Onan P218V, P220V Owner's Manual

-%$&2

-49589749 /4964:

-%%#2

.534621 34 0#/#, +('7$%*$

)7+)

Emissions Supplement:

900-1

021

Date:

07-2000

Insert

with-

Manual Number & Date:

See

Table

1

Models:

See

Table

1

965-0176
981-0153

Purpose:

This supplement for the Operator's

Manuals specified in Table

1

clarifies how com­pliance with engine emissions regulations, includ­ing

U.

S.

EPA Phase 2 and California Air Re­sources Board regulations for Model Year 2000
onwards, is presented on genset and engine
nameplates (Figures

1

and 2). This sheet is to be
bound in the genset or engine manual behind the
front cover and in front of earlier Supplements, if
any.

7/97

1

BGE / NHE

7/97

I

KV

TABLE

1.

MANUALS AFFECTED

BY

SUPPLEMENT

Manual

No.

I

Date

1

Genset Models

965-0138

I

5/97

I

BGM / NHM

I

965-0175

I

7/97

1

BGD I NHD

I

I

981-0158

I

6/99

I

KVC

I

981-0159

I

5/00

I

KY

981-0160

I

7/99

I

MKY

I

983-0101

1

5/00

I

HGJAAIHGJABIHGJAC

1

For engines of less than 225 cc displacement,
Category C

=

125 hrs, B = 250 hrs, A

=

500

hrs.

For engines

of

225 cc and greater displacement,

Category C

=

250 hrs, B

=

500

hrs, A = 1000

hrs.

r

IMPORTANT ENGINE INFORMATION

CURRMlNS

POWER

GENERATlOM

1400

73rd

Avo. NE

Minneapolis,

MN

55432

Made

in

USA

Modd

No:

PH

kVA:

kW:

pf:

RPM

Ha

Bat:

wring

DiagME

InsuIatbn

-

NEMA

Qan

F

Ambiant

40°C

flhe engine family designation, engine displacement, statement

of

compliance with the applicable

EPA

and/or California emissions
regulations, including the compliance period or category; appear in
this block on the actual nameplate on the genset.]

Manual

No. I Date

I

Engine Models

965-0163

I

10/95 I Miller P216 / P218 / P220 I P224

FIGURE

I.

TYPICAL GENSET NAMEPLATE

965-0174 I 10/97

I

E124V Floorcare

965-0178

I

7/97

I

E125V/ E140V

I

965-0179 I 7/97

I

E125H I E140H

I

965-0180

I

7/97

I

P218V I P220V

965-0182B

1

-

I

P216 / P218 / P220 I P224

I

965-0183

I

-

I

P248V Floorcare

I

Nameplate Information:

See the Operator's

Manual for the location of the actual nameplate on

the genset or engine. Figures

1

and 2 illustrate

where the information regarding compliance with

U.

S.

EPA and California Air Resources Board
regulations on the nameplate. The appropriate
figure in this supplement supercedes the nameplate
illustration in Figure 1 in the genset or engine
manual in which the supplement is bound.

Federal Emissions Compliance Period:

The

Federal Emissions Compliance Period referred

to

on the nameplate indicates the number of operating
hours for which the engine has been shown to meet
Federal emissions requirements.

f

IMPQRTAMT

ENGINE

INFORMATION

)

ONAN CORPORATION

1400

73rd

Ave.

NE

Minneapolis,

MN

55432

Made in Canada

Engine

Model:

SIN:

rhe

engine family designation, engine displace-

ment, statement of compliance with the applicable

EPA

and / or California emissions regulations, in-

cluding

the

compliance period

or

category; appear in

this

block on the actual nameplate on the engine.]

FIGURE

2.

TYPICAL ENGINE NAMEPLATE

Page

1

of

1

Safety Precautions

Before operating the engine, read this manual and become

familiar with it and the equipment. Safe and efficient
operation can be achieved only if the equipment is
properly operated and maintained.

The following symbols, found throughout this manual, alert you
to potentially dangerous conditions to the operator, service per-
sonnel, or the equipment.

This symbol warns of immediate hazards

which will result in severe personal injury or death.

3'.+*+)

practice which can result in severe personal injury or
death.

('10*,+

practice which can result in personal injury or product or
property damage.

Fuels, electrical equipment, batteries, exhaust gases and
moving parts present potential hazards that can result in severe
personal injury. Ta ke care in following these recommended
procedures. All local, state and federal codes should be
consulted and complied with.

3'.+*+)

use in any type of aircraft. Use of this engine in aircraft can
result in engine failure and cause severe personal injury or
death.

GENERAL

This symbol refers to a hazard or unsafe

This symbol refers to a hazard or unsafe

This engine is not designed or intended for

• Provide appropriate fire extinguishers and install them in

convenient locations. Use an extinguisher rated ABC by
NFPA.

• Make sure that all fasteners on the engine are secure and

accurately torqued. Keep guards in position over fans,
driving belts, etc.

• If it is necessary to make adjustments while the engine is

running, use extreme caution when close to hot exhausts,
moving parts, etc.

• Used engine oils have been identified by some state and

federal agencies as causing cancer or reproductive
toxicity. When checking or changing engine oil, take care
not to ingest, breathe the fumes, or contact used oil.

• Do not work on this equipment when mentally or

physically fatigued, or after consuming any alcohol or
drug that makes the operation of equipment unsafe.

BATTERIES

• Before starting work on the engine, disconnect batteries

to prevent inadvertent starting of the engine. Disconnect
negative (–) cable first.

• DO NOT SMOKE while servicing batteries. Lead acid bat-

teries give off a highly explosive hydrogen gas which can
be ignited by flame, electrical arcing or by smoking.

• Verify battery polarity before connecting battery cables.

Connect negative (–) cable last.

PROTECT AGAINST MOVING PARTS

• Do not wear loose clothing in the vicinity of moving parts,

such as PTO shafts, flywheels, blowers, couplings, fans,
belts, etc.

• Keep your hands away from moving parts.

FUEL SYSTEM

• DO NOT fill fuel tanks while engine is running.

• DO NOT smoke or use an open flame in the vicinity of the

engine or fuel tank. Internal combustion engine fuels are
highly flammable.

• Fuel line must be of steel piping, adequately secured, and

free from leaks. Piping at the engine should be approved
flexible line. Do not use copper piping for flexible lines as

copper will work harden and become brittle enough to
break.

• Be sure all fuel supplies have a positive shutoff valve.

• Benzene and lead, found in some gasoline, have been

identified by some state and federal agencies as causing
cancer or reproductive toxicity. When checking, draining

or adding gasoline, take care not to ingest, breathe the
fumes, or contact gasoline.

EXHAUST SYSTEM

• Exhaust products of any internal combustion engine are

toxic and can cause injury, or death if inhaled. When
operating the engine in a confined area, make sure the
ventilation system is operating properly.

• DO NOT use exhaust gases to heat a compartment.

• Make sure that your exhaust system is free of leaks. Make

sure that exhaust manifolds are secure and are not
warped by bolts unevenly torqued.

EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY!

Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas that
can cause unconsciousness and death. It is an odorless and
colorless gas formed during combustion of hydrocarbon fuels.
Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are:

• Dizziness • Vomiting

• Headache • Muscular Twitching

• Weakness and Sleepiness • Throbbing in Temples

If you experience any of these symptoms, get out into fresh air
immediately, shut down the unit and do not use it until it has

been inspected.
The best protection against carbon monoxide inhalation is

proper installation and regular, frequent inspections of the
complete exhaust system. If you notice a change in the sound
or appearance of exhaust system, shut the unit down immedi­ately and have it inspected and repaired at once by a competent
mechanic.

KEEP THE UNIT AND SURROUNDING AREA CLEAN

• Make sure that oily rags are not left on or near the engine.

• Remove all unnecessary grease and oil from the unit.

Accumulated grease and oil can cause overheating and
subsequent engine damage and present a potential fire
hazard.

Table of Contents

Title Page

Safety PrecautionsInside Front Cover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operation 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Periodic Maintenance8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adjustments 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Troubleshooting 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifications16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Important Information for California Engine Users 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WARNING

Improper service or replacement of parts

can result in severe personal injury and equipment

damage. service personnel must be qualified to perform
electrical and/or mechanical service.

CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65 WARNING

Engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals
known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth
defects, and other reproductive harm .

1

Introduction

ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual covers the operation and maintenance
of the vertical-shaft Performer Series of engines.

Each operator of the power equipment should study
this engine manual carefully and observe all of its

instructions and precautions. Proper use and peri­odic maintenance are responsibilities of the opera-
tor(s) and are essential for top performance.

MODEL IDENTIFICATION

P220V–I/11264F

L951234567

Whenever contacting an Onan dealer or distributor

for information, parts or service, always provide the
model number and the serial number marked on the
nameplate of the engine. Figure 1 illustrates a typi-

cal engine nameplate and Figure 2 the location of
the nameplate on the engine.

Genuine Onan replacement parts obtained from an
Onan dealer or distributor are recommended.

THIS ENGINE MEETS U.S. EPA PH1 AND 1995-1998
CALIFORNIA EMISSIONS REGULATIONS FOR
ULGE ENGINES.

782SN5782U1G2RA

FIGURE 1. TYPICAL ENGINE NAMEPLATE

2

FUEL PUMP

OIL FILL CAP

OIL FILTER

BATTERY

CHARGING

VOLTAGE

REGULATOR

ELECTRIC

STARTER

FLYWHEEL AIR
INLET SCREEN

THROTTLE

CABLE CLAMP

NAMEPLATE

LOCATION

SPARK PLUG

FUEL FILTER

AIR FILTER

HOUSING

SPARK PLUG

OIL DRAIN

CRANKSHAFT

FIGURE 2. TYPICAL ENGINE CONFIGURATION

3

FUEL RECOMMENDATIONS

Use clean, fresh unleaded gasoline having a mini­mum octane rating (Anti-Knock Index) of 87.

During some times of the year only mandated “oxy-
genated” gasolines may be available. These are
acceptable for use, but not preferable. Leaded gas­oline may be used but will result in the extra mainte­nance required for removing combustion chamber
and spark plug deposits. Do not use gasoline or
gasoline additives (de-icers) containing methanol

because methanol can be corrosive to fuel system
components.

('10*,+

ditives containing methanol because methanol
can be corrosive to fuel system components.

Avoid using highly leaded gasolines and lead
additives because of the extra engine mainte-
nance that will be required.

3'.+*+)

can cause severe personal injury or death. Do
not smoke if you smell gasoline or are near fuel

tanks or gasoline-burning equipment or are in
an area sharing ventilation with such equip-
ment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electri­cal arcs and arc-producing equipment and all
other sources of ignition well away.

Do not use gasoline or gasoline ad-

Gasoline is highly flammable and

TABLE 1. OIL VISCOSITY VS. TEMPERATURE

EXPECTED AMBIENT

TEMPERATURES

32° F (0 ° C) and higher 30

10 ° F to 100° F (–12 ° C to 38 ° C)

0 ° F to 80 ° F (–18° C to 27° C)

–20° F to 50 ° F (–28 ° C to 10 ° C) 5W-30

SAE

VISCOSITY

GRADE

15W-40

(OnaMax)

10W-30
10W-40

STARTING BATTERIES

The engine is equipped with a 12 volt electric start­er. Prompt starting requires sufficient battery ca-
pacity and battery cable size. Neither cranking per-
formance nor starter service life will be satisfactory

with an undersized battery.
Regular, monthly maintenance of batteries may be

required. See Periodic Maintenance and any
instructions available from the equipment or battery
manufacturer. It should be noted that as long as the
equipment is operated regularly, the automatic bat-

tery recharging system on the engine should be
able to maintain battery charge. See OUT-OF-
SERVICE PROTECTION under Operation regard-

ing battery care during storage for prolonged peri­ods.

EXHAUST SYSTEM

ENGINE OIL RECOMMENDATIONS

Use premium quality motor oil. Look for the API
(American Petroleum Institute) classification and

use Class SG or SH oil (also SG/CD, SG/CE, SH/
CD or SH/CE). Also look for the SAE (Society of Au-
tomotive Engineers) viscosity grade. Referring to
Table 1, choose the viscosity grade appropriate for

the ambient temperatures expected during the peri-
od of time until the next scheduled oil change.

Single-grade SAE 30 oil is preferable when temper-
atures are consistently above freezing. Multigrade
oils are better when wide temperature variations
are expected.

4

EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY! Mobile engine-pow­ered equipment must never be operated inside
buildings or other enclosed spaces without ample
fresh air ventilation.

Stationary engine-powered equipment installed in-
side buildings or other enclosed spaces must be
equipped with a leak-free exhaust system that car-
ries all exhaust gases to the outside, well away from
all windows, doors, vents and other openings into
the building or enclosure.

It is the responsibility of the equipment operator(s)
to check for exhaust leaks on a daily basis and to
have all leaks repaired before continuing to operate
the equipment.

Operation

EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY!

Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, an odorless and colorless gas. Carbon monoxide is poi-
sonous and can cause unconsciousness and death. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning in-
clude:

• Dizziness • Throbbing in Temples

• Nausea • Muscular Twitching

• Headache • Vomiting

• Weakness and Sleepiness • Inability to Think Coherently

IF YOU OR ANYONE ELSE EXPERIENCE ANY OF THESE SYMPTOMS, GET OUT INTO THE FRESH
AIR IMMEDIATELY. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention. Shut down the engine and do not
operate it until it has been inspected and repaired.

Make certain the exhaust system is properly installed. Inspect it every time the engine is started
and after every eight hours of continuous operation.

PRE-START CHECKS

Before the first start of the day and after every eight
hours of operation perform the maintenance
instructed in DAILY (8 HOUR) MAINTENANCE un-
der Periodic Maintenance . Keep a log of mainte­nance and the hours run and perform any mainte­nance that may be due. Also, if the equipment has
been in storage, return the engine to service as
instructed under RETURNING THE ENGINE TO

SERVICE in this section.

Always follow the equipment manufacturer’s oper-
ating instructions and observe all precautions when
operating power equipment.

3'.+*+)

personal injury or death. Hot exhaust parts can
cause severe burns. Stay clear of hot or moving

parts. Make sure all protective shields and
guards are secure in place before starting up
the equipment.

Moving parts can cause severe

STARTING

1. Check the oil level if this is the first start of the
day and add oil as necessary.

('10*,+

will cause severe engine damage. Always
keep the engine oil level between the Full

and Add marks on the dipstick.

Starting the engine without oil

2.Fill the fuel tank, if necessary, and open any fuel
line shutoff valve.

3.Release the clutch if the engine is so equipped.

4. Unless the engine is equipped with an automat-
ic choke, pull the choke knob out to its full-choke
position. On equipment with a solenoid oper-

ated choke, push the switch to its choke posi-
tion.

Note: Try starting without the choke in warm
weather or when the engine is warm.

5. Push the throttle knob or lever to the middle of
its speed range.

6.Turn the ignition-start switch to its start position
and hold it there until the engine starts. Do not
crank for more than 30 seconds at a time and
wait at least one minute between tries when
cranking. See Troubleshooting if the engine

does not start after several tries.

7.After the engine starts, unless it is equipped
with an automatic choke, keep your hand on the

choke knob and slowly push it in to the full-open
choke position, pulling back if necessary to

keep the engine running smoothly. The colder
the weather the longer it will take the engine to
start running smoothly with the choke fully

open. Do not operate the equipment until the
engine has warmed up sufficiently to run
smoothly with the choke fully open.

5

ENGINE BREAK-IN

OPERATION IN HOT WEATHER

Engine break-in as a result of proper care during the
first hours of operation of a new or rebuilt engine re­sults in the ideal fitting of all internal moving metal
parts, which is essential for top engine perfor-
mance. For controlled engine break-in:

1. Operate the equipment as it is intended to be
operated. However, for the first 3 hours, if pos-

sible, operate the equipment at about half the
available engine power, occasionally operating
at full engine power for brief periods. Also, if

possible, avoid prolonged low-speed, low­power operation during engine break-in.

2.Proper engine oil is especially critical during
break-in because of the higher engine temper-
atures that can be expected. See REC­OMMENDED ENGINE OIL in Introduction.
Change the oil if it is not appropriate for the am-
bient temperatures during the break-in period.
See Ta ble 1.

3.Check the oil level twice a day or after every 4
hours of operation during the first 24 hours of
operation.

4. Change the oil and oil filter after the first 24
hours of operation.

OPERATION IN DUSTY CONDITIONS

1. Keep the engine cooling fins and flywheel air
inlet screen clean.

2.Perform air cleaner maintenance more often
than normal—as required. See Table 2.

3.Change the engine oil and oil filter more often
than normal. See Table 2.

Pay particular attention to the following items when
operating the engine in temperatures above 100° F
(38 °C):

1. Keep the flywheel air inlet screen and cylinder

cooling fins clean. See to it that nothing ob-
structs air flow to and from the engine.

2.Check the oil level more frequently.

3.Change the oil and oil filter more often than nor-

mal. See Table 2.

4. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is appropri-

ate for the ambient temperatures and change
the oil if necessary. See Table 1.

OPERATION IN COLD WEATHER

Pay particular attention to the following items when
operating the engine in temperatures below freez­ing:

1. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is appropri-

ate for the ambient temperatures and change
the oil if necessary. See Table 1. If the tempera-
ture drops before you have the chance to
change the oil, warm up the engine by moving
the equipment into a heated space before at­tempting to start the engine or change oil.

3'.+*+)

Never operate mobile engine-powered
equipment indoors without ample fresh air
ventilation.

2.Use fresh fuel and fill the fuel tank after each
day’s use to reduce problems with moisture

condensation.

3.Keep the battery in a well-charged condition.

4. After each use push the equipment throttle
knob or lever to the middle of its speed range so

that if ice forms on the linkage during storage it
will be easier to start the engine.

EXHAUST GAS IS DEADLY!

6

OUT-OF-SERVICE PROTECTION

Protect an engine that will be out of service for more
than 30 days as follows:

1. Run the engine until it reaches normal operat-
ing temperature, shut off the fuel supply and let
the engine run until it stops. Also, if the equip-
ment will not be operated for more than 120
days, add a fuel preservative (OnaFreshTM) to
the equipment fuel tank. Follow the instructions
on the container label. Unless a preservative
(stabilizer) is added, the gasoline will deterio-

rate causing fuel system corrosion, gum forma-
tion and varnish-like deposits which can lead to
hard starting and rough operation.

3'.+*+)

lizers) are toxic. Follow the instructions on
the container label. Avoid skin contact.

Wash your hands with soap and water after
dispensing the fluid.

2.Drain the oil from the engine while it is still
warm. Refill with fresh oil and attach a tag stat-
ing the viscosity of the oil used.

3.Remove the spark plugs and squirt 1 ounce

(2 tablespoons or 28 grams) of rust inhibitor or
SAE 30 oil into each cylinder. Crank the engine

over a few times and reinstall the spark plugs.

4. Perform air cleaner maintenance as instructed
in Periodic Maintenance .

5. Clean the governor linkage and wrap it with a
clean cloth for protection.

Gasoline preservatives (stabi-

6.Plug the exhaust outlet to prevent moisture,
dirt, bugs, etc. from entering.

7.Provide a suitable cover for the entire unit.

8. If so equipped, disconnect the battery (nega­tive [ – ] cable first) and follow the battery or
equipment manufacturer’s storage instruc­tions.

RETURNING THE ENGINE TO SERVICE

1. Remove the cover and all protective wrapping
and the plug from the exhaust outlet.

2.Check the tag on the oil base. Change the oil if
the viscosity is not appropriate for the expected
ambient temperatures. See Table 1.

3.Check the fuel filter and fuel lines to make sure
they are secure and have no cracks or leaks.

4. Check to see that the choke, throttle and gover-
nor linkages move freely.

5. If so equipped, clean and check the battery ac-

cording to the battery or equipment manufac-
turer’s instructions and connect the battery
cables (positive [ + ] cable first).

6.Start the engine. The initial startup may be slow

and there may be smoke and rough operation
for a few minutes until the oil in the cylinder

burns off. If the engine does not start, clean or
replace the spark plugs as they may have been

fouled by the oil added to the cylinder when the
equipment was stored.

OnaFresh is a trademark of the Onan Corporation.

7

Periodic Maintenance

Periodic maintenance is essential for top engine

sis for supporting warranty claims.
performance. Use Ta ble 2 as a guide for normal pe-
riodic maintenance. Under hot or dusty operating

conditions some maintenance operations should
be performed more frequently, as indicated by the

footnotes in the table. Keep a log of maintenance
performed and the hours run. Recording mainte-

Maintenance, replacement or repair of emission

control devices and systems may be performed by

any engine repair establishment or individual. How-

ever, warranty work must be completed by an

authorized Onan dealer or distributor.
nance will help you keep it regular and provide a ba-

TABLE 2. PERIODIC ENGINE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY

MAINTENANCE OPERATION

Inspect Engine •
Check Oil Level •
Clean Air Cleaner Foam Wrapper •
Clean Cylinder Cooling Fins •
Check Starting Battery •
Change Engine Oil •
Change Engine Oil Filter •

Every

Day or

Every 8

Hours

1

Every 50

Hours

3

3

2,3,4

Every

Month

5

Every

100

Hours

2,3,4

Every

200

Hours

Every

500

Hours

Every

1,000

Hours

Replace Fuel Filter •
Replace Air Cleaner Element •

Adjust Engine Valve
Clearance

Replace Spark Plugs •
Clean Cylinder Heads of Deposits •

1Check for oil, fuel and exhaust leaks, loose parts and unusual noises and vibrations.
2Perform after the first 24 hours of operation as a part of engine break-in.
3Perform more often when operating in dusty conditions.

4Perform more often when operating in hot conditions.
5See instructions for battery care provided by the equipment or battery manufacturer.

6Must be performed by a qualified mechanic according to the engine Service Manual.
7Clean more often when using leaded fuel or running the engine continuously under light load. Onan 4C carburetor and

combustion cleaner is recommended every 200 hours of operation.

3

6

•

6,7

8

DAILY (8 HOUR) MAINTENANCE

The operator should check the following before the
first start of the day and after every eight hours of
operation:

1. Inspect fuel lines and fittings for leaks. Repair
leaks immediately.

2.Look and listen for exhaust system leaks while
the engine is running. Look for cracks and se-
vere rusting in the muffler and tailpipe. Have all

leaks repaired before continuing to operate the
equipment.

3'.+*+)

severe burns. Allow the engine time to cool
before servicing the exhaust system.

Hot exhaust parts can cause

ing an SAE viscosity grade appropriate for the
expected temperatures, as indicated by

Table 1.
DO NOT FILL TO A LEVEL ABOVE THE FULL

MARK ON THE DIPSTICK. Drain the excess
oil if too much has been added.

('10*,+

Too much oil can cause high oil
consumption, high operating temperatures
and oil foaming. Too little oil can cause se-

vere engine damage. Keep the oil level be-
tween the Full and Add marks on the dip-
stick.

Reinstall the dipstick and cap after checking or
adding oil, turning it clockwise until it is secure.

3.Check the engine for dirt and debris and clean
the flywheel air inlet screen and cylinder cool-
ing fins as necessary.

('10*,+

A clogged flywheel air inlet

screen or dirty cooling fins can cause over-

heating and engine damage. Keep the cool-
ing fins and air inlet screen clean.

4. Check the engine oil level. The equipment
must be parked on a level surface and the en-
gine stopped. To get an accurate reading, wait

a minute or so to allow the oil to settle in the
crankcase if the engine has been running.

3'.+*+)

Crankcase pressure can blow

hot engine oil out the fill tube causing se-

vere burns. Always stop the engine before
removing the oil fill cap.

Turn the oil fill cap (Figure 3) counterclockwise
and then lift it from the fill tube. Wipe the dip

stick clean and push it back into the oil fill tube
until the cap seats and then withdraw it to check
the oil level.

-/7%%+&

If the oil level is low, add API Class SG or SH oil
(also SG/CD, SG/CE, SH/CD or SH/CE) hav-

FIGURE 3. OIL FILL CAP AND DIPSTICK

9

ENGINE OIL AND FILTER CHANGE

5. Thoroughly wipe off the filter mounting surface.

3'.+*+)

State and federal agencies have de-

termined that contact with used engine oil can

cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. Take
care to limit skin contact and breathing of va-
pors as much as possible. Use rubber gloves
and wash exposed skin.

Refer to Ta ble 2 for scheduled oil change and filter
replacement. See Figure 2 on page 3 for oil filter

and oil drain locations.

1. Run the engine until it is warm. Stop the engine
and disconnect the spark plug and, if so
equipped, the battery (negative [–] cable).

3'.+*+)

Accidental starting of the en-
gine can result in severe personal injury or
death. Always disconnect the spark plug

and the battery (negative [–] cable) before
changing oil.

2.Remove the oil fill cap.

3'.+*+)

Crankcase pressure can blow
hot engine oil out the fill opening causing
severe burns. Always stop the genset be-
fore removing the oil fill cap.

3.Place a pan under the oil drain opening and re-
move the oil drain plug. Reinstall the plug se­curely after the oil has drained completely.

4. Spin off the oil filter canister, drain the oil and
discard the filter according to local regulations.

6.Make sure the gasket is in place on the filter
canister and apply a thin film of oil to the gasket.

7.Spin on the new filter canister by hand until the
gasket just touches the mounting pad and then

turn it an additional 1/2 to 3/4 turn. Do not over­tighten.

8. Refill with API Class SG or SH oil (also SG/CD,
SG/CE, SH/CD or SH/CE) having an SAE vis-
cosity grade appropriate for the expected tem-

peratures, as indicated by Table 1. See Speci-
fications for the oil capacity.

DO NOT FILL TO A LEVEL ABOVE THE FULL
MARK ON THE DIPSTICK. Drain the excess
oil if too much has been added.

('10*,+

Too much oil can cause high oil
consumption, high operating temperatures
and oil foaming. Too little oil can cause se-

vere engine damage. Keep the oil level be-
tween the Full and Add marks on the dip-
stick.

9. Reconnect the spark plug and battery.

10.Start the engine and run it for a short time while
checking for oil leaks around the drain plug and
oil filter. Do not overtighten: tighten only as nec­essary to eliminate leaks.

11.Used oil is harmful to the environment. Pour
the used oil into a sealed container and deliver
it to the nearest recycling center.

10

AIR CLEANER MAINTENANCE

Refer to Table 2 for scheduled foam wrapper main-
tenance and air cleaner element replacement. See
Figure 4.

Foam Wrapper Maintenance

pletely cover all exposed paper pleats on the air
cleaner paper element. Replace the foam wrapper
when it becomes torn or stretched.

Air Cleaner Element Replacement

When performing maintenance on the foam wrap­per only, do not remove the inner air cleaner cover.
Remove and wash the foam wrapper in water and
detergent. Squeeze the foam wrapper dry like a

sponge. Rinse with clean water and allow it to dry.
Coat the wrapper evenly with one tablespoon

(14 grams) of SAE 30 engine oil. Knead the oil into
the wrapper and wring out the excess oil.

Failure to adequately wring out excess oil from the
wrapper may cause a drop in engine power due to a
restriction of inlet air.

Install the foam wrapper over the paper air cleaner
element by stretching it over the inner cover. Com-

To keep anything from entering the carburetor and
engine while the air cleaner element is off, pull the

choke knob to the full-choke position to close the
choke plate in the carburetor. Remove the outer
cover and wipe away loose dust and debris from the
air cleaner assembly. Remove the inner air cleaner

mounting nut and cover. Remove the air filter paper
element and foam wrapper from the engine. Wipe
off dust and debris from the air cleaner base.

Install the new paper element and secure it with the
inner cover and mounting nut. Reinstall the foam

wrapper and outer cover. Make sure to reconnect
the the crankcase breather tube.

OUTER

NUT

OUTER
COVER

AIR
CLEANER
ELEMENT

PULL CRANKCASE

BREATHER TUBE

OUT WHEN

REMOVING INNER

COVER

INNER

NUT

INNER

COVER

FOAM

WRAPPER

AIR

CLEANER

ASSEMBLY

BASE

FIGURE 4. AIR CLEANER ASSEMBLY

11

COOLING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

Refer to Table 2 for scheduled cleaning of the cylin-
der cooling fins.

Use compressed air or a pressure washer to clean
the cylinder cooling fins. Ta ke the following precau-
tions.

1. Wear safety glasses.

3'.+*+)

when using compressed air or a pressure
washer to avoid severe eye damage.

Always wear safety glasses

Take care not to spill fuel when disconnecting the
fuel line from the filter. Allow the engine to cool be­fore disconnecting the fuel line so that it cannot ig­nite any fuel that may be spilled. Close any shutoff
valve that may be provided in the fuel line. If the filter
is of the in-line type, it is usually removable by loos­ening the inlet and outlet hose clamps.

3'.+*+)

Gasoline is highly flammable and

can cause severe personal injury or death.
Let the engine cool and close any fuel line shut-

off valve before disconnecting the fuel line from
the filter.

2.Let the engine cool, especially when using a
pressure washer. The temperature stresses

caused by cleaning a hot engine can crack the
cylinder.

3.Observe all of the manufacturer’s instructions
and precautions when using a pressure
washer.

FUEL FILTER REPLACEMENT

Refer to Table 2 for scheduled fuel filter replace-
ment and Figure 2 for the location of the fuel filter (if

so equipped). Also refer to the equipment Opera-
tor’s Manual regarding any supplemental fuel filters
that may have been provided and the recom­mended frequency for their replacement.

Do not smoke if you smell gasoline or are near
fuel tanks or gasoline-burning equipment or are
in an area sharing ventilation with such equip-
ment. Keep flames, sparks, pilot lights, electri­cal arcs and arc-producing equipment and all
other sources of ignition well away.

SPARK PLUG REPLACEMENT

Refer to Ta ble 2 for scheduled spark plug replace­ment and Specifications for gap specifications.

To prevent crossthreading the spark plug always
thread it in by hand until it seats. Then turn it with a
wrench an additional 1/16 turn (22-1/2° ). If you have

a torque wrench, tighten the spark plugs to 11 lbs-ft
(14 N-m).

12

CARBURETOR ADJUSTMENTS

These engines have precision-manufactured car-
buretors which are not adjustable.

Adjustments

REAR-PULL CHOKE CABLE

RECONNECTING AND RECLAMPING THE

CHOKE CABLE (MANUAL CHOKE)

Referring to Figure 5, reconnect and reclamp the
choke cable as follows:

1. Stop the engine and disconnect the spark
plugs and, if so equipped, the battery (negative
[–] cable).

3'.+*+)

gine can result in severe personal injury or
death. Always disconnect the spark plug

and battery (negative [–] cable) before re-
setting the engine control cables.

2.Push the equipment choke knob to the full-
open choke position.

3.Connect the choke cable to the choke lever.
(The cable will either hook into the choke lever
or be clamped by a screw in a swivel on the

choke lever. See Figure 5.) Pull the slack out of
the cable and clamp it.

4. Check for smooth movement and full travel of
the equipment choke knob. Remove the air

cleaner element as explained under Periodic
Maintenance to see that the choke plate opens

and closes fully.

6.Reassemble the air cleaner and reconnect the
spark plug and battery.

Accidental starting of the en-

CLOSE
CHOKE

FRONT-PULL CHOKE CABLE

INTERMEDIATE

LINK AND LEVER

CHOKE LEVER

(open position)

CABLE

CLAMP

CHOKE LEVER

(open position)

CLOSE

CHOKE

SWIVEL

CLAMP

FIGURE 5. FRONT-PULL AND REAR-PULL CHOKE

CABLE ARRANGEMENTS

CABLE

CLAMP

13

ENGINE SPEED ADJUSTMENT

Normally there is no need to adjust engine speed.
These instructions are for the equipment manufac-
turer in setting up and adjusting the equipment.

Engine speed adjustment must be attempted only
by a qualified mechanic and the adjustments must
be made using an accurate tachometer. Set the

low-idle and high-idle speeds to the values speci­fied in the equipment Operator’s Manual. In the ab-
sence of such specifications it is recommended that
low-idle speed be adjusted to 1,100 RPM and high-
idle speed to 3,400 RPM.

HIGH-IDLE SPEED STOP TANG

Do not bend the high-idle speed stop

tang unless you are a qualified

mechanic and have an accurate

tachometer to set the high-idle speed

in accordance with the equipment

manufacturer’s specifications

ENGINE

THROTTLE

LINK

3'.+*+)

Adjusting the engine speed to a val-

ue above that specified by the equipment

manufacture could cause the equipment to op-
erate at speeds in violation of Federal and State
Standards for Safety for the equipment.

3'.+*+)

Moving parts can cause severe per­sonal injury or death. Take care when measur­ing engine speed with a tachometer and follow
the meter instructions. You must be a qualified

mechanic.

Referring to Figure 6, adjust the low-idle and high-
idle engine speeds as follows:

1. Start the engine, observing all of the equipment
manufacturer’s instructions and precautions.

2.If the throttle cable has already been con-
nected, loosen the clamp at the engine and

back out the low-idle speed stop screw so that
the speed stop screw on the carburetor
touches its stop. Adjust engine speed to
1,000 RPM with the carburetor speed stop
screw.

3.Turn the low-idle speed stop screw to obtain
the specified low-idle speed.

4. Move the engine throttle link up against its stop
tang and hold it there while bending the tang as
necessary to obtain the specified high-idle
speed.

5. Hook the engine throttle link with the throttle
cable, pull the slack out of the throttle cable and

tighten the clamp. Check for full, smooth move­ment of the engine throttle link between its two

stop positions when the equipment throttle le-
ver is moved through its full range.

THROTTLE CABLE

(Pull cable sheath to remove

slack before clamping)

CARBURETOR SPEED STOP

SCREW

FIGURE 6. SPEED ADJUSTMENTS

CABLE

CLAMP

LOW-IDLE

SPEED STOP

SCREW

14

Troubleshooting

Table 3 provides basic troubleshooting guidance. If
you fail to resolve the problem after taking the cor-
rective actions suggested, contact the equipment
or Onan dealer.

3'.+*+)

present hazards that can result in severe per-
sonal injury or death. Only qualified service per-

Many troubleshooting procedures

TABLE 3. TROUBLESHOOTING

sonnel with knowledge of fuels, electricity, and
machinery hazards should perform service pro-
cedures. Review the safety precautions on the
inside cover page.

3'.+*+)

burns. Always allow the engine time to cool
before performing any maintenance or service.

Hot engine parts can cause severe

Problem Corrective Action

1. The engine fails to crank. a.Release the clutch (if so equipped).

b.Clean and tighten the positive ( + ) and negative ( – ) battery

cable connections at the battery and the engine.

c.Recharge the battery. Refer to the equipment or battery

manufacturer’s recommendations.

2.The engine cranks slowly. a.Release the clutch (if so equipped).

b.Clean and tighten the positive ( + ) and negative ( – ) battery

cable connections at the battery and the engine.

c.Recharge the battery. Refer to the equipment or battery

manufacturer’s recommendations.

d. Change engine oil to oil having the proper viscosity for the

ambient temperature. See Table 1.

3.The engine cranks but fails to
start.

4. The engine runs and then stops. a.Check the fuel tank and fill if necessary.

5. The engine exhausts black

smoke.

6.The engine misfires. a.Replace the spark plugs.

a.Check the fuel tank and fill if necessary.
b.Open any closed fuel shut off valve.
c.Check engine oil level and add oil as necessary.

d. Reconnect and reclamp the choke cable (manual chokes

only). See Adjustments.

e. Service the air cleaner.

f. Replace the fuel filter(if provided).

g. Replace the spark plugs.

b.Check the engine oil level and add oil as necessary. Drain

excess oil if the level is above the dipstick Full mark.

c.Reconnect and reclamp the choke cable (manual chokes

only). See Adjustments.

a.Service the air cleaner.
b.Reconnect and reclamp the choke cable (manual chokes

only). See Adjustments.

15

Specifications

MODEL P218V MODEL P220V

Engine Type

Bore 3.250 inches (83 mm) 3.250 inches (83 mm)

Stroke 2.875 inches (73 mm) 2.875 inches (73 mm)

Displacement 48 inches3(782 cc) 48 inches3(782 cc)

Compression Ratio 7.0 : 1 7.0 : 1

Power at Rated Speed
(3600 RPM)

Oil Capacity (with Filter)*

Intake Valve Clearance (Cold) 0.005 inches (0.13 mm) 0.005 inches (0.13 mm)

Exhaust Valve Clearance (Cold) 0.013 inches (0.33 mm) 0.013 inches (0.33 mm)

Spark Plug Gap 0.025 inches (0.64 mm) 0.025 inches (0.64 mm)

Spark Plug Tightening Torque

Ignition Timing (Non-adjustable
electronic ignition)

Horizontally Opposed 2-Cylinder, 4-Stroke Cycle, Spark-Ignited,

Side-Valve, Air-Cooled, Vertical-Shaft

18 HP

(13.4 kW)

2 quarts

(1.9 l)

11 lbs-ft

(14 N-m)

20° BTDC 20° BTDC

20 HP

(14.9 kW)

2 quarts

(1.9 l)

11 lbs-ft

(14 N-m)

* –See Periodic Maintenance for oil filling instructions.

16

Important Information

for California Engine Users

These engines meet the requirements of Califor-
nia’s Exhaust Emissions Standards for 1995 and
later for Utility and Lawn and Garden Equipment

Engines.

As a California user of these engines, please be
aware that unauthorized modifications or replace-

ment of fuel, exhaust, air intake, or speed control
system components that affect engine emissions

are prohibited. Unauthorized modification, removal
or replacement of the engine label is prohibited.

TABLE 4. EMISSIONS CONTROL INFORMATION

The California emissions control warranty statement is located

Engine Warranty Information

Engine Valve Lash See Specifications.
Engine Ignition Timing See Specifications .

Engine Fuel Requirements

Engine Lubricating Oil Requirements See Engine Oil Recommendations in Introduction.

in the same packet of information as this manual when the en-
gine is shipped from the factory.

The engine is certified to operate on unleaded gasoline. See
Fuel Recommendations in Introduction.

You should carefully review Operator (Owner),
Installation and other manuals and information you

receive with your engine or equipment. If you are
unsure that the installation, use, maintenance or
service of your engine or equipment is authorized,
you should seek assistance from an approved

Onan engine dealer or an approved dealer for your
equipment.

California engine users may use Ta bles 4 as aids in
locating information related to the California Air Re-

sources Board requirements for emissions control.

Engine Fuel Mixture Settings

Engine Adjustments See Adjustments.

Engine Emission Control System

These engines have precision-manufactured carburetors
which are not adjustable.

The engine emission control system consists of internal engine
modifications.

17

Cummins Power Generation
1400 73rd Avenue N.E.

Minneapolis, MN 55432
763-574-5000

Fax: [phone]

Cummins and Onan are registered trademarks of Cummins Inc.