The NCP1800 is a constant current, constant voltage (CCCV)
lithium ion battery charge controller. The external sense resistor sets
the full charging current, and the termination current is 10% of the full
charge current (0.1 C). The voltage is regulated at ±1% during the
final charge stage. There is virtually zero drain on the battery when the
input power is removed.
Features
• Integrated Voltage and Programmable Current Regulation
• Integrated Cell Conditioning for Deeply Discharged Cell
• Integrated End of Charge Detection
• Better than 1% Voltage Regulation
• Charger Status Output for LED or Host Processor Interface
• Charge Interrupt Input
• Safety Shutoff for Removal of Battery
• Adjustable Charge Current Limit
• Input Over and Under Voltage Lockout
• Micro8 Package
Applications
• Cellular Phones, PDAs
• Handheld Equipment
• Battery Operated Portable Devices
8
PIN CONNECTIONS AND
ISNS
ISEL
COMP/DIS
GND
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Micro8
CASE 846A
DM SUFFIX
1
MARKING DIAGRAM
18
2
3
4
X = A for 41 Device
A = Assembly Location
L = Wafer Lot
Y = Year
W = Work Week
This is one of the inputs to the current regulator and the end-of-charge comparator.
2ISELA resistor from this pin to ground pin sets the full charging current regulation level.
3COMP/DISThis is a multifunctional pin that is used for compensation and can be used to interrupt charge with an
open drain/collector output from a microcontroller. When this pin is pulled to ground, the charge
current is interrupted.
4GNDThis is the ground pin of the IC.
5V
SNS
This is an input that is used to sense battery voltage and is the other input to the current regulator. It
also serves as the input to the battery overvoltage comparator.
6CFLGAn open drain output that indicates the battery charging status.
7V
CC
This is a multifunctional pin that powers the device and senses for over and undervoltage conditions.
8OUTThis is a current source driver for the pass transistor.
OUT Sink CurrentIo20mA
Thermal Resistance, Junction to AirR
Operating Ambient TemperatureT
Operating Junction TemperatureT
Storage TemperatureT
stg
JA
A
J
ATTRIBUTES
CharacteristicValue
ESD Protection
Human Body Model (HBM) per JEDEC standard JESD22-A114
Machine Model (MM) per JEDEC standard JESD22-A114
Moisture Sensitivity, Indefinite Time Out of Drypack (Note 1)Level 1
Transistor Count1015
Latch-up Current Maximum Rating per JEDEC standard JESD78≤ 150 mA
1. For additional information, see Application Note AND8003/D.
Full-Charge Current Reference Voltage Temperature Coefficient
= 6.0 V, 3.0 V V
V
CC
Pre-Charge Current Reference Voltage
V
= 6.0 V, V
CC
3.0 V, R
SNS
Pre- Charge Current Reference Voltage Temperature Coefficient
V
= 6.0 V, V
CC
3.0 V, R
SNS
Pre-Charge Threshold VoltageNCP1800DM41
VCC Under Voltage Lockout VoltageV
Hysteresis of VCC Under Voltage Lockout (V
Hysteresis of VCC Under Voltage Lockout Voltage (V
4.2 V, R
SNS
4.2 V, R
SNS
= 60 K TA = 25°C
ISEL
= 60 K
ISEL
= 25°C for typical values, -20°C < TA < 85 °C for min/max values, unless otherwise noted.)
A
SymbolMinTypMaxUnit
2.5-16V
-140250A
4.0594.14.141V
4.158
4.2
4.242
210240270mV
--0.163-%/°C
13.22434.8mV
--0.180-%/°C
2.78
2.85
2.93
3.0
3.08
3.15
3.433.563.69V
= 60 K TA = 25°C
ISEL
= 60 K
ISEL
), TA = 25°C-90150195mV
UVLO
UVLO
NCP1800DM42
NCP1800DM42
) Temperature
CC
CC
REG
V
FCHG
TCV
FCHG
V
PCHG
TCV
PCHG
V
PCTH
UVLO
--0.261-%/°C
V
Coefficient
End-of-Charge Voltage Reference
V
CC
= 6.0 V, V
4.2 V, R
SNS
= 60 K TA = 25°C
ISEL
End-of-Charge Voltage Reference Temperature Coefficient
V
= 6.0 V, V
CC
4.2 V, R
SNS
ISEL
= 60 K
V
TCV
EOC
EOC
202428mV
--0.160-%/°C
2. See the “External Adaptor Power Supply Voltage Selection” section of the application note to determine the minimum voltage of the charger
power supplies.
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3
NCP1800
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(TA = 25°C for typical values, -20°C < TA < 85 °C for min/max values, unless otherwise noted.)
Characteristic
Charge Disable Threshold Voltage (I
= 100 A min.)V
COMP
VCC Over Voltage LockoutV
Hysteresis of VCC Over Voltage Lockout (V
Hysteresis of VCC Over Voltage Lockout (V
V
Over Voltage LockoutNCP1800DM41
SNS
),TA = 25°C-90150180mV
OVLO
) Temperature Coefficient--0.39-%/°C
OVLO
NCP1800DM42
Hysteresis of V
Hysteresis of V
= 25°C
T
A
Full Charge Current Range with R
Full Charge Current Range with R
Battery Drain Current (V
V
= Ground, V
CC
CFLG Pin Output Low Voltage (CFLG = LOW, I
Over Voltage Lockout (V
SNS
Over Voltage Lockout (V
SNS
SNS
SNS
+ I
SNS
SNS
= 4.2 V
SNS
), TA = 25°C-4070100mV
SOVLO
) Temperature Coefficient
SOVLO
= 0.4 I
= 0.8 I
)
= 5.0 mA)V
CFLG
CFLG Pin Leakage Current (CFLG = HIGH)I
SymbolMinTypMaxUnit
CDIS
OVLO
V
SOVLO
REG1
REG2
I
BDRN
CFLGL
CFLGH
--0.08V
6.957.207.45V
4.3
4.4
4.4
4.5
4.5
4.6
V
--0.52-%/°C
600-1000mA
300-600mA
--0.5A
--0.35V
--0.1A
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4
NCP1800
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
, PRE-CHARGE THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)
VCC, INPUT SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
PCTH
V
Figure 3. Pre-Charge Threshold Voltage versus
Input Supply Voltage
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
VCC = 5 V
= 60 k
R
ISEL
R
= 0.4
SNS
8
6
, PRE-CHARGE REFERENCE
4
PCHG
2
V
0
CURRENT THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (mV)
V
, BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
SNS
Figure 5. Pre-Charge Current Reference
Voltage versus Battery Voltage
24.75
24.70
V
= 2.5 V
24.65
24.60
R
R
SNS
ISEL
SNS
= 60 k
= 0.4
24.55
24.50
24.45
24.40
, PRE-CHARGE CURRENT
24.35
24.30
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (mV)
PCHG
V
24.25
24.20
6.56.5
765.554.543.5
VCC, INPUT SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 4. Pre-Charge Current Reference Voltage
versus Input Supply Voltage
0.243
VCC = 5 V
R
0.2425
0.242
0.2415
0.241
0.2405
0.24
2.92.52.11.71.30.90.5
, FULL-CHARGE CURRENT REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 6. Full-Charge Current Reference Voltage
FCHG
V
= 60 k
ISEL
= 0.4
R
SNS
V
, BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
SNS
versus Battery Voltage
765.554.543.5
4.24.03.83.63.43.2
0.2415
0.241
0.2405
0.24
0.2395
0.239
0.2385
, CHARGE CURRENT REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
FCHG
V
V
= 3.6 V
SNS
R
= 60 k
ISEL
= 0.4
R
SNS
VCC, INPUT SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 7. Full-Charge Current Reference
Voltage versus Input Supply Voltage
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76.565.554.5
5
24.5
24.4
24.3
24.2
24.1
24
23.9
23.8
, END OF CHARGE REFERENCE VOLTAGE (mV)
EOC
V
R
= 60 k
ISEL
R
= 0.4
SNS
VCC, INPUT SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 8. End of Charge Reference Voltage
versus Input Supply Voltage
76.565.554.5
NCP1800
0.48
0.44
VCC = 0
0.40
0.36
0.32
0.28
, BATTERY DRAIN CURRENT (A)
0.24
BDRN
0.2
I
3.13.9
, BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
V
SNS
Figure 9. Battery Drain Current versus
Battery Voltage
1000
MEASURED
CALCULATED
I
, FULL-CHARGE CURRENT (mA)
REG
I
REG
, CURRENT PROGRAMMING RESISTANCE (k)
R
ISEL
(1.19 12e3)
(R
ISEL
R
SNS
Figure 11. Full-Charge Current versus
Current Programming Resistor
1000
VCC = 5 V
= 2.5 V
V
SNS
= 0.4
R
SNS
100
CALCULATED
10
, PRE-CHARGE CURRENT (mA)
I
PCHG
I
PCHG
(10 R
1
4.13.73.53.32.92.72.5
, CURRENT PROGRAMMING RESISTANCE (k)
Pre-Charge, Full-Charge and Final ChargeHigh-Z
End-of-Charge, Trickle Charge and FaultsLow
Trickle Charge
Phase
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9
NCP1800
Operation Descriptions
The NCP1800 is a linear lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
charge controller and provides the necessary control
functions for charging Li-ion batteries precisely and safely.
It features the constant current and constant voltage method
(CCCV) of charging.
Conditioning and Pre-charge Phase
The NCP1800 initiates a charging cycle upon toggling the
COMP/DIS to LOW or application of the valid external
power source (i.e. V
VCC V
UVLO
OVLO
) with the
Li-ion battery present or when the Li-ion battery is inserted.
Before a charge cycle can begin, the battery conditions are
verified to be within safe limits. The battery will not be
charged when its voltage is less than 0.9 V or higher than
V
SOVLO
.
Li-ion batteries can be easily damaged when fast charged
from a completely discharged state. Also, a fully discharged
Li-ion battery may indicate an abnormal battery condition.
With the built-in safety features of the NCP1800, the Li-ion
battery pre-charges (Pre-Charge Phase) at 10% of the full
rated charging current (I
lower than V
and the CFLG pin is HIGH. T ypically, the
PCTH
battery voltage reaches V
) when the battery voltage is
REG
in a few minutes and then the
PCTH
Full Charge phase begins.
Full Charge (Current Regulation) Phase
When the battery voltage reaches V
, the NCP1800
PCTH
begins fast charging the battery with full rate charging
current I
at the I
sense resistor, R
at I
REG
. The NCP1800 monitors the charging current
REG
input pin by the voltage drop across a current
SNS
, and the charging current is maintained
SNS
by the pass transistor throughout the full charge
phase.
I
is determined by R
REG
SNS
and R
with the following
ISEL
formula:
(1.19 12 k)
(R
ISEL
R
= 0.4 , I
SNS
SNS)
REG
= 0.6 A.
And with R
I
REG
= 60 k and R
ISEL
Since the external P channel MOSFET is used to regulate
the current to charge the battery and operates in linear mode
as a linear regulator, power is dissipated in the pass
transistor. Designing with a very well regulated external
adaptor (e.g. 5.1 V ±1%) can help to minimize the heat
dissipation in the pass transistor. Care must be taken in heat
sink designing in enclosed environments such as inside the
battery operated portables or cellular phones.
The Full Charge phase continues until the battery voltage
reaches V
V
thresholds of 4.1 and 4.2 V.
REG
Final Charge (Voltage Regulation) Phase
Once the battery voltage reaches V
. The NCP1800 comes in two options with
REG
, the pass transistor
REG
is controlled to regulate the voltage across the battery and the
Final Charge phase (constant voltage mode) begins. Once
the charger is in the Final Charge phase, the charger
maintains a regulated voltage and the charging current will
begin to decrease and is dependent on the state of the charge
of the battery. As the battery approaches a fully charged
condition, the charge current falls to a very low value.
Trickle Charge Phase
During the Final Charge phase, the charging current
continues to decrease and the NCP1800 monitors the
charging current through the current sense resistor R
When the charging current decreases to such a level that I
< 0.1 X I
, the CFLG pin is set to LOW and the Trickle
REG
SNS
SNS
Charge phase begins. The charger stays in the Trickle
Charge phase until any fault modes are detected or the
COMP/DIS pin is pulled low to start over the charging cycle.
.
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10
NCP1800
Vin = 5.2 V
NTHD4P02FT1
R
SNS
2.0
120 mA
OUT VCCCFLG V
SNS
NCP1800
COMP/
DIS
R
15
GND
COMP
C
COMP
C
out
10
Li-ion
GND
C
in
10 n
I
SNSISEL
R
ISEL
60 k
560 n
Figure 17. Typical Application Circuit for Lower Capacity Batteries (120 mAh shown here)
V
in
NTGS3441T1 & MBRM130L
= 5.2 V
-OR-
NTHD4P02FT1
R
SNS
0.4
OUT VCCCFLG V
SNS
NCP1800
600 mA
COMP/
DIS
R
15
GND
COMP
C
COMP
C
out
10
Li-ion
GND
C
in
10 n
I
SNSISEL
R
ISEL
60 k
560 n
Figure 18. Typical Application Circuit for Higher Capacity Batteries (600 mAh shown here)
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11
NCP1800
S
(
Selecting External Components
External Adaptor Power Supply Voltage Selection
Since the NCP1800 is using a linear, charging algorithm,
the efficiency is lower. Adapter voltage selection must be
done carefully in order to minimize the heat dissipation. In
general, the power supply input voltage should be around
5.0 to 6.0 V. The minimum input voltage should be chosen
to minimize the heat dissipation in the system. Excessively
high input voltages can cause too much heat dissipation and
will complicate the thermal design in applications like
cellular phones. With the overvoltage protection feature of
the NCP1800, input voltages higher than 7.0 V will activate
the overvoltage protection circuit and disconnect the power
supply input to the battery and other circuitry.
For the application shown in Figure 18 (assuming
NTGS3441 and MBRM130L):
V
Li- ion regulated voltage,
IN(min)
V
(0.6 A)(R
REG
VFof Schottky Diode voltage drop of R
4.2 V (0.6 A) (100 m) 0.38 V
0.6 A)(0.4 ) 4.88 V 4.9 V
DS(ON)
)
SN
Therefore, for the application shown in Figure 17
(assuming NTHD4P01FT1):
V
Li- ion regulated voltage
IN(min)
4.2 V (0.12 A)(130m) 0.43
(0.12 A)(2.0 ) 4.89 V 4.9 V
If the output voltage accuracy is 5%, then a typ. 5.2 V
5% output voltage adaptor must be used.
And for a very good regulated adaptor of accuracy 1%, 5.0
V ±1% output voltage adaptor can then be used. It is obvious
that if tighter tolerance adaptors are used, heat dissipation
can be minimized by using lower nominal voltage adaptors.
Pass Element Selection
The type and size of the pass transistor is determined by
input-output differential voltage, charging current, current
sense resistor and the type of blocking diode used.
The selected pass element must satisfy the following
criteria:
Drop across pass element =
V
IN(min)
Li- ion regulated voltage VF I
REG
R
SNS
With:
V
IN(min)
V
REG
I
R
REG
SNS
5.0 V
4.2 V
0.6 A
0.4
Dropout across pass element =
5.0 V 4.2 V 0.38 V (0.6 A) (0.4 ) 0.18 V
Maximum R
should be less than (0.18 V)/(0.6 A) =
DS(on)
0.3 at 0.6 A.
V
IN(min)
V
REG
I
R
REG
SNS
5.0 V
4.2 V
0.12 A
2.0
Dropout across pass element = 5.0 V - 4.2 V - 0.43 V -
(0.12)(2.0 V
Therefore, maximum R
should be less than
DS(on)
(0.13 V)/(0.12 A) = 1.08 at 0.12 A.
External Output Capacitor
Any good quality output filter can be used, independent of
the capacitor’s minimum ESR. However, a 10 F tantalum
capacitor or electrolytic capacitor is recommended at the
output to suppress fast ramping spikes at the V
input and
SNS
to ensure stability for 1.0 A at full range. The capacitor
should be mounted with the shortest possible lead or track
length to the VSNS and GND pins.
Current Sense Resistor
The charging current can be set by the value of the current
sense resistor as in the previous formula. Proper de-rating
is advised when selecting the power dissipation rating of the
resistor. If necessary, R
selection of the R
SNS
can also be changed for proper
ISEL
values. T ake note of the recommended
full-charge current ranges specified in the electrical
characteristics section. Also notice the effect of RISEL on
the accuracy of pre-charge current and end-of-charge
detection as noted in Figures 10 and 12, respectively.
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12
NCP1800
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
Micro8
DM SUFFIX
CASE 846A-02
ISSUE F
SEATING
PLANE
-T-
0.038 (0.0015)
PIN 1 ID
-A-
K
G
-B-
8 PL
D
0.08 (0.003)A
M
T
S
B
S
C
H
J
L
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. DIMENSION A DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH,
PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH,
PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT
EXCEED 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE.
4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD
FLASH OR PROTRUSION. INTERLEAD FLASH OR
PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 (0.010)
PER SIDE.
ChipFET is a trademark of Vishay Siliconix.
FETKY and Micro8 are trademarks of International Rectifier Corporation.
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make
changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any
particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all
liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or
specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be
validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications
intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death
may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.
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