7.1 Overview .....................................................................................33

7.2 Network Address Translation............................................................34

7.3 Port Address Translation ................................ ................................. 36

7.3.1 Bi-directional NAT (Two- Way NAT) ................................................. 38

7.3.2 Configuration of bi- directional NAT ................................................. 38

7.4 Configuration of NAT/PAT ................................................................39

7.4.1 Set Routing Mode .......................................................................40

7.4.2 Configure the LAN Interface..........................................................40

7.4.3 Configure the ATM interface..........................................................40

7.4.4 Assign Private IP address Pools .....................................................41

7.4.5 Assign Global IP Address Pools......................................................42

7.4.6 Pool Mapping .............................................................................42

7.4.7 Fixed IP Address Mapping ............................................................43

7.4.8 Configure Virtual Servers .............................................................44

7.4.9 Configure Static Routes ...............................................................46

7.5 Applications .................................................................................. 47

7.5.1 Static One-to- One NAT ................................................................48

7.5.2 Dynamic One -to-One NAT ............................................................53

7.5.3 Dynamic Many -to-One PAT ...........................................................57

7.5.4 Dynamic Many -to-Many PAT .........................................................60

7.5.5 Virtual Ser ver Mapping ................................................................64

Chapter 8 DNS Proxy..........................................................................65

8.1 Overview .....................................................................................65

8.2 Configure DNS Proxy......................................................................65

Chapter 9 DHCP .................................................................................66

9.1 Overview .....................................................................................66

9.2 Configure DHCP ............................................................................66

Chapter 10 SNMP .................................................................................67

10.1 Community ..................................................................................67

10.2 Trap Destinations...........................................................................67

10.3 Add Trap Destination Entry ..............................................................67

10.3.1 Delete Trap Destination Entry .......................................................68

10.3.2 List Trap Destination Entries .........................................................68

Part III: Maintenance and Applications.............................69

Chapter 11 Maintenance.......................................................................70

11.1 Load Factory Default Values ............................................................70

11.2 Software Upgrade..........................................................................71

11.3 Configuration Backup and Restoration ...............................................72

11.3.1 Configuration Backup ..................................................................72

11.3.2 Configuration Restoration .............................................................73

11.4 Performance Monitoring..................................................................74

11.4.1 SHDSL Status Monitor................................ ................................. 74

11.4.2 ATM Interface Monitor................................ ................................. 74

11.4.3 SHDSL Performance Statistics.......................................................75

11.4.4 Interface Performance Monitor ......................................................75

11.5 Utilities........................................................................................76

11.5.1 TFTP Application .........................................................................76

11.5.2 Ping Test...................................................................................77

11.5.3 Routing Table Utility ....................................................................77

11.5.4 Forwarding Table Utility ................................................................77

11.5.5 SHDSL Diagnostics......................................................................77

11.5.6 EOC Diagnostics.........................................................................78

11.5.7 Virtual Terminal..........................................................................78

Chapter 12 Applications .......................................................................79

12.1 Example 1: Point to DSLAM Application .............................................79

12.2 Example 2: Point to Point Application ................................................81

12.3 Example 3: Bridge Mode with PPPoE Configuration ..............................83

12.4 Example 4: Router Mode with PPPoE Configuration ..............................85

12.5 Example 5: Router Mode with IPoA Configuration ................................88

12.6 Example 6: NAT and DHCP Configuration ...........................................91

Chapter 13 Troubleshooting .................................................................97

Appendix A – Menu Index of Console/Telnet ..........................................98

Appendix B - Specifications .................................................................106

Appendix C - Pin Assignments..............................................................108

GLOSSARY . ..............................................................................109

Part I: Getting Started

This section will provide an overview of the OPEN 531R, including its features, and applications. Then, it will provide information for hardware installation, access to the router, and initial configuration of

the router. For most users this section will provide sufficient information to setup and operate your router.

Chapter 1: Product features and applications

n Chapter 2: Hardware installation

Chapter 3: Accessing the Router

Chapter 4: Initial configuration (Console/Telnet)

Chapter 5: Web Configuration

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Overview

The OPEN 531R SHDSL router satisfies the needs of multiple users for small office / home office and remote office / branch office applications. It provides a symmetrical transmission speed up to 2.3 Mbps through SHDSL connection over one ordinary telephone line. In addition, it supports up to 16 virtual concurrent connections to multiple destinations.

The OPEN 531R SHDSL router can be used for variety of applications, including video conferencing, remote training, e-commerce, and other multimedia applications. Easy configuration and monitoring can be accomplished by using the Web browser.

The OPEN 531R SHDSL router has full routing capabilities to segment/route IP protocols and is capable of bridging other protocols. It can be also configured in either server or client mode providing a point-to- point connectivity between two sites.

1.2 Features

The router has the following features.

n Compact and high- performance standalone unit n Bridge function n Comply with ITU-T G.991.2 (G.shdsl) n Auto- negotiation rate adaptation n AAL5 for ATM over SHDSL n UBR/CBR/VBR ATM services n VC- based and LLC multiplexing n Up to 16 VCs n One Ethernet port for LAN connection n One console port for local management n Embedded SNMP agent n Configuration backup and restoration n OAM F4/F5 support n Static route/RIP/RIP v2 routing function n Dynamic IP assignment and Network Address Translation

1.3 Application

The OPEN 531R can be applied for DSLAM and point- to-point applications.

531R

Figure 1-1 DSLAM Application

531R

Figure 1- 2 Point-to-point Application

1.4 Front Panel LED Indicators

There are seven LED indicators provided on the front panel. These LEDs indicate system statuses like power status, activity, and alarm conditions. The description

of each LED is given in Table 1-1.

ALERTPOWER

COLACT LINK

Broadband G.shdsl Router OPEN 531R

DATA

Figure 1- 3 Front View

LED Color Mode Function

On 12VAC power input is supplied to this unit POWER Green Off Power is not connected Off Normal status On An alarm is occurring

ALERT Red

Flash Software downloading or self- testing On Transmit data or receive data over Ethernet link

ACT Green

Off No data transmitted or received over the

Ethernet link

COL Yellow On Collision occurs over Ethernet

The physical link through RJ11 connection cable

is established

Flash SHDSL line is training

LINK Green

Off SHDSL connection not established On Receive data over SHDSL link Data RX Green Off No data received over the SHDSL link On Transmit data over the SHDSL link Data TX Green Off No data transmitted over the SHDSL link

Figure 1- 4 LED functions

Chapter 2 Installation

2.1 Rear Panel Connectors

There are four connectors on the rear panel. To make a connection with these connectors, refer to Section.2.3.

2.2 Preparing for Installation

Make sure the following equipment is ready before installing the router.

n VT-100 Compatible Terminal –

This terminal is essential to perform the initial configuration of the router. This is normally a terminal with a VT- 100 emulation program, such as Telix and HyperTerminal Edition5.

n Console Port Cable –

An RS -232, DB9-to-DB9 straight-through cable is required to connect the terminal to the device. For pin definitions, please refer to Appendix C.

AC power adapter -

A suitable power adapter is shipped with the router. It is used to provide the necessary power for the router’s operation.

n An optional LAN connection cable –

To connect to the hub, use a straight-through RJ45 cable . To connect to a PC, use a crossover RJ45 cable. Refers to Appendix C for pin definitions of the LAN port.

n An optional RJ11 cable –

An RJ11 cable is needed to connect the LINE port.

2.3 Installation Procedures

Figure 2- 1 illustrates possible connections to the backplane connectors.

Figure 2- 1 Installation

Step 1 Connect the Line port to the phone line. Step 2 Connect the LAN port to a hub with a straight-

through RJ45 cable, or

connect the router to a PC with a crossover RJ45 cable.

Step 3 Connect the Console port to the VT-

100 compatible terminal with a

RS232 straight-through cable for local management.

Step 4 Connect the Power

jack to the power cord with the shipped power

adapter cord.

Step 5 Attach the power adapter to the wall outlet or other AC source. Step 6 After power on, the router performs a self -

test. Waiting for a few seconds

until the test is finished, the router will be ready to operate.

Caution 1: If the router fails to power on, or it

malfunctions, first verify that the

power supply is correctly connected. Then power it on again. If

the problem persists, contact our technical support engineers.

Caution 2:

Always disconnect all telephone lines from the wall outlet before

servicing or disassembling this equipment.

Chapter 3 Accessing the Router

This chapter introduces how to access and manage the router. Initial configuration of the router is covered in Chapter 4, Initial Configuration. There are two methods to access the router: console and Telnet. Either of these methods can be used to access, configure, operate or monitor the router.

3.1 Access by Console

For access by console, the console PC should be installed with a standard VT -100 emulation program, such as HyperTerminal 5 or Telix. The following steps describe how to establish the console session.

Step 1 Start a standard VT- 100 program such as HyperTerminal (Ver. 5 is

recommended), or Telix in the local terminal; and select an open com port.

Step 2 Enter the following port settings:

n Baud rate: 9600 n Data bits: 8 n Parity: none n Stop bit: 1 n Flow control: none

Step 3

After the session parameters are set up, as shown in Step 2, press

the ESC key.

You can start operating the router now. [General

operation procedures are described in Section 3.4.]

Step 4

Note:

Use the up/down-arrow

keys to select the utility item you want

and then use the right-arrow

key to enter the menu you will

configure.

To configure the router for Telnet and Web access, complete the

procedures belo

w to change the necessary parameters. If you do not

require Telnet or Web access you can go directly to step 13,

which case you will be using the following default values:

LAN IP address: 210.65.231.206 Read-write access password

n Login: root n Password: root

Step 6 To change the LAN IP address, enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu.

Step 7

To set WAN IP addresses, enter the ATM interface menus, e.g.,

MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 [Refer to Section 4.2.2 ATM Interface details].

Step 8 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the settings.

Step 9 To change the passwords, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu.

Step 10

You can enable the console password check function in the Console

Password Check field. Then, a visitor will be requested to enter the password.

Step 11 Enter a new password for ADMINISTRATOR in the

New

Administrator Password

field and retype the password to confirm.

Step 12 Enter a new password for USER in the New User Password

field and

retype the password to confirm.

Step 13 Return to the main menu and select WRITE

to write these

configurations to the flash memory, and then reboot the system.

Step 14 In less than one minute, the sentence Press ESC key to enter

console mode configuration displays on your screen.

Note:

After changing the parameters, save them to flash memory and then

reboot the system before you quit, or you will lose the new parameters.

3.2 Access by Telnet

The device permits a maximum of one ADMINISTRATOR, and two COMMON users to telnet to the system at the same time. The following steps show the configuration.

Step 1: Telnet to the router with the LAN IP address or WAN IP address

[refer to Section 3.1, Steps 6 and 7 on setting the LAN/WAN IP addresses]. The default LAN IP address is 210.65.231.206

Step 2: You will be requested to enter the login name and password as

follows.

To have full access privileges as an ADMINISTRATOR, type root

the Login field, and root in the password field; or if the defaul

password was changed, type the password that was set in the

console session [refer to Section 3.1 Steps 9- 12.]

To have read- only access as a common USER, type user

in the Login

field and user

in the password field; or if the default password was

cha

nged, type the password that was set in the console session

[refer to Section 3.1 Steps 9-12].

Step 3

The main menu should appear. The menus in a Telnet session are

the same as in the console session.

3.3 Keyboard Operations

↑

The upward arrow key moves the cursor upward in the menu

↓

The cursor moves downward in the menu.

←

Returns to the previous menu. If you are in a leaf menu you may need to push ^S first (to save the information)

→

Skips to the next menu.

Hold down the Ctrl-S key s simultaneously to perform different actions such as Save, Add, Delete and Go.

In the leaf menu, hold down the Ctrl-

X keys simultaneously to return

to the previous menu.

Hold down the Ctrl-L keys simultaneously to return to the Home Menu

Hold down the Ctrl-T keys simultaneously to reset the value or statistics counted.

Hold down the Ctrl-R keys simultaneously to refresh or restore the menu.

Press the Q key to stop certain actions, such as software downloading.

Tab

In the leaf menu, some configuration fields are marked, TAB. It means you need to press the TAB key to scroll through and select

the pre -defined options.

The following backup keys can be used if your software doesn’t support arrow keys

Moves the cursor upward [equal to the up arrow key]

Moves the cursor downward [equal to the down arrow key]

Return to the previous menu [equal to the left arrow key]

Enter the selected item [equal to the right arrow key]

3.4 Menu Layout

The operating menu of the router follows a tree- structured design with three categories: main menu, branch menu and leaf menu. You can select each menu

item by using the up, down, left and right arrow keys in the main and branch menus. The leaf menu is used to program each parameter. The layout of a menu includes messages, such as software version, model name, and keyboard instructions.

Figure 3- 1 Menu Layout

3.5 Configuration Steps in Console/Telnet

This section will briefly explain the steps involved to configure your router from the console or from Telnet. For ease of use, when describing configuration procedures in

this document, the full path name is given, e.g.,> MAIN/QC/LAN. For example, if you want to configure the LAN interface of the router, complete the following procedures.

Step 1:

Enter the main menu. You can verify you are in the main menu, by

checking the text at the bottom- left of the screen reads: Path> Main. If you are not in the main menu, use the key commands as e

xplained

in Section 3.4 to access the Main Menu.

Step 2:

Use the up or down arrow keys to select an item. In this case, select

QC. Press the right arrow key to go to the MAIN/QC

menu. The

text at the bottom- left of the screen, should read: PATH> MAIN/QC

indicate the directory of the current operating menu.

Step 3:

Use the up or down arrow key to select an item. In this case, select

LAN

and press the right arrow key to enter the leaf menu. The text at

the bottom- left of the screen, should read: PATH> MAIN/QC/LAN

Step 4:

Enter a parameter in each field. For fields that include the word:

TAB, e.g., Network Type (TAB)

, press the TAB key to select a

parameter from the pre-

defined values. Then save the settings in

RAM by holding down the Ctrl- S keys.

Step 5: Return to the main menu and enter the MAIN\WRITE

menu to save the

configurations from RAM to flash memory, and then reboot the device.

Note: Before you exit the Console or Telnet session, make sure you write the

changes into t he flash memory and reboot the router. You must write the changes, or they will be lost when you reboot the router, or exit the system.

3.5.1 Write System Configurations

When you hold down the Ctrl-S keys, it only saves the parameters in RAM. The parameters will only be kept temporarily, they will be lost after the system is exited or rebooted. To save settings permanently, you must write the configurations into the flash memory and reboot the system. To write the configurations follow the steps below:

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu.

Step 2 The screen will display This will write configurations to flash (Y/N).

Type Y.

Step 3

Press any key to return to the main menu when the following message

displays:

Write configuration to flash complete! Press an

y key to return

to previous menu …

Step 4 Reboot the system. (Refer to Section 3.6.2)

3.5.2 Reboot System

To reboot the device, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/REBOOT

menu, the following message will be displayed:

This will reboot the system? (Y/N).

Step 2: Type Y to reboot the system.

Step 3: Wait for the message:

Press ESC to enter console mode configuration...

Step 4: Press ESC to re- enter the main menu

Chapter 4 Initial Configuration

This chapter explains initial configuration, quick configuration and SHDSL characteristics parameters. For further configuration of the specific functions, refer to Chapters 6 to 11.

4.1 Initial Setup

For the initial setup of your router, please complete the following steps:

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu Step 2: Complete the fields below:

Field Setting

Host name:

This Field is only used for identification purposes

Domain Name:

This Field is only used for identification purposes

Operation mode:

Set to router or bridge mode

Terminal Type

The device can be used to connect to a DSLAM or for peer-to- peer application. When it is connected to a DSLAM, select CPE in the Terminal mode field. When two SHDSL devices are used, configure one of them as the CO and the other as the CPE.

Console Password Check:

Normally, a local user does not have to enter a password to enter the console mode. If the console password check function is required, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu and enable this function in the Console Password Check

field.

Users who attempt to access the device from the console will then be prompted for the password.

New Administrator

Password:

Retype Password:

New User Password:

Retype Password:

There are two types of login names: root and user. Root is for the system administrator with full read- write privileges, and user is for the common user with read-

only privileges.

Each login name has a password. The default password for the system administrator is root, and for common users it is user. You can change the password by entering the

MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM

menu, and assigning a new password for the administrator in the New Administrator Password field and Retype Password field; and assigning a new password for the common user in the New User Password and Retype Password fields.

Step 3: Press Ctrl- S to save the configuration to the system RAM

Step 4: If you want to keep the configuration permanently, perform the Write

function by entering the MAIN/WRITE menu and then reboot the router. You only need to perform this function before you exit your configuration software, if you will continue to configure your router you can perform the write function later.

4.2 Quick Configuration

This section describes how to configure the basic environment (including the interface setup) for the router via console or Telnet. The router supports two interfaces (LAN and WAN): It can connect to a local area network via the Ethernet interface; and to a wide area network via the SHDSL link interface. The sub-menus of MAIN/QC are also repeated in those of MAIN/CONF. The device can

normally function after the quick configuration is completed. To setup the LAN interface follow the steps below:

4.2.1 LAN Interface

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Operation Mode:

Select bridge [default] or route; see section 6.6 for more details.

Network Type:

This field is used for NAT see section 8.3.1 for details

IP address:

Enter the address of the IP network

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters

4.2.2 ATM Interface

The ATM interface field defines the data encapsulation and protocol characteristics for the connection between two packet switching devices. The router supports PPP

and RFC 1483 routing protocols. For PPP network service, the router supports two authentication protocols: PAP, and CHAP. It can identify the server’s authentication protocol and will auto-adjust itself to the same protocol.

There are thirty-two configurable ATM interfaces (ATM1 to ATM16). The default setting is: ATM1 enabled, with all others disabled. Follow the steps below to setup

an ATM interface:

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/ATM menu

Step 2: Enter one of the ATM interface leaf menus, ATM1 to ATM16, e.g.,

MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1

Step 3: Enter a parameter in each field

Interface:

Enable or disable the ATM interface

Protocol:

Ethernet: RFC1483 Bridge (default), can be selected in router or

bridge mode

The following only operate in router mode: (see section 4.1)

PPP (PPP over ATM) PPPOE (PPP Over Ethernet):

When running either PPP or PPPOE, the user may have to configure

the following:

Configure the IPCP and ISP fields.

n Select the AAL5 encaps

ulation from the ATM VC leaf menu [see

Section 4.2.3].

IPOA (IP Over ATM): RFC 1483 Routing

IPCP: (For

PPP/PPPOE)

Static –

a local IP address is manually assigned during PPP

session establishment.

Dynamic – Your ISP IP server will auto- assi

gn an IP address and

subnet mask to the router. You can enter the MAIN/MON/ATM menu to check which IP/Subnet you are assigned.

ISP: (For PPP/

PPPOE)

Assign this ATM interface to one of the eight ISPs, and then enter the selected ISP menu to assign the required authentication user name and password for PAP and CHAP. For example, if you have selected ISP1 in this field, enter the MAIN/QC/ISP/ISP1 menu to

configure the ISP1 parameters. [Refer to Section 4.2.4 for more details.]

ATM VC:

The virtual ch

annel number corresponds to the ATM interface, e.g.

ATM1 to VC1 or ATM2 to VC2, which is not selectable. The user

may enter the ATM/VC

menu [refer to Section 4.2.3] to configure

the VC parameters.

Operation Mode:

Select bridge [default] or route, see section 6.6 for more details.

Network type:

USED FOR NAT see section 8.3.1 for details

IP address:

Enter the IP address

Subnet mask:

Enter the Subnet mask

Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the new configurations to your system

RAM

4.2.3 ATM Virtu al Channel (VC) Parameters

You may need to define virtual connections (VC) when communicating across an ATM network. There are two types of ATM connections:

n Virtual paths, identified by virtual path identifiers (VPI)

n Virtual circuits, identified by the combination of a VPI and a VCI (virtual

circuit identifier)

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/VC menu

Step 2: Select a Virtual Channel from VC1 to VC16, e.g., MAIN/QC/VC/VC1

Step 3: Enter a parameter in each field.

VPI/VCI:

VPI - The Virtual Path Identifier (

VPI) is part of the cell header

for ATM cells that are transferred over this connection. The

VPI value ranges between 0 and 255.

VCI -

The Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) is part of the cell

header for ATM cells that are transferred over this connectio

If you are configuring multiple VCs, enter the number of each

respective VC in this field. The VCI value ranges between 32

and 65535.

AAL5 Encapsulation

VCMUX - VC based multiplexing encapsulation LLC -

LLC

encapsulation

VC QOS

UBR - Unspecified

Bit Rate. No limit has been specified for the

information rate. CBR -

Constant Bit Rate. This class is used

for emulating circuit switching. The cell rate is constant with

time. CBR applications are very sensitive to cell-

delay variation.

Examples of app

lications that can use CBR are telephone traffic

(i.e., nx64 kbps), videoconferencing, and television. VBR -

Variable Bit Rate. A certain rate is specified for the flow of

information.

Peak Cell Rate

(bps):

The Peak Cell Rate is the maximum number of b

its per second

transmitted over this connection. This is determined by the

minimum intercellular space, in seconds, which is the time

interval from the first bit of one cell to the first bit of the next

cell. The PCR ranges from 30 to 2312 Kbps.

Sustainable Cell Rate (bps):

This field is for VBR only. This is the average rate at which cells

are transmitted over this connection. The rate is counted in bits

per second. Note that the SCR is less than the PCR.

Burst Tolerance (msec):

This field is for VBR

only. This is the maximum number of cells

that are sent at the peak rate.The number of cells is counted in

milli-seconds. The BT ranges between 10 and 200 cells per milli-second.

Note:

MBS (Maximum Burst Size) formula: [1+

PCRSCR

−

] where

[x] stands for the integer part of x. In the formula, BT is

counted in seconds and SCR/ PCR in cells per second.

Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters

4.2.4 ISP Configuration

The ISP (Internet service provider) should be configured when PPP/PPPOE is selected. The router can be connected to up to eight ISPs, each with different

VPI/VCI values. The procedure below shows how to configure the necessary parameters to connect to an ISP. Please note, this function can only be performed when your device is set to router mode [see Section 4.1].

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/ISP menu

Step 2: Select an ISP, e.g., MAIN/QC/ISP/ISP1

Step 3: Enter a parameter in each field:

ISP name:

You can enter your ISP’s name (maximum 19 characters)

User name:

Account user name for logging on to an ISP (maximum 40 characters)

Password:

Account password for logging on to an ISP (maximum 19 characters)

Step 4 Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters.

Step 5 Write the new configurations into the flash memory by selecting WRITE

from the main menu, and then reboot the system.

Note: If any incorrect data is input, the system will respond with an error report.

4.3 SHDSL Characteristics Parameters

In the MAIN/CONF/SHDSL menu, you can set up the system chipset characteristics.

Field Parameter Description

Minimum Base Rate(1-36)

Nx64 Kbps (N=1 -36)

Maximum Base Rate(1-36)

Nx64 Kbps (N=1 -36)

Maximum Sub Rate(0-1)

Ix8K (I=0 or 1)

Minimum Sub Rate(0-1)

Ix8K (M=0 or 1)

You can set a fixed data rate when the

following two conditions are matched: 1.

Maximum subrate is set equal to the

minimum subrate 2. Maximum base rate

is set e

qual to the minimum base rate

The data rate can be auto-

adaptive

according to the line performance with

the following two conditions. The

system will give an alarm message when

you fail to follow. 1. Maximum subrate

exceeds the minimum subrate 2. Minimum

base rate exceeds the

maximum base rate

Power Back Off Enable/Disable It is recommended that user keep the

default setting for this function. For explanation on the power backoff, refer to G.991.2 (G.shdsl)

Remote Enable/Disable Reserved only.

Note 1: Total data rate= Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps.

Note 2:

Total line rate (Payload data rate + Overhead) = Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps+ 8

Kbps.

Note 3: I = 1 is a chipset proprietary setting. The SHDSL devices with different

chipsets may be incompatible when the subrate is set to 1.

Note 4: This version doesn’t support EOC (Embedded Operation Channel) function.

Part II: Advanced Configuration

This section will explain how to configure the advanced parameters of the OPEN 531R.

Chapter 6: Bridging

Chapter 7: IP Routing

Chapter 8: Network/Port Address Translation

n Chapter 9: DNS Proxy

Chapter 10: DHCP

Chapter 11: SNMP

Chapter 5 Bridging

5.1 Overv iew

The OPEN 531R can be set to bridge or router mode. A bridge is a device that links local or remote area networks together. It forwards packets based on a MAC address. A router links networks, it forwards packets based on an IP address. It can be used to separate unwanted traffic, reduce the traffic, or to provide security from unauthorized users.

This chapter describes static bridging configurations. The operator can add or delete a static MAC (Media Access Control) entry, enable the spanning tree or view the bridging parameters.

5.2 Add Static MAC Entry

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STATIC/ADD menu.

Step 2 Enter the MAC address and port map.

Note: Port Map

17 bits are used to specify the operating mode of 17 interfaces

(LAN and ATM1~16) when the MAC address is processed in bridging mode. The leftmost character represents the LAN interface (10000000000000000) and rightmost character represents the ATM16 interface (0000000000000001). There are three operating modes:

n 0: Filtering n 1: Forwarding

2: Dynamic

In dynamic mode, the operating mode of the MAC address in

the interface follows the learning result of the bridging function.

For example, if we configure the port map of the MAC address to

be 100000000000

00000, the MAC address will be forwarded to

the LAN interface and filtered from all ATM interfaces

Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3……… Bit 16 Bit 17 LAN ATM1 ATM2…… ATM15 ATM16

Step 3 Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the new configurations.

5.3 Delete Static MAC Address

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/DELETE menu.

Step 2 Enter the MAC address.

Step 3 Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the MAC address.

5.4 Spanning Tree Protocol

The spanning can be used to avoid errors in data flow. The default setting of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) function of the router is disabled. To enable it, follow these steps.

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STP/BRIDGE menu.

Spanning Tree:

enabled/disabled (default: disabled) Priority (0-65535)

Step 2 Choose Enabled in the Spanning Tree

field. After the spanning tree

is enabled, it can normally function without other adjustments, and

you can proceed to step 5. However,

if you want to specify the

bridge or port priority, perform steps 3 to 5.

Step 3 After choosing Enabled in the Spanning Tree

field, enter a value

between 0 and 65535 in the Priority

field. It is used to define the

bridging root.

Step 4 Go to the

MAIN/CONF/BRIDGING/STP/PORT

menu to configure the

following fields.

n Interface: LAN /ATM1 to 16 (factory default: LAN) n Operation: Enabled/ Disabled (factory default: enabled) n Priority: 128 (ranging from 0 to 255)

Step 5 Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters.

Step 6 Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write

the new configurations into the

flash memory, and then reboot the device.

5.5 Forwarding Table

To list the bridging table where you can find the network status, enter the MAIN/UTIL/BRIDGING menu.

5.6 Configuring transparent bridging

Transparent bridging provides integrated routing and bridging, which enables routing of a protocol between routed interfaces and bridge groups.

This feature can be set to on a LAN interface (see section 4.2.1) or an ATM interface (see section 4.2.2).

Chapter 6 IP Routing

This chapter covers RIP configuration, static routing, and ping test functions.

6.1 RIP Configuration

The IP routing function is disabled by factory default. To enable this function, enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu, and select Router in the Operation Mode field (also

described in Section 4.1). Then configure the RIP (Router Internet Protocol).

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/RIP/GENERIC menu.

Step 2:

There are two fields on the menu. Enter a parameter in each field.

n Mode: Enabled n Auto Summary:

You only need to enable this if you use RIP V2.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the change.

The RIP function is now enabled. The default RIP parameter for each interface

is RIPv2. In this default mode, this router can ope

rate normally without other

adjustments. If you want to configure advanced RIP functions, perform the

procedures that follow.

6.2 Advanced RIP Configuration

These steps are only necessary if you want to disable interfaces, change the authentication, or chan ge the poison reverse.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/RIP/INTERFACE/ATM menu

Step 2: Enter an ATM interface leaf menu (ATM1 to ATM16), e.g., MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/RIP/INTERFACE/ATM/ATM1

Step 3: Enter a parameter in each field

Mode: Select Enabled

Version: RIP version 2 or version 1

Authentication: none: no authentication code is required.

PlainText:

an authentication code is required. You should

also fill in the Authentication Code

field to assign a

password.

MD5: an authent

ication code is required. You should also

fill in the Authentication Code

field to assign a password.

Poison Reverse: Enabled: to enable the Poison Reverse

Disabled: to enable the Splitting Horizon

The default

setting of poison reverse parameter in OPE

N 531R is

Enabled. It means the router adopts the

split horizon with poison

reverse

scheme to avoid routing loop problems. If the

parameter is disabled, the router will use the

simple split

horizon scheme to solve the problem.

Authentication Code:

Enter the password for authentication.

Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to save the change

6.3 Static Route Configuration

This section explains how to add, delete and verify a static route.

6.3.1 Add a static route

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD me nu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field (Note: The default route for the

network/host address and subnet mask is 0.0.0.0.)

Network/Host address:

Enter the network or host address of the destination

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Gateway Address:

Enter the address of the gateway

Metric:

Enter the maximum number of routers (1- 15) the data packets must travel through before reaching their final destination.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters.

6.3.2 Delete a Static Route

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/DELETE menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Network/Host address:

Enter the destination network or host address

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Gateway:

Enter the add ress of gateway

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the static route

6.3.3 Routing Table/ List Static Routes

In order to validate the RIP configuration for each interface, the router provides a utility function to view the routing table located in the MAIN/UTIL/ROUTING menu.

You can view the configuration of static routes at: MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/LIST

6.4 Ping Test Utility

The Ping test is used to verify the status of the network connection after the RIP or static route function is enabled. Ping sends a request message to the host and waits for a return message. This diagnostic function can verify if the remote host is reachable for Telnet or FTP purposes. Ping can also measure the round - trip time to the remote host.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/PING menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Network/Host address:

Enter the destination of the network address or host address

Data Size:

Enter the packet size for ping with a value between 32 and 1500

Times:

Enter the number of times that the ping test will be executed

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to start the ping test.

Step 4: In a few minutes, the test results will be displayed:

n Ping Total: The total number of tests performed n Ping Success: The number of tests successfully performed n Ping Fail: The number of tests that failed n Ping Average Time (ms): The average round- trip time of the test n Ping Last Time (ms): The round- trip time of the last ping test

Chapter 7 Network Address Translation

This Chapter is divided into the following sections:

8.1 Overview of Network Address Translation (NAT)

8.2 Network Address Translation

8.3 Port Address Translation

8.4 Configuration of NAT/PAT

8.5 Applications for NAT/PAT

7.1 Overview

Network Address Translation (NAT) is a transparent routing function that translates a Private IP address on a LAN into a Public address that can be used in a public network (Figure 8- 1). Port Address Translation (PAT ) is a form of NAT that maps multiple Private IP addresses to a single Public IP address. Port numbers (TCP or UDP) ensure that packets are delivered properly. Both Network Address Translation (NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT) are supported by this router. NAT and PAT are common solutions for: overcoming the shortage of public IP addresses, security needs (private IP addresses are not transparent), and assisting network administration.

Figure 7- 1 NAT Translation

Note the usage of synonyms below:

Virtual: private, illegal, unregistered Global: public, legal, registered

7.2 Network Address Translation

Network Address Translation (NAT) is a transparent routing function that translates a Private IP a ddress on a LAN, into a Public address that can be used on a WAN.

Static NAT defines a fixed address translation. A Private IP address is mapped to a Public IP address on a one-to- one basis.

Dynamic NAT maps a Private IP address to a Public IP address, by selecting from a pool of registered IP addresses.

Static NAT is a permanent translation, whereas with dynamic NAT the address mapping remains active only until the privately addressed workstation stops accessing the global network. The global address is then returned to the available pool of addresses.

The operation of NAT mode:

(1). Based on an IP data stream, NAT mode provides the translation of a source IP address in the IP packet coming from the LAN interface to a fixed Public address (Static NAT), or an address from the global pool (Dynamic NAT), and keeps the port number transparent.

(2). The private IP Address is mapped to an address in the global pool. Each address in the Global Pool can only be used for one translation at a time.

If the number of addresses in the private pool is greater than the number in the global pool, the SHDSL Router suspends additional requests for address translation until a translation is terminated, thus freeing up an address in the global pool. This is illustrated in Figure 8- 2, the third address in the private pool is not mapped to an address in the global pool, because only two addresses are available.

(3). An IP address in a global pool will return to be available after an interval of 60 seconds of idle status.

(4). An IP address that is configured in the fixed translation table is only used by the configured private IP address.

The conventions of NAT mode:

(1). The global pool is permitted to overlap the ATM interface IP address. However the number of public addresses restricts the number of simultaneous connections. PAT [Section 8.3] should be used if the number of connections required, will exceed the number of Public Addresses.

(2). The ATM interface IP address presents the management address of the SHDSL Router. This IP address is available for ping, telnet and Web management from the Internet. Others addresses in the global pool are not available.

Figure 7- 2 Router with NAT enabled

7.3 Port Address Translation

PAT, also called overloading is a form of NAT that maps multiple Private IP addresses to a single Public IP address. PAT allows several virtually addressed workstations to

share a single global address. PAT uses the TCP and UDP port numbers to map multiple virtual addresses to a single global address.

Static ports can be defined for global access. For example, TCP port 80 for a Web Server and TCP port 21 for a FTP server can be statically assigned. The PAT default address can be used with, or instead of, static port assignments, and is set to the virtual address of a workstation on the local LAN. If an incoming IP data packet is

received on a WAN port and there is no existing dynamic or static port mapping, the packet will be translated using the PAT default address.

The operation of PAT mode:

(1). Based on the session of an IP data stream, PAT mode provides the translation

of the source IP address in the IP packet coming from the LAN interface, with an address from the global pool, and also translates the port number to a new number (from 50001 to 65535).

(2). If a single ATM interface IP is configured for many- to-one PAT, the SHDSL

Router will automatically enable the PAT function without manually configuring PAT mapping.

(3). A private IP address is mapped to an address in the global pool in a round robin

and re -cycled way.

(4). The IP address that is configured in the fixed translation table is only used by

the configured private IP address.

(5). If PAT server mapping is configured, the SHDSL Router will perform a

one- to-one mapping for all packets with the server’s port. For example, public IP address 171.68.1.1 port 80 is mapped to private address 192.168.0.5 port

80.

The conventions of PAT mode:

(1). The global pool is permit ted to overlap the ATM interface IP address

(2). PPTP pass through is supported

(3). The ATM interface IP address presents the management address of the SHDSL

Router. This IP address is available for ping, telnet and Web management from the Internet. Others addresses in the global pool are unavailable.

Figure 7- 3 Router with PAT enabled

7.3.1 Bi- directional NAT (Two-Way NAT)

Traditional NAT allows hosts within a private network to transparently access hosts in the external network, in a traditional NAT, sessions are uni- directional, outbound

from the private network. With bi-directional NAT, sessions can be initiated from hosts in the public network or

in the private network. A bi-directional NAT server uses a DNS application level gateway to execute translations from name to IP addresses and TCP/UDP mappings, thus allowing inbound and outbound sessions. Note however, that the router cannot be set to allow simultaneous inbound and outbound sessions.

7.3.2 Configuration of bi- directional NAT

The router can only be configured to either outbound (virtual to global) NAT translation or inbound (global to virtual) NAT translation. It cannot perform both translations simultaneously. Traditionally, a router has been set to outbound translation. This section explains how to configure the router for bi- directional NAT.

LAN Configuration

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/LAN menu

Step 2: Enter the parameters below:

Operation Mode:

Select route

Network Type:

Set to Global to enable inbound NAT, set to Virtual

to enable

outbound NAT

IP address:

Enter the address of the IP network

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters

ATM Configuration

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/QC/ATM menu

Step 2: Select a virtual channel to configure (ATM1 -16)

Step 3: Set parameters as below

Operation Mode:

Select route

Interface:

Enable the ATM interface

Network Type:

Set to Global to enable inbound NAT, set to Virtual

to enable

outbound NAT [see section 8.3.1 for details]

Refer to Section 4.2.3 of the OPEN 531R manual for all other parameters.

Step 4: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the new configurations to your system

RAM (if you wish to make the new settings permanent you should write the settings

7.4 Configuration of NAT/PAT

This section covers configuration of the SHDSL Router for NAT/PAT, it may not be necessary to follow the instructions of all the sections below, to understand configuration requirements see Section 8.5 - Applications. The sections are arranged as follows:

Section

8.4.1 Set the router to routing mode

8.4.2 Set up the LAN interface

8.4.3 Set up the ATM interface

8.4.4 Assign private IP addresses pools

8.4.5 Assign the global IP address pools.

8.4.6 Map private IP pools to global IP pools

8.4.7 Assign a fixed IP address

8.4.8 Configure virtual servers

8.4.9 Configure static routes

Note Reserved private IP address range:

n Class A: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 n Class B: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 n Class C: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

7.4.1 Set Routing Mode

To set the SHDSL Router to routing mode complete the following steps:

Step 1 Enter > MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM

Step 2 In the Operation Mode field, select Route

Step 3 Hold dow n the Ctrl-S keys.

7.4.2 Configure the LAN Interface

Step 1 Enter > MAIN/QC/LAN Step 2 In the Operation Mode field, select route Step 3 In the Network Type field, select Virtual only set it to Global

, if you

wish to enable inbound NAT [see Section 8.3.1].

Step 4 Enter the IP Address Step 5 Enter the Subnet Mask Step 6 Hold down the Ctrl- S keys

7.4.3 Configure the ATM interface

The Router has 16 ATM interfaces; each interface can be configured separately. Enter the menu for the interface you wish to use NA T and make sure to enable the interface, (Refer to Section 4.2.3 for all other parameters of the ATM interface):

Step 1 Enter > MAIN/QC/LAN

Step 2 In the Operation Mode field, select route

Step 3 In the Interface Type field, select Enabled

Step 4 In the Network Type field, select Global

for a traditional outbound

NAT, or Virtual for an inbound NAT using bi-

directional NAT [See

Section 8.3.1]

Step 5 Hold down the Ctrl- S keys

7.4.4 Assign Private IP address Pools

This section explains how to configure private IP address pools.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/PRIVATE menu.

Step 2: Enter the following parameters. A maximum of five IP address

pools can be configured.

Pool Number:

Pool 1 to Pool 5

Start IP Address:

Enter the start IP address

End IP Address:

Enter the end IP address

Step 1 To configure the first set of IP addresses, assign it to Pool 1. In the Start IP

Address field, enter 172.16.231.1; and in the end IP Address field, enter

172.16.231.20.

Step 2

Now for the second se t of IP addresses, which will be assigned to pool 2. In the Start IP Address field, enter 172.16.231.100; and in the end IP Address field, enter

172.16.231.200.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys.

7.4.5 Assign Global IP Address Pools

The router allows up to five sets of continuous global IP addresses. The private IP pools will be translated to one of the global IP addresses pools, configure as follows:

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/GLOBAL menu.

Step 2: Enter the following parameters. A maximum of five IP address pools can

be configured.

Pool Number:

Pool 1 to Pool 5

Start IP Address:

Enter the start IP address

End IP Address:

Enter the end IP address

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys.

7.4.6 Pool Mapping

After configuring the private and global addre ss pools, you need to configure the pool mapping.

Add Pool Translation

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/TRANSLATION/ADD menu.

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Private IP Pool :

Press the Tab key to select a private pool number

Global IP Pool:

Press the Tab key to select a global pool number

Translation Type:

Press the Tab key to select a type, NAT or PAT

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys

Delete A NAT Pool Translation

Step 1: Enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/TRANSLATION/DELETE

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Private IP Pool :

Press the Tab key to select a private pool number

Global IP Pool:

Press the Tab key to select a global pool number

Translation Type:

Press the Tab key to select a type: NAT or PAT

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to update the settings

List NAT Pool Translation

To display the NAT Pool Translation, enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/TRANSLATION/LIST

7.4.7 Fixed IP Address Mapping

The Fixed IP address function is used for mapping between a private IP addresses and a fixed Public IP addresses. Each private IP address is mapped to a fixed Public IP address through which the data is received and transmitted.

Add a Fixed IP Address Mapping

Step 1:

Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/ADD menu.

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each fie ld.

n Private IP Address n Public IP Address

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys.

Delete a Fixed IP Address Mapping

Step 1:

Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/DELETE menu.

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field.

n Private IP Address

Public IP Address

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the mapping.

List Fixed IP Mappings

To display the Fixed IP Maps, enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/LIST menu.

7.4.8 Configure Virtual Servers

If you want to set up Internet servers on the virtual LAN when PAT is enabled, you should register the servers with the router first to allow Internet users to access the

service via the WAN interface of router. This section describes how to configure a virtual server.

Add a Virtual Server Entry

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/SERVER/ADD menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Protocol:

TCP or UDP (default: TCP)

Interface:

(default: ANY) If ANY

is selected, any of the interfaces can

access the service. If you want to specify the interface through

which the server prov

ides service, you can select LAN, or ATM1

through to ATM16

Service Name:

This field is used to recognize the service that the virtual server

provides. The operator can define the service name as Web,

E- mail, FTP and so on

Service Port Number:

Related to the service port, i.e. well-

known port of Web server

80, FTP server 21, and SMPT 25

Private IP Address:

To define the private IP address of the virtual server

Private Port Number:

To specify the

actual port of the server in the virtual LAN. This

can be set to the same number as the service port.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters

Delete a Virtual Server Entry

Step 1: Enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/SERVER/DELETE

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field about the virtual server

Protocol:

TCP and UDP (default: TCP)

Interface:

LAN, and ATM1 to ATM16. If the virtual server is located at the

same LAN interface as the router, then select LAN

. If the

virtual server is located in the same SHDSL interface as the

router, select one of the ATM1 to ATM16.

Service Port Number:

Related to the service name. For example, Web with port number 80.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the virtual server

List Virtual Server Entry

To see the virtual server entries, enter the MAIN/CONF/NAT/SERVER/LIST menu.

7.4.9 Configure Static Routes

A static route is a permanent entry in a routing table that takes precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols. To add a static route complete the following steps:

Step 1: Enter MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field. Note: The default route for the

network/host address and subnet mask is 0.0.0.0. (everything is routed).

Network/Host address:

Enter the network or host address of the destination

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Gateway Address:

Enter the address of the gateway

Metric:

Specifies the maximum number of router hops a datagram can traverse before reaching the destination IP address. When determining the best route for a datagram to follow, the IP router analyzes the cost value.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters.

Delete a Static Route

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/DELETE menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

Network/Host address:

Enter the destination network or host address

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Gateway:

Enter the address of gateway

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the static route

Routing Table/ List Static Routes

In order to validate the RIP configuration for each interface, the router provides a utility function to view the routing table located in the MAIN/UTIL/ROUTING menu.

You can view the configuration of static routes at:

MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/LIST

7.5 Applications

This section will explain the following applications for address translations:

8.5.1 Static One-to-One NAT

8.5.2 Dynamic One-to-One NAT

8.5.3 Dynamic Many-to-One PAT

8.5.4 Dynamic Many-to-Many PAT

8.5.5 Virtual Server Mapping

7.5.1 Static One- to-One NAT

STEP 1

Ensure the SHDSL Router is operating in routing mode by entering MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM , and selecting Router in the Operation Mode; selecting CPE in the Terminal Type. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 2

Setup the Lan parameters by entering MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/LAN, set the Network Type to Virtual, and enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 3

Setup ATM Interface 1 from the MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/ATM/ATM1 menu, set the Protocol to IPOA, enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for ATM Interface 1. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 4

Add the first Fixed IP Mapping by entering MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/ADD, enter the

Private IP Address and the Global IP Address. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 5

Add the second Fixed IP Mapping by entering MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/ADD, enter the

Private IP Address and the Global IP Address. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 6

You can check you have set the correct parameters for the mappings by entering

MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/LIST

STEP 7

To add the static route enter MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD, enter values for the Network/Host Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway Address and the Metric [Section 8.4.9]. To save the parameters press ctrl-s. Note that a Network Address

of 0.0.0.0 and a Subnet Mask of 0.0.0.0, corresponds to the default route (everything is routed).

7.5.2 Dynamic One- to-One NAT

STEP 1

STEP 2

Setup the Lan parameters by entering MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/LAN, set the Network Type to Virtual, and enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for the

LAN. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 3

Setup ATM Interface 1 from the MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/ATM/ATM1 menu, set the Protocol to IPOA, enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for ATM Interface 1. To

save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 4

To setup the Virtual IP Address pool enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/PRIVATE, select pool 1 in the Pool Number field, and enter the Start IP Address and the End IP

Address. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 5

Setup the Global IP Address Pool by entering MAIN/CONF/NAT/GLOBAL, select Pool 1 in the Pool Number field, enter the Start IP Address and the End IP Address. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 6

To add a NAT Pool Translation enter MAIN/CONF /NAT/TRANSLATION/ADD, select pool 1 in the Private IP Pool field, select Pool 1 in the Global IP Pool field, and select NAT in the Translation Type field . To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 7

To add the static route enter MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD, enter values for the Network/Host Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway Address and the Metric. A

metric is a standard of measurement, such as path length, that is used by routing algorithms to determine the optimal path to a destination. To save the para meters press ctrl-s.

7.5.3 Dynamic Many-to-One PAT

STEP 1

STEP 2

Setup the Lan parameters by entering MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/LAN, set the Network Type to Virtual, and enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 3

Setup ATM Interface 1 from the MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/ATM/ATM1 menu, set the Protocol to IPOA, enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for ATM Interface 1. To

save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 4

To add the static route enter MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD, enter values for the Network/Host Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway Address and the Metric. A metric is a standard of measurement, such as path length, that is used by routing

algorithms to determine the optimal path to a destination. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

7.5.4 Dynamic Many-to-Many PAT

STEP 1

STEP 2

Setup the Lan parameters by entering MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/LAN, set the Network Type to Virtual, and enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for the LAN. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 3

Setup ATM Interface 1 from the MAIN/CONF/INTERFACE/ATM/ATM1 menu, set the Protocol to IPOA, enter the IP Address and Subnet Mask for ATM Interface 1. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 4

Setup the Virtual IP Address Pool by entering MAIN/CONF/NAT/PRIVATE, select Pool 1 in the Pool Number field, enter the Start IP Address and the End IP Address. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 5

Setup the Global IP Address Pool by entering MAIN/CONF/NAT/GLOBAL, select Pool 1 in the Pool Number field, enter the Start IP Address and the End IP Address.

To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

STEP 6

To add a NAT Pool Translation by enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/TRANSLATION/ADD, select pool 1 in the Private IP Pool field, select Pool 1 in the Global IP Pool field, and select NAT in the Translation Type field. To save the parameters press ctrl -s.

STEP 7

To add the static route enter MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD, enter values for the Network/Host Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway Address and the Metric. A

metric is a standard of measurement, such as path length, that is used by routing algorithms to determine the optimal path to a destination. To save the parameters press ctrl-s.

7.5.5 Virtual Server Mapping

To add a virtual server, enter MAIN/CONF/NAT/SERVER/ADD, enter the parameters in the fields as in the picture below : To save the parameters press ctrl-s. Note that

the Interface should be set to ANY to allow all interfaces to access the server [see section 8.4.8 for details about other settings].

Chapter 8 DNS Proxy

8.1 Overview

A Domain Name Server (DNS) provides an IP address to a host computer for an applied Domain Name. The router supports the DNS proxy feature, which receives and attempts to find an entry in its local tables, and when one is not found, it forwards the request to a remote server.

8.2 Configure DNS Proxy

The default setting for DNS Proxy is disabled. To enable it, follow the procedure below. Note, if the DNS proxy is enabled, the MAIN/MON/ATM menu will display the DNS IP address that you have set here.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/DNS menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field

DNS proxy:

Enabled/ Disabled (factory default: disabled)

Primary Server IP address:

Enter the primary server IP address

Secondary Server IP address:

Enter the secondary server IP address that will be used immediately when the primary server IP address fails or is not available

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to save the parameters

Chapter 9 DHCP

9.1 Overview

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides a centralized approach to assigning IP address. When a workstation is configured for automatic IP address assignment, it broadcasts a request to the LAN. The router acts as the DHCP Server and responds with:

n An IP address and subnet mask for the workstation n The Domain name, which is the same as that in MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM n The IP addresses of the default router and the two DNS servers

9.2 Configure DHCP

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/DHCP/GENERIC menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields

DHCP Server:

Enabled/Disabled (default: Disabled)

DHCP Start IP:

Enter the DHCP server Start IP address

DHCP End IP:

Enter the DHCP server End IP address

Default Gateway:

This is the entry on the LAN where packets are received or transmitted. Enter IP space with end address

Subnet Mask:

Enter the mask of the IP network

Dom

ain Name Server

(1):

Enter the IP address of the primary domain name server. This will be the primary server; it has priority over the secondary server.

Domain Name Server

(2):

Enter the IP address of the secondary domain name server that will be used

when the primary server IP address fails or

is not available.

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys

Chapter 10 SNMP

The router supports SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) management. MIBs of MIB II are implemented. This chapter describes how to set the SNMP community [Section 11.1], and trap destinations [Section 11.2].

10.1 Community

Step 1: Enter MAIN/CONF/SNMP/COMMUNITY menu.

Step 2: Enter a parameter in each field. The default settings for read- only

read-write communities are public and private.

Read-Only Community:

Enter the password for read-only access (default: Public)

Read-Write Community:

Enter the password for read-write access (default: Private)

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys.

10.2 Trap Destinations

Up to five trap destinations are available in the system.

10.3 Add Trap Destination Entry

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP/ADD menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields

Version:

Version 1/Version 2

Destination IP:

Enter the destination IP address

Community:

Enter a parameter for the community

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys

10.3.1 Delete Trap Destination Entry

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP menu

Step 2: Enter the following parameters

Version:

Version 1/Version 2

Destination IP:

Enter the destination IP address

Community:

Enter the parameter for the community

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to delete the trap destination entry.

10.3.2 List Trap Destination Entries

To list the trap destination entries, access the MAIN/CONF/SNMP/TRAP/LIST menu.

Part III: Maintenance and Applications

This section will discuss maintenance of your OPEN 531R including updating software/firmware and restoring default settings. It will also show some of the applications and typical setups for the device. Finally, some solutions will be given to some common areas of difficulty in the troubleshooting section.

Chapter 12: Maintenance

Chapter 13: Applications

Chapter 14: Troubleshooting

Chapter 11 Maintenance

11.1 Load Factory Default Values

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/CONF/DEFAULT menu.

Step 2: You will see the following message:

This will set system parameters to factory default!(Y/N)

Step 3: Press the Y key. The system will proceed to restore the default

configurations.

Step 4: You will see the following message:

Set s

ystem parameters to factory default! Press any key to return

to previous menu ...

Step 5: Press ESC to return to the previous menu.

Step 6: Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write the configurations to the flash

memory.

Step 7: Enter the MAIN/REBOOT menu to reboot the system.

11.2 Software Upgrade

The router utilizes the TFTP protocol to upgrade the router software. Follow the steps below to upgrade the router software.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields

TFTP Server IP Address:

Enter the TFTP Server IP address

File Name:

Enter the file name of the software

TFTP option:

Choose Download

Application Type:

Choose Firmware

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl- S keys to download the software from the TFTP

server.

Step 4: When the download is completed, you will see the following message:

Transfer Completed! Upgrade now?(Y/N). Press the Y key to start upgrading the software with the new file.

Step 5: When the new software is upgraded, you will see the following message:

Upgrade completed! Press any key to continue.

Step 6: Press any key to continue. The software is successfully upgraded.

Step 7: Reboot the system [Refer to section 3.6.2].

11.3 Configuration Backup and Restoration

The router utilizes the TFTP protocol to back up and restore the current configuration parameters. The administrator may save the configuration

parameters as a file and retrieve it later. To do this, you need to set up a TFTP server, which can be LAN- connected or WAN-connected to the router. Then, perform the following steps.

11.3.1 Configuration Backup

The configuration backup function saves the current system parameters as a file. To do this, follow the steps below.

Step 1: Enter the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP menu

Step 2: Enter a para meter in the following fields:

TFTP Server IP Address:

Enter the TFTP Server IP address

File Name:

Enter a file name for the configuration file

TFTP option:

Choose Upload

Application Type:

Choose Configuration

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start uploading the file to the TFTP server.

Step 4: When the upload is completed, you will see the following message:

Configuration Upload Completed! Press any key to continue.

Step 5: Press any key to exit the menu. The configuration is successfully

uploaded.

Step 6: Reboot the system

11.3.2 Configuration Restoration

To retrieve configuration parameters, saved in a previous backup session [see Section 11.3.1] follow the steps below:

Step 1: Start from the MAIN/UTIL/TFTP me nu

Step 2: Enter a parameter in the following fields:

TFTP Server IP Address:

Enter the TFTP Server IP address

File Name:

Enter the file name for the configuration file

TFTP option:

Choose Download

Application Type:

Choose Configuration

Step 3: Hold down the Ctrl-S keys to start downloading the file.

Step 4: When the restoration is completed, the system will display:

Configuration Restoration Completed! Press any key to continue

Step 5: Press any key to exit the menu. The configuration is successfully restored

now.

Step 6: Enter the MAIN/WRITE menu to write the configurations to the flash

memory, and then reboot the system [refer to Section 3.6.2].

11.4 Performance Monitoring

Enter the MAIN/MON menu. You can monitor the following interf ace statuses.

n SHDSL Status Monitor n ATM Interface Monitor n SHDSL Performance Statistics n Interface Performance Statistics

11.4.1 SHDSL Status Monitor

You can view the SHDSL status from the MAIN/MON/STATUS menu. The following information is provided:

n Terminal Type: CO or CPE

n Operate State:

There are five operating modes that represent different states of the session: idle, handshake, PMMS (Power Measurement Modulation Session), training, and data. The PMMS mode does not exit when fixed data rate is set. A correct process to establish the session will go through idle, handshake, PMMS, training, and data. Data state means the session is established.

n Bit Rate(Actual): The current data rate (Nx64 Kbps + Ix8 Kbps , refer to

4.3 SHDSL Characteristics)

n Indicator: The error condition that is detected at the moment.

11.4.2 ATM Interface Monitor

You can find the ATM interface status from the MAIN/MON/ATM menu. In the menu, the statuses of ATM1 to ATM16 are listed.

n Interface (ATM1-ATM16) n IP/Mask address

VPI/VCI

n Encapsulation n PCR or SCR

Protocol

n Status: disable, up (the interface is ready for transmission) or down (the

interface is not ready for transmission)

11.4.3 SHDSL Performance Statistics

You can monitor the SHDSL line performance from the MAIN/MON/SHDSLPERF menu. In the menu, the statistics of the SHDSL line performance are recorded. You can reset the items marked since reset by holding down the Ctrl-T keys.

n Line Attenuation (dB): Current attenuation n Signal- to-Noise Ratio (dB) n CRC (since reset): The cumulative statistics of seconds, since last reset,

when there is a CRC error in the preceding superframe

n ES (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Errored Seconds, since last

reset

n SES (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Severely Errored Seconds,

since last reset

n LOSWS (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Loss of Sync Word

Seconds, since last reset

n UAS (since reset): The cumulative statistics of Unavailable Seconds, since

last reset

n CRC (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of CRC

error seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day

n ES (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of Errored

Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day

n SES (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of Severely

Errored Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day

n LOSWS (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of Loss

of Sync Word Failure, when there is Loss of Signal, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day

n UAS (Current 15 min/Current 1 day): The cumulative statistics of

Unavailable Seconds, for the current 15 minutes or 1 day

For more details of the above error conditions, refer to G.991.2 (G.SHDSL).

11.4.4 Interface Performance Monitor

You can monitor the interface performance statistics of the LAN and ATM1 to ATM16 in the MAIN/MON/INTRPREF menu. You can reset the items marked since reset by holding down the Ctrl-T keys.

n Interface: LAN or ATM interfaces

n TxPkts (since reset): the transmitted packets, since last reset

n RxPkts (since reset): the received packets, since last reset

n Discards (since reset): the received packets that are discarded since

last reset

n RxErrors (since reset): the received errors, since last reset. The errors

may be ATM interface errors (HEC error, ABORT error, Receive Length error, CRC error, Receive Frame Length Violation, Receive nonoctect- aligned frame, Short Frame, CRC error, Overrun, and Collision), Ethernet errors, and Encapsulation errors.

n TxRate (bps): the transmit rate of the interface

n RxRate (bps): the receive rate of the interface

n Status of the interface: disable, up (the interface is ready for

transmission) or down (the interface is not ready for transmission)

11.5 Utilities

This section describes some utilities that can be used to upgrade software, perform tests and view system informa tion.

11.5.1 TFTP Application

This utility can be accessed from MAIN/UTIL/TFTP. It can be used to send or receive firmware, configuration or homepage files, you need to complete the following fields.

TFTP Server IP Address:

Define the TFTP server IP address

File Name:

Specify the filename that you want to send or receive

TFTP option

Download or Upload

Application Type:

Firmware / Configuration / Homepage

11.5.2 Ping Test

Located at MAIN/UTIL/PING this test is used to verify the accessibility of a host or other device by sending it a message and monitoring the response.

Host IP Address

Input the IP address of the device you wish to access

Data Size(bytes)

Enter the data size in bytes that you wish to send

Times Enter how many times you want to send the data

11.5.3 Routing Table Utility

Available at MAIN/UTIL/ROUTING this function displays the routing table of your device. A Routing Table is a table used by a routing device to route traffic to another device in the multiplexer network.

11.5.4 Forwarding Table Utility

Available at MAIN/UTIL/BRIDGING use this function to see the forwarding table of the system. A Forwarding Table is a table used by a bridge to send traffic to

another device in the network.

11.5.5 SHDSL Diagnostic s

SHDSL diagnostics functions can be accessed from the MAIN/UTIL/DIAG menu. There are three main types of tests: Analog Loopback, Digital Loopback, and Spectrum Test.

Loopback:

A diagnostic procedure that sends a test message back to its origination point . It is used to test various portions of a data link in order to isolate an equipment or data line problem.

Analog Loopback Test

A test in which the modem’s transmit VF signal is looped to its receiver.

Digital Loopback Test

This test is a local digital loopback test that connects the device’s receiver output back to the transmitter input. This test disrupts the transmission of primary data.

Spectrum Test

This tests the power of the frequency spectrum. This requires external equipment such as a spectrum analyser or a true RMS voltmeter.

11.5.6 EOC Diagnostics

Available at MAIN/UTIL/EOC this diagnostic allows loopback tests to be conducted over an EOC (embedded operations channel). See the previous section for information about loopback tests and the section that follows for more information about EOC (Virtual Terminal function).

11.5.7 Virtual Terminal

Virtual terminal utilizes An EOC (Embedded Operations Channel) to establish a connection between DSL devices. AN EOC is an out-band channel between DSL devices, used for 4 Kbps management data. Although the connection speed is only 4Kbps, this function is useful to configure critical settings, such as IP addresses; which are preventing a faster connection from being established; or for conducting loopback tests, remotely. Virtual terminal can be accessed from the MAIN/UTIL/VTERM menu.

Example application

AN ISP needs to configure the settings for an end user’s router; however a connection cannot be established to the IP address of the router. To avoid the time

and cost of going to the end -users site, the ISP can use Virtual Terminal, to change the IP address on the end-users router. After the IP address is changed the Virtual Terminal connection can be closed, so that a faster connection can be established, to complete the configuration process.

Chapter 12 Applications

This chapter describes the possible applications of the device and the configuration procedures of these applications.

12.1 Example 1: Point to DSLAM Application

If the device is used for point to DLSAM application, complete the following procedure.

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu and configure the operation mode and

terminal type. In this case, select Router in the Operation Mode field and select CPE in the Terminal Type field. Note that the Operation mode of both devices should be the same.

Step 2 Enter the MAIN/QC/ATM menu and select an ATM interface, and configure the

Interface and Protocol fields. If the interface you want to configure is disabled, you must enable it first from the Interface field. The Protocol field of the OPEN 531R has several options: Ethernet, PPP, IP Over ATM, and PPPoE. When you configure this field, make sure both devices support the same protocol and use the same ATM interface.

Step 3 Enter the

MAIN/QC/VC

menu and select a VC interface. The VC interface you set should be the same as the ATM interface. Set the parameters (Note that these parameters should match the DSLAM settings).

12.2 Example 2: Point to Point Application

If two devices are used for point-to-point application, follow the procedure below to set up both devices.

Step 1 Enter the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM menu and configure the operation mode and

terminal type. In this case, select Router in the Operation Mode field. For the device in Network A, select CPE in the Terminal Type field. For the device in Network B, select CO in the Terminal Type field.

Note 1: The Operation mode of both devices should be the same.

Note 2: The terminal types should be different. When one of the devices is set to

the CPE mode, the other should be set to CO mode.

Step 2 Enter the MAIN/QC/ATM menu and select an ATM interface to configure the

Step 3 Enter the

MAIN/QC/VC

menu and select a VC interface. The VC interface you set should be the same as the ATM interface. Configure the parameters. Note that both devices should use the same VC interface, and the same parameters.

12.3 Example 3: Bridge Mode with PPPoE Configuration

This example describes the practical configuration of the device in bridge mode. The network infrastructure and configuration steps are show below.

Step 1 Go to the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM screen and set the Operation Mode to

Bridge. (The default is Bridge .)

Step 2 Go to the MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 screen. Enable the Interface and set the

Protocol to Ethernet (RFC1483B). (The default is Ethernet.)

Step 3 Go to the MAIN/QC/VC/VC1 and enter a value for the VPI/VCI. (The default

is 0/33.) Depending on different applications, the user can also change other parameters within this screen. (The router has a maximum of 16 virtual ATM interfaces (WAN) and interface ATM 1 is enabled by default.)

Step 4 Run the PPPoE program from the PC.

12.4 Example 4: Router Mode with PPPoE Configuration

This example describes the practical configuration of the router with PPPoE/ PPPoA route mode. The network infrastructure and configuration steps are show below.

Step 1 Go to the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM screen and set the Operation Mode to

Router mode. (The default is Bridge.)

Step 2 Go to the MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 screen. Enable the Interface and set the

Protocol to PPPoE or PPP . (The default is Ethernet.) Set IPCP to Dynamic.

Step 3 Go to the MAIN/QC/VC/VC1 to give a value on the VPI/VCI. (The default is

0/33.) Depending on different applications, the user can also change other parameters within the screen. (The router has maximum of 32 virtual ATM interfaces and interface ATM 1 is enabled by default.)

Step 4 Go to the

MAIN/QC/ISP/ISP1

. Enter the following parameters: ISP name,

Username and Password.

Step 5 Go to the MAIN/QC/LAN. Set the Network Type to Virtual (The default is

Global.), and then enter both IP Address and Subnet Mask. (In this case, the router will enable NAT function automatically.)

Step 6 Initiate the PPPoE program from the ATU- R.

12.5 Example 5: Router Mode with IPoA Configuration

This example describes the practical configuration of the router with IPoA route mode. The network infrastructure and configuration steps are show below. Six IP

addresses are available for LAN. The user can connect the LAN port to a hub for more PC connections.

Step 1 Go to the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM screen and set the Operation Mode to

Router mode. (The default is Bridge.)

Step 2 Go to the MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 screen. Enable the Interface and set the

Protocol to IP over ATM (RFC1483R). (The default is Ethernet.) Set IPCP

to Static. Give the ATM interface a correct IP Address and Subnet Mask. Change other parameters if requ ired.

Step 3 Go to the MAIN/QC/VC/VC1 screen to enter a value for the VPI/VCI. (The

default is 0/33.) Depending on requirements, the user can also change other parameters on the screen. (The router has maximum of 16 virtual ATM

interfaces and interface ATM 1 is enabled by default.)

Step 4 Go to the MAIN/QC/LAN. Set the Network Type to Global (default), and

then enter correct IP Address and Subnet Mask.

Step 5 Go to the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD screen. Set the parameters

shown below for a default route.

12.6 Example 6: NAT and DHCP Configuration

This example describes the practical configuration of the router running the NAT and DHCP functions. The network infrastructure and configuration steps are show below.

After enabling the DHCP function, please set the IP address of the PC to auto- negotiation mode.

Step 1 Go to the MAIN/CONF/SYSTEM screen and set the Operation Mode to

Router mode. (The default is Bridge.)

Step 2 Go to MAIN/QC/LAN. Set the Network Type to Virtual (The default is

Global.), and then assigned a private IP Address and Subnet Mask as PC’s gateway.

Step 3 Go to the MAIN/QC/ATM/ATM1 screen. Enable the Interface and set the

Protocol to IP over ATM (RFC1483R). (The default is Ethernet.) Set IPCP to Static.

Note: The Network interface is always in Global mode no matter what IP is used .

Step 4Go to the MAIN/QC/VC/VC1 to set a value for the VPI/VCI (0/33) for default)

and the VC QoS parameters. Referring to DSLAM, the user can also change other parameters on the screen.

Step 5 Go to the MAIN/CONF/ROUTING/STATIC/ADD. Set the parameters shown

below for a default route.

Step 6 Go to the MAIN/CONF/NAT/FIXED/ADD and enter a specific IP address for

fixed mapping. The user may add more then one mapping entry.

Step 7 Go to the MAIN/CONF/NAT/PRIVATE screen. Select the Pool Number (Pool 1

is the factory default) and set a private IP range (Start IP address and End IP Address) in a private address pool for non- fixed IP mapping.

Open 531R User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual