Novatel Wireless NRM-EG301 Users Manual
Technical Manual
with Specifications
Merlin and Expedite GPRS Products
P/N 90023363 Rev. 1.8
Notice: Restricted Proprietary Information
© Copyright Novatel Wireless Technologies Ltd. (2002)
The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of Novatel Wireless Technologies Ltd. All rights
reserved. Unauthorized reproduction of this manual in any form without the expressed written approval of Novatel Wireless
Technologies Ltd is strictly prohibited. This manual may not, in whole or in part, be copied, reproduced, translated, or
reduced to any electronic or magnetic storage medium without the written consent of a duly authorized officer of Novatel
Wireless Technologies Ltd.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a
commitment by Novatel Wireless Technologies Ltd. unless such commitment is expressly given in a covering document.
Novatel Wireless Technologies Ltd makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, regarding this document, its
merchantability, or its fitness, for any particular purpose.
Printed and produced in Canada.
i
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Product Overview
Introduction to GSM and GPRS ....................................................................................2
GSM Technology............................................................................................................................. 2
Advantages of GPRS ...................................................................................................................... 3
GPRS Network Architecture ............................................................................................................ 4
Data Rates ...................................................................................................................................... 6
SIM .................................................................................................................................................. 6
Operational Features......................................................................................................7
Notices.............................................................................................................................8
Safety Warning ...................................................................................................................................... 8
FCC RF Interference Statement ............................................................................................................ 9
Regulatory Requirements ...................................................................................................................... 9
Technical Support Contacts ................................................................................................................. 11
Limited Warranty and Liability.............................................................................................................. 11
Icon Usage .................................................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2:
Specifications
Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications .........................................................................15
Merlin General Specifications .............................................................................................................. 16
Merlin Physical Appearance ................................................................................................................ 18
PC Card Connector Pin Assignment.................................................................................................... 20
Interfaces ............................................................................................................................................. 22
Modes .................................................................................................................................................. 23
Expedite G301 OEM Module Specifications...............................................................24
Expedite General Specifications ................................................................................................... 24
Expedite Physical Appearance...................................................................................................... 25
Interfaces ............................................................................................................................................. 26
Modem Power-On and Wake up Strategy..................................................................................... 27
Serial Ports .................................................................................................................................... 28
GPIO ............................................................................................................................................. 28
Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) ................................................................................................ 29
Audio Port...................................................................................................................................... 29
Subscriber Identity Module Support ..............................................................................................29
Electrostatic Discharge and Electromagnetic Interference............................................................ 29
Expedite Electrical Specifications ........................................................................................................ 30
Power Supply ................................................................................................................................ 30
Interface Signals............................................................................................................................ 31
Power-on and Wake-up Timing Characteristics ............................................................................ 34
Baseband Connector on Expedite................................................................................................ 36
Baseband Mating Connector on the Host ..................................................................................... 37
Baseband Connector Pin Numbering............................................................................................ 37
Antenna Port ................................................................................................................................ 38
Antenna Connector ....................................................................................................................... 38
Mating Antenna Connector............................................................................................................ 38
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Mounting Features.........................................................................................................................38
Air Interface .................................................................................................................. 38
Subscriber Identification Module (SIM)...................................................................... 39
Modes of Operation ..................................................................................................... 40
Sleep..............................................................................................................................................40
SMS Messaging.............................................................................................................................40
Circuit Switched .............................................................................................................................40
GPRS Data ....................................................................................................................................40
Standby..........................................................................................................................................41
Application Information............................................................................................... 41
Chapter 3: AT Commands
AT Command Set by Function .............................................................................................................44
AT Command Set by Name .................................................................................................................53
A/..........................................................................................................................................................53
+++ .......................................................................................................................................................53
ATA ......................................................................................................................................................54
ATD[<n>][mgsm>] ................................................................................................................................54
ATD[<mem><loc>][<mgsm>] ...............................................................................................................56
ATD[<ploc>][<mgsm>] .........................................................................................................................57
ATD[<str>][<mgsm>] ............................................................................................................................59
ATDL ....................................................................................................................................................61
ATE ......................................................................................................................................................62
ATH ......................................................................................................................................................62
ATI........................................................................................................................................................63
ATI0......................................................................................................................................................63
ATL.......................................................................................................................................................63
ATM......................................................................................................................................................64
ATO......................................................................................................................................................64
ATP ......................................................................................................................................................65
ATQ......................................................................................................................................................65
ATS0 ....................................................................................................................................................66
ATS2 ....................................................................................................................................................66
ATS3 ....................................................................................................................................................67
ATS4 ....................................................................................................................................................67
ATS5 ....................................................................................................................................................68
ATS6 ....................................................................................................................................................69
ATS7 ....................................................................................................................................................69
ATS8 ....................................................................................................................................................70
ATS10 ..................................................................................................................................................70
ATS12 ..................................................................................................................................................71
ATT ......................................................................................................................................................71
ATV ......................................................................................................................................................72
ATX ......................................................................................................................................................72
ATZ ......................................................................................................................................................73
AT&C....................................................................................................................................................74
AT&D....................................................................................................................................................74
AT&F ....................................................................................................................................................74
AT&V ....................................................................................................................................................75
AT&W ...................................................................................................................................................76
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AT+CACM............................................................................................................................................ 76
AT+CALM ............................................................................................................................................ 76
AT+CAMM ........................................................................................................................................... 77
AT+CAOC............................................................................................................................................ 77
AT+CBC............................................................................................................................................... 78
AT+CBST............................................................................................................................................. 79
AT+CCFC ............................................................................................................................................ 80
AT+CCLK............................................................................................................................................. 81
AT+CCUG............................................................................................................................................ 82
AT+CCWA ........................................................................................................................................... 82
AT+CCWE ........................................................................................................................................... 84
AT+CDRIND ........................................................................................................................................ 84
AT+CEER ............................................................................................................................................ 85
AT+CEXTBUT ..................................................................................................................................... 85
AT+CEXTHS........................................................................................................................................ 86
AT+CFUN ............................................................................................................................................ 86
AT+CGACT.......................................................................................................................................... 87
AT+CGAPNR....................................................................................................................................... 87
AT+CGAPNW ...................................................................................................................................... 88
AT+CGATT .......................................................................................................................................... 89
AT+CGCLASS ..................................................................................................................................... 89
AT+CGDCONT .................................................................................................................................... 89
AT+CGEREP ....................................................................................................................................... 91
AT+CGMI............................................................................................................................................. 92
AT+CGMM........................................................................................................................................... 92
AT+CGMR ........................................................................................................................................... 92
AT+CGOI ............................................................................................................................................. 93
AT+CGPADDR .................................................................................................................................... 93
AT+CGQMIN ....................................................................................................................................... 93
AT+CGQREQ ...................................................................................................................................... 94
AT+CGREG ......................................................................................................................................... 95
AT+CGSMS ......................................................................................................................................... 95
AT+CGSN............................................................................................................................................ 96
AT+CHLD ............................................................................................................................................ 97
AT+CIMI............................................................................................................................................... 97
AT+CLCC ............................................................................................................................................ 97
AT+CLCK............................................................................................................................................. 99
AT+CLDTMF...................................................................................................................................... 100
AT+CLIP ............................................................................................................................................ 101
AT+CLIR ............................................................................................................................................ 101
AT+CLTS ........................................................................................................................................... 102
AT+CLVL ........................................................................................................................................... 102
AT+CMEE.......................................................................................................................................... 103
AT+CMGD ......................................................................................................................................... 103
AT+CMGF.......................................................................................................................................... 103
AT+CMGL.......................................................................................................................................... 104
AT+CMGR ......................................................................................................................................... 106
AT+CMGW ........................................................................................................................................ 108
AT+CMSS.......................................................................................................................................... 109
AT+CMUT.......................................................................................................................................... 110
AT+CMUX.......................................................................................................................................... 110
AT+CNMI ........................................................................................................................................... 111
AT+CNUM ......................................................................................................................................... 112
AT+COLP .......................................................................................................................................... 113
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AT+COPN ..........................................................................................................................................114
AT+COPS ..........................................................................................................................................115
AT+CPAS...........................................................................................................................................116
AT+CPBF ...........................................................................................................................................116
AT+CPBR...........................................................................................................................................117
AT+CPBS...........................................................................................................................................118
AT+CPBW..........................................................................................................................................118
AT+CPIN ............................................................................................................................................119
AT+CPMS ..........................................................................................................................................120
AT+CPOL...........................................................................................................................................120
AT+CPUC ..........................................................................................................................................121
AT+CPWD..........................................................................................................................................121
AT+CR ...............................................................................................................................................123
AT+CRC.............................................................................................................................................123
AT+CREG ..........................................................................................................................................124
AT+CRES...........................................................................................................................................124
AT+CRLP ...........................................................................................................................................125
AT+CRSL ...........................................................................................................................................125
AT+CSAS...........................................................................................................................................126
AT+CSCA...........................................................................................................................................126
AT+CSCB...........................................................................................................................................127
AT+CSCS...........................................................................................................................................127
AT+CSDH ..........................................................................................................................................128
AT+CSIM............................................................................................................................................128
AT+CSMINS.......................................................................................................................................129
AT+CSMP ..........................................................................................................................................129
AT+CSMS ..........................................................................................................................................130
AT+CSQ.............................................................................................................................................131
AT+CSSN...........................................................................................................................................131
AT+CSTA ...........................................................................................................................................131
AT+CUSD ..........................................................................................................................................132
AT+DR ...............................................................................................................................................132
AT+DS................................................................................................................................................133
AT+FCLASS.......................................................................................................................................134
AT+FMI ..............................................................................................................................................134
AT+FMM ............................................................................................................................................135
AT+FMR.............................................................................................................................................135
AT+GCAP ..........................................................................................................................................135
AT+GMI..............................................................................................................................................136
AT+GMM............................................................................................................................................136
AT+GMR ............................................................................................................................................136
AT+GOI ..............................................................................................................................................137
AT+GSN.............................................................................................................................................137
AT+ICF...............................................................................................................................................137
AT+IFC...............................................................................................................................................138
AT+ILRR ............................................................................................................................................139
AT+IPR...............................................................................................................................................139
AT+NWOPN.......................................................................................................................................140
AT+NWRST .......................................................................................................................................140
AT+NWSIM ........................................................................................................................................140
AT+NWW ...........................................................................................................................................140
AT+VTD .............................................................................................................................................140
AT+VTS..............................................................................................................................................141
CME ERROR Codes for GSM 07.07 Commands ..............................................................................142
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CMS Error Codes for GSM 07.05 Commands................................................................................... 143
Chapter 4: Firmware Setup and Upgrades
Updating Expedite Firmware.............................................................................................................. 145
Updating Merlin Firmware.................................................................................................................. 147
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................. 151
Chapter 5: Software Interface
Point-to-Point Protocol Interface ........................................................................................................ 156
Status Interface.................................................................................................................................. 156
Software Architecture......................................................................................................................... 157
Wireline Modem Interface .................................................................................................................. 158
Wrapper Protocol Overview ............................................................................................................... 158
Appendix A - Expedite Connectors ..........................................................................159
Appendix B - Merlin Connectors...............................................................................167
Merlin G100 Connectors .................................................................................................................... 167
Merlin G200 Connectors .................................................................................................................... 171
Appendix C – Expedite Development Kit Interface Board......................................177
Glossary ......................................................................................................................179
Index ............................................................................................................................185
P/N 90023363 Revision 1.8
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Revision 1.8 P/N 90023363
Chapter 1: Product
Overview
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a digital, packet-switched, data
extension to the GSM voice and circuit-switched data network. GPRS
substitutes binary data for the voice data which is subsequently routed to a data
network (internet) rather than the public switched telephone network. This
routing features enables high-speed data communication on a global wireless
network, using the same frequency bands as the underlying GSM network.
GPRS provides single band 1900 MHz support within North America and dual
band support (900/1800 MHz) elsewhere in the world. Novatel Wireless products
provide fast and reliable wireless data communications at speeds up to
53.6 kbps in GPRS coverage areas, and circuit switched data to 14.4 kbps in
GSM coverage areas. (Where a network is set up for Multi-slot class 10 (MS-10)
and Coding Scheme 2 (CS-2), the maximum data rates with GPRS service are
53.6 kbps for uploading data and 26.8 kbps for downloading data.)
Adopted by 149 countries around the world, GSM is the most widely used digital
wireless standard in the world, with more than 330 million subscribers world
wide. The GSM association predicts that the number of subscribers will more
than triple by the year 2003.
Novatel Wireless GPRS/GSM products consist of the following.
• Merlin G100 PC Card (1900 MHz band) for North America.
• Merlin G200 PC Card (900/1800 MHz bands) for Europe and Asia.
• Merlin G201 PC Card, same as the G200 with a voice jack to make GSM
voice calls.
• Merlin G301 PC Card (900/1800/1900 MHz bands) for worldwide access
to GSM/GPRS networks.
• Expedite G301 OEM Module (900/1800/1900 MHz bands) for embedding
into wireless products for global GSM/GPRS access. The Expedite G301
is a triband OEM module that can be used in either the North American or
European markets.
Topics Included in this Chapter
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Introduction to GSM and GPRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Operational Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
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2 Product Overview — Introduction to GSM and GPRS
Introduction to GSM and GPRS
GPRS is a packet-switched technology, meaning that on a GPRS network, information is
split into separate but related packets before being transmitted and reassembled upon
receiving. The use of packets allows for greater transport flexibility, as the data is not tied
to one specific transport protocol (TCP, LAT,.25X and Telnet are examples of other
transport protocols).
As well as providing the user with design and development information, this chapter will
also provide the user with information on the following GPRS elements:
• network requirements
• local system requirements
• Interfaces
• hardware
•air
• electrical
• hardware (including pinout assignments)
• SIM card functions
GSM Technology
GSM uses a time division multiplexing access method that permits up to eight users to
communicate using one frequency channel. The channel is broken up into eight time slots
with each slot operating independently, sending data between the network and the mobile
device.
Figure 1 GSM–Merlin Interface
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — Introduction to GSM and GPRS 3
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a digital, packet-switched, data extension to the
GSM voice and circuit-switched data network. In short, it substitutes binary data for the
voice data, which is subsequently routed to a data network, the Internet, rather than the
public switched telephone network. This enables high-speed data communication on a
global wireless standard, using the same frequency bands as the underlying GSM
network.
Advantages of GPRS
The advantage of a packet-based approach is that GPRS only uses the medium, in this
case the radio link, for the duration of time that data is being sent or received. GPRS has
one distinct advantage over the traditional GSM in that a channel is not dedicated to one
user. Communication channels are being used on a “shared-use as packets are needed”
basis rather than dedicated to one user at a time. This means that multiple users can
share the same radio channel. In contrast, with current circuit-switched connections,
users have dedicated connections during their entire call, whether they are sending data
or not. Many applications have idle periods during a session, with packet data, users will
only pay for the amount of data they actually communicate, and not the idle time.
Figure 2 GSM Vs. GPRS Data Transfer
P/N 9002363 Revision 1.8
4 Product Overview — Introduction to GSM and GPRS
GPRS Network Architecture
To better understand GPRS, we take a quick tour beginning with the mobile PC and
traversing through the network. First, we have a notebook computer connected to a
GPRS-capable modem through a serial cable, Universal Serial Bus (USB), or PC Card.
The GPRS modem communicates with GSM base stations, but unlike circuit-switched
data calls that are connected to voice networks by the mobile switching center, GPRS
packets are sent from the base station (BTS) to what is called a Serving GPRS Support
Node (SGSN).
Enabling GPRS on a GSM network requires the addition of two core modules:
• Gateway GPRS Service Module (GGSN)
The GGSN acts as a gateway between the GPRS network and the Public Data
Networks such as IP. GGSN’s also connect to other GPRS networks to facilitate
GPRS roaming.
• Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
The SGSN provides packet routing to and from the SGSN service node for all
users in that particular service area. It also keeps track of the mobiles within its
service area. The SGSN communicates with what is called the Gateway GPRS
Support Node (GGSN), a system that maintains connections with other networks
such as the Internet or private networks. A GPRS network can use multiple
serving nodes, but requires only one gateway node for connecting to an external
network such as the Internet.
When the mobile station sends packets of data, it is via the SGSN to the GGSN, which
converts them for transmission over the desired network, which could be the Internet
networks or private networks. IP packets from the internet addressed for the mobile
station are received by the GGSN, forwarded to the SGSN and then transmitted to the
mobile station.
To forward IP packets between each other, the SGSN and GGSN encapsulate these
packets using a specialized protocol called the GPRS tunnel protocol (GTP) which
operates over top of standard TCP/IP protocols. The details of the SGSN and GGSN are
both invisible and irrelevant to the user who simply experiences a straight forward IP
connection that just happens to be wireless. See Figure 3 GPRS Network Architecture
below for an illustrated display of the GPRS network.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — Introduction to GSM and GPRS 5
Figure 3 GPRS Network Architecture
An interesting aspect of GPRS is how it achieves its high speeds to over 100 kbps when
circuit-switched data today is limited to 9600 (baud rate) or 14.4 kbps. GPRS uses the
same radio channel as voice calls, a channel that is 200 kHz wide. This radio channel
carries a raw digital radio stream of 271 kbps, which for voice calls is divided into 8
separate data streams, each carrying about 34 kbps. After protocol and error correction
13 kbps remains for each voice connection or about 14 kbps for data.
Circuit-switched data today uses one voice channel. GPRS can combine up to 8 of these
channels, and since each of these can deliver up to 14 kbps of data throughput, the net
result is that users will be able to enjoy rates over 100 Kbps. But not all eight-voice
channels have to be used. In fact, most mobile stations (MS) will be ones that are limited
to 56 kbps. The GPRS standard defines a mechanism by which a MS can request the
amount of bandwidth it desires at the time it establishes a data session.
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6 Product Overview — Introduction to GSM and GPRS
Data Rates
Four major factors affect actual GPRS data rates:
•Multi-slot Class
Each timeslot can handle a given amount of data, established through
negotiation between the device and the network.
• Channel Coding Scheme
Four CS schemes are defined, each with a different level of error correction
(basically “overhead”, similar to CDPD, which takes the 19.2 down to a real
data rate somewhere between 10 and 12 kbps). As the amount of error
correction is reduced, the quantity of data in the packets increases, but the
probability that packets of data will need to be retransmitted increases.
Conversely, as the amount of error correction increases, less data can be sent
in each packet or timeslot, but the chance that re-transmission of packets is
required decreases. With no error correction, a maximum of 21.4 kbps per
channel can be supported - which, at the maximum 8 timeslots, equals 171.2
(for CS-4) kbps. At CS-1, there is 9.05 kbps per timeslot; this increases to
13.4 kbps per timeslot at CS-2 and 15.6 kbps per time slot at CS-3.
• Network Capacity
The device and the network will negotiate the appropriate combination of MS
class and CS scheme to determine the actual data, based on capabilities of
the device, and how busy the network is at a given point in time.
Because GPRS is an extension of the digital voice GSM network, voice calls
will always take priority over data calls (real time voice is more important than
data); therefore real data rates will, in many cases, be lower than the device
can support.
• Quality of Service (QoS)
There is the ability to assign a Quality of Service to a specific account. The
QoS is used to guarantee a certain data rate as well as capacity.
Most devices will be limited to MS-10, which, at CS-2, is a maximum of 53.6
kbps (4 * 13.4 = 53.6) Rx and 26.8 kbps (4 * 13.4) Rx, or nominally 56 and 28.
SIM
GPRS requires a unique SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card for each device. The SIM
Card identifies individual users to the network for billing and other purposes, ensures a
common set of SIM-based features, and maintains security with other GSM devices.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — Operational Features 7
Merlin modem
SIM card
A SIM card must be present in the device at all times to allow network access.
A SIM card is required for all PC Card functions except emergency calls.
SIM cards can be moved from one device to another without the need to inform the
network carrier. SIM cards may be configured differently to support different modes of
operation.
Operational Features
Table 2: Summary of Operational Features
Feature Description
Class of Operation Class B: Modem supports both GSM CSD and GPRS Packet data, but will not support
GSM Circuit Switched Data
(CSD)
General Packet Data Service
(GPRS)
SMS (Short Messaging Service)
Voice (May not be supported
on all devices)
AT Commands Standard GSM AT Command set with enhancements (See Chapter 3: AT Com-
both simultaneously
Transparent and non-transparent CSD over GSM networks up to 14.4kbps
• MS-10 operation
• Type 1 device (Simplex RF operation)
• up to 4 receive slots, up to 2 transmit slots, for a combined maximum of 5 slots
• 4/1, 3/1,3/2,2/2, 2/1 combination provides theoretical rates of up to 56 kbps
receive and 28 kbps transmit
• automatically maintains GPRS virtual circuit when CSD or Voice traffic is present
Mobile originated and mobile terminated SMS messages.
Supports voice communication using any differential headset.
mands).
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8 Product Overview — Notices
Feature Description
Software Interface • standard GSM AT Command set with enhancements
• supports PPP protocols for external hosting
• supports channel coding schemes CS-1 and CS-2
Software included • Compatible with Windows 98SE/ME/2000/XP, Windows NT 4.0 SP4, Pocket PC
Approvals • Full Type Approval, compliant to GSM Phase 2+ standard (all)
Frequency Band • PCS 1900 North American GSM (Merlin G100) or
Data Power Connector • standard 16 bit PCMCIA PC Card Interface
SIM Card • SIM card supplied by the carrier as a separate item. Expedite provides connection
Antenna Interface • standard 50-ohm MMCX antenna termination (Expedite G301, Merlin G201)
Output Power Level • GSM Power Class 1 (1 watt/30 dBm, max Tx power) at DCS 1800 and PCS 1900
Temperature
3.0 and Pocket PC 2002
• FCC Part 15 and Part 24 (PCS1900) (Merlin G100, G301, Expedite G301)
• Essential requirements of the Radio and Telecommunications Terminal
Equipment (R&TTE) Directive, 1999/5/EC; 3GPP TS 51.010-1 Digital Cellular
Telecommunications SYstem (Phase 2+) Mobile Station (MS) conformance
Specification; Part 1: Conformance Specification (Merlin G201,G301)
• GSM 900 / DCS 1800 (Merlin G200 series) or
• GSM 900 / PCS 1900 / DCS 1800 (Merlin G301 and Expedite G301)
• 70 pin electrical interface for Expedite
signals for an external SIM Module
• standard 50-ohm Radial MC card type antenna connector (Merlin G100)
frequency bands.
• GSM Power Class 4 (2 watt/33dBm, max Tx power) at GSM 900 frequency bands
• Operating -10
• Storage -30
o
C to +55 oC
o
C to +75 oC
Power Supply • nominal 3.6 volt DC supply for Expedite module
Notices
Safety Warning
Neither Merlin or Expedite GPRS products may be used in an environment where radio
frequency equipment is prohibited or restricted in its use. This includes aircraft/airports,
hospitals, and other sensitive electronic areas. To ensure that the modem is deactivated
remove it from the computer under the above conditions.
Under extended operation the Merlin modem will generate a noticeable amount of heat.
Like all PC Cards, the modem generates heat during normal operation and will be heated
by the host computer. For this reason it is recommended that after extended periods of
operation, prior to removal and handling, the user allow the modem to cool down.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — No ti c e s 9
FCC RF Interference Statement
Federal Communications Commission Radio Frequency Interference Statement.
This equipment has been certified to comply within the limits of a class B digital device
pursuant to part 15 and Part 24 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in residential situations. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and, if not properly
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, or to laptop computers and PDAs. This can be determined
by turning the equipment on and off. The user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna of the television, radio or cordless
telephone.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
• Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional
suggestions
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device
must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
Regulatory Requirements
The regulatory requirements for the embedded module may include the following,
depending on the market where the module will be sold.
United States of America
FCC CFR47 Part 2 (General Rules and Regulations, RF Exposure Evaluation)
FCC CFR47 Part 15 (All Radio Frequency Devices)
FCC CFR47 Part 24 (Narrow and wideband PCS modules)
Canada
Industry Canada RSS-118 (Cellular Band)
Industry Canada RSS-102 (RF Exposure)
Industry Canada RSS-133 (2GHz PCS band)
Europe and Asia
Radio and Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) Directive, 1999/5/EC.”
Mobile Station (MS) Conformance Specification Part 1:3GPP TS 51.010-1.
Harmonized Radio Standard ETSI EN 301 511 V.7.0.1
P/N 9002363 Revision 1.8
10 Product Overview — Notices
Additional regulatory information for Asia will be made available in future versions of this
document.
Radio Frequency Exposure Evaluation Requirements
In general, for the United States market, the embedded modules are treated as “mobile
devices” as per FCC CFR47 paragraph 2.1091.
A mobile device is defined as “a transmitting device designed to be used in other than
fixed locations and to generally be used in such a way that a separation distance of at
least 20 cm is normally maintained between the transmitter’s radiating structure(s) and
the body of the user or nearby persons.” The antenna type used for the radio frequency
exposure evaluation must be specified in the documentation and sold with the module. If
the module is used with a different antenna type and/or in a design where the separation
distance of 20 cm is not normally maintained, the radio frequency exposure evaluation
should be repeated for the new configuration. In some cases the module use may fit the
definition of “portable devices” as per FCC CFR47 paragraph 2.1093.
Some devices are not subject to radio frequency exposure evaluation prior to
equipment authorization, depending on the transmitter power level and
frequency band of operation.
Regulation and Compliance
The Merlin G100 conforms to ETSI EN 300 607-1 for the digital cellular
telecommunications system (Phase 2+) mobile station conformance specification, Part 1
Conformance Specification.
Merlin G200 Declaration of Conformity
The Merlin G200 Series (G200, G201) conforms to the essential requirements of the
Council Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and the Council on the basis of
Technical Construction. File titled “Merlin G200/G201” in relation to the essential
requirements of Article 3.2 of the Directive.
Technical Support Contacts
To obtain technical support for a Merlin GPRS PC Card, please contact the provider of
your GPRS SIM card, your local GSM/GPRS service operator, or the supplier of your
Merlin GPRS PC Card. Where local support is not available, contact the Novatel Wireless
Technical Support Team.
WWW: www.nvtl.com/support/index.htm
Email: gprs_support@nvtl.com
To obtain technical support for an Expedite GPRS OEM module, please contact your
NVTL sales agent to arrange a direct support contact.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — N o ti ces 11
Limited Warranty and Liability
Hardware Warranty
Novatel Wireless™ warrants that during the Warranty Period that:
1. the Product will be free from defects in material and workmanship under
normal use and service and will conform to Novatel Wireless’s (Novatel
Wireless Technologies™) specifications
2. the software will be free from error that materially affect performance
Products
One (1) year
Accessories
90 days (in each case from the date sold by Purchaser)
These warranties are expressly written in lieu of all other warranties, either expressed or
implied, including, without limitation, all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
for a particular purpose. Novatel Wireless™ liability hereunder is expressly limited to
refund of all amounts paid to Novatel Wireless™ for any defective units or products,
whether Novatel Wireless™ liability arises from breach of warranty, or with respect to any
obligation arising from breach of warranty, or otherwise with respect to the manufacture
and sale of any units of the product, whether liability is asserted in contract or tort,
including negligence and strict product liability. Novatel Wireless™ shall in no event be
liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind or nature due
to any cause.
Purchaser’s exclusive remedy for a claim under this warranty shall be limited to the repair
or replacement, at Novatel Wireless™’s option, of defective or nonconforming materials,
parts or components.
The foregoing warranties do not extend to the following:
• nonconformities, defects or errors in the Products due to accident, abuse,
misuse or negligent use of the Products or use in other than a normal and
customary manner, environmental conditions not conforming to Novatel
Wireless™’s specifications, or failure to follow prescribed installation,
operating and maintenance procedures
• defects, errors or nonconformities in the Products due to modifications,
alterations, additions or changes not made in accordance with Novatel
Wireless™’s specifications or authorized by Novatel Wireless™
• normal wear and tear
• damage caused by force of nature or act of any third person, (v) shipping
damage
• service or repair of Product by the Purchaser without prior written consent
from Novatel Wireless™
P/N 9002363 Revision 1.8
12 Product Overview — Notices
• products designated by Novatel Wireless™ as beta site test samples,
experimental, developmental, preproduction, sample, incomplete or out of
specification Products
• returned Products if the original identification marks have been removed or
altered
Software Warranty
Novatel Wireless™ warrants that for a period of 12 months from delivery at the FCA
point, that the Products are free from defects in material and workmanship, conform to
Novatel Wireless™ specifications and the software is free from errors which materially
affect performance. This warranty is exclusive and Novatel Wireless™ makes no
representation or warranty of any other kind, express or implied, with respect to its
products, whether as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or any other
matter. The foregoing warranty does not extend to (i) non-conformities, defects or errors
in the Products due to accident, abuse, misuse or negligent use of the Products or use in
other than a normal or customary manner, environmental conditions not conforming to
Novatel Wireless™’s specifications, or failure to follow prescribed operating and/or
maintenance procedures; (ii) defects, errors or non-conformity in the Products due to
modifications, alterations, additions, or changes not made or authorized to be made by
Novatel Wireless™; (iii) normal wear and tear; or (iv) damage caused by force of nature
or act of any third party.
• Novatel Wireless™’s obligations are limited to correction of a failure or defect in
the Products by implementation of a module swap whenever practicable. Novatel
Wireless™ does not warrant that the execution of the software shall be
uninterrupted or error free.
• In the event of a warranty claim, the Purchaser shall return the Products to Novatel
Wireless™’s Calgary facility for testing and examination at the Purchaser’s
expense. After testing and examination Novatel Wireless™ shall either:
• determine the claim is a valid warranty claim in which case the Products
will be repaired and returned to the Purchaser at Novatel Wireless™’s cost
and the Purchaser shall be reimbursed for the original cost of shipping the
Products to Novatel Wireless™ to evaluate the warranty claim
or
• determine the claim is not valid or that the warranty has been voided in
which case the Products shall be returned to the Purchaser at the
Purchaser’s cost
• Purchaser’s exclusive remedy for claims arising hereunder shall be for damages.
Novatel Wireless™’s liability for any and all losses and damages to purchaser
resulting from any cause whatsoever including Novatel Wireless™’s negligence or
alleged damage or defective products, irrespective of whether such defects are
discoverable or latent, shall in no event exceed the purchase price of the particular
products with respect to which losses or damages are claimed, or at Novatel
Wireless™’s election, the repair or replacement of defective or damaged products
or the issuance of a credit memo in lieu thereof. In no event, including in the case
of a claim of negligence, shall Novatel Wireless™ be liable for incidental or
consequential damages.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Product Overview — No ti c e s 13
Novatel Wireless™ may, at its discretion, implement changes in the Products, modify the
drawings and its specifications for the Products, or substitute product of more recent
design; provided, however, that any such changes, modifications or substitutions, under
normal and proper use shall not materially and adversely affect functional performance,
form or fit of the Products. Novatel Wireless™ agrees to use reasonable efforts to provide
the Purchaser with 30 days written notice of such changes.
Version Compatibility
Novatel Wireless™ will make all efforts to ensure that firmware upgrades are backwards
compatible with earlier versions of both firmware and hardware. Hardware revisions
introduced must be used with factory loaded firmware or a compatible version of a later
release. At no time will Novatel Wireless™ warrant a device which is loaded with a
firmware version which predates the devices hardware revision date.
Validity of Warranty Claim
The validity of any warranty claim shall be subject to, and conditional upon confirmation
by Novatel Wireless™ within 30 days from receipt of such claim. Postage, freight or other
such transportation charges for shipping parts subject to the warranty claim to an
authorized Novatel Wireless™ repair facility shall be borne by Purchaser. The Purchaser
agrees to pay an additional $40/unit to cover the cost testing and handling for any unit
submitted which is determined by Novatel Wireless™ to be invalid claim. Novatel
Wireless™ shall bear the cost of postage, freight or other such transportation charges for
the return to Purchaser provided the warranty claim is determined by Novatel Wireless™
to be a valid claim. Any unit repaired or replaced under warranty shall be warranted only
for the balance of the warranty period already in effect for the original item or if the
balance of the warranty period is less than 90 days, the warranty shall be for 90 days from
the date of repair or replacement.
Care, Repair and Return
The following criteria must be met prior to returning products to Novatel Wireless Inc™.:
• Contact our Technical Support
(RMA) number. An RMA number is valid for 15 business days and must be received
within those 15 days.
The following information must be provided:
• IMEI or serial number
• reason for return
• original invoice (if possible)
• user name, phone number, email address
• charging information
• Returns on defective products are not subject to the 15% restocking fee. The
product defect must be verified by the Novatel Wireless™ Technical Support staff
before a replacement unit or refund is issued.
• Defective products that are returned outside of the 30 day period, but still covered
by Novatel Wireless™ Limited Warranty will either be repaired or replaced. No
refund is issued on these units.
team to obtain a Return Material Authorization
P/N 9002363 Revision 1.8
14 Product Overview — Notices
• Returns on defective products that are no longer covered by the Novatel Wireless™
Limited Warranty will be subject to a repair fee. Please contact our Technical
Support staff for more information.
• Returns on opened, non-defective product are subject to a 15% restocking fee. All
items must be in “as new” condition, in the original packaging and include all
warranty cards, documentation and software. Should any items be missing the user
will be billed or a portion of the refund will be deducted.
• There will be a $15.00 repackaging fee for products not returned in the original
packaging. The user is responsible for shipping costs on all returns.
• There are no returns for credit on product accessories.
Mailing Address
Novatel Wireless, Inc™.
9360 Towne Centre Drive, Suite 110
San Diego, CA 92121-3030
Icon Usage
Throughout this manual icons are used to signify information that may require special
attention. The icons are as follows:
Note: Signifies an item that may be noted and used in more then one
situation.
Hint: Signifies a time saver or a specific function that must be performed in
order to experience success. May also indicate that a shortcut may be used.
Reference Material: Other sources of information exist and may be referred
to.
Warning: Performing a specific function may cause an operation to fail,
subsequently losing information or affecting system performance.
Revision 1.8 P/N 9002363
Chapter 2:
Specifications
This section contains specifications for Merlin G100 and G200 GPRS PC Card
modems and the Expedite G301 OEM modem module.
Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications
The Merlin G100 and G200 are wireless modems designed to be plugged into
the PC Card slot of a host computer.
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Topics Included in this Chapter
Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Expedite G301 OEM Module Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Air Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
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Application Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
16 Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications
Merlin General Specifications
Table 3: General Specification for Merlin GPRS PC Cards
Physical Dimensions
and Weight
Length
Width
Without Antenna 54.0 mm 54.0 mm
With Antenna 60.63 mm
Thickness
Insertion Thickness 5.60 mm 5.60 mm
Exposed Thickness 7.68 mm 8.96 mm
Weight
Complete Modem (unpackaged) 49.1 gm 51.0 gm
Temp era ture
Temperature Range
Relative Humidity
Merlin G100 Merlin G200
Total 111.64 m m 111. 7 1 mm
Operating -10
Storage -30
o
C to 55 oC
o
C to 75oC
Maximum operating humidity at 50oC (noncondensing)
up to 95% Non-condensing
Recommended Operating Conditions
Maximum Supply Input Voltage 5.25 v
Minimum Supply Input Voltage 4.75 v
Recommended Supply Voltage 5 v
Supply Voltage Range 4.75 to 5.25 v DC
Moisture and Dust Resistance
Do not immerse or expose to excessive moisture. The case is not to be considered dustproof.
Thermal Shock Merlin G100 Merlin G200
Non-Operating
o
-50
C to +20 oC, +70 oC to
o
+20
C; less than 5 min
-20
0
C to 550C
Revision 1.8 P/N 90023363
Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications 17
Vibration
Sinusoidal 3.0 mm displacement, 2 to 9
Hz; 1 m/s
Random
Transport Packaged ASTM D999 N/A
Mechanical Shock N/A semi sine 50 g 11ms
0.1 m
2
, 9 to 350 Hz
2
/s3, 2 to 200 Hz 0.96 m2/s3, 5 Hz-20Hz, -
2
147 m/s
tude, 10Hz-2000 Hz
3db/0ct, 20 Hz-500Hz
, 15g peak ampli-
Emissions
Electromagnetic Emissions Radiated spurious FCC part
24 / Part 15 Class \ BGSM
11.10 Section 12.2EN 55022
Class B
Electromagnetic Immunity As per ETSI ETS 300 342-1 N/A
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) for PC Connector
To Contacts 2 KV
To Antenna Port 8 KV
To Case 10 KV
EMC: ETSI EN 301489-1
ESD IEC 61000-4-2
To contacts: 8kv
To antenna port: 8kv
To audio jack: 8kv
To case: 8kv
Transmit Power
GSM Power Class 1 (DCS 1800 / PCS1900)
GSM Power Class 4 (GSM 900)
• 1 Watt maximum Tx
power
• 2 Watt maximum Tx
power
Connectors
Antenna RADIALL SMT microminia-
ture 50 ohm coaxial connector
(PN R199-005801)
Audio No audio jack HOSIDEN audio jack (PN
PC Card Connector ITT CANNON 68 pin con-
SIM Connector ITT CANNON
nector (PN 127040-2414
5925
)
(PN CCM04)
HUBER + SUHNER SMT
MMCX 50 ohm coaxial
connector (PN 82 MMCX S50-0-2)
HSJ1816-019010)
ITT CANNON 68 pin connector (PN 127040-2414
5925
)
JAE SIM Socket (PN SF
2W006S4KE3000)
P/N 90023363 Revision 1.8
18 Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications
Merlin Physical Appearance
Merlin G100.
Front View
60.63
Back View
68-Pin Connector
7.68
Side View
Figure 1: Mechanical View of MerlinG100
Revision 1.8 P/N 90023363
Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications 19
Merlin G200
Front View
54.00
Back View
68-Pin Connector
Audio
Jack (G201
only)
Side View
Figure 2: Mechanical View of Merlin G200 Series
P/N 90023363 Revision 1.8
8.96
20 Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications
PC Card Connector Pin Assignment
Ta b l e 4 below contains the pinout information of the 68-pin Merlin PC Card connector.
Table 4: Merlin GPRS PC Card Pin Assignment
Pin # Signal Name Direction
1GND Power
2 D3 Supported
3 D4 Supported
4 D5 Supported
5 D6 Supported
6 D7 Supported
7 CE#1 Supported
8 A10 Not Connected
9 OE# Supported
10 A11 Not Connected
11 A9 Supported
12 A8 Supported
13 A13 Not Connected
14 A14 Not Connected
15 WE# Supported
16 IREQ# Supported
17 VCC Card is configured as a 5V card.
18 VPP1 Not Connected
19 A16 Not Connected
20 A15 Not Connected
21 A12 Not Connected
22 A7 Supported
23 A6 Supported
24 A5 Supported
25 A4 Supported
26 A3 Supported
27 A2 Supported
28 A1 Supported
29 A0 Supported
Revision 1.8 P/N 90023363
Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications 21
30 D0 Supported
31 D1 Supported
32 D2 Supported
33 IOIS16# Pulled High
34 GND Power
35 GND Power
36 CD#1 Connected to Card Ground
37 D11 Not Connected
38 D12 Not Connected
39 D13 Not Connected
40 D14 Not Connected
41 D15 Not Connected
42 CE2# Supported
43 VS1# Not Connected (SELECTS VCC = 5V FOR CARD)
44 IORD# Supported
45 IOWR# Supported
46 A17 Not Connected
47 A18 Not Connected
48 A19 Not Connected
49 A20 Not Connected
50 A21 Not Connected
51 VCC POWER, Card is configured as a 5V card
52 VPP2 Not Connected
53 A22 Not Connected
54 A23 Not Connected
55 A24 Not Connected
56 A25 Not Connected
57 VS2# Not Connected (SELECTS VCC = 5V FOR CARD)
58 RESET Supported
59 WAIT# Supported
60 INPACK# Pulled High
61 REG# Supported
62 BVD2/SPKR# Pulled High, No Audio
63 BVD1/STSCHG# Pulled High
P/N 90023363 Revision 1.8
22 Specifications Merlin GPRS PC Card Specifications
64 D8 Not Connected
65 D9 Not Connected
66 D10 Not Connected
67 CD2# Connected To Card Ground
68 GND Connected To Card Ground
Interfaces
Merlin Hardware Interface
The modem is electronically configured as a 5-Volt 8-bit I/O memory card. The supported
pins on the 68 position interface connector are driven by a LVTTL interface IC that
includes 5V tolerant inputs and runs off a 3.1V power supply. Signals driven by this card
will reach 3.1V but can accept 5V logic levels on inputs.
Air Interface
Table 5: Air Interface Data Rates
Coding
Scheme
CS1 9.05 72.4
CS2 13.4 107.2
Data Rates per Time Slot
(Kbps)
Maximum Data Rate (8
Time Slots)
Table 6: Radio Channel Frequency
Radio Channel Frequency
Bands Channel Tx Rx
P-GSM 900 1 < n < 124 Freq(n)=890+0.2*n Freq(n)=935+0.2*n
E-GSM 900 0 <
DCS 1800 512 <
PCS 1900 512 <
n < 124
975 <
n < 1023
n < 885 Freq(n)=1710.2+0.2*(n-512) Freq(n)=1805.2+0.2*(n-512)
n < 810 Freq(n)=1850.2+0.2*(n-512) Freq(n)=1930.2+0.2*(n-512)
Freq(n)=890+0.2*n
Freq(n)=890+0.2*(n-1024)
Freq(n)=935+0.2*n
Freq(n)=935+0.2*(n-1024)
Revision 1.8 P/N 90023363
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