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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series

Conﬁguration — Quality of Service

NN47205-504 (322816-B)

Document status: Standard Document version: 03.01 Document date: 23 November 2007

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, conﬁgurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products speciﬁed in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks.

The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that license. The software license agreement is included in this document.

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Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

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Contents

New in this release 11

Features 11 Other changes 11

Preface 13

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series 13 Publications 14 How to get help 15

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Policy-Enabled Networks 17

Summary 17

Port-based and Role-based QoS Policies 18 QoS overview 18 DiffServ Concepts 19 QoS components 19 Specifying interface groups 20 Interface shaping 21 Nortel SNA solution 22 Rules 22

Classiﬁer deﬁnition 22

IP classiﬁer elements 23

Layer 2 classiﬁer elements 24

System classiﬁer elements 24

Classiﬁers and classiﬁer blocks 24 Specifying actions 25 Specifying interface action extensions 28 Specifying meters 28 Trusted, untrusted, and unrestricted interfaces 29 Specifying policies 32 Packet ﬂow using QoS 34 Queue sets 35

Modifying CoS-to-queue priorities 35

QoS conﬁguration guidelines 36

Chapter 2 Conﬁguring Quality of Service (QoS) with the CLI 39

Displaying QoS Parameters 39

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Conﬁguring QoS Access Lists 44

qos acl-assign command 44

no qos acl-assign command 45

qos ip-acl command 45

no qos ip-acl command 46

qos l2-acl command 46

no qos l2-acl command 48 Conﬁguring the CoS-to-Queue Assignments 48

qos queue-set-assignment command 48 Conﬁguring QoS Interface Groups 49

qos if-assign command 49

no qos if-assign command 49

qos if-group command 50

no qos if-group command 50 Conﬁguring DSCP and 802.1p and Queue Associations 51

qos egressmap command 51

default qos egressmap command 52

qos ingressmap command 52

default qos ingress command 52 Conﬁguring QoS for the Nortel SNA solution 53

Example: using qos nsna commands 55

Deleting a classiﬁer, classiﬁer block, or an entire ﬁlter set 56 Conﬁguring QoS Elements, Classiﬁers, and Classiﬁer Blocks 56

qos ip-element command 56

no qos ip-element command 57

qos l2-element command 58

no qos l2-element command 59

qos classiﬁer command 59

no qos classiﬁer command 60

qos classiﬁer-block command 60

no qos classiﬁer-block command 61 Conﬁguring QoS system-element 62

qos system-element command 62

no qos system-element command 63 Conﬁguring QoS Actions 63

qos action command 63

no qos action command 65 Conﬁguring QoS Interface Action Extensions 65

qos if-action-extension command 66

no qos if-action-extension command 66 Conﬁguring QoS Meters 67

qos meter command 67

no qos meter command 68

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Conﬁguring QoS Interface Shaper 69

qos if-shaper command 69

no qos if-shaper command 69 Conﬁguring QoS Policies 70

qos policy command 70

no qos policy command 71 Maintaining the QoS Agent 72

qos agent reset-default command 72

qos agent nvram-delay command 72

default qos agent nvram-delay 72

default qos agent command 73

Chapter 3 Conﬁguring Quality of Service (QoS) with the

Web-based Management Interface 75

Quality of Service Wizards 75

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard 76

QoS Management Wizard 84

QoS Interface Shaper Wizard 89 Conﬁguring an Interface Group 91

Creating an Interface Group Conﬁguration 91

Displaying Interface ID Table 93

Adding or Removing Interface Group Members 93

Deleting an Interface Group 95 Conﬁguring 802.1p priority queue assignment 95 Conﬁguring 802.1p priority mapping 96 Conﬁguring DSCP mapping 98 Displaying QoS meter capability 100 Displaying QoS shaper capability 101 Conﬁguring IP classiﬁer elements 102

Creating an IP classiﬁer element 102

Deleting an IP classiﬁer element conﬁguration 104 Conﬁguring Layer 2 classiﬁer elements 104

Creating a Layer 2 classiﬁer element conﬁguration 104

Deleting a layer 2 classiﬁer element conﬁguration 106 Conﬁguring System Classiﬁer Element 106 Classiﬁer Conﬁgurations 108

Viewing Existing Classiﬁers 108

Creating a Classiﬁer 109

Deleting a classiﬁer 110 Classiﬁer Block Conﬁgurations 111

Viewing Classiﬁer Blocks 111

Creating Classiﬁer Blocks 112

Deleting a Classiﬁer Block 112 Conﬁguring QoS actions 113

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Creating an Action 113

Modifying an action conﬁguration 115

Deleting an Action 116 Using the Interface Action Extension 117

Creating an Interface Action Extension 117

Deleting an interface action extension conﬁguration 118 Using QoS Meters 119

Creating a QoS Meter 119

Viewing meters 121

Deleting a meter 121 Conﬁguring QoS Interface Shaper 121

Conﬁguring Interface Shaping parameters 121

Deleting Interface Shaping Parameters 123 Conﬁguring QoS policies 123

Installing deﬁned ﬁlters 124

Viewing hardware policy statistics 126

Deleting a hardware policy conﬁguration 126 Conﬁguring QoS Policy Agent (QPA) characteristics 127 Using QoS diagnostics 129

Chapter 4 Conﬁguring Quality of Service (QoS) with the Java

Device Manager (JDM) 135

Managing interface groups 135

Displaying interface queues 135

Displaying interface groups 136

Assigning ports to an interface group 137

Deleting ports from an interface group 138

Adding interface groups 139

Deleting interface groups 139

Displaying an interface ID 140

Displaying priority queue assignments 142

Displaying priority mapping 143

Displaying DSCP mappings 144

Displaying Meter Capability 145

Displaying Shaper Capability 146 Managing QoS rules 147

Displaying IP classiﬁer elements 147

Adding IP classiﬁer elements 149

Deleting IP classiﬁer elements 150

Displaying L2 classiﬁer elements 150

Adding L2 classiﬁer elements 151

Deleting L2 classiﬁer elements 152

Displaying System Classiﬁer Elements 153

Viewing the System Classiﬁer Pattern 154

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Contents 9

Adding System Classiﬁer Elements 155

Deleting System Classiﬁer Elements 156

Displaying Classiﬁers 157

Adding classiﬁers 158

Deleting classiﬁers 160

Filtering Classiﬁers 160

Displaying Classiﬁer Blocks 161

Appending Classiﬁer Blocks 162

Adding Classiﬁer Blocks 163

Deleting Classiﬁer Blocks 164

Filtering Classiﬁer Blocks 164 Managing QoS actions, Interface action extensions, Meters, Policies, Interface

Shapers, and Interface Applications 165 Displaying QoS actions 165 Adding QoS actions 167 Deleting QoS actions 167 Displaying Interface action extensions 168 Adding Interface action extensions 169 Deleting Interface action extensions 169 Displaying QoS meters 170 Adding QoS meters 171 Deleting QoS meters 171 Displaying QoS Interface Shapers 172 Adding Interface Shapers 173 Deleting an Interface Shaper 174 Displaying QoS policies 174 Adding QoS policies 177 Deleting QoS policies 178

QoS Policy Stats 179 Conﬁguring Nortel SNA solution 179

Inserting a classiﬁer 180 Deleting a classiﬁer 182 Conﬁguring a set 183

QoS agent 185

Displaying QoS agent conﬁguration 186 Displaying policy class support 186 Displaying policy device identiﬁcation 187 Displaying resource allocation 188

Filtering the resource allocation table 190

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New in this release

The following sections detail what’s new in Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Conﬁguration - Quality of service (NN47205-504) for release

5.1.

•

Features

•

Other changes

Features

For information about changes that are feature-related, see "The Nortel

SNA solution" (page 22)

Other changes

No other changes.

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12 New in this release

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Preface

This guide provides information and instructions to conﬁgure and use quality of service (QoS) and IP ﬁltering on the 4500 Series Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch.

Before you start the conﬁguration process, consult the documentation included with the switch and the product release notes (see " Publications"

(page 14)) for errata.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series

4500 Series Switch Platforms outlines the switches that are part of the 4500 Series of Nortel Ethernet Routing Switches

4500 Series Switch Platforms

4500 Series Switch Model

Key Features

4526FX 24 100BaseFX ports (MTRJ connector) plus 2 10/100/1000

SFP combo ports Redundant power slot for DC/DC converter installation

4550T 48 10/100BaseTX RJ-45 ports plus 2 10/100/1000 SFP

combo ports Redundant power slot for DC/DC converter installation

4550T–PWR 48 10/100BaseTX RJ-45 ports with Power over Ethernet

plus 2 10/100/1000 SFP combo ports Integrated redundant power connector for RPS 15 cable connection

4548GT 48 10/100/1000BaseTX RJ-45 ports and 4 shared SFP

ports Redundant power slot for DC/DC converter installation

4548GT–PWR 48 10/100/1000BaseTX RJ-45 ports with Power over

Ethernet and 4 shared SFP ports Integrated redundant power connector for RPS 15 cable connection

4526T 24 10/100BaseTX RJ-45 ports plus 2 10/100/1000 SFP

combo ports.

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14 Preface

4500 Series Switch Model

Key Features

4526T-PWR 24 10/100BaseTX RJ-45 ports with Power over Ethernet

plus 2 10/100/1000 SFP combo ports.

4526GTX 24 10/100/1000BaseTX RJ-45 ports plus 4 shared

10/100/1000 SFP combo ports and 2 10GE XFPs.

4526GTX-PWR 24 10/100/1000BaseTX RJ-45 ports with Power over

Ethernet plus 4 10/100/1000 SFP combo ports and 2 10 GE XFPs.

4524GT 24 10/100/1000Base TX RJ-45 ports plus 4 shared

10/100/1000 SFP combo ports.

Publications

For more information about the management, conﬁguration, and use of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series, see the publications listed in

"Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Documentation" (page 14).

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Documentation

Title Description Part Number

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Regulatory Information

Regulatory and safety information for the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series.

NN47205-100

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Installation

Instructions to install a switch in the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series. This guide also provides an overview of hardware important to the installation, configuration, and maintenance of the switch.

NN47205-300

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Release Notes - Software Release 5.0

An overview of new features, fixes, and limitations of the 4500 Series switches. Also included are supplementary documentation and document errata.

NN47205-400

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Overview - System Configuration

General instructions to configure switches in the 4500 Series that are not covered by the other documentation.

NN47205-500

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Configuration - VLANs, Spanning Tree, and MultiLink Trunking

Instructions to configure spanning and trunking protocols on 4500 Series switches.

NN47205-501

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Configuration - System Monitoriing

Instructions to configure, implement, and use system monitoring on 4500 Series switches.

NN47205-502

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How to get help 15

Title Description Part Number

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Configuration - Quality of Service

Instructions to configure and implement QoS and filtering on 4500 Series switches.

NN47205-504

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Configuration - System Monitoring

Instructions to configure, implement, and use system monitoring on 4500 Series switches.

NN47205-505

Installing the Nortel Ethernet Redundant Power Supply Unit 15

Instructions to install and use the Nortel Ethernet RPS 15.

217070-A

DC-DC Converter Module for the Baystack 5000 Series Switch

Instructions to install and use the DC-DC power converter.

215081-A

Installing SFP and XFP Transceivers and GBICs

Instructions to install and use small form-factor pluggable transceivers and gigabit interface converters.

318034-D

Technical documentation and software is available online at the Nortel Technical Support Web site located at h

ttp://www.nortel.com/support. Use

the following procedure to access documents or software on the Technical Support web site:

•

If it is not already selected, click the Browse product support tab.

•

From the list provided in the product family box, select Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch.

•

From the product list, select the desired 4500 Series Switch.

•

From the content list, select Documentation or Software.

•

Click Go.

You can view documents online, download them for future reference, or print them. All documents accessed on the Technical Support web site are in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) format. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader to view and print these documents. Adobe Acrobat Reader is a free product of Adobe Systems that you can download from the Adobe Web site at h

ttp://www.adobe.com.

How to get help

If a service contract is purchased with this Nortel product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support for that distributor or reseller for technical assistance.

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If a Nortel service program is purchased with this product, contact Nortel Technical Support.

The following information is available online:

•

contact information for Nortel Technical Support

•

information about the Nortel Technical Solutions Centers

•

information about the Express Routing Code (ERC) for your product

An Express Routing Code (ERC) is available for many Nortel products. When used, an ERC allows a technical assistance call to be routed to a technical support personell who specialize in that service or product. The ERC for a particular product or service is available online.

The main Nortel support portal is available at h

ttp://www.nortel.com/support

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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Policy-Enabled Networks

This chapter provides an overview of the Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Quality of Service (QoS) network architecture. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series provides a Web-based Management Interface, Command Line Interface (CLI), and the Java Device Manager (JDM) to conﬁgure QoS.

Summary

System administrators can use Policy-enabled networks to prioritize the network trafﬁc. Prioritizing network trafﬁc provides improved service for selected applications. The system administrators can use QoS, to establish service level agreements (SLA) with customers of the network.

In general, QoS helps with two network issues: bandwidth and time-sensitivity. QoS can help you allocate bandwidth to critical applications, and limit bandwidth for noncritical applications. Applications, such as video and voice, must have a certain amount of bandwidth to work correctly; using QoS, you can provide that bandwidth, when necessary. Also, you can place a high priority on applications that are sensitive to timing or that cannot tolerate delay by assigning that trafﬁc to a high-priority queue.

Nortel Networks uses Differentiated Services (DiffServ) to provide QoS functionality. A DiffServ architecture enables service discrimination of trafﬁc ﬂows by offering network resources to high classes at the expense of low classes of service. With this architecture you can prioritize or aggregate ﬂows and provides scalable QoS.

Brieﬂy, with DiffServ, you can use policies to identify trafﬁc to forward or drop, meter, re-mark, and assign to certain interfaces. The system marks the DiffServ (DS) ﬁeld of IP packets to deﬁne how the packet is treated as it moves through the network. Flow prioritization is facilitated by identifying,

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18 Chapter 1 An Introduction to Policy-Enabled Networks

metering, and re-marking. You can specify a number of policies and each policy can match one or many ﬂows to support complex classiﬁcation scenarios.

Port-based and Role-based QoS Policies

Software Release 5.1 supports both port-based and role-based Quality of Service policies. In a port-based Quality of Service environment, apply policies directly to individual ports. In a role-based Quality of Service environment, individual ports are ﬁrst assigned to a role and that role is assigned a policy.

A port-based Quality of Service environment provides more direct application of Quality of Service policies and eliminates the need to group ports when you assign policies.

You can apply port-based and role-based policies to the same port; however, the switch administrator must divide resources across the individual policies.

QoS overview

Differentiated services (DiffServ) is a Quality of Service (QoS) network architecture that offers various levels of service for different types of data trafﬁc. DiffServ designates a speciﬁc level of performance on a packet-by-packet basis, instead of using the best-effort model for data delivery. Preferential treatment (prioritization) can apply applications that require high performance and reliable service, such as voice and video over IP.

To differentiate between trafﬁc ﬂows, the DiffServ (DS) ﬁeld, as deﬁned in RFCs 2474 and 2475, is marked. The DS ﬁeld in the IP header is an octet, and the DS architecture uses the ﬁrst six bits, called the DS codepoint (DSCP). The DSCP marking dictates the forwarding treatment given to the packet at each hop. This marking occurs at the edge of the DiffServ domain, and is based on the policy or ﬁlter for the particular microﬂow or an aggregate ﬂow. The QoS system also can interact with 802.1p and Layer 2 QoS.

Within the DiffServ network, the marked packets are placed in a queue according to their marking, which, in turn, determines the per-hop behavior (PHB) of that packet. For example, if a video stream is marked as high priority, then it is placed in a high-priority queue. As those packets traverse the DiffServ network, the video stream is forwarded before any other packets.

To ensure that the trafﬁc stream conforms to the bandwidth assigned, policing within the network is necessary.

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QoS components 19

DiffServ Concepts

DiffServ is described in IETF RFCs 2474 and 2475. This architecture is ﬂexible and allows for either end-to-end QoS or intradomain QoS by implementing complex classiﬁcation and mapping functions at the network boundary or access points. Within a DiffServ domain, the packet treatment is regulated by this classiﬁcation and mapping.

The DiffServ basic elements are implemented within the network and include

•

packet classiﬁcation functions

•

a small set of per-hop forwarding behaviors

•

trafﬁc metering and marking

Trafﬁc is classiﬁed as it enters the DS network, and is then assigned the appropriate PHB based on that classiﬁcation. Within the IP packet, the 6 bits in the DSCP are marked to identify how the packet is treated at each subsequent network node.

DiffServ assumes the existence of a Service Level Agreement (SLA) between DS domains that share a border. The SLA deﬁnes the proﬁle for the aggregate trafﬁc ﬂowing from one network to the other, based on policy criteria. In a given trafﬁc direction, the trafﬁc is expected to be metered at the ingress point of the downstream network.

As the trafﬁc moves within the DiffServ network, policies ensure that trafﬁc, marked by the different DSCPs, is treated according to that marking.

QoS components

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series supports the following Nortel Networks QoS classes:

•

Critical and Network classes have the highest priority over all other trafﬁc.

• Premium class is an end-to-end service functioning similarly to a

virtual leased line. Trafﬁc in this service class is normally guaranteed an agreed-upon peak bandwidth. Trafﬁc requiring this service must be shaped at the network boundary in order to undergo a negligible delay and delay variance. This service class is suitable for real-time applications, such as video and voice over IP. The recommended PHB for this service is the Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB.

•

Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Bronze classes use the Assured Forwarding (AF) PHB. These classes are used for real-time, delay-tolerant trafﬁc and non-real-time, mission-critical trafﬁc.

•

Standard class is the best-effort IP service with an additional, optional use of trafﬁc classiﬁcation that is used at the network boundary to

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request a better effort treatment for packets that are in-proﬁle (packets that do not break the service agreements between the user and the service provider).

"Service Classes" (page 20) describes the service classes and their

required treatment.

Service Classes

Traffic category

Service class

Application type Required treatment

Real-time, delay-intolerant, fixed bandwidth

Premium Real-time applications

such as video and Voice over IP (VoIP).

Expedited Forwarding (EF) - end-to-end function similar to a virtual leased line. Guaranteed agreed peak bandwidth and 100% priority.

Critical and standard network control

Critical and Network Critical and standard

network control traffic.

Weighted Round Robin 65% proportion

Real-time, delay-tolerant traffic and non-real-time, mission-critical traffic

Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Bronze

Communications requiring interaction with additional minimal delay (such as low-cost VoIP). Single human communication with no interaction (such as web site streaming video). Transaction processing (such as Telnet, web browsing), and. e-mail, FTP, SNMP.

Assured Forwarding (AF)

Non-real time, non-mission-critical

Standard Bulk transfer (such as

large FTP transfers, after-hours tape backup).

Best-effort delivery. Uses remaining available bandwidth. Optional use of traffic classification at the network boundary requests better effort treatment for in-profile packets.

Specifying interface groups

Interface groups are used in the creation of role-based policies. Role-based policies differ from port-based policies in the fact that role-based policies group ports together to apply a common set of rules to them. Alternatively, port-based polices are used to apply rules to one port only.

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Interface shaping 21

Each port can belong to only one interface group. The web-based interface for QoS uses the term Interface Conﬁgurations for this function. One policy references only one interface group; however, you can conﬁgure several policies to reference the same interface group.

When you move a port to another interface group (role combination), the classiﬁcation elements associated with the previous interface group are removed and the classiﬁcations elements associated with the new interface group are installed on the port.

ATTENTION

If assigning a port that is part of a MultiLink Trunk (MLT) to an interface group, only that port joins the interface group. The other ports in the MLT do not become part of the interface group (role combination) automatically.

At factory default, ports are assigned to the default interface group (role combination), which is named allQoSPolicyIfcs. Each port is associated with the default interface group, until a port is either associated with another interface group or the port is removed from all interface groups. Ports that are not associated with any interface group are disabled for QoS; they remain disabled across reboots until that port is assigned to an interface group or the switch is reset to factory defaults (when it is reassigned to allQosPolicyIfcs).

ATTENTION

All ports must be removed from an interface group before it is deleted. An interface group cannot be deleted when it is referenced by a policy.

Interface shaping

Interface shaping involves limiting the rate at which all trafﬁc egressing through a speciﬁc interface is transmitted on to the network.

Interface shaping ensures that the limited bandwidth resources are used efﬁciently by the trafﬁc generation rate at egress.

Shaping for each interface provides full control over bandwidth or consumption on your networks. Shaping interface-based in conjunction with ingress ﬂow metering, is a vital component of the overall bandwidth management solution.

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ATTENTION

Different results can be obtained using meter and shaper with same parameters. This is due to the adding of the VLAN encapsulation, when applicable. Metering is applied to packets received by a port before adding VLAN encapsulation. Shaping is applied to packets sent on a port, after the port has added the VLAN encapsulation to the packet.

Nortel SNA solution

The Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series can be conﬁgured as a network access device for the Nortel SNA solution.

Nortel SNA is a protective framework to secure the network completely from endpoint vulnerability. The Nortel SNA solution addresses endpoint security and enforces policy compliance. Nortel SNA delivers endpoint security by enabling only trusted, role-based access privileges premised on the security level of the device, user identity, and session context. Nortel SNA enforces policy compliance, such as for Sarbanes-Oxley and COBIT, ensuring that the required antivirus applications or software patches are installed before users are granted network access.

The Nortel SNA solution provides a policy-based, clientless approach to corporate network access. The Nortel SNA solution provides both authentication and enforcement.

For more information about Nortel SNA, see Nortel Security Conﬁguration manual (NN47205-501_CFSEC).

Rules

Packet classiﬁers identify packets according to a particular content in the packet header, such as the source address, destination address, source port number, destination port number, and other data. Packet classiﬁers identify ﬂows for additional processing.

Three types of classiﬁer elements can be used to construct a classiﬁer:

•

Layer 2 (L2) classiﬁer elements

•

IP classiﬁer elements

•

System classiﬁer

Classiﬁer deﬁnition

A classiﬁer is made up of one or more classiﬁer elements. The classiﬁer elements dictate the classiﬁcation criteria of the classiﬁers. Only one element of each type, IP or L2 or System Classiﬁer Element, can be used to construct a classiﬁer.

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"Relationship of classiﬁer elements, classiﬁers, and classiﬁer blocks" (page

23) displays the relationship between the classiﬁer elements, classiﬁers,

and classiﬁer blocks.

Relationship of classiﬁer elements, classiﬁers, and classiﬁer blocks

The system automatically creates some classiﬁers on untrusted ports. Additional classiﬁers are user-created.

IP classiﬁer elements

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series classiﬁes packets based on the following parameters in the IP header:

•

IPv4/IPv6 address type

•

IPv6 ﬂow identiﬁer

• IPv4/IPv6 source address/mask

•

IPv4/IPv6 destination address/mask

•

IPv4 protocol type/IPv6 next-header

• IPv4/IPv6 DSCP value

•

IPv4/IPv6 Layer 4 source port number with TCP/UDP (range of)

•

IPv4/IPv6 Layer 4 destination port number with TCP/UDP (range of)

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Layer 2 classiﬁer elements

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series classiﬁes packets based on the following parameters in the Layer 2 header:

•

source MAC address/mask

•

destination MAC address/mask

•

VLAN ID number (range of)

•

VLAN tag

•

EtherType

•

IEEE 802.1p user priority values

ATTENTION

Layer 2 classiﬁer elements with an Ethernet Type of 0x0800 are treated as an IPv4 classiﬁer, and those with an Ethernet Type of 0x86DD are treated as an IPv6 classiﬁer.

System classiﬁer elements

System classiﬁer elements support pattern matching, also referred to as offset ﬁltering. Offset ﬁltering identiﬁes ﬁelds within protocol headers, or portions thereof, on which to identify trafﬁc for additional QoS processing. This eliminates the limitations that arise by supporting only certain protocol header ﬁelds, such as IP source address, IP protocol ﬁeld, and VLAN ID for ﬂow classiﬁcation.

Fully customized classiﬁers can be created to match non-IP-based trafﬁc, as well as to identify IP-based trafﬁc using non-typical ﬁelds in Layers 2, 3, 4, and beyond.

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series Content Aware Processor (CAE) lookup engine supports selection of 16 bytes within the ﬁrst 128 bytes of the packet.

Classiﬁers and classiﬁer blocks

Classiﬁer elements can be combined into classiﬁers, and grouped into classiﬁer blocks. Classiﬁers are created by referencing an L2 classiﬁer element, IP element, a system classiﬁer element, or one of each type.

Each classiﬁer can have a maximum of a single IP classiﬁer element, one L2 classiﬁer element, one system classiﬁer element or any combination of one IP, L2 and system classiﬁer element.

Classiﬁers can be combined into classiﬁer blocks. Each classiﬁer block has one or more classiﬁers.

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As classiﬁer blocks are planned, keep in mind that only a single IP classiﬁer element, a single L2 classiﬁer element, and a single system classiﬁer element can appear in each classiﬁer. Forexample,to group ﬁve IP classiﬁer elements create ﬁve separate classiﬁers, each with a unique IP classiﬁer element, and then create a classiﬁer block referencing those ﬁve classiﬁers.

All classiﬁers that are part of a single classiﬁer block (that is, with the same block number) must each ﬁlter on identically the same parameters at the packet level. This includes the same mask, range, and VLAN tag type. If this criterion is not met, an error message is generated when an attempt to create the classiﬁer block, or to add a new member to an existing block, is made. Also, if one of the classiﬁer elements in a classiﬁer block has associated actions or meters, then all classiﬁer elements of that classiﬁer block must also have associated actions or meters (not identical actions or meters, but also associated actions or meters).

A classiﬁer or classiﬁer block is associated through a policy with interface groups. Packets received from any port that is in an interface group are classiﬁed with the same ﬁlter criteria.

Each classiﬁer or classiﬁer block is associated with actions that are executed when the packet matches the ﬁlter criteria in the group. The ﬁlter criteria and the associated actions, metering criteria, and interface groups are referenced by a policy, which dictates the overall trafﬁc treatment (refer to "Flowchart of QoS Actions" (page 26) for an illustration of the trafﬁc treatment).

Classiﬁer elements, through individual classiﬁers or a classiﬁer block, are associated with an interface group, action, and metering through a policy. Multiple policies can be applied to a given ﬂow. The policy evaluation order is determined by the policy precedence. The order of precedence is from the highest precedence value to the lowest precedence (that is, a value of 7 is evaluated before a value of 6).

ATTENTION

Classiﬁer blocks, not individual classiﬁers that comprise a block, can be associated with a meter or action.

In summary, classiﬁers combine different classiﬁer elements. Classiﬁer blocks combine classiﬁers to form an unordered set of classiﬁcation data. Unordered data means that all classiﬁers associated with a policy are applied as if simultaneously, with no precedence.

Specifying actions

"Flowchart of QoS Actions" (page 26) summarizes how QoS matches

packets with actions.

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Flowchart of QoS Actions

"Summary of Allowable Actions" (page 26) shows a summary of the

allowable actions for different matching criteria.

Summary of Allowable Actions

Actions In-Profile

Out-Of-Profile

Drop/transmit X X Update DSCP X X

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Actions In-Profile

Out-Of-Profile

Update 802.1p user priority X Set drop precedence X X

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series ﬁlters collectively direct the system to initiate the following actions on a packet, depending on the conﬁguration:

•

Drop

•

Re-mark the packet — Re-mark a new DiffServ Codepoint (DSCP) — Re-mark the 802.1p ﬁeld — Assign a drop precedence

ATTENTION

The 802.1p user priority value, used for out-of-proﬁle packets, is derived from the associated in-proﬁle action to prevent reordering at egress of packets from a single ﬂow.

Packets received on an interface are matched against all policies associated with that interface. So, potentially, any number of policies--from none to many--are applied to the packet, depending on the policies associated with the speciﬁc interface. The set of actions applied to the packet is a result of the policies associated with that interface, ranging from no actions to many actions.

For example, if one policy associated with the speciﬁc interface speciﬁes only a value updating the DSCP value, while another policy associated with that same interface speciﬁes only a value for updating the 802.1p user priority value, both of these actions occur. If conﬂicts among actions are detected--for example, if two policies on the speciﬁed interface request that the DSCP be updated, but specify different values--the value from the policy with the higher precedence is used.

The actions applied to packets include those actions deﬁned from user-deﬁned policies and those actions deﬁned from system default policies. The user-deﬁned actions always carry higher precedences than the system default actions. This means that, if user-deﬁned policies do not specify actions that overlap with the actions associated with system default policies (for example, the DSCP and 802.1p update actions installed on untrusted interfaces), the default policy actions with the lowest precedence will be included in the set of actions to be applied to the identiﬁed trafﬁc.

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ATTENTION

You must deﬁne an additional wild card rule to enable native Non-Match support.

Specifying interface action extensions

The interface action extensions add to the base set of actions.

"Summary of allowable interface action extensions" (page 28) shows a

summary of the allowable interface action extensions for different matching criteria.

Summary of allowable interface action extensions

Interface action extensions In-Profile

Out-Of-Profile

Set egress unicast port X Set egress non-unicast port X

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series does not initiate an action extension based packet type. So, user should redirect all incoming trafﬁc, no matter of packet types (both unicast and non-unicast), towards same port, using interface action extension.

ATTENTION

When specifying interface action extensions, you must use both options (Set egress unicast interface and Set egress non-unicast interface). Same port

for both unicast and non-unicast packets redirection should be used.

Specifying meters

QoS metering, which operates at ingress, provides different levels of service to data streams through user-conﬁgurable parameters. A meter is used to measure the trafﬁc stream against a trafﬁc proﬁle, which you create. Thus, creating meters yields In-Proﬁle and Out-of-Proﬁle trafﬁc.

Different meters can be associated with different classiﬁers across a block of classiﬁers. Policies can be conﬁgured without metering, or policies can be conﬁgured with a single meter or match action that applies to all the classiﬁers associated with that policy. Meters and action criteria cannot be deﬁned in both the policy deﬁnition and the individual classiﬁer deﬁnition.

A policy can be created with a meter that is applied to all classiﬁers, and a policy can be created that has meters applied to individual classiﬁers; however, both types cannot be in the same policy or action.

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Trusted, untrusted, and unrestricted interfaces 29

A meter applied to a policy has that metering criteria applied to each port of the interface group (role combination). In other words, the speciﬁed bandwidth is allocated on each port, not distributed across all ports.

Using meters, a Committed Rate in Kb/s (1000 b/s in each Kb/s) can be set. All trafﬁc within this Committed Rate is In-Proﬁle. Additionally, a Maximum Burst Rate can be set that speciﬁes an allowed data burst larger than the Committed Rate for a brief period. After this is set, the system offers suggestions in choosing the Duration for this burst. Combined, these parameters deﬁne the In-Proﬁle trafﬁc.

ATTENTION

The range for the committed rate is 64 to 32000000 Kb/s.

An example of trafﬁc policing is limiting trafﬁc entering a port to a speciﬁed bandwidth, such as 5000 Kb/s (Committed Rate). Instead of dropping all trafﬁc that exceeds this threshold, a Maximum Burst Rate can be conﬁgured to exceed the threshold (Committed Rate), for a brief period of time (Duration), without being dropped.

ATTENTION

The range for the committed rate is 64 to 32000000 Kb/s.

Meter deﬁnitions where the committed burst size is too small, based on the requested committed rate, are rejected. The committed burst size can be only one of the following discrete values (in bytes): 4096 (4K), 8192 (8K), 16384 (16K), 32768 (32K), 65536 (64K), 131072 (128K), 262144 (256K), 524288 (512K), 1048576 (1024K), 16777216 (16384K), 2097152 (2048K), 4194304 (4096K), 8388608 (8192K).

Trusted, untrusted, and unrestricted interfaces

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series ports are classiﬁed into three categories:

•

trusted

•

untrusted

•

unrestricted

The classiﬁcations of trusted, untrusted, and unrestricted actually apply to groups of ports (interface groups). These three categories are also referred to as interface classes. In your network, trusted ports are usually connected to the core of the DiffServ network, and untrusted ports are typically access links that are connected to end stations. Unrestricted ports can be either access links or connected to the core network.

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At factory default, all ports are considered untrusted. However, for those interface groups created, the default is unrestricted.

Because a port can belong to only one interface group, a port is classiﬁed as trusted, untrusted, or unrestricted. These types are also referred to as interface classes.

Trusted and untrusted ports are automatically associated with policies that initiate default trafﬁc processing. This default processing occurs if:

•

no actions are initiated based on user-deﬁned policy criteria that matches the trafﬁc.

•

the actions associated with the user-deﬁned policy do not conﬂict with the default processing actions.

The default processing of trusted and untrusted interfaces is as follows:

•

Trusted interfaces -- IPv4 trafﬁc received on trusted interfaces is re-marked at the layer 2 level, that is, the 802.1p user priority value is updated based on the DSCP value in the packet at ingress and the installed DSCP-to-CoS mapping data. The DSCP value is not updated. Remapping occurs, by default, only for standardized DSCP values (for example, EF, AFXX) and any proprietary Nortel values. The DSCP values that are remapped are associated with a non-zero 802.1p user priority value in the DSCP-to-COS Mapping Table.

•

Untrusted interfaces -- IPv4 trafﬁc received on untrusted interfaces is re-marked at the layer 3 level--that is, the DSCP value is updated. The new DSCP value is determined differently depending on whether the packet is untagged or tagged:

— Untagged frames

The DSCP value is derived using the default port priority of the interface receiving the ingressing packet. This default port priority is used to perform a lookup in the installed CoS-to-DSCP mapping table.

The 802.1p user priority value is unchanged--that is, the default port priority determines this value.

(Thus, the DSCP value on untagged frames on untrusted interfaces is updated using the default port priority of the ingress interface; the user sets the default port priority).

— Tagged frames

The DSCP value is re-marked to indicate best-effort treatment is all that is required for this trafﬁc.

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The 802.1p user priority value is updated based on the DSCP-to-CoS mapping data associated with the best effort DSCP, which is 0.

"Default QoS ﬁelds by class of interface--IPv4 only" (page 31) shows the

default guidelines the switch uses to re-mark various ﬁelds of IPv4 trafﬁc (and layer 2 trafﬁc matching IPv4) based on the class of the interface. These actions occur if the user does not intervene at all; they are the default actions of the switch.

Default QoS ﬁelds by class of interface--IPv4 only

Type of filter Action Trusted Untrusted Unrestricted

DSCP Does not

change

•

Tagged--Updates to 0 (Standard)

•

Untagged--Updates using mapping table and port’s default value

Does not change

IPv4 filter criteria or Layer 2 filter criteria matching IPv4

IEEE 802.1pUpdates based

on DSCP mapping table value

Updates based on DSCP mapping table value

Does not change

ATTENTION

The default for layer 2 non-IP trafﬁc is to pass the trafﬁc through all interfaces classes with the QoS values for 802.1p and drop precedence unchanged.

The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series does not trust the DSCP of IPv4 trafﬁc received from an untrusted port, however, it does trust the DSCP of IPv4 trafﬁc received from a trusted port.

L2 non-IP trafﬁc, received on either a trusted port or an untrusted port, traverses the switch with no change.

IPv4 trafﬁc, received on a trusted port, has the 802.1p user priority value re-marked and the drop precedence set, based on the DSCP in the received IP packet.

If an IPv4 packet is received from a trusted port, and either it does not match any of the classiﬁer elements installed by the user on this port or it does match a classiﬁer element but is not dropped, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series uses default system classiﬁers to change the packet IEEE 802.1p and drop precedence based on the DSCP of the packet.

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If an IPv4 packet is received from an untrusted port and it does not match any one of the classiﬁer elements installed by the user on the port, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series uses default system classiﬁers to change the packet DSCP, IEEE 802.1p priority, and drop precedence as follows:

•

If the packet is tagged, the 802.1p user priority value is derived from the DSCP-to-CoS mapping table using the best effort DSCP, which is 0.

•

If an IPv4 packet is untagged, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series uses the default classiﬁer to change the DSCP based on the default IEEE 802.1p priority of the ingress untrusted port to index into the DSCP-to-CoS mapping table to determine the DSCP value.

System requirements for network service class deﬁnitions and mapping to DSCP

DiffServ Code Point (DSCP)

Logical queue number

Recommended scheduler

Network service

class

CS7, CS6

Weighted Network

EF, CS5

Priority Premium

AF1x, CS1

Weighted Bronze

AF4x, AF3x, AF2x, CS4, CS3, CS2, DF (CSO), all unspecified DSCPs

Weighted Standard

Specifying policies

ATTENTION

Conﬁgure interface groups (role combinations), classiﬁcation criteria, actions, and meters before attempting to reference that data in a policy.

When network trafﬁc attributes match those speciﬁed in a trafﬁc pattern, the policy instructs the network device to perform a speciﬁed action on each packet that passes through it. A policy is a set of rules and actions that are applied to speciﬁc ports.

When conﬁguring policies, it is important to consider that the policy with the highest precedence is evaluated ﬁrst, then the policy with the next lowest precedence and so on. The valid precedence range for QoS policies is 1 to 7. For example, with a precedence of 1 to 7, the system begins the evaluation with 7, moves on to 6, and so forth.

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Specifying policies 33

The valid precedence range can change if certain features are enabled. QoS shares resources with other switch applications such as MAC Security and Port Mirroring. Allocations for non-QoS applications are dynamic. The following list describes how the precedence range is affected by enabling these features:

•

When MAC Security is enabled, it uses the highest available precedence value.

•

When Port Mirroring is enabled using one of the following modes: Asrc, Adst, AsrcBdst, AsrcBdstOrBsrcAdst, AsrcOrAdst, XrxYtxOrYrxXtx, XrxYtx, and the highest available precedence will

be used by Port-Mirroring.

A policy can reference an individual classiﬁer or a classiﬁer block. A policy is a network trafﬁc-controlling mechanism that monitors the

characteristics of the trafﬁc (for example, its source, destination, and protocol), and performs a controlling action on the trafﬁc when certain user-deﬁned characteristics are matched. A policy action is the effect a policy has on network trafﬁc that matches the trafﬁc proﬁle of the policy.

The policies tie together:

•

Actions

•

Meters

•

Classiﬁer elements or classiﬁers or classiﬁer blocks

•

Interface groups

The policies, by connecting these user-deﬁned conﬁgurations, control the trafﬁc on the switch.

Ports can be assigned to interface groups that are linked to policies. Port-based policies eliminate the need to create an interface group for a single port, and are used to directly apply a policy to a single port.

Although a single policy can reference only one interface group, you can conﬁgure several policies that reference the same interface group. The policies determine the trafﬁc treatment of the ﬂows.

ATTENTION

Policies can be enabled and disabled. Policies do not have to be deleted to be disabled. To modify a policy, it must ﬁrst be deleted and a new policy created.

Statistics can also be tracked for QoS. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series supports statistics for each policy and for each policy, classiﬁer, or interface statistics tracking.

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Packet ﬂow using QoS

Using DiffServ and QoS, a speciﬁc performance level for packets can be designated. This system allows for network trafﬁc prioritization. However, it requires some thought to conﬁgure the prioritization. A number of policies can be speciﬁed and each policy can match one or many ﬂows, supporting complex classiﬁcation scenarios.

This section contains a very simpliﬁed introduction to the many ways to prioritize packets using QoS. In simple terms, the methods of prioritizing packets depend on the DSCP and the 802.1 priority level and drop precedence.

The QoS class basically directs which group of packets receives the best network throughput, which group of packets receives the next best throughput, and so on. The level of service for each packet is determined by the conﬁgurable DSCP.

The availablelevels of QoS classes are currently named Network, Premium, Platinum, Gold, Silver, Bronze, and Standard. The level of service for each packet is determined by the conﬁgurable DSCP.

Classiﬁer elements, classiﬁers, and classiﬁer blocks basically sort the packets by various conﬁgurable parameters. These parameters include VLAN IDs, IP source and subnet address, IP protocol, and many others.

The classiﬁers/classiﬁer blocks are associated with policies, and policies are organized into a hierarchy. The policy with the highest precedence is evaluated ﬁrst. The classiﬁer elements, classiﬁers, and classiﬁer blocks are associated with interface groups, in that packets from a speciﬁc port will have the same classiﬁcation parameters as all others in the particular interface group (role combination).

Meters, operating at ingress, keep the sorted packets within certain parameters. A committed rate of trafﬁc can be conﬁgured, allowinga certain size for a temporary burst, as In-Proﬁle trafﬁc. All other trafﬁc is conﬁgured as Out-of-Proﬁle trafﬁc. If you choose not to meter the ﬂow, you do not conﬁgure meters.

Actions determine how the trafﬁc is treated. The overall total of all the interacting QoS factors on a group of packets

is a policy. Policies can be conﬁgured that monitor the characteristics of the trafﬁc and perform a controlling action on the trafﬁc when certain user-deﬁned characteristics are matched.

"QoS Policy Schematic" (page 35) provides a schematic overview of QoS

policies.

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Queue sets 35

QoS Policy Schematic

Queue sets

A QoS queue set is used to logically represent the queuing capabilities that are associated with an egress QoS interface. A queue set is comprised of a number of related queuing components that dictate the queuing behavior supported by the set itself. These include:

•

Queue service discipline, indicates the means through which queues (competing for limited transmission bandwidth) and the packets held in the queues are scheduled for transmission.

•

Queue bandwidth allocation, indicates the absolute or relative amount of bandwidth that can be consumed by the queues in the set. When queues are serviced using a Weighted Round Robin (WRR) discipline, these values represent the weights associated with the queues.

•

Queue service order, when multiple service disciplines are in use, the service order indicates service precedence assigned to individual queues (strict priority) or clusters of queues (WRR).

ATTENTION

Egress queuing and buffering characteristics and the CoS-to-queue priorities are the same across all QoS ports. The Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series has factory default queue set and buffer allocation mode values based on the the following parameters:

•

default queue set: queue set 4 (WRR)

•

buffer allocation mode: Maximum

Modifying CoS-to-queue priorities

The association of 802.1p, or CoS, values to each queue within the queue set can be modiﬁed. Within the queue set a value of 0 to 7 can be assigned to each queue in the set.

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ATTENTION

Any modiﬁcation to the CoS-to-queue values takes effect immediately; the system does have to be reset to modify these values.

QoS conﬁguration guidelines

Classiﬁers can be installed that act on trafﬁc destined for the switch, such as ICMP Echo Requests (ping) and SNMP messages. If the associated action is to drop the trafﬁc, the switch is locked from further use.

When using QoS on the Ethernet Routing Switch 4500, resources are shared across groups of ports. Each hardware device (ASIC) contains 24 to 26 ports (see the following table) and supports the following scaling:

•

Up to 128 classiﬁers for each mask precedence for each ASIC.

•

Up to 64 meters for each mask precedence for each ASIC.

•

Up to 64 counters for each mask precedence for each ASIC.

•

Up to 8 precedence masks for each port.

• Up to 16 range checkers for each ASIC.

Model

ASIC Device 1 ASIC Device 2

4526FX Port 1 - 26 4550T Port 1 - 24 Port 25 - 50 4550T-PWR Port 1 - 24 Port 25 - 48 4548GT Port 1 - 24 Port 25 - 48 4548GT-PWR Port 1 - 24 Port 25 - 48 4526T Port 1 - 26 4526T-PWR Port 1 - 26 4524GT Port 1 - 24 4526GTX Port 1 - 26 4526GTX-PWR Port 1 - 26

To view QoS resources, use the NNCLI command show qos diag. Up to 8 policies, composed of up to 128 rules each can be added for each

hardware device (ASIC).

QoS conﬁguration example

If you are using QoS on the Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series 4548GT switch, you can add up to 128 rules to any ports from 1 to 24, using policy preference 7. You can also add another 128 rules to any ports from 25 to 48, using the same policy preference (7).

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Queue sets 37

ATTENTION

A maximum of 16 port ranges are supported for each hardware device (ASIC).

Up to 8 policies, composed of up to 128 rules each can be added for each hardware device (ASIC).

Using unrestricted role for ports, trafﬁc will be prioritized based on 802.1p priority, allowing ﬁlters to be conﬁgured based on speciﬁc application needs. For example, assign all packets marked with DSCP EF priority, such as with VoIP, to the highest priority queue.

Example

qos if-group name "Trust_VoIP" class unrestricted no qos if-assign port 2-50 qos if-assign port 1 name Trust_VoIP qos ip-element 1 ds-field 46 qos classifier 1 set-id 1 name "Trust_VoIP" element-type ip element-id 1 qos policy 1 name "Trust_VoIP" if-group "Trust_VoIP" clfr-type classifier clfr-id 1 in-profile-action 7 precedence 7 track-statistics

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Chapter 2 Conﬁguring Quality of Service (QoS) with the CLI

This chapter discusses how to conﬁgure DiffServ and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters for policy-enabled networks using the Command Line Interface (CLI).

ATTENTION

When the ignore value is used in QoS, the system matches all values for that parameter.

Displaying QoS Parameters

QoS parameters are displayed using the show qos command. The show qos command displays the current QoS policy conﬁguration. The syntax for the show qos command is

show qos

[acl-assign <1 - 65535> |

if-group |

if-assign [port <portlist>]|

queue-set |

queue-set-assignment |

ingressmap |

egressmap [ds <0-63> | status]|

ip-element [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

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l2-element [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

classifier [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

classifier-block [user | system | all | <1-65535> ] |

action [user | system | all] |

if-action-extension [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

meter [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

if-shaper [port <portlist>]|

policy [user | system | all | <1-65535>] |

agent |

diag [mask | resource] |

ip-acl <1 - 65535> |

l2-acl <1 - 65535> |

capability [meter | shaper] [port <portlist>]]

nsna [classifier | interface | name ]

"show qos parameters" (page 40) outlines the parameters for this command.

show qos parameters

Parameter Description

acl-assign <1 - 65535> Displays the specified access list assignment

entry. if-group Displays the interface groups. if-assign [port <portlist>] Displays the list of interface assignments. queue-set

Displays the queue set configuration. queue-set-assignment Displays the association between the 802.1p

priority to that of a specific queue. ingressmap Displays the 802.1p priority to DSCP mapping. egressmap [ds <0-63> |

status]

Displays the association between the DSCP and

the 802.1p priority and drop precedence.

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Parameter Description

ip-element [user | system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the IP classifier element entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

l2-element [user | system | all |<1-65535>]

Displays the Layer 2 element entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

system-element[user|system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the system classifier element entries.

classifier [user | system | all <1-65535>]

Displays the classifier set entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

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Parameter Description

classifier-block [user | system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the classifier block entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

action [user | system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the base action entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

if-action-extension [user | system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the interface action entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

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Parameter Description

meter [user | system | all | <1-65535>]

Displays the meter entries.

•

user - displays user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

if-shaper port <portlist> Displays the interface shaping parameters. policy [user | system | all |

1-65535>]

Displays the policy entries.

•

user - displays only user-created and default entries

•

system - displays only system entries

•

all - displays user-created, default, and system entries

•

<1-65535> - displays a particular entry

Default is all.

statistics <1-65535> Displays the policy and filter statistics values. nsna [classifier | interface |

name ]

Displays the nsna entries:

•

classifier - displays QoS NSNA classifier entries.

•

interface - displays QoS NSNA interface entries.

•

name - specify the label to display a particular NSNA template entry.

agent

Displays the global QoS parameters.

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Parameter Description

diag [mask | resource]

Displays the diagnostics entries. Mask displays

the QoS mask precedence use, and resource

displays the QoS resource use. ip-acl <1 - 65535> Displays the specified IP access list assignment

entry. l2-acl <1 - 65535> Displays the specified Layer 2 access list

assignment entry. capability [meter | shaper]

[port <portlist>]

Displays QoS meter or shaper port capabilities.

The show qos command is executed in the Privileged EXEC command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS Access Lists

The CLI commands described in this section allow for the conﬁguration and management of QoS access lists. For information on displaying this information, refer to "Displaying QoS Parameters" (page 39).

qos acl-assign command

The qos acl-assign command is used to assign ports to an access list. The syntax for the qos acl-assign command is

qos acl-assign [<1 - 55000>] [enable]

[port <port_list>] acl-type {ip | l2} name <name>

"qos acl-assign parameters" (page 44) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos acl-assign parameters

Parameter Description

<1 - 55000>

A unique identifier for the access list assignment. enable Enable the access-list assignment entry. port <port_list> Thelist of ports assigned to the specified access list. acl-type {ip | l2}

The type of access list used; IP or Layer 2. name <name>

The name of the access list to be used. Access lists

must be configured before ports can be assigned to

them. Refer to "qos ip-acl command" (page 45) and

"qos l2-acl command" (page 46) for information on

performing these tasks.

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This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no qos acl-assign command

The no qos acl-assign command removes an access list assignment. The no qos acl-assign <aclassignid> enable command disables

an access list assignment. The syntax for this command is

no qos acl-assign <aclassignid> enable

Substitute <aclassignid> above with the unique identiﬁer of the access list assignment to remove or disable.

Run the no qos acl-assign command in Global Conﬁguration command mode.

qos ip-acl command

The qos ip-acl command creates an IP access list. The syntax for this command is

qos ip-acl name <name>

[addr-type <addrtype>] [src-ip <source_ip>] [dst-ip <destination_ip>] [ds-field <dscp>] [{protocol <protocol_type> | next_header <header>}] [src-port-min <port>

src-port-max <port>]

[dst-port-min <port>

dst-port-max <port>]

[session-id <sessionid>] [drop-action {enable | disable}] [update-dscp <0 - 63>] [update-1p <0 - 7>] [set-drop-prec {high drop | low drop}] [block <block_name>]

"qos ip-acl parameters" (page 45) outlines the parameters for this command.

qos ip-acl parameters

Parameter Description

name <name>

The name assigned to this access list. addr-type <addrtype> The IP address type to use for the access list; range

is ipv4 or ipv6.

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Parameter Description

src-ip <source_ip> The source IP address and mask to use for this access

list, in the form of a.b.c.d/x for IPv4, or x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/z

for IPv6. dst-ip <destination_ip> The destination IP address to use for this access list. ds-field <dscp> The DSCP value to use for this access list; range is 0-63. {protocol <protocol_

type> | next_header <header>}

The protocol type or IP header to use with this access

list.

src-port-min <port> src-port-max <port>

The minimum and maximum source ports to use with

this access list. Both values must be specified. dst-port-min <port>

dst-port-max <port>

The minimum and maximum destination ports to use

with the access list. Both values must be specified. session-id<sessionid> The flow ID to use with this access list. drop-action {enable |

disable}

The drop action to use for this access list. Enable

specifies to drop packets and disable specifies to not

drop packets. update-dscp <0 - 63> The DSCP value to update for this access list. update-1p <0 - 7> The 802.1p value to update for this access list. set-drop-prec

{high-drop | low-drop}

The drop precedence to configure for this access list.

block <block_name> The block name to associate with the access list.

This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no qos ip-acl command

The no qos ip-acl command is used to remove an IP access list. The syntax for this command is

no qos ip-acl <aclid>

Substitute <aclid> above with the unique identiﬁer of the IP access list to remove. This value is between 1 and 55000.

This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

qos l2-acl command

The qos l2-acl command is used to create a Layer 2 access list. The syntax for this command is

qos l2-acl name <name>

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[src-mac <source_mac_address>] [src-mac-mask <source_mac_address_mask>] [dst-mac <destination_mac_address>] [dst-mac-mask <destination_mac_address_mask>]

[vlan-min <vid_min>

vlan-max <vid_max>]

[vlan-tag <tagged | untagged>] [ethertype <etype>] [priority <ieee1p_seq>] [drop-action {enable | disable}] [update-dscp <0 - 63>] [update-1p <0 - 7>] [set-drop-prec {high-drop | low-drop}] [block <block_name>]

"qos l2-acl parameters" (page 47) outlines the parameters for this command.

qos l2-acl parameters

Parameter Description

name <name>

The name assigned to this access list.

src-mac <source_mac_ address>

The source MAC address to use for this access list.

src-mac-mask <source_ mac_address_mask>

The source MAC address mask to use for this access list.

[dst-mac <destination_ mac_address>]

The destination MAC address to use for this access list.

dst-mac-mask <destination_mac_a ddress_mask>

The destination MAC address mask to use for this access list.

vlan-min <vid_min> vlan-max <vid_max>

The minimum and maximum VLANs to use with this access list. Both values must be specified.

vlan-tag <tagged | untagged>

Specify the VLAN tag classifier criteria:

• untagged

•

tagged

The default is Ignore.

ethertype <etype> The Ethernet protocol type to use with the access list. priority <ieee1p_seq> The priority value to use with this access list. Valid

range is 0-7 or all.

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Parameter Description

drop-action {enable | disable}

The drop action to use for this access list. Enable specifies to drop packets and disable specifies to not

drop packets. update-dscp <0 - 63> The DSCP value to update for this access list. update-1p <0 - 7> The 802.1p value to update for this access list. set-drop-prec {high-drop

| low-drop}

The drop precedence to configure for this access list.

block <block_name> The block name to associate with the access list.

This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no qos l2-acl command

The no qos l2-acl command is used to remove a Layer 2 access list. The syntax for this command is

no qos l2-acl <aclid>

Substitute <aclid> above with the unique identiﬁer of the IP access list to remove. This value is between 1 and 55000.

This command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Conﬁguring the CoS-to-Queue Assignments

CoS-to-queue assignments can be queried and modiﬁed using the following CLI commands.

qos queue-set-assignment command

The qos queue-set-assignment command associates the 802.1p priority values with a speciﬁc queue within a speciﬁc queue set. This association determines the egress scheduling treatment that trafﬁc with a speciﬁc 802.1p priority value receives.

ATTENTION

The Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 supports a ﬁxed queue set size of 4.

The syntax for the qos queue-set-assignment command is

qos queue-set-assignment queue-set 4 1p <0-7> queue <1-4>

"qos queue-set-assignment parameters" (page 49) outlines the parameters

for this command.

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Conﬁguring QoS Interface Groups 49

qos queue-set-assignment parameters

Parameter Description

1p <0-7>

Enter the 802.1p priority value for which the queue association is being modified; range is between 0 and 7.

queue <1-4>

Enter a number from 1 to 4 to specify the queue within the identified queue set to assign the 802.1p priority traffic at egress.

The qos queue-set-assignment command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS Interface Groups

Ports can be added or deleted to or from an interface group or add or delete the interface groups themselves. This section covers the following CLI commands.

qos if-assign command

The qos if-assign command adds ports to a deﬁned interface group. The syntax for the qos if-assign command is

qos if-assign [port <portlist>] name [<WORD>]

"qos if-assign parameters" (page 49) describes the parameters for this

command.

qos if-assign parameters

Parameter Description

port <portlist> Enter the ports to add to interface group. name <WORD> Specify name of interface group.

The qos if-assign command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

The system automatically removes the port from an existing interface group to assign it to a new interface group.

no qos if-assign command

The no qos if-assign command deletes ports from a deﬁned interface group.

The syntax for the no qos if-assign command is

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no qos if-assign [port <portlist>]

Substitute port <portlist> above with the ports to delete from the interface group.

The no qos if-assign command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration command mode.

qos if-group command

The qos if-group command creates interface groups. The syntax for the qos if-group command is

qos if-group name <WORD> class <trusted | untrusted | unrestricted>

"qos if-group parameters" (page 50) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos if-group parameters

Parameter Description

name <WORD> Enter the name of the interface group; maximum is 32

US-ASCII. Name must begin with a letter a..z or A..Z.

class field; QoS: trusted ports; QoS:untrusted ports; QoS: unrestricted ports; interfaces; QoS:interfaces class <trusted | untrusted | unrestricted>

Defines a new interface group and specifies the class of traffic received on interfaces associated with this interface group:

•

trusted

•

untrusted

• unrestricted

The qos if-group command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no qos if-group command

The no qos if-group command deletes interface groups. The syntax for the no qos if-group command is

no qos if-group name <WORD>

Substitute <WORD> above with the name of the interface group to delete. The no qos if-group command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration

command mode.

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Conﬁguring DSCP and 802.1p and Queue Associations 51

ATTENTION

An interface group referenced by an installed policy cannot be deleted.

Conﬁguring DSCP and 802.1p and Queue Associations

. DSCP, IEEE802.1p priority, and queue set association can be conﬁgured

using the CLI. This section covers the CLI following commands.

qos egressmap command

The qos egressmap command conﬁgures DSCP-to-802.1p priority and drop precedence associations that are used for assigning these values at packet egress, based on the DSCP in the received packet.

The syntax for the qos egressmap command is

qos egressmap [name <WORD>] [ds <0-63>] [1p <0-7>] [dp <low-drop | high-drop>]

"qos egressmap parameters" (page 51) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos egressmap parameters

Parameter Description

name <WORD> Specify the label for the egress mapping. ds <0-63> Enter the DSCP value used as a lookup key for

802.1p priority and drop precedence at egress when appropriate; range is between 0 and 63.

1p <0-7>

Enter the 802.1p priority value associated with the DSCP; range is between 0 and 7.

dp <low-drop | high-drop>

Enter the drop precedence values associated with the DSCP:

•

low-drop

•

high-drop

The qos egressmap command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

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default qos egressmap command

The default qos egressmap command resets the egress mapping entries to factory default values.

The syntax for the default qos egressmap command is

default qos egressmap

The default qos egressmap command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

qos ingressmap command

The qos ingressmap command conﬁgures 802.1p priority-to-DSCP associations that are used for assigning default values at packet ingress based on the 802.1p value in the ingressing packet.

The syntax for the qos ingressmap command is

qos ingressmap [name <WORD>] 1p <0-7> ds <0-63>

"qos ingressmap parameters" (page 52) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos ingressmap parameters

Parameter Description

name <WORD> Specify the label for the ingress mapping. 1p <0-7>

Enter the 802.1p priority used as lookup key for DSCP assignment at ingress; range is between 0 and 7.

ds <0-63> Enter the DSCP value associated with the target 802.1p

priority; range is between 0 and 63.

The qos ingressmap command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

default qos ingress command

The default qos ingressmap command resets the ingress mapping entries to factory default values.

The syntax for the default qos ingressmap command is

default qos ingressmap

The default qos ingressmap command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

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Conﬁguring QoS for the Nortel SNA solution 53

Conﬁguring QoS for the Nortel SNA solution

When you assign a ﬁlter set name using the nsna vlan <vid> color <red|yellow|green> filter <name> command (for example, nsna vlan 110 color red filter redFilter), the switch automatically

creates all the necessary (default) QoS classiﬁers for the speciﬁed color with the name you assigned (in this case, redFilter) if that ﬁlter set does not already exist. If you had previously deﬁned the ﬁlter set (using the qos nsna command), then that pre-existent ﬁlter set is used. Once a ﬁlter set is created, it can be modiﬁed using the qos nsna command. NSNA functionality applies QoS ﬁlter sets to NSNA-enabled ports. A user deﬁnes a ﬁlter set ﬁrst by deﬁning the individual ﬁlters, followed by the overall ﬁlter set itself. The individual ﬁlters and the ﬁlter set share the same name string.

Note: When the Nortel SNA ﬁlters are applied to a port, any existing QoS ﬁlters on that port are disabled, and the Nortel SNA ﬁlters are applied. Pre-existing policies are re-enabled when Nortel SNA is disabled.

To conﬁgure QoS for Nortel SNA ﬁlters, use the following command from the Global conﬁguration mode:

qos nsna

This command includes the following parameters:

Parameter Description

classifier name [addr-type {ipv4|ipv6}] [block] [drop-action] [ds-field] [dst-ip] [dst-mac] [dst-port-min] [ethertype] [eval-order] [flow-id] [next-header] [priority] [protocol] [set-drop-prec] [src-ip] [src-mac] [src-port-min] [update-1p] [update-dscp] [vlan-min] [ vlan-tag]

Creates the QoS Nortel SNA classifier entry. Optional parameters:

•

addr-type {ipv4|ipv6} specifies the type of IP address used by this classifier entry. The type is limited to IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

•

block specifies the label to identify access list elements that are of the same block.

•

drop-action specifies whether or not to drop non-conforming traffic.

• ds-field specifies the value for the DiffServ Codepoint (DSCP) in a packet.

• dst-ip specifies the IP address to match against the destination IP address of a packet.

•

dst-mac specifies the MAC address against which the MAC destination address of incoming packets is compared.

•

dst-port-min specifies the minimum value for the layer 4 destination port number in a packet.

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Parameter Description

•

ethertype specifies a value indicating the version of Ethernet protocol being used.

•

eval-order specifies the evaluation order for all elements with the same name.

•

flow-id specifies the flow identifier for IPv6 packets.

•

next-header specifies the IPv6 next-header value. Values are in the range 0-255.

•

priority specifies a value for the 802.1p user priority.

•

protocol specifies the IPv4 protocol value.

•

set-drop-prec specifies automatic drop precendence

•

src-ip specifies the IP address to match against the source IP address of a packet.

•

src-mac specifies the MAC source address of incoming packets.

•

src-port-min specifies the minimum value for the Layer 4 source port number in a packet.

• update-1p specifies an 802.1p value used to update user priority.

• update-dscp specifies a value used to update the DSCP field in an IPv4 packet.

•

vlan-min specifies the minimum value for the VLAN ID in a packet.

•

vlan-tag specifies the type of VLAN tagging in a packet.

set name [commited-rate] [drop-nm-action] [drop-out-action] [max-burst-rate] [max-burst-duration] [update-dscp-out-action]

Creates the QoS Nortel SNA set. Optional parameters:

•

commited-rate specifies the commited rate in Kbps.

•

drop-nm-action specifies the action to take when the packet is non-matching. This action is applied to all traffic that was not previously matched by the specified filtering data. Options are enable (packet is dropped) and disable (packet is not dropped).

•

drop-out-action specifies the action to take when a packet is out-of-profile. This action is only applied if metering is being enforced, and if the traffic is deemed out of profile based on the level of traffic and the metering criteria. Options are enable (packet is dropped) and disable (packet is not dropped).

•

max-burst-rate specifies the maximum number of bytes allowed in a single transmission burst.

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Parameter Description

•

max-burst-duration specifies the maximum burst duration in milliseconds.

•

update-dscp-out-action specifies the action to take when a dscp filed in an IPv4 packet is out of profile.

Note: To modify an entry in a ﬁlter set, you must delete the entry and add a new entry with the desired modiﬁcations.

Example: using qos nsna commands

The following command is an example of adding a classiﬁer to an existing ﬁlter set (in this example, the ALPHAYELLOW ﬁlter set):

qos nsna classifier name ALPHAYELLOW dst-ip 10.80.22.25/32 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable eval-order 70

The following commands are an example of adding a classiﬁer block (remedial) to an existing ﬁlter set (ALPHAYELLOW):

Note: To consume only one precedence level, group classiﬁers in a classiﬁer block.

qos nsna classifier name ALPHAYELLOW dst-ip 10.80.22.25/32 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block remedial eval-order 70

qos nsna classifier name ALPHAYELLOW dst-ip 10.16.50.30/32 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block remedial eval-order 71

qos nsna classifier name ALPHAYELLOW dst-ip 10.81.21.21/32 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block remedial eval-order 72

The following commands are an example of classiﬁers conﬁgured to allow various TCP/UDP destination ports in the red ﬁlter set, and conﬁgured as a classiﬁer block (novell):

qos nsna classifier name red protocol 17 dst-port-min 427 dst-port-max 427 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block novell eval-order 101

qos nsna classifier name red protocol 6 dst-port-min 524 dst-port-max 524 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block novell eval-order 102

qos nsna classifier name red protocol 6 dst-port-min 396 dst-port-max 396 ethertype 0x0800 drop-action disable block novell eval-order 103

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Deleting a classiﬁer, classiﬁer block, or an entire ﬁlter set

To delete an entire ﬁlter set, use the following command from the Global conﬁguration mode:

no qos nsna name <filter name>

where <ﬁlter name> is the label used to reference the Nortel SNA entry. To delete a classiﬁer, use the following command from the Global

conﬁguration mode:

no qos nsna name <filter name> eval-order <value>

where <ﬁlter name> is the label used to reference the Nortel SNA entry and <value> is the evaluation order identiﬁer that references the speciﬁc Nortel SNA entry.

To delete a classiﬁer block, use the command for deleting a classiﬁer to delete all the classiﬁer members in that block.

Note: You cannot delete all the classiﬁers in a ﬁlter set. There should always be at least one remaining.

Conﬁguring QoS Elements, Classiﬁers, and Classiﬁer Blocks

Elements, classiﬁers, and classiﬁer blocks can be conﬁgured using the CLI. This section covers the CLI following commands.

qos ip-element command

The qos ip-element command adds IP classiﬁer element entries. The syntax for the qos ip-element command is

qos ip-element <cid> [addr-type <addrtype>][src-ip <src-ip-info>][dst-ip <dst-ip-info>][ds-field <dscp>][protocol <protocoltype>][src-port-min <port> src-port-max <port>][next-header <nextheader>][dst-port-min <port> dst-port-max <port>] [session-id <sessionid>]

"qos ip-element parameters" (page 56) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos ip-element parameters

Parameter Description

<cid> Enter an integer to specify the element ID. The

allowable range of values is 1 to 55000.

addr-type <addrtype> Specify the address type, either ipv4 or ipv6.

Default is ipv4.

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Parameter Description

src-ip <src-ip-info> Enter the source IP address and mask in the

form of a.b.c.d/x for IPv4, or x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/z for IPv6.

Default is 0.0.0.0.

dst-ip <dst-ip-info> Enter the source IP address and mask in the

form of a.b.c.d/x or a.b.c.d x.x.x.x for IPv4, or x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x/z for IPv6.

Default is 0.0.0.0.

ds-field <0-63> Enter 6-bit DSCP value; range is 0 to 63.

Default is ignore.

protocol <protocoltype> Specify the IPv4 protocol classifier criteria;

range is 0 to 255.

src-port-min <port> src-port-max <port>

Specify the L4 source port minimum value and maximum value filter criteria.

dst-port-min <port> dst-port-max <port>

Specify the L4 destination port minimum value and maximum value filter criteria.

next-header Specify the IPv6 next header classifier criteria;

range is 0 to 255.

session-id <sessionid> Specify the IPv6 flow identifier.

The qos ip-element command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

no qos ip-element command

The no qos ip-element command deletes IP classiﬁer element entries. The syntax for the no qos ip-element command is

no qos ip-element <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the element ID. The no qos ip-element command can be executed in the Global

Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

An IP element that is referenced in a classiﬁer cannot be deleted.

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qos l2-element command

The qos l2-element command adds Layer 2 elements. The syntax for the qos l2-element command is

qos l2-element <1-55000> [src-mac <src-mac>][src-mac-mask <src-mac-mask>][dst-mac <dst-mac>][dst-mac-mask <dst-mac-mask>][vlan-min <vid-min> vlan-max <vid-max>][vlan-tag <tagged | untagged>][ethertype <etype>][priority <ieee1p-seq>]

"qos l2-element parameters" (page 58) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos l2-element parameters

Parameter Description

<1-55000>

Enter an integer to specify the element ID; range is 1 to 55000.

src-mac <src-mac>

Specify the source MAC element criteria. Enter in the format H.H.H.

src-mac-mask <src-mac-mask>

Specify the source MAC mask element criteria. Enter in the format H.H.H.

dst-mac <dst-mac> Specify the destination MAC element criteria.

Enter in the format H.H.H.

dst-mac-mask <dst-mac-mask>

Specify the destination MAC mask element criteria. Enter in the format H.H.H.

vlan-min <vid-min> Specify the VLAN ID minimum value element

criteria. Range is 1 to 4094.

vlan-max <vid-max> Specify the VLAN ID maximum value element

criteria. Range is 1 to 4094.

vlan-tag <tagged | untagged>

Specify the VLAN tag classifier criteria:

•

untagged

•

tagged

The default is Ignore.

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Parameter Description

ethertype <etype> Enter the Ethernet type in the form of 0xXXXX,

for example, 0x0801. Default is ignore.

priority <ieee1p-seq> Enter the 802.1p priority values; range from 0

to 7 or all. Default is ignore.

The qos l2-element command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

A Layer 2 element referenced in a classiﬁer cannot be deleted.

no qos l2-element command

The no qos l2-element command deletes Layer 2 element entries. The syntax for the no qos l2-element command is

no qos l2-element <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the ID of the element to be deleted. The no qos l2-element command is executed in the Global

Conﬁguration command mode.

qos classiﬁer command

The qos classifier command facilitates the linking of individual IP and L2 classiﬁer elements into a single classiﬁer.

The syntax for the qos classifier command is

qos classifier <1-55000> set-id <1-55000> [name <WORD>] element-type {ip | l2 | system} element-id <1-55000> [session-id <1-4294967295>]

"qos classiﬁer parameters" (page 60) outlines the parameters for this

command.

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qos classiﬁer parameters

Parameter Description

classifier <1-55000> Enter an integer to specify the classifier ID; range

is 1 to 55000.

set-id <1-55000> Enter an integer to specify the classifier set ID;

range is 1 to 55000.

name <WORD> Specify the set label; maximum is 16 alphanumeric

characters.

element-type {ip| l2 |system}

Specify the element type; either ip or l2, or system

classifier. element-id <1-55000> Specify the element ID; range is 1 to 55000. session-id <1-4294967295> Specify the session ID.

The qos classifier command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

A classiﬁer that is referenced in a classiﬁer block or installed policy cannot be deleted.

no qos classiﬁer command

The no qos classifier command deletes classiﬁer entries. The syntax for the no qos classifier command is

no qos classifier <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the classiﬁer ID of the classiﬁer to be deleted.

The no qos classifier command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

Each classiﬁer can have only a single IP classiﬁer element plus a single L2 classiﬁer element or system classiﬁer element. However, a classiﬁer can be created using only one IP classiﬁer element or only one L2 classiﬁer element or only one system classiﬁer element.

qos classiﬁer-block command

The qos classifier-block command combines individual classiﬁers. The syntax for the qos classifier-block command is

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qos classifier-block <1-55000> block-number <1-55000> [name <WORD>]{set-id <1-55000> | set-name <WORD>} [{in-profile-action <1-55000> | in-profile-action-name <WORD>} | {meter <1-55000> | meter-name <WORD>}] [session-id <1-4294967295>]

"qos classiﬁer-block parameters" (page 61) outlines the parameters for

this command.

qos classiﬁer-block parameters

Parameter Description

classifier-block<1-55000> Enter an integer to specify the classifier block ID;

range is 1 to 55000.

block-number <1-55000> Specify the classifier block number; range is 1 to

55000.

name <WORD> Specify the label for the classifier block; maximum is

16 alphanumeric characters.

set-id <1-55000> Specify the classifier set to be linked to the classifier

block; range is 1 to 55000.

set-name <WORD> Specify the classifier set name to be linked to

the classifier block; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters.

in-profile-action <1-55000>

Specify the in profile action to be linked to the filter block; range is 1 to 55000.

in-profile-action-name <WORD>

Specify the in profile action name to be linked to the classifier block; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters.

meter <1-55000>

Specify the meter to be linked to the classifier block; range is 1 to 55000.

meter-name <WORD> Specify the meter name to be linked to the classifier

block; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters.

session-id <1-4294967295>Specify the session ID.

The qos classifier-block command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

A classiﬁer block that is referenced in an installed policy cannot be deleted.

no qos classiﬁer-block command

The no qos classifier-block command deletes classiﬁer block entries.

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The syntax for the no qos classifier-block command is

no qos classifier-block <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the ID of the classiﬁer block to be deleted. The no qos classifier-block command is executed in the Global

Conﬁguration command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS system-element

qos system-element command

The qos system-elementcommand conﬁgures the system classiﬁer element parameters that may be used in QoS policies.

The syntax for the qos system element command is

"qos system-element parameters" (page 62) outlines the parameters for

this command.

qos system-element parameters

Parameter Description

<1-55000>

System classifier element entry id; range is 1

to 55000. known-mcast Filter on known multicast destination address. unknown-mcast Filter on unknown multicast destination address. unknown-ucast Filter on unknown unicast destination address. pattern-ip-version <ipv4 | ipv6

| non-ip>

Specify the IP version of the pattern data mask.

Valid values are: ipv4, ipv6, or non-ip. pattern-format <tagged |

untagged>

Specify the format of the pattern data mask.

Valid values are tagged or untagged. pattern-data <WORD>

Byte pattern data to filter on.

ATTENTION

The format of the WORD string is in the

form of XX:XX:XX:....:XX.

session-id <1-4294967295> Specify the session ID.

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The qos system-element command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

In order to be able to create a policy based on a system classiﬁer element, you should specify a pattern-ip-version at system element creation. Otherwise, a system element with pattern ip version – Not Applicable will be created. This element will be useful as a template for other system elements.

no qos system-element command

The no qos system-element command deletes the system classiﬁer element entry.

The syntax for the no qos system-element command is

no qos system-element <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the classiﬁer element entry ID of the classiﬁer element to be deleted.

The no qos system-element command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS Actions

The conﬁguration of QoS actions directs the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series to take speciﬁc action on each packet. This section covers the following CLI commands.

qos action command

The qos action command creates or updates a QoS action. The syntax for the qos action command is

qos action <10-55000> [name <WORD>] [drop-action <enable | disable | deferred-pass>] [update-dscp <0-63>] [update-1p {<0-7> | use-tos-prec | use-egress}] [set-drop-prec <low-drop | high-drop>] [action-ext <1-55000> | action-ext-name <WORD>]

"qos action parameters" (page 63) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos action parameters

Parameter Description

<10-55000>

Enter an integer to specify the QoS action; range is 10 to 55000.

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Parameter Description

name <WORD> Assigns a name to a QoS action with the designated

action ID. Enter the name for the action; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters

drop-action<enable | disable | deferred-pass>

Specifies whether packets are dropped or not:

•

enable--drop the traffic flow

•

disable--do not drop the traffic flow

•

deferred-pass--traffic flow decision deferred to other installed policies

Default is deferred pass.

ATTENTION

If you omit this parameter, the default value applies.

update-dscp <0-63> Specifies whether DSCP value are updated or left

unchanged; unchanged equals ignore. Enter the 6-bit DSCP value; range is 0 to 63.

Default is ignore.

update-1p<0-7> Specifies whether 802.1p priority value are updated

or left unchanged; unchanged equals ignore:

• ieee1p--enter the value you want; range is 0 to 7

•

use-egress--uses the egress map to assign value

•

use-tos-prec--uses the type of service precedence to assign value.

Default is ignore.

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Parameter Description

set-drop-prec <low-drop | high-drop>

Enter the loss-sensitivity value:

•

low-drop

•

high-drop

Default is low-drop.

action-ext <1-55000> Enter an integer to specify the action extension;

range is 1 to 55000.

action-ext-name <WORD>

Specify a label for the action extension; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters.

The qos action command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

Certain options can be restricted based on the policy associated with the speciﬁc action. An action that is referenced in a meter or an installed policy cannot be deleted.

ATTENTION

You can notice unequal drop rates for two similar packet ﬂows which use similar sized ﬁxed length packets, in case QOS congestion testing are performed on ERS 4500

no qos action command

The no qos action command deletes QoS action entries. The syntax for the no qos action command is

no qos action <10-55000>

Substitute <10-55000> above with the ID of the QoS action to be deleted. The no qos action command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration

command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS Interface Action Extensions

QoS interface action extensions direct the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series to take speciﬁc action on each packet. This section covers the following CLI commands.

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qos if-action-extension command

The qos if-action-extension command creates interface action extension entries.

The syntax for the qos if-action-extension command is

qos if-action-extension <1-55000> [name <WORD>] {egress-ucast <port> | egress-non-ucast <port> } [sesson-id]

"qos if-action-extension parameters" (page 66) describes the parameters

for this command.

qos if-action-extension parameters

Parameter Description

<1-55000>

Enter an integer to specify the QoS action. The

range is 1 to 55000 name <WORD> Assigns a name to a QoS action with the

designated action ID. Enter the name for the

action; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters egress-ucast <port> |

egress-non-ucast <port>

Specify redirection of unicast/non-unicast to

specified port. session-id Specify the session ID.

The qos if-action-extension command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

An interface extension that is referenced in an action entry cannot be deleted.

ATTENTION

All trafﬁc (both unicast and non-unicast) should be redirected to the same port.

no qos if-action-extension command

The no qos if-action-extension command deletes interface action extension entries.

The syntax for the no qos if-action-extension command is

no qos if-action-extension <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the ID of the QoS action extension to be deleted.

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Conﬁguring QoS Meters 67

The no qos if-action-extension command is executed in the Global Conﬁguraton command mode.

Conﬁguring QoS Meters

Using the following CLI commands to set the meters, if you want to meter or police the trafﬁc, conﬁgure the committed rate, burst rate, and burst duration.

qos meter command

The qos meter command creates QoS meter entries. The syntax for the qos meter command is

qos meter <1-55000> [name <WORD>] [committed-rate <64-32000000>] [burst-size <burst-size>] [max-burst-rate <64-4294967295>] [max-burst-duration <1-4294967295>] {in-profile-action <1-55000> | in-profile-action-name <WORD>} {out-profile-action <1,9-55000> | out-profile-action-name <WORD>} [session-id <1-4294967295>]

"qos meter parameters" (page 67) describes the parameters for this

command.

qos meter parameters

Parameter Description

<1-55000>

Enter an integer to specify the QoS meter;

range is 1 to 55000. name <WORD> Specify name for meter; maximum is 16

alphanumeric characters. committed-rate

<64-32000000>

Specifies rate that traffic must not exceed for

extended periods to be considered in-profile.

Enter the rate in Kb/s for in-profile traffic in

increments of 1000 Kbits/sec; range is 64 to

32000000 Kbits/sec. burst-size <burst-size> Committed burst size in Kilobytes. The value

range is: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024,

2048, 4096, 8192, 16384. max-burst-rate

<64-4294967295>

Specifies the largest burst of traffic that can

be received a given time for the traffic to be

considered in-profile. Used in calculating the

committed burst size. Enter the burst size

in Kb/s for in-profile traffic; range is 64 to

4294967295 Kbits/sec

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Parameter Description

max-burst-duration <1-4294967295>

Specifies the amount of time that the largest

burst of traffic that can be received for the traffic

to be considered in-profile. Used in calculating

the committed burst size. Enter the burst

duration in ms for in-profile traffic; range is 1 to

4294967295 ms. in-profile-action <1-55000> Specify the in-profile action ID; range is 1 to

55000.

in-profile-action-name <WORD>

Specify the in-profile action name.

out-profile-action-name <WORD>

Specify the out-profile action name.

out-profile-action <1,9-55000>

Specify the out-of-profile action ID; range is 1,9

to 55000. session-id <1-4294967295> Specify the session ID.

The qos meter command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

In case committed rate is not a multiple of 64, this value is rounded down to the highest multiple of 64, smaller than committed rate. For example, a committed rate of 1000 kbps is automatically rounded down to 960 kbps.

no qos meter command

The no qos meter command deletes QoS meter entries. The syntax for the no qos meter command is

no qos meter <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the ID of the QoS meter to be deleted. The no qos meter command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration

command mode.

ATTENTION

A meter that is referenced in an installed policy cannot be deleted.

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Conﬁguring QoS Interface Shaper

qos if-shaper command

The qos if-shaper command conﬁgures the interface shaping parameters for a set of ports.

The syntax for the qos if-shaper command is

qos if-shaper [name <WORD>] [shape-rate <64-32000000>] [burst-size <burst-size>] [max-burst-rate <64-4294967295>] [max-burst-duration <1-4294967295>]

"qos if-shaper parameters" (page 69) outlines the parameters for this

command.

qos if-shaper parameters

Parameter Description

<WORD> Specify name for if-shaper; maximum is 16

alphanumeric characters. shape-rate

<64-32000000>

Shaping rate in kilobits/sec; range is

64-32000000 kilobits/sec. burst-size <burst-size> Committeed burst size in Kilobytes. The value

range is: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024,

2048, 4096, 8192, 16384. max-burst-rate

<64-4294967295>

Maximum burst rate in kilobits/sec; range is

64-4294967295Kbits/sec. max-burst-duration

<1-4294967295>

Maximum burst duration in milliseconds; range

is 1 to 4294967295 ms.

The qos if-shaper command is executed in the Interface Conﬁguration mode.

no qos if-shaper command

The no qos if-shaper command disables the interface shaping for a set of ports.

The syntax for the no qos if-shaper command is

no qos if-shaper [port <portlist>]

Substitute <portlist> above with the ports on which to disable shaping. The no qos if-shaper command is executed in the Interface

Conﬁguration mode.

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Conﬁguring QoS Policies

QoS policies can be conﬁgured using the following CLI commands.

qos policy command

The qos policy command creates a QoS policy. The syntax for the qos policy command is

qos policy <1-55000> [enable | disable] [name <WORD>] [port <port_list>] if-group <WORD> clfr-type {classifier | block} {clfr-id <1-55000> | clfr-name <WORD>} {{in-profile-action <1-55000> | in-profile-action-name <WORD>} | meter <1-55000> | meter-name <WORD>} precedence <1-8> [track-statistics <individual | aggregate>]} [session-id <1-4294967295>]

"qos policy parameters" (page 70) describes the parameters for this

command.

qos policy parameters

Parameter Description

<1-55000>

Enter an integer to specify the QoS policy;

range is 1 to 55000. [enable | disable]

Enable or disable the QoS policy. Default is

disable. name <WORD> Enter the name for the policy; maximum is 16

alphanumeric characters. port <port_list> The ports to which to directly apply this policy. if-group <WORD> Enter the interface group name to which this

policy applies; maximum number of characters

is 32 US-ASCII.The group name must begin

with a letter within the range a..z or A..Z. clfr-type <classifier | block>

Specify the classifier type; classifier or block. clfr-id <1-55000> Specify the classifier ID; range is 1 to 55000. clfr-name <WORD> Specify the classifier name or classifier block

name; maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters. in-profile-action <1-55000> Enter the action ID for in-profile traffic; range

is 1 to 55000. in-profile-action-name

<WORD>

Enter the action name for in-profile traffic;

maximum is 16 alphanumeric characters. meter <1-55000>

Enter meter ID associated with this policy;

range is 1 to 55000.

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Parameter Description

meter-name <WORD> Enter the meter name associated with

this policy; maximum of 16 alphanumeric

characters. precedence <1-7>

Specifies the precedence of this policy in relation to other policies associated with the same interface group. Enter precedence number; range is 1 to 7.

ATTENTION

Policies with a lower precedence value are evaluated after policies with a higher precedence number. Evaluation goes from highest value to lowest.

track-statistics <individual | aggregate>

Specifies statistics tracking on this policy, either:

•

individual--statistics on individual classifiers

• aggregate--aggregate statistics

session-id <1-4294967295> Specify the session ID.

The qos policy command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

ATTENTION

All components associated with a policy, including the interface group, element, classiﬁer, classiﬁer block, action, and meter, must be deﬁned before referencing those components in a policy.

no qos policy command

The no qos policy command deletes QoS policy entries. The syntax for the no qos policy command is

no qos policy <1-55000>

Substitute <1-55000> above with the ID of the QoS policy to be deleted.

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The no qos policy command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

Maintaining the QoS Agent

The following commands allow for the maintenance of the QoS agent .

qos agent reset-default command

The qos agent reset-default command deletes all user-deﬁned entries, removes all installed policies, and resets the system to its QoS factory default values.

The syntax for the qos agent reset-default command is

qos agent reset-default

The qos agent reset-default command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

qos agent nvram-delay command

The qos agent nvram-delay command speciﬁes the maximum amount of time, in seconds, before non-volatile QoS conﬁguration is written to non-volatile storage. Delaying NVRAM access can be used to minimize ﬁle input and output. This can aid QoS agent efﬁciency if a large amount of QoS data is being conﬁgured.

The syntax for the qos agent nvram-delay command is

qos agent nvram-delay <0-604800>

Substitute <0-604800> above with the maximum amount of time (in seconds) before non-volatile QoS conﬁguration data is written to non-volatile storage. The default is 10 seconds.

The qos agent nvram-delay command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

default qos agent nvram-delay

The default qos agent nvram-delay command resets the NVRAM delay time to factory default.

The syntax for the default qos agent nvram-delay command is

default qos agent nvram-delay

The default qos agent nvram-delay command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

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default qos agent command

The default qos agent command deletes all user-deﬁned entries, removes all installed policies, and resets the system to its QoS factory default values.

The syntax for the default qos agent command is

default qos agent

The default qos agent command is executed in the Global Conﬁguration command mode.

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Chapter 3 Conﬁguring Quality of Service (QoS) with the Web-based Management Interface

This chapter discusses how to conﬁgure DiffServ and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters for policy-enabled networks using the Web-based Management Interface.

Quality of Service Wizards

The QoS Wizards provide a streamlined QoS policy conﬁguration mechanism. The user is prompted for only the information needed to install a speciﬁc category (type) of QoS policy. These categories include VLAN and IP application trafﬁc prioritization, user-deﬁned ﬂow, network access-list support, and other interface security applications.

Individual entries in the appropriate currently deﬁned QoS tables (DiffServ Multi-Field Classiﬁer Table, Layer 2 Multi-Field Classiﬁer Table, Base Action Table, Meter Table, Policy Table, and so on) are created, based on the user data, in the background. The QoS Wizard application provides a means for all users, regardless of experience, to conﬁgure effective QoS policies.

These wizards can be accessed by selecting Application > QoS > QoS Wizard from the menu.

"QoS Wizards" (page 75) describes the four available wizards.

QoS Wizards

Name Menu Location Description

QoS Configuratio n Wizard

Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > QoS Wizard Config

Used to create QoS policies.

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Name Menu Location Description

QoS Management Wizard

Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > QoS Wizard Mgmt

Used to manage QoS policies previously created using the QoS Configuration Wizard.

Interface Shaper Wizard

Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > Interface Shaper

Used in the configuration and management of interface shaping.

To use a wizard, select it from the menu as described in "QoS Wizards"

(page 75). The following sections describe the use of these wizards.

ATTENTION

Use the Submit and Back buttons provided on the wizard pages. The use of web browser Back and Forward buttons is not recommended, and can cause the wizard to function improperly.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard

The QoS Conﬁguration Wizard provides a way to quickly conﬁgure quality of service policies on a switch. This wizard can be used to conﬁgure quality of service based on VLANs, IP applications such as HTTP and SMTP, user-deﬁned ﬂows, and Layer 2 to 4 access lists.

To use the wizard, follow this procedure:

Step Action 1

Open the QoS Conﬁguration Wizard by selecting Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > QoS Wizard Conﬁg from the menu.

The ﬁrst screen of the conﬁguration wizard asks the user whether they want to reset all QoS parameters before continuing. If this is desired, select Yes. Otherwise, select No. This screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 1" (page 76). Click Next to continue.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 1

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The second screen of the conﬁguration wizard selects the type of trafﬁc upon which the new QoS policy is based. Valid selections are VLAN, IP Application, User Deﬁned Flow,orL2 - L4 Access List. This screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 2"

(page 77).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 2

The third screen of the conﬁguration wizard names the new policy or to be created. Enter the policy name in the Name ﬁeld. The screen for a new policy is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard,

Screen 3" (page 77).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 3

The next step in the conﬁguration wizard is dependent on the selection made when prompted for a trafﬁc type. Refer to the subsections appropriate to the trafﬁc type selected.

a. VLAN -- Enter the number of a valid VLAN to which this policy

applies. This screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard,

Screen 4 - VLAN" (page 78).

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QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4 - VLAN

b. IP Application -- Select the IP application on which to base the

policy. This screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard,

Screen 4 - IP Application" (page 78).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4 - IP Application

c. User Deﬁned Flows -- When conﬁguring user deﬁned ﬂow

policies it is a two step process. The ﬁrst step (illustrated in "QoS

Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4A - User Deﬁned Flows" (page

79)) is to deﬁne the type of ﬁlter to apply, either IP or Layer 2.

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QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4A - User Deﬁned Flows

The second step is to designate the classiﬁcation parameters for this policy. This screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration

Wizard, Screen 4B - User Deﬁned Flows" (page 79).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4B - User Deﬁned Flows

d. Layer 2 - Layer 4 Access List -- When conﬁguring Layer 2 -

Layer 4 Access List policies, it is a two step process. The ﬁrst step is to select whether an IP Access List or Layer 2 Access List policy is to be created. This is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration

Wizard, Screen 4A - Access Lists" (page 80).

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QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4A - Access Lists

The second step is to deﬁne classiﬁcation parameters for the policy. If IP Access List is selected on the screen in "QoS

Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4A - Access Lists" (page 80), the

screen in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4B - IP Access

List" (page 80) is displayed. Otherwise, if Layer 2 Access List is

selected, the screen in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4B -

Layer 2 Access List" (page 81) is displayed.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4B - IP Access List

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Quality of Service Wizards 81

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 4B - Layer 2 Access List

The next step in the conﬁguration wizard again depends on the type of trafﬁc originally selected. If policy conﬁguration is taking place for the VLAN, IP Application, and User Deﬁned Flow trafﬁc types, a screen is displayed similar to the one in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard,

Screen 5" (page 81) asking to add more blocks to the policy. To add

more blocks to a policy, repeat step 5.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 5

If policy conﬁguration is taking place for the Layer 2 - Layer 4 Access List trafﬁc type, the corresponding screen illustrated in

"QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 5 - Access Lists" (page 82) is

displayed prompting for a service class to be selected for the policy.

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After the service class is selected, the user is prompted to add more blocks to the policy or elements to the access list from a screen similar to the one illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen

5" (page 81).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 5 - Access Lists

The next step in the conﬁguration wizard is to apply any metering to the policy. This step applies only to the VLAN, IP Application, and User Deﬁned Flows trafﬁc types. The user is ﬁrst asked if they want to apply metering to the policy ("QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen

6A" (page 82)). If so, the metering parameters window is displayed

for conﬁguration ("QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 6B" (page

83)). If not, the user is taken to the next step.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 6A

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QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 6B

This step applies only to the VLAN, IP Application, and User Deﬁned Flows trafﬁc types. In this step, the wizard asks for the

service class to apply to the policy. This action is handled in step 6 for the Layer 2 - Layer 4 Access List . This wizard screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 7" (page 83).

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 7

The last step in the conﬁguration wizard is to apply the new policy to a set of ports. This policy can be applied to one port, multiple ports, or all ports. This wizard screen is illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration

Wizard, Screen 8" (page 84).

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QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 8

Click Finish when ports are selected.

10 The new policy is applied to the switch and saved. A conﬁrmation

screen similar to the one illustrated in "QoS Conﬁguration Wizard,

Screen 9" (page 84), is displayed to provide visual conﬁrmation of

the successful completion of the wizard.

QoS Conﬁguration Wizard, Screen 9

—End—

QoS Management Wizard

The QoS Management Wizard manages quality of service policies previously created in the QoS Conﬁguration Wizard.

To manage a policy using this wizard, follow this procedure:

Step Action 1

Open the management wizard by selecting Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > QoS Wizard Mgmt from the menu. The screen

illustrated in "QoS Management Wizard, Screen 1" (page 85)is displayed.

Select the type of policy to be managed to continue.

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Quality of Service Wizards 85

QoS Management Wizard, Screen 1

The next wizard screen displays the policies of the type selected in the previous step. From this screen, the policy can be edited using the Edit button, deleted using the Delete button, or its state can be changed using the State list. This screen is illustrated in "QoS

Management Wizard, Screen 2" (page 85).

QoS Management Wizard, Screen 2

If the Edit button is selected in step 2, the wizard edit screen is displayed. On this screen, policy details can be viewed and the ports that the policy applies to can be changed. This screen varies with the type of policy edited. "QoS Management Wizard, Screen

3 - VLAN" (page 86), "QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - IP Applications" (page 87), "QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - User Deﬁned Flows" (page 88), "QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 Access Lists" (page 89).

a. VLAN

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QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - VLAN

b. IP Applications

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Quality of Service Wizards 87

QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - IP Applications

c. User Deﬁned Flows

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QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - User Deﬁned Flows

d. Layer 2 - Layer 4 Access List

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Quality of Service Wizards 89

QoS Management Wizard, Screen 3 - Access Lists

—End—

QoS Interface Shaper Wizard

The QoS Interface Shaper Wizard conﬁgures interface shaping on a group of switch ports.

To conﬁgure interface shaping using this wizard, follow this procedure:

Step Action 1

Open the Interface Shaper wizard by selecting Application > QoS > QoS Wizard > Interface Shaper from the menu. The screen

illustrated in "QoS Interface Shaper Wizard, Screen 1" (page 90) is displayed.

To add an interface shaper, select Add at the top of the screen, select the ports it will be added to, and click Submit.

To delete an interface shaper, select Delete at the top of the screen, select the desired ports, and click Submit.

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QoS Interface Shaper Wizard, Screen 1

If adding an interface shaper, the wizard displays the screen illustrated in "QoS Interface Shaper Wizard, Screen 2" (page 90). Use this screen to set the parameters for the new interface shaper.

QoS Interface Shaper Wizard, Screen 2

"Interface Shaper Creation ﬁelds" (page 90) outlines the ﬁelds on

this screen.

Interface Shaper Creation ﬁelds

Field Description

Name A name for this interface shaper. Shaping Rate The shaping rate in kilobits per second.

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Conﬁguring an Interface Group 91

Field Description

Maximum Burst Rate The maximum allowable burst rate in

kilobits per second.

Maximum Burst Duration The duration in milliseconds that the

shaping rate is allowed to be exceeded.

Click Submit when ﬁnished.

—End—

ATTENTION

User cannot set in the same time shaper or meter on ports belonging to different stack units. Still, setting shaper or meter on ports belonging to same stack unit is possible.

Conﬁguring an Interface Group

This section describes the procedures for viewing existing interface groups as well as their creation and management.

Creating an Interface Group Conﬁguration

To create an omterface group conﬁguration, perform the followingprocedure:

Step Action 1

Open the Interface Conﬁg screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Interface Conﬁg from the menu.

This screen is illustrated in "Interface Conﬁg screen" (page 92).

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Interface Conﬁg screen

In the Interface Group Creation section ("Interface Group Creation

section" (page 92)), type a role combination name in the Role

Combination ﬁeld and select an interface class from the Interface Class list.

Interface Group Creation section

Click Submit. The new interface group conﬁguration is displayed in the Interface

Group Table section.

—End—

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Conﬁguring an Interface Group 93

Displaying Interface ID Table

To display the Interface ID Table:

Step Action 1

Open the Interface Conﬁg screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Interface Conﬁg from the menu.

This screen is illustrated in "Interface Conﬁg screen" (page 92).

Click Display Interface ID Table. The Interface ID screen opens ("Interface ID screen" (page 93)).

The table displays all interfaces and the interface group (role combination) to which it belongs. If an interface does not belong to an interface group (role combination), it does not display in the table.

The table displays a mapping of each interface to its interface group.

Interface ID screen

—End—

Adding or Removing Interface Group Members

To select or de-select ports as members of an existing interface group perform these tasks:

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Step Action 1

Open the Interface Conﬁg screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Interface Conﬁg from the menu.

This screen is illustrated in "Interface Conﬁg screen" (page 92).

2 In the Interface Group Table section, click the Modify icon in the

row to be modiﬁed. This section is illustrated in "Interface Group

Table section" (page 94).

Interface Group Table section

The Interface Group Assignment screen opens ("Interface Group

Assignment screen" (page 94)).

Interface Group Assignment screen

In the Ports ﬁeld, select or de-select the ports that are to be part of this Interface Group.

Click Submit.

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Conﬁguring 802.1p priority queue assignment 95

—End—

Deleting an Interface Group

To delete an Interface Group conﬁguration:

Step Action 1

Open the Interface Conﬁg screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Interface Conﬁg from the menu.

This screen is illustrated in "Interface Conﬁg screen" (page 92).

In the Interface Group Table section ("Interface Group Table

section" (page 94)), click the Modify icon in the row of the group

to be deleted.

In the Ports ﬁeld, de-select all ports associated with the interface group.

Click Submit.

In the Interface Group Table section, click the Delete icon in the row of the interface group that is being removed.

A message asks for conﬁrmation of the requested action.

Click Yes.

—End—

Conﬁguring 802.1p priority queue assignment

ATTENTION

Nortel Networks recommends using the default 802.1p assignments to ensure end-to-end QoS connectivity.

802.1p user priority values can be assigned to a queue for each interface with a speciﬁc queue set. This information is used for assigning egress trafﬁc to outbound queues.

To conﬁgure 802.1p user priority:

Step Action 1

Open the Priority Queue Assignment screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Priority Q

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Assign from the menu. This screen is illustrated in "Priority Queue

Assignment screen" (page 96).

Priority Queue Assignment screen

In the 802.1p Priority Assignment (View By) section, select the queue to view from the Queue Set drop-down.

Click the Submit button immediately under the 802.1p Priority Assignment (View By) section.

The information for the selected queue is displayed in the 802.1p Priority Assignment Table section. In the Queue ﬁeld, assign a

number that signiﬁes the desired queue in the speciﬁed queue set with which this priority is associated.

Click the Submit button immediately under the 802.1p Priority Assignment Table section.

—End—

Conﬁguring 802.1p priority mapping

ATTENTION

Nortel Networks recommends using the default 802.1p priority to DSCP mappings to ensure end-to-end QoS connectivity.

To conﬁgure 802.1p priority to DSCP mapping:

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Conﬁguring 802.1p priority mapping 97

Step Action 1

Open the Priority Mapping screen by selecting Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Priority Mapping from the menu.

This screen is illustrated in "Priority Mapping screen" (page 97).

Priority Mapping screen

In the ﬁelds provided, enter the priority mapping information. "Priority

Mapping ﬁelds" (page 97) outlines the ﬁelds on this screen.

Priority Mapping ﬁelds

Field Description

802.1p Priority The 802.1p user priority to map to a DSCP value at ingress.

DSCP Type the DSCP value to associate with

the specified 802.1p user priority value at ingress.

Name Enter a name that describes the mapping,

using 16 alphanumeric characters.

Click Submit.

—End—

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Conﬁguring DSCP mapping

ATTENTION

Nortel Networks recommends using the default DSCP mappings to ensure end-to-end QoS connectivity.

To conﬁgure DSCP to 802.1p user priority/drop precedence mapping:

Step Action 1 Open the DSCP Mapping screen by selecting Applications > QoS

> QoS Advanced > Devices > DSCP Mapping from the menu. This

screen is illustrated in "DSCP Mapping screen" (page 98).

DSCP Mapping screen

Click the icon in the Action column of the row to be conﬁgured. The DSCP Mapping Modiﬁcation screen opens. This screen is illustrated in "DSCP Mapping Modiﬁcation screen" (page 99).

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Conﬁguring DSCP mapping 99

DSCP Mapping Modiﬁcation screen

In the ﬁelds provided, modify the mapping scheme. "DSCP Mapping

Modiﬁcation ﬁelds" (page 99) describes the ﬁelds on this screen.

DSCP Mapping Modiﬁcation ﬁelds

Field Description

802.1p Priority Choose the IEEE802 CoS value to use when mapping the DSCP value.

Drop Precedence

Choose the drop value precedence to use for traffic with the associated 802.1p user priority value with the identified queue:

•

High Drop

• Low Drop

ATTENTION

Generally, low packet drop precedence receives preferential treatment.

Service Class

Enter the service class.

ATTENTION

This field corresponds to the adjacent user priority levels.

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Field Description

ATTENTION

Mappings created on the DSCP mapping modification page are used at egress for marking traffic.

Click Submit.

—End—

Displaying QoS meter capability

To display QoS interface meter capabilities:

Step Action 1

From the menu, select Applications > QoS > QoS Advanced > Devices > Meter Capability

The Interface Meter Capability screen appears.

Interface Meter Capability

The following table describes the ﬁelds on this screen.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 4500 Series

Conﬁguration — Quality of Service

NN47205-504 (322816-

B) 03.01 Standard

5.1 23 November 2007

Nortel 4524GT, 4526T, 4548GT, 4526, 4550T Configuration

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual