Nortel BayStack 450 Using Manual

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Software Release V1.3.0 Part No. 302401-D Rev 00

July 1999 4401 Great America Parkway

Santa Clara, CA 95054

Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

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and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full respo nsibility fo r th e ir app lica tio ns o f any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks NA Inc.

Trademarks

NORTEL NETWORKS is a trademark of Nortel Networks Corporation. Bay Networks and Optivity are registered trademar ks and Accelar, BayStack, EZ LAN, Optivity Campus, Optivity

Enterprise, StackProbe, and the Bay Networks logo are trademar ks of Nortel Networks NA Inc. Microsoft, MS, MS-DOS, Win32, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of impro vi ng int ern al de sig n, op er ati onal fun ction , a n d/or relia bi lity, Nortel Networks NA Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Nortel Networks NA Inc. does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

USA Requirements Only

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful in te rference when the equipment is op erated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiat e radio frequency energy. If it is not in stalled and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to take whatever measures may be necessary to correct the interference at their own expense.

European Requirements Only

EN 55 022 Statement

This is to certify th at the No rtel Netw ork s BaySta ck 45 0 switc h is shi elded a gainst the ge neratio n of radio in terfere nce in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class A (CISPR 22).

Warning: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environm en t, thi s produ c t may cau se radio in terf ere n ce, in which case, the user may be required to take ap propriate measures.

Achtung: Dieses ist ein Gerät der Funk störgrenzwertklasse A. In Wohnbereichen könne n bei Betrieb dieses Gerätes Rundfunkstörungen auftreten, in welchen Fällen der Benutzer für entsprechende Gegenm aßnahmen verantwortlich ist.

Attention: Ceci est un produit de Classe A. Dans un environnement domestique, ce pr oduit risque de c réer des interférences radioélectriques, il appartiendra alors à l’utilisateur de prendre les mesures spécifiques appropriées.

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EC Declaration of Conformity

This product co nforms (or these prod ucts conform) to the provisions of Council Directive 89/336/EEC and 73/23/EEC. The Declaration of Conformity is available on the Nortel Networks World Wide Web site at http://libra2.corpwest.baynetworks.com/cgi-bin/ndCGI.exe/DocView/.

Japan/Nippon Requirements Only

Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This is a Class A product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Tech nology Equipment (VCCI). If this equipment is used in a domestic environment, radio disturbance may arise. When such trouble occurs, the user may be required to take corrective actions.

Taiwan Requirements

Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) Statement

Canada Requirements Only

Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations

This digital apparatus (BaySt ack 450 switch) do es not e xceed th e C lass A limits f or ra dio-noise emissions from di gital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique du ministère des Communications

Cet appareil numérique (BayStack 450 switch) respecte les limites de bruits radioélectriques visant les appareils numériques de classe A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouilla ge r adioélectrique du ministère des Communications du Canada.

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Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement

NOTICE: Please carefully read this license agreement before copying or using the accompanying software or installing the hardware unit with pre-enabled software (each of which is referred to as “Software” in this Agreement). BY COPYING OR USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. THE TERMS EXPRESSED IN THIS AGREEMENT ARE THE ONLY TERMS UNDER WHICH NORTEL NETWORKS WILL PERMIT YOU TO USE THE SOFTWARE. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the product, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

1. License Grant. Nortel Networks NA Inc. (“Nortel Networks”) grants the end user of the Software (“Licensee”) a personal, none xclusive, nontransferable license: a) to u se the Softw are eit her on a single compute r or, if applicable, on a single authorized device identified by host ID, for which it was originally acquired; b) to copy the Software solely for backup purposes in support of authorized use of the Software; and c) to u s e and copy the associated user manual solely in support of aut horized u se of the Soft ware b y L icensee. This lic ense appl ies to the Softw are only and does no t extend to Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products. Nortel Networks Agent software or other Nortel Networks software products are licensed for use under the terms of the applicabl e Nortel Networks NA Inc. Software License Agreement that accompanies such software and upon payment by the end user of the applicable license fees for suc h soft ware.

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Licensee is responsible for the secu rity of its own data and information and for maintaining adequate procedure s apart from the Software to reconstruct lost or altered files, data, or programs.

4. Limitation of liability. IN NO EVENT WILL NOR TEL NETW ORKS OR ITS LICENSOR S BE LIABLE FOR ANY COST OF SUBSTITUTE PROCUREM ENT; SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONS EQ UENTIAL DAMAGES; OR ANY DAMAGES RESULTING FROM INACCURATE OR LOST DATA OR LOSS OF USE OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE LIABILITY OF NORTEL NETWORKS RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR THIS AGREEM ENT EXCEED THE PRICE PAID TO NORTEL NETWORKS FOR THE SOFTWARE LICENSE.

5. Government Licensees. This provision applies to all Softw are and d ocumentat ion acquire d directly or indirect ly by or on behalf of the United States Government. The Software and documentation are commercial products, licensed on the open market at market prices, and were developed entirel y at private expense and without the use of any U.S. Government funds. The license to the U.S. Government is granted only with restricted rights, and use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) of the Commercial Computer Software––Restric ted Rig hts cla u se of FAR 52.227-19 and th e limita tio ns se t out in this license for civilian agencies, and su bparagraph (c)(1 )(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause of DFARS

252.227-7013, for agencies of the Department of Defense or their successors, whichever is applicable.

6. Use of Software in the European Community. This provision applies to all Software acquired for use within the European Community. If Licensee uses the Software within a country in the European Community, the Software Directive enacted by the Council of European Communities Directive dated 14 May, 1991, will apply to the examination of the Software to facilitate interoperability. Licensee agrees to no tify Nortel Networks of any such intended examination of the Software and may procure support and assistance from Nortel Networks.

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8. Export and Re-export. Licensee agrees not to export, directly or indirect ly, the Software or related technical data or information without first obtaining any required export licenses or other governmental approvals. Without limiting the foregoing, Licensee, on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries and affiliates, agrees that it will not, without first obtaining all export licenses and approvals required by the U.S. Government: (i) export, re-export, transfer, or divert any such Software or tech nical data, or any direct product thereof, to any country to which su ch ex ports or re-exports are restricte d or em b argoed under United States e x po r t con t rol laws and regulations, or to any nation al or re sident of such restricted or embargoed countries; or (ii) provide the Software or related technical data or information to any military end user or for any military end use, including the design, development, or production of any chemical, nuclear, or biological weapons.

9. General. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable by a cour t of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the state of California.

Should you have any questions c oncerning this Agreement, contact Nortel Networks, 4401 Great America Parkway, P.O. Box 58185, Santa Clara, California 95054-8185.

LICENSEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT LICENSEE HAS READ THIS AGREEMENT, UNDERSTANDS IT, AND AGREES TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS. LICENSEE FURTHER AGREES THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN NORTEL NETWORKS AND LICENSEE, WHICH SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR ORAL AND WRITTEN AGREEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT. NO DIFFERENT OR ADDITIONAL TERMS WILL BE ENFORCEABLE AGAINST NORTEL NETWORKS UNLESS NORTEL NETWORKS GIVES ITS EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT, INCLUDING AN EXPRESS WAIVER OF THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

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Preface

Audience ......................................... ................................ ................................ .................x xi

Organization ...................................................................................................................xxii

Text Con ventions ...........................................................................................................xxiii

Acronyms ........................... .......................... .......................... ......................... ...............xxiii

Related Publications ......................................................................................................xxiv

How to Get Help .............................................................................................................xxv

Contents

Chapter 1 BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Physical Description .......................................................................................................1-1

Front Panel ...............................................................................................................1-2

Comm Port ........................................................................................................1-3

Uplink/Expansion Slot ........................................................................................1-3

Port Connectors .................................................................................................1-3

LED Display Panel .............................................................................................1-5

Back Panel ...............................................................................................................1-8

AC Power Receptacle ........................................................................................1-9

RPSU Connector .............................................................................................1-10

Cascade Module Slot ..................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... .......1 -11

Cooling Fans ....................................................................................................1-11

Features ........................................................................................................................ 1-11

IEEE 802.1p Prioritizing .........................................................................................1-14

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ..............................................................................................1-14

IGMP Snooping Feature ........................................................................................1-15

Flash Memory Storag e .......................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...................................... .1-1 5

Storage of Switch Software Image ..................................................................1-15

Storage of Configuration Parameters ..............................................................1-15

MultiLink Trunking ....................................... ....... ...................................... ....... ...... .1 -16

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Port Mirroring .........................................................................................................1-16

Autosensing and Autonegotiation ...........................................................................1-16

BootP Automatic IP Configuration/MAC Address ...................................................1-17

SNMP MIB Suppor t ..................................... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............1-18

Configuration and Switch Management .................................................................1-18

Network Configuration ..................................................................................................1-18

Desktop Switch Application ....................................................................................1-19

Segment Switch Application ...................................................................................1-20

High-Density Switc hed Workgroup Application ............... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............1-21

Fail-Safe Stack Application .....................................................................................1-22

Stack Operation ............................................................................................................1-23

BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module .....................................................................1-23

Cascade A Out Connector ...............................................................................1-24

Unit Select Switch ............................................................................................1-24

Cascade A In Connector .................................................................................1-24

Base Unit ................................................................................................................1-25

Initial Installation ..............................................................................................1-25

Stack MAC Address .........................................................................................1-26

Temporary Base Unit .......................................................................................1-26

Removing a Unit from the Stack ......................................................................1-27

Stack Configurations ..............................................................................................1-27

Stack Up Configurations ..................................................................................1-28

Stack Down Configurations .............................................................................1-28

Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature ..................................................................1-30

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups ..................................................................................1-32

IEEE 802.1Q Tagging .............................................................................................1-33

VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches .......................................................................1-37

VLANS Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches ......................................1-37

VLANS Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches ...............................................1-38

Shared Servers ......................................................................................................1-40

VLAN Workgroup Summary ...................................................................................1-45

VLAN Configuration Rules .....................................................................................1-47

IGMP Snooping ............................................................................................................1-48

IGMP Snooping Configuration Rules .....................................................................1-52

IEEE 802.1p Prioritizing ...............................................................................................1-53

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MultiLink Trunks .... ...... ....... ....................................... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............1-57

Client/Server Configuration Using MultiLink Trunks ...............................................1-58

Trunk Configuration Screen Examples ...................................................................1-60

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1 .......................................................1-60

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2 .......................................................1-63

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3 .......................................................1-65

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4 .......................................................1-67

Before Configuring Trunks ......................................................................................1-69

MultiLink Trunking Configuratio n Rules ........................... ...... ...... ....... ....................1-69

How the MultiLink Trunk Reacts to Losing Distributed Trunk Members .................1-71

Spanning Tree Considerations for MultiLink Trunks ...............................................1-72

Additional Tips About the MultiLink Trunking Feature ............................................1-75

Port Mirroring (Conversation Steering) .........................................................................1-76

Port-Based Mirroring Configuratio n ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ...........................1-77

Address-Based Mirroring Configuration .................................................................1-79

Port Mirroring Configuration Rules .........................................................................1-82

Chapter 2 Installing the BayStack 450 Switch

Installation Requirements ...............................................................................................2-1

Installation Procedure .....................................................................................................2-3

Installing the BayStack 450 Switch on a Flat Surface ..............................................2-3

Installing the BayStack 450 Switch in a Rack ..........................................................2-4

Attaching Devices to the BayStack 450 Switch ........................................................2-7

Connecting the 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports .................................................2-8

Connecting Fiber Optic Ports ............................................................................2-9

Console/Comm Port ........................................................................................2-10

Connecting a Terminal to the Console/Comm Port ..........................................2-11

Connecting Power .........................................................................................................2-12

Verifying the Installation ................................................................................................2-14

Verifying the Installation Using the LEDs ...............................................................2-14

Verifying the Installation Using the Self-Test Screen ..............................................2-15

Initial Setup ...................................................................................................................2-17

Standalone Switch Setup .......................................................................................2-17

Stack Setup ............................................................................................................2-20

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Chapter 3 Using the Console Interface

Accessing the CI Menus and Screens ............................................................................3-1

Using the CI Menus and Screens ...................................................................................3-2

Navigating the CI Menus and Screens .....................................................................3-2

Screen Fields and Descriptions ...............................................................................3-3

Main Menu ......................................................................................................................3-4

IP Configuration/Setup ......................... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ......................3-8

Choosing a BootP Request Mode ................................................................................3-10

BootP When Needed .............................................................................................3-10

BootP Always .........................................................................................................3-11

BootP Disabled ......................................................................................................3-11

BootP or Last Address ...........................................................................................3-12

SNMP Configuration .......... ....................................... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............3-13

System Characteristics ................................ ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ....... 3 -15

Switch Configuration .....................................................................................................3-18

MAC Address Table ................................................................................................3-20

VLAN Configuration Menu .....................................................................................3-22

VLAN Configuration .........................................................................................3-24

VLAN Port Configuration .................................................................................3-26

VLAN Display by Port ......................................................................................3-29

Traffic Class Configuration ...............................................................................3-30

Port Configuration ..................................................................................................3-32

High Speed Flow Control Configuration .................................................................3-34

Choosing a High Speed Flow Control Mode ..........................................................3-36

Symmetric Mode ..............................................................................................3-36

Asymmetric ........... ............................................. ............................................. .3-3 7

MultiLink Trunk Configuration ............................. ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3 -37

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ..............................................................3-39

MultiLink Trunk Utiliz ation Sc re en ................................................ ....................3-41

Port Mirroring Configuration ...................................................................................3-45

Rate Limiting Configuration ....................................................................................3-48

IGMP Configuration ................................................................................................3-51

Port Statistics .........................................................................................................3-54

Console/Comm Port Configuration ...............................................................................3-58

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Renumber Stack Units ..................................................................................................3-65

Hardware Unit Information ............................................................................................3-67

Spanning Tree Configuration ........................................................................................3-67

Spanning Tree Port Configuration ..........................................................................3-69

Display Spanning Tree Switch Settings ..................................................................3-72

TELNET Configuration .................................................................................................3-75

Software Download .......................................................................................................3-78

Configuration File .........................................................................................................3-82

Display Event Log .........................................................................................................3-85

Excessive Bad Entries ...........................................................................................3-86

Write Threshold ......................................................................................................3-86

Flash Update .. ...... ....... ....................................... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ....... 3 -8 7

Reset ............................................................................................................................3-88

Reset to Default Settings ..............................................................................................3-90

Logout ................................ ................... .................... ................... ................... ............. . 3 -93

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting

Interpreting the LEDs .....................................................................................................4-2

Diagnosing and Correcting the Problem ................... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ......................4-5

Normal Power-Up Sequence ....................................................................................4-6

Port Connection Problems .......................................................................................4-7

Autonegotiation Modes ......................................................................................4-8

Port Interface .....................................................................................................4-9

Appendix A Technical Specifications

Environmental .................... ................................ ................................ ............................ A -1

Electrical ......... ................................................................ ............................................... A -1

Physical Dimensions ...................................................................................................... A-2

Performance Specifications ........................................................................................... A-2

Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility ............................................................. A-2

Data Rate ......................................................................................................................A-2

Interface Options ........................................................................................................... A-3

Safety Agency Certification ........................................................................................... A-3

Electromagnetic Emissions ........................................................................................... A-3

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Electromagnetic Immunity ............................................................................................. A-3

Declaration of Conformity .............................................................................................. A-4

Appendix B Gigabit Fiber Optical Characteristics

1000BASE-SX Models .................................................................................................. B-1

Operating Range ..................................................................................................... B-1

Transmit Characteristics .......................................................................................... B-2

Receive Characteristics .......................................................................................... B-3

Worst-Case Power Budget and Penalties ....................... ...... ...... ....... ..................... B-3

1000BASE-LX Models ................................................................................................... B-4

Operating Range ..................................................................................................... B-4

Transmit Characteristics .......................................................................................... B-5

Receive Characteristics .......................................................................................... B-5

Worst-Case Power Budget and Penalties ....................... ...... ...... ....... ..................... B-6

Appendix C Media Dependent Adapters

10BASE-T/100BASE-TX MDA ......................................................................................C-2

100BASE-FX MDAs .......................................................................................................C-3

1000BASE-SX MDAs ....................................................................................................C-6

M1000BASE-LX MDAs ..................................................................................................C-9

Installing an MDA ......................................... ...... ....................................... ...... ....... ...... C-11

Replacing an MDA with a Different Model ................................................................... C-13

1000BASE-LX Multimode Applications .......................................................................C-13

Appendix D Quick Steps to Features

Configuring 802.1Q VLANs ...........................................................................................D-2

Configuring MultiLink Trunks ......................................................................................... D-4

Configuring Port Mirroring .............................................................................................D-5

Configuring IGMP Snooping ..........................................................................................D-7

Appendix E Connectors and Pin Assignments

RJ-45 (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) Port Connectors .. ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .. E-1

MDI and MDI-X Devices ................................................................................................ E-2

MDI-X to MDI Cable Connections ........................................................................... E-3

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MDI-X to MDI-X Cable Connections ..................................... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .. E-4

DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port Connector ................................... ...... ....... ...... .. E-5

Appendix F Default Settings

Appendix G Sample BootP Configuration File

Index

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Figure 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch Versions .................................................................1-1

Figure 1-2. BayStack 450 Switch Front Panels ..........................................................1-2

Figure 1-3. BayStack 450-24T/12T LED Display Panel ..............................................1-5

Figure 1-4. BayStack 450-12F LED Display Panel .....................................................1-6

Figure 1-5. BayStack 450 Switch Back Panel ............................................................1-9

Figure 1-6. BayStack 450 Switch Used as a Desktop Switch ..................................1-19

Figure 1-7. BayStack 450 Switch Used as a Segment Switch .................................1-20

Figure 1-8. Configuring Power Workgroups and a Shared Media Hub ....................1-21

Figure 1-9. Fail-Safe Stack Example ........................................................................1-22

Figure 1-10. BayStack 400-ST1 Front-Panel Components ....... .................................1-23

Figure 1-11. Connecting Cascade Cables .................................................................1-24

Figure 1-12. Stack Up Configuration Example ...........................................................1-28

Figure 1-13. Stack Down Configuration Example .......................................................1-29

Figure 1-14. Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature ..................................................1-31

Figure 1-15. Port-Based VLAN Example ......... ....... ...... ....................................... ...... .1-3 2

Figure 1-16. Default VLAN Settings ...........................................................................1-34

Figure 1-17. 802.1Q Tagging (1 of 4) .........................................................................1-35

Figure 1-18. 802.1Q Tagging (2 of 4) .........................................................................1-35

Figure 1-19. 802.1Q Tagging (3 of 4) .........................................................................1-36

Figure 1-20. 802.1Q Tagging (4 of 4) .........................................................................1-36

Figure 1-21. VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches .............................1-37

Figure 1-22. VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches ......................................1-38

Figure 1-23. Possible Problems with VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol .................1-39

Figure 1-24. Multiple VLANs Sharing Resources .......................................................1-40

Figure 1-25. VLAN Broadcast Domains Within the Switch .........................................1-41

Figure 1-26. Default VLAN Configuration Screen Example ........................................1-42

Figure 1-27. VLAN Configuration Screen Example ....................................................1-43

Figure 1-28. Default VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example ................................1-44

Figure 1-29. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example ............................................1-45

Figures

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Figure 1-30. VLAN Configuration Spanning Multiple Switches ..................................1-46

Figure 1-31. IP Multicast Propagation With IGMP Routing ........................................1-49

Figure 1-32. BayStack 450 Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (1 of 2) .................1-50

Figure 1-33. BayStack 450 Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (2 of 2) .................1-51

Figure 1-34. Prioritizing Packets .......................................... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .1 -53

Figure 1-35. Port Transmit Queue ..............................................................................1-54

Figure 1-36. Default Traffic Class Configuration Screen Example .............................1-55

Figure 1-37. Setting Port Priority Example .................................................................1-56

Figure 1-38. Switch-to-Switch Trunk Configuration Example .....................................1-57

Figure 1-39. Switch-to-Server Trunk Configuration Example .....................................1-58

Figure 1-40. Client/Server Configuration Example .....................................................1-59

Figure 1-41. Choosing the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ..............................1-60

Figure 1-42. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1 ..............................1-61

Figure 1-43. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2 ..............................1-63

Figure 1-44. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3 ..............................1-65

Figure 1-45. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4 ..............................1-67

Figure 1-46. Loss of Distributed Trunk Members .......................................................1-71

Figure 1-47. Path Cost Arbitration Example ...............................................................1-72

Figure 1-48. Example 1: Correctly Configured Trunk .................................................1-73

Figure 1-49. Example 2: Detecting a Misconfigured Port .......... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .1 -74

Figure 1-50. Port-Based Mirroring Configuratio n Exampl e .......................... ....... ...... .1-77

Figure 1-51. Port Mirroring Port-Based Screen Example ...........................................1-79

Figure 1-52. Address-Based Mirroring Configuration Example ..................................1-80

Figure 1-53. Port Mirroring Address-Based Screen Example ....................................1-81

Figure 2-1. Package Contents ....................................................................................2-2

Figure 2-2. Positioning the Chassis in the Rack .........................................................2-5

Figure 2-3. Attaching Mounting Brackets ...................................................................2-6

Figure 2-4. Installing the BayStack 450 Switch in an Equipment Rack ......................2-6

Figure 2-5. 10/100 Mb/s Port Connections .................................................................2-8

Figure 2-6. Fiber Optic Port Connections ...................................................................2-9

Figure 2-7. Connecting to the Console/Comm Port .................................................2-11

Figure 2-8. BayStack 450 Switch AC Power Receptacle ..........................................2-13

Figure 2-9. Grounded AC Power Outlet ....................................................................2-13

Figure 2-10. Observing LEDs to Verify Proper Operation ..........................................2-14

Figure 2-11. BayStack 450 Switch Self-Test Screen ..................................................2-15

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Figure 2-12. Nortel Networks Logo Screen ................................................................2-16

Figure 2-13. Main Menu .............................................................................................2-18

Figure 2-14. IP Configuration/Setup Screen (Standalone Switch) .............................2-19

Figure 2-15. Main Menu (Standalone Switch Example) .............................................2-21

Figure 2-16. Main Menu (Stack Configuration Example) ............................................2-21

Figure 2-17. IP Configuration/Setup Screen (Stack Configuration) ............................2-22

Figure 3-1. Map of Console Interface Screens ...........................................................3-3

Figure 3-2. Console Interface Main Menu ..................................................................3-4

Figure 3-3. IP Configuration/Setup Screen ................................................................3-8

Figure 3-4. SNMP Configuration Screen ....... ....... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3-13

Figure 3-5. System Characteristics Screen .......... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3 -15

Figure 3-6. Switch Configuration Menu Screen ........................................................3-18

Figure 3-7. MAC Address Table Screen ...................................................................3-21

Figure 3-8. VLAN Configuration Menu Screen .........................................................3-23

Figure 3-9. VLAN Configuration Screen ............... ...... ....... ...... ...... ....... ...... ..............3-24

Figure 3-10. VLAN Port Configuration Screen ...........................................................3-27

Figure 3-11. VLAN Display by Port Screen ................................................................3-29

Figure 3-12. Traffic Class Configuration Screen .........................................................3-31

Figure 3-13. Port Configuration Screen (1 of 2) .........................................................3-32

Figure 3-14. Port Configuration Screen (2 of 2) .........................................................3-33

Figure 3-15. High Speed Flow Control Configuration Screen ....................................3-35

Figure 3-16. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu Screen ..........................................3-38

Figure 3-17. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen ....................................................3-40

Figure 3-18. MultiLink Trunk Utilization Sc reen (1 of 2) ....... ...... ...... ...........................3-42

Figure 3-19. MultiLink Trunk Utilization Sc reen (2 of 2) ....... ...... ...... ...........................3-43

Figure 3-20. Port Mirroring Configuration Screen ......................................................3-45

Figure 3-21. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen (1 of 2) ...........................................3-48

Figure 3-22. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen (2 of 2) ...........................................3-49

Figure 3-23. IGMP Configuration Screen ...................................................................3-51

Figure 3-24. Port Statistics Screen .............................................................................3-54

Figure 3-25. Console/Comm Port Configuration Screen ............................................3-58

Figure 3-26. Renumber Stack Units Screen ...............................................................3-65

Figure 3-27. Hardware Unit Information Screen .........................................................3-67

Figure 3-28. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu Screen ...........................................3-68

Figure 3-29. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen (1 of 2) .................................3-69

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Figure 3-30. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen (2 of 2) .................................3-70

Figure 3-31. Spanning Tree Switch Settings Screen ..................................................3-72

Figure 3-32. TELNET Configuration Screen ..............................................................3-75

Figure 3-33. Software Download Screen ...................................................................3-79

Figure 3-34. Configuration File Download/Upload Screen .........................................3-82

Figure 3-35. Event Log Screen .......... ....... ...... ....... ...... ....................................... ...... .3-8 5

Figure 3-36. Sample Event Log Entry Showing Excessive Bad Entries .....................3-86

Figure 3-37. Sample Event Log Entry Exceeding the Write Threshold ......................3-87

Figure 3-38. Sample Event Log Entry Showing Flash Update Status ........................3-87

Figure 3-39. Self-Test Screen After Resetting the Switch ......... ...... ....... ...... ....... ...... .3-8 8

Figure 3-40. Nortel Networks Logo Screen ................................................................3-89

Figure 3-41. Self-Test Screen After Resetting to Default Settings ..............................3-91

Figure 3-42. Nortel Networks Logo Screen After Resetting to Default Settings .........3-92

Figure 3-43. Password Prompt Screen ......................................................................3-93

Figure 4-1. BayStack 450-24T/12T LED Display Panel ..............................................4-2

Figure 4-2. BayStack 450-12F LED Display Panel .....................................................4-3

Figure C-1. 400-4TX MDA Front Panel ......................................................................C-2

Figure C-2. 100BASE-FX MDA Front Panels .............................................................C-4

Figure C-3. 1000BASE-SX MDA Front Panels ..........................................................C-7

Figure C-4. 1000BASE-LX MDA Front Panels .........................................................C-10

Figure C-5. Installing an MDA .................................................................................. C-12

Figure D-1. Configuring 802.1Q VLANs (1 of 2) ........................................................D-2

Figure D-2. Configuring 802.1Q VLANs (2 of 2) ........................................................D-3

Figure D-3. Configuring MultiLink Trunks ...................................................................D-4

Figure D-4. Configuring Port Mirroring (1 of 2) ..........................................................D-5

Figure D-5. Configuring Port Mirroring (2 of 2) ..........................................................D-6

Figure D-6. Configuring IGMP Snooping (1 of 3) ....................................................... D-7

Figure D-7. Configuring IGMP Snooping (2 of 3) ....................................................... D-8

Figure D-8. Configuring IGMP Snooping (3 of 3) ....................................................... D-9

Figure E-1. RJ-45 (8-Pin Modular) Port Connector ................................................... E-1

Figure E-2. MDI-X to MDI Cable Connections ........................................................... E-3

Figure E-3. MDI-X to MDI-X Cable Connections ....................................................... E-4

Figure E-4. DB-9 Console/Comm Port Connector ..................................................... E-5

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Table 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch LED Descriptions .................................................1-6

Table 1-2. International Power Cord Specifications ..................................................1-9

Table 2-1. Power-Up Sequence ..............................................................................2-14

Table 3-1. Console Interface Main Menu options .....................................................3-5

Table 3-2. IP Configuration/Setup Screen Fields .....................................................3-9

Table 3-3. SNMP Configuration Screen Fields ......................................................3-13

Table 3-4. System Characteristics Screen Fields ..................................................3-16

Table 3-5. Switch Configuration Menu Screen Options .........................................3-19

Table 3-6. MAC Address Table Screen Fields .......................................................3-21

Table 3-7. VLAN Configuration Menu Screen Options ...........................................3-23

Table 3-8. VLAN Configuration Screen Fields .......................................................3-25

Table 3-9. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Fields ................................................3-27

Table 3-10. VLAN Display by Port Screen Fields .....................................................3-30

Table 3-11. Traffic Class Configuration Screen Fields ..............................................3-31

Table 3-12. Port Configuration Screen Fields ..........................................................3-33

Table 3-13. High Speed Flow Control Configuration Screen Fields .........................3-35

Table 3-14. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu Screen Options .............................3-38

Table 3-15. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen Fields .........................................3-40

Table 3-16. MultiLink Trunk Utilization Scre en Fiel ds .......................... ...... ....... ...... .3 -4 3

Table 3-17. Port Mirroring Configuration Screen Fields ...........................................3-46

Table 3-18. Monitoring Modes ..................................................................................3-47

Table 3-19. Rate Limiting Configuration Screen Fields .............................................3-50

Table 3-20. IGMP Configuration Screen Fields .......................................................3-52

Table 3-21. Port Statistics Screen Fields .................................................................3-55

Table 3-22. Console/Comm Port Configuration Screen Fields ................................3-58

Table 3-23. Renumber Stack Units Screen Options ................................................3-66

Table 3-24. Spanning Tree Configuration Menu Screen Options .............................3-68

Table 3-25. Spanning Tree Port Configuration Screen Fields ..................................3-70

Table 3-26. Spanning Tree Switch Settings Parameters ..........................................3-73

Tables

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Table 3-27. TELNET Configuration Screen Fields ...................................................3-76

Table 3-28. Software Download Screen Fields ........................................................3-79

Table 3-29. LED Indications During the Software Download Process .....................3-81

Table 3-30. Configuration File Download/Upload Screen Fields .............................3-83

Table 3-31. Parameters Not Saved to the Configuration File ....................................3-84

Table 4-1. BayStack 450 Switch LED Descriptions .................................................4-3

Table 4-2. Corrective Actions ...................................................................................4-7

Table B-1. Operating Range for 1000BASE-SX ....................................................... B-1

Table B-2. 1000BASE-SX Transmit Characteristics ................................................. B-2

Table B-3. 1000BASE-SX Receive Characteristics ................................................. B-3

Table B-4. Worst-Case 1000BASE-SX Power Budget and Penalties ...................... B-4

Table B-5. Operating Range for 1000BASE-LX ....................................................... B-4

Table B-6. 1000BASE-LX Transmit Characteristics ................................................ B-5

Table B-7. 1000BASE-LX Receive Characteristics ................................................. B-5

Table B-8. Worst-Case 1000BASE-LX Power Budget and Penalties ....................... B-6

Table C-1. 400-4TX MDA Components ...................................................................C-2

Table C-2. 100BASE-FX MDA Components ...........................................................C-5

Table C-3. 1000BASE-SX MDA Components .......................................................... C-8

Table C-4. 1000BASE-LX MDA Components ........................................................C-11

Table E-1. RJ-45 Port Connector Pin Assignments ................................................ E-2

Table E-2. DB-9 Console/Comm Port Connector Pin Assignments ........................ E-5

Table F-1. Factory Default Settings for the Ba yStack 450 Switch ............................F-1

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Congratulations on your purchase of the BayStack 450 switch, part of the Nortel Networks products.

There are three versions of the BayStack 450 switch: the Model 450-24T, the Model 450-12T, and the Model 450-12F. This guide describes the features, uses, and installation procedures for the three versions. (Unless otherwise specified, the terms “Bay Stack 450 switch” and “switch” refer to all s witch versions.)

Preface

BayStack 10/100/1000 Switch line of communications

Audience

BayStack 450 switches include a dedicated Uplink Module slot for attaching optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types, including gigabit Ethernet. Installation instructions are included with each MDA (see your Nortel Networks sales representa tive for ordering in formation).

For more information about the MDAs, see Appendix C, “Media Dependent Adapters.”

BayStack 450 switches c onfigured with BayStack 450 softwar e version V1.1.0 or later provide Fail-Safe stackability when you install the optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module. Installation instructions are included with each BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see your Nortel Networks sales representative for ordering information).

For more information about the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module, see “Stack Operation” on page 1-23.

This guide is intended fo r network inst allers and sy stem administrators who are responsible for installing, configuring, or maintaining networks. This guide assumes that you und ers ta nd t he t ran smis sion and management protocols used on your network.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Organization

This guide has four chapters, seven appendixes, and an index:

If you want to: Go to:

Learn about the BayStack 450 switch and its key features Chapter 1 Install the BayStack 450 switch on a flat surface or in a 19-inch

equipment rack, and verify its operation Connect to the BayStack 450 switch Console/Comm Port and

learn how to use the console interface (CI) menus to configure and manage a standalone switch or a stack configuration

Troubleshoot and diagnose problems with the BayStack 450 switch

View operational and environmental specifications that apply to the BayStack 450 switch

View gigabit fiber optical characteristics of the (optional) 1000BASE-SX/LX MDAs

Learn about optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) you can use with the BayStack 450 switch

Learn about Quick-Step flowcharts for using the BayStack 450 switch features

Learn more about the BayStack 450 switch connectors (ports) and pin assignments

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Appendix A

Appendix B

Appendix C

Appendix D

Appendix E

View a listing of the factory default settings for the BayStack 450 switch

View a sample BootP configuration file Appendix G View an alphabetical listing of the topics and subtopics in this

guide, with cross-references to relevant information

xxii

Appendix F

Index

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Text Conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

Preface

bold text

Indicates command names and options and text that you need to enter.

Example: Enter Example: Use the

show ip {alerts | routes

dinfo

command.

italic text Indicates fi le and directory names, new term s, book

titles, and variables in command syntax descriptions. Where a variable is two or more words, th e words are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is:

show at

valid_route

is one variable and you substitute one value

for it.

screen text Indicates system output, for example, prompts and

system m essages. Example:

Set Trap Monitor Filters

[Enter] Named keys in text are enclosed in square brackets.

The notation [Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.

[Ctrl]-C Two or more ke ys that must be pressed si mul tan eously

Acrony ms

This guide uses the following acronyms:

AUI attachme nt unit interface BootP Bootstrap Protocol CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access/collision detection

302401-D Rev 00

are shown in text linked with a hyphen (-) sign.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

IP Internet Protocol ISO Interna tional Organization for St andardizat ion MAC media access control MAU media access unit MDI-X medium dependent interface cros sover PPP Point-to-Point Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol STP shielded twisted pai r

Related Publications

For more inf ormat ion about using the BayStack 450 switch, refer to the following publications:

• Installing Media Dependent Adapters (MDA)s (Bay Networks part number 302403-C)

Describes how to install optional MDAs to your BayStack 450 switch.

• Installing the BayStac k 400-ST1 Cas cade Module (Bay Networks part number 304433-A)

Describes how to connect up to eight BayStack 450 swit ches into a stack configuration by installing optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules.

• Wall Mounting Instructio ns (Bay Networks part number 304602-A) Describes ho w to mount up to two BaySt ack 350 or BayStack 45 0 switches on

any wall that can safely support the weight of the switches, including any attached cables.

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from the Internet. Go to support.baynetworks.com/library/tpubs/. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your har dwar e or sof twa re pro duct. Usi ng Ad obe Acrob at Reade r, you can open the manuals and rel ease notes, search for the section s you need, and print them on most standard printers. You can download Acrobat Reader free from the Adobe Systems Web site, www.adobe.com.

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You can purchase selected documentation sets, CDs, and technical publications through the collateral catalog. The catalog is located on the World Wide Web at

support.baynetworks.com/catalog.html and is divided into sections arranged

alphabetically:

• The “CD ROMs” section lists available CDs.

• The “Guides/Books” section lists books on technical topics.

• The “Technical Manuals” section lists available printed documentation sets.

How to Get Help

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel Networks product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller for assistance.

Preface

If you purchased a Nortel Netw orks s ervic e progr am, cont act on e of t he fol lo w ing Nortel Networks Technical Solutions Centers:

Technical Solutions Center Telephone Number

Billerica, MA 800-2LANWAN (800-252-6926) Santa Clara, CA 800-2LANWAN (800-252-6926) Valbonne, France 33-4-92-96-69-68 Sydney, Australia 61-2-9927-8800 Tokyo, Japan 81-3-5402-7041

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

This chapter intr oduces the BayStack 450 switch and covers the following topics:

• Physical description

Chapter 1

• Summary of features

• Network configuration examples

• Overview of ma in features

Physical Description

There are three versions of the BayStack 450 switch: the BayStack 450-24T switch, the BayStack 450-12T switch, and the BayStack 450-12F switch (Figure 1-1

BayStack 450-24T

BayStack 450-12T

BayStack 450-12F

Figure 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch Versions

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BS45001B

1-1

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Front Panel

Figure 1-2 shows the fro nt-panel conf igurat ions f or the three Bay Stack 450 switch

models. Descriptions o f the front-panel components follow the figures. For a description of the components located on the back panel of the BaySta ck

450 switch, see “Back Panel

” on page 1-8.

Comm Port

Uplink/Expansion Module

Comm Port

Uplink/Expansion Module

Comm Port

2826 2725

5713 9

682 4 10 12

17 1913 15 21

18 2014 16 22 24

Cas

Pwr Up

Dwn

Status RPSUBase

10/100 Activity 10/100 Activity

BayStack 450-24T

13 1514

3 4

5713 9

682 4 10 12

Cas

Pwr

Dwn

Status RPSU

Base

10/100 Activity 10/100 Activity

BayStack 450-12T

Uplink/Expansion Module

= Comm Port

= Uplink/Expansion slot

= Port connectors

= LED display panel

1614 1513

Figure 1 -2. BayStack 450 Switch Front Panels

1-2

5713 96824 10 1211

BayStack 450-12F

Pwr Up Status RPSUBase

Cas

Dwn

Link F Dx Activity

BS45002B

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Comm Port

The Comm Port (also referred to as the Console/Comm Port) allows you to access the console interface (CI) screens and customize your network using the supplied menus and screens (see Chapter 3, “Using the Console Interface”).

The Console/Comm Port is a DB-9, RS-2 32-D male serial port connector. You can use this connector to connect a management station or console/terminal to the switch by using a straight-through DB-9 to DB-9 standard serial port cable (see “Console/Comm Port” on page 2-10).

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Note:

The Console/Comm Port is configured as a data communications equipment (DCE) connector. Ensure that your RS-232 cable pinouts are configured for DCE connections (see “DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/ Comm Port Connector” on page E-5).

The console port default settings are: 9600 baud with eight data bits, one stop bit, and no parity as the communications format, with flow control set to disabled.

Uplink/Expansion Slot

The Uplink/Expansion slot allows you to attach optional media dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types (see Appendix C, “Media Dependent Adapters” f or more information about MDA types available from Nortel Networks).

Port Connectors

10BASE-T/1 00BASE-TX Ports

The BayStack 450-24T switch and the BayStack 450-12T switch use 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX RJ-45 (8-pin modular) port connectors.

Note:

The RJ-45 port connectors on BayStack 450 switches manufactured prior to December 1998 are numbered 1 to 12 and 13 to 24, in succession fr om left to right. Later units use port conn ectors t hat ar e conf igure d with o ne or tw o dual, six-port groups, numbered 1 to 12 and 13 to 24. The top rows are odd numbered and the bottom rows are even numbered (see Figure 1-2

page 1-2

). Port-specific examples in this guide show the appropriate port

connections when required; other examples apply to both versions.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX port connectors are configured as M DI-X (media-dependen t interface- crossov er). These ports conne ct ove r straight cables to the network interface controller (NIC) card in a node or server, similar to a conventional Ethernet repeater hub. If you are connecting to an Ethernet hub or Ethernet switch, you need a crossover cable unless an MDI connection exists on the associated port of the attached device (see “MDI and MDI-X Devices” on page E-2).

The BayStack 450-24T switch and the BayStack 450-12T switch use autosensing ports that are designed to operate at 10 Mb/s or at 100 Mb/s, depending on the connecting de vice. Th ese ports support t he IEEE 802.3u a utone gotiati on standar d, which means that when a port is co nnected t o anoth er de vice t hat a lso suppor ts the IEEE 802.3u standard, the two devices negotiate the best speed and duplex mode.

The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX switch ports also support half- and full-duplex mode operation (see “Connecting the 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ports” on page 2-8).

The 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX RJ-45 ports can connect to 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s Ethernet segments or nodes.

Note: Use only Category 5 copper unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable

connections when connecting 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports.

See Appendix E, “Connectors and Pin Assignments” for more information about the RJ-45 port connectors.

100BASE-FX MT-RJ Ports

The BayStack 450-12F switch uses longwave 1300 nanometer (nm) MT-RJ port connectors to atta ch devices over 62.5/125 or 50/125 micron multimode fiber optic cable.

The BayStack 450-12F switch conforms to the IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-FX standard and can be used for fiber-based 100 Mb/s connections (2 km/6562 ft maximum distance) to other compatible Fast Ethernet devices. Single-mode fiber cable is not supported.

1-4

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LED Display Panel

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Figure 1-3

panels. Figure 1-4

shows the BayStack 450-24T and BayStack 450-12T LED display

shows the BayStack 450-12F LED displ ay panel. See Table 1-1

for a description of the LEDs.

BayStack

Cas

Pwr Up

Dwn

Status

RPSUBase

450-24T Switch

153

2642220 241814 1612810

BayStack 450-24T

1713 151179

2119 23

10/100 Activity 10/100 Activity

BayStack

Cas

Pwr

Dwn

Status

RPSU

Base

450-12T Switch

153 1179

26412810

10/100 Activity 10/100 Activity

BayStack 450-12T

= Dual color LED

BS45003A

Figure 1-3. BayStack 450-24T/12T LED Display Panel

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

BayStack

Cas

Pwr Up

Dwn

Status

RPSUBase

= Dual color LED

450-12F Switch

153

BayStack 450-12F

Figure 1-4. BayStack 450-12F LED Display Panel

Table 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch LED Descriptions

Label Type Color State Meaning

117926412810

Link F Dx Activity

BS45071A

Pwr Power status Green On DC power is available to the switch’s internal circuitry.

Off No AC power to switch or power supply failed.

Status System status Green On Self-test passed successfully and switch is operational.

Blinking A nonfatal error occurred during the self-test. Off The switch failed the self-test.

RPSU RPSU status Green On The switch is connected to the HRPSU and can receive

power if needed.

Off The switch is not connected to the HRPSU or HRPSU is

not supplying power.

CAS Up Stack mode Off The switch is in standalone mode.

Green On The switch is connected to the

upstream

unit’s Cascade A

In connector.

Amber On The Cascade A Out connector (CAS Up) for this switch is

looped internally (wrapped to the secondary ring).

(continued)

1-6

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Table 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch LED Descriptions

Label Type Color State Meaning

Amber or Green

CAS Dwn Stack mode Off The switch is in standalone mode.

Green On The switch is connected to the

Amber On The Cascade A In connector (CAS Dwn) f or th is switch is

Amber or Green

Base Base mode Green On The switch is configured as the stack base unit.

Amber On This unit is operating as the stack configuration’s

Blinking Incompatible software revision or unable to obtain a unit

ID (Renumber Stack Unit table full). The unit is on the ring but cannot participate in the stack configuration.

Cascade A Out connector.

looped internally (wrapped to the secondary ring).

Blinking Incompatible software revision or unable to obtain a unit

ID (Renumber Stack Unit table full). The unit is on the ring but cannot participate in the stack configuration.

Off The switch is

in standalone mode).

Blinking Stack configuration error: indicates that

units or

temporary base unit

if the base unit (directly downstream from this unit) fails.

(continued)

downstream

configured as the stack base unit (or is

not

multiple

base units are configured in the stack.

. This condition occurs automatically

unit’s

base

302401-D Rev 00

If this happens, the following events take place:

• The two units directly upstream and directly downstream from the failed unit automatically wrap their cascade connectors and indicate this condition by lighting their Cas Up and Cas Dwn LEDs (see Cas Up and Cas Dw n description in this table).

• If the temporary base unit fails, the next unit directly downstream from this unit becomes the new temporary base unit. This process can continue until there are only two units left in the stack configuration.

This automatic failover is a temporary safeguard only. If the stack configuration loses power, the temporary base unit will not power up as the base unit when power is restored. For this reason, you should always assign the temporary base unit as the base unit (set the Unit Select switch to Ba se ) u nti l t he failed unit is repaired o r re pla ce d.

(continued)

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Table 1-1. BayStack 450 Switch LED Descriptions

Label Type Color State Meaning

10/100 10/100 Mb/s

port speed indicator

Link Link status Green On BayStack 450-12F model only: valid communications link

F Dx Duplex status Green On BayStack 450-12F model only: the corresponding port is

Green On The corresponding port is set to operate at 1 00 M b/s an d

the link is good.

Green Blinking The corresponding port has been disabled by software. Amber On The corresponding port is set to operate at 10 Mb/s and

the link is good.

Amber Blinking The corresponding port has been disabled by software.

Off The link connection is bad or there is no connection to

this port.

established.

Off The communications l in k co nne ction is bad or there is no

connection to this port.

Blinking The corresponding port is management disabled.

in full-duplex mode.

(continued)

Activity Port activity Green

Amber

Back Panel

The BayStack 450 switch back -panel component s (Figure 1-5) are the same for all switch versions.

Descriptions of the back-panel components follow the figure.

Off The corresponding port is in half-duplex mode Blinking Indicates network activity for the corresponding port. A

high level of network activity can cause the LEDs to appear to be on continuously.

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

= AC power receptacle

= RPSU connector

= Cascade Module Slot

Figure 1-5. BayStack 450 Switch Back Panel

AC Power Receptacle

The AC power receptacle accepts the AC power cord (supplied). For installati on outside of North Ameri ca, mak e sure that you ha ve t he proper p owe r cord for your region. Any cord used must have a CEE-22 standard V female connector on one end and must meet the IEC 320-030 specifications. Table 1-2 for international power cords:

100-240V 47-63Hz~

Redundant Power

Cascade Module

BS45004A

lists specifi cations

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Table 1-2. International Power Cord Specifications

Country/Plug description Specifications Typical plug

Continental Europe:

• CEE7 standard VII male plug

• Harmonized cord (HAR marking on t he outside of the cord ja cket to comply with the CENELEC Harmonized Document HD-21)

220 or 230 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

(continued)

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Table 1-2. International Power Cord Specifications

Country/Plug description Specifications Typical plug

U.S./Canada/Japan:

• NEMA5-15P male plug

• UL recognized (UL stamped on cord jacket)

• CSA certified (CSA label secured to the cord)

United Kingdom:

• BS1363 male plug with fuse

• Harmonized cord

Australia:

• AS3112-1981 Male plug

100 or 120 VAC 50–60 Hz Single phase

227FA

240 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

229FA

240 VAC 50 Hz Single phase

230FA

1-10

RPSU Connector

The RPSU connector allows you to connect a backup power supply unit to the switch. Nortel Networks provides an (optional) high-power redundant power supply unit (HRPSU) for this purpose. The HRPSU is a hot-swappable power supply unit that provides uninterrupted operation to up to four BayStack 450 switches in the event that any of the switch power supplies fail.

Nortel Networks provides the HRPSU power rack (Order No. AA0002001) with four slots for power supply modules (Order No. AA0005003). Each HRPSU can support up to four BayStack 450 switches. Installation instructions are provided with the HRPSU.

Contact your Norte l Netw or ks sal es re pre senta tive for more informatio n ab out th e HRPSU.

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Cascade Module Slot

The Cascade Module slot allows you to attach an optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module to the switch (see “

You can connect up to eight BayStack 450 switches into a redundant stack configu ration. Bay Stack 450 s witches use a f ail-sa fe cascad e stac king arch itectur e which, in the unlikely event of a switch failure, ma intains the in tegrity of the remaining stack: all signals are looped back at the point of failure. Because each unit in the stack has a full copy of the stack configuration, operation of the stack continues without affecting application connectivity.

Any mix of up to eight BayStack 450 switches and BayStack 410-24T switches can be stacked to provide a total of 224 ports (when all MDA sl ots are configur ed with the maximum port availability).

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Stack Operation” on page 1-23).

Features

Installation instructions are provided with each BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module (see Installing the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade M odule).

See your Nortel Networks sales representative for ordering information.

Cooling Fans

The variable-speed cooling fans (not shown) are located on one side of the BayStack 450 switch to provide cooling for the internal components. When you install the switch, be sure to allow enough space on both sides of the switch for adequate air flow.

BayStack 450 switches provide wire-speed switching that allows high-performance, low-cost connections to full -duplex and half-duplex 10/100/1000 Mb/s Ethernet local area networks (LANs).

BayStack 450 switches offer the following features:

• High-speed forwarding rate: up to 3 million packets per second (peak)

• Store-and-forward switch: Full-performa nce forwardin g at full line speed, using a 2.56 Gigabit/second switch fabric

• Learning rate: 3 million addresses per second (peak)

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• Address database size: 16,000 entries at line rate (32,000 entries without flooding)

• Fail-Safe Stacking: provides uninterrupted connectivity for up to eight units, with up to 224 ports stacked together as one managed unit (requires one optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module kit per stacked unit. See your Nortel Networks sales represent ative for ordering i nformation).

• Spanning Tree Protocol (STP): complies with IEEE 802.1D standard. STP can be disabled on the entire switch or stack, or on a per-port basis.

• SNMP agent support for the following managem ent information bases (MIBs):

-- Bridge MIB (RFC 1493)

-- Ethernet MIB (RFC 1643)

-- RMON MIB (RFC 1757)

-- MIB-II (RFC 1213)

-- Interface MIB (RFC 1573)

-- Nortel Networks proprietary MIBs:

- s5Chas MIB

- s5Agent MIB

- Rapid City MIB

• High-speed uplink/expansion slot: allows you to attach optional media

dependent adapters (MDAs) that support a range of media types.

• Rate limiting: Adjustable broadcast or IP Multicast pa cket-rate limits for

control of broadcast and IP Multicast storms

• Console/Comm port: Allows you to configure and manage the switch locally

or remotely.

• IEEE 802.1Q port-based virtual LANs (VLANs)

• IGMP snooping

• IEEE 802.1p prioritizing

• Upgradeable device firmware in nonvolatile flash memory using the Trivial

File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

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• TELNET:

-- Support for up to four simultaneous TELNET sessions

-- Optional password protection

-- Login time-out

-- Failed-login guard

-- Inactivity time-out

-- Allowed source addresses

-- Event logging

• IEEE 802.3u-compliant autonegotiation ports, with four modes:

-- 10BASE-T half-duplex

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

-- 10BASE-T full-duplex

-- 100BA SE-TX half-duplex

-- 100BA SE-TX full-duplex

• Front-panel light emitting diodes (LEDs) to monitor the following:

-- Power status

-- System status

-- Stack status for the following:

- Cascade Up and Cascade Down status

- Base unit status

-- RPSU status

-- Per-port status for the following:

- 1000 Mb/s link

- 100 Mb/s link

- 10 Mb/s link

- Half- and f ull-duplex tran smission

- Tx/Rx activity

- Management enable/disable

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• MultiLink Trunking, supporting:

-- Switch-t o-switch tru nks

-- Switch-t o-server trunks

• Port mirroring (conversation steering)

-- Port-based

-- MAC address-based

• Configuration file download/upload support: allows you to store your switch/ stack configuration parameters on a TFTP server.

• Remote monitoring (RMON), with four groups integrated:

-- Statistics

-- History

-- Alarms

-- Events

IEEE 802.1p Prioritizing

The BayStack 450 swi tc h can prioritize the order in whic h packets are forwarded, on a per-port basis.

For more information about the 802.1p prioritizing feature, see “

Prioritizing” on page 1-53.

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs

BayStack 450 switches support up to 64 port-based VLANs with IEEE 802.1Q tagging available per port. When a switch port is configured to be a member of a VLAN, it is added to a group of ports (workgroup) that belong to one broadcast domain. You can assign different ports (and t heref ore the devices attached to t hese ports) to different broadcast domains. This feature allows network flexibility because you can reassign VLANs to accommodat e network mov es, additions , and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling. For more information about 802.1Q VLANs, see “

IEEE 802.1p

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups” on page 1-32.

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IGMP Snooping Feature

For conserving bandwidth and controlling IP Multicast, the IGMP snooping feature can provide the same benefit as IP Multicast routers, but in the local area.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

For more inf ormation about th e IGMP snooping feature, see “

page 1-48

Flash Memory Storage

Storage of Switch Software Image

The BayStack 450 switch uses flash memory to store the switch software image. The flash memory allows you to update the software image with a newer version without changing the switch hardware (see “Software Download” on page 3-78). An in-band connection between the switch and the TFTP load host is required to download the software image.

If a BootP server is set up properly on the network and the BayStack 450 switch detects a corrupted software image during the self-test, the switch automatically uses TFTP to download a new so ftware image.

Storage of Configuration Parameters

Certain configuration parameters, including the system characteristics strings, some VLAN pa rameters, IGMP c onfiguration parame ters, and the MultiLink Trunk names are stored in flash memory. These parameters are updated every 10 minutes or whenever a reset command is executed.

IGMP Snooping” on

Note:

Do not power off the switch within 10 minutes of changing any configuration parameters. Powering down the switch within 10 minutes of changing configuration parameters can cause the changed configuration parameters to be lost.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

MultiLink Trunking

The MultiLink Trunking feature allows you to group multiple ports (up to four) together when forming a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate thr oughput of the interconnection between two devices, up to 800 Mb/ s in full-duplex mode. BayStack 450 switches can be configured with up to six MultiLink Trunks. The trunk members can be configured within a single unit in the stack or distributed between any of the units within the stack configuration (distributed trunking).

For more information about the MultiLink Trunking feature, see “MultiLink

Trunks” on page 1-57.

Port Mirroring

The port mirroring fea ture (sometim es referred to as con ver satio n ste ering) allows you to designate a single switch port as a traffic monitor for up to two specified ports or two media access control (MAC) addresses. You can specify port-based monitoring, where all traffic on specified ports is monitored, or address-based monitoring, where traffic between specified MAC addresses is monitored. You can attach a probe de vice (such as a Nor tel Network s StackProbe, or equ iv alent) to the designated monitor port.

For more information about the port mirroring feature, see “Port Mi rroring

(Conversation Steering)” on page 1-76.

Autosensing and Autonegotiation

BayStack 450 switches are autosensing and autonegotiating devices:

• The term autosense refers to a port’s ability to sense the speed of an attached

device.

• The term autonegoti ation refers to a standard ize d protoco l (IEEE 802 .3u) t hat

exists between two IEEE 802.3u-capable devices. Autonegotiation allows the BayStack 450 switch to select the best of both speed and duplex modes.

Autosensing is used when the attached de vic e i s not capable of autonegotiation or is using a form of autonegotiation that is not compatible with the IEEE 802.3u autonegotiation standard. In this case, because it is not possible to sense the duplex mode of the attached device, the BayStack 450 switch reverts to half-duplex mode.

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When autonegotiation-capable devices are attached to the BayStack 450 switch, the switch ports negotiate down from 100 Mb/s speed and full-duplex mode until the attached device acknowledges a supported speed and duplex mode.

For more information about autose nsing and autonegotiation modes, see “Autonegotiation Modes” on page 4-8.

BootP Automatic IP Configuration/MAC Address

The BayStack 450 switc h has a unique 48-bit hardware address, or MAC address, that is printed on a label on the back panel. You use this MAC address when you configure the network BootP server to recognize the BayStack 450 switch BootP requests. A properly configured BootP server enables the switch to automatically learn its assigned I P address, su bnet mask, IP ad dress o f the defau lt route r (def ault gateway), and software image file name.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

When the switch is participating in a stack configuration, a Stack MAC address is automatically assigned during the stack initialization. The base unit’s MAC address, with a software offset, is used for the Stack MAC address.

For example, if the base unit’s MAC address is:

00-00-82-99-44-00

and the Stack software offset is:

then the Stack MAC address becomes:

00-00-82-99-44-1F

If another unit in the stack is assigned as the base unit, the MAC address of the new base unit (with offset) now applies to the stack configuration. The original stack IP address st ill applies to the new base unit.

For an example of a BootP configuration file, see Appendix G, “Sample BootP Configurat ion Fil e.”

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

SNMP MIB Support

The BayStack 450 switch supports an SNMP agent with industry standard MIBs, as well as private MIB extensions, which ensures compatibility with existing network management tools. The BayStack 450 switch supports the MIB-II (RFC 1213), Bridge MIB (RFC 1493), and the RMON MIB (RFC 1757), which provide access to detailed management statistics. With SNMP management, you can configure SNMP traps (on individual ports) to generate automatically for conditions such as an unauthori zed access attempt or chan ges in a por t’s operating status. For a complete listing of supported MIBs, see “

Configuration and Switch Management

The BayStack 450 switch is shipped directly from the factory ready to operate in any 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX standard network. You can manage the switch using the Nortel Networks Optivity generic SNMP-based network management software; however, you must assign an IP address to the switc h or stac k, dependi ng on the mode of operati on. You can set both addresses by using the Console/Comm Port or BootP, which resides on the switch.

Features” on page 1-11.

network management software or any

For more information about using the Console/Comm Port to configure the switch, see Chapter 3, “Using the Console Interface.”

Network Configuration

You can use BayStack 450 switches to connect workstations, personal computers (PCs), and ser vers to ea ch other by c onnecti ng these de vices d irectly to t he switch , through a share d media hub t hat is conn ected to t he swit ch, or b y creat ing a virt ual LAN (VLAN) through the switch.

This section provides four network configuration examples using BayStack 450 switches:

• Desktop switch application

• Segment switch application

• High-density switched workgroup application

• Fail-safe stack applic ation

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Note:

All models of the BayStack 450 switch can be used interchangeably in the following network configuration examples.

Desktop Switch Application

Figure 1-6 shows a BayStack 450-24T switch used as a desktop switch, where

desktop workstations are connected directly to switch ports. This configuration provides dedicated 100 Mb/s connections to the network

center, to the server, and up to 26 users. This configuration uses the optional 400-4TX MDA (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX MDA).

Before After

10BASE-T hub

BayStack 450-24T switch

Server Up to 22 users

Network

Center

Key

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 200 Mb/s

- 22 users share 10 Mb/s (10/22 Mb/s per user)

- Server bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

Network

Center

- 26 users; each with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Server with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Network center with dedicated 100 Mb/s full-duplex bandwith (200 mb/s bidirectional)

Server Up to 26 users

Figure 1-6. BayStack 450 Switch Used as a Desktop Switch

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Segment Switch Application

Figure 1-7 shows a BayStack 450-24T switch used as a segment switch to

alleviat e user contention for bandwidth and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. Befo re segmentation, 88 users had a total bandwidth of only 10 Mb /s available. After segmentation, 92 users have 40 Mb/s, four times the previous bandwidth, while adding 22 dedicated 100 Mb/s connections. This configuration can be extended to add more segments without degrading performance.

Key

Server

Network

Center

Before

10BASE-T hubs

Up to

88 users

BayStack 450-24T switch

Network

Center

After

Server

Up to 22

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

Up to 23

users

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 200 Mb/s

- 88 users share 10 Mb/s (10/88 Mb/s per user)

- Server bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

- Network center bottleneck (10 Mb/s bandwidth)

-Total of 88 users

Figure 1-7. BayStack 450 Switch Used as a Segment Switch

1-20

- Four sets of 23 users; each set shares 10 Mb/s (10/23 Mb/s per user)

- Addition of 22 users; each with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Server with dedicated 100 Mb/s bandwidth

- Network center with dedicated 100 Mb/s full-duplex bandwidth (200 Mb/s bidirectional)

- Total of 114 users

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High-Density Switched Workgroup Application

Figure 1-8 shows an example of using a BayStack 450 switch with a high-speed

(gigabit) connection to a Nortel Networks Accelar and 304 switches are also shown in this example of a high-density switched workgroup.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

™

1100 switch. BayStack 303

As shown in Figure 1-8 connecting to the BayStack 450 switch with an optional gigabit (1000BASE-SX) MDA for maximum bandwidth. The BayStack 303 and 304 switches have 100 Mb/s connections to the BayStack 450 switch, a 100BASE-TX hub, and a 100 Mb/s server and 10 Mb/s connections to DTE (data terminal equipment).

See the Nortel Networks library Web page: support.baynetworks.com/library/ for online documentation about the Nortel Networks Accelar 1100 switch and the BayStack 303 and 304 switches.

BayStack 450-24T

switch

, the Accelar 1100 switch is used as a backbone switch,

BayStack 303 switch

CPUPS1 PS2FAN

Accelar 1100 switch

Key

Server

10 Mb/s 100 Mb/s 1000 Mb/s

(Gigabit)

Figure 1-8. Configuring Power Workgroups and a Shared Media Hub

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100BASE-TX hub

BayStack 304 switch

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Fail-Safe Stack Application

Figure 1-9 shows an example of eight BayStack 450 switches that are stacked

together as a single managed unit. If any single unit in the stack fails, the remaining stack remains operational, without interruption.

CPUPS1 PS2FAN

Accelar switch

As shown in Figure 1-9

, the Accelar 1100 switch is used as a backbone switch, connecting to the BayStack 450 switch with an optional gigabit (1000BASE-SX) MDA for maximum bandwidth. This configuration uses optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Modules to connect the switches in the fail-safe stack.

For an overview of the fail-safe stacking feature that is available for the BayStack 450 switches, see “

Stack Operation” following this section.

BayStack 450-24T switches

Up to 24 users

Up to 28 users

Key

100 Mb/s 1000 Mb/s

Figure 1-9. Fail-Safe Stack Example

1-22

Up to 28 users

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Stack Operation

BayStack 450 switches that are configured with BayStack 450 software version V1.1.0 or later provide fail-safe stackabilit y when you install the optional BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module. You can connect up to eight switches to provide uninterrupted connectivity for up to 224 ports (see “

Application” on page 1-22). The entire stack is manageable as a single unit.

Installation i nstruction s are pro vided wit h the BaySta ck 400-ST1 Casc ade Module (see your Nortel Networks sales representa tive for ordering in formation).

BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Fail-Safe Stack

Note:

The BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module will not operate with BayStack 450 switches that are configured with BayStack 450 software versions earlier than version V1.1.0.

If you need to upgrade your BayStack 450 switches, refer to the upgrade instructions provided in the Installing the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module guide. You must upgrade the switch before installing the B ayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module. The front-panel components of the BayStack 400-ST1 Cascade Module are shown in Figure 1-10

Cascade A Out

Unit Select

Base

.Component descriptions follow the figure.

Cascade A In

1 = Blank connectors (unused) 2 = Cascade A Out connector 3 = Unit Select switch 4 = Cascade A In connector

Figure 1-10. BayStack 400-ST1 Front-Panel Components

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Cascade A Out Connector

Provides an attachment point for connecting this unit to another unit via the cascade cable. A return cable from another unit’ s Cascade A Out connector to th is unit’s Cascade A In connector completes the stack connection (see the example shown in Figure 1-11

Unit Select Switch

The Unit Select switch (up = Base) de termines the base unit for the stack configuration (see “ displayed on t he BayStack 450 LED di splay pan el. Wh en the Unit Select switch is in the Base (up) position, all other Unit Select switches in the stack configuration must be set to Off (down).

Base Unit” on page 1-25). The Unit Select swit ch status is

Cascade A In Connector

Provides an attachment point for accepting a cascade cable connection from an adjacent uni t in t he stac k. A return cable from this unit’s Cascade A Out conn ector to the adjac ent u n it ’s Cascade A In con n ec tor completes the stack connection (see

Cascade A Out

Cascade A In

Cascade A InUnit Select

the example shown in Figure 1-11

Cascade A Out

Unit 1

Unit 2

1 = Base unit 2 = 303978-A cascade cable 3 = 303978-A cascade cable (used for return)

Figure 1-11. Connecting Cascade Cables

1-24

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Base Unit

Note:

For stacking t hr ee o r mor e units (maximum 8 units per stack), order the optional 1 meter (39.27 inch) cascade max-return cable (Bay Networks Order No. AL2018001).

The base unit is the unique stack unit that you configure with the Unit Select switch on the front panel of the 400-ST1 cascade module. One unit in the stack must be configured as the base unit; all other units in the stack must have their Unit Select switch set to Off (see “

Unit Select Switch” on page 1-24). You can

assign any single unit in the stack as the base unit.

Note:

Although you can assign any single unit in the stack as the base unit, when mixing supported BaySta ck switch models in a single stack, Nortel Networks recommends that you select the unit with the highest bandwidth to be the base unit. The additional workload of the base unit is optimized by using the higher bandwidth switch model.

The physical ordering of all of the other units in the stack is determined by the position of the base unit within the stack. This is important for management applications that view the physical ordering of the units within the stack.

302401-D Rev 00

Some characteristics of the base unit are described in the following sections.

Initial Insta l la ti o n

During the initial installat ion of the stack, the softwar e automatically determines the physical order of al l units i n the stac k accord ing to the position of the base unit within the stack. Thereafter, the individual units maintain their original unit numbering, even if you change the position of one or more units in the stack (you can renumber the units using the Renumber Stack Units screen; see “Renumber Stack Units” on page 3-65).

For example, when you initially power up the stack, the base unit becomes unit 1 and the unit that the base unit connects to (via the Cascade A Out cable) becomes unit 2 (and the next unit is unit 3 and so on), until the maximum stack configu ratio n (up to 8 u nit s) i s rea ched. I f you cha nge t he bas e un it t o anot her un it in the stack, the new base unit keeps its original unit number in the stack.

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Stack MAC Address

The Stack MAC address is automatically assigned during the stack initiali zation. The base unit’s MAC address, with a software offset, is used for the Stack MAC address.

For example, if the base unit’s MAC address is: 00-00-82-99-44-00 and the Stack software offset is: 1F then the Stack MAC address becomes: 00-00-82-99-44-1F If you designate a not her uni t in t he st ack as t he base unit, the MAC address of the

new base unit (with offset) now applies to the stack configuration. The original stack IP address st ill applies to the new base unit.

Temporary Base Unit

If an assigned base unit fails, the next unit in the stack order automatically becomes the new temporary base unit. This change is indicated by the Base LED on the temporary base unit’s LED display panel turning on (amber). For detailed information about the base LED, see Table 1-1

on page 1-6.

Note:

If you do not reass ign the te mp ora ry b ase unit as the new base unit, and the temporary base unit fails, the next unit directly downstream from this unit becomes the new temporary base unit. This process ca n continue until there are only two units left in the stack configuration.

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Removing a Unit from the Stack

If a unit is removed from the stack (therefore operating in standalone mode), the following switch configuration setti ngs revert back to the settings configured before the unit became a member of the stack:

•IP address

• Console password

• TELNET password

• SNMP community strings

Stack Configurations

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

As shown in Figure 1-12, the cascade connectors an d c abl es on the 400-ST1 front panel provide the ability to stack up to eight BayStack switches. With 400-4TX MDAs installed in each switch, the stack can accommodate a maximum of 224 switch ports.

Because stack parameters are associat ed with the base unit (see “

page 1-25

), the physical stack order depends on the base unit’s position and

Base Unit” on

whether the stack is configured stack up or stack down.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Stack Up Configurations

In Figure 1-12

, data flows from the base u nit (unit 1) to the next switch, which is assigned as unit 2, and continues until the last switch in the stack is assigned as unit 8. The physical order of the switches is from bottom to top (unit 1 to unit 8).

Unit 8

Unit 7

Unit 6

Unit 5

Unit 4

Unit 3

Unit 2

Unit 1

BS0033B

1 = Last unit 2 = Base unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

Figure 1-12. Stack Up Configuration Example

Stack Down Configurations

In Figure 1-13

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

1 = Base unit 2 = Last unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

BS0034B

Figure 1-13. Stack Down Configuration Example

Certain network management station (NMS) applications assume a stack-down configuration for the graphical user interface (GUI) that represents the stack (see

Figure 1-13

). For this reason, Nortel Networks recommends that you alway s

configure the top unit in the stack as the base unit. In any stack configuration, the following applies:

• When you apply power to the stack, the base unit initializes and the entire

stack powers up as a single logical unit within 30 seconds.

• You can attach an RS-232 communications cable to the Console/Comm port

of any switch in the stack.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• You can downline upgrade the entire stack from any switch in the stack.

• You can access and manage the stack using a TELNET connection or any

generic SNMP management tool through any switch port that is part of the stack configuration.

• When stacking three or more switches, use the longer (1-meter) cascade

max-return cable (PN 30 3979-A) t o complete th e link f rom the la st unit in the stack to the base unit.

Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature

BayStack 450 switches allow you to connect up to 8 units into a redundant cascade stack. If an y s ingle unit fail s or if a cabl e is acci dently dis connect ed, other units in the stack remain operational, without interruption.

Figure 1-14

shows an example of how a stack configuration reacts to a failed or

powered-down unit in the stack configuration:

As shown in Figure 1-14, unit 3 becomes nonoperational. This can be the result of a fa iled uni t, or simply becau se the unit wa s po wered

down.

Unit 2 and unit 4, directly upstream and downstream from unit 3, sense the loss of link signals from unit 3.

Units 2 and 4 automatically loop their internal stack signals (A and B).

The Cas Up LED for unit 2 and the Cas Dwn LED for unit 4 turn on (amber) to indicate that the stack signals are looped.

The remaining stack units remain connected.

Although the example shown in Figure 1-14

shows a failed unit causing the stack to loop signals at the points of fa ilure (A and B) , the system rea cts the same w ay if a cable is removed.

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Cascade A Out

Cascade A In

1 = Base unit 2 = Last unit 3 = Cascade cable (PN 303978-A) 4 = Cascade max-return cable (PN 303979-A)

Figure 1-14. Redundant Cascade Stacking Feature

BS0035B

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups

BayStack 450 switches support up to 64 port-based VLANs with 802.1Q tagging available per port. Ports are grouped into broadcast domains by assigning them to the same VLAN. Frames received in one VLAN can only be forwarded within that VLAN, and IP Multicast frames and unknown unicast frames are flooded only to ports in the same VLAN.

Setting up virtual LANs (VLANs) is a way to segment networks to increase network capacity and performance without changing the physical network topology (Figure 1-15 a segment that is a single broadcast domain. When a switch port is configured to be a member of a VLAN, it is added to a group of ports (workgroup) that belong to one broadcast domain.

). With network segmentation, each switch port connects to

The BayStack 450 switch allows you to assign ports to VLANs using the console or TELNET ; VLAN assign ment is not current ly a v ailable through SNMP. You can assign different ports (and therefore the devices attached to these ports) to different broadcast domains. This feature allows network flexibility because you can reassign VLANs to accommodate network moves, additions, and changes, eliminating the need to change physical cabling.

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

BayStack 450-24T

switch

Figure 1-15. Port-Based VLAN Example

1-32

BS45009A

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IEEE 802.1Q Tagging

BayStack 450 switches operate in accordance with the IEEE 802.1Q tagging rules. Important terms used with the 802.1Q tagging feature are:

• VLAN identifier (VID) -- the 12-bit porti on of the VLAN tag in the frame

header tha t identifies an explic it VLAN.

• Port VLAN identifier (PVID) -- a classification mechanism that associates a

port with a specific VLAN. For example, a port with a PVID of 3 (PVID =3) assigns all untagged frames received on this port to VLAN 3.

• T agged frame -- the 32-bit f ield (VLAN ta g) in the frame header that identif ies

the frame as belonging to a specific VLAN. Untagged frames are marked (tagged) with this classification as they leave the switch through a port that is configured as a tagged port.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

• Untagged frame -- a frame that does not carry any VLAN tagging

information in the frame header.

• VLAN port members -- a set of ports that form a broadcast domain for a

specific VLAN. A port can be a member of one or more VLANs.

• Untagged member -- a port that has been configured as an untagge d member

of a specific VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through an untagged member port, the frame header remains unchanged. When a tagged frame exits the switch through an untagged member port, the tag is stripped and the tagged frame is changed to an untagged frame.

• Tagged member -- a port that has been configured as a member of a specific

VLAN. When an untagged frame exits the switch through a tagged member port, the frame heade r is modif i ed t o incl ude t he 32- bit tag a ssoci ated with t he PVID. When a tagged frame exits the switch through a tagged member port, the frame header remains unchanged ( original VID remains).

• User_priority -- a three- bit field in the header of a tagged frame. The field is

interpreted as a bi nar y numbe r, therefore has a value of 0 -7. This field all ows the tagged frame to carry the user-priority across bridged LANs where the individual LAN segments may be unable to signal priority information.

• Por t priority -- the priority level assigned to untagged fr ames received on a

port. This value becomes the user_priorit y for the frame. Tagged packets get their user_priority from the value contained in the 802.1Q frame header.

• Unregistered packet -- a tagged frame which contains a VID where the

receiving port is not a member of that VLAN.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• Filtering database identifier (FID) -- the specific filtering/forwarding database

within the BayStack 450 switch that is assigned to each VLAN. The current version of software assigns all VLANs to the same FID. This is referred to as Shared VLAN Learning in the IEEE 802.1Q specification.

The default configuration settings for BayStack 450 switches have all ports set as untagged members of VLAN 1 with all ports configured as PVID = 1. Every VLAN is assigned a unique VLAN identifier (VID) which distinguishes it from all other VLANs. In the default configuration example shown in Figure 1-16 incoming packets are assigned to VLAN 1 by the default port VLAN identifier (PVID =1) . Untagged packets enter and leave the switch unchanged.

802.1Q Switch

, all

Port 1

PVID = 1

DA SA

Incoming

untagged

packet

Key

By default:

Data

CRC

All ports are assigned PVID = 1 All ports are untagged members of VLAN 1

Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 5

untagged packet

Outgoing

(unchanged)

VLAN 1

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

CRC

Data

SA DA

BS45010A

Figure 1-16. Default VLAN Settings

When configuring VLANs, you configure the switch ports as tagged or untagged members of specific VLANs (see Figure 1-17

1-34

through Figure 1-20).

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In Figure 1-17, untagged incoming packets are assigned directly to VLAN 2 (PVID = 2). Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2, and port 7 is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

PVID = 2

Untagged packet

DASADataCRC

Before

Port 1

Port 4

Port 6

Figure 1-17. 802.1Q Tagging (1 of 4)

As shown in Figure 1-18, the untagged packet is marked (tagged) as it leaves the switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2. The untagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the switch through port 7, which is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Port 1

Port 4

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 7 Port 8

Port 5

Tagged member of VLAN 2

Port 5

Untagged member of VLAN 2

BS45011A

Tagged member of VLAN 2

DASADataCRC* Tag

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

Untagged memeber

of VLAN 2

Outgoing

untagged packet

(unchanged)

CRC

Data

SA DA

Figure 1-18. 802.1Q Tagging (2 of 4)

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(*Recalculated)

Key

Priority CFI VID

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bits 12 bits

After

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

VID = 2Priority

BS45012A

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

In Figure 1-19, tagged incoming pack ets ar e assigne d directly t o VLAN 2 because of the tag assignment in the packet . Port 5 is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2, and port 7 is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Tagged packet

DASATagDataCRC

Before

Port 4

Figure 1-19. 802.1Q Tagging (3 of 4)

As shown in Figure 1-20, the tagged packet remains unchanged as it leaves the switch through port 5, which is configured as a tagged member of VLAN 2. However, the tagged packet is stripped (untagged) as it leaves the switch through port 7, which is configured as an untagged member of VLAN 2.

PVID = 2

Port 1

Port 2 Port 3

Port 1

Port 6

Port 2 Port 3

802.1Q Switch

Port 7 Port 8

Tagged member of VLAN 2

Port 5

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

BS45013A

Port 4

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

802.1Q Switch

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

SA DA

(*Recalculated)

Outgoing untagged packet changed (tag removed)

CRC*

Data

Figure 1-20. 802.1Q Tagging (4 of 4)

1-36

Port 5

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

Key

Priority CFI VID

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

DASADataCRC Tag

VID = 2Priority

After

BS45014A

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VLANs Spanning Multiple Switches

You can use VLANs to segment a network within a switch. When connecting multiple switches, it is possible to connect users of one VLAN with users of that same VLAN in another switch. However, the configuration guidelines depend on whether both switches support 802.1Q tagging.

Wit h 802.1Q tagging enabl ed on a port for a VLAN, all frame s leavi ng the port for that VLAN are marked as belonging to that specific VLAN. You can assign specific switch ports as members of one or more VLANs that span multiple switches, without interfering with the spanning tree protocol.

VLANS Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Figure 1-21

shows VLANs spanning two BayStack 450 switches. The 802.1Q tagging is enable d on S1, por t 2 and on S2, port 1 for VLAN 1 a nd VLAN 2. Both ports are tagged members of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2.

VLAN 1

Both ports are tagged members of VLAN 1 and VLAN 2

VLAN 2

BayStack 450-24T

Figure 1-21. VLANs Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Because there is only one link between the two switches , the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) treat s t his configuration as any other switch-to-switch connection. For this configuration to work properly, both switc hes must support the 802.1Q tagging protocol.

VLANS Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches

Figure 1-22

shows VLANs spanning multiple untagged switches. In this configuration switch S2 does not support 802.1Q tagging and you must use a single switch port on each switch for each VLAN.

For this configuration to work properly, you must set spanning tree participation to Disabled (the STP is not supported across multiple LANs).

VLAN 1

VLAN 2

BayStack 450-24T

Untagged portsUntagged ports

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

Figure 1-22. VLANs Spanning Multiple Untagged Switches

When the STP is enabled on these switches, only one link between each pair of switches will be fo rwarding traffic. Be ca use eac h port belongs to only one VLAN at a time, connectivity on the other VLAN is lost. Exercise care when configur ing the switches to ensure that the VLAN configuration does not conflict with spanning tree configuration.

1-38

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To connect multiple VLANs across switches with redundant links, you must disable the STP on all participating switch ports. Figure 1-23 consequences of enabling the STP when using VLANs between untagged (non-802.1Q tagged) switches.

Station A

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

shows possible

Non-802.1Q tagged switch

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

Communications

Station B

Forwarding

VLAN 1 VLAN 2

Blocking

Non-802.1Q tagged switch

BS45017A

Figure 1-23. Possible Problems with VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol

As shown in Figur e 1-23, with STP enabled, only one connection bet ween S1 and S2 is forwar ding a t an y t ime. Commun icati ons f ail ure o ccurs between VLAN 2 of S1 and VLAN 2 of S2, blocking communications between Stations A and B.

The STP selects the link connecting VLAN 1 on Switches S1 and S2 as the forwarding link based on port speed, duplex-mode, and port priority. Because the other link conn ecting VLAN 2 is in Block ing mode, sta tions on VLAN 2 in switch S1 cannot communicate with stations in VLAN 2 on switch S2. With multiple links only one link will be forwarding.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Shared Servers

BayStack 450 switches allow ports to exist in multiple VLANs for shared resources, such as servers, printers, and switch-to-switch connections. It is also possible to have resources exist in multiple VLANs on one switch as shown in

Figure 1-24

In this example, clients on different broadcast domains share resources. The broadcasts from ports configured in VLAN 3 can be seen by all VLAN port members of VLAN 3.

BayStack 450-12T switch

V2 V2 V1

Key

VLAN 1 (PVID=1) VLAN 2 (PVID=2) VLAN 3 (PVID=3)

V1V2

BS45018A

Figure 1-24. Multiple VLANs Sharing Resources

In the above configuration, all of the switch ports are set to participate as V LAN port members. This allows the switch to establish the appropriate broadcast domains within the switch (see Figure 1-25

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BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

VLAN 3

VLAN 2 VLAN 1

Port 2

PVID = 2 PVID = 3

V2 V2 V2 V1 V2

Key

VLAN 1 (PVID = 1) VLAN 2 (PVID = 2) VLAN 3 (PVID = 3)

Port 4 Port 10 Port 8

Port 11Port 6

PVID = 1

BS45019A

Figure 1-25. VLAN Broadcast Domains Within the Switch

For example, to create a broadcast domain for each VLAN shown in Figure 1-25, configure ea ch VLAN with a port member ship, and each port with the appropriate PVID/VLAN association:

• Ports 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of V LAN 1.

The PVID/VLAN association for ports 6 and 11 is: PVID = 1 .

• Ports 2, 4, 10, and 8 are untagged members of VLAN 2.

The PVID/VLAN association for ports 2, 4, and 10 is: PVID = 2.

• Ports 2, 4, 10, 8, 6, and 11 are untagged members of VLAN 3.

The PVID/VLAN association for port 8 is: PVID = 3.

The follow ing steps show how to use the VLAN configuration screens to configure the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 1-25

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

To configure the VLAN port membership for VLAN 1:

Select Switch Configuration from the BayStack 450-12T Main Menu (or press w).

From the Switch Configuration Menu, select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

From the VLAN Configuration Menu select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

The default VLAN Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-26

VLAN Configuration Create VLAN: [ 1 ]

Delete VLAN: [ ] VLAN Name: [ VLAN #1 ]

Port Membership 1-6 7-12

------ ----- Unit #1 UUUUUU UUUUUU

KEY: T = Tagged Port Member, U = Untagged Port Member, - = Not a Member of VLAN Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-26. Default VLAN Configuration Screen Example

The VLAN Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 1-26 are default settings with all switch ports classified as untagged members of VLAN 1.

Figure 1-27

shows the VLAN Configuration screen after it is configured to support the VLAN 3 broadcast domain shown in Figure 1-25 optional).

1-42

(VLAN Name is

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Ports 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 11 are now untagged members of VLAN 3 as shown in

Figure 1-25

VLAN Configuration Create VLAN: [ 3 ]

Delete VLAN: [ ] VLAN Name: [ Michele's VLAN ]

Port Membership 1-6 7-12

------ ----- Unit #1 -U-U-U -U-UU-

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

on page 1-41.

Figure 1-27. VLAN Configuration Screen Example

To configure the PVID (port VLAN identifier) for Port 8:

From the VLAN Configuration screen, press [Ctrl]-R to return to the VLAN Configuration Menu.

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Configuration (or press c).

The default VLAN Port Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-28

The VLAN Port Configuration screen settings shown in Figure 1-28

are default

settings.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

VLAN Port Configuration

Unit: [ 1 ] Port: [ 1 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ ] PVID: [ 1 ] Port Priority: [ 0 ] Tagging: [ Untagged Access ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-28. Default VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example

Figure 1-29 shows the VLAN Port Configuration screen after it is configured to

support the PVID assignment for port 8, as shown in Figure 1-25

(Port Name is

optional). The PVID/VLAN association for VLAN 3 is now PVID = 3.

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VLAN Port Configuration

Unit: [ 1 ] Port: [ 8 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ Student port ] PVID: [ 3 ] Port Priority: [ 0 ] Tagging: [Untagged Access]

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-29. VLAN Port Configuration Screen Example

VLAN Workgroup Summary

This section summariz es the VLAN workgroup examples discussed in the previous sec ti ons of this chapter.

As shown in Figure 1-30 multiple VLAN s:

• Ports 1, 6, 11, and 12 are in VLAN 1.

• Ports 2, 3, 4, 7, and 10 are in VLAN 2.

• Port 8 is in VLAN 3. Because S4 does not support 802.1Q tagging, a single switch port on each switch

must be used for each VLAN (see “VLANS Spanning Multiple Untagged

Switches” on page 1-38).

, switch S1 (a BayStack 450 switch) is configured with

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

The connection to S2 requires only one link betw een the switches because S1 and S2 are both BayStack 450 switches that support 802.1Q tagging (see “VLANS

Spanning Multiple 802.1Q Tagged Switches” on page 1-37).

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

Untagged ports

(STP disabled)

BayStack 450-24T

V2 V2 V1

Key

VLAN 1 (PVID=1) VLAN 2 (PVID=2) VLAN 3 (PVID=3)

BayStack 450-24T

Both ports are tagged

members of VLAN 1

and VLAN 2

Non-802.1Q tagging switch

BS45020A

Figure 1-30. VLAN Configuration Spanning Multiple Switches

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VLAN Configuration Rules

VLANs operate according to specif ic conf igu ration rule s. When creating VLANs , consider th e following rules that determine how the configured V LAN reacts in any network topology:

• All ports that are involved in port mirroring must have memberships in the

same VLANs. If a port is configured for port mirroring, the port’s VLAN membership cannot be changed.

• If a port is a trunk group member, all trunk members are added or deleted

from the VLAN.

• All ports involved in trunking and port mirroring must have the same VLAN

configuration. If a port is on a trunk with a mirroring port, the VLAN configuration cannot be changed.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

• VLANs are not dependent on Rate Limiting settings.

• If a port is an IGMP member on any VLAN, and is removed from a VLAN,

the port’s IGMP membership is also removed.

• If a port is added to a different VLAN, and it is already configured as a static

router port, the port is configured as an IGMP member on that specific VLAN.

For more information about configuring VLANs, see “VLAN Configuration Menu” on page 3-22.

See also Appendix D, “Quick Steps to Feature s,” for con figur ation flo w charts tha t can help you use this feature.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

IGMP Snooping

BayStack 450 switches can sense IGMP host membership reports from attached stations and use t his i nformat io n to s et up a dedi cated pat h bet ween the r equest ing station and a local IP Multicast ro uter. After the pathway is established, the BayStack 450 switch blocks the IP Multicast stream from exiting any other port that does not connect to another host member, thus conserving bandwidth. The following describes how BayStack 450 switches provide the same benefit as IP Multicast routers, but in the local area:

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is used by IP Multicast routers to learn about the e xiste nce of host group members on their di rectly attached subnets (see RFC 2236). The IP Multicast routers get this information by broadcasting IGMP queries and li stening for IP hosts reporting their host group memberships. This process is used to set up a client/server relationship between an IP Multicast source that provides the data streams and the clients that want to receive the data.

Figure 1-31

shows how IGMP is used to set up the path between the client and server. As shown in this example, the IGMP host provides an IP Multicast stream to designated routers which forward the IP Multicast stream on their local network only if there is a recipient.

The client/server path is set up as follows:

The designated router sends out a host membership query to the subnet and receives host membership reports from end stations on the subnet.

The designated routers then set up a path between the IP Multicast stream source and the end st ations.

Periodically, the router conti nues to quer y end statio ns on whether to con tinue participation.

As long as any client continues to participate, all clients, including nonparticipating end stations on that subnet, receive the IP Multicast stream.

Note:

Although the nonparticipating end stations can filter the IP Multicast

traffic, the IP Multicast still exists o n the subnet a nd consumes b andwidth.

IP Multicast can be optimized in a LAN by using IP Multicast filtering switches, such as the BayStack 450 switch.

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As shown in Figure 1-31, a non-IP Multicast filtering switch causes IP Multicast traffic to be sent to all segments on the local subnet.

Host

membership

IGMP

Host

query

Designated

router #1

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Internet

Designated router #2

Host

membership

query

Non-IP Multicast

filtering switch

Multicast stream

Host

membership

report

Non-IP Multicast

filtering switch

Figure 1-31. IP Multicast Propagation With IGMP Routing

The BayStack 450 switch can automatically set up IP Multicast filters so the IP Multicast traffic is only directed to the participating end nodes (see Figure 1-32

In Figure 1-32

, switches S1 to S4 represent a LAN connected to an IP Multicast router. The router periodically se nds Host Membership Queries to the LAN and listens for a response from end stations. All of the clients connected to switches S1 to S4 are aware of the queries from the router.

Host

membership

report

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

One client, connected to S2, responds with a host membership report. Switch S2 intercepts the report fr om that port, and generates a proxy repo rt to its upstream neighbor, S1. Also, two clients connected to S4 respond with host membership reports, causing S4 to intercept the reports and to generate a consolidated proxy report to its upstream neighbor, S1.

Internet

Designated router

Host

membership

report

Proxy

Consolidated

report

Proxy

BayStack 450-24T

Switch

Host

membership

query

BayStack 450-24T Switch

BayStack 450-24T

Switches

Host

membership

report

Figure 1-32. BayStack 450 Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (1 of 2)

Switch S1 treats the con solidated pr oxy reports from S2 and S4 as if they were reports from any client connected to its ports, and generates a consolidated proxy report to the desi gnated router. In this way, the router receives a single consolidated report from that entire subnet.

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After the switches learn which ports are requesting access to the IP Multicast stream, all other ports no t responding to t he queries are bl ocked from recei ving the IP Multicast (Figure 1-33

Internet

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Designated router

Host

membership

query

BayStack 450-24T Switch

BayStack 450-24T

Switches

Key

Multicast stream

BS45023B

BayStack 450-24T Switch

Figure 1-33. BayStack 450 Switch Filtering IP Multicast Streams (2 of 2)

The consolidated proxy report generated by the switch remains transpar ent to layer 3 of the Interna tional Organization for Standardizat ion, Open Systems Interconnection (ISO/OSI) model. (The switch IP address and MAC address are not part of proxy report generation.) The last reporting IGMP group member in each VLAN represents all of the hosts in that VLAN and IGMP group.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

IGMP Snooping Configuration Rules

The IGMP snooping feature operates according to specific configuration rules. When configuring your switch for IGMP snooping, consider the following rules that determine how the configuration reacts in any network topology:

• A port that is configured for port mirr oring cannot be configured as a static

router port.

• If a MultiLink Trunk member is configured as a static router port, al l of the

MultiLink Trunk members are configured as static router ports. Also, if a static router port is removed, and it is a MultiLink Trunk member, all MultiLink Trunk members are removed as static router port members, automatically.

• Static router ports must be port members of at least one VLAN.

• If a port is configured as a static router port, it is configured as a static router

port for all VLANs on that port. The IGMP configuration is propagated through all VLANs of that port.

• If a static router port is removed, the membership for that port is removed

from all VLANs of that port.

• The IGMP snooping feature is not STP dependent.

• The IGMP snooping feature is not Rate Limiting dependent.

• The snooping field must be enabled for the proxy field to have any valid

meaning.

• Static router ports are configured per VLAN and per IGMP Version.

Note:

Because IGMP snooping is set up per VLAN, all IGMP changes are

implemente d according to the VLAN configuration for the specified ports.

For more information about using the IGMP snooping feature, see “IGMP Configuration” on page 3-51.

See also Appendix D, “Quick Steps to Features” fo r co nfiguration flowcharts that can help you use this feature.

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IEEE 802.1p Prio ritizing

You can use the VLAN Configuration screens to prioritize the order in which the switch forwards packets, on a per-port basis. For example, if messages from a specific segment are crucial to your operation, you can set the switch port connected to th at se gment to a hi gher prior ity level (by defaul t, al l switch por ts are set to Low priority). Untagged packets received by the switch on that port are tagged acc ording to the priority level you assign to the port (see Figure 1-34

Before

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

CRC

Data

SA DA

PVID = 2

Priority = 6

Port 1

802.1Q Switch

Port 4

Port 6 Port 7 Port 8

Untagged member

of VLAN 2

Outgoing

untagged packet

(unchanged)

Port configuration parameters

Port 2 Port 3

Port 5

transmit

queue

CRC

Data

SA DA

High

Low

Tagged member of VLAN 2 (Port 5)

Port 5

(*Recalculated)

Key

Priority CFI VID

DASADataCRC* Tag

8100 CFI

16 bits 3 bits 1 bit 12 bits

After

- User_priority

- Canonical format indicator

- VLAN identifier

VID = 2Priority = 6

Figure 1-34. Prioritizing Packets

The newly tagged frame i s read within t he switch a nd sen t to t he port’s high or lo w transmit queue for disposition (see Figure 1-35 shown in Figure 1-35

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). The port transmit queue example

applies to all ports on the BayStack 450 switch.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Port 5

User priority

(6)

Port

transmit

queue

Traffic

class 7 6

High

5 4

3 2

Low

1 0

High priority

packet

BS45025A

Figure 1-35. Port Transmit Queue

As shown in Figure 1-35, the switch provides two transmission queues, High and Low, for any giv en po rt. Frames a re assi gned to one of these q ueues on th e basis of

user_priority using a tr af f ic class table. This ta ble is manag ed b y using the T r af fic Class Configuration screen (Figure 1-36

). The table indicates the corresponding traffic class that is assigned to the frame, for each possible user_priority value. If the frame lea v es t he swi tch fo rmatte d as a tagg ed pa cke t, the t raf fic class assigned to the frame is carried forward to the next 802.1p capable switch. This a llows the packet to carry the assigned traffic class priority thr ough the network until i t reaches its destination.

The follow ing steps show how to use the Traffic Class Configuration screen to configure the port priority level shown in Figure 1-34

For more information about using the Traffic Class Configuration screen, see “VLAN Configuration” on page 3-24.

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To configu re the port pri ority level, follow these steps:

Determine the priority level you want to a ssign to the switch port .

User priority levels are assigned def ault sett ings in all BayStack 450 switches. The range is from 0 to 7. The traffic class table can be modified; therefore, view the settings shown in the Traffic Class Configuration screen before setting the port priority in the VLAN Port Configuration screen.

Select Switch Configuration from the BayStack 450-12T Main Menu (or press w).

From the Switch Configuration Menu, select VLAN Configuration (or press v).

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select Traffic Class Configuration (or press t).

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

The Traffic Class Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-36

Traffic Class Configuration

User Priority Traffic Class

------------- ------------ Priority 0: [ Low ] Priority 1: [ Low ] Priority 2: [ Low ] Priority 3: [ Low ] Priority 4: [ Low ] Priority 5: [ Low ] Priority 6: [ Low ] Priority 7: [ Low ]

Use space bar to display choices, press <Return> or <Enter> to select choice. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-36. Default Traffic Class Configuration Screen Example

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Select a priority level from the range shown in the Traffic Class Configurat ion scr een (or modify th e Traffic Cl ass paramet ers to sui t y our needs).

Assign the priority level to ports using the VLAN Port Configuratio n screen:

Press [Ctrl]-R to return to the VLAN Configuration Menu.

From the VLAN Configuration Menu, select VLAN Port Configuration (or press c).

The VLAN Port Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-37

Figure 1-37 Figure 1-34

VLAN Port Configuration

Port: [ 4 ] Filter Tagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Untagged Frames: [ No ] Filter Unregistered Frames: [ No ] Port Name: [ Principal's port ] PVID: [ 2 ] Port Priority: [ 6 ]

shows the VLAN Port Configuration screen setup for port 4 in on page 1-53.

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-37. Setting Port Priority Example

For more information about using this feature, see “VLAN Configuration Menu” on page 3-22.

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MultiLink Trunks

MultiLink Trunks allow you to group up to four switch ports together to form a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate throughput of the interconnection between the devices (up to 800 Mb/s in full-duplex mode). You can configure up to six MultiLink Trunks. The Trunk members can reside on a single unit or on multiple units within the same stack configuration as a distribut ed t runk . Multi Link Trunking software detects misconfigured (or broken) trunk links and re dir ec ts tr affic on the misconf i gur ed or broken trunk link to other trunk members within that trunk.

You can use the Trunk Configuration screen to create switch-to-switch and switch-to-server MultiLink Trunk links (see Figures 1-38

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

and 1-39).

Figure 1-38

and S3.

shows two trunks (T1 and T2) connecting switch S1 to switches S2

Figure 1-38. Switch-to-Switch Trunk Configuration Example

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

You can configure each of the trunks shown in Figure 1-38 with up to four switch ports to provide up to 800 Mb/s aggregate bandwidth through each trunk, in full-duplex mode. As shown in this example, when traffic between switch-to-switch connections approaches single port bandwidth limitations, creating a MultiLink Trunk can supply the additional bandwidth required to improve the performance.

Figure 1-39

shows a typica l switc h-to- serv er trunk configuration. In this example, file server FS1 uses dual MAC addresses, using one MAC address for each network interface controller (NIC). For this reason, FS1 does not require a trunk assignment. FS2 is a single MAC server (with a four-port NIC) and is set up as trunk configuration T1.

FS1

FS2

Figure 1-39. Switch-to-Server Trunk Configuration Example

Client/Server Configuration Using MultiLink Trunks

Figure 1-40 shows an example of how MultiLink Trunking can be used in a

client/server configuration. In this example, both servers connect directly to switch S1. FS2 is connected through a trunk configuration (T1). The switch-to-switch connections are through trunks (T2, T3, T4, and T5).

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Clients accessing data from the servers (FS1 and FS2) are provided with maximized bandwidth through trunks T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. Trunk members (the ports making up each trunk) do not have to be consecutive switch ports; you can select ports randomly, as shown by T5.

With spanning tree enabled, one of the trunks (T2 or T3) acts as a redundant (backup) trunk to switch S2. With spanning tree disabled, you must configure trunks T2 and T3 into se par at e VLANs f or t hi s configuration to function prope rl y (see “I

EEE 802.1Q VLAN Workgroups” on page 1-32).

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

FS1

T3 T4

FS2

Figure 1-40. Client/Server Configuration Example

The trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4 are shown in “Trunk

Configurat ion Scr een Exampl es” following this sec tion. For detailed informatio n

about configuring trunks, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration” on page 3-37.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Trunk Configuration Screen Examples

This section sho ws e xamples of the Mu ltiLink Trunk configurati on scre ens for the client/server configuration example shown in Figure 1-40 screens show how you could set up the trunk configuration screens for switches S1 to S4. See “Spanning Tree Considerations

page 1-72

information.

Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1

Switch S1 is set up with five trunk configurations: T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5.

Setting up the Trunk Configuration For S1:

, and “MultiLink Trunk Configuration” on page 3-37 for more

on page 1-59. The

for MultiLink Trunks” on

To set up the trunk configuration, choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration (or press t) from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen (Figure 1-41

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu

MultiLink Trunk Configuration... MultiLink Trunk Utilization... Return to Switch Configuration Menu

Use arrow keys to highlight option, press <Return> or <Enter> to select option. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-41. Choosing the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen

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The MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen opens (Figure 1-42).

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /15 ][ /17 ][ /19 ][ /21 ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ /25 ][ /26 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 3 [ /2 ][ /4 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 4 [ /14 ][ /16 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 5 [ /22 ][ /24 ][ / ][ / ] [ Fast ] Basic [ Enabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S1:T1 to FS2 ] 2 [ S1:T2 to S2 ] 3 [ S1:T3 to S2 ] 4 [ S1:T4 to S3 ] 5 [ S1:T5 to S4 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-42. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S1

Switch S1 is configured a s follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that correspond to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk:

Note:

The Unit value (in the Unit/Port field) is not configurable when the switch is operating standalone . For detailed in formation about the M ultiLink Trunk Configuration screen fields, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration” on page 3-37.

Ports 15, 17, 19, and 21 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1. Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Ports 2 and 4 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 3. Ports 14 and 16 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 4. Ports 22 and 24 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 5.

• STP Learning indicates the spanni ng tr ee par tici pat ion s ettin g for ea ch of the

trunks: Trunks 1 through 4 are enabled for Normal STP Learning. Trunk 5 is enabled for Fast STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

The Trunk Mode field values for trunks 1 to 5 are set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and forwarding. This allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source addresses across the trunk members.

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to

Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this example provide meanin gful information to the

user of this switch (for example, S1:T1 to FS2 indicates that Trunk 1, in switch S1, connects to File Server 2).

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Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

As shown in Figure 1-40

on page 1-59, switch S2 is set up with two trunk

configurations (T2 and T3). Both trunks connect directly to switch S1. As in the previous screen examples, to set up a trunk configuration, choose

MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen.

Figure 1-43

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /25 ][ /26 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ /1 ][ /3 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 3 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 4 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 5 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S2:T2 to S1 ] 2 [ S2:T3 to S1 ] 3 [ Trunk #3 ] 4 [ Trunk #4 ] 5 [ Trunk #5 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for switch S2.

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-43. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S2

Switch S2 is configured a s follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunks (1 to 6) that correspond to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk: Ports 25 and 26 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Ports 1 and 3 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 2.

• STP Learning indicates the spanni ng tr ee par tici pat ion s ettin g for ea ch of the

trunks: Trunks 1 and 2 are enabled for Normal STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

The T run k Mode field values for tr unks 1 and 2 are set to Basic. Source MAC addresses are statically assigned to specific trunk members for flooding and forwarding. This allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source addresses across the trunk members.

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to

Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this example provide meanin gful information to the

user of this swit ch (for example, S2:T2 to S1 indicates that Trunk 1, in switch S2, connects to Switch 1).

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Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

As shown in Figure 1-40

on page 1-59, switch S3 is set up with one trunk

configuration (T4). This trunk connects directly to switch S1. As in the previous screen examples, to set up an interswitch trunk configuration,

choose MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen.

Figure 1-44

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /1 ][ /3 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 3 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 4 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 5 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S3:T4 to S1 ] 2 [ Trunk #2 ] 3 [ Trunk #3 ] 4 [ Trunk #4 ] 5 [ Trunk #5 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for switch S3.

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-44. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S3

Switch S3 is configured a s follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk: Ports 1 and 3 are assigned as trunk members of trunk 1.

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• STP Learning indicates the spanni ng t ree parti cipat ion s ettin g f or ea ch of the

trunks: Trunk 1 is enabled for Normal STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

The T runk Mode f iel d v alue for trunk 1 i s set t o Basic. Sou rce MAC addresses are staticall y assig ned t o speci f ic t ru nk members f or flo oding an d fo rwar ding. This allows the switch to stabilize and distribute the data streams of source addresses across the trunk members.

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the trunks. When set to

Enabled, the configuration settings for that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this example provide meanin gful information to the

user of this swit ch (for example, S3:T4 to S1 indicates that Trunk 1, in switch S3, connects to Switch 1).

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Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

As shown in Figure 1-40

, switch S4 is set up with one trunk configuration (T5).

This trunk connects directly to switch S1. As in the previous screen examples, to set up a trunk configuration, choose

MultiLink Trunk Configuration from the MultiLink Trunk Configuration Menu screen.

Figure 1-45

MultiLink Trunk Configuration Trunk Trunk Members (Unit/Port) STP Learning Trunk Mode Trunk Status

----- ------------------------------- ------------ --------------- ----------- 1 [ /5 ][ /11 ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Enabled ] 2 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 3 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 4 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 5 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ] 6 [ / ][ / ][ / ][ / ] [ Normal ] Basic [ Disabled ]

Trunk Trunk Name

----- ----------------- 1 [ S4:T5 to S1 ] 2 [ Trunk #2 ] 3 [ Trunk #3 ] 4 [ Trunk #4 ] 5 [ Trunk #5 ] 6 [ Trunk #6 ]

shows the MultiLink Trunk Configuration screen for switch S4.

Enter text, press <Return> or <Enter> when complete. Press Ctrl-R to return to previous menu. Press Ctrl-C to return to Main Menu.

Figure 1-45. MultiLink Trunk Configuration Screen for Switch S4

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Switch S4 is configured a s follows:

• Trunk (read only) indicates the trunk (1 to 6) that corresponds to the switch

ports specified in the Trunk Members fields.

• Trunk Members (Unit/Port) indicates the ports that can be configured, in

each row, to create the corresponding trunk: Ports 5 and 11 are assigned as trunk members of trunk T1.

• STP Learning indicates the spa nning tree par ticipat ion settin g for each of the

trunks: Trunk 1 is enabled for Normal STP Learning.

• Trunk Mode (read only) indicates the Trunk Mode for each of the trunks:

• Trunk Status indicates the Trunk Status for each of the tr unks . Wh en i t i s se t

to Enabled, the configuration settings f or that specific trunk are activated.

• Trunk Name indicates optional fields for assigning names to the

corresponding configured trunks. The names chosen for this example provide meanin gful information to the

user (for example, S4:T5 to S1 indicates that Trunk 1, in switch S4, connects to Switch 1).

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Before Configuring Trunks

When you create and enable a trunk, the trunk members (switch ports) take on certain setti ngs nece ss ary for corr ect op era tion o f the M ulti Link Trunking feature.

Before conf iguring yo ur MultiLink Trunk, you must consider t hese sett ings, alo ng with specific configuration rules, as follows:

Read the configuration rules provided in the next section, “MultiLink

Trunking Configuration Rules.”

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

Determine which switch ports (up to four) are to become

trunk members

(the specific ports making up the trunk):

• A minimum of two ports are required for each trunk.

• Ensure that the chosen switch ports are set to Enabled, using either the Port Configuration screen (see “Port Configuration” on page 3-32) or network management.

• Trunk member ports must have the same VLAN configuration.

All network cabli ng should be co mplete and stabl e bef ore conf igur ing any trunks, to avoid configuration errors.

Consider how the existi ng spanning tree will react to the new trunk configurati on (see “Spanning Tree Consi derations on page 1-72

Consider how existing VLANs will be affected by the addition of a trunk.

After completing the above steps, see “MultiLink Trunk Configuration”

for Multi Link Trunks”

on page 3-37 for screen examples and field descriptions that will help yo u configure your MultiLink Trunks.

MultiLink Trunking Configuration Rules

The MultiLink Trunking feature is deterministic; that is, it operates according to specific configuration rules. When creating trunks, consider the following rules that determine how the MultiLink Trunk reacts in any network topology:

• Any port that partic ipates in Mu ltiLink Trunking must be an acti ve port (set to Enabled via the Port Configuration screen or through network management).

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

• All trunk members must have the same VLAN confi guratio n before the T r unk Configuration screen’s Trunk Status field can be set to Enabled (see “VLAN Configuration” on page 3-24).

• When an acti ve p ort is conf igur ed in a trunk, the port bec omes a trunk member when you set the Trunk Status field to E nabl ed. The spanning tree parameters for the port then change to reflect the new trunk settings.

• If you change the sp anni ng t ree participation of any tru nk me mber t o Enabl ed or Disabled, the spanning tree participation of all members of that trunk changes similarly (see “Spanning Tree Considerations on page 1-72

• When a trunk is enabled, the trunk spanning tree participation sett ing takes precedence over that of any trunk member. When a trunk is active, you can change the trunk STP setting from either the Trunk Configuration screen or the Spanning Tree Configuration screen.

for MultiLink Trunks”

• If you change the VLAN settings of any trunk member, the VLAN se tt ings of all members of that trunk change similarly.

• When you set any trunk member to Disabled (not active) through the Port Configuration screen or through network management, the trunk member is removed fr om the trunk. The tr unk member has to be recon figur ed through the Tru nk Conf igu rati on scree n to rejoi n the tr unk. A scree n prompt pr ecedes this action. A trunk member cannot be disabled if there are only two trunk members on the trunk.

• You cannot configure a trunk member as a monitor port (see “Port Mirroring Configuration” on page 3-45).

• Trunks cannot be monitored by a monitor port; however, trunk members can be monitored (see “Port-Based Mirroring Configuration

” on page 1-77).

• All trunk members must have identical IGMP configurations.

• If you change the IGMP snooping configuration for any trunk member, the IGMP snooping settings for all trunk members change.

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How the MultiLink Trunk Reacts to Losing Distributed Trunk Members

If your MultiLink Trunk (Figure 1-46) spans separate units in a stack configuration and any of those units (or trunked MDAs) becomes inactive from a loss of power or unit failure, the unaffected trunk members remain operational.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

BayStack 450-24T Switches

450-1SR MDA

Accelar 1150/1150R

Routing Switch

(XLR1102SR I/O Modules)

CPUPS1 PS2 FAN

Figure 1-46. Loss of Distributed Trunk Members

Unit 1

Unit 2

Unit 3

Unit 4

Unit 5

Unit 6

Unit 7

Unit 8

BS45075A

However, until you correct the cause of the failure or change the trunk Status field to Disabled, you will be unable to modify any of t he following parameters for t he affected trunk :

• VLAN Configuration

• Spanning Tree Configuration

• Port Mirroring Configuration

• Port Configuration

• IGMP Configuration

• Rate Limiting Configuration

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

Spanning Tree Considerations for MultiLink Trunks

The spanning tree Path Cost parameter is recalculated based on the aggregate bandwidth of the trunk. For example, Figure 1-47 with two port members operating at 100 Mb/s and two at 10 Mb/s. Trunk T1 provides an aggregate bandwidth of 220 Mb/s. The Path Cost for T1 is 4 (Path Cost = 1000/LAN speed, in Mb/s). Another three-port trunk (T2) is configured with an aggregate bandwidth of 210 Mb/s, with a comparable Path Cost of 4. When the Path Cost calculations for both trunks are equal, the software chooses the trunk with the larger aggregate bandwidth (T1 ) to determin e the most efficient path.

shows a four-port trunk (T1)

Path Cost T1 = 4

Aggregate Bandwidth

100 Mb/s 100 Mb/s

10 Mb/s 10 Mb/s

220 Mb/s

T1 T2

100 Mb/s 100 Mb/s

10 Mb/s

Aggregate Bandwidth

210 Mb/s

Path Cost T2 = 4

BS45029A

Figure 1-47. Path Cost Arbitration Example

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The switch can also detect trunk member ports that are physically misconfigured. For example, in Figure 1-48 configured correctly to trunk member ports 7, 9, and 11 of switch S2. The Spanning T ree Po rt Conf igurati on screen f or each switc h sho ws th e port sta te fi eld for each port in the Forwarding state.

BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switches

, trunk member ports 2, 4, and 6 of switch S1 are

S1 Port Configuration screen

Figure 1-48. Example 1: Correctly Configured Trunk

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S2 Port Configuration screen

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Using the BayStack 450 10/100/1000 Series Switch

If switch S2’s trunk member port 11 is physically disconnected and then reconnected to port 13, the Spanni ng T ree Por t Conf igurati on screen f or switch S1 changes to show port 6 in the Blocking state (Figure 1-49

S1 Port Configuration screen

[Blocking]

Figure 1-49. Example 2: Detecting a Misconfigured Port

1-74

S2 Port Configuration screen

BS45031A

302401-D Rev 00

Nortel BayStack 450 Using Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual