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ALTEON OS BMD00007
Command Reference Manual
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Nortel ALTEON OS BMD00007, ALTEON OS Command Reference Manual

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Alteon OS
Command Reference
Nortel 10Gb Uplink Ethernet Switch Module for IBM BladeCenter® Version 1.2
Part Number: BMD00007, November 2007
2350 Mission College Blvd.
Suite 600 Santa Clara, CA 95054 www.bladenetwork.net
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Alteon OS Command Reference
Copyright © 2007 Blade Network T echnologies, Inc., 2350 Mission College Blvd., Suite 600, Santa Clara, California, 95054, USA. All rights reserved. Part Number: BMD00007.
This document is protected by copyright and distributed under licenses restricting its use, copying, distribution, and decompilation. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form by any means without prior written authorization of Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. Documentation is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including any kind of implied or express warranty of non-infringement or the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
U.S. Government End Users: This document is provided with a “commercial item” as defined by F AR
2.101 (Oct. 1995) and contains “commercial technical data” and “commercial software documentation” as those terms are used in F AR 12.211-12.212 (Oct. 199 5). Government End Users are authorized to use this documentation only in accordance with those rights and restrictions set forth herein, consistent with F AR
12.211- 12.212 (Oct. 1995), DF ARS 227 .7202 (JUN 1995) and DF ARS 252.227-7015 (Nov . 1995). Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. reserves the right to change any products described herein at any time,
and without notice. Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the use of products described herein, except as expressly agreed to in writing by Blade Network T echnologies, Inc. The use and purchase of this product does not convey a license under any patent rights, trademark rights, or any other intellectual property rights of Blade Network T echnologies, Inc.
Originated in the USA. Alteon OS, and Alteon are trademarks of Nortel Networks, Inc. in the United States and certain other
®
countries. Cisco
and EtherChannel® are registered trademarks of Cisc o Systems, Inc. in the United S tates and certain other countries. Any other trademarks appearing in this manual are owned by their respective companies.
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Contents
Preface 13
Who Should Use This Book 14 How This Book Is Organized 15 Typographic Conventions 16 How to Get Help 17
The Command Line Interface 19
Connecting to the Switch 20
Management Module Setup 20 Factory-Default vs. MM assigned IP Addresses 20 Default Gateway 21 Configuring management module for switch access 21 Connecting to the Switch via Telnet 23
Running Telnet 23
Establishing an SSH Connection 24
Running SSH 25 Accessing the Switch 26 Setup Versus CLI 28 Command Line History and Editing 29 Idle Timeout 29
First-Time Configuration 31
Using the Setup Utility 32
Information Needed For Setup 32 Starting Setup When You Log In 33 Stopping and Restarting Setup Manually 34
Stopping Setup 34
Restarting Setup 34
Setup Part 1: Basic System Configuration 34 Setup Part 2: Port Configuration 36
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Setup Part 3: VLANs 38
Setup Part 4: IP Configuration 39
IP Interfaces 39 Default Gateways 40
IP Routing 41 Setup Part 5: Final Steps 41 Optional Setup for Telnet Support 42
Setting Passwords 43
Changing the Default Administrator Password 43 Changing the Default User Password 45
Menu Basics 47
The Main Menu 48 Menu Summary 49 Global Commands 50 Command Line History and Editing 53 Command Line Interface Shortcuts 54
Command Stacking 54 Command Abbreviation 54 Tab Completion 54
The Information Menu 55
Information Menu 56 System Information 58
SNMPv3 System Information Menu 59
SNMPv3 USM User Table Information 61
SNMPv3 View Table Information 62
SNMPv3 Access Table Information 63
SNMPv3 Group Table Information 64
SNMPv3 Community Table Information 64
SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information 65
SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information 66
SNMPv3 Notify Table Information 67
SNMPv3 Dump Information 68 BladeCenter Chassis Information 69 General System Information 70 Show Recent Syslog Messages 72 User Status 73
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Layer 2 Information 74
FDB Information 76
Show All FDB Information 77 Clearing Entries from the Forwarding Database 77
Link Aggregation Control Protocol Information 78
Show all LACP Information 78
GVRP Information 79
Show GVRP VLAN Database Information 80 Show GID State Machine Information 81 Show GID Port Ring Information 82
802.1x Information 83 Spanning Tree Information 85 RSTP/MSTP Information 88 Common Internal Spanning Tree Information 91 Trunk Group Information 93 VLAN Information 94
Layer 3 Information 95
IP Routing Information 97
Show All IP Route Information 98
ARP Information 100
Show All ARP Entry Information 101 ARP Address List Information 102
BGP Information 102 BGP Peer information 103 BGP Summary information 103
Show all BGP Information 104
OSPF Information 105
OSPF General Information 106 OSPF Interface Information 107 OSPF Database Information 107 OSPF Information Route Codes 109
Routing Information Protocol Information 110
RIP Routes Information 110 Show RIP User Configuration 111
IP Information 112 IGMP Multicast Group Information 113 IGMP Group Information 114 IGMP Multicast Router Port Information 114 IGMP Mrouter Information 115 VRRP Information 116 Quality of Service Information 117
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802.1p Information 117 Access Control List Information 119
Link Status Information 120 Port Information 121 Fiber Port Transceiver Status 123 Information Dump 123
The Statistics Menu 125
Statistics Menu 125 Port Statistics 127
802.1x Authenticator Statistics 128
802.1x Authenticator Diagnostics 129 Bridging Statistics 131 Ethernet Statistics 133 Interface Statistics 136 Interface Protocol Statistics 138 Link Statistics 138
Layer 2 Statistics 139
FDB Statistics 139 LACP Statistics 141 GVRP Statistics 142
Layer 3 Statistics 144
IP Statistics 147 Route Statistics 149 ARP statistics 149 DNS Statistics 150 ICMP Statistics 150 TCP Statistics 153 UDP Statistics 155 IGMP Statistics 156 OSPF Statistics 157
OSPF Global Statistics 158 VRRP Statistics 162 Routing Information Protocol Statistics 163
Management Processor Statistics 164
MP Packet Statistics 165 TCP Statistics 166 UCB Statistics 167 CPU Statistics 167
ACL Statistics 168
ACL Statistics 168
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SNMP Statistics 169 NTP Statistics 173 Statistics Dump 174
The Configuration Menu 175
Configuration Menu 176 Viewing, Applying, and Saving Changes 177
Viewing Pending Changes 177 Applying Pending Changes 178 Saving the Configuration 178
System Configuration 179
System Host Log Configuration 182 SSH Server Configuration 183 RADIUS Server Configuration 185 TACACS+ Server Configuration 187 LDAP Server Configuration 190 NTP Server Configuration 192 System SNMP Configuration 193 SNMPv3 Configuration 195
User Security Model Configuration 197 SNMPv3 View Configuration 198 View-based Access Control Model Configuration 199 SNMPv3 Group Configuration 201 SNMPv3 Community Table Configuration 202 SNMPv3 Target Address Table Configuration 203 SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Configuration 204 SNMPv3 Notify Table Configuration 205
System Access Configuration 206
Management Networks Configuration 208 User Access Control Configuration 209 System User ID Configuration 210 Strong Password Configuration 211 HTTPS Access Configuration 212
Port Configuration 213
Port Link Configuration 215 Temporarily Disabling a Port 216
Port ACL Configuration 216
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Layer 2 Configuration 217
802.1x Configuration 219
802.1x Global Configuration 220
802.1x Guest VLAN Configuration 222
802.1x Port Configuration 223 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol/ Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Configuration 225 Common Internal Spanning Tree Configuration 227
CIST Bridge Configuration 228 CIST Port Configuration 229
Spanning Tree Configuration 231
Spanning Tree Bridge Configuration 233
Spanning Tree Port Configuration 235 Forwarding Database Configuration 237 Static FDB Configuration 237 GVRP Configuration 238 GVRP Port Configuration 239 Trunk Configuration 240 IP Trunk Hash Configuration 241
IP Trunk Hash 241 LACP Configuration 243
LACP Port Configuration 244 Layer 2 Failover Configuration 245
Failover Trigger Configuration 246
Auto Monitor Configuration 247 VLAN Configuration 248 Protocol-based VLAN Configuration 250 Private VLAN Configuration 252
Layer 3 Configuration 253
IP Interface Configuration 255 Default Gateway Configuration 256 IP Static Route Configuration 258 IP Multicast Route Configuration 259 ARP Configuration 260
ARP Static Configuration 261 IP Forwarding Configuration 262 Network Filter Configuration 263 Routing Map Configuration 264
IP Access List Configuration 266
Autonomous System Filter Path 267
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Routing Information Protocol Configuration 268
Routing Information Protocol Interface Configuration 269
Open Shortest Path First Configuration 271
Area Index Configuration 273 OSPF Summary Range Configuration 274 OSPF Interface Configuration 275 OSPF Virtual Link Configuration 277 OSPF Host Entry Configuration 278 OSPF Route Redistribution Configuration 279 OSPF MD5 Key Configuration 280
Border Gateway Protocol Configuration 281
BGP Peer Configuration 283 BGP Redistribution Configuration 285 BGP Aggregation Configuration 286
IGMP Configuration 287
IGMP Snooping Configuration 288 IGMP Version 3 Configuration 289 IGMP Relay Configuration 290 IGMP Relay Multicast Router Configuration 291 IGMP Static Multicast Router Configuration 292 IGMP Filtering Configuration 293 IGMP Filter Definition 294 IGMP Filtering Port Configuration 295 IGMP Advanced Configuration 296
Domain Name System Configuration 297 Bootstrap Protocol Relay Configuration 298 VRRP Configuration 299
Virtual Router Configuration 301 Virtual Router Priority Tracking Configuration 303 Virtual Router Group Configuration 304 Virtual Router Group Priority Tracking Configuration 306 VRRP Interface Configuration 307 VRRP Tracking Configuration 308
Quality of Service Configuration 309
802.1p Configuration 310 DSCP Configuration 311
Access Control List Configuration 312
ACL Configuration 313 Ethernet Filtering Configuration 314 IP version 4 Filtering Configuration 315 TCP/UDP Filtering Configuration 317
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ACL Metering Configuration 318 Re-Mark Configuration 319
Re-Marking In-Profile Configuration 320
Update User Priority Configuration 321
Re-Marking Out-of-Profile Configuration 322 Packet Format Filtering Configuration 322 ACL Group Configuration 323
Port Mirroring Configuration 324
Port-Mirroring Configuration 325
Setup 326 Dump 326 Saving the Active Switch Configuration 327 Restoring the Active Switch Configuration 327
The Operations Menu 329
Operations Menu 330
Operations-Level Port Options 332 Operations-Level Port 802.1x Options 333 Operations-Level VRRP Options. 334 Operations-Level IP Options 334 Operations-Level BGP Options 335 Protected Mode Options 336
The Boot Options Menu 339
Boot Menu 340 Scheduled Reboot of the Switch 340
Scheduled Reboot Menu 340
Updating the Switch Software Image 341
Loading New Software to Your Switch 341
Using the BBI 341
Using the CLI 343 Selecting a Software Image to Run 344 Uploading a Software Image from Your Switch 345
Selecting a Configuration Block 346 Resetting the Switch 347
Accessing the ISCLI 347
The Maintenance Menu 349
Maintenance Menu 350
System Maintenance 352
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Forwarding Database Maintenance 353 Debugging Options 354 ARP Cache Maintenance 355 IP Route Manipulation 356 IGMP Maintenance 357
IGMP Group Maintenance 358 IGMP Multicast Routers Maintenance 359
Uuencode Flash Dump 360 TFTP System Dump Put 361 Clearing Dump Information 361 Panic Command 362
Unscheduled System Dumps 362
Alteon OS Syslog Messages 363
Alteon OS SNMP Agent 375
Working with Switch Images and Configuration Files 378
Loading a new switch image 379 Loading a saved switch configuration 380 Saving the switch configuration 380 Saving a switch dump 381
Alteon OS Command Reference
Glossary 383
Index 385
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Preface
The Alteon OS Command Reference describes how to configure and use the Alteon OS soft­ware with your Nortel 10Gb Uplink Ethernet Switch Module (GbE Switch Module).
For documentation on installing the switches physically, see the Installation Guide for your GbE Switch Module. For details about configuration and operation of your GbE Switch Mod­ule, see the Alteon OS Application Guide.
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Who Should Use This Book
This Command Reference is intended for network installers and system administrators engaged in configuring and maintaining a network. The administrator should be familiar with Ethernet concepts, IP addressing, the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol, and SNMP configuration parameters.
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How This Book Is Organized
Chapter 1 “The Command Line Interface,” describes how to connect to the switch and access
the information and configuration menus.
Chapter 2 “First-Time Configuration
,” describes how to use the Setup utility for initial
switch configuration and how to change the system passwords.
Chapter 3 “Menu Basics
,” provides an overview of the menu system, including a menu map,
global commands, and menu shortcuts.
Chapter 4 “The Information Menu,” shows how to view switch configuration parameters. Chapter 5 “The Statistics Menu,” shows how to view switch performance statistics. Chapter 6 “The Configuration Menu,” shows how to configure switch system parameters,
ports, VLANs, Spanning Tree Protocol, SNMP, Port Mirroring, IP Routing, Port Trunking, and more.
Chapter 7 “The Operations Menu,” shows how to use commands which affect switch per-
formance immediately , but do not alter permanent switch configurations (such as temporarily disabling ports). The menu describes how to activate or deactivate optional software features.
Chapter 8 “The Boot Options Menu,” describes the use of the primary and alternate switch
images, how to load a new software image, and how to reset the software to factory defaults.
Chapter 9 “The Maintenance Menu,” shows how to generate and access a dump of critical
switch state information, how to clear it, and how to clear part or all of the forwarding database.
Appendix A, “Alteon OS Syslog Messages,” shows a listing of syslog messages. Appendix B, “Alteon OS SNMP Agent,” lists the Management Interface Bases (MIBs ) sup-
ported in the switch software.
“Glossary” includes definitions of terminology used throughout t he book.
“Index” includes pointers to the description of the key words used throughout the book.
Preface
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Typographic Conventions
The following table describes the typographic styles used in this book.
Table 1 Typographic Conventions
Typeface or Symbol
AaBbCc123 This type is used for names of commands,
AaBbCc123 This bold type appears in command exam-
<AaBbCc123> This italicized type appears in command
[ ] Command items shown inside brackets are
Meaning Example
files, and directories used within the text. It also depicts on-screen computer output and
prompts.
ples. It shows text that must be typed in exactly as shown.
examples as a parameter placeholder. Replace the indicated text with the appropriate real name or value when using the command. Do not type the brackets.
This also shows book titles, special terms, or words to be emphasized.
optional and can be used or excluded as the situation demands. Do not type the brackets.
View the readme.txt file.
Main#
Main# sys
To establish a Telnet session, enter:
host# telnet <IP address>
Read your User’s Guide thoroughly.
host# ls [-a]
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How to Get Help
If you need help, service, or technical assistance, see the “Getting help and technical assis­tance” appendix in the Nortel 10Gb Uplink Ethernet Switch Module for IBM BladeCenter Installation Guide.
Preface
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Preface BMD00007, November 2007
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CHAPTER 1
The Command Line Interface
Your GbE Switch Module (GbESM) is ready to perform basic switching functions right out of the box. Some of the more advanced features, however, require some administrative configuration before they can be used effectively.
The extensive Alteon OS switching software included in your switch provides a variety of options for accessing and configuring the switch:
A built-in, text-based command line interface and menu system for access via a Telnet ses-
sion or serial-port connection
SNMP support for access through network management software such as IBM Director or
HP OpenV iew
Alteon OS Browser-Based Interface (BBI)
The command line interface is the most direct method for collecting switch information and performing switch configuration. Using a basic terminal, you are presented with a hierarchy of menus that enable you to view information and statistics about the switch, and to perform any necessary configuration.
This chapter explains how to access the Command Line Interface (CLI) for the switch.
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Connecting to the Switch
You can access the command line interface in any one of the following ways:
Using a Telnet via the management module Using a Telnet connection over the network Using a SSH connection to securely log into another computer over a network Using a serial connection using the serial port on the GbESM
Management Module Setup
The BladeCenter GbE Switch Module is an integral subsystem within the overall BladeCenter system. The BladeCenter chassis includes a management module (MM) as the central element for overall chassis management and control.
You can use the 100-Mbps Ethernet port on the management module to configure and manage the GbE Switch Module. The GbE Switch Module communicates with the management mod­ule(s) through its internal port 15 (MGT), which you can access through the Ethernet port on each management module. The factory default settings will permit only management and con­trol access to the switch module through the Ethern et port on the management module, or the built-in serial port. You can use the four external Ethernet ports on the switch module for man­agement and control of the switch by selecting this mode as an option through the management module configuration utility program (see the applicable BladeCenter Installation and User’s Guide publications for more information).
NOTE – Support for both management modules is included within the single ma nagem e nt port (MGT). The MGT port dynamically connects to the active management module.
Factory-Default vs. MM assigned IP Addresses
Each GbE Switch Module must be assigned its own Internet Protocol address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other transmission control prot ocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) applications (for example, BootP or TFTP). The factory-default IP address is 10.90.90.9x, where x corresponds to the number of the bay into which the GbE
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Switch Module is installed. For additional information, see the Installation Guide). The man­agement module assigns an IP address of 192.168.70.1xx, where xx corresponds to the number of the bay into which each GbE Switch Module is installed, as shown in the following table:
Table 1-1 GbESM IP addresses, based on switch-module bay numbers
Bay number Factory-default IP address IP address assigned by MM
Bay 1 10.90.90.91 192.168.70.127 Bay 2 10.90.90.92 192.168.70.128 Bay 3 10.90.90.94 192.168.70.129 Bay 4 10.90.90.97 192.168.70.130
NOTE – Switch Modules installed in Bay 1 and Bay 2 connect to server NICs 1 and 2, respec­tively . However , W indows operating systems show that Switch Modules installed in Bay 3 and Bay 4 connect to server NICs 4 and 3, respectively.
Default Gateway
The default Gateway IP address determines where packets with a destination address outside the current subnet should be sent. Usually, the default Gateway is a router or host acting as an IP gateway to handle connections to other subnets of other TCP/IP networks. If you want to access the GbE Switch Module from outside your local network, use the management module to assign a default Gateway address to the GbE Switch Module. Choose I/O Module Tasks > Configuration from the navigation pane on the left, and enter the default Gateway IP address (for example, 192.168.70.125). Click Save.
Configuring management module for switch access
Complete the following initial configuration steps:
1. Connect the Ethernet port of the management module to a 10/100 Mbps network (with
access to a management station) or directly to a management station.
2. Access and log on to the management module, as described in the BladeCenter Manage-
ment Module User’s Guide. The management module provides the appropriate IP addresses for network access (see the applicable BladeCenter Installation and User’s Guide publications for more information).
3. Select Configuration on the I/O Module Tasks menu on the left side of the BladeCenter
Management Module window. See Figure 1-1.
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Figure 1-1 Switch management on the BladeCenter management module
4. You can use the default IP addresses provided by the management module, or you can
assign a new IP address to the switch module through the management module. You can assign this IP address through one of the following methods:
Manually through the BladeCenter management module Automatically through the IBM Director Configuration Wizard (available in
Director release 4.21)
NOTE – If you change the IP address of the GbE Switch Module, make sure that the switch module and the management module both reside on the same subnet.
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5. Enable the following features in the management module:
External Ports (I/O Module Tasks > Admin/Power/Restart > Advance Setup) External management over all ports (Configuration > Advanced Configuration)
This setting is required if you want to access the management network through the exter­nal ports on the GbE Switch Module.
The default value is Disabled for both features. If these features are not already enabled, change the value to Enabled, then Save.
NOTE – In Advanced Configuration > Advanced Setup, enable “Preserve new IP configura- tion on all switch resets,” to retain the switch’s IP interface when you restore factory defaults. This setting preserves the management port’s IP address in the management module’s memory, so you maintain connectivity to the management module after a reset.
You can now start a Telnet session, Browser-Based Interface (Web) session, a Secure Shell ses­sion, or a secure HTTPS session to the GbE Switch Module.
Connecting to the Switch via Telnet
Use the management module to access the GbE Switch Module through Telnet. Choose I/O Module Tasks > Configuration from the navigation pane on the left. Select a bay number and click Advanced Configuration > Start Telnet/Web Session > Start Telnet Session. A Telnet window opens a connection to the Switch Module (requires Java 1.4 Plug-in).
Once that you have configured the GbE Switch Module with an IP address and gateway, you can access the switch from any workstation connected to the management network. Telnet access provides the same options for user and administrator access as those available through the management module, minus certain Telnet and management commands.
To establish a Telnet connection with the switch, run the Telnet program on your workstation and issue the Telnet command, followed by the switch IP address:
telnet <switch IP address>
Running Telnet
Once the IP parameters on the GbE Switch Module are configured, you can access the CLI using a T elnet connection. From the management module, you can establish a T elnet connection with the switch.
You will then be prompted to enter a password as explained on page 26.
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Establishing an SSH Connection
Although a remote network administrator can manage the configuration of a GbE Switch Module via T elnet, this method does not provide a secure connection. The SSH (Secure Shell) protocol enables you to securely log into another computer over a network to execute commands remotely . As a secure alternative to us ing Telnet to manage switch configuration, SSH ensures that all data sent over the network is encrypted and secure.
The switch can do only one session of key/cipher generation at a time. Thus, a SSH/SCP client will not be able to login if the switch is doing key generation at that time or if another client has just logged in before this client. Similarly, the system will fail to do the key generation if a SSH/SCP client is logging in at that time.
The supported SSH encryption and authentication methods are listed below.
Server Host Authentication: Client RSA-authenticates the switch in the beginning of
every connection.
Key Exchange: RSA Encryption: 3DES-CBC, DES User Authentication: Local password authentication, Radius
The following SSH clients have been tested:
SSH 1.2.23 and SSH 1.2.27 for Linux (freeware) SecureCRT 3.0.2 and SecureCRT 3.0.3 (Van Dyke Technologies, Inc.) F-Secure SSH 1.1 for Windows (Data Fellows)
NOTE – The Alteon OS implementation of SSH is based on SSH version 1.5 and supports SSH-
1.5-1.X.XX. SSH clients of other versions (especially Version 2) are not supported.
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Running SSH
Once the IP parameters are configured and the SSH service is turned on the GbE Switch Module, you can access the command line interface using an SSH connection. The default setting for SSH access is disabled.
To establish an SSH connection with the switch, run the SSH program on your workstation by issuing the SSH command, followed by the switch IP address:
>> # ssh <switch IP address>
If SecurID authentication is required, use the following command:
>> # ssh -1 ace <switch IP address>
You will then be prompted to enter your user name and password.
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Accessing the Switch
To enable bet ter swit ch management and user accountability, three levels or classes of user access have been implemented on the agement functions, and screens increase as needed to perform various switch management tasks. Conceptually , access classes are defined as follows:
User interaction with the switch is completely passive—nothing can be changed on the
GbE Switch Module. Users may display information that has no security or privacy implica-
tions, such as switch statistics and current operational state information.
GbE Switch Module. Levels of access to CLI, Web man-
Operators can make temporary changes on the
GbE Switch Module. These changes are lost
when the switch is rebooted/reset. Operators have access to the switch management fea­tures used for daily switch operations. Because any changes an operator makes are undone by a reset of the switch, operators cannot severely impact switch operation.
Administrators are the only ones that may make permanent changes to the switch configu-
ration—changes that are persistent across a reboot/reset of the switch. Administrators can access switch functions to configure and troubleshoot problems on the
GbE Switch Module.
Because administrators can also make temporary (operator-level) changes as well, they must be aware of the interactions between temporary and permanent changes.
Access to switch functions is controlled through the use of unique surnames and passwords. Once you are connected to the switch via local Telnet, remote Telnet, or SSH, you are prompted to enter a password. The default user names/password for each access level are listed in the following table.
NOTE – It is recommended that you change default switch passwords after initial configuration and as regularly as required under your network security po licies. For more information, see
“Setting Passwords” on page 43.
Table 1-2 User Access Levels
User Account Description and Tasks Performed Password
User The User has no direct responsibility for switch management.
Operator The Operator manages all functions of the switch. The
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user
He or she can view all switch status information and statistic s, but cannot make any configuration changes to the switch.
oper
Operator can reset ports, except the management port.
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Table 1-2 User Access Levels
User Account Description and Tasks Performed Password
Administrator
The superuser Administrator has complete access to al l menus, information, and configuration commands on the GbE Switch Module, including the ability to change both the user and administrator passwords.
admin
NOTE – With the exception of the “admin” user, access to each user level can be disabled by setting the password to an empty value.
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Setup Versus CLI
Once the administrator password is verified, you are given complete access to the switch. If the switch is still set to its factory default configuration, the system will ask whethe r you wish to run Setup (see Chapter 2, “First-Time Configuration”), a utility designed to help you through the first-time configuration process. If the switch has already been configured, the Main Menu of the CLI is displayed instead.
The following table shows the Main Menu with administrator privileges.
[Main Menu] info - Information Menu stats - Statistics Menu cfg - Configuration Menu oper - Operations Command Menu boot - Boot Options Menu maint - Maintenance Menu diff - Show pending config changes [global command] apply - Apply pending config changes [global command] save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command] revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command] exit - Exit [global command, always available]
NOTE – If you are accessing a user account, some menu options will not be available.
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Command Line History and Editing
For a description of global commands, shortcuts, and command line editing functions, see
“Menu Basics” on page 47.”
Idle Timeout
By default, the switch will disconnect your Telnet session after five minutes of inactivity. This function is controlled by the idle timeo ut par ameter, which can be set from 1 to 60 minutes. For information on changing this par ameter, see “System Configuration” on page 179.
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CHAPTER 2
First-Time Configuration
To help with the initial process of configuring your switch, the Alteon OS software includes a Setup utility. The Setup utility prompts you step-by-step to enter all the necessary information for basic configuration of the switch. This chapter describes how to use the Setup utility and how to change system passwords. Before you run Setup, you must first connect to the switch (see Chapter 1, “Connecting to the Switch”).
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Using the Setup Utility
Whenever you log in as the system administrator under the factory default configuration, you are asked whether you wish to run the Setup utility. Setup can also be activated manually from the command line interface any time after login.
Information Needed For Setup
Setup requests the following information:
Basic system information
Date & time Whether to use Spanning Tree Group or not
Optional configuration for each port
Speed, duplex, flow control, and negotiation mode (as appropriate) Whether to use VLAN tagging or not (as appropriate)
Optional configuration for each VLAN
Name of VLAN Which ports are included in the VLAN
Optional configuration of IP parameters
IP address, subnet mask, and VLAN for each IP interface IP addresses for default gateway Destination, subnet mask, and gateway IP address for each IP static route Whether IP forwarding is enabled or not Whether the RIP supply is enabled or not
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Starting Setup When You Log In
The Setup prompt appears automatically whenever you login as the system administrator under the factory default settings.
1. Connect to the switch.
After connecting, the login prompt will appear as shown below.
Enter Password:
2. Enter admin as the default administrator password.
If the factory default configuration is detected, the system prompts:
10Gb Uplink Ethernet Switch Module 18:44:05 Wed Jan 3, 2007
The switch is booted with factory default configuration. To ease the configuration of the switch, a "Set Up" facility which will prompt you with those configuration items that are essen tial to the operation of the switch is provided. Would you like to run "Set Up" to configure the switch? [y/n]:
NOTE – If the default admin login is unsuccessful, or if the administrator Main Menu appears instead, the system configuration has probably been changed from the factory default settings. If you are certain that you need to return the switch to its factory default settings, see “Select-
ing a Configuration Block” on page 346.
3. Enter
y to begin the initial configuration of the switch, or n to bypass the Setup facility.
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Stopping and Restarting Setup Manually
Stopping Setup
To abort the Setup utili ty, press <Ctrl-C> during any Setup question. When you abort Setup, the system will prompt:
Would you like to run from top again? [y/n]
Enter n to abort Setup, or y to restart the Setup program at the beginning.
Restarting Setup
You can restart the Setup utility manually at any time by entering the following command at the administrator prompt:
# /cfg/setup
Setup Part 1: Basic System Configuration
When Setup is started, the system prompts:
"Set Up" will walk you through the configuration of System Date and Time, Spanning Tree, Port Speed/Mode, VLANs, and IP interfaces. [type Ctrl-C to abort "Set Up"]
------------------------------------------------------------
Will you be configuring VLANs? [y/n]
1. Enter
If you decide not to configure VLANs during this session, you can configure them later using the configuration menus, or by restarting the Setup facility. For more information on configur­ing VLANs, see the Alteon OS 1.4 Application Guide.
Next, the Setup utility prompts you to input basic system information.
2. Enter the year of the current date at the prompt:
Enter the last two digits of the year as a number from 00 to 99. “00” is considered 2000. To keep the current year, press <Enter>.
y if you will be configuring VLANs. Otherwise enter n.
Enter year [2007]:
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NOTE – When the GbE Switch Module is reset, the date and time to revert to default values. Use /cfg/sys/date and /cfg/sys/time to re-enter the current date and time.
The system displays the date and time settings:
System clock set to 18:55:36 Wed Jan 3, 2007.
3. Enter the month of the current system date at the prompt:
System Date: Enter month [1]:
Enter the month as a number from 1 to 12. To keep the current month, press <Enter>.
4. Enter the day of the current date at the pr ompt :
Enter day [3]:
Enter the date as a number from 1 to 31. To keep the current day, press <Enter>.
5. Enter the hour of the current system time at the prompt:
System Time: Enter hour in 24-hour format [18]:
Enter the hour as a number from 00 to 23. To keep the current hour, press <Enter>.
6. Enter the minute of the current time at the prompt:
Enter minutes [55]:
Enter the minute as a number from 00 to 59. To keep the current minute, press <Enter>.
7. Enter the seconds of the current time at the pr ompt:
Enter seconds [37]:
Enter the seconds as a number from 00 to 59. To keep the current second, press <Enter>. The system displays the date and time settings:
System clock set to 8:55:36 Wed Jan 3, 2007.
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8. Turn Spanning Tree Protocol on or off at the prompt:
Spanning Tree: Current Spanning Tree Group 1 setting: ON Turn Spanning Tree Group 1 OFF? [y/n]
Enter
y to turn off Spanning Tree, or enter n to leave Spanning Tree on.
Setup Part 2: Port Configuration
NOTE – When configuring port options for your switch, some of the prompts and options may
be different.
1. Select the port to configure, or skip port configuration at the prompt:
Port Config: Enter port (INT1-14, MGT, EXT1-4):
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
If you wish to change settings for individual ports, enter the number of the port you wish to configure. To skip port configuration, press <Enter> without specifying any port and go to
“Setup Part 3: VLANs” on page 38.
2. Configure Gigabit Ethernet port flow parameters.
If you selected a port that has a Gigabit Ethernet connector, the system prompts:
Gig Link Configuration: Port Flow Control: Current Port EXT1 flow control setting: both Enter new value ["rx"/"tx"/"both"/"none"]:
Enter
rx to enable receive flow control, tx for transmit flow control, both to enable both, or
none to turn flow control off for the port. To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.
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3. Configure Gigabit Ethernet port autonegotiation mode.
If you selected a port that has a Gigabit Ethernet connector, the system prompts:
Port Auto Negotiation: Current Port EXT1 autonegotiation: on Enter new value ["on"/"off"]:
Enter on to enable port autonegotiation, off to disable it, or press <Enter> to keep the current setting.
4. If configuring VLANs, enable or disable VLAN tagging for the port.
If you have selected to configure VLANs back in Part 1, the system prompts:
Port VLAN tagging config (tagged port can be a member of multiple VLANs) Current TAG support: disabled Enter new TAG support [d/e]:
Enter
d to disable VLAN tagging for the port or enter e to enable VLAN tagging for the port.
To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.
5. The system prompts you to configure the next port:
Enter port (INT1-14, MGT, EXT1-4):
When you are through configuring ports, press <Enter> without specifying any port. Other­wise, repeat the steps in this section.
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Setup Part 3: VLANs
If you chose to skip VLANs configuration back in Part 1, skip to “Setup Part 4: IP Configura-
tion” on page 39.
1. Select the VLAN to configure, or skip VLAN configuration at the prompt:
VLAN Config: Enter VLAN number from 2 to 4094, NULL at end:
If you wish to change settings for individual VLANs, enter the number of the VLAN you wish to configure. T o skip VLAN configuration, press <Enter> without typing a VLAN number and go to “Setup Part 4: IP Configuration” on page 39.
2. Enter the new VLAN name at the prompt:
Current VLAN name: VLAN 2 Enter new VLAN name:
Entering a new VLAN name is optional. To use the pending new VLAN name, press <Enter>.
3. Enter the VLAN port numbers:
Define Ports in VLAN: Current VLAN 2: empty Enter ports one per line, NULL at end:
Enter each port, by port number or port alias, and confirm placement of the port into this VLAN. When you are finished adding ports to this VLAN, press <Enter> without specifying any port.
4. Configure Spanning Tree Group membership for the VLAN:
Spanning Tree Group membership: Current Spanning Tree Group index: 1 Enter new Spanning Tree Group index [1-127]:
5. The system prompts you to configure the next VLAN:
VLAN Config: Enter VLAN number from 2 to 4094, NULL at end:
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Repeat the steps in this section until all VLANs have been configured. When all VLANs have been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any VLAN.
Setup Part 4: IP Configuration
The system prompts for IP parameters.
IP Interfaces
IP interfaces are used for defining subnets to which the switch belongs. Up to 128 IP interfaces can be configured on the
GbE Switch Module. The IP address assigned to
each IP interface provide the switch with an IP presence on your network. No two IP interfaces can be on the same IP subnet. The interfaces can be used for connecting to the switch for remote configuration, and for routing between subnets and VLANs (if used).
1. Select the IP interface to configure, or skip interfac e configuration at the prompt:
IP Config:
IP interfaces: Enter interface number: (1-128)
If you wish to configure individual IP interfaces, enter the number of the IP interface you with to configure. To skip IP interface configuration, press <Enter> without typing an interface number and go to “Default Gateways” on page 40.
NOTE – Interface 128 is reserved for switch management. If you change the IP address of IF 128, you can lose the connection to the management module. Use the management module to change the IP address of the GbE Switch Module.
2. For the specified IP interface, enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation:
Current IP address: 0.0.0.0 Enter new IP address:
To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.
3. At the prompt, enter the IP subnet mask in dotted decimal notation:
Current subnet mask: 0.0.0.0 Enter new subnet mask:
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To keep the current setting, press <Enter>.
4. If configuring VLANs, specify a VLAN for the interface.
This prompt appears if you selected to configure VLANs back in Part 1:
Current VLAN: 1 Enter new VLAN [1-4094]:
Enter the number for the VLAN to which the interface belongs, or press <Enter> without spec­ifying a VLAN number to accept the current setting.
5. At the prompt, enter y to enable the IP interface, or n to leave it disabled:
Enable IP interface? [y/n]
6. The system prompts you to configure another interface:
Enter interface number: (1-128)
Repeat the steps in this section until all IP interfaces have been configured. When all interfaces have been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any interface number.
Default Gateways
1. At the prompt, select a default gateway for configuration, or skip default gateway config-
uration:
IP default gateways: Enter default gateway number: (1-4)
Enter the number for the default gateway to be configured. To skip default gateway configura­tion, press <Enter> without typing a gateway number and go to “IP Routing” on page 41.
2. At the prompt, enter the IP address for the selected default gateway:
Current IP address: 0.0.0.0 Enter new IP address:
Enter the IP address in dotted decimal notation, or press <Enter> without specifying an address to accept the current setting.
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3. At the prompt, enter y to enable the default gateway, or n to leave it disabl ed:
Enable default gateway? [y/n]
4. The system prompts you to configure another default gateway:
Enter default gateway number: (1-4)
Repeat the steps in this section until all default gateways have been configured. When all default gateways have been configured, press <Enter> without specifying any number.
IP Routing
When IP interfaces are configured for the various subnets attached to your switch, IP routing between them can be performed entirely within the switch. This eliminates the need to send inter-subnet communication to an external router device. Routing on more complex networks, where subnets may not have a direct presence on the through configuring static routes or by letting the switch learn routes dynamically.
GbE Switch Module, can be accomplished
This part of the Setup program prompts you to configure the various routing parameters.
1. At the prompt, enable or disable forwarding for IP Routing:
Enable IP forwarding? [y/n]
Enter
y to enable IP forwarding. To disable IP forwarding, enter n.To keep the current setting,
press <Enter>.
Setup Part 5: Final Steps
1. When prompted, decide whether to restart Setup or continu e :
Would you like to run from top again? [y/n]
Enter y to restart the Setup utility from the beginning, or n to continue.
2. When prompted, decide whether you wish to review the configuration changes:
Review the changes made? [y/n]
Enter
y to review the changes made during this session of the Setup utility . Enter n to continue
without reviewing the changes. We recommend that you review the changes.
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3. Next, decide whether to apply the changes at the prompt:
Apply the changes? [y/n]
y to apply the changes, or n to continue without applying. Changes are normally applied.
Enter
4. At the prompt, decide whether to make the changes permanent:
Save changes to flash? [y/n]
Enter
y to save the changes to flash. Enter n to continue without saving the changes. Changes
are normally saved at this point.
5. If you do not apply or save the changes, the system prompts whether to abort them:
Abort all changes? [y/n]
Enter
y to discard the changes. Enter n to return to the “Apply the changes?” prompt.
NOTE – After initial configuration is complete, it is recommended that you change the defaul t passwords as shown in “Setting Passwords” on page 43.
Optional Setup for Telnet Support
NOTE – This step is optional. Perform this procedure only if you are planning on connecting to
the GbE Switch Module through a remote Telnet connection.
1. Telnet is enabled by default. To change the setting, use the following command:
>> # /cfg/sys/access/tnet
2. Apply and save SNMP and /or telnet configuration(s).
>> System# apply >> System# save
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Setting Passwords
It is recommended that you change the user and administrator passwords after initial configu­ration and as regularly as required under your network security policies.
To chang e the admi nistrator password, you must login using the administrator password.
NOTE – If you forget your administrator password, call your technical support representative for help using the password fix-up mode.
Changing the Default Administrator Password
The administrator has complete access to all menus, information, and configuration com­mands, including the ability to change both the user and administrator passwords.
The default password for the administrator account is admin. T o change the default password, follow this procedure:
1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.
2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# /cfg
The Configuration Menu is displayed.
[Configuration Menu] sys - System-wide Parameter Menu port - Port Menu pmirr - Port Mirroring Menu l2 - Layer 2 Menu l3 - Layer 3 Menu qos - QOS Menu acl - Access Control List Menu setup - Step by step configuration set up dump - Dump current configuration to script file ptcfg - Backup current configuration to FTP/TFTP server gtcfg - Restore current configuration from FTP/TFTP server cur - Display current configuration
3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:
>> Configuration# sys
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The System Menu is displayed.
[System Menu] syslog - Syslog Menu sshd - SSH Server Menu radius - RADIUS Authentication Menu tacacs+ - TACACS+ Authentication Menu ldap - LDAP Authentication Menu ntp - NTP Server Menu ssnmp - System SNMP Menu access - System Access Menu date - Set system date time - Set system time timezone - Set system timezone (daylight savings) olddst - Set system DST for US dlight - Set system daylight savings idle - Set timeout for idle CLI sessions notice - Set login notice bannr - Set login banner hprompt - Enable/disable display hostname (sysName) in CLI prompt reminder - Enable/disable Reminders cur - Display current system-wide parameters
4. From the System Menu, use the following command to select the System Access Menu:
>> System# access
The System Access Menu is displayed.
[System Access Menu] mgmt - Management Network Definition Menu user - User Access Control Menu (passwords) http - Enable/disable HTTP (Web) access https - HTTPS Web Access Menu wport - Set HTTP (Web) server port number snmp - Set SNMP access control userbbi - Enable/disable user configuration from BBI tsbbi - Enable/disable telnet/ssh configuration from BBI tnet - Enable/disable Telnet access tnport - Set Telnet server port number tport - Set the TFTP Port for the system cur - Display current system access configuration
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5. Select the administrator password.
System Access# user/admpw
6. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt:
Changing ADMINISTRATOR password; validation required... Enter current administrator password:
NOTE – If you forget your administrator password, call your technical support representative for help using the password fix-up mode.
7. Enter the new administrator password at the prompt:
Enter new administrator password:
8. Enter the new administrator password, again, at the prompt:
Re-enter new administrator password:
9. Apply and save your change by entering the following commands:
System# apply System# save
Changing the Default User Password
The user login has limited control of the switch. Through a user account, you can view switch information and statistics, but you can’t make configuration changes.
The default password for the user account is user. This password can be changed from the user account. The administrator can change all passwords, as shown in the following proce­dure.
1. Connect to the switch and log in using the admin password.
2. From the Main Menu, use the following command to access the Configuration Menu:
Main# cfg
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3. From the Configuration Menu, use the following command to select the System Menu:
>> Configuration# sys
4. From the System Menu, use the following command to select the System Access Menu:
>> System# access
5. Select the user password.
System# user/usrpw
6. Enter the current administrator password at the prompt.
Only the administrator can change the user password. Entering the administrator password confirms your authority.
Changing USER password; validation required... Enter current administrator password:
7. Enter the new user password at the prompt:
Enter new user password:
8. Enter the new user password, again, at the prompt:
Re-enter new user password:
9. Apply and save your changes:
System# apply System# save
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CHAPTER 3
Menu Basics
The GbE Switch Module’s Command Line Interface (CLI) is used for viewing switch informa­tion and statistics. In addition, the administrator can use the CLI for performing all levels of switch configuration.
To make the CLI easy to use, the various commands have been logically grouped into a series of menus and sub-menus. Each menu displays a list of commands and/or sub-menus that are available, along with a summary of what each command will do. Below each menu is a prompt where you can enter any command appropriate to the current menu.
This chapter describes the Main Menu commands, and provides a list of commands and short­cuts that are commonly available from all the menus within the CLI.
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The Main Menu
The Main Menu appears after a successful connection and login. The following table shows the Main Menu for the administrator login. Some features are not available under the user login.
[Main Menu] info - Information Menu stats - Statistics Menu cfg - Configuration Menu oper - Operations Command Menu boot - Boot Options Menu maint - Maintenance Menu diff - Show pending config changes [global command] apply - Apply pending config changes [global command] save - Save updated config to FLASH [global command] revert - Revert pending or applied changes [global command] exit - Exit [global command, always available]
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Menu Summary
Information Menu
Provides sub-menus for displaying information about the current status of the switch: from basic system settings to VLANs, and more.
Statistics Menu
Provides sub-menus for displaying switch performance statistics. Included are port, IF, IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP , SNMP, routing, ARP, DNS, and VRRP statistics.
Configuration Menu
This menu is available only from an administrator login. It includes sub-menus for config­uring every aspect of the switch. Changes to configuration are not active until explicitly applied. Changes can be saved to non-volatile memory.
Operations Command Menu
Operations-level commands are used for making immediate and temporary changes to switch configuration. This menu is used for bringing ports temporarily in and out of ser­vice, performing port mirroring, and enabling or disabling Server Load Balancing func­tions. It is also used for activating or deactivating optional software packages.
Boot Options Menu
This menu is used for upgrading switch software, selecting configuration blocks, and for resetting the switch when necessary.
Maintenance Menu
This menu is used for debugging purposes, enabling you to generate a dump of the critical state information in the switch, and to clear entries in the forwarding database and the ARP and routing tables.
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Global Commands
Some basic commands are recognized throughout the menu hierarchy. These commands are useful for obtaining online help, navigating through menus, and for applying and saving con­figuration changes.
For help on a specific command, type help. You will see the following screen:
Global Commands: [can be issued from any menu] help up print pwd lines verbose exit quit diff apply save revert revert apply ping traceroute telnet history pushd popd who chpass_p chpass_s
The following are used to navigate the menu structure: . Print current menu .. Move up one menu level / Top menu if first, or command separator ! Execute command from history
Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands
Command Action
? command or help
. or print Display the current menu. .. or up Go up one level in the menu structure. / If placed at the beginning of a command, go to the Main Menu. Otherwise,
lines Set the number of lines (n) that display on the screen at one time. T he default
diff Show any pending configuration changes. apply Apply pending configuration changes. save Write configuration changes to non-volatile flash memory.
Provides more information about a specific command on the current menu. When used without the command parameter, a summary of the global com­mands is displayed.
this is used to separate multiple commands placed on the sam e line .
is 24 lines. When used without a value, the current setting is displayed. Set lines to a value of 0 (zero) to disable pagination.
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Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands
Command Action
revert Remove pending configuration changes between “apply” commands. Use
this command to restore configuration parameters set since last apply.
revert apply Remove pending or applied configuration changes between “save” com-
mands. Use this command to remove any configuration changes made since last save.
exit or quit Exit from the command line interface and log out. ping Use this command to verify station-to-station connectivity across the net-
work. The format is as follows: ping <host name>|<IP address> [tries (1-32)> [msec delay]] Where IP address is the hostname or IP address of the device, tries (optional) is the number of attempts (1-32), msec delay (optional) is the number of mil­liseconds between attempts. The DNS parameters must be configured if specifying hostnames (see “Domain Name System Configuration” on page
297).
traceroute Use this command to identify the route used for station-to-station connectiv-
ity across the network. The format is as follows:
traceroute <host name>| <IP address> [<max-hops (1-32)>
[msec delay]]
Where IP address is the hostname or IP address of the target station, max­hops (optional) is the maximum distance to trace (1-16 devices), and delay
(optional) is the number of milliseconds for wait for the response. As with ping, the DNS parameters must be configured if specifying hostnames.
pwd Display the command path used to reach the current menu. verbose n Sets the level of information displayed on the screen:
0 =Quiet: Nothing appears except errors—not even prompts. 1 =Normal: Prompts and requested output are shown, but no menus. 2 =Verbose: Everything is shown.
When used without a value, the current setting is displayed.
telnet This command is used to telnet out of the switch. The format is as follows:
telnet <hostname>|<IP address>
[port]
Where IP address is the hostname or IP address of the device.
history This command displays the most recent commands. pushd Save the current menu path, so you can jump back to it using popd. popd Go to the menu path and position previously saved by using pushd. who Displays a list of users that are logged on to the switch. chpass_p Configures the password for the primary TACACS+ server.
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Table 3-1 Description of Global Commands
Command Action
chpass_s Configures the password for the secondary TACACS+ server.
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Command Line History and Editing
Using the command line interface, you can retrieve and modify previously entered commands with just a few keystrokes. The following options are available globally at the command line:
Table 3-2 Command Line History and Editing Options
Option Description
history Display a numbered list of the last 64 previously entered commands. !! Repeat the last entered command. !n
<Ctrl-p> (Also the up arrow key.) Recall the previous command from the history list. This can
<Ctrl-n> (Also the down arrow key .) Recall the next command from the history list. This can be
<Ctrl-a> Move the cursor to the beginning of command line. <Ctrl-e> Move cursor to the end of the command line. <Ctrl-b> (Also the left arrow key.) Move the cursor back one position to the left. <Ctrl-f> (Also the right arrow key.) Move the cursor forward one position to the right. <Backspace> (Also the Delete key.) Erase one character to the left of the cursor position. <Ctrl-d> Delete one character at the cursor position. <Ctrl-k> Kill (erase) all characters from the cursor position to the end of the command line. <Ctrl-l> Redraw the screen. <Ctrl-u> Clear the entire line.
Repeat the nth command shown on the history list.
be used multiple times to work backward through the last 64 commands. The recalled command can be entered as is, or edited using the options below.
used multiple times to work forward through the last 64 commands. The recalled com­mand can be entered as is, or edited using the options below.
Other keys Insert new characters at the cursor position.
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Command Line Interface Shortcuts
Command Stacking
As a shortcut, you can type multiple commands on a single line, separated by forward slashes (/). You can connect as many commands as required to access the menu option that you want. For example, the keyboard shortcut to access the Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu from the Main# prompt is as follows:
Main# cfg/l2/stg 1/port
Command Abbreviation
Most commands can be abbreviated by entering the first characters which distinguish the com­mand from the others in the same menu or sub-menu. For example, the command shown above could also be entered as follows:
Main# c/l2/stg 1/po
Tab Completion
By entering the first letter of a command at any menu prompt and hitting <Tab>, the CLI will display all commands or options in that menu that begin with that letter. Entering additional letters will further refine the list of commands or options displayed. If only one command fits the input text when <Tab> is pressed, that command will be supplied on the command line, waiting to be entered. If the <Tab> key is pressed without any input on the command line, the currently active menu will be displayed.
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CHAPTER 4
The Information Menu
You can view configuration information for the switch in both the user and administrator command modes. This chapter discusses how to use the command line interface to display switch infor-
mation.
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/info
Information Menu
[Information Menu] sys - System Information Menu l2 - Layer 2 Information Menu l3 - Layer 3 Information Menu qos - QoS Menu acl - Show ACL information link - Show link status port - Show port information transcvr - Show Port Transceiver status dump - Dump all information
The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-1, with pointers to detailed information.
Table 4-1 Information Menu Options (/info)
Command Syntax and Usage
sys
Displays the System Information Menu. For details, see page 58.
l2
Displays the Layer 2 Information Menu. For details, see page 74.
l3
Displays the Layer 3 Information Menu. For details, see page 95.
qos
Displays the Quality of Service (QoS) Information Menu. For details, see page 117.
acl
Displays the current configuration profile for each Access Control List (ACL) and ACL Group. For details, see page 119.
link
Displays configuration information about each port, including:
Port alias and numberPort speed Duplex mode (half, full, or auto)Flow control for transmit and receive (no or yes)Link status (up, down or disabled)
For details, see page 120.
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Table 4-1 Information Menu Options (/info)
Command Syntax and Usage
port
Displays port status information, including:
Port alias and numberWhether the port uses VLAN Tagging or not Port Fast Fowarding statusFDB Learning statusFlooding of unknown destin ation MAC statusPort VLAN ID (PVID)Port nameVLAN membership
For details, see page 121.
transcvr
Displays the status of the port transceiver module on each Fiber External Port. For details, see page 123.
dump
Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more, depending on your configuration).
If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.
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/info/sys
System Information
[System Menu] snmpv3 - SNMPv3 Information Menu chassis - Show BladeCenter Chassis related information general - Show general system information log - Show last 100 syslog messages user - Show current user status dump - Dump all system information
The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-2, with pointers to where detailed information can be found.
Table 4-2 System Menu Options (/info/sys)
Command Syntax and Usage
snmpv3
Displays SNMPv3 Information Menu. To view the menu options, see page 59.
chassis
Displays information about the BladeCenter chassis. For details, see page 69.
general
Displays system information, including:
System date and timeSwitch model name and numberSwitch name and locationTime of last bootMAC address of the switch management processorIP address of the management interfaceHardware version and part numberSoftware image file and version numberConfiguration nameLog-in banner, if one is configured
For details, see page 70.
log
Displays most recent syslog messages. For details, see page 72.
user
Displays configured user names and their status. For details, see page 73.
dump
Dumps all switch information available from the Information Menu (10K or more, depending on your configuration).
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/info/sys/snmpv3
SNMPv3 System Information Menu
SNMP version 3 (SNMPv3) is an extensible SNMP Framework that supplements the SNMPv2 Framework by supporting the following:
a new SNMP message format security for messages access control remote configuration of SNMP parameters
For more details on the SNMPv3 architecture please refer to RFC2271 to RFC2276.
[SNMPv3 Information Menu] usm - Show usmUser table information view - Show vacmViewTreeFamily table information access - Show vacmAccess table information group - Show vacmSecurityToGroup table information comm - Show community table information taddr - Show targetAddr table information tparam - Show targetParams table information notify - Show notify table information dump - Show all SNMPv3 information
Table 4-3 SNMPv3 information Menu Options (/info/sys/snmpv3)
Command Syntax and Usage
usm
Displays User Security Model (USM) table information. To view the table, see page 61.
view
Displays information about view , sub-trees, mask and type of view. To view a sample, see page 62.
access
Displays View-based Access Control information. To view a sample, see page 63.
group
Displays information about the group that includes, the security model, user name, and group name. To view a sample, see page 64.
comm
Displays information about the community table information. To view a sample, see page 64.
taddr
Displays the Target Address table information. To view a sample, see page 65.
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Table 4-3 SNMPv3 information Menu Options (/info/sys/snmpv3)
Command Syntax and Usage
tparam
Displays the Target parameters table information. To view a sample, see page 66.
notify
Displays the Notify table information. To view a sample, see page 67.
dump
Displays all the SNMPv3 information. To view a sample, see page 68.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/usm
SNMPv3 USM User Table Information
The User-based Security Model (USM) in SNMPv3 provides security services such as authen­tication and privacy of messages. This security model makes use of a defined set of user iden­tities displayed in the USM user table. The USM user table contains the following information:
the user name a security name in the form of a string whose format is independent of the Security Model an authentication protocol, which is an indication that the messages sent on behalf of the
user can be authenticated
the privacy protocol
usmUser Table: User Name Protocol
-------------------------------- -------------------------------­adminmd5 HMAC_MD5, DES PRIVACY adminsha HMAC_SHA, DES PRIVACY v1v2only NO AUTH, NO PRIVACY
Table 4-4 USM User Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/usm)
Field Description
User Name This is a string that represents the name of the user that you can
use to access the switch.
Protocol This indicates whether messages sent on behalf of this user are
protected from disclosure using a privacy protocol. Alteon OS supports DES algorithm for privacy. The software also supports two authentication algorithms: MD5 and HMAC-SHA.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/view
SNMPv3 View Table Information
The user can control and restrict the access allowed to a group to only a subset of the manage­ment information in the management domain that the group can access within each context by specifying the group’s rights in terms of a particular MIB view for security reasons.
View Name Subtree Mask Type
----------------- ------------------ -------------- -------­iso 1.3 included v1v2only 1.3 included v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.15 excluded v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.16 excluded v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.18 excluded
Table 4-5 SNMPv3 View Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/view)
Field Description
View Name Displays the name of the view. Subtree Displays the MIB subtree as an OID string. A view subtree is the set
of all MIB object instances which have a common Object Identifier prefix to their names.
Mask Displays the bit mask. Type Displays whether a family of view subtrees is included or
excluded from the MIB view.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/access
SNMPv3 Access Table Information
The access control sub system provides authorization services. The vacmAccessTable maps a group name, security information, a context, and a message
type, which could be the read or write type of operation or notification into a MIB view. The V iew-based Access Control Model defines a set of services that an application can use for
checking access rights of a group. This group's access rights are determined by a read-view, a write-view and a notify-view. The read-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group while reading the objects. The write-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group when writing objects. The notify-view represents the set of object instances authorized for the group when sending a notification.
Group Name Prefix Model Level Match ReadV WriteV NotifyV
---------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ----­v1v2grp snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv exact iso iso v1v2only admingrp usm authPriv exact iso iso iso
Table 4-6 SNMPv3 Access Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/access)
Field Description
Group Name Displays the name of group. Prefix Displays the prefix that is configured to match the values. Model Displays the security model used, for example, SNMPv1, or
SNMPv2 or USM.
Level Displays the minimum level of security required to gain rights of
access. For example, noAuthNoPriv, authNoPriv, or auth-
Priv.
Match Displays the match for the contextName. The options are: exact
and prefix.
ReadV Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the read
access.
WriteV Displays the MIB view to which this entry authorizes the write
access.
NotifyV Displays the Notify view to which this entry authorizes the notify
access.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/group
SNMPv3 Group Table Information
A group is a combination of security model and security name that defines the access rights assigned to all the security names belonging to that group. The group is identified by a group name.
Sec Model User Name Group Name
---------- ------------------------------- -------------------­snmpv1 v1v2only v1v2grp usm adminmd5 admingrp usm adminsha admingrp
Table 4-7
Field Description
Sec Model Displays the security model used, which is any one of: USM,
User Name Displays the name for the group. Group Name Displays the access name of the group.
SNMPv3 Group Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/group)
SNMPv1, SNMPv2, and SNMPv3.
/info/sys/snmpv3/comm
SNMPv3 Community Table Information
This command displays the community table information stored in the SNMP engine.
Index Name User Name Tag
---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------­trap1 public v1v2only v1v2trap
Table 4-8 SNMPv3 Community Table Parameters (/info/sys/snmpv3/comm)
Field Description
Index Displays the unique index value of a row in this table Name Displays the community string, which represents the configuration. User Name Displays the User Security Model (USM) user name.
Tag
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Displays the community tag. This tag specifies a set of transport endpoints from which a command responder application accepts management requests and to which a command responder applica­tion sends an SNMP trap.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/taddr
SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information
This command displays the SNMPv3 target address table information, which is stored in the SNMP engine.
Name Transport Addr Port Taglist Params
---------- --------------- ---- ---------- --------------­trap1 47.81.25.66 162 v1v2trap v1v2param
Table 4-9 SNMPv3 Target Address Table Information Parameters (/info/sys/ snmpv3/taddr)
Field Description
Name Displays the locally arbitrary, but unique identifier associated with
this snmpTargetAddrEntry.
Transport Addr Displays the transport addresses. Port Displays the SNMP UDP port number. Taglist This column contains a list of tag values which a re used to select tar-
get addresses for a particular SNMP message.
Params The value of this object identifies an entry in the snmpTargetParam-
sT able. The identified entry contains SNMP parameters to be used when generating messages to be sent to this transport address.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/tparam
SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information
Name MP Model User Name Sec Model Sec Level
--------------- -------- -------------- --------- --------­v1v2param snmpv2c v1v2only snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv
Table 4-10 SNMPv3 Target Parameters Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/ tparam)
Field Description
Name Displays the locally arbitrary, but unique identifier associated with
MP Model Displays the Message Processing Model used when generating
User Name Displays the securityName, which identifies the entry on whose
this snmpTargeParamsEntry.
SNMP messages using this entry .
behalf SNMP messages will be generated using this entry.
Sec Model Displays the security model used when generating SNMP messages
using this entry. The system may choose to return an inconsis- tentValue error if an attempt is made to set this variable to a value for a security model which the system does not support.
Sec Level Displays the level of security used when generating SNMP mes-
sages using this entry.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/notify
SNMPv3 Notify Table Information
Name Tag
-------------------- -------------------­v1v2trap v1v2trap
Table 4-11 SNMPv3 Notify Table Information (/info/sys/snmpv3/notify)
Field Description
Name The locally arbitrary , but unique identifier associated with this
snmpNotifyEntry.
Tag This represents a single tag value which is used to select entries in
the snmpTargetAddrTable. Any entry in the snmpTar­getAddrTable that contains a tag value equal to the value of this
entry, is selected. If this entry contains a value of zero length, no entries are selected.
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/info/sys/snmpv3/dump
SNMPv3 Dump Information
usmUser Table: User Name Protocol
-------------------------------- -------------------------------­adminmd5 HMAC_MD5, DES PRIVACY adminsha HMAC_SHA, DES PRIVACY v1v2only NO AUTH, NO PRIVACY
vacmAccess Table: Group Name Prefix Model Level Match ReadV WriteV NotifyV
---------- ------ ------- ---------- ------ ------- -------- -----­v1v2grp snmpv1 noAuthNoPriv exact iso iso v1v2only admingrp usm authPriv exact iso iso iso
vacmViewTreeFamily Table: View Name Subtree Mask Type
-------------------- --------------- ------------ -------------­iso 1.3 included v1v2only 1.3 included v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.15 excluded v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.16 excluded v1v2only 1.3.6.1.6.3.18 excluded
vacmSecurityToGroup Table: Sec Model User Name Group Name
---------- ------------------------------- ----------------------­snmpv1 v1v2only v1v2grp usm adminsha admingrp
snmpCommunity Table: Index Name User Name Tag
---------- ---------- -------------------- ---------­snmpNotify Table: Name Tag
-------------------- -------------------­snmpTargetAddr Table: Name Transport Addr Port Taglist Params
---------- --------------- ---- ---------- --------------­snmpTargetParams Table: Name MP Model User Name Sec Model Sec Level
-------------------- -------- ------------------ --------- -------
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info/sys/chassis
BladeCenter Chassis Information
IBM BladeCenter Chassis Related Information:
Switch Module Bay = 1 Chassis Type = Enterprise POST Results = 0xff
Management Module Control -
Default Configuration = FALSE Skip Extended Memory Test = FALSE Disable External Ports = FALSE POST Diagnostics Control = Normal Diagnostics
Control Register = 0x19 Extended Control Register = 0x00
Management Module Status Reporting -
Device PowerUp Complete = TRUE Over Current Fault = FALSE Fault LED = OFF Primary Temperature Warning = OK Secondary Temperature Warning = OK
Status Register = 0x40 Extended Status Register = 0x01
Chassis information includes details about the BladeCenter chassis and management module settings.
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/info/sys/general
General System Information
System Information at 0:16:42 Wed Jan 3, 2007 Time zone: No timezone configured
Nortel 10Gb Uplink Ethernet Switch Module
Switch is up 5 days, 2 hours, 16 minutes and 42 seconds. Last boot: 0:00:47 Wed Jan 3, 2007 (power cycle)
MAC address: 00:11:58:ad:a3:00 Management IP Address (if 128):
10.90.90.97 Software Version 1.2.0 (FLASH image1), factory default configura­tion.
PCBA Part Number: 317857-A FAB Number: EL4512011 Serial Number: YJ1WDW47N277 Manufacturing Date: Hardware Revision: 0 Board Revision: 0 PLD Firmware Version: 5.0
Temperature Sensor 1 (Warning): 42.5 C (Warn at 85.0 C/ Recover at 79.0 C) Temperature Sensor 2 (Shutdown): 44.0 C (Warn at 93.0 C/ Recover at 86.0 C) Temperature Sensor 3 (Exhaust): 42.5 C Temperature Sensor 4 (Inlet): 42.5 C
Switch is in I/O Module Bay 0
NOTE – The display of temperature will come up only if the temperature of any of the sensors exceeds the temperature threshold. There will be a warning from the software if any of the sen­sors exceeds this temperature threshold. The switch will shut down if the power supply over­heats.
System information includes:
System date and time Switch model Switch name and location Time of last boot MAC address of the switch management processor
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IP address of IP interface #1 Hardware version and part number Software image file and version number Configuration name Log-in banner, if one is configured
Alteon OS Command Reference
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/info/sys/log
Show Recent Syslog Messages
Date Time Criticality level Message Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT8 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT7 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT2 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT4 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT5 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT4 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT1 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT3 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port EXT2 Jul 8 17:25:41 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT2 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT4 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT3 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT5 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT1 Jul 8 17:25:42 NOTICE system: link up on port INT6
Each syslog message has a criticality level associated with it, included in text form as a prefix to the log message. One of eight different prefixes is used, depending on the condition that the administrator is being notif i ed of, as shown below.
EMERG: indicates the system is unusable ALERT: Indicates action should be taken immediately CRIT: Indicates critical conditions ERR: indicates error conditions or errored operations WARNING: indicates warning conditions NOTICE: indicates a normal but significant condition INFO: indicates an information message DEBUG: indicates a debug-level message
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/info/sys/user
User Status
Usernames: user - enabled - offline oper - disabled - offline admin - Always Enabled - online 1 session Current User ID table: 1: name paul , dis, cos user , password valid, offline Current strong password settings: strong password status: disabled
This command displays the status of the configured usernames.
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/info/l2
Layer 2 Information
[Layer 2 Menu] fdb - Forwarding Database Information Menu lacp - Link Aggregation Control Protocol Menu gvrp - GVRP information Menu 8021x - Show 802.1x information stg - Show STP information cist - Show CIST information trunk - Show Trunk Group information vlan - Show VLAN information gen - Show general information dump - Dump all layer 2 information
The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-12, with point- ers to where detailed information can be found.
Table 4-12 Layer 2 Menu Options (/info/l2)
Command Syntax and Usage
fdb
Displays the Forwarding Database Information Menu. For details, see page 76.
lacp
Displays the Link Aggregation Control Protocol Menu. For details, see page 78.
gvrp
Displays the GVRP Menu. For details, see page 79.
8021x
Displays the 802.1x Information Menu. For details, see page 83.
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Table 4-12 Layer 2 Men u Optio ns (/info/l2)
Command Syntax and Usage
stg
In addition to seeing if STG is enabled or disabled, you can view the following STG bridge infor­mation:
PriorityHello intervalMaximum age valueForwarding delayAging time
You can also see the following port-specific STG information:
Port al ias and priorityCostState
For details, see page 85.
cist
Displays Common internal Spanning Tree (CIST) bridge information, including the following:
PriorityHello intervalMaximum age valueForwarding delay
You can also view port-specific CIST information, including the following:
Port number and priorityCostState
For details, see page 91.
trunk
When trunk groups are configured, you can view the state of each port in the various trunk groups. For details, see page 93.
vlan
Displays VLAN configuration information, including:
VLAN NumberVLAN NameStatusPort memb ership of the VLAN
For details, see page 94.
gen
Displays general Layer 2 information.
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Table 4-12 Layer 2 Menu Options (/info/l2)
Command Syntax and Usage
dump
Dumps all switch information available from the Layer 2 menu (10K or more, depending on your configuration).
If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.
/info/l2/fdb
FDB Information
[Forwarding Database Menu] find - Show a single FDB entry by MAC address port - Show FDB entries on a single port vlan - Show FDB entries on a single VLAN state - Show FDB entries by state dump - Show all FDB entries
The forwarding database (FDB) contains information that maps the media access control (MAC) address of each known device to the switch port where the device address was learned. The FDB also shows which other ports have seen frames destined for a particular MAC address.
NOTE – The master forwarding database supports up to 16K MAC address entries on the MP per switch.
Table 4-13 FDB Information Menu Options (/info/l2/fdb)
Command Syntax and Usage
find <MAC address> [<VLAN>]
Displays a single database entry by its MAC address. You are prompted to enter the MAC address of the device. Enter the MAC address using the format, xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx. For example, 08:00:20:12:34:56.
You can also enter the MAC address using the format, xxxxxxxxxxxx. For example, 080020123456.
port <port number or alias>
Displays all FDB entries for a particular port.
vlan <VLAN number (1-4095)>
Displays all FDB entries on a single VLAN.
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Table 4-13 FDB Information Menu Options (/info/l2/fdb)
Command Syntax and Usage
state unknown|ignore|forward|flood|trunk|ifmac
Displays all FDB entries of a particular state.
dump
Displays all entries in the Forwarding Database. For more informati on, see page 77.
/info/l2/fdb/dump
Show All FDB Information
MAC address VLAN Port Trnk State
----------------- ---- ---- ---- ----­ 00:04:38:90:54:18 1 EXT4 FWD 00:09:6b:9b:01:5f 1 INT13 FWD 00:09:6b:ca:26:ef 4095 MGT FWD 00:0f:06:ec:3b:00 4095 MGT FWD 00:11:43:c4:79:83 1 EXT4 FWD 00:11:f9:36:71:00 4095 MGT FWD 00:13:0a:4d:3c:00 4095 MGT FWD
Alteon OS Command Reference
An address that is in the forwarding (FWD) state, means that it has been learned by the switch. When in the trunking (TRK) state, the port field represents the trunk group number. If the state for the port is listed as unknown (UNK), the MAC address has not yet been learned by the switch, but has only been seen as a destination address. When an address is in the unknown state, no outbound port is indicated, although ports which reference the address as a destination will be listed under “Reference ports.”
If the state for the port is listed as an interface (IF), the MAC address is for a standard VRRP virtual router.
Clearing Entries from the Forwarding Database
T o delete a MAC address from the forwarding database (FDB) or to clear the entire FDB, refer to “Forwarding Database Maintenance” on page 353.
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/info/l2/lacp
Link Aggregation Control Protocol Information
[LACP Menu] aggr - Show LACP aggregator information for the port port - Show LACP port information dump - Show all LACP ports information
Use these commands to display Link Aggregation Protocol (LACP) status information about each port on the
Table 4-14 LACP Menu Options (/info/l2/lacp)
Command Syntax and Usage
aggr
Displays detailed information of the LACP aggregator used by the selected port.
port
Displays LACP information about the selected port.
GbE Switch Module.
dump
Displays a summary of LACP information. For details, see page 78.
/info/l2/lacp/dump
Show all LACP Information
port lacp adminkey operkey selected prio attached trunk aggr
---------------------------------------------------------------­INT1 active 30 30 y 32768 17 19 INT2 active 30 30 y 32768 17 19 INT3 off 19 19 n 32768 -- -­INT4 off 20 20 n 32768 -- -­...
LACP dump includes the following information for each external port in the GbESM:
lacp
Displays the port’s LACP mode (active, passive, or off)
adminkey
Displays the value of the port’s adminkey.
operkey
Shows the value of the port’s operational key.
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selected
Indicates whether the port has been selected to be part of a Link Aggregation Group.
prio
Shows the value of the port priority.
attached aggr
Displays the aggregator associated with each port.
trunk
This value represents the LACP trunk group number.
info/l2/gvrp
GVRP Information
[GVRP Information Menu] gvr - Display GVRP status gvd - Display GVD database gid - Display GID state machines ring - Display GID port ring dump - Display all GVRP information
Alteon OS Command Reference
Use these commands to display Generic VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) status informa­tion for the
GbE Switch Module.
Table 4-15 GVRP Information Menu Options (/info/l2/gvrp)
Command Syntax and Usage
gvr
Displays general GVRP status information.
gvd
Displays GVRP VLAN database information. For details, see page 80.
gid
Displays GARP Information Declaration (GID) information. For details, see page 81.
ring
Displays information about the GID port ring. For details, see page 82.
dump
Displays a summary of GVRP information.
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info/l2/gvrp/gvd
Show GVRP VLAN Database Information
GVRP (ENABLED) VLAN DATABASE ============================ VLAN 1, registration state FIXED static ports INT1-INT14 EXT1-EXT4 dynamic ports empty
VLAN 10, registration state NORMAL static ports empty dynamic ports INT2 EXT4
The GVRP VLAN Database table provides basic GVRP information for each VLAN, as follows:
GVRP Registration state:
Normal: The VLAN responds normally to GVRP registration information. Dynamic
VLANs have a normal registration state.
Fixed: The VLAN ignores GVRP registration information. Static VLANs have a
fixed registration state.
Forbidden: The VLAN does not participate in GVRP.
NOTE – Management VLAN 4095 is not registered in GVRP. The switch declines any Join request received for VLAN 4095, and generates a syslog message.
Static port members Dynamic port members
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info/l2/gvrp/gid
Show GID State Machine Information
GID machines for VLAN 10, index 2, gvrp_state: NORMAL
in_use: TRUE - enabled: TRUE Static ports: empty Dynamic ports: INT2 EXT4 Combined ports: INT2 EXT4 Port App Reg|Port App Reg|Port App Reg|Port App Reg|Port App Reg|
-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| INT1 - - |INT2 QA INn|INT3 - - |INT4 - - |INT5 - - |
-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| INT6 - - |INT7 - - |INT8 - - |INT9 - - |INT10 - - |
-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| INT11 - - |INT12 - - |INT13 - - |INT14 - - |EXT1 - - |
-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------|-------------| EXT2 - - |EXT3 - - |EXT4 QA INn|
-------------|-------------|-------------|
For each GVRP-registered VLAN, the GID State Machine table indicates the GVRP participa­tion of switch ports. It also displays the ports’ current Applicant and Registrar states.
Ta ble 4-16 lists the possible GVRP applicant states for the port. The GVRP port’s Applicant
transitions from one state to another as it processes GPDUs.
Table 4-16 GVRP Port Applicant States
State Description
VA Very anxious, Active member
AA Anxious, Active member QA Quiet, Active member LA Leaving, Active member VP Very anxious, Passive member AP Anxious, Passive member QP Quiet, Passive member VO Very anxious, Observer AO Anxious, Observer QO Quiet, Observer LO Leaving, Observer
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Ta ble 4-17 lists the possible GVRP registrar states for the port. The registrar receives GVRP
messages from other GVRP participants on the network. Registrar states are further defined as follows:
Normal registration: The registrar responds normally to incoming GPDUs.
Corresponding states are displayed as INn, LV, and MT.
Fixed registration: The registrar ignores all GPDUs, and remains in the IN state.
Corresponding states are displayed as INr, LVr, and MTr.
Forbidden registration: The registrar ignores all GPDUs, and remains in the MT state.
Corresponding states are displayed as INf, LVf, and MTf.
Table 4-17 GVRP Port Registrar States
State Description
IN The GVRP port’s Registrar has registered with the VLAN on this network. LV The GVRP port’s Registrar has received a Leave message. The registrar is
timing out the GVRP registration on the VLAN. If there is no declaration for this VLAN before the Leave timer expires, the Registrar state becomes MT (empty).
MT The GVRP port’s Registrar has withdraw n from this VLAN o n this network.
info/l2/gvrp/ring
Show GID Port Ring Information
PORT RING ========= port EXT4, enabled, connected port EXT3, enabled, connected
The port ring table shows whether individual ports are participating in GVRP (as shown above), or if the ports are members of a trunk group (as shown below).
PORT RING ========= trunk 1, enabled, connected
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/info/l2/8021x
802.1x Information
System capability : Authenticator System status : disabled Protocol version : 1 Authenticator Backend Port Auth Mode Auth Status PAE State Auth State
----- ------------ ------------ -------------- ---------­ INT1 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT2 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT3 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT4 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT5 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT6 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT7 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT8 force-auth authorized initialize initialize INT9 force-auth authorized initialize initialize INT10 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT11 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT12 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT13 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *INT14 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *MGT force-auth authorized initialize initialize EXT1 force-auth authorized initialize initialize EXT2 force-auth authorized initialize initialize *EXT3 force-auth authorized initialize initialize EXT4 force-auth authorized initialize initialize
-----------------------------------------------------------------­* - Port down or disabled
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
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The following table describes the IEEE 802.1x parameters.
Table 4-18 802.1x Parameter Descriptions (/info/l2/8021x)
Parameter Description
Port Displays each port’s alias.
Auth Mode Displays the Access Control authorization mode for the port. The Authoriza-
Auth Status Displays the current authorization status of the port, either authorized or
tion mode can be one of the following:
force-unauthautoforce-auth
unauthorized.
Authenticator PAE State
Backend Auth State
Displays the Authenticator Port Access Entity State. The PAE state can be one of the following:
initializedisconnectedconnectingauthenticatingauthenticatedabortingheldforceAuth
Displays the Backend Authorization State. The Backend Authorization state can be one of the following:
initializerequestresponsesuccessfailtimeoutidle
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/info/l2/stg
Spanning Tree Information
-----------------------------------------------------------------­upfast disabled, update 40
-----------------------------------------------------------------­Spanning Tree Group 1: On (STP/PVST+) Static VLANs: 1 10 Dynamic VLANs: 30
Current Root: Path-Cost Port Hello MaxAge FwdDel 8000 00:16:60:f9:1e:00 0 (null) 2 20 15
Parameters: Priority Hello MaxAge FwdDel Aging 32768 2 20 15 300
Port Priority Cost FastFwd State Designated Bridge Des Port
---- -------- ---- -------- ------- --------------------- -------­INT1 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT2 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT3 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT4 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT5 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT6 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT7 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT8 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT9 0 0 n DISABLED * INT10 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT11 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT12 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT13 0 0 n FORWARDING * INT14 0 0 n FORWARDING * EXT1 128 2 n DISABLED EXT2 128 2 n DISABLED EXT3 128 2 n FORWARDING 8000-00:16:60:f9:1e:00 8013 EXT4 128 4! n FORWARDING 8000-00:16:60:f9:1e:00 8014 * = STP turned off for this port. ! = Automatic path cost.
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
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The switch software uses the IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). In addition to seeing if STG is enabled or disabled, you can view the following STG bridge information:
Priority Hello interval Maximum age value Forwarding delay Aging time
You can also see the following port-specific STG informatio n:
Slot number Port alias and priority Cost State
The following table describes the STG parameters.
Table 4-19 Spanning Tree Parameter Descriptions
Parameter Description
Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will
become the STG root bridge.
Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge
transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.
MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the
bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit before it reconfigure the STG network.
FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a
bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding state.
Aging The aging time parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time the
bridge waits without receiving a packet from a station before removing the station from the Forwarding Database.
priority
(port) The port priority parameter helps determine which bridge port becomes the
designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the designated port for the segment.
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Table 4-19 Spanning Tree Parameter Descriptions (Continued)
Parameter Description
Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for
a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after the link speed has been auto negotiated.
State The state field shows the current state of the port. The state field can be either
BLOCKING, LISTENING, LEARNING, FORWARDING, or DISABLED.
Designated Bridge
The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC address of the Designated Bridge.
Designated Port The identifier of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-
nected.
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/info/l2/stg
RSTP/MSTP Information
Spanning Tree Group 1: On (RSTP) VLANs: 1
Current Root: Path-Cost Port Hello MaxAge FwdDel 8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0 EXT4 2 20 15
Parameters: Priority Hello MaxAge FwdDel Aging 32768 2 20 15 300
Port Prio Cost State Role Designated Bridge Des Port Type
----- ---- --------- ----- ---- ---------------------- -------- ----­INT1 0 0 DSB * INT2 0 0 DSB * INT3 0 0 FWD * INT4 0 0 DSB * INT5 0 0 DSB * INT6 0 0 DSB * INT7 0 0 DSB * INT8 0 0 DSB * INT9 0 0 DSB * INT10 0 0 DSB * INT11 0 0 DSB * INT12 0 0 DSB * INT13 0 0 DSB * INT14 0 0 DSB * EXT1 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P EXT2 128 2000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 P2P EXT3 128 2000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 P2P EXT4 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 Shared * = STP turned off for this port.
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
The switch software can be set to use the IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) or the IEEE 802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP). If RSTP/MSTP is turned on (see page 225), you can view RSTP/MSTP bridge information for the Spanning Tree Group, including the following:
Priority Hello interval Maximum age value Forwarding delay Aging time
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You can view port-specific RSTP information, including the following:
Port number and priority Cost State
The following table describes the STP parameters in RSTP or MSTP mode.
Table 4-20 RSTP/MSTP Parameter Descriptions
Parameter Description
Current Root The Current Root sh ows information about the root bridge for the Spanning
Tree. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC address of the root.
Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will
become the STP root bridge.
Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge
transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.
MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the
bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit before it reconfigures the STP network.
FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a
bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding state.
Aging The aging time parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time the
bridge waits without receiving a packet from a station before removing the station from the Forwarding Database.
Prio (port) The port priority paramete r helps determine which bridge port becomes the
designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the designated port for the segment.
Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for
a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after the link speed has been auto negotiated.
State The State field shows the current state of the port. The State field in RSTP or
MSTP mode can be one of the following: Discarding (DISC), Learning (LRN), Forwarding (FWD), or Disabled (DSB).
The Information Menu
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Table 4-20 RSTP/MSTP Parameter Descriptions (Continued)
Parameter Description
Role The Role field shows the current role of this port in the Spanning Tree. The
port role can be one of the following: Designate d ( D ESG), Root (ROOT), Alternate (ALTN), Backup (BKUP), Disabled (DSB), Master (MAST), or Unknown (UNK).
Designated Bridge
The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC address of the Designated Bridge.
Designated Port The port ID of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-
nected.
Type Type of link connected to the port, and whether the port is an edge port.
Link type values are AUTO, P2P, or SHARED.
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/info/l2/cist
Common Internal Spanning Tree Information
Common Internal Spanning Tree:
VLANs: 2-4094
Current Root: Path-Cost Port MaxAge FwdDel 8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0 0 20 15
Cist Regional Root: Path-Cost 8000 00:11:58:ae:39:00 0
Parameters: Priority MaxAge FwdDel Hops 32768 20 15 20 Port Prio Cost State Role Designated Bridge Des Port Hello Type
----- ---- --------- ----- ---- ---------------------- -------- ----- ---­INT1 0 0 DSB * INT2 0 0 DSB * INT3 0 0 FWD * INT4 0 0 DSB * INT5 0 0 DSB * INT6 0 0 DSB * INT7 0 0 DSB * INT8 0 0 DSB * INT9 0 0 DSB * INT10 0 0 DSB * INT11 0 0 DSB * INT12 0 0 DSB * INT13 0 0 DSB * INT14 0 0 DSB * MGT 0 0 FWD * EXT1 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P EXT2 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8011 2 P2P EXT3 128 20000 FWD DESG 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 2 P2P EXT4 128 20000 DISC BKUP 8000-00:11:58:ae:39:00 8013 2 Shared * = STP turned off for this port.
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
In addition to seeing if Common Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) is enabled or disabled, you can view CIST bridge information, including the following:
Priority Maximum age value Forwarding delay
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You can view port-specific CIST information, includ ing the following:
Port number and priority Cost Link type and Port type
The following table describes the CIST parameters.
Table 4-21 CIST Parameter Descriptions
Parameter Description
CIST Root The CIST Root shows information about the root bridge for the Common
CIST Regional Root The CIST Regional Root shows information about the root bridge for this
Priority (bridge) The bridge priority parameter controls which bridge on the network will
Internal Spanning Tree (CIST). Values on this row of information refer to the CIST root.
MSTP region. Values on this row of information refer to the regional root.
become the STP root bridge.
Hello The hello time parameter specifies, in seconds, how often the root bridge
transmits a configuration bridge protocol data unit (BPDU). Any bridge that is not the root bridge uses the root bridge hello value.
MaxAge The maximum age parameter specifies, in seconds, the maximum time the
bridge waits without receiving a configuration bridge protocol data unit before it reconfigure the STP network.
FwdDel The forward delay parameter specifies, in seconds, the amount of time that a
bridge port has to wait before it changes from learning state to forwarding state.
priority (port) The port priority parameter helps determine which bridge port becomes the
designated port. In a network topology that has multiple bridge ports con­nected to a single segment, the port with the lowest port priority becomes the designated port for the segment.
Cost The port path cost parameter is used to help determine the designated p ort for
a segment. Generally speaking, the faster the port, the lower the path cost. A setting of 0 indicates that the cost will be set to the appropriate default after the link speed has been auto negotiated.
State The state field shows the current state of the port. The state field can be either
Discarding (DISC), Learning (LRN), or Forwarding (FWD).
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Table 4-21 CIST Parameter Descriptions
Parameter Description
Role The Role field shows the current role of this port in the Spanning Tree. The
port role can be one of the following: Designate d ( D ESG), Root (ROOT), Alternate (ALTN), Backup (BKUP), Disabled (DSB), Master (MAST), or Unknown (UNK).
Designated Bridge
Designated Port The port ID of the port on the Designated Bridge to which this port is con-
Type Type of link connected to the port, and whether the port is an edge port.
The Designated Bridge shows information about the bridge connected to each port, if applicable. Information includes the priority (hex) and MAC address of the Designated Bridge.
nected.
Link type values are AUTO, P2P, or SHARED.
/info/l2/trunk
Trunk Group Information
Trunk group 1, port state: EXT1: STG 1 forwarding EXT2: STG 1 forwarding
When trunk groups are configured, you can view the state of each port in the various trunk groups.
NOTE – If Spanning Tree Protocol on any port in the trunk group is set to forwarding, the remaining ports in the trunk group will also be set to forwarding.
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/info/l2/vlan
VLAN Information
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- ------ -------------------­1 Default VLAN ena INT1-INT14 EXT1-EXT4 10 VLAN 10 ena INT1 11 *VLAN 11 ena EXT3 30 *VLAN 30 ena EXT4 4095 Mgmt VLAN ena INT1-INT14 MGT
(*) = Dynamically created VLAN
Private-VLAN Type Mapped-To Status Ports
------------ --------- ---------- ---------- ----------------­1000 primary 1001-1014 ena EXT1 EXT2 1001 isolated 1000 ena INT1 1002 community 1000 ena INT2
1003 community 1000 ena INT3
NOTE – The sample screens that appear in this document might differ slightly from the screens displayed by your system. Screen content varies based on the type of BladeCenter unit that you are using and the firmware versions and options that are installed.
This information display includes all configured VLANs and all member ports that have an active link state. Port membership is represented in slot/port format.
VLAN information includes:
VLAN Number VLAN Name Status Port membership of the VLAN Protocol-based VLAN information Whether the VLAN is a GVRP dynamic VLAN Private VLAN configuration
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/info/l3
Layer 3 Information
[Layer 3 Menu] route - IP Routing Information Menu arp - ARP Information Menu bgp - BGP Information Menu ospf - OSPF Routing Information Menu rip - RIP Routing Information Menu ip - Show IP information igmp - Show IGMP Snooping Multicast Group information vrrp - Show Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol information dump - Dump all layer 3 information
The information provided by each menu option is briefly described in Table 4-22, with point­ers to detailed information.
Table 4-22 Layer 3 Men u Optio ns (/info/l3)
Command Syntax and Usage
route
Displays the IP Routing Menu. Using the options of this menu, the system displays the following for each configured or learned route:
Route destination IP address, subnet mask, and gateway addressType of routeTag indicating origin of routeMetric for RIP tagged routes, specifying the number of hops to the destination ( 1-15 hops, or 16
for infinite hops)
The IP interface that the route uses
For details, see page 97.
arp
Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Information Menu. For details, see page 100.
bgp
Displays BGP Information Menu. To view menu options, see page 102.
ospf
Displays OSPF routing Information Menu. For details, see page 105.
rip
Displays Routing Information Protocol Menu. For details, see page 110.
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Table 4-22 Layer 3 Menu Options (/info/l3)
Command Syntax and Usage
ip
Displays IP Information. For details, see page 112. IP information, includes:
IP interface information: Interface number, IP address, subnet mask, VLAN number, and opera-
tional status.
Defaul t gate way information: Metric for selecting which configured gateway to use, gateway
number, IP address, and health status
IP forwarding information: Enable status, lnet and lmaskPort status
igmp
Displays IGMP Information Menu. For details, see page 113.
vrrp
Displays the VRRP Information Menu. For details, see page 116.
dump
Dumps all switch information available from the Layer 3 Menu (10K or more, depending on your configuration).
If you want to capture dump data to a file, set your communication software on your workstation to capture session data prior to issuing the dump commands.
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/info/l3/route
IP Routing Information
[IP Routing Menu] find - Show a single route by destination IP address gw - Show routes to a single gateway type - Show routes of a single type tag - Show routes of a single tag if - Show routes on a single interface dump - Show all routes
Using the commands listed below, you can display all or a portion of the IP routes currently held in the switch.
Table 4-23 Route Information Menu Options (/info/l3/route)
Command Syntax and Usage
find <IP address (such as 192.4.17.101)>
Displays a single route by destination IP address.
gw <default gateway address (such as 192.4.17.44)>
Displays routes to a single gateway.
type indirect|direct|local|broadcast|martian|multicast
Displays routes of a single type. For a description of IP routing types, see Table 4-24 on page 98 .
tag fixed|static|addr|rip|ospf|bgp|broadcast|martian|multicast
Displays routes of a single tag. For a description of IP routing types, see Table 4-25 on page 99.
if <interface number (1-128)>
Displays routes on a single interface.
dump
Displays all routes configured in the switch. For more information, see page 98.
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/info/l3/route/dump
Show All IP Route Information
Status code: * - best Destination Mask Gateway Type Tag Metr If
--------------- --------------- --------------- --------- --------- ---- -­* 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.1 direct fixed 211 * 11.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 11.0.0.1 local addr 211 * 11.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 11.255.255.255 broadcast broadcast 211 * 12.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 12.0.0.1 direct fixed 12 * 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 12.0.0.1 local addr 12 * 12.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 12.255.255.255 broadcast broadcast 12 * 13.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 11.0.0.2 indirect ospf 2 211 * 47.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 47.133.88.1 indirect static 24 * 47.133.88.0 255.255.255.0 47.133.88.46 direct fixed 24 * 172.30.52.223 255.255.255.255 172.30.52.223 broadcast broadcast 2 * 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 martian martian * 224.0.0.5 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 multicast addr
The following table describes the Type parameters.
Table 4-24 IP Routing Type Parameters
Parameter Description
indirect The next hop to the host or subnet destination will be forwarded through a
router at the Gateway address.
direct Packets will be delivered to a destination host or subnet attached to the
switch.
local Indicates a route to one of the switch’s IP interfaces. broadcast Indicates a broadcast route. martian The destination belongs to a host or subnet which is filtered out. Packets to
this destination are discarded.
multicast Indicates a multicast route.
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The following table describes the Tag parameters.
Table 4-25 IP Routing Tag Parameters
Parameter Description
fixed The address belongs to a host or subnet attached to the switch. static The address is a static route which ha s been configured on the GbE Switch
Module.
addr The address belongs to one of the switch’s IP interfaces. rip The address was learned by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). ospf The address was learned by Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). bgp The address was learned via Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) broadcast Indicates a broadcast address. martian The address belongs to a filtered group. multicast Indicates a multicast address.
The Information Menu
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/info/l3/arp
ARP Information
[Address Resolution Protocol Menu] find - Show a single ARP entry by IP address port - Show ARP entries on a single port vlan - Show ARP entries on a single VLAN dump - Show all ARP entries addr - Show ARP address list
The ARP information includes IP address and MAC address of each entry, address status flags (see Table 4-26 on page 100), VLAN and port for the address, and port referencing information.
Table 4-26 ARP Information Menu Options (/info/l3/arp)
Command Syntax and Usage
find <IP address (such as, 192.4.17.101>
Displays a single ARP entry by IP address.
port <port alias or number>
Displays the ARP entries on a single port.
vlan <VLAN number (1-4095)>
Displays the ARP entries on a single VLAN.
dump
Displays all ARP entries. including:
IP address and MAC address of each entryAddress status flag (see below)The VLAN and port to which the address belongsThe ports which have referenced the address (empty if no port has routed traffic to the IP
address shown)
For more information, see page 101.
addr
Displays the ARP address list: IP address, IP mask, MAC address, and VLAN flags.
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