norweco BIO-DYNAMIC LF 1000, BIO-DYNAMIC LF 2000, BIO-DYNAMIC LF 3000 Installation And Operation Manual

FOR MODEL LF 1000, MODEL LF 2000, MODEL LF 3000

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL

INTRODUCTION

Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet feeders are complete dry
chemical dosing systems for water, wastewater, stormwater
and process water treatment. They are designed to provide
automatic control over the chemical application rate and

maximize installation exibility. The LF Series tablet feeders
consists of ve separate models to accommodate ows

ranging from less than 100 GPD through 400,000 GPD
and chemical dosage ranging
from 1 to 50 mg/L, depending
upon the general component
configuration, daily flow rate
and the type of chemical tablets
applied. All models of LF Series
tablet feeders are manufactured
from durable ABS and can be
glued to Schedule 40 PVC piping.
When properly installed, the
Bio-Dynamic tablet feeders will
provide long term, unattended
operation and precise chemical
application throughout their rated

ow ranges. Please familiarize

yourself with the contents of this
manual before proceeding with
installation and operation.

BIO-DYNAMIC® DRY CHEMICAL FEEDER

SYSTEM APPLICATION

Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet
feeders are designed to feed
2 5/8" diameter chemical tablets
in gravity flow applications.
These tablet feeders are not
to be used for pressurized
applications and must have
a gravity outflow. Common
applications for the LF Series

tablet feeders are treating ows
from septic tanks; aerobic treatment units; sand lters; rock
reed lters; curtain drains; constructed wetlands; marine

sanitation devices (MSD); individual, community and
municipal drinking water systems; process water systems;
reservoirs; water towers; cooling towers and irrigation
systems. All LF Series tablet feeders can be installed at
grade, in-line or below grade.

TABLET FEEDER MODEL LF 1000

HOW THE LF SERIES TABLET FEEDERS WORK

Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet feeders are flow rated
proportional chemical dosing units. Flow to be treated enters
the tablet feeders through the 4" integral inlet hub. The liquid

then proceeds to the ow deck where the chemical tablets

are contained in one to three chemical feed tubes. The

number of chemical feed tubes varies by model. The ow

deck has three levels (tiers) which accommodate varying

hydraulic loads and properly
channels liquid to the chemical
tablets. Active chemicals are

released into the ow stream

as the liquid erodes the tablets.
When the incoming flow rate
increases, the liquid level in
the tablet feeder rises. The
increase in liquid level causes

the ow to contact more tablets,

thereby providing the additional
chemical release required for
consistent treatment. As the

ow decreases, it contacts fewer

tablets, reducing the chemical
dosage. After contact with
the chemical tablets, properly
treated liquid exits the tablet
feeder through the 4" outlet hub.

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet
feeders are listed as a disinfection
device for secondary effluent
from residential wastewater
treatment systems under NSF/

ANSI Standard 46. Certication

requires the use of Norweco
Blue Crystal or Bio-Sanitizer

disinfecting tablets and a chlorine
contact tank of at least 60 gallons. Contact tank retention time
must comply with the controlling regulatory jurisdiction. USEPA
guidelines state “On the average, satisfactory disinfection

of secondary wastewater e󰀪uent can be obtained when

the chlorine residual is 0.5 ppm after 15 minutes contact.”

Signicantly greater contact time can decrease disinfection
e󰀩ciency and allow bacteria regrowth.

GENERAL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS

DIRECT BURIAL INSTALLATION

Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet feeders can be installed

into any gravity ow water supply or wastewater treatment

system. When used for potable water disinfection, the

feeder is typically installed at grade following nal ltration

and just prior to a storage or detention tank. For wastewater
disinfection applications, the tablet feeder is installed

following clarication and prior to or in a chlorine contact

tank. Installation can be at grade or direct buried. For
dechlorination, feeders can be installed in or immediately
following the chlorine contact tank. When chlorinating and

dechlorinating e󰀪uent, two separate Bio-Dynamic tablet

feeders must be installed. Do not mix chlorination and
dechlorination tablets within the same tablet feeder.

FIGURE A

All models of LF Series tablet feeders may be installed below
grade without a manhole or secondary enclosure. Prepare
an excavation to the proper depth (See Figure B), including

a sand or ne gravel leveling pad at least 4" thick. The

tablet feeder must be supported by this pad before inlet and
outlet piping is attached to the feeder. Excavated trenches
should be smooth and free of debris to prevent damage
to the pipe. Connecting lines should be laid continuously
and unspliced to undisturbed earth beyond the limits of the
excavation (See Figure C). Schedule 40 PVC, cast iron or
similar materials may be used, subject to the approval of
local codes. Attach the inlet and outlet lines to the inlet and
outlet hubs using ABS compatible glue. A 4" Schedule 40
PVC pipe with tamper-proof cap (not supplied) will be used
as a riser to grade. Connect the pipe to the riser hub using
ABS compatible glue. Do not cement the cap. Check the
system for plumb and level from side to side, end to end

and vertically along the riser pipe. Backll the excavation.
Fine, loose ll should be used to backll the excavation and
plumbing line trenches. Exercise care when backlling.

Finished grade should be at least 6" below the top of the riser
pipe and should slope away for surface drainage. Recheck
that the feeder is plumb and level.

CHAMBER MOUNTING BRACKETS

Integrally molded inlet and outlet hubs allow direct
connection of the tablet feeder to Schedule 40 PVC piping.
Adaptor couplings should be used, if necessary, to modify
piping diameters and insure a secure piping connection to

the tablet feeder. The e󰀪uent line must allow for a 1/8" fall

per linear foot of run along the entire piping run. All tablet
feeders must be installed plumb and level to insure proper

operation. Place a bubble level on the feeder before nal
installation to conrm the unit is plumb and level, side to

side and end to end. Always recheck level after installation.

INSTALLATION AT GRADE

LF Series tablet feeders can be installed at grade, in-line
or mounted in the contact tank of a water or wastewater
treatment system. The installation should be accessible
for routine operator maintenance. To mount the unit, use

5

/16" diameter corrosion resistant bolts to secure the four
integrally molded mounting feet to the deck of the contact
tank, concrete pad or mounting brackets, as required. For
contact tank installations, use PVC or aluminum mounting
brackets to prevent corrosion (See Figure A).

FIGURE B

DIRECT BURIAL AND REMOTE DIRECT BURIAL

EXISTING SYSTEM RETROFIT

If the existing treatment system piping is in good condition,

the feeder can be tted directly into the appropriate location.

When installing a tablet feeder into an existing disinfection
system, it is recommended that the chlorine contact tank
be pumped and thoroughly cleaned with a diluted bleach
solution prior to installation of the feeder. Failure to properly
clean the contact tank may result in inadequate disinfection
of the wastewater. It is also necessary to inspect all
upstream and downstream treatment components to

conrm that they are installed and functioning properly.

TIERED FLOW DECK

REMOTE REMOVAL SYSTEM

A multi-tiered ow deck is incorporated in all LF Series

tablet feeders. This allows consistent chemical application

to low, sustained, variable, intermittent and surge ows.
Liquid is channeled through the three tiers of the ow deck

in proportion to the hydraulic load (See Figure D). The

lowest tier of the ow deck is the inert drainage tier. The inert
drainage tier directs liquid to the feed tube during low ow

conditions and forms a drainage channel to dry the tablets

when there is no ow. As the ow increases, the liquid is
channeled through the intermediate ow tier. This tier directs
the increased ow to the chemical tablets and allows more
tablets to contact the liquid. At higher ow rates, the liquid
rises to the upper ow tier. The upper tier dissipates excess
ow velocity and produces a consistent chemical dosage.
The ow deck incorporates a retaining ring with locating ribs

for the feed tubes. The locating ribs engage positioning slots
in the feed tube to secure the tube in the proper installation
position for the feeder’s rated capacity.

FIGURE C

A remote removal system is available for direct burial
installations to allow for safe removal, recharge and
reinstallation of the feed tube from grade. The remote
removal system consists of a top-threaded feed tube
cap, one extension and one handle. For use, replace the
standard cap with the top-threaded cap. The top-threaded
cap locks into the feed tube, then the extension and handle
are threaded onto the top of the new cap (See Figure E).
Additional extensions are available for deeper installations
and can be added or removed any time. The extension(s)
and handle remain in place during system operation and

standard feed tube lling instructions apply.

FIGURE D

CONTINUOUS AND UNSPLICED

CLEARCHECK® FEED TUBE AND CAP

The LF Series tablet feeders are equipped with molded,
chemical feed tubes with twist lock caps. Each feed tube and
cap are constructed of NSF/ANSI Standard 61 listed PVC
for durability and long life. The feed tube is manufactured
with the translucent ClearCheck design. This design allows
the operator or service provider to determine whether

tablet rell is required simply by visual inspection without

removing the tube from the feeder. The feed tube utilizes
chemical tablets with the nominal weight and dimensions
of 5 ounces, 2 5/8" diameter and 13/16" to 1" height. Slots
molded directly into the bottom of the feed tube allow the
chemical tablets to dry during intermittent or prolonged no

ow periods. The twist lock cap ts securely inside the

chemical feed tube to allow convenient installation of the
tube and cap within a 4” Schedule 40 PVC riser pipe.

THREE TIERED FLOW DECK

FILLING AND INSTALLING THE FEED TUBE

Before handling any chemical tablets, carefully read the
product container label and the CAUTION section of these

instructions. When lling the feed tube, always wear rubber

gloves and safety goggles or a face shield for proper
protection. Follow all handling instructions for the chemical

tablets used. To ll the feed tube, remove it from the feeder.

Rinse the feed tube and cap thoroughly with fresh water.
Dry as required. Hold the tube, slotted end up, at a 30° to
45° angle and slide the chemical tablets into the open feed

tube, one tablet at a time. Insure that each tablet lies at,

against the next and evenly on top of one another, in the
feed tube (See Figure F). Use a gloved hand to retain the
tablets inside the open end of the inverted tube until it has

been evenly and completely lled. Carefully return the tube

to the upright position. Replace the cap and slide the feed
tube into the body of the feeder, slotted end down. The slots
in the bottom of the feed tube must properly engage the

locating ribs molded into the ow deck. Be sure the feed

tube is fully engaged within the feeder and rests evenly on

the ow deck. Utilize the Chemical Consumption Record on
the back of this manual to track the chemical rell pattern.

BIO-SANITIZER® DISINFECTING TABLETS

BIO-MAX® DECHLORINATION TABLETS

If the tablet feeder is to be used for the disinfection of water
or wastewater, a 10 lb., 25 lb., 45 lb. or 100 lb. supply of
Bio-Sanitizer disinfecting tablets is available from your
local distributor. Bio-Sanitizer tablets insure dependable

disinfection for water and wastewater treatment system ow

and other applications where a predictable long-term source
of chlorine is desirable. The tablets are manufactured from
pure calcium hypochlorite and contain at least 70% available
chlorine. Bio-Sanitizer disinfecting tablets are registered
with the USEPA for water and wastewater treatment. The
tablets incorporate beveled edges to enhance the chemical

dissolution pattern, providing e󰀨ective and economical

bacteria killing power. Each tablet is 25/8" diameter,
compressed to a 13/16" thickness, has an approximate weight

of 5 ounces and is white in color for easy identication. The

chemical application rate of Bio-Sanitizer tablets remains

consistent at peak ow factors as high as four.

FIGURE E

If the tablet feeder is to be used for the dechlorination
of water or wastewater a 48 lb. supply of Bio-Max
dechlorination tablets is available from your local

distributor. Containing 92% sodium sulte, the tablets are

manufactured to neutralize both free and combined chlorine.
Bio-Max tablets incorporate beveled edges to enhance the
chemical dissolution pattern. Each tablet is 25/8" diameter,
compressed to a 13/16" thickness, weighs approximately 5

ounces and is green in color for easy identication. The

tablets dissolve slowly, releasing controlled amounts of
chemical for the instantaneous removal of residual chlorine

from the water or wastewater ow. The chemical application
rate of the tablets remains consistent at peak ow factors

as high as four. Bio-Max tablets are formulated to remove
chlorine residuals to non-detectable levels.

FIGURE F

REMOTE REMOVAL HANDLES AND CAP

BLUE CRYSTAL® DISINFECTING TABLETS

If the tablet feeder is to be used for the disinfection of
residential wastewater, a 1.9 lb., 10 lb. or 100 lb. supply
of Blue Crystal residential disinfecting tablets is available

from your local distributor. Blue Crystal tablets are the rst
disinfectant that has been specically developed for use in

residential wastewater treatment applications. Formulated
to maintain positive disinfection during the low, sustained,

variable and intermittent ow rates that are common to

residential wastewater treatment systems, Blue Crystal
tablets are produced with a proprietary beveled edge design
to enhance the chemical dissolution pattern. Each tablet
is 25/8" diameter, compressed to a 1" thickness, has an
approximate weight of 5 ounces and is white in color with

blue crystals for easy identication. Containing a minimum

of 70% available chlorine, Blue Crystal tablets are registered
with the USEPA for water and wastewater treatment.

TABLETS MUST LIE FLAT IN THE STACK

BIO-PERC® REMEDIATION TABLETS

If the tablet feeder is to be used for the bioaugmentation
of wastewater, a 10 lb. supply of Bio-Perc biological
remediation tablets is available from your local distributor.
Bio-Perc tablets rejuvenate failing wastewater treatment
systems by reducing or eliminating organic buildup in
distribution lines and disposal processes. Bio-Perc tablets

help sand lters and soil-based treatment systems recover
their inltrative capacity while preventing the failure of new

installations. Each tablet is 25/8" diameter, compressed
to a 1" thickness, has an approximate weight of 5 ounces
and incorporates a beveled edge design to reduce wicking.

CAUTION: All chemicals and chemical feed systems
should be handled with care. Chemicals and feed
tubes should not be mixed with each other or any other
products. Do not handle tablets or feed tubes without

rst carefully reading the product container label, SDS
information and the handling and storage instructions.

PLACING THE BIO-DYNAMIC® ON-LINE

Be sure the entire liquid stream from the facility being served ows through the tablet feeder. Conrm that the proper chemical
tablets are being used in the feed tube and that the feed tube is rmly engaged into the retaining ring and locating ribs of the ow
deck. After the system has been in operation for at least one hour, draw a sample of the treated e󰀪uent from the feeder outlet

or the contact chamber inlet to test the chemical application. For chlorination applications, testing can be done using a chlorine
test kit, available from your Bio-Dynamic distributor, or a DPD Colorimetric test as outlined in the most recent edition of Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Dechlorination applications may also require that a chlorine residual test
be performed. Multiple samples must be taken to insure that the system has reached equilibrium. Take samples at 15 minute
intervals. When three or more consecutive samples produce the same results, the system has reached equilibrium. In direct
burial installations, make sure the riser pipe extends at least 6” above grade and is covered securely by a tamper-proof pipe cap.

OPERATIONAL ADJUSTMENT

LF Series feeders can be adjusted without taking the unit o󰀨-line. When fully inserted into the feeder body, the feed tube locks
into locating ribs molded into the ow deck. This locked position provides the maximum chemical dose. Rotating the feed

tube clockwise, one-quarter (1/4") turn from its fully locked position raises the feed tube approximately one-eighth inch (1/8"). By
raising the feed tube, the chemical delivery can be reduced. Please refer to the Operational Adjustment Chart at the bottom of
this page for routine guidance. If there are additional questions regarding operation, contact your local Bio-Dynamic distributor.

For further reference, a red identication tag with the contact information of the manufacturer is attached to the feeder.

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

LF Series feeders require very little maintenance other than periodic cleaning and relling of the feed tubes. When performing

maintenance, always wear rubber gloves and safety goggles or a face shield and follow the procedures outlined in the handling

instructions for the chemicals used in the feeder. Before relling the feed tubes, rinse the tube and cap thoroughly with fresh
water. Occasionally, a feed tube may need to be cleaned with a brush. A service brush for cleaning the feed tube and ow

deck is available from your local Bio-Dynamic distributor. To use the brush, remove the extension handle from the top-threaded

feed tube cap and screw the brush into the handle. When relling the feed tube, check the inside of the feeder and rinse any
residue with a low pressure hose. Dry the feed tube with a clean cloth before reinserting chemical tablets. The liquid ow will

normally prevent accumulation of debris during routine operation. Debris that may become lodged within the feeder during a
malfunction of the upstream treatment system can be removed with the cleaning brush or a gloved hand.

INTERMITTENT USAGE

During a period of intermittent use or extended period of non-use, feed tubes should be removed and stored in a well-ventilated,
dry, secure location. Refer to the tablet container label and safety data sheet for detailed safety, storage and/or disposal
instructions for the chemical tablets. Reinstall the riser cap securely for the time period the system will be unattended.

OPERATIONAL ADJUSTMENT CHART

Condition Possible Cause Recommended Remedy

Feed tube empty Rell chemical tablets

Incorrect type of tablets used Replace using properly approved tablets

Feed tube not properly installed Install the feed tube at on ow deck

Insu󰀩cient

Chemical

Application

Overapplication

of Chemical

Tablets jammed in the feed tube Remove, clean and properly rell the feed tube

Excess solids in e󰀪uent Troubleshoot treatment plant

Debris clogging bottom of the feed tube Remove, clean and properly rell the feed tube

Tablet feeder not level Adjust mounting position

Tablets more than one year old Remove, clean and properly rell the feed tube

Incorrect type of tablets used Replace using properly approved tablets

Blockage at outlet Rinse feeder wit fresh water to remove blockage

Too many tablets immersed Rotate the feed tube clockwise 90 degrees

Excess hydraulic ow Equalize ow prior to the tablet feeder

Recirculation piping not properly adjusted Increase percentage of recirculation ow

Tablet feeder not level Adjust mounting position

SYSTEM SAFETY

BIO-DYNAMIC® LIMITED WARRANTY

All installations not protected by a safety fence or locked
grating should be equipped with a Schedule 40 PVC riser
pipe with tamper-proof pipe cap. Only authorized personnel
should have access to the tablet feeder and its components.

Conned space entry equipment (Occupational Safety and

Health Regulations OSHA 29, CFR1910.146) is not required
for a properly installed Bio-Dynamic LF Series tablet feeder
in a direct burial installation. Maintenance of the tablet
feeder can be performed from grade. Rubber gloves and
safety goggles or a face shield should always be worn when
providing service to any chemical feed system. Toxic fumes
present in wastewater and/or tablets may accumulate within
the feeder and cause personal injury or death. All safety and
handling procedures for chemical tablets must be followed
completely. Water and wastewater treatment chemicals can
be very dangerous. Thoroughly read chemical container
label before use. Only trained personnel using the proper
safety procedures and approved equipment should be

The Bio-Dynamic Model LF Series tablet feeders are
backed by a comprehensive ten year limited warranty.
The purchaser is protected from defects in material
and workmanship, under normal use and service, for a
period of ten years from the date of original purchase.
The Bio-Dynamic distributor will provide a warranty
registration card, as well as detailed warranty and
exchange information, to each purchaser. This warranty

is not e󰀨ective unless the warranty registration card

is returned to the factory within 30 days of purchase.
If the tablet feeder or components require service or
replacement, do not use or dismantle the unit. Contact
your local, authorized Bio-Dynamic distributor to arrange
for inspection, service or replacement of the system or
component. After inspection, the distributor will return
the tablet feeder or component, as required, to the
factory and replace the necessary items according to
the terms of the limited warranty.

allowed in the vicinity of a treatment system.

CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION RECORD

For your reference, please document chemical consumption and maintenance on the following chart:

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