Page 1

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Page 2

NORTON
1L*
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VERTICAL
LAPPING
MACHINE
The Norton No. I6FC Vertical Lapping Machine
surfaces flat or cylindrical work within it's
capacity to closer tolerances, better finish and
quality of surface, than is obtainable by any
other commercial method.
This machine is capable of producing optically
flat surfaces and thickness tolerances in mil
lionths. Producing work to fine repetitive accu
racy, it serves to reduce inspections and to
eliminate the need for selective assembly.
The No. I6FC Lapping Machine is particularly
efficient for production of size blocks, plug
gages,
Valve plates, the component parts of metering
pumps, refrigerator compressors and Diesel en
gine injectors are some of the many other parts
also within this category.
sides of ball races and thrust washers.
2
Page 3

N-5803A
Page 4

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The machine is arranged with horizontally
opposed cast iron laps. The upper lap is
free floating to adjust itself to the work.
Normally it does not rotate, but it may be
released for free rotation during lap face
dressing or for release of thin work tending
to adhere to the lap during unloading.
* --
A
.
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• •
N-5565
i
DESIGN
HIGHLIGHTS
2
The lower lap is rotated in all cylindrical
lapping, for most flat lapping and for lap
dressing. When the machine must function
with both laps non-rotating—the most sat
isfactory method of finishing gage blocks
or similar tall flat pieces to exacting toler
ances—the No. I6FC will operate with the
independent workholder drive mechanism.
'
.
1
:
!
4
Page 5

5
4
The Dual-Drive arrangement, besides provid
ing for stationary or nonrotating lapping
plates, permits selecting a range of work-
holder speeds by simple belt change. This
greater selectivity of work speeds adds to
the versatility of the machine so that many
unusual operations of lapping may be per
formed.
i
N • 5809
A
An automatically applied magnetic brake is
provided on lap drive shaft. This prevents
coasting of lower lap and possible marking
of work should lap be raised while in motion.
It is particularly useful when lapping cylindri
cal parts.
6
N-5808A
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I
N-5921
!
Compact positioning of controls and oper
ating mechanisms assure maximum ease in
operation and speed production. Note
shoulder-level upper lap raising and locking
mechanisms, and eye-level mounting of elec
tric timer mechanism.*
♦(For Automatic Cycle Arrangement supplied
as extra)
Housing of electrical controls in elevated
trol cabinet facilitates maintenance and insures
against infiltration of floor level dust and dirt.
N-5567
con-
5
Page 6

FLAT
LAPPING
i
»
Flat lapping finishes opposite sides of a quantity of parallel work
pieces simultaneously. The work is moved positively between the
lap faces by the motion imparted by the workholder. This motion,
together with the proper distribution of the work, makes for uni
form coverage df the lap in a constantly changing path.
Workholding equipment for flat lapping in the No. I6FC Lapping
Machine is of two basic types—the two-piece and plate types.
Two different styles of the two-piece workholder are available.
The preferred is the sprocket type in which a positive planetary
motion is imparted to the adaptors or work retainers.
The other style Qf two-piece workholder is similar in action, but it
imparts a frictional drive to the adaptors or work retainers instead
of the positive drive as provided in the sprocket type. The fric
tional drive type two-piece workholder is best suited to thicker
work pieces.
The plate type workholder, also known as the one-piece type is
frequently desirable where the work pieces are large in size and
*
»
thin. Variations of this workholder are often employed when the
work to be lapped is irregularly shaped. In general however,
workholding devices are designed for the work in question.
Samples or prints submitted with an inquiry permit the offering
of the most efficient equipment.
Specially arranged work adaptors to support irregular pieces for
lapping one flat face can be supplied. Spring mounted adaptor
inserts and cushion spacers make it possible to handle a large
variety of work.
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Page 7

FLAT
LAPPING
»
!
holding
equipment
N-5651A
Sprocket Type Two-
Piece Workholder—Pre
ferable for thin pieces
small enough to be nested
I
at least three pieces to
each adaptor.
work
Frictional Drive Two-
Piece Workholder—Par
ticularly suited to thick
work pieces within it's
range.
>
(
!
N -3 520
Plate
:
holder—For large and
:
thin work, or for irregularly
I
Type Work-
shaped work pieces.
/V,
Page 8

CYLINDRICAL
LAPPING
!
:
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In cylindrical lapping the work rolls and slides between the faces
of the top and bottom lapping plates. The lower lap imparts a
rolling motion to the work causing the workholder to revolve upon
a single eccenctric drive pin in the center of the planetary mecha
nism. The work is carried in slots or on legs or fingers of a suitable
workholder. The slots or legs are not radial but are disposed tan
gentially to impart additional slipping between the lap faces and
the work pieces.
The speed ratio of the eccentric drive pin provides a breakup of
work speed relative to the lap, and distributes the wear uniformly
over the entire lap surface.
The best results are obtained in cylindrical lapping when the
greatest number of work pieces are carried by the workholder.
The greatest accuracy is obtained when the work forms a single
track on the lap and when the face of the lap is narrowed to the
exact length of the work. It is possible to use wider laps when a
variety of sizes are to be handled, but in this case the work must
be staggered or doubled up to insure complete coverage of the
lap face.
In general however, the lap size chosen should suit the length of
the work piece. Large diameter laps for long parts, and small
diameter laps for short pieces are
I 6FC Machine
the best lapping action may be provided.
are available in diameters from 8" to 18" so that
desirable. Laps for the No.
Workholders for cylindrical lapping are generally of two styles.
One, identified as the piston pin type, is ideal for tubular work
as it provides means for loading outside the machine and remov
ing a load intact after lapping. The lapped surface does not
contact the holding device and is not marred in any way. A
second workholder being unloaded and reloaded while lapping pro
ceeds will increase production appreciably.
The other style is known as the slotted plate type. This is particu
larly suitable for solid plungers, or cylindrical pieces with small,
eccentric, or blind holes.
Plug gages require special workholders to prevent marring of the
finished surface. Floating center type workholders which
complish this are available for all plug gages of standard design.^^^
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Page 9

•
CYLINDRICAL
LAPPING
work
holding
equipment
Piston Pin Type Work-
holder—Ideal for tubular
work as it provides means
for loading outside the
machine and for removing
the finished work load in
tact.
Slotted Plate Type
Workholder—Particularly
suited for solid plungers
or cylindrical pieces with
small, eccentric, or blind
holes.
Special 8" diameter Lap
with special workholder
—
This arrangement is ideal
for very small work of small
diameter such as screw
thread measuring wires and
other parts from 1/16" to
3/16" diameter up to 2*'
in length.
9
Page 10

LAPS
i
CAPACITY
The laps supplied with the No. I6FC Lapping Machine are made from
specially close grained soft gray iron that is suitably heat-treated. They
are ground and lapped and ready for use.
For flat lapping they are used in their full width of face. For cylindrical
lapping they are normally machined to special widths as required for
work piece size.
For flat work of large area, and for perforated pieces, serrated laps are
supplied. Cylindrical lapping and fine finish flat lapping require smooth
face laps.
For selected applications, bonded abrasive laps are available for this
machine.
The No. I6FC Machine has the capacity to accomodate a wide range
of work. A variety of parts within it's capacity are illustrated below,
Larger pieces can be handled with suitable workholding fixtures provide
the production requirements warrant it. It is recommended that details
of each specific job be submitted to Norton Lapping Engineers so that
the best selection of laps and workholders may be supplied.
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N-5819A
Page 11

4
Checking Norton
Laps for flatness
to millionths of an
inch.
4
Checking work lap
ped to .00001" for
thickness and par
allelism in No. 16-
FC Lapping Ma
chine.
7i>
- iv‘
N-5914
• SPECIFICATIONS •
CAPACITY
Flat work (thickness by longest dimension)
Cylindrical work (diameter by length) . .
LAPS
Diameter
Max. width of face
Speed of lower
Distance between, maximum. . . .
Floor space, .... ...................................
Height of machine (without timer). . .
.....................................
......................
..............................
8", 14", 16" or 18"
.2", 3", 4" or 5"
... .40 to 60 r.p.m.
3" x 5"
3" x 5"
27" x 40"
W
3l/2”
max.
max.
Height of machine, with timer
Motor required
Weights—approximate; with motor
Net ................................................
Domestic shipping
Export shipping ............................
Export shipping dimensions
Cubic contents
Export shipping dimensions, with timer.
Cubic contents, with timer
Because of variations in equipment and castings, exact weights and cubics cannot be given. The above
weights are in pounds; cubics are in cubic feet. Motor weights are included.
The descriptions, illustrations and specifications in this booklet are correct at the time of printing.
Since the policy of Norton Company is constantly to improve its machines, those built at later
data maey differ from these details to some extent.
..........................................
..........................
...............................
.............
....................
I h.p., 1750 r.p.m.
.....................
.....................
.....................
2' 7" x 3* 8" x 5' 2"
...............
..........................................2* 7" x 3' 8" x 5'
..............................................................
65"
1300
lbs.
1480
lbs.
1625
lbs.
43.4 cu. ft.
10"
58.0 cu. ft.
11
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Page 12

NORTmN:
GRINDING cmd LAPPING
GRakinq better products to make other products better
i
10" x 36" Somiautomotic Cylindrical Grinder
10"
x
20" Universal Grinder
products
ABRASIVES •
FLOOR AND STAIR TILE o AGGREGATES • NORBIDE
PRODUCTS • ENCAPSULATING MACHINES
CYLINDRICAL GRINDING ® SURFACE GRINDING
CYLINDRICAL AND FLAT LAPPING • UNIVERSAL TOOL
AND CUTTER GRINDING • UNIVERSAL GRINDING
SPECIALIZED GRINDING • CAM AND SHAPE GRINDING
CRANKPIN AND CRANKSHAFT BEARING GRINDING
VALVE GRINDING • ROLL GRINDING • SPECIAL
AIRCRAFT PRODUCTION GRINDING • ATTACHMENTS
AND EQUIPMENT FOR SPECIAL WORK
GRINDING WHEELS • REFRACTORIES
MACHINES FOR
v]
■
No. 20 Cutter and Tool Grinder
k .
No. 2 CAM-O-MATIC* Automatic Cam Grinder
'
Form 212-3P-1
-53-2500
:
MACHINE DIVISION OFFICES
Hartford 7
New York 6
Cleveland 3
Detroit 8
Chicago 32
•TRADE-MARK REG. U.S. PAT.
• . . 998 Farmington Avenue
• . . 1306 East 55th Street
• • • . 5805 Lincoln Avenue
4737 South Christiana Avenue
61 Broadway
EXPORT: NORTON BEHR-MANNING OVERSEAS INC.
CABLE
ADDRESS: NORBEMO, WORCESTER
8"
x
24" Surface Grinder
No. 26 HYPROIAP* lapping
Printed in
Machine
United Stote* of America