OMRON F160-2 Operation Manual
MANUAL 3:
EXPERT MENU
OPERATION MANUAL
Vision Sensor
F160-2
Cat. No. Z173-E1-01A
READ AND UNDERSTAND THIS DOCUMENT
Please read and understand this document before using the products. Please consult your OMRON
representative if you have any questions or comments.
WARRANTY
OMRON’s exclusive warranty is that the products are free from defects in materials and workmanship for
a period of one year (or other period if specified) from date of sale by OMRON.
OMRON MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING
NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF THE
PRODUCTS. ANY BUYER OR USER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE BUYER OR USER ALONE HAS
DETERMINED THAT THE PRODUCTS WILL SUITABLY MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF THEIR
INTENDED USE. OMRON DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.
LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY
OMRON SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, LOSS OF PROFITS OR COMMERCIAL LOSS IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THE
PRODUCTS, WHETHER SUCH CLAIM IS BASED ON CONTRACT, WARRANTY, NEGLIGENCE, OR
STRICT LIABILITY.
In no event shall responsibility of OMRON for any act exceed the individual price of the product on which
liability is asserted.
IN NO EVENT SHALL OMRON BE RESPONSIBLE FOR WARRANTY, REPAIR, OR OTHER CLAIMS
REGARDING THE PRODUCTS UNLESS OMRON’S ANALYSIS CONFIRMS THAT THE PRODUCTS
WERE PROPERLY HANDLED, STORED, INSTALLED, AND MAINTAINED AND NOT SUBJECT TO
CONTAMINATION, ABUSE, MISUSE, OR INAPPROPRIATE MODIFICATION OR REPAIR.
SUITABILITY FOR USE
OMRON shall not be responsible for conformity with any standards, codes, or regulations that apply to
the combination of products in the customer’s application or use of the product.
At the customer’s request, OMRON will provide applicable third party certification documents identifying
ratings and limitations of use that apply to the products. This information by itself is not sufficient for a
complete determination of the suitability of the products in combination with the end product, machine,
system, or other application or use.
The following are some examples of applications for which particular attention must be given. This is not
intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible uses of the products, nor is it intended to imply that the
uses listed may be suitable for the products:
• Outdoor use, uses involving potential chemical contamination or electrical interference, or conditions or
uses not described in this document.
• Nuclear energy control systems, combustion systems, railroad systems, aviation systems, medical
equipment, amusement machines, vehicles, safety equipment, and installations subject to separate
industry or government regulations.
• Systems, machines, and equipment that could present a risk to life or property.
Please know and observe all prohibitions of use applicable to the products.
NEVER USE THE PRODUCTS FOR AN APPLICATION INVOLVING SERIOUS RISK TO LIFE OR
PROPERTY WITHOUT ENSURING THAT THE SYSTEM AS A WHOLE HAS BEEN DESIGNED TO
ADDRESS THE RISKS, AND THAT THE OMRON PRODUCT IS PROPERLY RATED AND INSTALLED
FOR THE INTENDED USE WITHIN THE OVERALL EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM.
PERFORMANCE DATA
Performance data given in this document is provided as a guide for the user in determining suitability and
does not constitute a warranty. It may represent the result of OMRON’s test conditions, and the users
must correlate it to actual application requirements. Actual performance is subject to the OMRON
Warranty and Limitations of Liability.
CHANGE IN SPECIFICATIONS
Product specifications and accessories may be changed at any time based on improvements and other
reasons.
It is our practice to change model numbers when published ratings or features are changed, or when
significant construction changes are made. However, some specifications of the product may be
changed without any notice. When in doubt, special model numbers may be assigned to fix or establish
key specifications for your application on your request. Please consult with your OMRON representative
at any time to confirm actual specifications of purchased products.
DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS
Dimensions and weights are nominal and are not to be used for manufacturing purposes, even when
tolerances are shown.
ERRORS AND OMISSIONS
The information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate; however, no
responsibility is assumed for clerical, typographical, or proofreading errors, or omissions.
PROGRAMMABLE PRODUCTS
OMRON shall not be responsible for the user’s programming of a programmable product, or any
consequence thereof.
COPYRIGHT AND COPY PERMISSION
This document shall not be copied for sales or promotions without permission.
This document is protected by copyright and is intended solely for use in conjunction with the product.
Please notify us before copying or reproducing this document in any manner, for any other purpose. If
copying or transmitting this document to another, please copy or transmit it in its entirety.
F160-2 Vision Sensor
Manual 3: Expert Menu Operation Manual
Revised July 2004
iv
Notice:
OMRON products are manufactured for use according to proper procedures by a qualified operator and only for the purposes described in this manual.
The following conventions are used to indicate and classify precautions in this manual. Always
heed the information provided with them. Failure to heed precautions can result in injury to people
or damage to property.
!DANGER Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in
death or serious injury.
!WARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
!Caution Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in
minor or moderate injury, or property damage.
OMRON Product References
All OMRON products are capitalized in this manual. The word “Unit” is also capitalized when it
refers to an OMRON product, regardless of whether or not it appears in the proper name of the
product.
Visual Aids
The following headings appear in the left column of the manual to help you locate different types
of information.
Note Indicates information of particular interest for efficient and convenient opera-
tion of the product.
1,2,3... 1. Indicates lists of one sort or another, such as procedures, checklists, etc.
Precaution Indicates information required to take full advantage of the functions and per-
formance of the product. Incorrect application methods may result in the loss
of damage or damage to the product. Read and follow all precautionary information.
CHECK Indicates points that are important in using product functions or in application
procedures.
TwoCa mera Indicates information required when using a 2-camera system.
SeeAlso Indicates where to find related information.
HELP Indicates information helpful in operation, such as the definition of terms.
OMRON, 2003
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of OMRON.
No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Moreover,
because OMRON is constantly striving to improve its high-quality products, the information contained
in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every precaution has been taken in the preparation
of this manual. Nevertheless, OMRON assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is
any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this publication.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1
Expert Menu Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1-1 Special Features of the Expert Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1-2 Types and Features of Measurement Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1-3 Compatibility with Conversational Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1-4 Operational Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1-5 Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SECTION 2
Basic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2-1 Starting the F160 and Displaying Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2-2 Menu Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2-3 Two-camera Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2-4 Setting Inspection Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2-5 Run Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2-6 Saving Settings and Exiting the F160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
SECTION 3
Selecting and Setting Measurement Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3-1 Area (Variable Box). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
3-2 Defect (Variable Box) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
3-3 Gravity and Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
3-4 OCR for 1 Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
3-5 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
3-6 Surface Defects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
3-7 Density Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
3-8 Edge Pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
3-9 Edge Position. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
3-10 Edge Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
3-11 Gray Search and Precise Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
3-12 Flexible Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
3-13 Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
3-14 Relative Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
3-15 Rotation Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
SECTION 4
Detailed Setting Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
4-1 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
4-2 Position Displacement Compensation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
4-3 Details on Expressions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4-4 Display Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
4-5 Display Strings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
4-6 Displaying Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
4-7 Displaying Judgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
4-8 Displaying Measurement Region Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
4-9 Displaying Measurement Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
4-10 Displaying Fixed Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
4-11 Displaying Results (Lines, Boxes, Circles, and Cursors) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
4-12 Editing Measurement Regions and Position Compensation Regions . . . . . . . 253
SECTION 5
Other Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
5-1 Changing Scenes and Scene Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
5-2 Backing Up Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
5-3 Checking Image Density Distribution: Line Brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
5-4 Checking I/O Status with External Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
5-5 Memory Card Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
SECTION 6
System Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
6-1 Entering System Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
6-2 Camera Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
6-3 Measurement Result Output Destinations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
6-4 Screen Display and Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
6-5 Customizing Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
6-6 Setting Conditions for Saving Measurement Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
6-7 Using BUSY Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
6-8 Selecting Items to be Shown in Overall Judgements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
6-9 Setting Startup Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
6-10 Setting the Calendar Date and Time (Date/Time) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
6-11 Checking System Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
6-12 Changing to Conversational Menus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
SECTION 7
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
7-1 Terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
7-2 Character Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
7-3 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
7-4 FAQ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
ix
About this Manual:
This manual describes setup procedures for the F160 Vision Sensor and it includes the sections described below.
This is one of four manuals used to operate the F160. Refer to the following table for the
contents of each manual.
Manual Contents Cat. No.
1: Setup Manual Provides information on system hardware and installa-
tion. Be sure to read this manual first.
2: Conversational
Menu Operation
Manual
3: Expert Menu
Operation Manual
4: Communications
Reference Manual
Please read the above manuals carefully and be sure you understand the information provided before attempting to install or operate the F160.
Section 1 Expert Menu Features explains the features of the Expert Menu mode and its
compatibility with the Conversational Menu mode.
Section 2 Basic Operations describes the basic operations of the Expert Menus.
Section 3 Selecting and Setting Measurement Methods explains the measurement
methods provided by the Expert Menu (except for the gravity and area measurement
method, which is explained in Section 2).
Section 4 Detailed Setting Operations explains in more detail the basic setting operations
for the Expert Menus that were explained in Section 2.
Section 5 Other Functions describes additional functions such as changing the measurement setup or backing up data.
Section 6 System Settings describes how to set conditions related to the system environ-
ment.
Section 7 Appendix provides information on terminology, character codes, troubleshooting,
and answers to FAQs.
Describes operation of the F160 using the Conversational Menus. The Conversational Menus enable the simplest operation based on registered images of
acceptable and unacceptable products.
Describes operation of the F160 using the Expert Menus.
The Expert Menu enable application of all F160 capabilities, including setting region images and criteria.
Describes the communications settings and communications protocol used to transfer data through the parallel
interface or serial interface.
Z170
Z171
Z173
Z172
!WARNING Failure to read and understand the information provided in this manual may result in per-
sonal injury or death, damage to the product, or product failure. Please read each section in
its entirety and be sure you understand the information provided in the section and related
sections before attempting any of the procedures or operations given.
xi
SECTION 1
Expert Menu Features
This section explains the features of the Expert Menu mode and its compatibility with the Conversational Menu
mode.
1-1 Special Features of the Expert Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1-2 Types and Features of Measurement Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1-2-1 Measurement Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1-2-2 Features of Measurement Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1-3 Compatibility with Conversational Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1-4 Operational Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1-5 Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1-5-1 Menus for One Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1-5-2 Menus for Two Cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1
Special Features of the Expert Menu Section 1-1
1-1 Special Features of the Expert Menu
Seventeen Measurement Methods for Various Detection Needs
Select the measurement method according to application.
Complicated detection is also possible, by combining multiple measurement
methods and with detailed settings.
• Area (var. box)
• Defect (var. box)
• Gravity and area (See note.)
• Gravity and axis (See note.)
• OCR for 1 chara
• Classification
• Defect
• Density data
• Edge pitch
• Edge position (See note.)
• Edge width
• Gray search (See note.)
• Precise search
• Flexible search
• Labeling (See note.)
• Relative search
• Rotation search (See note.)
Note Position displacement compensation is also supported for these
measurement methods.
Two-camera Operation
If two Cameras are connected, detection can be performed from two directions
and the field of vision can be split in two.
SeeAlso Refer to page 32.
Smooth Setup Changes
Scenes can be used to change between up to 32 types of measurement setups. Simply change the scene to change to a different measurement setup. A
128-MB Memory Card can be used to store up to 1,024 scenes.
SeeAlso Refer to page 260.
Flexible Settings for Data Output to External Devices
In addition to simply outputting measurement results, expressions or arithmetic functions can be set to output special data, such as the distance
between two regions or the maximum measurement value.
2
Special Features of the Expert Menu Section 1-1
SeeAlso
Refer to page 219.
Up to 35 Screens of NG Measurement Object Images
Past defects can be checked on screen.
Saved images are cleared when the power is turned OFF.
Images can be saved as bitmaps, which are useful when creating reports or
operating procedures.
SeeAlso Refer to page 318.
Customizing
Customize Screens
SeeAlso Refer to page 233.
• Messages displayed on screen can be changed for easier comprehension
of the measurement and its purpose.
0.Scn 0 OK 67ms
Individual region
0.Gray search
Judge : OK
Correlation : 92
Position X : 200.000
Position Y : 140.000
MON
Freeze
Customize
Scene names can be changed according to the
measurement details (See note.).
0.LABEL
Individual region
0.Presence
Judge : OK
Correleation : 92
Position X : 200.000
Position Y : 140.000
Measurement region names can be changed
to suit the measurement. (See note.)
MON
OK 67ms
Freeze
3
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
• The display method for the measurement results can also be changed as
required.
Fixed figures, such as lines, can always be displayed.
(Useful as a guide to the position of the measurement object.)
0.LABEL
Difference from standard
: 20
Use suitable characters.
MON
OK 67ms
Figures can be displayed at
detection position
A display cursor is displayed
at the label detection position
in this example.
Freeze
Measurement value displayed in suitable position.
Customize Operations
SeeAlso Refer to page 309.
• Access can be limited by using a password to prevent incorrect operation.
• Frequently-used operations can be allocated to the Console Keys, allowing faster, one-touch operation.
1-2 Types and Features of Measurement Methods
Various measurement methods can be selected according to the application
and measurement details. The possible applications for some measurement
methods is much wider depending on the way the method is used. In this section, however, only the most typical applications are described.
1-2-1 Measurement Methods
The Expert Menu has 17 types of measurement.
• Area (variable box)
• Defect (variable box)
• Gravity and area
• Gravity and axis
• OCR for 1 character
• Classification
• Defect
• Density data
• Edge pitch
• Edge position
• Edge width
• Gray search
• Precise search
• Flexible search
• Labeling
• Relative search
• Rotation search
4
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
Guide to Selecting Measurement Methods
Measurement target Example
measurement
methods
Size (area) Gravity and area
Area (var. box)
Typical application
examples
Detect presence (expiration
dates, parts, etc.)
Detect adhesive coatings.
Detect caulking of metal parts.
Position Center of gravity coor-
dinates (Processing
time: Short)
Any particular coordinates (Processing
time: Long)
Dimensions Edge position
(X,Y)
(X,Y)
Gravity and area Robot handling.
Position PCBs.
Gray search
Precise search
Robot handling.
Position PCBs.
Flexible search
Detect dimensions of molded
Edge width
products (e.g., width of tiles or
paper, length of bolts, internal
diameter of PCB holes.)
Position displacement Relative search Detect position displacement
(printing, labels, etc.)
Fluid volume checks.
Detect insufficient tightening of
caps.
Shape (correlation) Gray search
Precise search
Flexible search
Angle Gravity and axis
Rotation search
Number Edge pitch
1234
Labeling
Detect foreign items in packages.
Discriminate between directions (parts, marks, etc.)
Detect rotary switch position
(angle).
Detect number of pins (IC,
connectors, etc.)
Detect detached wiring cables.
Detect number of gears.
Defect Defect
Defect (var. box)
Detect marks on sheeting.
Detect defects and burrs on
molded products.
Check pinholes.
Detect impurities in fluids.
Examine exterior of chip parts.
Brightness Density data Detect foreign objects.
Detect presence.
Characters OCR for 1 character Read lot number.
Classification Classification Discriminate between grades,
e.g., on fruit boxes.
5
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
1-2-2 Features of Measurement Methods
Area (Var. Box)
Use an area (variable box) measurement to adjust the measurement region (a
box) for measurement objects with varying sizes or positions and find their size
and center of gravity.
The upper, lower, left, and right edges of the measurement object are found.
Upper edge
Measurement region
Measurement region
SeeAlso Refer to page 7 for information on Gravity and Area.
Defect (Var. Box)
Left edge
Lower edge
With the edges detected, the F160 can determine where the measurement
object is. Even if the size and position of the measurement object changes, the
F160 can move the measurement region appropriately.
Once the edges have been found, the image is converted to a binary image
and the area and center of gravity of the measurement region are found.
Use a defect (variable box) measurement to adjust the measurement region (a
box) for measurement objects with varying sizes or positions and find defects.
The edges are found in the same way as for Area (var. box) and the measurement region is moved as required.
Once the edges have been found, the defects inside the measurement region
are detected.
Right edge
Measurement region
SeeAlso Refer to page 9 for information on Defect.
Gravity and Area
6
Use a gravity and area measurement to find the size and position (center of
gravity) of a measurement object.
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
The image read by the Camera is a 256-gradation image. This is converted to
a binary image made up of black and white pixels. The F160 focusses on the
white areas only and performs measurement.
Measurement region
Center of gravity of the white pixels
No. of white pixels = area
Area The area is the number of white pixels in the measurement region.
Center of
Gravity
HELP Refer to page 330 for information on the center of gravity.
CHECK When a gravity and area measurement is used, an object will receive an OK
CHECK Use an area (var. box) measurement for measurement objects with varying
Gravity and Axis
The center of gravity is the center of the area of white pixel. When the white
pixel area of the region forms a square, the center of gravity is the intersection
of the lines from diagonal corners.
judgement if the number of white pixels is the same as the OK setting, even if
the shape is different. To distinguish shapes, use a gray search, precise
search, or flexible search.
measurement region sizes or positions.
Use a gravity and axis measurement to find the angle of a measurement
object.
This measurement method also calculates the axis angle, in addition to the
binary center of gravity and area calculations described previously.
Measurement region
Axis angle
q
Center of gravity of white pixels
No. of white pixels = area
Axis Angle The axis angle is the angle of the major axis of an ellipse that is diagrammati-
cally equivalent to the area occupied by the white pixels.
CHECK More processing time is required to calculate the axis angle. To simply find the
area and center of gravity, use a gravity and area measurement.
7
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
OCR for 1 Character
Use an OCR for 1 character measurement to recognize alphanumeric characters and special symbols. The F160 provides a dictionary, so no models need
to be registered.
The F160 recognizes two candidates, 1st candidate and 2nd candidate, from
the dictionary, that are most similar to the character image in the measurement
region.
If the density deviation is not greater than the set value, the image is recognized as having no pattern (no detectable marks).
Measurement region
5
1st candidate: 5
2nd candidate: S
CHECK An expression can be set to output the character code of the recognized char-
acter to an external device. The output when no pattern is detected is the
underscore (_) character code.
Classification
Use a classification measurement to classify products, for example, on a line
for a variety of products.
A model is registered beforehand that will serve as the classification reference.
Up to 36 types of models can be registered to index numbers 0 to 35.
When the printing quality or shape of the model is inconsistent, register multiple models to the same index number. Up to 5 models can be registered to the
same index number.
A registered to 0 C registered to 2B registered to 1
A
CHECK When multiple models are registered to the same index number, the F160
B
automatically creates auxiliary models between the models that are registered. If the auxiliary models are added to the registered models when
searches are performed, stable searches are possible even if there are variations between the registered models. You can select whether or not to use
auxiliary models in searches. Refer to page 331 for information on auxiliary
models.
Model registraion
0
A
A
1
B
C
B
2
C
C
3
4
5
6
7
SFT+- ¯:Switch
Model (Up to 5 models can be registered)
Index 0 to index 35
8
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
The F160 outputs the number of the index for the model that most resembles
the image. If there is no model that resembles the image, NG is output. Once
that data has been received by the external device, the product can be classified at the next processing stage.
Searches for the model with the highest correlation.
Defect
A
Camera
0
Outputs the index number.
B
C
12
CHECK Expressions must be set to output data to an external device.
Use a defect measurement to detect defects in unpatterned measurement
objects.
This method checks for surface defects by measuring variations in density.
The shape of the measurement region can be chosen from arc, box, circumference, or line.
Measurement region
Defect
CHECK The measurement object cannot be measured correctly if there is a pattern or
CHECK Use a defect (variable box) measurement for measurement objects with vary-
Density Data
marks on the object. This method uses variations in density, so if there is a
pattern or marks within the measurement region it will be detected as a defect.
To measure areas with patterns or marks, use a gray search, precise search,
or flexible search. Refer to page 11.
ing measurement region sizes or positions.
Use a density data measurement to detect the presence of a measurement
object.
Example: Detecting the Presence of Electronic Parts
Set two measurement regions, one for the part location and one for the background. The density average of each is measured and the difference is used to
check if the part is present. If the part is present, the density difference with
the background will be large. If the part is not present, the density difference
will be small.
9
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
The difference in density is compared, so there will be little influence on the
measurement if the overall image is dark due to deteriorated lighting.
OK product NG product (no part)
Average density: 30
CHECK Use expressions to set the judgement conditions for density difference and OK
Edge Pitch
CHECK To find only the width of the measurement object, use an edge width measure-
Part
Background
Average density: 190Average density: 200 Average density: 200
Density difference: 170
Density difference: 10
(part present)/NG (part missing).
Use an edge pitch measurement to find the number of edges (number of connector pins, etc.) in a measurement object.
In addition to finding the number of edges, this method can be used to find the
pitch and width.
Edge
No. of edges Pitch
(Distance between midpoints)
ment.
Edge Position
10
Use an edge position measurement to find the coordinates of the edge of the
measurement object.
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
The edge is found by density changes within the measurement region. Set the
search direction and color changes for each region.
Meaurement region
Want to find the X coordinate of this edge.
Direction: →
Color: Light → Dark
Edge Width
Use an edge width measurement to find the width of the measurement object.
This method finds two edges in one measurement region and calculates the
width.
Measurement region
Edge 1
Width
Edge 2
Gray Search, Precise Search, and Flexible Search
Use these measurement methods to distinguish between shapes of measurement objects or to find the position (search coordinates) of a measurement
object.
Register a reference image pattern as the model.
When a model is registered, the center position of the model is registered as
the search coordinates. (These search coordinates can be changed.)
Search coordinates
Register as
the model
(change to a suitable position)
11
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
The part of an input image that is most similar to the model is found, the
degree of similarity is expressed with a correlation value, and the search coordinates (X, Y) are found.
Correlation : 95
Search coordinates: (180, 291)
Search
Correlation : 52
Search coordinates: (260, 143)
Search
Labeling
HELP Refer to page 330 for information on density images.
HELP Refer to page 331 for information on models.
HELP Refer to page 330 for information on correlations.
With a precise search, the position is obtained in sub-pixel units. The position
accuracy is higher but the processing time is longer than that for a gray search
measurement.
Use a flexible search, where multiple models can be registered, for measurement objects with inconsistent shapes that give unstable measurements.
Use a labeling measurement to count how many labels there are in a measurement region and to find the area and center of gravity of a specified label.
HELP Labels are areas of white pixels in a binary image.
HELP Labeling is the process where a different number is given to each extracted
label.
12
Types and Features of Measurement Methods Section 1-2
Images read by the Camera are converted to binary images and the white pixels are extracted as labels. (Any value can be set to the judgement values to
determine what area of white pixels becomes a label.)
Measurement region
Labels are extracted and the area and gravity coordinates found.
The extracted labels are sorted by area or center of gravity, and numbers are
allocated to each label.
Example: Sort by area in descending order
Relative Search
Rotation Search
012
Use a relative search measurement to find the position of marks, holes, or
other features in relation to the reference position.
Register two image patterns as models, one for the reference position and one
for the measurement position. The part of an input image that is most similar
to the model is found, and the correlation with the model, and the relative position and distance between the 2 output points is obtained.
Width X
Distance R
Width Y
Reference position
Measurement position
Use a rotation search measurement to find the angle and position of a measurement object.
Register a model that will serve as the reference image pattern. When a model
is registered, the registered status of the measurement object becomes 0
° and
13
Compatibility with Conversational Menu Section 1-3
the center position of the model becomes the search coordinates. (The search
coordinates can be changed.)
Model
A
The angle of the measurement object is found in relation to the reference
image (model) for the input image.
Angle
A
1-3 Compatibility with Conversational Menu
Scene Data
(Detection
Conditions)
Scene data
Conversational
Menus
Set the detection conditions. Add or adjust the conditions.
The detection conditions set in Conversational Menu mode can be used in
Expert Menu mode to make detailed adjustments. Once the conditions have
been adjusted with the Expert Menu, you can return to the Conversational
Menu mode and perform measurements using these adjusted conditions.
Region conditions that have been changed or added in the Expert Menu mode
cannot be readjusted using the Conversational Menu mode.
Expert
Menus
Execute measurement. Register new regions to the
Conversational
Menus
Execute measurements.
scenes added or changed
using the Expert Menus.
You cannot change the
scene regions added or
changed using the
Expert Menus.
14
Operational Flow Section 1-4
System Data The data set using the Conversational Menu mode is used as is.
System data
Conversational
Menus
Expert Menus
1-4 Operational Flow
Turn ON the power.
Preparations for Detection
Starting the Expert Menus. Refer to page 22. See Starting the F160 and Displaying Images.
SeeAlso Refer to page 34 for information on setting detection conditions. Refer to this
Setting Detection Conditions
section to learn about the basic operational flow from setting detection conditions to executing measurements.
1. Enter Set Mode. Refer to page 34. See 2-4-1 STEP 1: Entering Set Mode.
2. Adjust the Camera image. Refer to page 38. See 2-4-2 STEP 2: Adjusting
Images.
3. Set position displacement compensation if necessary. Refer to page 47.
See 2-4-3 STEP 3: Position Compensation. See page 205 for details on
position compensation.
4. Select and set the measurement method (Gravity and area). Refer to
page 48. See 2-4-4 STEP 4: Measurement Region.
Select the measurement method appropriate to the measurement goal.
Refer to page 67. See SECTION 3 Selecting and Setting Measurement
Methods.
Area (var. box), page 70
Defect (var. box), page 82
Gravity and axis, page 92
OCR for 1 character, page 100
Classification, page 104
Defect, page 114
Density data, page 119
Edge pitch, page 123
Edge position, page 128
Edge width, page 137
Gray search, page 147
Precise search, page 147
Flexible search, page 155
Labeling, page 163
Conversational
Menus
Only those items that are part of the
Conversational Menu system data
can be used.
(Other data returns to the default
settings.)
15
Menus Section 1-5
Relative search, page 172
Rotation search, page 180
5. Setting output details if necessary. Refer to page 59. See 2-4-5 STEP 5:
Output Expressions See page 219 for details on output expressions.
6. Changing the screen for measurement if necessary. Refer to page 60. See
2-4-6 STEP 6: Display. See page 233 for details on display.
Confirming Settings and Executing
Perform tests and start measurements. Refer to page 60. See 2-4-7 STEP 7:
Monitor Mode and Run Mode.
Troubleshooting
HELP When an error message has been displayed on the screen, refer to page 332
Troubleshooting.
HELP If you have a question, refer to page 336 FAQ.
HELP If you don’t understand a term, refer to page 330 Te rmi no l ogy.
Changing and Deleting Settings
Copy, clear, and change names of measurement methods. Refer to page 235.
See Editing Measurement Regions and Position Compensation Regions.
Saving Settings
1. Save detection conditions. Refer to page 65. See Saving Settings and Exiting the F160.
2. Back up image, system, and scene data. Refer to page 266 for information
on how to back up settings.
Application Setting Operations
1. Set conditions by model type. Refer to page 260. See Changing Scenes
and Scene Groups for information on scene and scene-group functions.
2. Set system environment conditions. Refer to page 291. See System Settings.
3. Initialize the set detection conditions. Refer to page 260. See Changing
Scenes and Scene Groups for information on scene and scene group func-
tions.
4. Set communications specifications and I/O format for communications with
external devices. Refer to the Communications Reference Manual.
Additional Functions
1. Use Memory Cards if required. Refer to page 281. See Memory Card Operations.
2. Check communications status with external devices if required. Refer to
page 278. See Checking I/O Status with External Devices (I/O Monitor).
1-5 Menus
1-5-1 Menus for One Camera
The structure of the menus is shown on the following pages.
16
Menus Section 1-5
P. 260
Scn
(0 to 31)
*1
*1
The structure of the
SET Menu will
change when two
cameras are
connected. Refer to
the next section for
details.
AdjustSET
Position
Measurement
(0 to 31)
Expression
Display
(0 to 31)
Shutter Speed
Light control
Filtering order (Position)
Filtering (Position)
BGS levels (Position)
Filtering order (Measurement)
Filtering (Measurement)
BGS levels (Measurement)
Calibration
1st region
(P0, P1)
1st direction
2nd region
(P2, P3)
2nd direction
Area (var. box)
Defect (var. box)
Gravity and area
Gravity and axis
OCR for 1 chara
Classification
Defect
Density data
Edge pitch
Edge position
Edge width
Gray search
Precise search
Flexible search
Labeling
Relative search
Rotation search
Variable
Data
Judge
P. 233
P. 3 8
P. 3 9
P. 4 2
P. 4 3
P. 4 5
P. 4 2
P. 4 3
P. 4 5
P.000
Sampling input
Specifying point
Specifying coordinate axis
Parameter input
Reference parameter
P. 2 0 6
P. 2 0 6
P. 2 0 6
*2
P. 2 0 6
P. 7 0
P. 8 2
Gravity and area
Gravity and axis
Edge position
Gray search
Labeling
Rotation search
Same as 1st region.
*2
P. 193
P. 198
P. 200
P. 202
P. 204
P. 5 0
P. 9 2
P. 128
P. 147
P. 163
P. 180
P. 5 0
P. 9 2
P. 1 0 0
P. 1 0 4
P. 1 1 4
P. 1 1 9
P. 1 2 3
P. 1 2 8
P. 1 3 7
P. 1 4 7
P. 1 4 7
P. 1 5 5
P. 1 6 3
P. 1 7 2
P. 1 8 0
P. 2 1 9
P. 2 2 0
P. 2 2 0
17
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