Norton Type C Multipurpose Universal Grinder - Manual Grinder, Cylindrical

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NORTON

multipurpose

Hydraulic

CONSTRUCTION - OPERATION -

TYPE

Universal

12", 14" and 10"

Grinding

♦

SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS

Due to improvements in design, these instructions
may not coincide in every detail with machines
now in the field. They were correct for the ma
chines

built at the time instructions were prepared.

C

Machines

I



NORTON

WORCESTER,

Chicago, Illinois

Cleveland, Ohio.......

Detroit, Michigan.
Hartford, Connecticut
New York, New York.

.......

...

~4

COMPANY

MASS., U. S. A.

Cable Address: "Norco"

BRANCH OFFICES

4737 South Christiana Avenue

.............

...............

....... 998 Farmington Avenue

....................

1306 East 55th Street

5805 Lincoln Avenue

125 Barclay Street

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TABLE OP CONTENTS

.V

SECTION I - INSTRUCTIONS FOR GETTING MACHINE

RUNNING

Erecting Drawings ....................

Unpacking the Machine ....

Packing List

................................

Setting Up the Machine. . . .

Leveling
72" Machines

Water Guards

........................................

................................

................................

Export Shipment ........................

Wheel Slide (Export)

................

Water Guards (Export) ....

Wheel Drive ................................

Mounting the Wheel on Sleeve.

Wheel Mount Balance ................

Mounting Wheel in Machine . .

Headstock & Footstock ....

Electrical Wiring Instructions

Oiling and Mixing Compound. .
Coolant Compound

Operation Precautions ....

........................

Practical Experimenting . . .

/ ,

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.1

Page

1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4

SECTION II - MULTIPURPOSE CONSTRUCTION

TABLES
Double Table. . .
Swivel Ad j u s tme n t

HEADSTOCK
Construction

................................

Operation .....................................

Headstock Change-Over Caution
Headstock Chain Adjustments .

Clamping

........................................

Lubrication ................................

Headstock Drive ........................

FOOTSTOCK
Type

Center Release

................

Clamping. . .

WHEEL UNIT

Feedscrew ................

Spindle Construction
Bearing Adjustment.

Wedge Bolts ....

5
5

5
5
5
9
9

• 9
9

9
9
9

11
11
11
11 ,

-Hi-

1

4

&

SECTION IV - GRINDING PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL

PROCEDURE

Factors Governing Finish

**.

Truing Principles . . .
Truing Devices
Rough Truing

..................

......................

Finish Truing ..................

Truing Summary

..................

Truing Precautions. . .

Steadyrests ......................

Use of the Steadyrest .

Steadyrests Required. .
SETTING-UP ROUTINE

Work Location

Adjustment for Taper

Index Setting . . .

Wheel Wear

. . .

..................

IMPORTANT POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND

Wheel Balance ......................

Spindle Bearing Adjustment

Center Points ......................

Way Lubrication ..................

Page

31
31
31
31
31
33
33
33
33
33

33
35
35
35

35
35
35
37

WHEEL, WORK AND TRAVERSE SPEEDS

Spindle Speed

Work Speed. .

Traverse Speed

VIBRATION

Cause of Difficulty

Motor Armature. . .

INFORMATION

Questions ..........................

Suppliers ...........................

Problems

...............................

Repair Parts or Supplies

SECTION V - NORTON GRINDING WHEEL MARKINGS . .
SECTION VI - SPECIFICATIONS.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig.
Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

1 - Composite Erecting Drawing

2

- Detail

3 - Detail

4 - Detail

Truing Device

5 - Detail

of

Section Through Headstock . . .

of

Headstock and Face Plate.

of

Footstock and Wheel

.........................................................

of

Section Through Wheel Slide . .

...............................

. .

37
37
37

37
37

38
38
38
38

39
40

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SECTION I

INSTRUCTIONS FOR GETTING MACHINE RUNNING

1

The following remarks cover the -uncrating, locating and
operation in the customer1s plant of the Norton Multipurpose
Grinding Machine.

This particular machine is made in three different sizes

- 12", 14"

three lengths available -- 36”, 48

Complete erecting drawings are furnished with

machine to assist the millwright in setting

in its new location.
sure that he knows how and where to locate the machine.

and 16

” swing capacity -- and there are also

” and 72".

each

up the grinder

He should study these drawings and be

He

is cautioned to provide ample clearance around the machine.

The drawings indicate in a general way the appearance of the
machine and the location thereon of the various units.

The

floor space which the machine will occupy in operation is

also given. A composite erecting drawing is shown in Fig. 1.

Care should be exercised in removing the machine from
the crate or box in which it is shipped. The millwright is

warned against knocking the container apart with a sledge,

since such jarring, even if the machine is not struck a di
rect blow, might be detrimental to a precision

grinder of

this type.

Erecting
Drawings

Unpacking
The
Machine



All containers should be stripped from the machine with
care and the entire shipment checked against the packing list

which has been sent with the machine. Care should be exer

cised that none of the small parts are thrown away or mis
laid in the packing materials.

The machine, with the packing list

set in position. Since Multipurpose machines have

checked,

may now be

an ex-

tremely sturdy base in relation to their weight, it is not

imperative that they be set on a concrete floor although this

type of floor is conducive to precision work,

If, however,

a wooden floor is used, be sure that it is not given to sag
ging or excessive vibration. Under no circumstances should
a machine be grouted into place.

The machine (except as noted below) rests on three pads

cast into the base, so spaced as to afford the best possible

support. With the use of a spirit level be sure that the
machine table is level -- this being attained by shimming up
the pads. Be sure that the machine base does not touch on
any other points.

Releveling may be required after

the

machine has set for some time on a wooden floor.

With machines of 72" capacity,

the base;,rests on level

ing wedges to give a better support to such a long machine.
These wedges may be adjusted individually and they will give

Packing

List





Setting
Up The
Machine



Leveling



72"

Machines

3

To do so may crack the wheel and later cause it to break.

In tightening the flange screws (if this type of wheel sleeve
is supplied with the machine) draw them up equally in order

to avoid setting up stresses in the grinding wheel.

The entire assembled wheel unit
wheel sleeve and the grinding wheel, should then be mounted
on an arbor and placed in a balancing stand for determina

tion of balance of the unit.

Correct balance Is established

by adjusting the circular segmental weights in the wheel

sleeve collar. Loosen the socket-head screw, visible in the
balance weights, and adjust these weights to a position which
gives static balance.

ing the weights in this position.

Then tighten

Balancing

be purchased and no shop equipped with a grinding machine

should be without some means of balancing the grinding wheel

, consisting of the

the screws again, lock

equipment can





Wheel

Mount
Balance

and its sleeve as a unit.

The nose of the spindle should be carefully cleaned and Mounting

the wheel sleeve also thoroughly wiped out.

Place the wheel Wheel In
mount on the spindle and fasten it securely by means of the Machine
nut which is shipped assembled on the spindle.

This, of

course, has to be removed before the sleeve can be attached.

This nut should be well tightened.
the wheel guard.

The water pipes and water deflector can

now be attached and the rubber hose from the pump to the

Then place the cover on

water pipe wrung onto the pipe ends.

The headstock and footstock should be carefully cleaned

and then placed on the table.

The spindles of both should

Headstock

and

be thoroughly wiped out and the centers carefully inspected Footstock

to see if any nicks or scratches are present.

found a fine

centers must seat perfectly

file

can be used to smooth them off.

in the spindle if good results

If any are

The

are to be secured.

All

electrical equipment such as motors and controls

Electrical

mounted on the machine must now be wired properly to the Wiring In

source of power supply.

vided by the manufacturer of the electrical equipment used

on the machine. These diagrams and instructions are common

Specific wiring diagrams are pro-

structions


ly mounted inside of the cover of the control boxes and must
be specifically

wiring within or on the base is provided with the machine at

followed.

Where possible all

permanent

the time of our factory set-up.

The machine is now ready to run but before applying

the power it should be thoroughly gone over.

Make sure that Mixing

Oiling and

all oil reservoirs, cups and oil holes have been taken care Compound
of and filled with plenty of lubricant. The grinding com
pound which comes with the machine should be mixed, the
proportions being two or three pounds of compound to a tank

full

of

that it

clean water. The wheel guard should be adjusted so

clears the wheel by about 1/16" at the front and



clamped in position by means of the hex-head screw on the



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5

SECTION II

i

MULTIPUHPOSE CONSTRUCTION

TABLES

sliding
travels
table

The Multipurpose

table

in the ways of

.

A pivot joins the two tables at the center and is

and the swivel table

grinder has two tables known as the

. The sliding

the base and supports the swivel

table

the point about which the swivel table is moved when adjust

ing to grind work straight or to produce some definite
taper.

A swivel table adjustment mechanism located at the

right end of the swivel table is provided for making the

ne cessary
gib must be used as a guide only,

ing made by the trial and
is

locked and unlocked by clamp J as

pages 18 and 19.

nut K

adjustments for

taper

grinding.

the final adjustment be-

The graduated

error method. The swivel table

shown in Fig. 8 on

The table is swiveled by turning

the acorn

a clockwise motion moving the right end of the

table toward the wheel.



Double
Table

Swivel
Adjust
ment



HEADSTOCK

The Multipurpose headstock combines in one assembly the
unique arrangement of both a live spindle and a dead center,
each being instantly available to the operator without add
ing or removing any parts to the unit,
the front of the headstock
turned in the direction

effect desired.

Turning the knob to the left

body (F in Fig. 3, page 7)

marked on its surface to get the

A knurled knob on

or Counter-

is

clockwise will give a live spindle set-up and turning to the
right will lock the center in a fixed position.

Referring to Fig. 2

, page 6, it will be seen that, with
the knurled knob turned to the left a pin at the end of the
threaded spindle is withdrawn from the center spindle, pre

viously locked in position.

A^ the threaded

spindle is
further withdrawn a sliding'key^falls into a slot and thereby
locks the center spindle to the face plate drive.
face

plate and the center

will now revolve as

Both the

one piece.

Turning the knurled knob inward, or toward the right, throws

the sliding key out of engagement. By turning,|he headstock
spindle slowly, the operator may feel the end of the threaded

spindle fall

into the hole of the center spindle

, .

/thus lock

ing it in the "dead center" position.

Construc
tion



Operation







Under no circumstances
make the change-over from dead
vice versa, while, the headstock is

, ■ S'

shear the locking pin

and cause considerable

the bgdy of the headstock.

should the operator attempt to

center to- live sp>indle, or

J i running.

To assist

in locating the hole

To do so may
damage within

into which the pin falls, as described in the preceding para-

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Headstock
Change-
Over
Caution

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of Section

Through Headstock

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Detail of Heads took and Pace ?la35-$s

A - Face Plate for mounting odd shaped or M

hard to

B - Headstock Chain Lubrication Filler Plug - use high

light machine oil,

C - Two Oil Cups ^behind motor lubricating

Fill daily.

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(S.U.V. 300 @ 100° F).

-

headstock spifiare -

D - One of two motor oil cups - Keep full.

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E - Headstock Control Lever.
F - Dead Center - Live

Spindle Selector.

To use, turn in

direction stamped on knob.

G- - Headstock Swivel Binding Nut - Keep tight, while grind

ing.

H - Swivel Graduations in degrees.

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Fig. 4

Detail of Footstock and Wheel Truing Device

A - Footstock Center

Diamond Holder Bar.

B

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C - Diamond Holder Bar Clamp.

D

Tool Holder Thumb Screw - keep tight when truing wheel.
E - Footstock Spindle Clamp.
F - Footstock Control Lever.

G - Footstock Table Clamp Nuts.
H - Swivel Table Adjustment.
J - Table Dogs

.

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9

graph, the face plate has been marked with an arrow which,
when the change is made, should be brought opposite the
marker found on the headstock body waterguard. Do not at

tempt to -force the pin into or out of the locking slot by
rotation of the knurled knob but rather

rock the face plate



slightly in order to allow the pin to find the proper channel.

Lubrication points are provided and should be frequent-

Headstock

ly replenished. An adjustment to absorb excessive backlash Chain

in the face plate drive chain is provided and is shown by A Adjust-

in Fig. 14, page 30. This adjustment consists of a large ment
hex checlcnut, a crank arm and a sprocket which engages the
drive chain. Adjustment is made by loosening the checknut
and then moving the crank arm with a socket screw wrench pro

vided with the machine equipment. Care should be taken that



.this adjustment is not too tight.

There are two nuts on the back of the headstock assembly Clamping
which are used for clamping the headstock to the table.
method, together with the improved design of the table, in

sures against

cramping and misalignment of the headstock

center. The clamps loosened, the headstock may be pushed to

This



any position on the table where it will operate without any
additional adjustment save tightening the clamp nuts.

Several oiling

given daily attention.

spots are provided and these should be

The chain drive to the face plate
runs in a bath of oil, the level of which should cover the
lower part of the large
pick up oil as it rotates.
used in lubricating this

sprocket so that the chain might

A light machine oil

chain as it has been found that

should be

this oil penetrates to the pins in the chain links.

The headstock drive is usually taken from a direct

current, adjustable speed motor controlled with a rheostat

or drum controller mounted on the front of the machine.

F00TST0CK

The footstock of the Multipurpose is, in most cases, of Type

the lever type.

A screw type footstock, however, is avail

able. The lever footstock is provided with a spring tension

control which can be regulated to suit the particular opera

tion.

centers without the possibility of "bowing

In this manner, very slender work can be'held between

” or spring caused

by too strong a spring pressure. A complete lever type foot

stock is shown in Fig. 4, page 8.

The center is extracted by means of a small rod which Center
can be inserted from
spindle.

A few light blows should be sufficient,

the diamond tool holder

leased.

in fact,, it is better to remove the complete holder

the right through the footstock Release

Be sure

thumb

screw (D in Fig. 4) is re

before knocking out the center.

Lubrica

tion

Headstock

Drive











The footstock

is clamped to the table with two draw Clamping

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Detail of Section Through Wheel Slide ^

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bolts which have acorn nuts protruding from the front of the

footstock

footstock along the table.

body. These nuts are loosened before moving the

This design, as in the case of

the headstock, maintains the body free from distortion.

WHEEL UNIT

The wheel unit moves on a flat and vee way so located

in relation to the feed rack and pinion that there is little

tendency toward side thrust.

These two members are connected

to the wheel feed index through a worm and worm gear of ample

Feeds crew

size to practically preclude wear.

A general assembly of the wheel spindle unit

is shown Spindle
in Fig. 5, page 10. The spindle 68852 runs in the bronze Construe-
bearings 68844 and 68845 which are tapered on their outer tion
diameters and drawn into cases 68843 which in turn have been
pressed into the wheel slide body 68533. Spanner nuts 59533
on the outer ends of the bearings and nuts 59507 on the
inner ends serve to hold the bearings rigidly

in place and
provide a means of adjustment. Wedge bolts 59772, two to
each bearing, are provided to keep the bearings from closing
on the spindle and also to keep the bearings in alignment.
The wedge bolt nuts 59773 are slotted for a screw driver and

should be kept tight at all times except when bearing ad



justment is to be made.

Bearing adjustment need be made but very infrequently.

Bearing

Many machines are on record whose bearings have not been ad- Adjust-

justed over long periods and it is advised that such adjust-

ment

ment be made only when the need has been definitely proven.

In making an adjustment set up but one bearing at a time,
allowing the machine to run under working conditions before
adjusting the second bearing, if this

is necessary.

looser bearing, or the cooler of the two, is naturally the

The

one to adjust first.

To adjust a bearing remove the housing cover 68534.
The wheel guard or the spindle drive sheave need not be re
moved, there being plenty of room with which to get the

spanner wrench (provided with the machine equipment) onto

the outer

on the bearing which is to be adjusted.

wedge bolt

bearing nuts 59533. Loosen this outer nut '59533

Loosen also the

nuts 59773 on the same bearing. Now tighten up

cautiously on the inner bearing nut (59507) remembering that

moving a point

on the periphery of the nut l/2

ff reduces the
bearing diameter approximately 0.00025". With the bearing
drawn into its case, slack off on the inner bearing nut and

tighten up on the slotted wedge bolt nuts. After this isvdone,



tighten all the spanner nuts and replace the housing cover.

The wedge bolt tightening operation is extremely impor- 'Wedge

tant.

case and to do this

The wedge bolt nuts straighten up the bearing in its

effectively the outer and inner nuts

must be loose. After this is done, tighten up the outer and

Bolts

13

inner bearing nuts firmly but not too tightly.
these nuts will set up strains
lead to trouble.

Do not pound on the wrench with a hammer

in the bearings which may

and under no circumstances should a set or punch be used in
adjusting these nuts, since these tools will peen the edges
of the wrench slots which in time is certain

Hammering on

to cause oil

leakage from the bearing.

Bearings should never be adjusted when they are cold

Should the machine be in need of bearing adjustment allow it

. Bearing

Temper-
to run for at least an hour. Then make the adjustment. A ature
bearing, if adjusted when cold, will often seize the spindle

when the latter

by the differences

is allowed to run. This seizing

in expansion occurring in the spindle

is caused

parts and the fact that a cold adjustment does not usually
provide room enough for the expansion of the spindle. This
again illustrates the need for caution in making any altera
tion in the adjustment. Experience alone can demonstrate



the time for and amount of bearing adjustment.

With the 75-25 mixture of kerosene and spindle oil

used as a spindle lubricant the bearings do not warm up as

much as with oil alone. While a temperature of about 150° F

was considered satisfactory with oil, about 100° F is as hot
as a kerosene lubricated spindle becomes

just comfortably

warm to the bare hand.

Referring to Fig. 5, page 10, one sees that the end End
thrust
bracket 68839 winch is between the flanges 68840 and 68841
which turn with the spindle. Adjustment of the end thrust

is made by rotation of the nuts 59742, one of which locks
the other in place.

making the adjustment. Careless work will

on the Multipurpose

Here again caution must be exercised in

spindle is taken by a fixed

be reflected in

Thrust

the shoulder grinding where the end thrust is important.

The spindle bearings are lubricated by means of oil

Lubrica--

rings and it is extremely important that the lubricant level tion

in the reservoir be maintained at from one-half to three-

quarters on the sight glass K shown in Fig. 6. A copious

^quantity of lubricant is carried onto the spindle the journals

■of which have spiral grooves that run it through the bearings
For the end thrust a heavy spray is thrown up which is caught

in the well of the thrust bracket 68839 and led downward to
lubricate

the end thrust

bearing surfaces.

The hole in

.

bracket 68839 must be free and open at all times.

FEEDSCREW AND INDEX

Fig. 5 shows that the wheel is fed by a compound ar

rangement consisting of (1) a worm and worm gear 33869 and

(2) a pinion 33870 and a rack 33860.

are driven

directly

by the wheel feed index hand wheel.

The worm and worm gear

Rotation of the pinion 33870 by the worm and worm gear moves
the wheel slide on its ways no matter in what angular posi



Wheel

Feed

Elements



tion the slide may be set.

G

H

Pig. 7

Rear View of 14 x 48" Hydraulic Multipurpose

V

A

-

Coolant Pump.
B - Integral Motor driving Coolant Pump.
C - Wheel Spindle Motor Reset.
D - Oiler for Wheel Slide Ways - One on each side.

E - Cover over opening giving access to oil reservoir.

F - Swivel Table Adjustment Clamp.
G - Pootstock Lever.

H - Pootstock Type Diamond Tool Holder.

J - Internal Spindle Drive Pulley.
K - Internal Spindle.
L - Internal Spindle Oil Cups.
M - Wheel Slide Water Guards.

Headstock Control and Reset Cabinet.

N

0 - Swivel Graduations for Setting Upper Slide.

P - Swivel Graduations for Setting Lower Slide.

Oi

16

Purpose

Lubrica

tion

Index

Values

The

purpose of this

wheel slide and its

supporting base 70420 full

type of design is to allow the

rotation

around a common center designated by the shaft 33878.
shafting

on

which the gearing is mounted turns in well-fitted

cast iron bearings which are pressure-lubricated.



Lubrication arrangements for the wheel feed elements are

such that an ample supply of lubricant can be given to the

parts at all

times.

The bearings of . the worm shaft are
force-fed, the oil being conveyed to each bearing by copper
tubing.

Excess oil flowing from these bearings drops into a

basin into which dips the worm itself, and thus the worm is

supplied with a constant oil bath.

Shaft 33878 is lubricated
by a grease cup fitting Which should be checked periodically. .
This fitting may be reached by removing louver covering E as

shown in Fig. 7, page 14. In Fig. 5 attention is called to

the oilers which are used when lubricating the flat

ways of the wheel slide. These oilers

should be filled

and vee

daily with the same kind of oil as used in the force feed

lubrication system.

(See also D in Fig. 7).

The amount the wheel slide moves on its ways (not work

diameter reduction) as a result

of changes in index setting

are as follows:

The

r

. Hydraulic

Coolant

English

Each hole in index.
One turn of index crank .

0.00005"

0.002"

One turn of complete index . . 0.064"

Metric

0.

001mm.

0.

050mm.

1

.625mm.

PUMPS'

The Multipurpose machine has three pumps. The hydraulic

pump is located within the base casting

■table traverse hand wheel and under the sliding table,

at the left of the

This

pump motor is suspended on springs to eliminate any trans

mitted vibration, and carries its

own pressure relief valve

by which the pressure in the hydraulic system is regulated.

The pump motor is lubricated by individual grease fittings
which should be refilled at least once each month,
pump and relief valve are reached by removing

This

the louver

covering V as shown in Fig. 8, page 18.

The coolant pump at the back of the machine should
quire but little
replenished

with a good grade of light grease freouentl'y.

attention save that the grease fittings

2?6 —

be

Care should be taken that the gland packings be kept tight
at all times to prevent leakage.

shown by A and B in Fig. 7 on page 14,

This pump unit is clearly

^

v



J

Force

Feed

The

lubrication pump supplying oil to the table

ways

and feed worm bearings is located within a reservoir cast
integral with the apron frame casting. This pump is operated

by a cam on the end of the rack pinion shaft.

As the table

17

traverses lobes of the cam
produce impulses of the pump
forcing

oil

through copper
tubes and metering plugs to
the table ways and feed worm
bearings. Return pipes drain
excess oil back into the res
ervoir.

N3325

Force Feed

Lubricating Pump

.

LUBRICATION

The use of proper grades of oil is deemed to be of the
greatest importance by Norton Company. Inferior products or
improper grades of lubricants
tie-up of a machine due to faulty or inadequate lubrication.

For lubrication of the wheel spindle, a mixture of 25% oil

having a S.U.V. (Saybolt Universal Viscosity) rating of about

150 at 100° F. and 75

will

too frequently cause the

% water white kerosene is recommended.



Quality

Spindle

For the hydraulic system,

engine oil, 145-155 S.U.V. at 100° F. should be used.

securing this

oil insist that it be especially suited for

a highly refined

turbine

In

high speed, pressure-circulating hydraulic systems.

The force-feed

lubricating system, supplying oil

to
the wheel slide worm bearings and the table ways, should be
filled with a high grade circulating oil

having an S.U.V.

rating of 1000 to 1200 at 100° F. Under cover V, Fig. 8,
page 18, on the right will be found a small relief valve by
means of which this pressure can be regulated.

a l/8

rf pipe plug and attaching a gauge the pressure can be

By removing

determined. The table must travel for the gauge to register

While a pressure of from 5 to 10 pounds per square inch

should ordinarily be sufficient conditions may require some
modification of these figures.

For other points lubricated by means of an oil can, a

machine oil

freely.

also serves to cleanse the bearing surfaces

having 300 S.U.V. at 100° F. should be used

A flood "of oil not only provides lubrication but

of accumulated

dirt and grit.

For the internal spindle a high-grade spindle oil

about

60 S.U.V. at 100^ F. should be used for lubrication

and the oil cups should be kept full

at

all

times while the

of

spindle is running.

Hydraulic. •

.

/ /

r

Force
Feed

Machine

Internal

Spindle

Spindles may be subject to oil leakage,

evidenced by
oil being thrown out of the bearing near the wheel or the
belts.

in practically every case to plugged drain-off

It has been found that such leakage can be traced

outlets,

or
loose or improperly seated bearing nuts. Improperly seated
nuts are due to the ends of the wrench slots becoming peened
over and this peening action keeps the nuts from seating.
Such burrs should be filed off carefully.

Oil Leakage

X

w

f—1

CO

mmm

SSfiMt, iiO.

Fig. 8

Front View of 14 x 48

V

■

” Hydraulic Multipurpose

; •

;V

A

Headstock Control

B

Dead Center - Live Spindle Selector.

Lever.

C - Table Dogs.
D

Toothrest and Holder on Wheel Guard.
E - Wheel Spindle Lubrication Filler Cap.
F - Wheel Spindle Oil Level Gauge.
G - Footstock Type Diamond Tool Holder.

H - Footstock Spindle Clamp Handle.
J - Swivel Table Adjustment Clamp.

K - Swivel Table Adjustment.

L - Wheel Feed Index Hand Wheel.
M - Wheel Slide Picker Feed.

N

Picker Feed Shut-Off Valve; Close to disengage feed.

Table Reverse Lever.

0
P - Table Control Lever (Out to start - In to stop).
Q - Table Speed Control Knob.

R - Hydraulic Oil Sight Gauge.

S - Table Rack Service Port; On Earlier Machines Only.
T

Table Traverse Hand Wheel.
U - Two-Speed Selector Knob on Table Hand Wheel.
V - Louver covering Hydraulic Pump and Relief Valve.

lubrication adjustment.

W - l/4

” Pipe Plug for Pressure Gauge in Hydraulic Table Bracket.

X - Hydraulic Table Bracket.

Also pressure

1

Oil Pump Motor Switch.
2 - Hydraulic Pump Motor Switch.
3 - Coolant Pump Motor Switch.

4 - Wheel Spindle Motor Switch.

5

Headstock Motor Switch.

6

Headstock Motor Rheostat.

I-

1

CO

>(

20

SECTION III

MULTIPURPOSE OPERATION

Study of
Machine

Double
Swivel

well in preparation for general shop work and to

It will repay the operator to study the Multipurpose

this end a

description of the various functions and adjustments of the

■units is given.
try out the settings
that he may be perfectly

It is suggested that the operator actually

and adjustments so described in order

familiar with the tool and

grinding possibilities of the Multipurpose Universal Hydraulic
Grinder.

Extremely useful is the double swivel arrangement of
the wheel slide. The compound wheel slide can be swiveled
in two places - 0 and P in Pig. 7, page 14. Since the tra

versing

of the slide is accomplished by a rack which
driven by and is free to turn around a pinion, the wheel may
be fed in any direction by the wheel feed hand wheel L as
shown in Pig. 8, page 18. In other words, depending upon

the setting given to each slide, the wheel may be set at any
angle to the table and fed at this angle,
at an angle and fed perpendicularly to the table

or it can be set

Swivelling the lower slide - P, permits feeding the wheel at
an angle; swivelling

perpendicularly to the ways.

the upper slide

It should be remembered that

0, permits feeding

when feeding at an angle the index values shown on page 16

are the amount the wheel slide moves in the direction for

which set

. For example

, if the slide is set to feed at 45

and a diameter and shoulder are being ground, one-half turn

of the index crank pinion (or 20 holes) advances the slide

- Q01f« But this

only moves the wheel into the diameter by

.0007", reducing the diameter .0014". Since this versatility

is so extremely useful,

the operator

is urged to study the

unique construction of the slide and make practical tests of

the unit to discover its possibilities.

job

is

ways.



u

Combina
tion

Angles

By setting the wheel slide at some angle and the head-

stock at the 3ame angle, it is possible to obtain additional

capacity between the wheel face and the face of the jaw

chuck, or face plate.

This is extremely useful

in face
grinding operations because with the headstock swung around
90° it

is not possible to clear the chuck jaws with the

grinding wheel. By setting the headstock at 45°, rotating
the

lower slide P 45° to the right (or counter-clockwise if

viewed from above) and swivelling the upper slide 0 45° to

the left

for any face grinding operation
this machine is obtained.

wheel spindle parallel to each other.

(90° in relation to the lower slide)

which should be done with

This

places the chuck face and

ample capacity

Cross traversing of
the wheel is then accomplished by using the wheel feed index
the work being fed into the wheel by the table drive hand

wheel

.

21

Especially convenient is the manner in which the scale
at the right end of the swivel table is graduated for quick
and accurate

settings.

This scale has three sets of mark

ings - degrees of included angle, inches per foot taper on
the diameter and millimeters per 100 millimeters taper on
the diameter. Without a vernier (which adds to the cost of
the machine) these graduations
exact.

They do, however, afford

very close approximation. Pinal

trial and error only.

In setting the table for taper grind

cannot be expected to be

a

means for obtaining a

adjustment is obtained by

ing be sure that the clamping gib at the right is loosened

before

attempting to swivel the table.

This is done by
loosening clamp J as shown in Pig. 8, page 18. Be sure also
that there.is no interference between units on the table and
the wheel slide.

Lock the gib again before

attempting to

grind and recheck for interferences between the table mem

bers and the wheel sl.ide before traversing the table.

The use of the center rest needs little explanation to

the mechanic who handles machine tools, but it

may be

pointed out that the shoes on the arms should .be adjusted

with considerable care to prevent either a binding action or

excess play of the work piece. A center rest is illustrated

in Fig. 22 on page 36. That the work should be centered is
fairly obvious and it is considered good practice that the
piece, once located in the rest,

be checked with a dial in

dicator before actual grinding is started.









Taper
Scale

Center
Rest

The internal grinding arrangement of the Multipurpose

(Pig. 19, page 34) is built as an integral part of the wheel

slide and utilizes several

spindle unit.
spindles

are driven from the same motor.

wheel slide affects

For example,

the internal spindle in the same rela

parts of the regular

the

internal

grinding

and external

Swivelling the

tion as it does the regular wheel spindle.

The internal spindle drive is by flat belt,

up the spindle for grinding, remove the

coolant pipe from

the wheel slide by slipping it out of its socket,
move the spindle drive belt guard cover.

Slack off on the

In setting

Now re-

screws in the motor base gibs and with the screw provided

slack off the vee belts which should be removed,
ment of the motor will

ternal spindle flat belt after it

at the same time tighten up the in

is placed on the pulleys.

This move-

Do not tighten this belt too tightly.

With the internal spindle ready to run, the upper wheel

slide assembly may be swivelled 180 degrees at 0 as shown in

Fig. 7, page 14. In the event that the work does not come

straight, the error can usually be traced to one of two

things - (1) the headstock is not set exactly at zero, or

(2) the swivel table is not set correctly for

straight work.

A small error at either of these settings

grinding

would naturally produce a tapered hole.

Internal
Spindle



Spindle
Drive



Check for

Error

■w

22

Wheel

Contact

Lubrica-
t ion

Ordinarily the internal spindle wheel is brought agains
the front inner surface of the work, since in this way
operator is able to use the stop on the wheel feed index ior
gauging the size of the work. However, if the operator
fers to grind on the back inner surface,

he may feed the

wheel micrometrically with the index but he will have no

stop to guide him.

back surface is

The use

immaterial to the work produced since the

of the wheel on the front or

piece is turning in opposition to the wheel in either posi-
t ion.

the point of contact

Convenience to the operator in being able to watch

between the wheel and the work is

usually the governing factor in his choice.

Correct lubrication of the internal spindle is extremely

important and the operator is urged to review the previous

paragraphs on lubrication appearing on page 17. The speed at
which the spindle travels in these bearings makes it impera
tive that they be supplied with oil at all times during the

internal grinding operation.

while, the bearings will

If

dry,

even for a short

very likely be ruined.

Therefore,

it is important that the spindle manufacturer's instructions

which are shipped with every machine be followed closely.
This spindle is a product of the Excello

Aircraft & Tool
Company of Detroit, Michigan. Never attempt to adjust or
service it.

Return it to the manufacturer or send for an

Excello service man should any difficulty develop.

e



Hydraulic

Operation

Pressure

There are two important functions of the

system in this

Multipurpose

machine. The first

hydraulic

is the

traversing of the table, while the second is the' so-called

"picker feed" of the wheel slide which operates, if the

operator so desires, at each reversal of the sliding table.

The hydraulic system is supplied with oil under pressure
by the direct-drive pump suspended in a spring-hung frame
within the base, and is available by removing the ventilated

cover V in Pig. 8, page 18, located at the left of the table

traversing hand wheel. The pump sends oil to a distributing

manifold

piping.

which controls the pressure maintained in the system.

and thence to the

operating units by means of

Superfluous oil discharges through a relief valve

This
valve is reached by removing the ventilated cover mentioned
above

and then taking off the cap which covers the valve.
slotted screw is found under this cap - a clockwise turn in
creasing the pressure,

screw gives a reduction in pressure.
at the factory, is seldom required, the rule being to use
little pressure as possible and still
smoothly.

adequate

About 60# per square inch

.

whereas a reversed rotation of the

This

adjustment, set

have the units operate

pressure should be

as -

A

~



Greasing

The

pump motor is lubricated by grease

cups which

should be filled at least once a month with a good grade of

light grease.

Do not over-lubricate the motor.

23

Pressure in the system may be determined by first

ting off the hydraulic pump and then removing the l/4

shut

n pipe
plug located under the table piston bracket at either end
of the machine (See W in Pig. 8, page 18). After the plug
is removed a pressure gauge may be screwed into place and
the hydraulic pump started.

At each adjustment for pressure
if one is necessary, run the table back and forth several
times before a change in the pressure is made. This running
in operation tends to equalize the pressure in the system
and thereby give a true reading.

Always "bleed

stand idle for any length of time,

” the machine if

it has been allowed to

This operation is per-
formed to get rid of any air which may have seeped into the
hydraulic system after the pressure has been removed. After
starting up the hydraulic pump, move the table so that the
arrow on the brass plate on the table is opposite the
lar

arrow on the base. Then pull outward on the small

simi-

plungers located just under the edge of the right and left-

hand ends of the sliding

valves allowing oil to pour from a position near the
of the hydraulic
until

such time as the flow shows no evidence of air in the

cylinder.

system and runs in a steady stream.

table.

Allow the oil

This

opens the bleeder

to run freely

Now close the valves by

center

pushing the plungers inward and the table should have a

steady traverse without the jerky, uneven action
air trapped in the system.
for

bleeding, the oil flows back into the

Therefore

,

never attempt to traverse

When the two arrows are lined up

! oil reservoir.

the table with the

caused by

bleeder valves open, since the oil flowing from the bleeder
valves might not flow back into the reservoir.



Testing
Pressure

,

Bleeding

The speed and table control valves are built into one

body as illustrated in Fig. 9, page 24.

the throttle valve unit which is shown in Section CC at

Oil is admitted to

the

upper right of Fig. 9.

The throttle piston 58445 is shown in the "stop" posi

tion and the oil is allowed to by-pass into the exhaust line
When lever D in Fig. 12, page 2S<'is pulled out, however, the

oil enters the table reverse valve unit at PI and P2. As

illustrated,

the valve piston 55830 is in neutral position

(which it never occupies permanently), but should it be
thrust to the left by the reverse lever engaging spool 55833,
oil would be admitted through P2 and pass to the right end
of the table cylinder.

This is accomplished by means of
piping to the right-hand hydraulic table bracket (X in Fig.
8, page 18), through the hollow piston rod to the piston and
finally out of the piston to the right part of the cylinder.
This cylinder

is attached to the table and the piston rods

are attached to the brackets X. The oil pressure is exerted
within the cylinder walls and the table moves to the right.
As the table moves, oil is discharged from the left of the

cylinder through the exhaust port and thence to the oil res

ervoir.

It can be' seen from the above description that the

Table
Traverse
Detail

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Fig. 9

Section Through Table Speed and Control Valves

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NB3827

25

hollow piston rods are always in tension,

thus avoiding any
possibility of a buckling rod and assuring a smooth, steady
table movement at all speeds.

Now, a turn to the right

of the speed control piston

58445 (by means of the aluminum knob E, Fig. 12) reduces the

size of the vee shaped discharge

opening and thereby de
creases the table speed. A turn to the left exposes more of
an opening and the exhaust oil flows through more quickly,

thereby increasing the table speed. This knob should be
used for table speed control only and not for starting or

stopping the table.

A movement, inward or outward, of the

control lever D (Fig. 12) is all that is required for start

ing and stopping the table.

As the table moves to the right, the left-hand reverse

dog A contacts reverse lever F (Fig. 12, page 28) and one of

the two give-a-way springs in this

the lever and subsequently

the valve piston 55830 (Fig. 9)

are moved from the left toward the neutral position.

lever is compressed as

As the
piston approaches the neutral position (moving from left to
right) the ports from P2 are closed and the small port C2 is
opened. Consequently,

pressure begins to increase at the
left in E2 and diminish at the right in El since Cl is clos
ing. When the piston is in equilibrium the table stops and

the give-a-way spring which was compressed expands forcing
the piston to the right.

closed.

55830. Since oil

Hence pressure also aids in moving the valve piston

is trapped in chamber El it must be

C2 is now opened further and Cl

allowed to escape, which it does through the small opening
C3. This dash pot action, however, prevents the piston from

moving suddenly resulting in an extremely smooth and gentle

reversal of the table.
left through port C4. It is the

The same action takes place at the

alternate

changing of

pressures in the chambers El and E2 which gives the Norton

machine its desirable reversing action free from vibration

and shock.







Table
Reverse

Detail

The intermittent or "picker" wheel feed operates in

conjunction with the reversal of the table traverse.

As the

table reverse lever F (Fig. 12, page 28) approaches the dead

center position, it actuates a piston by means of a cam-like
point which depresses the piston against a spring pressure.

As this piston

is depressed, a momentary pressure is ad

mitted to the under side of piston 65918 (Fig. 10, page 26),

raising

it against a constant pressure on the upper side.
When the lever F passes beyond the dead center position, the
momentary pressure is released, thereby reducing the pressure
below piston 65918. The constant pressure on the upper side

. of 65918 forces the piston down and holds it

in this posi

tion until another momentary spurt forces it up again.

When using the "picker" feed unit,

the pawl shoe guard
9556 should be in the position shown in Fig. 10. This ex
poses the pawl ;

shoe 7807 which rides over the gear teeth of

. the wheel feed index on the upward s-t-r.c^e of the piston and







Picker
Feed
Action

Picker

Feed

Adjust
ment



LTIJ

64583

(,7227

64584

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X

X

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NB3953

Section Through Hydraulic Picker Feed

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Pig. 11

Section Through Hand Table Drive Apron

turns the index wheel on the downward stroke.
feed is controlled by a thumb screw 64583 which limits the
total

rise of the picker feed arm and hence the amount of
engagement of the pawl shoe on the index gear.
simple adjustment and the operator should be able to get the

desired amount of feed very easily. The ball handle S#1082

should be tightened when using the "picker

pawl shoe will not turn the index wheel on the upward stroke.
To disengage this "picker" feed unit, close valve L (Fig. 12,
page 28). This
allows the constant

shuts

off the intermittent

pressure

hold the "picker" feed piston down.

672 2 9

67233

—

376 2 2

w

entering

*79 '

72316

723IA

'2975

The amount of

This is a

” feed so that the

pressure and

through valve K to

NB 4-321

The two-speed hand table

Fig. 11, page 27 and Fig. 12, page 28. The unit consists

traverse apron is shown in

of

a planetary gear and train arrangement whereby the table is

moved by a hand wheel. The knob C within the hand wheel

controls
rapid table movement.
on the table

the speeds

and hand wheel and should be replenished at

"in" for a slow feed and "out" for a

Various oiling points are to be found

least once daily.

The Multipurpose is supplied with many attachments and

features for the convenience of the operator. Among these

Hand
Table
Traverse

Attach
ments



28

M

Fig. 12

Controls on 16" Multipurpose
ploying a heavy duty headstock.

A - Table Dogs Controlling Amount or Distance of Table Travel.

B - Table Traverse Handwheel.
C - Table

Traverse Manual Speed Control Knob - In for slow

speed, Out for fast speed.

D - Hydraulic Table Traverse Control - Out to start

stop.

E - Hydraulic Table Traverse

Speed Control Knob - Slow to

Right, Fast to Left.

F - Table Traverse Reverse Lever - Operated by contact

Table Dogs "A."

G

Picker Feed "Amount" Thumb Screw - Run way down to disen
gage feed.

H - Wheel Feed Index Crank (See page 16 for index values).

J - Wheel Feed Handwheel.

K

Picker Feed Control Valve - Should always be wide open.

L

Picker Feed Shut-off Valve - Close to disengage feed.

M - Hydraulic Oil Gauge.
N - Force Feed Lubricating Oil Gauge.
0 - Remove Plug to Add Lubricating Oil.

em~

In to

with



may be mentioned the following:

29

1. Pace chuck with expansion collet as
shown in Fig. 13, page 30 and Pig. 17,
page 32.

2. Face plate as shown in Pig. 3, page 7.

3.

A Universal

three-jaw chuck as shown

in Pig. 14, page 30 and Figs. 19 and

20, page 34.

4.

Steadyrests as shown in Pig. 21, page

36.

Tooth rest holders.

5.

The latter are supplied in two styles,

one of which fastens directly

to

the table

with a quick-acting stud while the other

is located on the lower edge of the wheel
guard (A in Pig. 6, page 12) so that the
tooth rest may remain in its same position

in relation

traversed.

to the wheel as the table is

This

latter

arrangement is
especially useful when grinding long ream
ers with either straight or spiral flutes

(Fig. 16, page 32).



30

Fig. 13

Face Grinding

With Cup Wheel

race
3-
er cck Chain Adjust

ment: made at A.

Grinding in

jaw Chuck.

Head




Fig. 15
G r i i id i ng Ce nt e r
Point In deadstock

SECTION IV

GRINDING PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL PROCEDURE

31

Two major factors may be said to govern the quality of

finish

on a ground surface.

The first

is the manner in

which the machine operates and the second is the condition

of the wheel face.

The former is a matter of mechanical
perfection and Norton machines are second to none in freedom
from vibration and smoothness of operation and control. The
condition of the wheel face depends on proper wheel selec
tion and is also a matter of technique--a grinding skill

which is acquired only by experience.

In preparing the wheel face for grinding, a general

principle might be stated.

That is, the rougher the face of

the wheel, the rougher will be the finish on the work. Con

versely, if fine finishes are to be obtained, the wheel face

must more nearly approach a smooth surface.

Since the tru

ing of a grinding wheel with a diamond or some other truing

device consists of breaking out of the grinding surface of

the wheel abrasive particles to present a new series of cut
ting faces, truing for rough finishing will mean taking out

larger particles

of the abrasive than in truing for fine
finish. Hence, in rough truing the wheel feed is compara
tively heavy and the traverse fast, while fine finish truing

demands the lightest of wheel feeds and the slowest of table
traverses

.

Factors
Governing
Finish



Truing
Prin



ciples









There are many types and styles

vailable.

To supplant the diamond, an abrasive wheel dress

of truing devices a-

er is on the market and it has been found successful for
certain grinding jobs. There are also various styles-

of

diamond truing devices available for use in radial truing or
for form grinding.

The use of any of these devices depends
entirely on the work being ground, the production required,
type of finish desired and other factors.

fixtures
devices to the table.

are available for the direct attachment of these

In the majority of cases, however, it

Quick detachable

is found that the diamond tool holder (B, C and D, Fig. 4,

page

8) attached directly to the footstock is entirely sat

isfactory.

Before truing, the operator should make sure that the

grinding wheel is in balance.

The routine practice in rough

truing consists of feeding the wheel into the diamond about

0.001

medium rate.

each pass until a perfectly round wheel is assured.

vided that the wheel grain and grade is correct,

” and traversing the diamond across the wheel face at a

The wheel should be fed in about 0.001

this should

” at

Pro

produce a wheel surface satisfactory for rough grinding.

Truing for finer finishes from this

point consists of
reducing the table traverse to the slowest speed comparable
to the finish desired

and reducing at the same time

the







Truing

Devices

Rough
Truing

Finish
Truing

►

32

w

i

Fig. 16

Grinding a 2-l/8" railroad reamer

32" long and having a taper of
l/l6" per foot

Fig. 17

Grinding Expanding

Collet with

Beveled Wheel

^ .■

33

amount of the feed of the wheel toward the diamond. In fact,
for the finest

of

finishes

it is advisable to make several

passes of the diamond across the wheel without any inward

feed of the wheel.

In summation, it may be said that good truing technique

is obtained only through experience.

Rough truing consists
of opening up the grinding surface of the wheel to expose
sharp abrasive surfaces necessary for the rapid removal of
stock.

Finish truing,

requiring a smoother abrasive face,

requires the lightest possible feeds of the wheel to the

diamond and the slowest possible table traverse compatible
with the production and finish desired.

Care should be taken in any truing operation especially
if the comparatively valuable diamond is being used.
continual truing.
Incorrect for the job and should be replaced.

A wheel which re'quires constant truing is

Avoid exces

Avoid

sive wear of the diamond on wheels which are too hard. Avoid

also the practice of cutting with the diamond before the

coolant

is turned on, because, with the diamond heated up,

the coolant might crack the stone or loosen it in Its nib.

Be sure, then, to have at all times a sufficient flow of

coolant at the point of contact between the diamond and the

wheel. Always bring the diamond onto the wheel in the ap

proximate center of the grinding surface since this
the possibility of the wheel first

striking the side of the

avoids

nib and causing undue strain.

Truing
Summary

Truing

Precau
tions







tions

For all traverse

as well, the use of steadyrests

grinding and many plunge-cut opera

may be considered

essential if quality work is to be produced. The steadyrest

supports the work being ground and cuts down on the vibra

tion. An illustration of the use of steadyrests is shown in

Fig. 21, page 36.

a The use of the steadyrest requires restraint on the

part of the operator.

In ordinary use the lower bearing is

brought up snugly against the work while the front bearing

rests lightly

pressure on the latter

but without play against the work. Too much

bearing will

make the work grind

small.

The number of rests to be used depends entirely on the
work to be done. Naturally a long slender piece of work
will have a greater tendency to spring than a short stubby
bar.

No set rule can be given for the number of rests to be

used on work in general, since the depth of the grind and the

quality of finish

are important factors to be considered.

SETTING-UP ROUTINE

The first

stock for the length of the piece to be ground,

thing to do is to set the headstock and foot-

These can

be set anywhere on the table but it is better practice to
have the center of the work piece come approximately over



Steady
rests



Use of
the
Steadyrest

Steady
rests

Required

Work

Location





,r_

34

Pig. 18
Grinding Fellows
Gear Shaper Cutter

Internal

Fig. 19

Grinding

Set-Up

Fig. 20

External Grinding in

3-

Jaw Chuck

the center of the table in order to equalize the table ad
justment-

Next true the grinding wheel and then take a

light cut across the work.

35

Check the work piece to determine exactly how much Adjustment

stock is to be removed and also to find out what taper ad- for Taper

justment is necessary.
another light cut.
the amount of adjustment to make in order to overcome a

After

making this

adjustment take

Experience will soon teach the operator

known taper.

When the machine is grinding straight
tablished limits of the piece, determine the amount of stock
to be removed and set the index accordingly. When the piece
has been reduced to the size for which the index was set,

again check the piece itself with a micrometer or gauge and
if

necessary make a correction in the index setting and

within the es- Index

Setting

finally reduce the piece to size.

If there is much stock to be removed,
ing wheel is too soft for the job,
ably find that,

what oversize.

due to wheel wear, the piece will

Wheel

wear, of course, cannot be avoided

the operator will prob-

but by the selection of the correct wheel and by removing

only the few thousandths ordinarily taken off in finish

grinding, there should not be enough wear to necessitate a

or if the grind-

be

some-

Wheel
Wear

change in index setting for grinding one or two pieces.
IMPORTANT POINTS TO KEEP IN MINE

Unless the grinding wheel is correctly balanced, good Wheel

work cannot be produced. Because a grinding wheel

rectly balanced when it was full

size, it does not hold that

was cor-

it will be in balance after being somewhat worn down.

Always keep the wedge bolts in the spindle bearings Spindle

drawn up tightly.

check this point before starting the spindl€‘.

machine has warmed up, again tighten

When the machine is first

the wedge bolts before

installed,
After

the Adjustment '

attempting to grind.

Examine the center points frequently to see that they

are not scored. Also, be sure that the center holes in the

work piece are of sufficient size and that they are clean.

If the center holes have become damaged, good work cannot be
produced. If the headstock or footstock

centers are re-

moved always be sure to wipe out the spindle before reinsert

ing the center. Also inspect the center shank to be sure it

is free of nicks or specks of dirt.

the center will

'prevent its seating properly and cause

A tiny grain of dirt on

un-

satisfactory work to be ground. The condition of the centers
or the center holes is the most common cause of poor grind

ing .





Balance

Bearing

Center

Points

36

•>

s' •

ajfJi :

Fig. 21

Grinding Long, Slender Work on Steadyrests

;

4

U-

Fig. 22

Detail of Internal Grinding Set-Up

37

Be sure that sufficient oil is being delivered to the
table and wheel slide ways. Oil for the base ways is force-
fed to the ways, travels between the sliding table and base
and drains back into the reservoir from the ends of the base

ways. Wheel slide ways, on the other hand, are oiled from
oilers D shbwn in Fig. 7, page 14, and in Fig. 5, page 10.
These oilers

should be filled at least

once daily with the

same type of oil used in the force feed lubrication system.

WHEEL, WORK, AND TRAVERSE SPEEDS

Norton grinding machines are built to provide a surface

speed to the grinding wheel of approximately 6500 feet per

minute. As the wheel decreases in size, this surface speed,

of course, becomes less until a point is reached where the

wheel action is noticeably different.

softer and more frequent truings will
to obtain the desired finish.

A two-stepped motor sheave is

The wheel will act

be required in order

furnished so that worn wheels may be speeded up.

For efficient

grinding it is necessary to establish

the correct work and traverse speeds. The work speed will

depend on the nature of the material, the wheel being used

and the finish required.
traverse speed should be .the fastest
tain the desired results.
for

highly specialized

current, adjustable speed headstock motor.

In general, the work speed and the

possible to still

All Norton machines, except those

jobs, are equipped with a direct

Either a field

ob

rheostat or a drum controller is supplied by means of which
the work speed is adjusted.

Increasing the work speed tends

to make the grinding wheel act softer.

Way

Lubrica
tion

Spindle
Speed

Work

Speed



The

traverse speed should be adjusted when rough grind

ing so that at each revolution of the work the table will
advance a distance slightly
grinding

wheel. For finish

less

than the width of the

grinding the table speed is

greatly decreased. Here again experience alone will teach

the operator tne correct

work and table speeds that he

should use.
VIBRATION

Vibration

causes of difficulty

good finish.

in a grinding

and ruins the chances of obtaining a

Occasionally the source can be readily lo

machine is one of the chief

cated, but at other times its origin is very obscure.

An out-of-balance motor armature may be the cause of
vibration and it is for this reason that Norton Company pre
fers to supply motors with machines. The armature of every
motor used is removed and checked for dynamic balance before

the motor is mounted.



Traverse
Speed

Cause of

Difficulty



Motor
Armature



38

INFORMATION

Questions

Suppliers

Problems

If you have any question regarding the operation,

care

or possible adaptation of your Multipurpose machine to other
work, please feel free to write fully to Norton Company at
the home office,

In making any such inquiry,

Worcester, Massachusetts.

however,

please supply as
much Information as possible. Give the serial number of the
machine, which will

be found stamped on the left front

of
the base, together with information concerning its purchase.
It is important that we also be provided with information as
to whether you purchased the machine on the used machine

market and whether additions in the form of special attach
ments or mechanisms have been made to the machine since the

time it left our factory.

In stating

tion possible.

problems please give every bit of informa

This should include such data as the type of

material to be ground, the dimensions of the piece, the

production desired and the total quantities which will
required.

These facts

have an important bearing on the

be

money which may be judiciously spent on additional equip
ment, if such is necessary. In jobs which are unusual, state
the nature of the difficulties which you have encountered or

which may be expected. Often it is helpful If a sample part

is sent to us in order that we may use it in reaching a de

cision.









Repair
Parts or
Supplies

In the event that parts or supplies are to be ordered

for the Multipurpose, it is

drawings in this book be used as a reference.

suggested that the numerous

State clearly

the machine specifications such as length and swing, give

the serial number which will

be found stamped at the left

front of the base and define the part or parts wanted giving,

where possible, the part numbers as shown on the drawings.

In this

way considerable time may be saved in filling

order.

your

•■jn

m

39

SECTION V

v'

NORTON GRINDING WHEEL MARKINGS

There is absolutely no mystery about what Norton wheel markings
represent
the

grinding wheel user was given
Things First" was the underlying principle,
siders is the proper abrasive to use.

medium or fine wheel?" Next, "How hard should it be?"

In choosing the most logical method of marking wheels,

.

primary consideration.

The first

Then, "Will it be a

thing he con-

Then,

"First

coarse

"Do I

want it to cut very fast, or am I more interested in a dense struc

ture that will
Lastly,

"Does my operating speed call for an organic bond, or is

there any other reason, such as a polished

vitrified

bond will not be best?"

give a better finish and hold its

finish, why a regular

shape better?"

Norton markings follow out this method:
The five characteristics of a wheel in the order in which they

appear in the wheel marking, follow

Abrasive (kind, i.e.,

1.

2.

Grain (size of abrasive particles)

3.

Grade (strength of bond)

4.

Structure

(grained spacing)

Alundum, Crystolon, etc.)

,



5.

Bond (kind, i.e.,

Vitrified, Resinoid, etc.)

This is a typical Norton

Grinding Wheel

Kind

of

Abraiivo

Alundum brand of abrasive . (Blank)
38 Alundum brand of abrasive . . 38
19 Alundum brand of abrasive . . 19
15 Alundum brand of abrasive . . 15

35 Alundum brand of abrasive . . 35
57 Alundum brand of abrasive . . 57

Crystolon brand of abrasive . . 37

Green Crystolon brand of abrasive . 39

Grain Size* of Abrasive*

V.ry

Coorio Medium

Coon.

8

12 30 70 150
14 36 80 180

10

16 46 90 220
20 60 100 240

24

Th. finer flour tli.l or. doiiifi.d by hydrowlic icparoilon

For

i

i

choice send for booklet "Grinding Wheel Information and Selection."

a

Designation

«-• 182

120

complete and detailed discussion

3846-J5BE

Grade

floor
Six..

280
320
400
500
600

Very

Soil

E, F, G H, I, J, K L,M,NyO P,Q, R,S T,U,W,Z

There are additional symbols used to des

ignate certain
Examples: T-2H-a type of resinoid bond.

Soft

Medium

modifications of bonds.

Hord

Marking

Kind of
Vitrified Bond

"BE'Vitrifiod Bond

V.ry
Hord



Silicate Bond
Resinoid Bond .
Rubber
Shellac
“

V" Shellac Bond

Structure

Structure No. 0,1, 2,3 4,5,6 7,8,9,10,11,12

on the subject of wheel

Bond

Bond
Bond

Cloi.

Spocing

Medium

Spacing

Symbol

Wide

Spacing

(Blank)

BE
S
T
R

L

V

40

SECTION VI

SPECIFICATIONS

12"

Maximum swing over table

12-15/16"

Maximum swing over splash guards 12-1/4"

Maximum distance internal spindle

14"

14-15/16" 16-15/16"
14-1/4"

16"

16-1/4"

axis to work center axis:

Back of work center axis

In front of work center axis

Maximum diameter work ground

with 14" wheel

5-1/2"
3-1/4"

5-1/2"
3-1/4

ri

12-15/16" 14-15/16" 16-15/16"

5-1/2"
3-1/4"

Standard grinding wheels: 14 x l| x 5" Type 5, recessed 8 x

14 x 3/4 x 5" Type 1, bevelled 30°

12 x 3 x 5" Type 6 Cup, I" rim 1" back

Steadyrests
Coolant

Hydraulic oil capacity
Headstock - weight complete (approx.

-

maximum diameter accommodated

tank capacity

...................................................

....................................

)

. 15 gals.
. 540 lbs.

4i

,f

30 gals.

9

Pootstock - weight complete (approx.)

Wheel Head - weight complete (approx.

Wheel Spindle Speeds (approx.).

Table Speed Range

MOTORS

Wheel drive:

#Work drive:

5 h.p., 3600 r.p.m.,

i h.p., 690/2760 r.p.m.,

Hydraulic pump drive:
Coolant pump drive:

#Note

In some cases a l/2 h.p., 1200 r.p.m.

:

3/4 h.p., 1800 r.p.m.,

l/4 h.p., 1800 r.p.m.,

speed A.C. motor is furnished,
speeds - 30, 60, 90 and 120 r.p.m.
available in this case.

With the heavy duty headstock a 3/4 h.p., ad

justable speed D.C. motor can be used.

. 100 lbs.

)

800 lbs.

.1440, 1720 and 2150 r.p.m.

• • . .7" to 144" per. min.

constant speed A.C.

adjustable speed D.C.

constant speed A.C.

constant speed A.C.

constant

Only four work

are



►

41

1

Net weight (approx.)

12"

complete:

14"
16"

i.

36 "

7100 lbs
7200
7300

.

48"

8000 lbs.

8100
9200

72"

9300 lbs.
9500

9700

*

Form No. 1261 - 2P-2-41-1M

Printed in United States of America