Omega Products DBA Installation Manual

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DBX, DBQ, DBA, DBB

High-Accuracy Decade Box

M3765/1201

Contents

Contents ................................................................................................. i

WARNING ............................................................................................... ii

CAUTION................................................................................................ ii

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1

Chapter 2

SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................... 2

Chapter 3

OPERATION ................................................................................... 5

3.1 Initial Inspection and Setup .................................................... 5

3.2. Connection ............................................................................ 5

3.2.1 General Considerations ................................................. 5

3.2.2 Electrical Considerations ............................................... 5

3.2.3 Four-Wire Kelvin Lead Connections ............................. 5

3.2.4 Thermal emf Considerations ......................................... 6

3.3 Dial Setting ....................................................................... 6

3.4 Environmental Conditions ...................................................... 6

Chapter 4

MAINTENANCE............................................................................ 7

4.1 Verification of Performance ................................................... 7

4.1.1 Calibration Interval ........................................................ 7

4.1.2 General Considerations ................................................. 7

4.1.3 Procedure ...................................................................... 7

4.2 Schematic .............................................................................. 7

Figures

Figure 1.1 DBX Series High-Accuracy Decade Box .............................. 1

Figure 2.1 Typical Operating Guide Affixed to Unit ................................. 4

Figure 3.1 Optimal 4-Wire Kelvin Lead Connection................................. 6

Figure 4.1 DBX Series Schematic Diagram ............................................ 8

i

WARNING

OBSERVE ALL SAFETY RULES

‘WHEN WORKING WITH HIGH VOLTAGES OR LINE VOLTAGES.

ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD. DO NOT OPEN CASE.

REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.

HIGH VOLTAGE MAY BE PRESENT WITH HIGH VOLTAGE OPTIONS.

WHENEVER HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES (> 45 V) ARE USED, TAKE ALL MEASURES TO

AVOID ACCIDENTAL CONTACT WITH ANY LIVE COMPONENTS:

- USE MAXIMUM INSULATION AND MINIMIZE THE USE OF BARE
CONDUCTORS.

REMOVE POWER WHEN HANDLING UNIT.

POST WARNING SIGNS AND KEEP PERSONNEL SAFELY AWAY.

CAUTION

DO NOT APPLY ANY VOLTAGES OR CURRENTS TO THE TERMINALS OF THIS

INSTRUMENT IN EXCESS OF THE MAXIMUM LIMITS INDICATED ON

THE FRONT PANEL OR THE OPERATING GUIDE LABEL.

ii

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

The Omega DB series of resistance decade boxes
is a family of instruments providing a very broad choice
of high-performance resistance sources. Any num­ber of decades from one to eleven is available in a
choice of accuracies.

The Omega DB decade box is a precision resis­tance source with excellent characteristics of stabil­ity, temperature coefficient, power coefficient, and
frequency response.

The Omega DB Series employs very-low-resistance
switches with silver alloy contacts. A special design

keeps zero resistance to less than 1 mΩ per decade.

Self cleaning keeps the silver contacts from becom­ing tarnished when unused, or when only low cur­rents are passed through them. This is most often the
case when only minute test currents are drawn by
digital multimeters or other test instruments. Contact
resistance is stable and remains low and repeatable.

High-quality gold-plated tellurium-copper binding posts
serve to minimize the thermal emf effects which would
artificially reflect a change in dc resistance measure­ments. All other conductors within the instrument, as
well as the solder employed, contain no metals or junc-

tions that could contribute to thermal emf problems.

The standard models offer a choice of one through
eleven decades. The panels are clearly labeled show­ing the step size and maximum voltage and current
limitations for each decade.

With a resolution as low as 1 mΩ and a maximum
available resistance of over 111 MΩ, the Omega DB

series may be used for exacting precision measure­ment applications requiring high accuracy, good sta­bility, and low zero-resistance. They can be used as
components of dc and ac bridges, for calibration, as
transfer standards, and as RTD simulators.

The Omega DB Series may be rack-mounted to
serve as components in measurement and control sys­tems.

Figure 1.1. DBX Series High Accuracy Decade Box

INTRODUCTION

1

Chapter 2

SPECIFICATIONS

For con venience to the user , the pertinent specif ications are giv en in an OPERATING GUIDE affixed
to the case of the instrument. Figure 2.1 shows a typical example.

SPECIFICATIONS

Resistance Total Stability Long Term Temperature Max. Maximum Maximum

per Decade Stability Coefficient Power current voltage

Step Resistance (±ppm/year) (±ppm/3 years) (±ppm/°C) (W/step) (per decade) (per step)

ΩΩ

1 m

Ω 10 mΩ 100 700 50 0.025 5 A 5 mV

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

10 m

Ω 100 mΩ 50 350 20 0.2 4 A 40 mV

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

100 m

Ω 1 Ω 30 50 20 0.25 1.6 A 0.16 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

1

Ω 10 Ω 10 2 5 20 0.6 0.8 A 0.8 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

10

Ω 100 Ω 10 25 15 0.6 0.25 A 2.5 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

100

Ω 1 kΩ 10 25 5 0.6 80 mA 8 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

1 k

Ω 10 kΩ 10 25 5 0.5 23 mA 23 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

10 k

Ω 100 kΩ 10 25 5 0.5 7 mA 70 V

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

100 k

Ω 1 M Ω 10 25 5 0.5* 2.3* mA 230 V*

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

1 M

Ω 10 MΩ 10 2 5 1 0 0.5* 0.7* mA 700 V*

ΩΩ

ΩΩ

10 M

Ω 100 MΩ 25 40 10 0.1* 0.1* mA 1000 V*

ΩΩ

*Subject to maximum of 2000 V.

Accuracy: After subtraction of zero resistance, at 23°C;
traceable to NIST.

DBX: ±(0.01% + 2 mΩ)
DBA: ±(0.05% + 2 mΩ)
DBQ: ±(0.02% + 2 mΩ)

Zero Resistance: <1 mΩ per decade, at dc; slightly higher

for 7-10 decades.

Maximum Voltage to Case: 2000 V peak.
Switch Type:
Switch Capacitance: <4 pF per switch, low-loss.
Terminals: Low-thermal-emf beryllium-copper binding posts with

standard 3/4 inch spacing, plus shield terminal; connections on the
rear of the instrument are available ( RO option). Single decade units
have solder-terminal connections.

11 positions; "0"-"10"; multiple solid silver alloy contacts.

2

Mechanical:

Model Dimensions Weight

1 decade 7.7 cm W x 7.7 cm H x 8.4 cm D 0.45 kg

(3" x 3" x 3.3") (1.0 lb)

2-4 decades 37.5 cm W x 8.9 cm H x 10.2 cm D 1.7 kg

(14.8" x 3.5" x 4") (3.8 lb)

5 decades 2.0 kg (4.3 lb)
6 decades 43.9 cm W x 8.9 cm H x 10.2 cm D 2.2 kg

(17.3" x 3.5" x 4") (4.8 lb)

7 decades 2.4 kg (5.3 lb)
8 decades 2.6 kg (5.7 lb)
9 decades

10 decades 5.3 kg (11.7 lb)

48.3 cm W x 17.8 cm H x 19.7 cm D
(19.0" x 7.0" x 7.8") (11.2 lb)

5.1 kg

SPECIFICATION

SINGLE DECADE UNITS

Single-decade units are available with
resistance as low as 1 mΩ per step to
as high as 10 MΩ per step. These units
satisfy many system applications re-

It may be panel mounted and inte­grated with additional units to form
potentiometer circuits or other con-

figurations.
quiring only a single decade while
maintaining all the quality features of
the DB series.

Each unit consists of low-inductance

resistors in series, with a high-perfor-

mance solid-silver-alloy-contact
Each decade is enclosed in an alumi-

switch.
num case which can serve as a shield.

ORDERING INFORMATION

Model*

(0.01% Accuracy)

DBX-1-0.001 0.01 1 0.001
DBX-1-0.01 0.1 1 0.01
DBX-1-0.1 1 1 0.1
DBX-1-1 10 1 1
DBX-1-10 100 1 10
DBX-1-100 1 k 1 100
DBX-1-1K 10 k 1 1 k
DBX-1-10K 100 k 1 10 k
DBX-1-100K 1 M 1 100 k
DBX-1-1M 10 M 1 1 M
DBX-1-10M 100 M 1 10 M

DBX-2-0.001 0.11 2 0.001
DBX-2-0.01 1.1 2 0.01
DBX-2-0.1 11 2 0.1
DBX-2-1 110 2 1
DBX-2-10 1.1 k 2 10
DBX-2-100 11 k 2 100
DBX-2-1K 110 k 2 1 k
DBX-2-10K 1.1 M 2 10 k
DBX-2-100K 11 M 2 100 k
DBX-2-1M 110 M 2 1 M

DBX-3-0.001 1.11 3 0.001
DBX-3-0.01 11.1 3 0.01
DBX-3-0.1 111 3 0.1
DBX-3-1 1.11 k 3 1
DBX-3-10 11.1 k 3 10
DBX-3-100 111 k 3 1 00
DBX-3-1K 1.11 M 3 1 k
DBX-3-10K 11.1 M 3 10 k
DBX-3-100K 111 M 3 100 k

DBX-4-0.001 11.11 4 0.001
DBX-4-0.01 111.1 4 0.01
DBX-4-0.1 1.111 k 4 0.1
DBX-4-1 11.11 k 4 1

Total Res.

ΩΩ

(

Ω)

ΩΩ

No. of

Decades

Resolution

Single Decade DBX Unit

Model*

ΩΩ

(

Ω)

ΩΩ

(0.01% Accuracy)

DBX-4-10 111.1 k 4 10
DBX-4-100 1.111 M 4 10 0
DBX-4-1K 11.11 M 4 1 k
DBX-4-10K 111.1 M 4 10 k

DBX-5-0.001 111.11 5 0.001
DBX-5-0.01 1.1111 k 5 0.01
DBX-5-0.1 11.111 k 5 0.1
DBX-5-1 111.11 k 5 1
DBX-5-10 1.1111 M 5 10
DBX-5-100 11.111 M 5 10 0
DBX-5-1K 111.11 M 5 1 k

DBX-6-0.001 1.111 11 k 6 0.001
DBX-6-0.01 11.1111 k 6 0.01
DBX-6-0.1 111.111 k 6 0.1
DBX-6-1 1.111 11 M 6 1
DBX-6-10 11.1111 M 6 10
DBX-6-100 111.111 M 6 1 00

DBX-7-0.001 11.111 11 k 7 0.001
DBX-7-0.01 111.1111 k 7 0.01
DBX-7-0.1 1.111 111 M 7 0.1
DBX-7-1 11.111 11 M 7 1
DBX-7-10 111.1111 M 7 10

DBX-8-0.001 111.111 11 k 8 0.001
DBX-8-0.01 1.111 111 1 M 8 0.01
DBX-8-0.1 11.111 111 M 8 0.1
DBX-8-1 111.111 11 M 8 1

DBX-9-0.001 1.111 111 11 M 9 0.001
DBX-9-0.01 11.111 111 1 M 9 0.01
DBX-9-0.1 111.111 111 M 9 0 .1

DBX-10-0.001 11.111 111 11 M 10 0.001
DBX-10-0.01 111.111 111 1 M 10 0.01

DBX-11-0.001 111.111 111 11 M 11 0.001

Total Res.

ΩΩ

(

Ω)

ΩΩ

No. of

Decades

Resolution

ΩΩ

(

Ω)

ΩΩ

* For less exacting applications, more economical tolerances are available:

- For 0.02% accuracy substitute DBQ in part number in lieu of DBX

- For 0.05% accuracy substitute DBA in part number in lieu of DBX

- For 0.1% accuracy substitute DBB in part number in lieu of DBX

SPECIFICATION

OPTIONS

- RM Rack mountable case for standard 19" rack

- K Kelvin type 4-terminal binding posts

- RO Rear output binding posts

3

DBX SERIES HIGH ACCURACY DECADE BOX

CONSULT INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR PROPER INSTRUMENT OPERATION

Resistor Type: Resistance wire for 0.1 Ω steps and under;

wirewound, noninductive for 1 Ω through 1 MΩ steps;

resistance film for 10 MΩ steps.

Accuracy: ±(0.01% + 2 mΩ) after subtraction of zero resistance,

at 23°C; traceable to NIST.

Zero Resistance: ≤1 mΩ per decade, typical at dc.
Power per Step: 25 mW for 1 mΩ steps;

0.2 W for 10 mΩ steps;

0.25 W for 100 mΩ steps;

0.6 W for 1 Ω through 100 Ω steps;

0.5 W for 1 kΩ through 1 MΩ steps;

0.1 W for 10 MΩ steps;
subject to a maximum of 2000 V.

Temperature Coefficient: <±50 ppm/°C for 1 mΩ steps;

Switch Type: Multiple solid silver alloy contacts.
Switch Capacitance: Less than 4 pF per switch, low loss.
Operation: If switches have not been operated for an

MODEL: DBX-7-0.1

<±20 ppm/°C for 10 mΩ through 1 Ω steps;
<±15 ppm/°C for 10 Ω steps;
<±5 ppm/°C for 100 Ω through 100 kΩ steps;
<±10 ppm/°C for 1 MΩ and 10 MΩ steps.

extended period, they should be rotated a
few times to restore contact resistance to
specifications.

SN: C1-02191540

WARNING

Observe all safety rules when working with high voltages or line voltages. Connect the (G) terminal to earth ground in order to maintain the case at
a safe voltage. Whenever hazardous voltages (>45 V) are used, take all measures to avoid accidental contact with any live components: a) Use maximum
insulation and minimize the use of bare conductors. b) Remove power when adjusting switches. c) Post warning signs and keep personnel safely away.

SPECIFICATION

Omega

One Omega Drive, Stamford, CT 06907-0047

www.omega.com

Figure 2.1. Typical Operating Guide Affixed to Unit

• Tel: [phone] • Fax: [phone]

• [e-mail]

4

Chapter 3

OPERATION

3.1 Initial Inspection and Setup

This instrument was carefully inspected before ship­ment. It should be in proper electrical and
mechanical order upon receipt.

An OPERATING GUIDE is attached to the case
of the instrument to provide ready reference to speci­fications.

3.2 Connection

3.2.1 General Considerations

The DBX Series Decade unit provides three termi-
nals labeled H (high), L (low), and G (ground). The
H and L terminals are connected to the ends of the
resistance being set; the G terminal is connected to
the case. The G terminal may be used as a guard or
shield terminal. It may also be connected (using a
shorting link) to either terminal to allow two-termi­nal as opposed to three-terminal measurements.

In order to make the most stable measurements,
determine which is the more sensitive of the two user
leads, i.e. the one going into a higher impedance.
This lead should be connected to the more protected
one of the two DBX terminals. That would either
be the DBX terminal that is shorted to the case, or
the LOW DBX terminal whenever neither is con-
nected to the case.

3.2.2 Electrical Considerations

In order to make proper use of the full performance
capabilities of the DBX unit, especially if low resis­tance or low-resistance increments are important,
care must be taken in connecting to the terminals of
the decade box.

In particular, in order to keep contact resistance to
a minimum, the most substantial and secure connec­tion to the binding posts should be made. They ac­cept banana plugs, telephone tips, spade lugs, alli­gator clips, and bare wire. The largest or heaviest
mating connection should be made, and, where ap­plicable, the binding posts should be securely tight­ened.

These considerations may be relaxed whenever
single milliohms are considered significant for the task
being performed.

3.2.3 Four-Wire Kelvin Lead Connections

Whenever possible, 4-wire Kelvin leads, the ideal
connection, should be employed. Such a connec­tion minimizes the effects of contact resistance and
approaches ideal performance.

If the four terminals are available as clamps similar
to alligator clips, they may be connected to the necks
of the binding posts. If the four terminals are avail­able separately, the optimal connection is shown in
Figure 3.1, where the current leads are introduced
into the top of the binding posts, and the voltage
leads at the necks.

OPERATION

5

Figure 3.1 Optimal 4-Wire Kelvin Lead Connection

3.2.4 Thermal emf Considerations

The highest-quality low-ernf components are used
in the DBX Series. There nevertheless may be some
minute thermal emf generated at the test leads where
they contact the gold banana jacks.

This emf will not reflect itself if an ac measurement
instrument is employed. It will also be eliminated if a
meter with so called “True Ohm” capability is used.
Otherwise it may represent itself as a false compo­nent of the dc resistance measurement.

To determine the resistance obtained when one or
more “10” settings are used, simply add “1” to the
next higher decade. For example, a setting of

3-6-10-0-10 Ω becomes:

3 30000
66000

10 1000

000

10 1 0

____________________________

TOT 3 7 0 1 0

and a setting of 10-10-10-l0-10.10 Ω

becomes:

10 1 0 0 0 0 0.0
10 10000.0
10 1 0 0 0.0
10 1 0 0.0
10 1 0.0

.10 1.0

________________________________

TOT 1 1 1 1 1 1.0

3.3 Dial Setting

Whenever the dials are used in positions 0-9, the
resulting resistance is simply read directly. Both the
decimal point and the steps are clearly marked on
the panel.

For additional flexibility and range, each decade pro­vides a “10” position setting. This “10” position on
any one decade equals the “1” position on the next
higher decade. It adds about 11% to the nominal
total decade resistance.

6

3.4 Envir onmental Conditions

For optimal accuracy, the decade box should be used
in an environment of 23
stabilize at that temperature after any significant tem­perature variation.

Humidity should be maintained at laboratory condi­tions. This is especially important if high resistances
are involved.

o

C. It should be allowed to

OPERATION

Chapter 4

MAINTENANCE

4.1 V erification of P erformance

4.1.1 Calibration Interval

The DB Series instruments should be verified for
performance at a calibration interval of twelve (12)
months. This procedure may be carried out by the
user if a calibration capability is available, by Omega,
or by a certified calibration laboratory.

If the user should choose to perform this procedure,
then the considerations below should be observed.

4.1.2 General Considerations

It is important, whenever testing the DBX Series
Decade Units, to be very aware of the capabilities
and limitations of the test instruments used. A resis­tance bridge may be employed, and there are di­rect-reading resistance meters or digital multimeters
available that can verify the accuracy of these units,
especially when used in conjunction with standards
that can serve to confirm or improve the accuracy
of the testing instrument

Such test instruments must be significantly more ac-

curate than ±(l00ppm+2 mΩ) for all applicable

ranges, allowing for a band of uncertainty of the in­strument itself. A number of commercial bridges and
meters exist that can perform this task; consult
Omega.

It is important to allow both the testing instrument
and the DBX Substituter to stabilize for a number
of hours at the nominal operating temperature of
23OC, and at nominal laboratory conditions of hu­midity. There should be no temperature gradients
across the unit under test.

Substantial Kelvin type 4-wire test terminals should
be used to obtain accurate low-resistance readings.
It is convenient, once the zero resistance has been
determined, to subtract it from the remaining mea­surements. This can be automatically done in many
instruments which have an offset subtraction capa­bility.

4.1.3 Procedure

1. Confirm the zero resistance of the unit.

2. Determine the allowable upper and lower
limits for each resistance setting of each decade
following the specified accuracy. For the
DBX series, these limits for any resistance

“R” are [R±(0.0001 R + 2 mΩ)]. For the A,

B, or Q series, see specifications.

3. Confirm that the resistances fall within these
limits after subtraction of the zero resistance.

4. If any resistances fall outside these limits, the
associated switch assembly may require
replacement.

4.2 Schematic

Refer to Figure 4.1 for a schematic of the DB de­cade unit.

MAINTENANCE

7

Figure 4.1. DB Series Schematic Diagram

8

MAINTENANCE

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The information contained in this document is believed to be correct, but OMEGA Engineering, Inc. accepts
no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.
WARNING: These products are not designed for use in, and should not be used for, patient-connected applications.

WARRANTY/DISCLAIMER

OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a
period of 25 months from date of purchase. OMEGA’s WARRANTY adds an additional one (1) month
grace period to the normal two (2) year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. This
ensures that OMEGA’s customers receive maximum coverage on each product.

If the unit malfunctions, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. O M E G A’s Customer Service
Department will issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request.
Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no
charge. O M E G A’s WARRANTY does not apply to defects resulting from any action of the purchaser,
including but not limited to mishandling, improper interfacing, operation outside of design limits,
improper repair, or unauthorized modification. This WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of
having been tampered with or shows evidence of having been damaged as a result of excessive corrosion;
or current, heat, moisture or vibration; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating
conditions outside of O M E G A’s control. Components which wear are not warranted, including but not
limited to contact points, fuses, and triacs.

OMEGA is pleased to offer suggestions on the use of its various products. However,
OMEGA neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors nor assumes liability for any
damages that result from the use of its products in accordance with information provided by
OMEGA, either verbal or written. OMEGA warrants only that the parts manufactured by it will be
as specified and free of defects. OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR
R E P R E S E N TATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE,
AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PA RTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. LIMITATION OF
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indemnification, strict liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price of the
component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be liable for
consequential, incidental or special damages.

CONDITIONS: Equipment sold by OMEGA is not intended to be used, nor shall it be used: (1) as a “Basic
Component” under 10 CFR 21 (NRC), used in or with any nuclear installation or activity; or (2) in medical
applications or used on humans. Should any Product(s) be used in or with any nuclear installation or
a c t i v i t y, medical application, used on humans, or misused in any way, OMEGA assumes no responsibility
as set forth in our basic WA R R A N TY/DISCLAIMER language, and, additionally, purchaser will indemnify
OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of the
Product(s) in such a manner.

RETURN REQUESTS/INQUIRIES

Direct all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department. BEFORE
RETURNING ANY PRODUCT(S) TO OMEGA, PURCHASER MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN
(AR) NUMBER FROM OMEGA’S CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPA RTMENT (IN ORDER TO AV O I D
PROCESSING DELAYS). The assigned AR number should then be marked on the outside of the return
package and on any correspondence.

The purchaser is responsible for shipping charges, freight, insurance and proper packaging to prevent
breakage in transit.

FOR WARRANTY RETURNS, please have the
following information available BEFORE
contacting OMEGA:

1 . Purchase Order number under which the product

was PURCHASED,

2. Model and serial number of the product under
warranty, and

3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems
relative to the product.

OMEGA’s policy is to make running changes, not model changes, whenever an improvement is possible. This affords
our customers the latest in technology and engineering.

OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.
© Copyright 2001 OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. All rights reserved. This document may not be copied, photocopied,

reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, in whole or in part, without the
prior written consent of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.

FOR NON-WARRANTY REPAIRS,

consult OMEGA
for current repair charges. Have the following
information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:

1. Purchase Order number to cover the COST

of the repair,

2. Model and serial number of the product, and

3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems

relative to the product.