Omega i User Manual

Monitor / Controller
CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn MMaannuuaall
User’s Guide
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The information contained in this document is believed to be correct, but OMEGA Engineering, Inc. accepts no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.
WARNING: These products are not designed for use in, and should not be used for, patient-connected applications.
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This device is marked with the international caution symbol. It is important to read the Setup Guide before installing or commissioning this device as the guide contains important information relating to safety and EMC.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part 1: Before You Begin ....................................................................................2
Part 2: Introduction to Digital Communication.................................................3
2.1 Overview.......................................................................................3
2.2 Definition of Terms ......................................................................3
Part 3: Hardware ...........................................................................................5
3.1 Communication Interfaces..........................................................5
3.2 Wiring RS-232 Interface .............................................................5
3.3 Wiring RS-485 Interface .............................................................6
Part 4: Communication Setup ............................................................................9
4.1 Flow Chart ....................................................................................9
4.2 Setup the i-Series Device Through the Front Panel ...............10
4.3 Abbreviations, Range, Default Setup.......................................10
Part 5: i-Series Protocol....................................................................................13
5.1 Command Structure ..................................................................13
5.2 Command Formats ....................................................................14
5.3 Response Format ......................................................................19
5.4 Error Message............................................................................20
5.5 Alarm Status Characters...........................................................20
5.6 Examples of Transmitted Data .................................................21
5.7 Command Formats ....................................................................22
5.7.1 Input Type (Command Index 07)...................................22
5.7.1.1 Input Type for Temperature/Process ...............22
5.7.1.2 Input Type for Process/Strain Gauge ..............23
5.7.2 Reading Configuration (Command Index 08)..............23
5.7.2.1 Reading Configuration for
Temperature/Process........................................23
5.7.2.2 Reading Configuration for
Process/Strain Gauge .......................................24
5.7.3 Linearization Points (Command Index 29) ..................24
5.7.4 Color Display (Command Index 11)..............................25
5.7.5 Alarm 1 Configuration (Command Index 09)...............25
5.7.6 Alarm 1 Low (Command Index 12) ...............................26
5.7.7 Alarm 2 Configuration (Command Index 0A) ..............26
5.7.8 Output 1 Configuration (Command Index 0C).............27
5.7.9 Output 2 Configuration (Command Index 0D).............27
5.7.10 Communication Parameters (Command Index 10).....28
5.7.11 Bus Format (Command Index 1F) ................................28
5.7.12 Data Format (Command Index 20)................................29
5.7.13 Miscellaneous (Command Index 24) ............................29
5.7.14 % Low and % Hi (Command Index 27 and 28).............30
5.7.15 Reading Scale and Offset
(Command Index 14 and 3A).........................................30
5.7.16 Grouping Commands with the Same Formats............33
i
Part 6: Modbus Protocol...................................................................................34
6.1 Introduction................................................................................34
6.2 RTU Mode ...................................................................................34
6.3 Device Address..........................................................................35
6.4 Function Code............................................................................35
6.5 Data Field....................................................................................35
6.6 CRC Checking............................................................................36
6.7 Modbus RTU Registers .............................................................37
6.8 Command Format ......................................................................38
6.8.1 Read Multiple Register (03 or 04) .................................38
6.8.2 Write to Single Register (06) ........................................39
6.8.3 Diagnostic Command ....................................................41
6.8.4 Error Response ..............................................................41
Appendix A Reading Scale and Offset .........................................................43
Appendix B ASCII Chart.................................................................................48
ASCII Control Codes .................................................................49
Appendix C Examples of CRC Calculation ..................................................50
Example of CRC Calculation in “C” Language...............................................53
LIST OF FIGURES:
Figure 2.1 Transmission of “c” ....................................................................4
Figure 3.1 DB9 and RS-232 Wiring ..............................................................6
Figure 3.2 DB25 and RS-232 Wiring.............................................................6
Figure 3.3 Multipoint, Half-Duplex RS-485 Wiring .....................................7
Figure 4.1 Flow Chart for Communication Option......................................9
LIST OF TABLES:
Table 3.1 Communication Interface ...........................................................5
Table 3.2 Wiring RS-232 Interface ..............................................................6
Table 3.3 RS-485 Half Duplex Hook-up......................................................8
Table 4.1 Abbreviations, Range, Default Setup ......................................10
Table 5.1 Command Prefix Letters...........................................................13
Table 5.2 Command Formats....................................................................14
Table 5.3 Command Letters and Suffix ...................................................14
Table 5.4 Command Letters and Suffix ...................................................16
Table 5.5 Echo Mode .................................................................................19
Table 5.6 No Echo Mode ...........................................................................19
Table 5.7 Error Message ...........................................................................20
Table 5.8 Alarm Status Characters ..........................................................20
Table 5.9 Conversion Number ..................................................................30
Table 5.10 Commands with Numeric Data Format ...................................33
Table 6.1 Function Code ...........................................................................35
Table 6.2 Modbus Registers .....................................................................37
Table A.1 Conversion Number ..................................................................43
Table A.2 Input Resolution Multiplier .......................................................43
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NOTES, WARNINGS and CAUTIONS
Information that is especially important to note is identified by following labels:
• NOTE
• WARNING or CAUTION
• IMPORTANT
• TIP
NOTE: Provides you with information that is important to successfully
setup and use the Programmable Digital Meter.
CAUTION or WARNING: Tells you about the risk of electrical shock.
CAUTION, WARNING or IMPORTANT: Tells you of circumstances or
practices that can effect the instrument’s functionality and must refer to accompanying documents.
TIP: Provides you helpful hints.
1
PART 1
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
Customer Service
If you need assistance, please call the nearest Customer Service Department, listed in this manual.
Manuals, Software
The latest Operation and Communication Manual as well as free configuration software and ActiveX controls are available from the website listed in this manual or on the
CD-ROM enclosed with your shipment.
Communication Menu
The Communication menu only appears with devices purchased with the RS-232C / RS-485 Serial Communications Option. Purchasing the controller with Serial Communications permits a controller to be connected directly to the PC’s available COM port. Device can be configured or monitored from an IBM PC compatible computer using software available on our CD or on our website.
To Disable Outputs
Standby Mode is useful during setup of the controller or when maintenance of the system is necessary. When the controller is in standby, it remains in the ready condition but all outputs are disabled. This allows the system to remain powered and ready to go.
1. When the controller is in “RUN” Mode, push d twice to disable all outputs and
alarms. It is now in “STANDBY” Mode.
2. Push d once more to resume “RUN” Mode.
PUSH d TWICE to disable the system during an EMERGENCY.
To Reset the Meter
1. When the controller is in the “MENU” Mode, push c down button once to direct
controller one step backward of the top menu item.
2. Push c twice to reset controller, prior to resuming “Run” Mode except after
“Setpoints” and “Alarms” that will go to the “Run” Mode without resetting the controller.
2
PART 2
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
2.1 Overview
This manual describes how to use a digital communication link and i-SERIES or MODBUS communication protocols to operate the i-Series controllers. It has been assumed that the user has some experience of communication protocols and some familiarity with i-Series controllers.
2.2 Definitions of terms
This guide is intended to help the user to become familiar with digital communication between a computer (or other controlling instrument) and one or more devices. User of this manual should be familiar with following definitions:
• Serial Communication is the exchange of the data one bit at a time on a single data line. Serial compares with parallel communication, which sends several bits of information simultaneously over multiple lines or channels.
• Interface are connections over which computers communicate. They may use one pair of wires to send information in one direction and another pair to send in the opposite direction (full duplex). They may also use one pair to send the information in both directions (half duplex).
• Bit is a unit of digital data (binary digit) either a “1” or “0”.
• Byte is a string of seven or eight bits, which represents a single character.
• ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) – is a 7-bit code defines
128 characters, which include digits, upper and lowercase letters, punctuation symbols, and control codes such as backspace, line feed, carriage return and so on. The ASCII code can be written in a base – 16 number system, called hexadecimal (“hex”). The first 10 digits of this system are represented by the numbers 0 through 9, and the other six digits are represented by the letters A through F. The 128 ASCII character code with the decimal, hexadecimal and binary equivalents is listed in Appendix B.
• Synchronous and Asynchronous Communications
There are two basic types of serial communications, synchronous and asynchronous. With synchronous communications, the two devices initially synchronize themselves to each other, and then continually send characters to stay in sync. Asynchronous means “no synchronization”, and thus does not require sending and receiving idle characters. However, the beginning and end of each byte of data must be identified by start and stop bits. The serial ports on IBM-style PCs are asynchronous devices and therefore only support asynchronous serial communications.
• Start and Stop Bits
The start and stop bits identify the beginning and end of each character and permit a receiver to resynchronize a local clock to each new character. The start bit indicates when the data byte is about to begin and the stop bit signals when it ends. The start bit is always a 0. The stop bit is always a 1.
3
• Parity Bit
Besides the synchronization provided by the use of start and stop bits, an additional bit called a parity bit may optionally be transmitted along with the data. A parity bit affords a small amount of error checking, to help detect data corruption that might occur during transmission. You can choose either even parity, odd parity or no parity at all. When even or odd parity is being used, the number of marks (logical 1 bits) in each data byte are counted, and a single bit is transmitted following the data bits to indicate whether the number of 1 bits just sent is even or odd.
For example, when even parity is chosen, the parity bit is transmitted with a value of 0 if the number of preceding marks (1’s) is an even number. For the binary value of 0110 0011 the even parity bit would be 0. If even parity were in effect when the binary number 1101 0110 is sent, then the parity bit would be 1. Odd parity is just the opposite, and the parity bit is 0 when the number of mark bits (1’s) in the preceding word is an odd number. Parity error checking is very rudimentary. While it will tell you if there is a single bit error in the character, it doesn't show which bit was received in error. Also, if an even number of bits are in error then the parity bit would not reflect any error at all. No parity ignores the parity bit. When transmitted, each character is preceded by a start bit and followed by a stop bit plus an optional parity bit, making train of 10 or 11 bits for each transmitted character. The Figure 2.1 below shows transmission of the 7 bits of the ASCII lower case “c” with start, stop and even parity bits.
• Baud Rate
The baud rate refers to the data transmission. It specifies the communication rate over the bus. When a change in signal represents one data bit, baud rate is equal to bits per second (bps). Standard baud rates for computers are 300, 600, 1200,2400, 4800, 9600 and 19200 baud.
Figure 2.1 Transmission of “c” with start, stop, and even parity bits.
• Communication Protocol
A data communication protocol defines the rules and structure of messages used by all devices on a network for data exchange. This protocol also defines the orderly exchange of messages, and the detection of errors. i-Series controllers use i-SERIES and MODBUS communication protocols.
7 - BIT CHARACTER
12345678
1
0
START BIT EVEN PARITY BIT
STOP BIT
4
PART 3
HARDWARE
3.1 Communication Interfaces
Two communication interfaces are supported in the i-Series devices: RS-232 and RS-485. These standards define the electrical characteristics of a communication network.
• The RS-232 standard (point-to-point) allows a single device to be connected to a PC. The i-Series devices operate with full-duplex RS-232 using three wires: a Rx - receive wire, a Tx - transmit wire and a common ground wire. RS-232 cable length is limited to 50 feet.
• The RS-485 standard (multipoint) allows one or more devices to be connected (multi-dropped) using a two wire connection (half-duplex) +Rx / +Tx and -Rx / -Tx. Use of RS-485 communications allows up to 32 “remote” devices to connect to the “master” computer with cable length up to 4000 feet long.
• Both interfaces use standard RS-232/RS-485 voltage levels.
Although the RS-485 is commonly referred to as a “two wire” connection, the i-Series also provides a ground / return shield connection to use as a common connection for EMI noise protection.
The Table 3.1 shows the differences between RS-232 and RS-485 communication interfaces.
Table 3.1 Communication Interfaces
Data Transmission Characteristics RS232 RS485 Transmission Mode Single ended Differential Electrical connections 3 wire 2 wire Drivers per line 1 driver 32 drivers Receivers per line 1 receiver 32 receiver Maximum data rate 20k bits/s 10M bits/s Maximum cable length 50 ft (15 meters) 4000 ft (1200 meters)
Changing between RS-232 and RS-485 is possible through front panel buttons (see Part 4 for details).
3.2 Wiring RS-232 Interface
Most PC’s provide an RS-232 port for digital communication. The RS-232 communication uses three wire full-duplex system: a line for receiving data, a line for transmitting data and a common line between the computer and device. Usually PCs use a 25 or 9 pin connector.
Caution: Do not connect power to your instrument until you have completed all serial interface connections. Failure to do so may result in injury.
5
Figures 3.1 and 3.2 show the three-wire RS-232 connections between the host computer using a 9-pin or 25-pin “D” connector and the i–Series device.
Figure 3.1 Wiring between DB9 computer connector and RS-232 controller interface
Figure 3.2 Wiring between DB25 computer connector
and RS-232 controller interface
Table 3.2 shows the pin connection assignments between the RS-232 connector on the meter and the 9-pin or 25-pin “D” connectors of your computer.
Table 3.2 Wiring RS-232 Interface
COMPUTER i-SERIES
FUNCTION/ PIN FUNCTION DB9 DB25 LABEL Receive (Rx) 2 3 Transmit (Tx) Transmit (Tx) 3 2 Receive (Rx) Common ground 5 7 RTN
3.3 Wiring RS-485 Interface
RS-485 interface uses a two wire communication system (one for transmitting and one for receiving) plus a common wire to connect to the shield of a cable. It is recommended to use a shielded cable with one twisted pair.
Use of twisted pair and shield will significantly improve noise immunity.
i-SERIES
1
2 3 4 5
DB-25 CONNECTOR
6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14
15 16 17 18
17
20 21 21 23 24 25
i-SERIES
1
2345
6
789
DB-9 CONNECTOR
6
Figure 3.3 shows multipoint, half-duplex RS-485 interface connections for i-Series.
Figure 3.3 Multipoint, Half-Duplex RS-485 wiring
Value of the termination resistor is not critical and depends on the cable impedance.
7
Table 3.3 shows RS-485 half-duplex hookup using a computer’s RS-232 interface, an RS-485 interface converter, and an i-Series controller.
Table 3.3 RS-485 Half-Duplex Hook-up
COMPUTER CONVERTER BOX i-SERIES
FUNCTION/
PIN FUNCTION DB9 DB25 COMPUTER i-Series LABEL
SIDE SIDE Rx/Tx 2 3 SEE CONVERTER’S -Rx/-Tx Tx Rx/Tx 3 2 MANUFACTURING +Rx/+Tx Rx
Common ground 5 7 SPECIFICATION COM RTN
Communication Interfaces shown above are those which used on i-Series devices. Other types of Communication Interfaces are not covered in this chapter.
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PART 4
COMMUNICATION SETUP
4.1 Flow Chart
Figure 4.1 Flow Chart for Communication Option
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4.2 Setup the i-Series Device Through the Front Panel
You can setup your device by pressing the push buttons on the front panel.
ENTER COMMUNICATION OPTION MENU:
Press a 1) Press a until
CNFG
prompt appears.
Press d 2) Display advances to
INPT
Input Menu.
Press a 3) Press a, until display advances to
COMM
Communication Options Menu.
Press d 4) Display advances to
C.PAR
Communication Parameters Submenu.
a - Use a to advance/navigate through all Communication Menu items. b - Press d to access the submenus from a top level of Communication Menu item.
Press d to store a submenu selection.
c
- Press bto scroll through “flashing” selection. When a numerical value is displayed, press bto change a value of this parameter.
d - Press c to go back to a top level of Communication Menu item. Press c twice to
reset the device to Run mode.
4.3 Abbreviations, Range, Default Setup
The Communication Menu Display items use some abbreviations and compact wording shown on Table 4.1.
Table 4.1 Abbreviations, Range, Default Setup
Display Function Range/ Definition Factory
(abbreviations) Default
C.PAR Communication
Parameter:
bAUd Baud rate 300, 600,1200, 2400
4800, 9600, 19200 9600
PRtY (odd_, EVEN, Parity Odd, Even, No odd _No_) dAtA (7.bit, 8.bit) Data bit 7 bit, 8 bit 7.bit StOP (1.bit, 2.bit) Stop bit 1 bit, 2 bit 1.bit bus.F Bus format: M.bUS Modbus protocol Yes – Modbus protocol enabled
No – i-Series protocol enabled _No_
_LF_ Line feed Yes – print on every other line
No – print on every line _No_
ECHO Echo Yes – echo the command _YES
parameter No – no echo
StNd (232C, 485_) Communication RS-232, RS-485 232C
Standard
ModE (CMd_, CoNt) Data Flow Mode Command – operate in Command CMd_
Mode (respond to valid command). Continuous – operate in Continuous mode (transmit different measurement values continuously on the bus).
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Abbreviations, Range, Default Setup Continued
SEPR (SPCE, _cR_) Data Separation Space – space inserted after each SPCE
Character piece of data.
Carriage Return – carriage return inserted after each piece of data
dAt.F Data Format: stAt Alarm Status Yes – enables the transmission of _No_
Alarms Value No – disable
RdNG Reading Yes – enables the transmission _Yes
of Reading Value No – disable
PEAk Peak Yes – enables the transmission _No_
of Peak Value No – disable
VALY * Valley Yes – enables the transmission _No_
of Valley Value No – disable
GROS ** Gross Yes – enables the transmission _No_
of Gross Value No – disable
UNit Units Yes – enables the transmission _No_
of Units of Measurement No – disable
AddR Multipoint Address 0000 to 0199 – Addressed Meter 0001 tR.tM Transmit Time 0000 to 5999 sec – transmission 0016
Interval Time Interval between consecutive
transmissions in Continuous Mode. Recognition 20 Hex to 7F Hex (32 to 127 Dec) * Character –see Table 2.1, except “^”, “A”,
“E”
* - For Temperature/Process instrument only ** - For Process/Strain Gauge instrument only
1. There is no Continuous Mode, when device is configured to use the RS-485 interface standard.
2. The Multipoint Address will be included in the transmission data if RS-485 standard has been selected in menu items.
3. Transmit time is available only when device has configured for Continuous Mode and RS-232 Standard.
4. If the meter is in point-to-point Continuous Mode, it ignores any transmitted commands except Crtl S, which will stop transmission.
11
Communications Parameters Submenu
Allows the user to adjust Serial Communications settings of the device. When connecting an instrument to a computer or other device, the Communication Parameters must match. Generally the default settings shown in Table 4.1 should be utilized.
Bus Format Submenu
Determines communications standards and command/data formats for transferring information into and out of the device via the Serial Communications Bus. Bus Format submenus essentially determine how and when data can be accessed via the Serial Communications of the device.
Data Format Submenu
Preformatted data can be sent automatically or upon request from the device. Use the Data Format Submenus to determine what data will be sent in this preformatted data string. At least one of the Data Format suboptions must be enabled to send output data to the Serial Bus.
Recognition Character
A selectable symbol transmitted as the first character of each message from the computer, which is used for message security: the meter ignores messages without this symbol.
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PART 5
i-SERIES PROTOCOL
To Enable the i-Series Protocol, set Modbus menu item to “No” in the Bus Format Submenu of the Communication Menu. Refer to Section 5.7.11.
A Data Communication Protocol defines the rules and structure of messages used by all devices on a network for data exchange. A typical transaction will consist of a request to send from the “master” followed by the response from the “slave”.
5.1 Command Structure
The device can be commanded to “Read”, i.e., to transmit (send) data from either the nonvolatile memory (EEPROM) or from the volatile working memory (RAM).
The device can also be commanded to “Write”, i.e., store new values for data processing or control.
There are different command types associated in communicating with your meter shown in Table 5.1, which shows the Command Prefix Letters (Command Classes).
Table 5.1 Command Prefix Letters
COMMAND PREFIX (COMMAND CLASS)
MEANING
^AE Special read, Communication parameters P (Put) Write HEX data into RAM W (Write) Write HEX data into EEPROM. 1,000,000 writes to EEPROM
is guaranteed!
G (Get) Read HEX data from RAM
R (Read) Read HEX data from EEPROM U Read status byte V Read measurement data string in Decimal format X Read measurement data values in Decimal format D Disable E Enable Z Reset
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5.2 Command Formats
Table 5.2 shows the command formats for i-Series devices.
Table 5.2 Command Formats
For “P” and “W” Command For “G” and “R” Command For “X”, “V”, “U”, “D”, classes: classes: “E”, and”Z” Command
classes:
Point-to-point mode Point-to-point mode Point-to-point mode
* ccc<data><cr> * ccc <cr> * ccc <cr>
Multipoint mode Multipoint mode Multipoint mode
* nnccc [<data>]<cr> * nnccc <cr> * nnccc <cr>
Where: “*” is the selected Recognition Character. You may select any ASCII table symbol from
“!” (HEX address “21”) to the right-hand brace (HEX “7D”) except for the caret “^”, “A”, “E”, which are reserved for bus format request.
“ccc” stands for the hex-ASCII Command Class letter (one of eleven given in Table 5.1), followed by the two hex-ASCII Command Suffix characters identifying the meter data, features or menu items to which the command is directed (given in Table 5.3).
“<data>” is the string of characters containing the variable information the computer is sending to the meter. These data (whether BCD or binary) are encoded into hex-ASCII characters, two characters to the byte. Square brackets (indicating optional status) enclose this string, since some commands contain no data.
“<nn>” are the two ASCII characters for the device Bus Address of RS-485 communication . Use values from “00” to hex “C7” (199 decimal).
Table 5.3 and 5.4 shows the command letters and suffix for i-Series devices.
Table 5.3 Command Letters and Suffix for Temperature/Process and Process/Strain Gauge Instrument
Command Command Function Command # Of Default
Index Bytes Characters Value
RW 01 SP1 3 6 200000 RW 02 SP2 3 6 200000
GPRW 03 RDGOFF 3 6 200000
RW 04 ANLOFF 3 6 400000 RW 05 ID 2 4 0000
-06 N/A - --
RW 07 INPUT 1 2 04
GPRW 08 RDGCNF 1 2 4A
RW 09 AL1CNFG 1 2 00 RW 0A AL2CNFG 1 2 00 RW 0B LOOP BREAK TIME 2 4 003B RW 0C OUT1CNF 1 2 00 RW 0D OUT2CNF 1 2 60 RW 0E RAMPTIME 2 4 0000
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