NXP Set-top boxes Application guide
Application guide
Set-top boxes (STBs)
Contents
Your partner for STBs 3
1. Power solutions 4
1.1 AC/DC controllers
1.2 Discretes
2. RF reception stage 6
2.1 Silicon tuners (cable, satellite, terrestrial)
2.2 LNA and loop-through switches
3. Analog audio and video interfaces 8
3.1 Audio digital-to-analog converters (DACs)
3.2 Audio and video switches
3.3 ESD protection for AV interfaces
(SCART, YC, YPbPr, Audio L/R, RGB, VGA)
4. HDMI interface 13
4.1 HDMI transmitters
4.2 HDMI switch
4.3 CEC controller
4.4 DDC and CEC buffers
4.5 ESD protection
6. Data transfer interfaces: ESD protection 22
6.1 ESD protection for USB
6.2 ESD protection for USB 3.0
6.3 ESD protection for SATA, eSATA
6.4 ESD protection for Ethernet
6.5 ESD protection and EMI ltering for SD card
and other low/medium-speed interfaces
7. Interfaces and control 26
7.1 Microcontrollers
7.2 I2C GPIO expanders
7.3 I2C temperature sensors
7.4 I2C level shifters
7.5 I2C bridges (SPI, UART) and 16C-compatible UARTs
7.6 I2C real-time clocks (RTCs)
7.7 I2C design tools and tech support
7.8 Logic functions
7.9 Memory termination regulator
8. Discrete components for 34
the main processing board
8.1 Power solutions
8.2 Special functions and general-purpose devices
Additional resources 36
5. Smart-card reader interface 18
2
Introduction
Your partner for STBs
NXP Semiconductors offers a wide portfolio of advanced solutions for set-top-boxes (STBs).
All are built on our deep understanding of what network operators and manufacturers need.
We can deliver application-specific solutions for reception, drawing on a complete range of
silicon tuners that cover all the major standards for satellite, terrestrial, and cable reception.
We also support peripheral functions, such as advanced audio and HDMI interfaces, and
provide an extensive portfolio of standard products for STBs.
We use next-generation packaging to save space, lower costs, and improve AV content
security, and we reduce energy consumption with low-power technologies that dramatically
increase efficiency. We design for ruggedness, supplying devices that stand up to intensive
use, and we deliver the high integration needed to simplify development, lower BOM and
production costs, and reduce time-to-market.
We are known for innovation and our ability to introduce new technologies that set the
standard for performance, efficiency, and size. Our new chip-scale package (CSP) devices,
for example, have an exceptionally compact footprint yet achieve a new benchmark in
mechanical robustness.
We support our customers with a cost-efficient supply chain, and an enterprise-wide
commitment to the highest standards of security, quality, and reliability. We also help our
customers prepare for the future, by working with them to implement new features, such
as 3D, that will drive growth. In short, our customers have the confidence that comes from
working with a world-class partner.
There’s more.
This application guide provides an introduction to our STB portfolio. It highlights many of
the forward-thinking solutions we have available, but it’s only the beginning. To learn more,
please visit our dedicated application page at www.nxp.com/applications/set_top_box/.
NXP supports all the existing STB standards
NXP improves performance throughout the system
WiFi, ethernet
hard-disk
drive
USB
USB 3.0
from
sat/cable/terr
IC card or CI
PCMCIA
RS232
UART
SATA
eSATA
LOOP-THROUGH SWITCH
SAT OR CABLE OR
TERRESTRIAL TUNER
module
LOW SPEED I/F
RS232
UART
LOGIC
MEMORY, STORAGE AND
COMMUNICATION I/F
FLASH SDRAM
ESD PROTECTION
DDR TERMINATOR
LOGIC
RF INPUT INTERFACE
LNA
CHANNEL
DECODER
CONTENT ACCESS CONTROL
ESD PROTECTION
IC CARD READER
LOGIC
DISCRETES
STB MAIN
PROCESSOR
key pad
IR
mains
TRANSMITTER
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT, POWER
MANAGEMENT, HUMAN INTERFACE
UC
POWER
DC-DC
POWER SUPPLY
DISCRETES
AUDIO VIDEO OUTPUTS
ESD PROTECTION
AUDIO DAC
VIDEO SWITCH
AUDIO SWITCH
DIGITAL AV INTERFACE
ESD PROTECTION
HDMI
CEC CONTROLLER
HDMI HDMI HDMI
PLL
BUS CONTROLLER
LOGIC
TEMP SENSOR
HDMI SWITCH
DDC BUFFER
HDMI RECEIVER
RTC
GPIO
brb540
AV outputs
S-VHS
SCART
VGA
YPbPr
L/R
HDMI
signalling
3
1. Power solutions
We specialize in saving power, and build on decades of expertise in
portable and battery-powered systems. Our GreenChip family, now in its
third generation, delivers best-in-class efficiency for power supplies, and our
broad portfolio of discretes help optimize power consumption throughout
the system.
1.1 AC/DC controllers
High-power GreenChip family TEA175x(L) and GreenChip SR family
TEA176x & TEA179x
Designed for switched-mode power supplies (SMPS), NXP’s extremely
efficient and highly integrated GreenChip ICs enable simple, cost-effective
power supplies with very few external components.
GreenChip III / SR: Flyback converters
TEA1571, TEA1752, TEA1761, TEA1762, TEA1791
• GEN3 SMPS controller & SR IC delivers
high efciency at all power levels
• Energy STAR V 2.0 compliant (87% eff.)
• Allows small adapter form factors
• High integration reduces external
component count, lowers overall cost
• Reduced design-in time with easy
controlled start-up behavior and V
• Special built-in green functions,
e.g. PFC switches off during stand-by,
lowload
• Standby power reduced by 100 mW
compared to conventional PFC solutions
• Minimizes losses on secondary side by
as much much as 5 W (rectifying diode
replaced by switch and smart controller IC)
• High protection level
Low-power STARplug family TEA152x
For simple STBs that use a power supply of less than 20 W (often called
“zapper” STBs), our STARplug family of SMPS ICs is the best fit.
cc
mngt
Type number Package R
TEA1520T/N2 SO-14 48 2 - 5 W Standby supply
TEA1520P/N2 DIP-8 48 2 - 5 W Standby supply
TEA1521T/N2 SO-14 24 3 - 7 W Standby s upply
TEA1521P/N2 DIP-8 24 3 - 7 W Standby supply
TEA1522T/N2 SO-14 12 7 - 9 W Stand by supp ly
TEA1522P/N2 DIP-8 12 7 - 9 W Standby supply
TEA1523P/N2 DIP-8 6.5 9 - 12 W Standby supply
DSon
Max output
power on
global mains
Application
example
>30 W SMPS IC TEA1733
Supporting power higher than 30 W, the TEA1733 is an ideal solution for
high-end STBs with multiple options (such as HDD for recording), and highend gateways that concentrate content reception at the home input.
Features
SMPS controller IC enabling low-cost applications
Large input voltage range (12 to 30 V)
Very low supply current during start-up and restart (10 μA typ)
Low supply current during normal operation (0.5 mA typ without load)
Over-power or high/low line compensation
Adjustable over-power time-out
Adjustable over-power restart timer
Fixed switching frequency with frequency jitter to reduce EMI
Frequency reduction with fixed minimum peak current to maintain high-
efficiency at low output power levels
Slope compensation for CCM operation
Low and adjustable over-current protection (OCP) trip level
Adjustable soft-start operation
Two protection inputs (e.g. for input UVP and OVP, OTP and output OVP)
IC over-temperature protection
4
1. Power solutions
1.2 Discretes
The power consumption of STBs and other consumer appliances is
progressively going down, because of new efficiency requirements
and new power conservation regulations. This trend, among other
factors, enables the usage of our new medium power Schottky diodes
in the AC/DC 12 V rail.
Our medium power Schottky diodes in SOD123W and SOD128
packages are used as freewheeling diodes on the secondary side,
with an operating range of 30 to 60 V and 1 to 5 A. Recommended
products include PMEG6030EP and PMEG4050EP.
• Our TL431xxFDT series offer enhanced EMI ruggedness, an
outstanding step response, and stability area for all SMPS
applications.
Schot tky
diodes
PMEG403 0ER SOD123W BZX84 J-SERIES SOD323F
PMEG4050EP SOD128
PMEG6030EP SOD128 BZX84 -SERIES SOT23 TL431XXFDT SOT23(SC74)
Zener diodes Analog ICs
5
2. RF reception stage
2.1 Silicon tuners
Our portfolio covers digital STBs for cable, satellite, and terrestrial
reception. We offer flexible platform development, whether the
system is being optimized for low cost or high performance. The
portfolio includes single and multiple tuners with optional loop-through
circuitry (but without external splitters), as well as the possibility
One product can be used for several designs, including cable and
terrestrial formats, and our software drivers simplify design work even
further. All our tuners deliver excellent performance and are suitable
for high-end analog/digital applications. Also, our products have been
validated against major standards worldwide.
to use several tuners in parallel for multistream viewing/recording.
NXP silicon tuners
Worldwide coverage • DVB-S, DVB-S2, DVB-C, DVB- C2, DVB-T, DVB-T2, ATSC A74, ISDB-T, DTMB, and more
Fully integrated • LNA, RF & Filters, Loo p Throu gh circ uitr y, RF split ters, and more
High perfor mance • Noise figure, AGC, maximum inp ut level, phase noise, image rejec tion, ACI, CSO, CTB, etc.
Validate d reference designs • ATSC A74, NorDig, CENELEC, DTG, and others
• More t han 1 billion MOPLL and IF ICs sold
Robus t technology
• Rigorous lab and fiel d testing
• Customer test-c ase validation
• System valid ation with par tners
Recommended tuners for cable STBs
Part number Europe China USA 1 GHz MOCA Filter Dual tuner Multiple tuner out Loop through
TDA18250
TDA18252
TDA18253
TDA18254A
TDA18260
• •
• • • •
• • • • •
• • • • • • •
• • • • • • • •
Recommended tuners for satellite STBs
Part number DVB-S DVB-S2 Single tuner Dual tuner Loop-through circuitry
CX24113A Yes No Yes No No No No
CX24118A Yes Yes Yes No No No No
CX24132 Yes Yes No Yes No No No
TDA20136 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No
TDA20142 Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes
LNA splitter &
RF switch
FTA LNA
Recommended tuners for terrestrial STBs
Part number
TDA18218
TDA18219
TDA18212
DVB-T
•
•
•
DVB-T2 ATSC ISDB-T/DTMB Cable compliant 2nd tuner output Loop through
No
Ok
Best
• • • • •
• • •
•
6
2. RF reception stage
2.2 LNA and loop-through switches
LNA BGU703x
For applications that require sensitivity and noise figure beyond what’s
already integrated into NXP’s high-performance silicon tuners, an
external LNA from the BGU703x series can be used in front of the tuner.
BGU703x series
BGU7031 LNA wit h fixed g ain
BGU7032 LNA wit h fixed g ain and bypass m ode
BGU7033 LNA wit h two gain levels and bypass mode
STB tuner
RF in
RF switch
BF11x8
RF out to TV
TV
LNAfilter
LNA
brb533
Silicon RF switch and MOSFET BF1108 and BF1118
NXP’s silicon tuners offer built-in loop-through functionality in standby
mode. Depending on the power requirements of the intended system,
designers may choose to implement the loop-through function outside
the tuner, using an external part. In this case, the BF1108/BF1118 is
the recommended solution. It lets the TV connection operate, without
quality loss, even when the STB is turned off. It is a depletion-type FET
and a band-switching diode in a single SOT143B package. Low loss and
high isolation provide excellent RF switching functions. The MOSFET
gate can be isolated from ground with the diode, resulting in low
losses. Integrated diodes between gate and source and between gate
and drain protect against excessive input voltage surges. The BF1108
operates at 5 V while the BF1118 is for designs using 3.3 V supply.
Features
Specially designed for low-loss RF switching up to 1 GHz
Easy to design-in
Power ON: high isolation (switch is open)
Power OFF: low losses (switch is closed)
ON or OFF, ZERO power consumption
7
3. Analog audio and video interfaces
3.1 Audio digital-to-analog
converters (DACs)
We offer a wide range of stereo DACs with serial inputs. The UDA133x
series uses the I2S interface, the UDA1352TS supports SPDIF formats,
and the UDA1355 is ideal for designs that require very complex audio
I/O schemes.
Audio DAC series UDA133x
Type Supply PLL Volume control Control Data formats Package
UDA1330ATS 2.7 to 5.5 V Digi tal logarithm I2C / L3 / Static
UDA1334ATS 2.4 to 3.6 V • Static
UDA1334BTS 2.4 to 3.6 V Static SSOP16
UDA1334BT 2.4 to 3.6 V Static SO16
2
I
S, LSB, or MSB justified;
16, 18, 20, 24 bit; 1 F
2
I
S, LSB justified;
16, 18, 20, 24 bit; 1 F
s
s
SSOP16
SSOP16
PLL0
PLL
DAC
NOISE SHAPER
DAC
V
DDA
V
O(L)
V
O(R)
V
V
REF
SSA
brb534
BCK
DATA1
SYSCLK/PLL1
MUTE
DEEM/CLKOUT
WS
SFOR1 SFOR0
DIGITAL INTERFACE
FILTER
DE-EMPHASES
INTERPOLATION
V
DDDVSSD
Audio DAC UDA1352TS
Type Output Control
UDA1352TS Stereo L3/I2C 5th 256 f s • • • • 40- bit dB Lin
Noise
shaper
Sys
clock
PLL
PCM
detec t
SPDIF
lock
AC-3/MPEG
detec t
Ch
status
Vol
control
DAC DSP Data formats Package
Anti- plop
Auto mute
Bass boost,
treble
IEC958 (SPDIF);
28 to 100 kHz
SSOP28
8
3. Analog audio and video interfaces
Audio codec UDA1355
An SPDIF codec for systems that require very complex audio I/O schemes.
Features
2.4 to 3.6 V supply voltage
SPDIF I/O codec
• 4 SPDIF inputs by select switch
• 1 SPDIF output
• Stereo analog I/O
I2C / L3 control and static mode of operation
Mixing features for 2 data streams
ADC with volume control -63.5 to 24 dB
DAC with sound processing
• Left/right volume control: -78 to 0 dB
• Left/right bass boost and treble control
• Optional resonant bass boost control
Multiple operating modes
• SPDIF to I2C to SPDIF + analog
• Analog to I2C to SPDIF
• SPDIF to analog
XTALIN
XTALOUT
VINR
RESET
RTCB
DATAI
BCKI
SPDIF0
SPDIF1
SPDIF2
SPDIF3
SLICER_SEL0
SLICER_SEL1
LOCK
TIMING
PROCESSOR
CONTROL
INTERFACE
MP2
AUDIO
FEATURE
SEL_STATIC
V
DDIVREFVDDE
INPUT
AND
OUTPUT
SELECT
MODE2
MODE0
MODE1
AUDIO
FEATURE
PROCESSOR
V
SSE
INTER-
POLATOR
DATA OUT
IEC 60958
ENCODER
UDA1355H
NOISE
SHAPER
V
DDA1
40
VOUTL
DAC
42
VOUTR
DAC
44
MUTE
9
WSO
8
DATAO
10
BCKO
5
SPDIFOUT
41
mgu826
V
SSA1
V
V
DDX
SSXVADCPVDDA2
12
15
13
XTAL
14
34
VINL
ADC
36
ADC
16
43
2
WSI
3
1
SLICER
23
24
25
26
21
22
4
33 35 28
V
ADCN
V
SSA2
CLK_OUT
32 37 27 38 6 3911
CLOCK AND
COMB
DECI-
FILTER
MATOR
DATA IN
IEC 60958
DECODER
29 30 31 20 17 18 19 7
V
SSIS
MP0
MP1
9
3. Analog audio and video interfaces
3.2 Audio and video switches
These switches support multiplexing and demultiplexing of analog
audio and video signals (including HD and UXGA) without signal
degradation.
Quad 5 V 2-1 video mux/demux NX5DV330
This single 5 V analog switch (4PCO/4PTT) supports a bandwidth of 300
MHz and offers 5 Ω on resistance. It is available in SO, SSOP, TSSOP,
and DQFN packages.
Low-ohmic audio switches NX3LXXXX
These switches can be used to connect the STB’s SoC to multiple
selectable connectors on the back panel, such as SCART, Y/C, and
YPbPr connections.
Features
Low-ohmic, on resistance RON <1.0 Ω for minimal signal attenuation
-90 dB isolation and crosstalk for superior signal integrity
Low current consumption for higher power savings
Low RON / CON combination adds performance and flexibility:
• Digital data switching in portable applications
• Analog functions in audio applications
• Audio and data multiplexing around interface
7.5 kV ESD performance or better
Built-in “translator/level shifter” function (“T” models only)
• interfaces more easily with low voltage ASIC applications
• reduces component count
Smallest footprint: PicoGate and MicroPak packages with 0.35 mm pitch
10
3. Analog audio and video interfaces
3.3 ESD protection for analog AV
interfaces
We offer discrete and integrated ESD protection devices for all the audio
and video interfaces commonly used by an STB, so it’s easy to find the
right configuration for a given application layout.
ESD protection for SCART
As shown in the diagrams, the IP4220CZ6 and the IP4221-S/XS can be
used to protect SCART signals, as can the IP4283CZ10 and IP4282CZ6.
Other configurations are also possible.
IP4220CZ6 and IP4221-S/XS configuration
IP4283CZ10 and IP4282CZ6 configuration
ESD protection for YC, YPbPr, audio L/R, RGB, and other interfaces
For A/V interfaces, we recommend the integrated solutions IP4283,
IP4282, IP4220 or IP4221-S/XS. For audio interfaces, use the PESD5V0S1BB. For SVHS, use the PESD5V0S1UB, and for SCART/YPbPr interfaces,
use either the PESD5V0S5UD or the PESD5V0L7BS.
11
3. Analog audio and video interfaces
ESD protection with level shifters/buffers for VGA interfaces
For designs that include a VGA output connector that connects to the
VGA plug of a TV or PC monitor, we recommend the integrated solutions listed in the table. These devices combine ESD protection and
sync signal buffering, along with DDC level shifting, in a single package.
Other options include the IP4283CZ10 and PRTR5V0U8S as well as the
discrete solution PESD5V0S1UB, which is housed in an SOD523 package.
Part number Features
IP4770/1/2CZ16
IP4770CZ16: Sync buffer Rout = 55
IP4771CZ16: Sync buffer Rout = 65
IP4772CZ16: Sync buf fer Rout = 10
Ω
Ω
Ω
IEC61000 -4-2, level 4
DDC level shif ting
H-sy nc buf fer
V-sync buffer
IP4769CZ14
IP4774CZ14
Sync buffer Rout = 10
IEC61000 -4-2, level 4
DDC level shif ting
IEC61000 -4-2, level 4
Ω
H-sy nc buf fer
12
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