OKIDATA Microline 93, Microline 92 User Manual

OIQDATA

PERSONAL USER'S

MICROLINE

92

and

MANUAL

93

PRINTER

Printers

This manual

DA

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new simply advantage

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install and

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know

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92 and 93

additional assistance

your ask

in

many special features.

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dealer

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All

portions

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has

complete , accurate

is

assumes

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will

edition

no responsibility

control

thereof

.

by

affect

not

by

1983

in any

September 1983

other

OKI

insure

to

that

manufacturers and referred

applicability

the

DATA

.

form

that

up-to-date.

and

the results

for

changes in

of

Corporation.

reproduce this

to

right

software

the

information

the

information

the

of

in

OKI-

errors

and

in

to

book

MICROLINE

PERSONAL

92

PRINTERS

AND

USER'S

93

MANUAL

1.

SETTING

Unpacking .

Getting

Running Solo

Self Test

2.

CONNECTING

Matching Requirements Closing Up Wrapping Up

3.

RUNNING

Loading Paper

Indicator

TABLE

UP

..

....

Acquainted . .

.............

YOUR

.....................

WITH

Individual Sheets . Roll Paper

Installing Stand

Sprocket Paper

Installing Removing

Using Sprocket Paper

unit

Using Sprocket Paper

Paper Adjustments

Lights Adjusting TOF

Set Form F Lin e Form Length

ee

Feed

..

.

.. .

...

.....

YOUR

.....

.. .. ..

Tractor

(ML92

and

Pap

er . . .

Button

d

Button

Sel

OF

. .

.............

. . .

PRINTER

. .

..................

Control

. .

ection Dial

CONTENTS

...........

......

...........

..............

...

COMPUTER .

. .

......

.. ..

..

only)

..........

......

....

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.. ..

..

.

.....

......

.

Unit

.

......

...

.............

.

.......

...

..

.....

.

........

.

.............

..

......

..

.....

without

...........

with

tractor

Buttons

.

...

.

...

.....

...

.

.........

..

. .

......

.

.............

....

.

............

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... ...

...

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tractor

.

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unit

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. . 6

.

..

. . 25

... ...

.

..

. . 46

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..

Page

5

12 12

.

21

. 26

33 35

39 41 41 41 43 46

. 46

48 50 56 58 59 59 59 60 60

4. BELLS Using a

The BASICs A Word Char Correspondence

Printin g

AND

ac

ter

Softwar

About

WHISTLES .

e

Package

.........

Notation

Si

z

es

....

......

Quality

.........

........

.

....

..

and

.

....

..

..............

.

..

...

.......

.

.. ..

.

....................

..

........

Data Processing

.

......

...

.....

........

...

.......

..........

.....

63

. 65

67 75 76

..

. 78

iii

TABLE

Line Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Emphasized and Enhanced Printing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Underlining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Superscripts and Subscripts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Form Length, Top

Direct Line Skip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Vertical Formatting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Left Margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Horizontal Tabs

Indenting

Carriage Return and Line Feed

Cancel

Print Suppress

Custom-Designed Characters

APA

OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Character Spacing (Correspondence Quality

.

...

......

....

........

......

.....

.

.. ..

...

..

....

.......

....

.....

... ... ...

...

.

.........

.. ...

..

only) . . .

Character Column Tabs .

Dot Column Tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

.....................................

Downline Loadable Character Generator

Graphics

..................

Form, and Form Feed

of

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

..

....

.

....

..

...............................

.

........

. .

..

Page

80

.

87

90 94

96

101

. 103

104 105 1 06 106 112

5. MAINTAINING YOUR PRINTER

...

...........

Speed RS232-C Interface

High

...

.

..

APPENDICES

GLOSSARY

INDEX

iv

Troubleshooting

Making a Parallel Interface Cable

A.

Setting The

B.

Switches

Making an RS232-C Interface Cable

C.

Interface Connections and Switch Settings for

D.

Popular Computers

Dot Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E.

ASCII Character Code Chart

F.

Control Code Quick Reference Chart

G.

Specifications . .

H.

..................

...............

...

..............

........................

...

......

.....

. .

..

.............

.........

..

...........

.....

..

.

. ..

.....

....

......

..

. . .

.

121 121

A-1

B-1

C-1

D-1

E-1

F-1

G-1

H-1

160

Fast

time.

cps

bidirectional

throughput

ST

-

AND

printing

more

ARD

printing

FEATURES

can

be

completed

in

less

Emphasized Highlights

Correspondence

High

quality

Short-line

Buff

er

to

start

9-pin

stored

Allows

Extends

Printhead Automatic head

to

also

helps

Full

96

Lower Prints

Downline

Cr

eate

n

ee

ds

.

and

data

seeking

looks

ahead

printing

energy

printhead

the

printhead

temperature

switch

cool

down.

extend

character

case

characters

lower

case

Loadable

special

printing

enhanced

for

better

Quality

for

logic

at

n

ext

printhead

to

print

to

unidirectional

Printer

printhead ASCII

with

characters

Character

characters

printing

comprehension.

printing

your

line in

at

life

to

check

set

(standard

at

most

line

of

order

a

faster

200

halted life.

descenders

with

true

Generator

at

80

40

cps

important

data

-

to

rate

million

printing

if

necessary

descenders

or

descend

cps

documents.

determines

save

printing

using less

characters.

to

allow

.

This

(g

(DLCG)

er)

for

where

time.

power.

print

feature

j

p q

special

-

y).

Three Suit

1

line

P Superscripts

Makes it easy

the

i ne

92

93

Double

ermits

font

sizes :

character prints prints

width emphasis

10

size

up

to

up

to

characters

for

and

subscripts

to

print

cpi,

12

to

the

136

characters

233

characters

headlines

footnotes

cpi,

data.

or

17.1

per per

titles.

an d

cpi

At

1 7

.1 line , line.

formulas.

cp and

i,

the the

Micro- Micro

-

v

Continuous Underlining

Graphics

APA

Creates high-resolution

Electronic Vertical

pre-program up

Permits you

to

illustrations.

Format

Unit

positions.

Horizontal Tabulator

tab stops. Tabs

16

to

Allows column

6

Optional

Self Test

Insures

Versatile paper handling

For for or

paper can

For

print

tional

you

up

character mode.

or

8 lines per inch - program-controlled

and

permit

line spacing

printing

is

unit

printer

both

Microline

the

sprocket hole

fed

be

Microline

the

wide sprocket hole paper

9.5"

on

tractor

print

unit,

on inexpensive roll paper.

to

models,

permit

92)

forms

bottom

from

its

92,

and the

correctly

friction

printing

various

of

fixed-pin

optional

(VFU)

12 sets

to

can

more

without

and

of

set

be

printing

computer

tractor

either

on single sheet paper

continuous

or

widths;

rear.

platen allows

without

roll paper stand lets

vertical tab

dot

in

per page.

control.

feed (an

option

form

to

you the op-

Regular paper -

Capable

4,000

of

hours Mean

Provides

put.

15 minutes Mean

Quick

VI

turn-around

printing

more

to 4 parts

up

clear crisp

Time

on-line

Time

if

copy

Between Failures

more

for

time

Repair

To

needed.

is

repair

sheet

first

continuous

last.

to

through-

FOR

STARTERS

.•.

Congratulations on printer! pectations for reliability, economy, versatility and ease operation - and we're sure printer you'll be pleasantly surprised

We've designed this User's Manual to make it easy and run your printer, regardless 'Jf how you plan The manual

for a simple, direct introduction

and then later you can use it for quick day-to-day reference. We've in

your

Here's how the book started. It tells you how to set up and try printer using the built-in "Self even need a paper - a small

Chapter 2 tells you how computer. For this you'll need the following:

We

at

is

put

technical information

way if you

computer

a

computer

a phillips-head screwdriver with a shaft long, and

an interface cable

your

choice

OKIDATA know it

arranged so you can read through it quickly

don't

need it.

is

organized. Chapter 1 gets you

at

this stage,

but

important detail.

to

,

of

that

once you get

to

in

Test"

hook

your

the MICROLINE

will

meet your high ex-

to

know

at

what it can do.

to

your

printer's operation

the

back so it

out

feature. You

but

you do need

printer up

at

won't

your new

don't

to

least

4"

92/93

of

your

set up

use it.

get

your

The type puter you have. Your dealer right one for your computer.

and the inclination

necessary technical information You'll also need to set a few switches inside the printer so

it

will settings for many Appendix dealer has OKIDATA USERS TIPS to cover

of

cable you need depends on what kind

will

be

able to supply the

If

you have the know-how

to

make your own, you'll find the

in

Appendices A and

work properly with your computer. We've provided

of

the most popular personal computers

D.

If yours isn't included,

don't

panic -

other

of

com-

C.

your

systems.

in

Chapter 3 tells

what

buttons

By the print vanilla" you

do,

you've

time

information

out

- the normal on.

it

turn

operate

to

how

you

the lights mean, and

finished

that

a software package in

from printing

your

how

chapter,

printer

to

you'll

is

what

:

load paper.

able

be

"plain

when

for

set

the

to

about

you

elementary knowledge

an

if

but

programming. The

DATA

number

little

a

MICROLINE

famous

running

problems

book.

control

of

Information

uses

and walk

need

without

with

growing

a

with

printer

minor

find

of

computer

learn all

OKI

your

are

number

a

the

information

for

In Chapter 4 many special features. We'll show you

to

how each one.

follow

to

worry

don't

printing

your

for

assist

can

special hints

packages.

creative

be

to OKIDATA

durability.

keep

you

to

how

Finally, aids in the back on interfaces, specifications, setup

personal computers,

reference charts

quick

Standard Code

can

"language"

as

well

the jargon.

you'll

them,

use

You'll

the examples,

. Most software packages

features

software should explain

you

for

Experiment

printers

Chapter 5 gives you a

your

solve some

you 'II

your

a complete index and glossary

the

through

you're

how

USERS TIPS

of

you'll

and

their

for

few

top

in

if

appendices and reference

of

These give technical details

information on the character codes and ASCII

Interchange - the

talk

to

MICROLINE

they

how

some examples

a programmer,

not

use

you

let

instructions

Your

it.

do

to

that

popular

printer.

simple

form, they

to

software

how

see

reliability

tips

and tells

occur

for

printer},

your

you

help

92/93's

work

BASIC

of

special

dealer

provide

easy

and

help

to

you

.

popular

sets

(Ameri-

out

and

for

is

it

and

as

with

Take a few minutes to start setting up

the procedures

with also suggest

details on

for

you

2

your

check

how

printer

if

they

through this

read

-

know

you

computer

your

control

you'll

where

printing

before

book

feel more

you're

and software manuals

functions.

headed.

you

comfortable

We

If

you have any problems who can assist you, get

give

you fast, personal service. If

in

touch with

not

covered here, see

us

-

your

dealer

dealer,

can't

Technical

OKI

DATA

111

Gaither Drive

Mt. Laurel, N.J.

(609) 235-2600

Support

CORPORATION

Group

08054

3/

4

CHAPTER

Overview

You're probably anxious to see

you

connect

we

'II

identify some tional controls and tell to test its operation. All

supplied ribbon, some paper, and plug

if

you

on

you

'II

your

computer,

your

do

need

1

----------

printer to

of

not

have a grounded electrical outlet. Later

an

interface cable to connect

but

you'll

your

the printer's external parts and opera-

you

how

you

need

learn all about interfacing in the

Setting Up

your

printer perform. Before

computer, in this section

to

set

the printer up alone

is

the printer itself, the

an

adapter for the power

your

printer to

5

CHAPTER

of

First

you unpack it. The printer's

1

all, select a sturdy surface to place your printer after

"home"

should be:

well-ventilated away from direct sunlight away from heat-generating equipment

near your computer (naturally)

be inserting

on a slotted printer stand (if you

'II

paper from the bottom)

Printer

Unpacking

Remove the two top sections

Your

the packaging foam.

of

Carefully lift the printer (with the bottom packaging foam attached) with both hands, and remove it from the carton.

Set the printer down on a flat, sturdy surface.

Remove the packaging material, and remove the printer from its plastic cover.

you

case

in

carton

the

NOTE:

want

ever

Be

sure

to

store

to

save all

your

the

printer

packaging

ship it

or

material

in

anywhere.

the carton

Make

sure

that

these items are included

all

in

(refer to Figure 1-1):

printer

packaging foam)

platen knob (set tractor feed unit ( M icrol i

in

93 standard, M icrol i

ne

92 option)

ribbon and empty ribbon spool *

spare fuse (2.5 amp) *

*These items are packed together.

IMPORTANT: to interfacing

connect

your with

After

printer

your

read

you've

your

to

computer.)

chapter,

this

computer.

(See

you'll

Chapter

for

2

information

interface

need an

If you have purchased the Microline 92 printer, these paper

feed accessories are available to you:

54132001

the roll paper stand, OKIDATA Part

- the tractor feed unit, OKI DAT A Part

No.

54112101

6

ne

cable

on

-----------

Setting Up

Microline

Microline 93

92

Figure1-1 7

CHAPTER

1

-----------

Roll Paper

Stand

Tractor

Unit

8

Fig4re 1-2

Setting Up

You'll

notice

grounded

let,

you

can

The

printer

sion

plug

ing

prong.

Take

the

it

on

the

Match

section

the Press

platen

the

Remove

Open

shown

Remove

in

IMPORTANT:

ship

your

printer.

that

plug.

must

use a

purchase

must

(like an

platen

printer's

the

of

platen

the

shaft.

platen

the

shipping

the

in

place

Always

It

secures the

the

printer's

If

you

do

UL-approved

at

a

hardware

always

extension

knob

out

right

flat

section

the

platen

shaft.

knob

inward

Now

turns.

tie:

access the

figure .

the

shipping

during

shipment

remember

not

be

grounded,

cord}

of

side

(there

turn

cover

to

replace

printhead

power

have a

grounded

or

the

packaging

of

the

shaft,

until

the

by

pulling

tie

that

(refer

in place

cord

grounded

electrical

so

don't

which

is

a

hole

knob

and

fit

it

seats

platen

holds

to

this

shipping

to

protect

has a

adapter

supplies

use a

ignores

foam,

there

with the

knob

firmly

knob

it

up

and

the

Figure

tie whenever

it

3-pronged

electrical

that

store.

conver-

the

ground-

and

install

for

it):

the

flat

over

on

the

to

make

out

as

printhead

1-3).

you

from

damage.

out-

sure

If

you factory voltage

change

1.

2.

3.

have a

with

220/240

220 supplied the

position

Remove

tions Locate

c"

ircuit

the

on

page 27.

the

board

Figure 1-4).

Set

the

switch

V

selected.

to

your

of

upper

Voltage

VAC

printer

the

Voltage

cover

Select

directly

to

the

model,

If

you

to

by

behind

left

side

your

want

240

V,

Select

following

Switch

the

for

printer

to

change

you'll

Switch:

on

the

power

230

or

the

cord

left

the

have

instruc-

power

(see

240

V.

to

9

CHAPTER

1

-----------

Platen knob

10

Figure 1-3

---------------

Setting

Up

Circuit

breaker

Figure

1-4

11

CHAPTER

Getting Acquainted

Let's take a closer look

the printer controls identified and illustrated here (see Figure

1-5)

will

1

be explained

at

the printer. The

in

detail later

in

Chapter 3.

components

and

_Running

Now we're going to show you how for running cedure that

You'll it in, and printing the self test.

If

you're more adventurous and familiar with tems and printers, you can install the ribbon page 14 , then skip this section and proceed directly 2 for instructions on connecting ter. Chapter 3

accessories such stand, and how to operate the printer manually with its operator controls.

If

vou want low these instructions to print the self test.

Printing the Self Test Before you start make sure the printer

First-

Remove the printer's access cover.

"Solo"

to

prepare

"solo"

will

take only a few minutes and

your printer

be

loading the printer with ribbon and paper, plugging

to

-

that

is,

without

is

operating properly.

will

show you how

as

the tractor feed unit or the roll paper

test the water before taking the plunge, fol-

the

your

printer

to

load paper, install any

is

your

computer.

will

reassure you

computer

as

described on

to

your

off and unplugged.

printer

This pro-

to

compu-

sys-

Chapter

Second-

Remove the shipping tie from the printhead if you haven't

already.

place this tie to

shipment.

If

you ever have to ship the printer, be sure

protect

the printhead from damage during

12

to

re-

Setting Up

Front

Control

Upper cover

Tractor feed

unit

On/Off

switch

AC power cord

_J-

connector

Figure 1-5

serial interface

13

CHAPTER

Third-

Install ribbon

These instructions apply

you must use genuine OKIDATA ribbon because it

that contains a special chemical which lubricates the pins printhead constantly during printing. If you use any

ribbon, the printhead warranty may be voided.

1

both printer models. Remember

to

the

in

other

When you change the ribbon the handy installation diagram on access cover.

Installing or Replacing Ribbon:

1. Make sure the printer replacing ribbon, discard the full ribbon spool

When

2. and save the empty spool.

of

that

the ribbon (sometimes there

of

Figure 1-8).

to

will

the spool .

of

14

3. Loosen the end

4. Mount the full ribbon spool on the right spool shaft (as you face the printer from the front) . Make

the ribbon winds counter-clockwise, and

that

sure

the ribbon drive pin fits into the pinhole

that

the ribbon spool (see Figure 1-6).

center

5. Thread the loose ribbon end Read these hints before you start threading the ribbon.

of

careful not to twist

Be Make sure the ribbon guide rollers and around the ribbon guides. The ribbon must and the printhead .

Make sure direction. When you reach the left side, hold the spool so the arrow faces the full spool. Attach

the end

the ribbon for this) to the hook on the empty

in spool core, and wind the ribbon

(refer

Make sure that the metal eyelet on the ribbon

on the spool side

is

it isn't, lift the ribbon

If

the spool side. This

to

the ribbon

the end

the future, you can refer

in

the

reverse side

the

OFF.

is

the new ribbon.

shown

as

fold the ribbon.

or

threaded through the

is

between the ribbon shield

go

the ribbon winds

the eyelet

of

and move the eyelet

up necessary

is

change direction when it gets to

of

Figure

in

the correct

in

empty

the spool

onto

detector

insure

to

in

a hole

is

lever.

the

1-7

that

to

.

----------------

Setting

Up

Ribbon

spool

spool shaft

-----1~\

Figure 1-6

Ribbon

drive

15

CHAPTER

Ribbon

Eyelet detector

lever

-----------

1

Ribbon shield

Eyelet detector lever

16

o-_o

Im

Hook

up~~::.C_-

-

Take

spool

~

Figure 1-7

c--------C:==

-

______

Figure 1-8

@·.---Feed

~

spool

Setting Up

6. Mount the shaft, engaging the pinhole

empty

ribbon spool on the left spool

of

the ribbon spool with

the ribbon drive pin.

7.

Adjust the tension

in

the ribbon by turning the

spools .

We

recommend

printer. Genuine OKI DAT A ribbon

that

you purchase

extra

ribbon for

is

available from

your

dealer.

CAUTION: OKI lubricates

DATA

Use

ribbon

the

printhead

of

any

is

other

required

constantly

type

since

of

ribbon

it

is

specially treated

during

printing.

may void

printhead

with

a substance

warranty.

Fourth-

Load paper:

NOTE: tion

To make things easier and from the rear

ML92

B on

A.

Microline

owners read section A

page

19.

92

to

load paper.

ML93

owners skip

The Microline 92 can accommodate several types including roll paper, sprocket paper tractor-fed, or individual sheets

to

let you see your printer

its

stuff

as

soon

as

possible, insert a piece

of

the Microline 92. Once you've seen

of

that

paper .

is

either pin-fed or

of

typewriter paper

of

to

paper

do

your printer test itself with the self test, and have connected it to

your

computer

Chapter 3 for instructions on how

paper and for information

for now, let's get

aft

er reading Chapter 2, you can refer to

to

insert

other

types

about

paper specifications. But

your

printer rolling as quickly as possible.

that

sec-

of

Inserting typewriter paper If

you've inserted paper into a typewriter, you'll have no

problem with

your

printer (refer to Figure 1-9).

First set the head-gap adjusting lever

lock the paper release lever (position 0

in

the Microline

92

to

position 1 and un-

=open).

See Figure

1-9.

Take one standard sheet from the rear

reaches the front

of

the platen, and push it through until it

of

typewriter paper and insert it

the platen.

17

CHAPTER 1 ----------

~~c~o

' ,

:::::--_

~

1:1

~

Paper release

lever

18

Figure 1-9

Setting Up

Pull

the tear-off bar away from the platen, so the paper between it and the platen. Make sure the paper push the tear-off bar against the platen.

Close the paper release lever (position C =close) and raise the paper guide.

is

even, then

fed

Move the turning the platen knob away from you.

Replace the access cover.

Step back and admire your work, then go the next steps.

Fourth-

Lo

ad paper:

B.

Microline 93 Since the self test on the Microline 93 entire width column) paper. Otherwise the printhead or the platen could be

damaged.

For this local print

of

the tractor unit and simply insert one sheet paper . Now you'll be feeding the sprocket paper by friction instead (For continuous printing on sprocket paper, however, recommend installing the tractor feed unit first

on page 46.)

Here's what you Set the head-gap adjusting lever paper release lever (position 0

paper to where you want the printing

is

printed over

of

the platen, you must use

or

self test, you can skip the installation

by

the

tractor

do:

unit. Refer

to

=open).

16"

to

Figure

position 1, and unlock

to

start

to

page

21

wide (or 132

of

sprocket

1-1

0.

as

described

by

for

the

we

the

Insert the paper from the rear insert paper unt

il

it reaches the

Pu

ll

the column indicator away from the platen so the paper feeds between it and the platen, and push the column indica- tor

against the platen again, while placing the pressure rollers

near either e

in

a typewriter, and push the paper through

front

dge of

th e paper.

of

the platen.

the platen

as

you would

19

CHAPTER

1

20

Figure 1-

10

---------------

Setting

Up

Lock the paper release lever (position C

tion

is

usually reserved for friction feed.

to

Move the paper

the point where you want printing

=close).

This posi-

to

start

by turning the platen knob. Now

that

you're ready

the following to see how

to

roll with ribbon and paper, read

to

run the local print test.

Fifth-

Make sure

that

the printer's

ON/OFF

switch

is

in

the

OFF

position.

CAUTION: cord printer.

into

an

Always

remember

outlet.

Otherwise, a power

to

turn

the

surge

printer

might

OFF

before

cause severe damage

plugging

its

power

to

the

Sixth- Plug the printer's power cord into a grounded electrical

out-

let. The printer must always be grounded . Seventh-

Turn the printer ON. The SEL and POWER indicators should light up.

IMPORTANT:

turn

the

ever the

printer

Don't

on.

is

turned

be

surprised when the

It

returns

to

ON.

its

"home"

printhead

(the

far

moves

left

as

soon

of

the carriage)

as

you

when-

Eighth-

Run the self test.

CAUTION: since its

The test pressing the SEL

print

Be

sure

you

test

will

have loaded the

extends

the

entire

repeat itself indefinitely until you stop it by

button, or

paper.

1. Turn the printer

2. Push the LINE FEED

3. Turn the printer

4. Release the LINE FEED seconds.

ML93

with

width

of

the

132-column

platen.

until the printer runs

OFF

.

ON

button

again.

and hold it down.

button

after

or

out

about

16"

of

two

wide

paper,

21

CHAPTER

5. The printer

1

will

6. Press the SEL

Here's what the printer

print

button

will

local print test.

the

stop the test.

to

print (Figure

1-11

).

The print test shows the 96 standard ASCII characters

printed continuously until you press the

is

a pattern

SEL

Where do you

Chapter 2 tells you how to

that

button

stop the print test.

to

here?

from

go

connect

your Microline printer

in

to your computer. Chapter 3 tells you how to load your printer with various

use

to

all

the

install accessories, and how

types

paper, how

of

to

the printer's manual controls. You'll be able

data processing

standard features, including printing

10

about

of

how

mode, with character pitch

6 lines per inch.

and line spacing Chapter

tions

4

the ML92 and ML93 printer through programming.

of

tells you

all

in

characters per inch (cpi),

use the special func-

to

22

----------------

Setting Up

REVISION

!

"#$1-&'

!

"#$1-&' "#$1-&' #$1-&'

$1-&' 1-&'

8.-'

'<) )*+,

*+, +, , - .

- .

/

0123456789:;

123456789:;

23456789:; 3456789:; 45 56789:;

< >

C >

<

>

*+,

<>*+,

-

./0123456789:;

- . / /0123456789:;

./0123456789:;

/0123456789:;

01

2

3456789:;

6

789:;

6789:;

789:;

89:;<

9:;

<=>?

NO.

=

< >

*+,

< >

*+,

<>*+,

*+,

- ./0123456789:;

-.

*+,

-.

/IZ:123456789:;

- . /

0123456

-.

/01

2

./0123456789:;

3.0

-.

/0123456789:;

-.

/012345678'3:;

-.

/012345678'3:;

/0123456789:;

789:

345678'3:;

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP

<=>

?f!IABCDEFG

<=>

?1:!1ABCDEFGH

<=>

?•:!IABCDEFGHI

<=>

?•:!IABCDEFGHIJ

<=>

?•!IABCDEFGHIJK

<=>

?•:!IABCDEFGHIJKL

;

<=>

?•:!IABCDEFGH

<=>

?•!IABCDEFGHIJKLMN

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQ

012345678'3:;

<

=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQR

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRS

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST

<=

>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU

<=

>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV

<=

>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW

<=

>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX

<

=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

<=

>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J

<

=

>?@ABCOEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J

=>?

@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J

: ; <=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J

;

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J

<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J A

=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\J A

>

?

•!!ABC

I

JKLM

A_

A_•

A_

'a

A

_•at

_•abc

_•abcd

~

Figure1-11

23/24

CHAPTER

Overview

Your printer can perform certain functions

print a

forms. Since these functions printer performs not

communicating with a computer.

2

_____

self

test, advance paper,

them

OFF

Connecting Your Printer

set

page lengths and top

are

printer-controlled, the

LINE

(or deselected} - that

by

itself

It can

of

is,

However, when the printer is pects to receive data and instructions from a tem. The data through from Apples

printer to

each

end

The interface cable

computer or serial. Your dealer to

connect

or 93 printer. Or Of

course,

you

may instructions provided in and

Appendix

a cable or printer function switches and plugs to particular application. Serial interfaces have two additional switch banks to set and

The

best properly answers to the questions which follow. However since can't guarantee some

of

them- we've provided the switch settings for popular computers in there, ask

provide interfacing information for

is

sent

from the

an

interface cable. How that

TM

to Zeniths

your

computer

of

the cable

is

set

your

if

you

want to

make

way to

is

to

look

your

C

you

dealer

into

you

up to

send

may

particular

you

can have one made.

're

experienced with cabling and electronics,

make

for serial interfacing.

one yourself,

know

how

in

your

'II

find all the answers there- or even

Appendix about

ON

LINE,

computer

TM.

Basically, connecting

is

often

not

a socket.

purchase will match the way

(and receive) data - either parallel

have

an

computer

your

own

cable

Appendix

you

they

are

described in

to

set

the function switches

computer

D.

OK/DA

or

selected,

computer

to

the printer

is

accomplished varies

as

simple

interface cable designed

to

your

Microline

by

following the

A for parallel interfacing

But

whether

will have to

comply

Appendix

documentation for the

If

your

system

TA

USERS TIPS which

many

computers.

as

plugging

you

set

internal

with

your

isn't listed

it

your

most

ex-

sys-

92

buy

B.

we

25

CHAPTER 2 ------------

Matching Your Computer's Requirements

see

if

Check Appendix D to it

is

, go to page 27 for instructions on opening the printer and setting the switches. If your computer isn't listed Appendix following questions- use a pencil and you' a step later.

1.

2.

3. Does your computer generate a carriage return (CR)

4.

5. What type

D,

find your computer manual and answer the

Which character set A.

US

ASCII

B. British

C. German

D.

French J. Radio Shack TRS-80 (Yes

E.

Swedish it has its own language!)

F.

Danish

Will

you ever

A. 8

Yi

B.

8 inches long

C.

Neither

and a line feed (LF) A.

Yes

B.

No, just a carriage return

Do

you want the DELETE code (127D) to print

as

a•?

A.

Yes

B.

No, ignore the DELETE code

A. Serial

B.

Parallel

be

inches long

of

interface do you have?

your computer

will

you

be

G.

Norwegian

H.

Dutch

I. Italian

printing on paper

at

the end

is

listed there. If

ll

save yourself

using?

that

of

a line?

is

...

in

See

if

your answers match the list below.

need to change the switch settings and can go to page 33.

1.

A

2.

A or C

3. B A

4. A Print the DELETE code

5. B Parallel interface

If your answers didn 't match ours, you're going reset the switches. Before you begin, you're going to need a

US

ASCII

8Yi

inches long/neither

LF

is

not generated

If

so, you do

as

a•

to

26

not

have to

------------

Connecting Your Printer

phillips-head screwdriver with pencil you were using

to

at

least a

4-inc,:h

shaft and the

answer the questions. Figure

illustrates how you reach the function switches.

1. Turn

off

your

printer and unplug it.

2. Remove the access cover by holding the clear plastic window and lifting up .

3. If installed, remove the roll paper stand, tractor unit

and paper .

4.

Pull

off

the platen knob .

5. Loosen the mounting screws which are recessed on right and left Lift

off

the cover by pushing it backwards

release it from the hook

front

sides

in

of

the upper cover.

the back

of

to

the printer.

6. Find the eight function switches which are to the right

of

the

Front

Operating Panel.

7. Using a pencil tip or a sharp pointed instrument,

slide the switches to the right (OFF)

(ON)

to

8. If your now to set

comply with your

computer

the

is

listed

function switches to conform with

computer's

in

Appendix

or

to the left

requirement.

D,

go there

your application. If it's not there the questionnaire on the following pages

will

explain the proper settings

(OFF or ON) for your computer.

2-1

QUESTION #1 Which character set

A character set

special symbols

is

a complete set

of

a language.

will

you

of

letters, numbers and

US

ASC

11

is

the most common

be

using?

selection, although TRS-80 owners must use their own character set (See Fig. 2-2) . This chart illustrates the special symbols and characters

of

the

other

languages. To select a

special character set, locate the one you want on the table at

the

top

of

page 29 and set switches 1 through 4 Switches 1 through 4 act character set

that

is

printed.

in

combination to determine

as

shown.

the

27

CHAPTER

___________

2

_

28

FORM

LENGTH

TOF

,.

•

~

~B~f

,

.o

Cij

]

)

~

SEL PAPER

0 0 0

EJ

Operating Panel

Front

FORM

§

Figure

2-1

POWER

LINE

[gill

Function switches

t

CD=

=

...

"'=

·=

"'=

N=

-=

ON-

---H

OFF

ON

------------

Connecting Your Printer

CHARACTER SET

US

ASCII {already set)

British

German

French

Swedish

Danish Norwegian Dutch Italian Radio Shack TRS-80

Figure 2-2 i

.

Language US BRITISH

GERMAN FRENCH SWEDISH DANISH

NORWEGIAN

DUTCH

ITALIAN

ASCII ITAS-801

ASCII

standard

11

ustrates the character set differences.

SWl

OFF OFF ON OFF

ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF

1

2

3

4

6 6 7 8

[

@

#

£

§

A

£

a

E

A

A: A:

£

§

£

I

0

cl> cl>

IJ

r;:

\

r;:

I

0

§

A A A

ii

- -

0

2

OFF OFF OFF ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON ON ON ON ON OFF OFF OFF

OFF

ON

OFF

A

ii

u

I

II

ii

II

ee ee

i\

3

9 10

I

0

u

ti

¢

</>

ij

0

OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF

ON ON ON

I

0

a

A A A

e

4

11

-

B

A

0 0

I

-

Difference among languages {Same

as

Figure 2-2

QUESTION

This question may seem unusual

is

that

#2

Will

you ever

or

8 inches long?

OKI

DATA printers are marketed worldwide and,

be

using paper either

to

you. The reason it's there

happens, the standard paper size differs

(8

Yi

inches wide by

by

11

inches). This becomes a problem only when setting 6

11

inches) from Europe

US

ASCII if blank)

in

the United States

{8

inches wide

8Yi

inches

as

it

is

29

------------

CHAPTER

used on the Form Length

Operating Panel.)

Front

that

paper

you are going

If

long, Switch 5 must be set

2

inches long, Switch 5 must be set

Y2

8

is

be printing on paper that

to

(located on the left

Dial

you're

If

to

going

OFF.

be printing on

to

8 inches

is

of

to

the

ON.

Does your

QUESTION

Some

of

end

both to prevent overprinting.

vide an LF, the printer inserts one when Switch 6

When

.

ON

without

QUESTION

When you are running a program you may require the print -

of

ing

Older computers use the delete code

the backspace command to make corrections.

today do not use the delete code and most printers

of backspace including the best to ignore the DELETE code by setting Switch 7 to

QUESTION

While you

an RS232-C

of

do

you puter uses.

the

in or current loop interface, set Switch 8 to the

Incidentally, serial interface boards have additional function switches so make sure you turn to Appendix B after you finish this chapter.

#3

return (CR) and a line feed {LF) at the end

a line?

of

computer

a line and some just send the CR. The

adding an LF.

the DELETE code and

have to know the name

OFF

systems send the printer a CR and an L

Switch 6

#4

#5

don't

If

position.

is

you want the DELETE code (127D)

Do printed or ignored?

your interface parallel or serial?

Is

need to know

IEEE 488 {pronounced I Triple

or

you have a parallel interface, leave Switch 8

computer

If

the printer responds to a CR

OFF,

will

92 and

ML

all

you have an RS232-C, IEEE

If

generate a carriage

printer

computer

the

need Switch 7 set to

conjunction with

in

ML

the electronic ins and outs

the interface your com-

of

doesn't

Computers

93. Therefore it

ON

requires

set

is

E)

488,

side.

pro-

do

cable,

Fat

to

ON

not

is

OFF

the

.

30

____________

Now

that

you've set the function switches on the Operating Panel, you may have to set two jumper plugs (also known printer. If you have a parallel interface, you board

a serial interface, there to

each other. The small board which we're not interested one

is

the two jumper plugs are housed.

as

shorting plugs) located

in

the last slot

the control circuit board and

at

the back

will

Connecting Your Printer

Front

at

the rear

of

the

printer.

be two circuit boards piggybacked

is

the serial interface board,

in

at

the moment. The larger

that's

the board where

of

will

see a circuit

If

you have

the

The jumper plugs (SPl and SP2) are found on the

side

of

the control circuit board middle, and are factory-set In

most instances they should not be changed unless dealer or technical are difficult to for three gold posts with white plastic plugs, labeled SPl A and

B,

SP2, A and

the

jumper plugs.

printer, the plugs SPl

is

set

to Side A to accept DCl and the print suppress mode. (DCl notifies the the printer

data except the DCl code. See page 105 for details.)

Moving Jumper Plugs

If

your the settings instructions:

For serial interfaces, remove the two mounting screws

the back seven connectors before lifting up the board. Make sure you

identify each

it was removed from so reinstalling the board. masking tape around the connector plug wire with the cor- responding socket l.D. number written on the tape.)

is

dealer or technical

of

the control circuit board. Then disconnect the

support

spot

at

first, since they are very small. Look

B.

Figure

If

this

is

will

be set

Side B

connector

to

receive 8 bit

ready;

DC3

deselects the printer, ignoring

the jumper plugs,

plug

that

(We

to

the

bottom

to

work with most computers.

has told you to do so. They

2-3

indicates the location

the first time you've opened

as

follows:

data

and SP2

DC3

codes

in

order

computer

support

they are

recommend wrapping a piece

has advised you to change

use

the

following

in

relation to which socket

not

interchanged when

component

right

is

set

to

regulate

of

the

your

of

your

to

that

all

on

of

For parallel and

by grasping

thew

se

i

al

interfaces, change the jumper plugs,

1ite

plastic plug and pulling it from

the

31

CHAPTER

2

___________

_

\::::::===::-;;-=

\J

:::

..

;-,v

-~

":

~

~Connector

Jumper

plugs

Side A Side B

A B A B

32

Figure

2-3

f®

7-

f@

Print

bit

code

Side A

A B

suppress

valid

sP1

~

8-

bit

code

Side B

A B

sP2

~

Print

suppress

invalid

------------

Connecting

Your

Printer

for

A)

of

de-

or the left (side

posts. Move it

two

making sure

that

Once you have set

the right (side

to

the middle post

switches on the

the

B)

always covered.

is

Operating Panel

Front

and the jumper plugs on the control circuit board, those

Appendix B

you with serial interfaces should go

to

tails on adjusting the serial board for proper operation with

you with parallel interfaces can close

computer. Those

your

of

the printer up now by following the instructions below.

: When

NOTE

mounting

board's

Closing Up

Replace the upper cover making sure it

1.

are finished

you

screws are tightened .

working

inside the

make sure the ci rc

printer

properly

is

uit

aligned. Tighten the captive mounting screws on the

2. the printer.

of

sides

the hole on the right side

3. Put the platen knob

in

front

of

the printer and push it firmly into place.

4. If you wish, replace the

tractor

unit or roll paper

stand.

Insert paper (see page 41) and ribbon. (See page 14.)

5.

Replace the access cover.

6.

you

7. At this

have

point

not

assistance. Those

you need an interface cable.

yet purchased one,

you who are making

of

contact

If

your dealer for

own

your cable should refer to Appendix A for parallel cabling or Appendix C for serial cabling information.

PARALLEL

FOR

WARNING

: Make sure the

Take the 36-pin plug end

to the 36-hole amphenol 57-40360 the printer. The cover

INTERFACE

is unplugged a

printer

the parallel cable and

of

snap into place and the triangular-

will

ed

turn

nd

connector

off.

connect

at the back

of

shaped wire ends will bend forward when properly seated to secure the plug

in

interface, just push

connector

the

the wire ends

in

. (When disconnecting the

release the plug.)

to

See Figure 2-4.

it

33

CHAPTER

2

----------

Loc,lever

~

34

Figure

'

I

~Connect

2-4

computer

\_Receptacle

to

------------

The

other

end

of

the cable should go into the computer .

Refer to your

setup requirements.

FOR SERIAL INTERFACES:

computer

documentation for its cabling and

Connecting

Your

Printer

WARNING : Make sure th e

The plate

at

the back

36-hole parallel receptacle. (See Figure 2-5.) If it

printer

is

unplugged and

of

the printer should be covering the

turned

off.

is

covering

the serial receptacle, remove the screws and plate and cover

the parallel connector on the left. Take the 25-pin Cannon

DB-25P (or equivalent) plug and snap it over the 25-hole

Cannon DB-25S serial interface connector . Tighten the

lock screws located on both indented sides

Connect the to your ing

the cable into the proper connector

Now

that

other

end

of

the cable into the computer. Refer

computer

documentation for instructions on install-

you have your interface cable connected and switches set, you are ready to go. Plug turn it on. Try this quick

mand

in

BASIC on the computer; (or use the programming

language your

computer

10 LPRINT

Then run the program. (If you

programming to Chapter 4

of

th

is

do

this ,

manual.)

test-type

requires) :

"HELLO"

aren't

we

'

ll

give

the programming com-

you a few pointers

of

the plug.

or

printer port.

in

your printer and

familiar enough with

in

You'll notice mode at

that

the printout

10

characters per inch. If you want to learn how

will

be

in

data processing

to change the printing style , (to correspondence quality, for example} or how to create your own special characters, read Chapter with these set features (data processing printing, 6 lines per inch} or would like to use to Chapter 3 for some more details on the operation

4.

In

either case whether you are satisfied

other

10

CPI

and

features, proceed

of

your

printer.

35

CHAPTER

Blank plate (for parallel interface)

2

------------

•

l(C;;;o

oo=-

. _

r

- -

~ooo-·

·

Serial interface connector

~

_;;;;;:000)/~l

·I

·oool

_

~

36

Lock screws (left, right)

//

Shell

Figure

2-5

-connect external system

(plug)

to

------------

Connecting Your Printer

FUNCTION SWITCHES

SWITCH

1

2

3 4

Page

5

6

7

length form length dial to

6

Printer an when a is

The delete code printed

LF

given

also

and a

CR

as

8 RS232-C, IEEE,

current loop interface effective

ON

Character Sets

8.5"

when

is

set form length dial

performs

CR

command

is

a • ignored

or

(see

page

Page

to

6

Printer performs only a carriage return when a CR command is

given

The delete code

Parallel interface effective

OFF

29)

length

is

8"

when

is

set

is

37/38

CHAPTER

Overview

Now

that printer (Chapter 7 computer

features that operate

learn

how

lights and how

to use the operator controls to

for printing,

3

--------

you've

(Chapter

to load paper,

buttons

set

printed

),

and connected

2),

your

on

the front operating panel mean,

the

form length, and

you

Running

the

self

test on

're

ready to learn the different

printer.

how

to adjust the paper, what the

your

Microline.

your

printer to

In

this section,

set

the start position

move

the paper.

With

Your

Computer

your

you

'

II

and

This section

instructions material.

First,

you Here things become a little tricky because the instructions depend

If

y ou have a Microline

to:

If

you

Second, release lever, platen knob, and the head-gap adjusting lever.

is

arranged so that

without

'II

learn

on

the

load individual sheets install a roll paper stand (page 43) load roll paper (page 43) install a tractor feed load sprocket paper with a tractor

load sprocket paper

48)

have a Microline 93, y ou'll find instructions for:

loading individual sheets

installing the tractor feed removing the tractor feed loaing sprocket paper (page 50)

you

'II

see

having to read through the irrelevant

how

to load

type

of

paper

92

how

to adjust the paper with the paper

you

your

you

,

y

ou

'II

of

paper (page 4

unit

without

of

can refer to specific

Microline with paper.

use. ·

find instructions on

7)

(page 46)

unit

(page 50)

a tractor

paper (page 4

unit

(page 46)

unit

(page 46)

unit

(page

7)

how

Third,

left

front

You

you

of

'II

be shown

'II

learn what all those lights and

the printer (the front operating panel) mean.

how

to use the operator control

buttons

on the

to

set

39

CHAPTER 3

the position on the paper where

of

(Top by

After your settings: data processing mode, character pitch

ters per inch, and able to print files from software packages,

try some

Microline structions on programming in Chapter

Form),

a line

or

you've

Microline printer that will be

set

the form length, and

two

or

a page

read this chapter

text

of

the other more sophisticated features

92

and Microline 93,

or

printing

you

want printing to start

move

two.

you'll

be able to send

printed

of

6 lines per inch. You

you'll

at

but

have to read the in-

4.

all the standard

the paper up

text

to

of

70 charac-

'II

if

you

want to

of

the

be

40

Loading Paper

Individual Sheets Both the Microline

accommodate

one

Only

individual sheets

sheet (no copies) may be printed

Running With Your

of

Paper

92

and the Microline 93 printers can

of

paper

that

at

Computer

are friction-fed.

a time.

Loading individual sheets

1.

Turn

the

printer

2. Remove the access cover. (Remove the if installed).

3. Set the head-gap adjusting lever

4. Unlock the

5. Pull the

(M

L92) away from the platen.

6. Stand the

7. Insert paper from through until it reaches the

8.

Tuck tear-off bar (ML92), make sure the paper's even, and lock the

9. Push the column indicator or tear-off bar against the platen.

10

. Feed the paper

platen knob .

11

. Replace

Roll Paper ( The

Microline

8.5"

wide,

(OKI DATA Part No.

through

option

but

your

paper

column

paper

the paper

paper

the

for

92

accommodates

you

must

dealer.

of

paper (refer

OFF.

release lever (position

indicator (ML93)

guide upright (on ML92 only).

the

back

under

the

column

release lever (position C=closc).

to

the first printing line by

access cover.

ML92 only )

one-part

first install

54132001)

which

to

Figure 3-1):

to

position 1.

or

tear-off bar

of

the platen, pushing it

front

of

the platen.

indicator (ML93)

roll paper

the

roll paper

is

an

option

tractor

O=open).

unit

turning

8.2"

stand

available

or

the

to

41

CHAPTER 3 ---------

42

Figure

3-1

-------------

Running With Your

Computer

installing

1.

Turn

2.

Insert

catch

rear on receptacle).

3. Slide

4.

Insert

tacle

Loading

1.

Turn

2.

Remove

3.

Insert

core

4.

Mount paper

5.

Set

6.

Unlock

7.

Lift

8.

Insert

it

9.

Tuck paper tion about

10

. Push

11.

Adjust so paper.

12.

Move turning

13.

Replace

the

roll

the

holes

to

the

on

roll

paper

the

.

should

the

up

the

through

the

is

C=close).

1

the

that

the

paper

printer

hooks

of

the

right

right rear

stand

plug

of

the

far

(M

L92

printer

the

access cover.

paper

the

roll

head-gap

the

paper

the

tear-off

paper

until

paper

even,

and

The

/2"

inside

tear-off

the

left

and

they're

the

about

paper

platen

access

stand

(refer OFF. of

the

printer

of

the

ON/OFF

to

the

down

to

the

roll

right

of

only

OFF.

mounting

paper

on

from

the

adjusting

release lever

bar

from

the

it

reaches

under

the

lock

the

left

edge

the

left

bar

against

right

.

02"-.04"

to

the

desired

knob

cover

to

roll

paper

(one

left

of

connect

paper

the

rear

)

(refer

shaft

the

roll

bottom lever

and

paper

back

the tear-off

paper

of

platen

the

guides

.

Figure

is

the

to

(position

of

front

the

of

print

3-2):

stand

into

located

switch,

roll

it

stand

of

Figure

into

paper

.

to

guide. the

bar,

release lever (posi-

sprocket

platen.

the

from

on

and

paper

to

the

into

the

printer

3-3):

the

roll

stand

position

O=open).

platen,

of

the

make

paper

should

roll

the

start

position

printer.

the

platen.

paper

edges

the

left the stand

recep-

.

paper

.

The

1.

pushing

sure

position

of

hook

other

the

be

.

stand

the

by

43

CHAPTER

J

__________

_

44

Figure 3-2

----

.

With

Running Computer

Your

---

-----

-_,

~

• 1

<

\

~

...__Guide

Figure 3-3

45

CHAPTER 3

------------

Sprocket The

Microline

part)

sprocket

tional

tractor

unit

(OKIDATA

a. Pin fed

b.

you

If page out

The part) fed paper

don't

48

the

Microline

sprocket

by

the

on

Installing

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Paper

92

paper

unit,

Part

paper,

platen, Tractor-fed

can

tractor

Remove Unlock Hold

side

As

tor

Make position.

Pivot either Don't clamps

must

be

anywhere

have

for

instructions

93

paper

standard

the

ML93,

the

tractor

the

plates.

you

side

sure

the

side be

unit.

the

tractor

face

plates

afraid

over

can

accommodate

that

or

tractor-fed

No.

fed

be

9.5"

paper,

from

the

optional

can

accommodate

anywhere

tractor

you

unit

access

paper

unit

the

printer,

onto

the

paper

tractor

snap

the

unit

into

to

platen

is

either

54112101). by

fed

on

unit.

must

(refer

cover.

release lever

the

exert

pin-fed

with

the

pins

wide.

by

the

3"

to 9 .5"

tractor

inserting

from

If

first

to

with

both

slip

printer

release lever

toward

place

over

enough

bearing.

multi-part

without

the

optional

on

either

optional

wide.

unit,

sprocket

multi-part

3"

to

16"

you

plan

install

Figure

(position

hands

the

cutouts

bar

you

the

pressure

the

3-4):

shaft.

is

until

(up

to

the

tractor

end

of

tractor

go

straight

paper

(up

to

wide

to

use

sprocket

tractor

O=open)

on

the

in

the

in

the 0 (Open)

the

clamps

platen

bearing.

to

force

4-

op-

the

unit,

to

with-

4-

that

unit.

.

tractor

trac-

is

on

the

46

Removing

1.

Remove

2. Hold side

3.

As from

the

plates.

you

tractor

paper.

tractor

face

until

the

unit:

unit

printer,

the

with

pivot

clamps

both

snap

hands

the

off

on

tractor

the

unit

platen

tractor

away bearing.

Tractor Unit

Running

With

Your

Computer

Lock lever

~,__-Tractor

side plate

Figure 3-4

47

CHAPTER 3

4.

Pull

the

bar

shaft.

5.

Replace

-----------

cutouts

the

in

access

the

cover

tractor

.

side

plate

off

the

printer

Loading only) (refer

1.

2.

sprocket

Set the

Unlock

3. Pull

4.

Insert paper base be

feed.

5.

Stand

paper

6. Push of

7.

Tuck

the

8.

Engage pins

the

9.

Put bar

10.

Turn of-form pulling

11. Replace

to

Figure

the

paper

feed,

for

placed

the

from

the

platen

the

paper

located

paper

the

against

the

paper

3-5):

head-gap

the

paper

tear-off

from

and

bottom

on

the

paper

the

paper

and

paper

by

turning

the

paper's

on

is

even.

paper

guide

the

platen

position.

paper

the

access

without

adjusting

release

bar

away

the

from

paper

slotted

guide

rear.

through

pull it

under

sprocket

each

end

down,

paper

knob

Remove

gently.

cover

the

tractor

lever

from

rear

of

the

bottom

feed. NOTE: Printer

printer

upright

until

it

up.

the

tear-off

the

platen

holes

of

the

and

the

platen.

to

move

any

.

unit (ML92

to

position

(position

the

platen.

printer

of

the

stand

if

you're

reaches

bar,

knob

.

with

platen,

push

the

paper

slack

in

for

and

the

1.

O=open).

for

rear

printer

must

bottom

inserting

the

front

advance

the

sprocket

making

tear-off

to

the

paper

sure

top-

by

48

.

With

Runmng Computer

Your

Figure 3-5

49

CHAPTER 3 -----------

Loading

sprocket

paper with

the

tractor

unit installed

(refer to Figure 3-6):

1. Turn the printer

OFF

.

2. Remove the access cover.

3. Set the head-gap adjusting lever to position 1 or 2 of

according to the type of

copies (see page

paper used and the number

56

for instructions on setting

the head gap .)

4. Pull the column indicator (ML93) or tear-off bar (M

L92) away from the platen.

5. Insert the paper until it reaches the

front

platen: a. Rear feed - insert paper from the rear

printer. (Stand the paper guide upright for rear feed on the ML92).

b. Bottom feed - insert paper from the

of

the printer base. NOTE : Printer must

placed on a slotted printer stand.

both

6. Unlock

your

with

7. Open the sprock et covers

8. Adjust the left

side, and lock it

9. Pull the paper

tractors by pulling the lock levers

index fingers.

of

the

tractor

up

first by sliding it

in

place by pushing the lock lever.

and under the column indicator

unit.

to

(ML93) or tear-off bar (ML92) . Engage the paper's

of

sprocket holes with the sprocket pins

the

unit. Figure 3-7 illustrates steps 6 through 9.

of

the

of

the

bottom

be

the

left

tractor

50

NOTE:

>O

that

the

Don

't

pdper

move

is

the

fed

10. Adjust the right ing it, and lock it

11. Make sure there

12. When using line 92, remove paper slackne

spring-loaded to disengage it from the idle gear, and turn the

left

past

tractor

the

both

tractor

more

than

2"

to

the

right

of

PAPER·OUl

tractor

in

is

no slack

tractor

detector.

to

the paper width by slid-

place by pushing the lock lever.

in

the paper .

and pin feed on the Micro-

ss

by

gear to the left with

the

pushing the

your

left

end,

finger tractor

. With Your

Running Computer

Bottom feed

r

Rear feed

Figure

3-6

51

CHAPTER 3

-----------

Sprocket

~Sprocket

cover

paper

Column indicator

52

Sprocket

holes

Figure 3-7

0 0

~Sprocket

0

Running With Your

Computer

cover

Figure 3-8

Tractor

knob

53

CHAPTER 3

knob tractor Figure 3-8

13.

Close

14.

On

the column and

put

On

the

15.

Move turning

in

the

gear

illustrates

the

sprocket

ML93:

indicator

the

ML

the

paper

the

normal back

Line

column

92

:

Put to

platen

paper

feed

to

engage it with

this

procedure.

covers

with

the knob

(see Figure

up

the

paper

indicator

the

tear-off

top-of-form

(see Figure 3-9).

direction.

pressure

sprocket

down

bar

the

idle gear.

3-9).

rollers

.

down.

position

Slide

on

holes,

by

the

54

-------------- Running

com put

With

'VoUt

et

figure

3-9

55

CHAPTER 3

Paper

Adjustment

You can adjust the paper manually with the head-gap ad- justing lever, the paper release lever and the platen knob.

Figure 3-10 indicates their locations.

Head Gap Adjusting Lever

You can adjust platen according that

you plan You can select (position 2).

To

set the head gap:

1.

Narrow - three-part leaf paper.

2.

Wide -

carbon-lined,

the

gap between

to

use

either

Use

the paper

by

setting the head-gap adjusting lever.

a narrow gap (position 1)

position 1 for single sheets and up

the

type

printhead and the

and

number

of

or

pressure-sensitive, carbon-lined,

Use

position 2 for four-part pressure-sensitive,

or

interleaf paper.

copies

a wide gap

to

or

inter-

56

Paper Release Lever

Set this lever to:

1. Position paper,

0 (Open) for

or

tractor

2. Position C (Close) for friction feed sheets .

Platen Knob

Use

this

to

advance the paper manually.

feed

of

sprocket

of

individual

Running With Your

Computer

Paper release lever

Head

gap adjusting lever

Figure 3-10

57

CHAPTER

Indicator Lights and Control Buttons

You've probably found the printer's

It's located on

rear).

The printer's manual controls and indicators are located on the left

Figure 3-11}.

Indicator Lights

The POWER light indicates when power

3

front

the

left rear

of

the printer on the

of

ON/OFF

the

printer (viewed from the

front

switch by now.

operating panel (see

is

on.

The PAPER light indicates paper will

come on when the printer senses

is

low.

The SEL (Select) light indicates the printer ceive data from the computer. It must to

use

the

TOF

(Top

of

Form} SET, FORM FEED and LINE

FEED

Control Buttons The SEL (Select} Button turns the SEL light on

The TOF SET (Top This

The LINE FEED Button feeds the paper one line. This but- ton works only when the SEL light also used

The FORM FEED Button feeds the paper up one form

length. This

buttons

button

to

.

of

Form} Button sets the top

works only when the SEL light

run the local

button

print

works only when the SEL light

FORM

LENGTH

test.

SEL

0

is

running

that

is

PAPER

off. This

out.

This light

the paper supply

is

ready to

be

off

when you want

or

off.

of

is

9ff.

button

POWER

0 0

re-

form.

is

off.

58

Front

Operating Panel

Figure 3-11

Using

the Control Buttons to Adjust

You can use the controls on the

TOF

SET the position where you want

printing to

FORM LENGTH

SELECTION DIAL

the length (3"

front

to

Running With Your

and

Move

operating panel

start

of

the paper used

14")

Computer

Paper

to

set:

and also

Read the following for more details on how these controls

are used.

TOF

With the TOF SET printing SEL light

When the printer

The printer

FORM

Use position. It functions only when the SEL

to

move the paper: LINE FEED up one or more lines FORM FEED to the next

(Top

of

Form)

will

start

is

off.

1. Turn the SEL

2. Move the paper to the position you want.

3. Push the

4. Push the SEL

5.

Top

of

Top

of

Form position

is

turned on.

FEED

this

1. Turn the SEL light

2. Push the FORM FEED

3. The paper

4. Push the SEL

Button

button

SET

Button

button

on a page. It functions only when the

is

ON:

TOF

Form

to move the paper to the next top-of-form

wi

ll move to the next top

li

ght

SET

button

is

set.

button

you can set

off

by pushing the SEL

button.

to select

is

automatically set when the

off

by

button.

again to select the printer.

top

of

form position

the

position where

the

printer again.

li

ght

is

pushing the SEL

of

form position.

button.

off.

button

.

59

CHAPTER

3

LINE FEED Button

Use

this

button

This

button

1.

2. Push

3.

You

can

print

test

1.

2. Push

3.

4. Release

5.

6. Push

functions

Turn

the

The

paper

also

as we

Turn

the

Turn

seconds. The

local

ters

in a continuous

the

to

advance

the

SEL

LINE

will

use

the

LINE

demonstrated

the

printer

LINE

the

printer

the

LINE

print

SEL

button

only

light

FEED

move

OFF

FEED

ON.

test

the

when

off

button.

up

FEED

earlier

.

button

FEED

will

test

to

paper

the

by

pushing

one

button

print

pattern

stop

one

SEL

line.

:

and

the

or

light the

to

hold

after

96

.

local

more

is

SEL

run

the

it

down

about

ASCII

print

lines.

off

.

button

local

two

charac-

test.

.

60

FORM LENGTH SELECTION

With

this

dial

you

can

specify

you

are

lengths paper paper

29)

. Use

using.

of

length

3"

of 8.5" of

the

You

to

8"

table

14".

with

have a

Position

with

SW5

below

choice

function

OFF

as a

DIAL

the

6 has

guide

form

length

of

ten

positions

two

switch

(see

Question 2 on

to

select

of

possible

5 (SW5)

form

the

paper

for

paper

values:

ON,

page

length.

and

Rotary

Position

Dial

Paper

Length

Running With Your

Selection

Li

@ 6 lpi

nes

Computer

Per

Page

@

8

lpi

*

To lpi, must

To

set

0

1 2 4

3 4 5 7 6 8

7

8 9

select

a page

or

64

lines

be

set

form

When

the

1.

Set

2.

Adjust

3.

Turn are

When

the

1.

Turn

2.

Set

3.

Adjust

4 . Press

of

form.

5.

Select

in

length

printer

the

set

printer

SEL

the

print

3

3.5

5.5 6

8.5 11 12 14

length

per

page@

the

OFF

:

FORM

paper

printer

automat

light

FORM

the

paper

TOF

er

inches inches inches

or

inches inches inches inches

of

8

8 lpi ,

position.

is

OFF:

LENGTH

to

where

ON. Page l

ic

a

ll

y.

is

ON:

OFF

LENGTH

to

SET

button

by

pressing

*

inches,

function

you

by

pressing

where

dial

want

dial

you

to

the

48

to

ength

to

want

set

SEL

18 21 24 33 36 42 48

or 51 66

72

84 lines

per

switch

position

printing

and

top

the

SEL

the

desired

printing

paper

button.

112

page@

5 (SW5)

desired.

to

start.

of

form

button

position

to

length

24 28 32 44 48 56 64 68 88

96

.

start.

and

or

6

.

top

Now

Mi

cro

you're

line

92

ready

and

to

print

Microline

at

93

a

ll

the

standard

printers.

This

settings

means

of

that

the

you

61

CHAPTER 3

can

make

your

a

character

line

spacing

If

you these character

hanced, software allow so

you

Don't but

you've

stand

they your for

a while

operate

programming 92

and

or

commands

how

pitch

of

want

to

printers,

sizes,

superscript

packages,

for

these

can

instruct

be

alarmed!

probably

human

won't

wishes

to

languages. Computers

work

to

or

it

by

translating

Microline

communicate

-----------

printer

of

10

6 lines take

like

different

features,

them.

just

language

that

per

advantage

correspondence

or

subscript),

such

your

You

realized

unless

If

purchased

. Like

93

printers

are

written

with

print

in

data

characters

inch.

of

printing

as

word

or

learn

printer

don't

have

that

you

know

you've

it,

your

instructions

your

only

in a certain

your

processing

per

inch

all

the

quality

styles

etc.,

you processing some

to

perform

to

become a programmer,

computers

are

how

had

your

you're

computer,

understand

printer,

mode,

(cpi),

and

special

(emphasized,

basic

marvelous to

learning

read

features

mode,

have

to

software,

programming

its

tricks

don't

communicate

computer

how

into

its

the

Microline

instructions

way. To

Chapter

with

of

different

en-

~

ither

that

.

under-

tools,

but

system

to

particular

learn

4.

find

62

CHAPTER 4 _______

Overview

If

you've gotten and change ribbon, and

tell

At package using the printer's "default" settings - the of

printing set automatically when So don't default settings:

read this

it

running with

you

and

how

this

point

if

you

're

not

need

to read

Data Processing Printing - high-speed bidirectional printing at 7

Character size 7 0

Line spacing 6 LP/ (lines per inch) - the distance between the the

you've

your

to use the controls

you

can print

interested in using the

any

further.

60

CPS

CPI

bottom

is 7

/6"

already

computer. You can load paper

you

know

out

(characters per second)

(characters per inch)

of

one line and the

what the indicator lights

information from a software

you

To

review, these

Bells

and

set

up

your

printer and

on

the printer.

turn the printer on.

other

features

are

bottom

Whistles

kind

you

the

of

This character size and line spacing

set

''pica" typewriter

But

the MICROLINE

to be a typewriter: sizes and kinds ties, and graphics -

ters. This chapter describes these "bells and whistles" and explains

The printing features

"control codes" - which the

If

to the printer the same way printed -by ment, for example. Software packages use a variety methods

"If

outlines a few in the instruction package to find

how

you

're

You're using a Software Package" beginning on page

of

to use them.

writing

including them in a

to handle control codes. The section called

of

for single spacing.

92/93

it

gives

printing, automatic formatting capabili-

you

are

your

those methods,

book

out

how

can do a

you

can even design

regulated

own program,

you

that comes with

they

is

the same

lot

an

assortment

by

special codes - called

computer

transmit characters to be

but

work.

sends to the printer.

you

BASIC

you

your

as

a standard

more than

of

different

your

own charac-

send control codes

"LPRINTi' state-

'II

have to look

particular

pretend

of

65

63

CHAPTER 4

For

each feature we've

how

each one works. These examples are

short

programs

guage,

to them to If

control versions Microsoft

ma

follow

hear

you

"The

y have

so

you

out

from

're

just

BAS/Cs"

codes

of

__________

written

'II need

them

in

detail.

and

use

them

you

if

starting

will

in

your

BASIC

to

- so check

make

included

in

the

to

know

If

you

as

a basis

you

come

out

in

programming,

give

you

a

program. Keep

vary

slightly

in

printing

your

examples

BASIC

a

up

short

commands.

programming

little

about

're

a programmer,

for

experiment

with

something

lesson

in

mind

in

format

manual

to

illustrate

in

the

form

of

lan-

programming

try

(we'd

love

interesting).

the section called

on

how

to

use

that

different

- we 're using for

changes

you

_

the

64

-------------

If You 're Using a Software Package

Different brands and even if they have similar features, the control codes turn them on and aren't printers use the same control codes for their similar fea- tures.) Software packages also have different ways you control printing features. This section briefly explains

some

your software instructions for specific details. Also check

for any printing limitations

you may be able to select a printing feature for

document features like underlining able to the Vertical Format Unit. Your dealer can help you

OKI DATA USERS TIPS for some popular software packages.

When you first use your package, you'll probably have to run a program that sets it program from a series listed on the printer menu, pick automatically adapted

tures the software uses. closest general description - "Teletype-like printer" often used.

any industry standards. {However,

of

the more common methods

use

will

of

printers have different printing features,

off

probably

but

not change printing within the

or

page formatting features like horizontal tabs

up

for your particular computer. The ask you to select individual parts of

lists

or

"menus." If "OKI DAT A

to

If

won't

in

your software - for example,

superscripts),

that

send the proper codes for the fea-

your printer isn't listed, pick the

Bells and Whistles

be

the same - there

all

Microline

but

you should look

an

entire

document

or

you may

of

your system 92/93"

- the software

of

not

out

will

is

that

letting

in

{for

be

or

with

is

be

With some software, like WordStar, you can easily modify or "install" your program to accept by putting the codes

Just follow the instructions

OKI

DATA USERS TIPS.

like SuperWriter, you can place MICROLINE control codes

in

the

text

itself by preceding them with

packages, like VisiCalc, have a "

printing procedure; this allows you print size or print quality for the entire that

in

this chapter and chart (Appendix forms: one labeled "decimal" and one labeled "hexadeci-

mal";

be

sure you use the form your software requires.

G)

in

certain locations within the program.

In

in

the Control Code Quick Reference

,

all

codes are given

your

printer's control codes

in

the Word Star manual and

other

word processing packages,

"/OUT."

setup"

option

to

specify a different

document

in

as

part

two different

Other

of

the

. Notice

65

CHAPTER 4 -----------

You can use an alternative method if equipped with BASIC. Simply two-line program

without

turning

to

tell the printer to change a feature, then,

the

printer

off,

your

computer

put

, you can run a one- or

load and run

your

is

software

package. For example, suppose you want to use Corre- spondence Quality printing. First load BASIC, then type the following command and press ENTER

or

CR:

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(49)

don't

(You but

do

really need

be sure

to

printing command

check

to

use -

to

know how

your

BASIC manual

not

all

versions

to

program to

of

do

this,

to

find

out

BASIC are the

what

same.) The line you just typed instructs the

computer

to

send the control code for Correspondence Quality printing to the printer . Then when you load and run your software, an y printing you turn

off

to

cancel the printer's special features either send a code off. You can also use this technique

Format

do

will

be Correspondence Quality until you

the printer (or until the printer receives a command

that

feature). This method works because most

will

stay

in

effect until you

to

change the features or turn the printer

to

program the Vertical

of

Unit (see page 90) or to load custom-designed characters using the Downline Loadable Character Generator (see page 106).

You

won't

be able to use this method with

all

computer systems. With some computers, when you load a program, a signal (called "I-PRIME") any special printing features. Check to see if this applies

SPECIAL

COMPATIBLE option

written Also

BM

I

NOTE

that

for

ask

for

Personal

FOR

COMPUTERS:

makes y

our

the

IBM

Graphics

a copy

of

Computer."

OWNERS

MICROLINE

our

"User's

is

sent to the printer which cancels

to

your system .

OF

IBM

OKIDATA's

92 or 93

printer.

See

Guide

your

PERSONAL

IBM

PLUG

fully

your

dealer

for

Operating

computer

COMPUTERS

'N

PLAY

compatible

for

more

Microline

Kit

with

information.

Printers

66

's manual

OR

IBM-PC

is

a special

software

with

the

-------------

The

BASICs

In

this section we're going to make your· printer do what you want it few simple examples. It helps to know a bit computer without programmer, you can skip this section and go straight control codes on page 75.) We'll language, You'll in

the

An

LPRI computer done to find BASIC. If you have an Apple, for example, you would use PRINT, and you have

"talks"

getting

but

be

using a few

examples,

NT

to send information

it already, take a minute

out

what form this

to a printer , so we'll go a little into

too

technical. (If

the principles are similar for

but

statement

to

give you a quick lesson

you're

use

of

your MICROLINE's special features

we

won't

go

into detail here.

- or something like it - tells to

the printer. If you haven't

to

check

statement

to

add this line before you use it:

PR#1

Bells and Whistles

to

do, and try a

about

an experienced

the

BASIC programming

other

your

takes

in

how a

languages.

BASIC manual

your version

on

that

to

the

how

the

of

This makes the PRINT

printer instead

Commodore PET, require an OPEN

#1 . LPRI

example; computer punctuation: some versions require a comma or semicolon after LPRINT, and others

Make sure your printer on, SEL light on}, and we'll experiment a little. Type

following one-line program, making whatever modifications

your

computer

Now

RUN

ac

tion and this should appear on the paper:

of

NT

is

the most common, so we'll

be

sure to make the necessary changes for

before you try the examples

requires:

the program. Your printer should spring into

statement

the display screen.

don't

is

ready

10 LPRINT

send information

.

to

go

"HELLO"

to

the

Other

systems, like

statement,

out.

(ribbon, paper, power

then PRINT

use

it

in

And

don't

our

your

forget

the

HELLO

Let's stop for a minute and look

Computer

equipment

can't

understand lett ers - only

at

what's really going on .

67

-----------

CHAPTER

numbers (specifically binary numbers - just if you want tory book on computers

an LPRINT command, the

out a code number for each character (letter, number, punctua- tion mark, symbol, etc.) printer receives each number, it prints the pattern associated with

The standard code system used Standard Code for Information Interchange. you'll find a complete list

bers along with their equivalents hexadecimal number systems (you about Of Sinclair, the Commodore 64 and the VIC-20 - different code systems.

interfaces

USERS Tl

the latter unless you're doing fancy programming).

course, there are a few computers - like the

4

to

software

or

to

PS

know more

will

in

code.

that

In

make the conversions -

to

help you

and "O's";

's"

"1

any good introduc-

about

the

of

those cases you need special

out.

that

it carries

explain it).

computer

quotation

called ASCII - American

is

the decimal ASCII code num-

in

When

sends the printer

marks;

Appendix F

In

the binary and

need to worry

don't

that

the

as

of

Timex/

use

we

dots

have

we

(79)

in

can rewrite

You can use these ASCII numbers directly

function. This sends the ASCII

R$

statement

code

ing a few minutes with the ASCII chart, first sample program this way :

RUN

by using the

parentheses

in

LPRINT CHR$(72);CHR$(69);CHR$(76);

20

this program and you get:

CH

the printer. For example, after spend-

to

R$

;CH

(76)

R$

CH

HELLO

The same result!

but

write,

a tedious way

Obviously this

control the printer's special features.

to

later

sure you're straight

Be

code numbers and numbers

example, the printable character ASCII code number 49, and you can print it using this

statement :

is

about

LPRINT CHR$(49)

to

difference between ASCII

the

printable characters. For

as

represented by the

is

"1"

68

LPRINT

your

our

we'll need it

Controlling the Printer Using Non-Printable Codes

So far we've been talking ASCII codes 32 (space) through 127 (delete symbol

which may or may you've set switch 7 inside the printer). The non-printable codes, numbered 0 through 31,

print something,

it prints or tell it

up one line. You'll notice on the ASCII chart abbreviations; some make sense and others you're

reference.

a telecommunications expert,

but

to

about

printable characters,

-I

not

be printable, depending on how

don't

tell the printer

they do tell it

do something else, like move the paper

to

change the way

that

don't,

but

they are handy for

to

they have

unless

-

Let's try a few. We're just interested

a program, so

we're using - the know.

First we'll add a line to

10 LPRI 20 LPRINT CHR$(31

Now

RUN

we

won't

"HELLO"

the program. The result should look like this:

go

into details

sections

our

will

sample program:

);"HELLO"

HELLO

(If

the

second line prints over the first, try setting switch 6

inside the printer Incidentally, notice

print the first line and right

This

is

"bidirectional"

by

eliminating unnecessary motion.

ASCII code at

double the normal width. this kind quotes

for the machines.) Like most

the kind effect until you send

of

will

of

to

ON

- see page 30.)

that

the printhead moves left

to

left

printing, which speeds up the printing

31

(US) tells the printer

We

have

non-printable code to the printer; nothing

work. (The abbreviations are for

of

the commands that change

printing, the double width command stays

another

code

in

how

to

put

them into

about

tell you

to

print the second line.

to

print each character

to

use

to

change it (or until you

the features

all

you need

to

right

CH

R$ to send

us

humans, not

to

in

69

__________

CHAPTER

turn the printer off) . Try running

a second time and look what happens:

First run:

4

our

HELLO

•-tELLD

Second run:

HELLO 1--IELLD

The second time, both lines are printed

command from the first tirne you've

That's

run the program

If you want ters per inch - you have

because the

to

NT

LPRI

10 20 LPRINT CHR$(31 ); 30 LPRINT CHR$(30);

US

effect the second time it's run.

in

still

is

go back to standard

in

put

to

"HELLO"

"HELLO" "HELLO"

ze

si

CHR$(30):

_

sample program

double width.

at

printing - 10 charac-

Here's the result:

HELLO

•-IELLD

HELLO

paper

set

be

to

in

To avoid any unpleasant surprises, you may want

each program. This

the end

CAN code - CHR$(24) - resets the printer a few page formatting features). Before you try the next example, printer - single-sheet paper

you've set the Form Length and Top the instructions starting on page 59. (if you're using normal 11"

add a line

be

paper, the FORM LENGTH dial should

to

10 LPRI

LPRINTCHR$(12)

15 20 LPRINT CHR$(31 30 LPRINT CHR$(30) ;

to

sure you have fanfold or

the last example, so

"HELLO"

NT

at

the normal startup condition (except for

won't

;

"HELLO"

);

"HELLO"

of

roll

work. Also check

Forrn according to

of

it reads like this:

that

70

put

your

that

7). Now

at

a

-------------

the program, this

When you printer prints HELLO, then advances the paper to the

the next page, then prints HELLO

line, and prints HELLO

one

line 15

in non-printable codes standard for virtually doesn't don't happens

the

of

ESCape Sequences

Many

controlled by combinations

these combinations

in

printer

interpreted character. The next code - or codes - tells the printer what

do next. The whole series

to sequence."

RUN

or Form Feed code; it's one

"FF"

the

is

has a sensible abbreviation, and it's

that

printers; on the

all

have a standard function . (Note: TRS-80 computers

use the FF code.) Starting from wherever the printhead

page, FF moves the paper up

the

on

be

to

next page.

the MICROLINE's special printing features are

of

"ESC"

is

code number it receives should

that

an instruction, and not printed

of

part

as

is

at

normal size print. CHR$(12)

in

ASCII codes. The first code

of

CH

-

codes

of

Bells and Whistles

what should happen: the

of

top

double width, advances

few

the

of

"US"

hand,

other

top

the

to

(27) ; this tells the

R$

be

a

as

called an "ESCape

is

the MICROLINE 92/

example, let's use one

an

As most impressive features : Correspondence Quality printing.

The ESCape sequence you need

the program: CHR$(27);CHR$(49) . Check the ASCII

to

add

Appendix F and you'll see

chart

"l"

Processing") printing, add CHR$(27);CHR$(48) . Our new example looks like this:

Quality and prints

30, and the last HELLO

in

49. If you want to return to normal, high-speed

is

"HELLO"

10 LPRI 16 LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(49); 20 LPRINT CHR$(31

30 LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$ (48);CHR$(30) Line 15 was deleted Line 16 puts

Correspondence Quality until it hits the

in

Processing print.

NT

save paper.

to

the ESCape sequence for Correspondence

in

another

of

ESC 1, so this

is

the ASCII code for

that

this form:

in

0

ESC

"HELLO"

);"HELLO"

HELLO. The printer then prints

0 code

ESC

normal Data

in

out

come

will

93's

what you

is

("Data

;"HELLO"

in

line

71

CHAPTER

When

you

For Correspondence Quality printing, the printhead makes two passes for each line; the second pass fills pattern to

Here's the result:

4

__________

RUN

this sample, watch how the printer works.

give

a denser, crisper character .

in

the

dot

HELLO

HELL.CJ

HELLO

_

Remember the printer typing ESCape sequences. Instead

CH

you can type

CHR$(27)

Just keep ters (letters or numbers). For non-printable codes (like ESC),

you must use CHR$ and the ASCII code number.

Some ESCape sequences include numerical information.

ESC

VT to specify the number after CHR$(27) either two ASCII codes (one for each digit), or the two-digit number one makes the printer skip three lines:

10 LPRINT 20 LPRINT CHR$( 27 30 LPRINT "SKIP THREE LINES"

40

50 LPRINT "SKIP THREE MORE LINES"

that

a printable character

as

an ASCII code. This means you can simplify

R$

(27)

;CH

R$(49)

;"1"

in

mind

that

this works only for printable charac-

, for example, lets you skip up to 99 lines. You have

of

lines

as

;CH

R$(11) -

in

quotes. Here's a sample using both methods. Each

"FIRST

LPRI

NT

CHR$(27)

ESC

LINE"

);

CHR$( 1 l);CHR$( 48); CHR$(

;CH

R$(

in

quotes

of

a two-digit number, so

VT

- you must add

11); "03 ";

is

sent to

51

);

Check the ASCII chart:

27

=

ESC

11

=VT

48

=

0

51

=

3

72

-------------

Lines

20

and 40 both make the printer skip three more lines.

Don't fo rget the sem

wise the printer

Here's the result:

will

ic

olons

at

the end

ski p an extra line.

Bells and Whistles

of

these lines:

other

-

FIRST

SKIP

S

KIP

A few ESCape sequences example, of

1 /

CHR$(27};CHR$(37};CHR$(57}; -

you have form , not

Here's a sample to try:

ESC

% 9 lets you specify line spacing

144"

up

to

put

as

an ASCII code.

10 LPRI 20 FOR I

30 LPRINT " HELLO" 40 NEXT I 50 60 FOR J = 1 TO 3 70 LPRINT 80 NEXT J

NT

= 1 TO 3

LPRINT CHR$

LINE

THREE

a maximum

the desired multiple

CH

R$(27} ;"%9";CHR$(72)

(24}

"HELLO"

LINES

MORE

use

a different method. For

of

127 /

LINES

in

multiples

144". In

or

in

this case,

CHR$(27};"%9"; -

CHR$

in

its normal

after

Line 10 sets the line spacing for Lines 20-40 are a simple FOR - NEXT loop to print HELLO

three times.

Line 50 - the "CANcel" code - cancels line 10

normal line spacing (1/6"} ,

feed at the end

Lines 60-80 print HELLO three times

Before you

of

the loop.

use

a feature requiring numerical input, check the

72/144" = 1/2".

but

after an automatic

at

the normal spacing.

to

return

1/2"

to

line

73

CHAPTER 4 __________

_

information it

properly.

This

is

what

This

isn't

be

enough

enced

with

tricks. It's

in

the

printout

quite

all

there

to

get

you

programming,

easy

once

section

should

HELLO

1-·l!:::LL.0

HELLO

HF.~Ll-0

HELLO

HFLl

is

to

started

you

. As

you'll

get

to

make

look

like:

...

. O

programming,

you

become

find

your

the

hang

of

sure

own

it.

you

but

more

shortcuts

're

it

should

entering

experi-

and

74

-------------

A Word about Notation

In

this section, control codes are given

EXAMPLE

Bells and Whistles

in

three forms:

CHR$(27);CHR$(49)

i

1. Standard

abbreviation

- used for reference.

2. Decimal Code

- presented

for BASIC language

Note

that

an alternate

CHR$(27);"1" See

"The

BASICs" on page 67 for

details . We'll use some

alternative

in

3. Hexadecimal code

- This

is

the form required can also use it CH

R $ ( & H 1

------'

in

the format used

the examples.

in

BASIC

B)

;CH

R

statements

format is:

of

each

--------------' in

statements

S,

( 8 H 3 1 )

1B31(hex)

some software packages. You

in

this format:

NOTE: llcxddc

cimal

equi

de

cirndl n1111•bcr>

valent

of de.:

in1.1

I 1

111us

is

t ha

01.

ve

two

-

digits;

in

other

words,

the

hexa-

75

CHAPTER 4 __________

_

CHARACTER

SIZES

The Microline 92 and 93 can print characters

as

known

"pitches"

Pica Elite

Condensed

Each

si

ze can also be printed and 8.5 cpi respectively - giving a total character when it's to

your change from printer new

pitches.

turned

program the control codes explained below . You can

one

will

continue

si

ze

or

turn the

Here are the codes for changing

FS

.

=

10

cpi (characters per inch)

= 12 cpi = 1 7

.1

cpi

at

double

The

printer

on. You can change

pitch

to

printing

printer

Change

will

be set

another

at

that

anywhere

off.

character

CHR${28)

to

Elite

type

width - 5 cpi, 6 cpi

of

to

print

character

size until you select a

size:

at12cpi

GS

RS

us

CH

R$

(29) 1 D (hex)

to

Change at

1 7 .1 cpi

condensed

type

CHR${30) 1 E (hex)

to

Pica

type

Return

at 10 cpi

CHR$(31)

Doubles the width

in

currently

effect

of

the

in

three

sizes,

six possible

at

10

cpi

size by adding

in

a line, and the

lC

(hex)

lF(hex)

type size

You can cancel the double-width code by entering any

control

above

NOTE:

You

when

Correspondence

while

Correspondence

Obviously, the

line depends on the

r.

pap e

The following table shows the maximum

codes for single-width characters .

cannot

use

Condensed Quality Quality

number

(17.1 CPI)

mode

is in

is active,

of

characters you can print

effect.

the

or

printer

doubled

If

character size as well

you

try

will ignore

as

76

Condensed

to

change

to

the

print

on

the width

number

of

the

(8.5 CPI)

these

size

codes.

one of

the

of

print

sizes

Bells

and

Whistles

characters per line for each character pitch and printer

model.

Table 1 - Maximum Number

Character

Pica Elite Condensed Pica Elite 10

cpi

CHR$(30)

ML92

ML93 136 163

80

Some versions

12

cpi

CHR${28)

96

of

BASIC

17

.1 cpi S cpi 6 cpi 8.S cpi

CHR$(29)

136

233

(IBM

normally let you print more than Check your BASIC manual to find limitation - a WIDTH statement

of

Characters per Line

Size

Doubled Doubled Doubled

CHR$(31)

40

68

CHR$(31)

48

81

BASIC, for example)

80

characters on a line.

out

how to override this

is

the most common

method used .

Example:

20 LPRINT " PICA pica 10 CPI" 30 LPRINT CHR${28);" ELITE elite 12 CPI" 40 LPRINT CHR$(29) ;" CONDENSED condensed 17.1

CPI" 50 LPRINT CHR${30) ;" 60 LPRINT CHR$(31 );

PICA

again "

"DOUBLE

Pica"

70 LPRINT (CHR$ (28);CHR$(31); "DOUBLE Elite"

80 LPRINT CHR$(29) ;CHR${31 ); "DOUBLE

Condensed

''

90 LPRINT CHR$(30); "Pica ";CHR$(28);"Elite ";

CHR$(29); "Condensed ";CHR$(30);"Pica again"

Condensed

CHR$(31)

68

116

will

not

Here's the printout:

PICA

ELITE

CONDENSED

PICA

pica

elite

agair1

L-,ClLJBL

DOUBLE

Pi

ca

Elite

11Zl

12

condensed

_E

Condensed

Conder1sed

CPI

17.1

CPI

pi

E1ite

Pi

~.a.

ca

aga

i

r1

77

CORRESPONDENCE

DATA

When

you turn on your printer, it's automatically set for

PROCESSING

data processing printing. This

QUALITY

AND

PRINTING

is

a high-speed (160 characters per second) mode which prints bidirectionally - first line prints left

to

right, second line prints right to left, etc. This

handy for program listings and high-volume printing.

is

For important documents and letters, use

OKI

DAT A's

special correspondence quality printing. This mode prints at

in

40 characters per second in

the

dot

pattern to form a sharp, crisp letter. It's ideal for

two passes; the second pass fills

word processing packages. ESC

1

CH

R $ ( 2

7)

;CH

R $ ( 4

9)

1 B 3 1 (hex)

- Start Correspondence Quality printing

ESC

0 CHR$(27);CHR$(48)

1B

30 (hex)

- Stop Correspondence Quality printing and return to Data Processing printing

NOTE:

You

can't

use Condensed select

Correspondence

will

not

change

print

(17.1 CPI )

to

Correspondence

or

Quality

doubled wh i

le

Quality

Condensed

these

character

printing

print

sizes are in

.

if

you've

(8.5

CPI).

effect

seJe,ted

If

EXAMPLE

10

LPRINT

CHR$(27) ;CHR$(49) ;"Correspondence Quality printing" 15

FOR I = 1 TO 2

20 LPRINT "PICA pica 10 CPI" 30 LPRINT CHR$(28);"ELITE elite 12 CPI" 40 LPRINT CHR$(29);"CONDENSED condensed 17.1 CPI" 50 LPRINT CHR$(30);"PICA again" 60 LPRINT CHR$(31);"DOUBLE Pica" 70 LPRINT CHR$(28);CHR$(31) ;"DOUBLE Elite" 80 LPRINT CHR$(29);CHR$(31) ;"DOUBLE condensed" 90 LPRINT CHR$(30);"Pica ";CHR$(28);"Elite ";

CHR$(29) ; "Condensed ";CHR$(30);"Pica again"

100 LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(48);"Data Processing"

llONEXTI

78

you

, the

try

to

printer

and Whistles

-------------

For this example, we've taken the sample program on page 77 and turned it into a loop.

Line 10 activates Correspondence Quality printing for the

first run through the Loop.

Lines 15 and 110 define the boundary

Line 100 turns on Data Processing printing for the second

run through the loop.

When you try this program, watch how the printhead moves.

on the first run through the loop (Correspon-

Notice dence Quality), it makes two passes over each line, and on the second run (Data Processing), it makes one pass alternate directions. See also the difference

the two printing modes.

Rememb er to 17.1 run, line 40 and line 80 prints

that

CPI

in

that

and 8.5

"condensed" 6 CPI.

at

Correspondence Quality, codes

are ignored.

CPI

line 90, prints

in

Bells

the loop.

of

That's

in

speed between

in

change

to

why on the first

and

CPI

12

at

The

printout

looks like this:

Correspondence PICA

ELITE

pica

elite

CONDENSED

PICA

again

DOUBLE DOUBLE DOUBLE

Pica

Data

PICA

ELITE

CONDENSED

PICA

DOUBLE

Elite

Processi pica

elite

condensed

again

DOUBLE

Pica

Data

Elite

Processing

Quality

CPI

10 12 CPI

condensed

p.:Lc:::~

E1.:Lt- Cond•naad

Condensed

rig

CPI

10

CPI

12

CPI

17.1

p

E1ite

Condensed

17.1

c::::-a.

:i.

Pica

Printing

CPI

again

79

CHARACTER

SPACING (CORRESPONDENCE

QUALITY

ONLY)

This feature - for Correspondence Quality printing only - designed for use with software

that

can control the spacing

between individual letters to produce proportional spacing. Proportional spacing creates a more polished by varying the spaces between letters width

of

the letters. Compare a printed page with a typed

"typeset"

in

proportion

look

to the

page and you'll see the difference.

If

your

modify,

software package can

or

"patch,"

the software using the codes explained

do

this, you

will

need

to

below. Your software instructions should tell you how to

do th

is.

The normal spacing between characters - set automatically when the printer or 3/

144"

for 12 CPI. The command described below lets you increase 14/

144

."

ESCN0-11

is

turned on -

that

spacing up to a maximum

is

3/

120"

for 10

of

14/

CPI

120"

printing

or

CHR$(27);CHR$(78);CHR${0-11) 1B4EOO-OB

(hex)

- increases the spacing between characters (10 CPI) or 1/ maximum distance 14/

144"

in

multiples

144"

of

(12 CPI)

of

14/

120"

1 /

between characters.

120"

up

or

to a

is

NOTE: number that the

command

ESC

NOTE: spdcing set by the until

80

The

you

will

be

3/

120

3

/144

N 0

rhis

it

is

changed by

normal

put

added

"

(s

"

(s

distance between characters

into

this

command

to

the

normal

is

11,

so

tandard sp tandard sp

CH

R$(27)

the

maximum

ac

ing at 10 C

ac

ing at 12 C

;CH

spdcing.

determines the

rhe

) + 11 /

+

11

largest

120

/

14

possible space between characters

PI PI.)

R$(78) ;CHR$(0)

- Returns printer to the standard spacing

feature

can

be

ESC

used in Correspondence

N

commdnd

another

ESC

takes

N

effect

commdnd

or

is

3/120"

multiple

number

" = 14/1 20"

4"=

14/

144

Quality

immediately,

until

the

or

3/144".

of

1

/120"

you

can

or

"

1B (hex)

mode

only.

and stays in

printer

is

or

put

is

4E

The

turned

The

1

/144"

into

00

effect

off.

-------------

Example

10 LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(49); 20 LPRINT "NORMAL SPACING - 3/120 IN." 30

LPRI

NT

CH

R$(27) ;

40 LPRINT "SPACING 14 /120 IN."

LPRI

NT

CH

50 60 LPRINT "NORMAL SPACING AGAIN" 70 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;CHR$(48)

Program Notes:

Line 10 activates Correspondence Quality printing

Line 30 changes the spacing to

between characters · Line 50 returns Line 70 cancels Correspondence Quality printing and returns

to Data Processing printing

The printout looks like this:

R$

to

CH

R$(78)

(27)

;CH

R$(78)

normal spacing

Bells

and

Whistles

;CH

R$

(11);

;CH

R$

(0) ;

3/120" + 11 /120" = 14/120"

(3/120" + 0/120")

NORMAL

SPACING

--3/120

IN.

S P A C I N G 1 4 I 1 2 0 I N •

NORMAL

SPACING

AGAIN

81

LINE

SPACING

When you turn on the printer, it's automatically set to print at

a line spacing between the line

is

1 /6". (This

To

fit more printing on a page, you can change the line spacing to 8 lines per inch, change line spacing affect the height

of

6 lines per inch -

bottom

of

is

the normal line spacing

in

of

the characters - only the space between

one line and the

or

for special effects you can

multiples

of 1/144"

that

is,

the distance

bottom

of

. This

of

the next

a typewriter .)

doesn't

lines. Keep

in

mind

that

changing line spacing affects the Top

Form position, since it changes the number Use

these control codes to change line spacing:

ESC

8 CHR$(27);CHR$(56)

of

lines per page.

18

of

38 (hex)

- changes line spacing to 8 lines per inch (1/8"

per line)

ESC

6

CH

R $ ( 2

7)

;CH

R $ ( 5 4)

1 B 36 (hex)

- changes line spacing back to 6 lines per inch (1/6"

per line)

ESC

%9

0-127 CHR$(27);CHR$(37);

CH

R$(57) ;CHR$

lB

25 39 00-7F

(hex)

(0 through 127)

- changes line spacing to

the designated multiple of

1 /

144"

per line

NOTE: this

The

control

maximum

code produces

Line Spacing example :

10 LPRINT CHR$(27) ;"

20 FOR

1=1 30 LPRINT 40 NEXT 50

LPRINT CHR$(27);"8"

60

FOR J=l TO 8

82

line spacing

an

TO 6

"6

lines per inch"

I

is

127/144"

overstrike

1"

per line. When set

with

no

line feed.

to 0/144",

-------------

70

LPRINT

80

100

LPRINT

110

LPRINT

120

LPRINT

140

LPRINT

150

LPRINT

Line 10 activates Correspondence Quality printing.

"8

lines per

inch"

J

K=O

TO

15 CHR$(27); "variable line spacing"

K

CHR$(27);"6" "Return "6

lines per

"%9";CHR$(K);

to 6 lines per

inch"

Bells

inch"

and

Whistles

Lines 20-40 Line 50 activates 8 lines per inch spacing. Lines 60-80 Lin

es

90-120

K/

144" Lin e 130 returns to 6 lines per inch Here's the

print

are

for

each value of

printout:

6

linea lines

6 6

lines

6

lines lines

6 6

lines

8

lines

8

lines

8

lines

8

lines

8

lines

8

lines

8

lines

6 lines at 6 lines per inch.

8 lines at 8 lines per inch.

a loop that prints one line at a spacing

K from 0 to 15.

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

per

inch

of

llllllllpll!l"lllll~I

Return 6

lines

to

per

6

lines inch

per

inch

83

CHAPTER

__________

4

_

R$

(73)

PRINTING

offset by one-

is

54

1 B

48 (hex)

B

1

49 (hex)

B

1

empha-

in

enhanced

in

(hex)

EMPHASIZED AND ENHANCED

produced by a half-dot horizontal

Emphasized printing

Enhanced printing, a second pass

offset. half

You printing.

Use printing:

Sample program for emphasized and enhanced printing:

In

vertically.

dot

use these features with Correspondence Quality

can't

these control codes for emphasized and enhanced

CHR${27) ;CHR$(84)

T

ESC

- starts emphasized printing (horizontal offset)

ESCH

ESC

10 LPRINT

20 LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(84);"This whole line

30 LPRINT

40

CH

- starts enhanced printing (vertical offset)

CH

I

- stops emphasized enhanced printing

"Emphasized ";CHR$(27);CHR$(73);"is

print."

siz'ed

emphasized. ";CH

hanced ";CHR$(27);CHR${73);"is print."

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(84);CHR$(27);

CHR$(72);"Emphasized and Enhanced together, ";

(27)

R$

CH

is

R$(27);CHR$(72)

(73)

R$

;CH

(27)

R$

or

word ";CHR$(27);CHR$(84);

"The

;CH

(27)

R$

word ";CHR$(27);CHR$(72);"En-

"The

"normal"

(73);

R$

;CH

is

printout

The

This

The

Emphasizlld

84

word

whole

word

looks like this:

Emphasized

line

EnhAnced

&

is

Enhancwd

in

is

emphasized.

enhanced

in

is

tog•th•r,

emphasized

print.

normal.

print.

______________

Bells and Whistles

UNDERLINING

You can characters. This line

ESC

Sample program for underlining:

Notice "p"

use

this feature

C CHR$(27);CHR$(67)

- starts continuous underlining

D CHR$(27);CHR$(68)

- stops underlined printing

NT

LPR I

and

"Start ";CH printing";CH

that

the underlining overlaps

"g":

to

draw an unbroken line under

will

also extend under spaces.

R$

(27) (27)

;CH

1 B 43 (hex)

1B

R$

(67) ;"underlined

R$

the

( 68) ;"

tip

stop"

of

the tail on

44 (hex)

85

CHAPTER 4 __________

_

SUPERSCRIPTS

AND

SUBSCRIPTS

With this feature, you can print characters slightly above the print line (superscripts) for

footnotes

and

exponents,

and characters slightly below the print line (subscripts) for formulas.

For added compatibility with word processing systems, these

two features cancel each

other;

that

is,

a subscript code stops superscript printing, and a superscript code cancels subscript printing. You can also

use

the separate cancelling codes

given below. ESC

J CHR$(27);CHR$(74) 1 B 4A (hex)

- starts superscript printing or stops subscript printing

ESC

L

CH

R$

(27)

;CH

R$

(76)

1 B 4C (hex)

- starts subscript printing or stops superscript printing

1 B

48

ESC

K

CH

R $ ( 2

7)

;CH

R $ ( 7 5}

(hex}

- stops superscript printing

40

ESC

M CHR$(27};CHR$(77}

1 B

(hex)

- stops subscript printing

NOTE: beyond a

line

Superscript

the end

or

else

of a line.

line

and

spacing

subscript

Be

sure

will

be

printing

to

cancel these

thrown

off.

continue

features

until

you

before

stop

the end

them,

even

of

86

Example

10 LPRINT

The

printout

"OKIGRAPH";CHR$(27);CHR$(74);"tm";

CH

R$

(27)

;CH

R$

(76) ;" H ";CH

R$

(27);

CHR$(76) ;''2'';CH R$(27) ;CHR$(74)

looks like this:

OKIGRAPHtm H20

;''O''

_____________

Bells and Whistles

FORM LENGTH, TOP OF FORM .AND

FORM

FEED

Setting form length lets the printer kn.ow how long the paper is;

Top

of

Form records the position

printing on the page -

that

is,

it sets printing several lines, performing a Form Feed matically move the paper up to the first printing line next

page.

Form Length and with the controls on the 61

).

They can also be set using the control codes below

your

program.

Top

of

Form can

front

ofthe the

first line

top margin. After

will

be

- and usually are - set

of

the printer (see pages 59-

of

then auto-

of

the

in

Control codes for setting:

Form Length ESC F 00-99

CHR$(27);CHR$(70);"00-99"

1B

46 30-39

30-39 (hex)

at

the

two-

to

;"00"

a

FORM

1B

LENGTH

46

30

NOTE: This dial.

ESC F 00

- sets form length d igit number

maximum

ESCape sequence overrides the setting on the

CH

R$

(27)

of

;CH

of

lines up

99 lines

R$

(70)

30 (hex)

- cancels form length set by

program

Top

of

Form

ESC

5

CH

R$(27}

- sets top

;CH

of

R$(53}

form

B 35 (hex)

1

Form Feed FF

NOTE:

TRS-80 c

omput

Suppose you wa

inch margins

at

CHR$(12}

- advances paper to

ers

will

not

recogni

ze

nt

to

pri

nt

on a three-inch fo

the

top

and the

bottom

top

of next form

this code .

.

OC

rm

with one-

(hex)

87

CHAPTER

Before running the program, set the print line one inch from the top

Here's what the program would look like:

10 LPRINT 20 LPRINT 30 FOR 40

FOR

50

LPRINT J 60NEXT 70 LPRINT CHR$(12) 80 NEXT I

Line 10 sets the form length at 18 lines

per inch).

of

the paper.

1=1

J=1

4

__________

CHR$(27);"F";"18"; CHR$(27);"5";

TO 2

TO 6

J

(3

inches

at

_

6 lines

Line 20 sets Lines 40-60

successive I

Line 70 advances the paper to the top

The loop bounded by lines 30 and 80 causes the sequence to

be

printed twice.

Here's the printout:

top

of

form.

is

a loop that prints the numbers 1 through 6 on

in

es.

of

the next page.

1

2

3

4

5

b

1 inch {

Perforation between pages

I

.......

88

.........

1

inch{

1

2

3

4

5

_____________

Bells and Whistles

DIRECT LINE SKIP

This feature lets you skip up

1-99

VT

ESC

Sample program

LPRINT

10

LPRINT

20

printout

The

CHR$(27);CHR$(11);"01

of

direct

LINES"

this:

skips up

line skip:

LINE"

LINE

directly

- mum

for

"FIRST CHR$(27);CHR$(11) FIVE

like

looks

FIRST

1

2 3 4

5

SKIPPED

6

99 lines on the

to

99 lines

;

FIVE

99"

-

a maxi-

;"OS";"

LINES

page.

OB

18

.39 39) (hex)

31

SKIPPED

(30

89

VERTICAL

FORMATTING

The electronic Vertical Format Unit (VFU) lets you pre- program called channels. You can use it

up

to twelve different sets

of

vertical tab stops

in

combination with the hori- zontal tab feature to print information on preprinted forms to print your own forms. Lines at the beginning

gram indicate the positions

In

the program , whenever the printer receives a

of

the stop and a channel code.

of

VT

the pro-

(vertical

tab) code - CHR$(11) - followed by the channel code, it

skips to the next tab stop

NOTE:

The

is

54.

Use

maximum

the following codes to load vertical tabs and to tab:

number

in

of

tab stops

that

channel.

you

can

load

for

all 12 channels combined

DC4 CHR$(20) 14 (hex)

- starts loading sequence

?

CHR$(63)

3F

(hex)

- ends loading sequence

VT

CHR$(11);CHR$(49-60) OB31-3C(hex)

- tab to next stop

in

channel

indicated

Use

the following codes to designate the channel:

or

90

Channel

1 2 CHR$(50) 3 4

5

6 7 8

9 10 11 12

Table

No.

2 -

VFU

ASCII

Channel

Codes

(decimal) code

CHR$(49)

CHR$(51 ) CHR$(52) CHR$(53) CHR$(54) CHR$(55) CHR$(56) CHR$(57) CHR$(58) CH

R$(59)

CH

R$(60)

Character

"1

,,

"2,, "3,, "4,,

"5"

"6,, "7,,

"8,,

"9"

"

.

"

.

,,

'

''<''

_____________

Start

the loading sequence with CHR${20). Follow it with a

number for a space - equal want your first stop. Next add spaces equal to the number

lines to code. Continue this way until you've programmed stops you want, then add enough spaces so

number on your page, and end the sequence with CHR$(63) - the decimal ASCII code for

of

spac;es

be

skipped

of

spaces

-

or

CHR$(32), the decimal ASCII code

to

the number

to

the next stop and insert the channel

in

the sequence equals the number

a"?"

of

Bells and Whistles

the line where you

all

the

that

the total

of

lines

of

Think a space - or a space code - representing each line. A channel code

where you want to set a tab stop.

several channels

It's easier to follow an example. Suppose you want

up a 12 line (2") form with tabs at the 3rd, lines. STRING$ function, you can use the ASCII code for a space - 32

If your BASIC

place STRING$(4,32) with CHR$(32);CHR$(32);CHR$(32); CHR$(32). There of

of

the loading sequence

is

placed directly after the space representing the line

of

stops with the same form length.

Use

channel

in

10 LPRINT CHR$(20);STRING$(3,32);CHR$(49);

STRING$(2,32); CHR$(49) ;STRING$(4,32); CH

spaces

in

quotes. The same

LPRINTCHR$(20);"

1.

If your version

decimal form - easily, like this:

R$(49) ;CHR$(32)

doesn't

have STRING$, you'd have to

is

an

easier way: add the proper number

as

a picture

;CH

statement

1 1

E

~-----

of

the page, with

Use

one statement

5th,

of

BASIC has the

R$(63)

would look like this:

11?"

l

space

4 spaces

2 spaces

3 spaces

and

to

9th

load

set

re-

Whichever method you use, or space codes - equals the number

Also,

don't

forget any spaces after the last tab stop - other-

wise a Form Feed command

be

sure the number

won't

of

lines

in

work right.

of

spaces -

your form.

91

tab to the

To

LPRINT LPR

INT

use:

stop,

CH

or

;"1"

(11)

R$

CH

Vertical

Example Let's

ent

using

of

something fancy:

try

length.

form

F - review

ESC

To

Here's the program:

LPRINT

20

STRING$(4,32);CHR$(60) ;STRING$(6,32); CHR$(60);STRING$(5,32);CHR$(63);

LPRINT

30

LPRINTCHR$(27);"5";

40

LPRINT

50

CHR$(30)

LPRINTCHR$(11);"<";

60

LPRINT

70

LPRINT

80

LPRINTCHR$(11);"<";"

90

LPRINTCHR$(12);

100

LPRINTCHR$(27);"F";"12";

110

LPRINTCHR$(27);"5";

120

LPRINT

125

STRING$ (2,32)

(49) ;STRING$ (3,32) ;CHR$ (63);

R$

CH LPRINT

130

CHR$(30)

LPRINT

140 150 LPRI 160 170 LPRI

180

NT

LPRINT

NT

:"

NG

I

LPRINTCHR$(12);

Formatting

differ-

a

with

to

each

reset

form

length

two

do this you

87-88.

pages

channels,

need

CHR$(20);STRING$(3,32);CHR$(60);

CHR$(27);"F";"18"; CHR$(29);CHR$(31);"STATEMENT";

"NAME

:"

"ADDRESS:"

CHR$(11

);"<";"ITEM

PRICE"

TOTALDUE:"

CHR$(20);STRING$(3,32);CHR$(49):

(49) ;STRING$(4,32);

R$

;CH

CHR$(31

);"OVERDUE

CHR$(11 );"1

R$(11) ;"1

CH

";"NAME:" ";"ACCT#:"

NOTICE";

"PAYMENTS:" "CH

(11) ;"1

R$

";"TOT

AL

OUTST

AND-

Line 20 loads channel 12. Lines 30-40

set

length (18 lines)

form

and

of

top

Line 50 prints at doubled condensed width (8.5 CPI), then

(10 CPI).

returns to standard

92

print

form.

-------------

Bells

and

Whistles

Lines 60 , 80 and print.

Line 100 advances to the top Lines 110-120 reset form length

Line 125 cancels the channel loaded

channel 1.

Line

130

prints at double width

standard print . Lines 140, 150 and

and print. Line 180 advances to the top Here's the printout:

90

tab

170

to

the

{12

{5

tab to the

of

the

STATEMENT

N(-=tME:

~DDRESS:

stop

in

channel 12 and

lines) and in

line 20 and loads

cpi), then returns to

form.

top

of

channel

form.

1

ITEM

0'

......

E

RDLJE

NAME:

ACCT

#:

PAYMENTS:

TOTAL

OUTSTANDING:

TOTAL

DUE:

NOT

PRICE

I

CE

93

CHAPTER

__________

4

SETTING THE LEFT MARGIN

_

The printhead normally begins

the tear-off bar

on

up

CH

"O"

999/120"

to

(27)

R$

;CH

R$

- under the

tion"

on the column indicator

"1"

the

the control code below to

use

1/120"

of

ples

% C

ESC 001-999 CHR$(67);"001

margin

left

the

sets

- indicated

/120"

1

multiple

from

the normal

home position

You

NOTE:

ESC%C 001

three-digit

a

enter

must

R$(27) ;CHR$(37);

CH

CHR$(67);"001"

number.

- cancels any previously set

margin;

printing

at home position

cancelled

be

cannot

margin

left

The

NOTE:

104).

setting the

Sample program

LPRINT

10

for "PRINTING

TION"

LPRINT

20

LPRINT

30

LPRINT

40

INCH (=120/120 LPRINT

50

LPRINT

60

LPRINT

70

CHR$(27);CHR$(37);CHR$(67);"120" "MARGIN

SET"

CHR$(28);"PRINTING

IN.)" CHR$(29);"FROM CHR$(27);CHR$(37);CHR$(67);"001" CHR$(30);"MARGIN

printing

the

of

left

the

set

(8.3").

7)

(3

"-"999"

the

to

of

starts

using the

by

margin:

left

STARTS

HOME

ML92

(30 30

3C

posi-

or can multi-

at the

the

of

ML93.

margin in

25

1 B

"home

You

31-39 39 39) (hex)

3C 30 30

25

1B

(hex)

31

page

(see

code

CAN

HOME POSI-

AT

STARTS ONE

POSITION"

CANCELLED"

94