Nortel 2500 User Manual

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 Series

Fundamentals

Release: 4.2 Document Revision: 01.01

www.nortel.com

NN47215-102

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 Series Release: 4.2 Publication: NN47215-102 Document status: Standard Document release date: 27 October 2008

Printed in Canada and the United States of America While the information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable, except as otherwise expressly

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Contents

Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement 5 New in this release 9

Other changes 9

Introduction 11 User interface fundamentals 13

NNCLI concepts 13

Device Manager concepts 18

Web-based management concepts 39

User interfaces 9 Licensing 9 Configuration files 9 Supported standards and RFCs 9 NNCLI quick reference 9 Document changes 10

NNCLI command modes 14 NNCLI help 15 NNCLI access procedures 17

Interface components 18 Online help 28 Device Manager procedures 28 Device Manager download 29 Device Manager installation 29 Previous version removal 32 Device Manager startup 33 Device Manager properties configuration 33 Switch access using Device Manager 36 Telnet to a switch using Device Manager 37 SSH connection to the switch using Device Manager 37 Trap log 38 Web-based management access using Device Manager 39

Interface layout 40 Procedures for Web-based management access 43

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Licensing fundamentals 45

Stack licensing 45 License file generation 46

Generating a license 47

License file installation 48

Installing a license file using NNCLI 49 Displaying an existing license using NNCLI 49 Deleting an existing license using NNCLI 50 Installing a license file using Device Manager 50 Installing a license file using Web-based management 51

License transfer 52

Transferring a license 52

Configuration files fundamentals 55

NNCLI configuration files 55

Configuration file management procedures using NNCLI 55

Device Manager configuration files 57

ASCII and binary configuration file procedures using Device Manager 57

Web-based management configuration files 62

Configuration file procedures using Web-based management 62

Supported standards and Requests for comment 65

Standards 65 RFCs 66

NNCLI quick reference 69

Connect to the switch 70 Start NNCLI configuration from the main menu 70 NNCLI command modes 70

Command modes 70 Restart the switch using the factory default configuration 70 Configure the management IP address 71 Configure Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) 71 Configure VLANs and tagged uplinks 72 Configure Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) 72 Configure a port 72 Configure passwords 73 Configure Secure Shell (SSH) 74 Configure Telnet 74 Configure Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) 74 Configure log settings 74 Configure Secure Socket Layer (SSL) 74 Configure access control 75 Check a configuration 75

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Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement

This Software License Agreement ("License Agreement") is between you, the end-user ("Customer") and Nortel Networks Corporation and its subsidiaries and affiliates ("Nortel Networks"). PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CAREFULLY. YOU MUST ACCEPT THESE LICENSE TERMS IN ORDER TO DOWNLOAD AND/OR USE THE SOFTWARE. USE OF THE SOFTWARE CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the Software, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

"Software" is owned or licensed by Nortel Networks, its parent or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates, and is copyrighted and licensed, not sold. Software consists of machine-readable instructions, its components, data, audio-visual content (such as images, text, recordings or pictures) and related licensed materials including all whole or partial copies. Nortel Networks grants you a license to use the Software only in the country where you acquired the Software. You obtain no rights other than those granted to you under this License Agreement. You are responsible for the selection of the Software and for the installation of, use of, and results obtained from the Software.

Licensed Use of Software. Nortel Networks grants Customer a

nonexclusive license to use a copy of the Software on only one machine at any one time or to the extent of the activation or authorized usage level, whichever is applicable. To the extent Software is furnished for use with designated hardware or Customer furnished equipment ("CFE"), Customer is granted a nonexclusive license to use Software only on such hardware or CFE, as applicable. Software contains trade secrets and Customer agrees to treat Software as confidential information using the same care and discretion Customer uses with its own similar information that it does not wish to disclose, publish or disseminate. Customer will ensure that anyone who uses the Software does so only in compliance with the terms of this Agreement. Customer shall not a) use, copy, modify, transfer or distribute the Software except as expressly authorized; b) reverse

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6 Nortel Networks Inc. software license agreement

assemble, reverse compile, reverse engineer or otherwise translate the Software; c) create derivative works or modifications unless expressly authorized; or d) sublicense, rent or lease the Software. Licensors of intellectual property to Nortel Networks are beneficiaries of this provision. Upon termination or breach of the license by Customer or in the event designated hardware or CFE is no longer in use, Customer will promptly return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction. Nortel Networks may audit by remote polling or other reasonable means to determine Customer’s Software activation or usage levels. If suppliers of third party software included in Software require Nortel Networks to include additional or different terms, Customer agrees to abide by such terms provided by Nortel Networks with respect to such third party software.

Warranty. Except as may be otherwise expressly agreed to in

writing between Nortel Networks and Customer, Software is provided "AS IS" without any warranties (conditions) of any kind. NORTEL NETWORKS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES (CONDITIONS) FOR THE SOFTWARE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT. Nortel Networks is not obligated to provide support of any kind for the Software. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusion of implied warranties, and, in such event, the above exclusions may not apply.

3. Limitation of Remedies. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORTEL

NETWORKS OR ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: a) DAMAGES BASED ON ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIM; b) LOSS OF, OR DAMAGE TO, CUSTOMER’S RECORDS, FILES OR DATA; OR c) DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS), WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS, ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THEIR POSSIBILITY. The foregoing limitations of remedies also apply to any developer and/or supplier of the Software. Such developer and/or supplier is an intended beneficiary of this Section. Some jurisdictions do not allow these limitations or exclusions and, in such event, they may not apply.

4. General

— If Customer is the United States Government, the following

paragraph shall apply: All Nortel Networks Software available under this License Agreement is commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation and, in the event Software is licensed for or on behalf of the United States Government, the respective rights to the software and software documentation are governed by Nortel Networks standard commercial license in accordance with U.S. Federal Regulations

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at 48 C.F.R. Sections 12.212 (for non-DoD entities) and 48 C.F.R.

227.7202 (for DoD entities).

— Customer may terminate the license at any time. Nortel Networks

may terminate the license if Customer fails to comply with the terms and conditions of this license. In either event, upon termination, Customer must either return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction.

— Customer is responsible for payment of any taxes, including

personal property taxes, resulting from Customer’s use of the Software. Customer agrees to comply with all applicable laws including all applicable export and import laws and regulations.

— Neither party may bring an action, regardless of form, more than

two years after the cause of the action arose.

— The terms and conditions of this License Agreement form the

complete and exclusive agreement between Customer and Nortel Networks.

— This License Agreement is governed by the laws of the country in

which Customer acquires the Software. If the Software is acquired in the United States, then this License Agreement is governed by the laws of the state of New York.

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New in this release

The following sections detail what’s new in Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 Series Fundamentals (NN47215-102) for Release 4.2.

•

"Other changes" (page 9)

Other changes

For information about changes that are not feature-related, see the following sections:

•

"User interfaces " (page 9)

•

"Licensing" (page 9)

•

"Configuration files " (page 9)

•

"Supported standards and RFCs" (page 9)

•

"Document changes" (page 10)

User interfaces

Information about acquisition, installation, and basic operation of the user interfaces is consolidated in this document from other documents.

Licensing

Stack licensing requirements and procedures are consolidated in this document from other documents.

Conﬁguration ﬁles

Fundamental information about working with configuration files is consolidated in this document from other documents.

Supported standards and RFCs

The standards and RFCs supported on the switch are listed and consolidated from other documents into a single source for easy reference.

NNCLI quick reference

Frequently used NNCLI commands are presented for reference.

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10 New in this release

Document changes

This document is modified to meet Nortel Customer Documentation Standards. For more information about these standards, see Nortel

Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 Series Documentation Roadmap

(NN47215-101).

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Introduction

This document is a new publication resulting from restructuring of the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 2500 Series release 4.2 documentation suite.

Basic information about user interfaces, stack licensing, configuration file use and management, and standards and RFCs supported on the switch, removed from other documents, is consolidated into this new document for easy reference. A new section, NNCLI quick reference, presents NNCLI commands for frequently used tasks.

Navigation

•

"User interface fundamentals" (page 13)

•

"Licensing fundamentals" (page 45)

•

"Configuration files fundamentals" (page 55)

•

"Supported standards and Requests for comment " (page 65)

•

"NNCLI quick reference" (page 69)

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12 Introduction

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User interface fundamentals

This section provides basic information to help you understand the interfaces you can use to configure and manage a Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch. Available features depend on switch model and configuration.

Navigation

•

"NNCLI concepts" (page 13)

•

"Device Manager concepts" (page 18)

•

"Web-based management concepts" (page 39)

NNCLI concepts

Nortel Networks Command Line Interface (NNCLI) is a text-based interface used for switch configuration and management. A common command line interface (CLI), NNCLI follows the industry standard used for device management across Nortel products.

NNCLI command modes occur in order of increasing privileges, each based on user logon permission level. Logon password determines logon permission level.

You can access NNCLI directly through a console connection, remotely through a dial-up modem connection, or in-band through a Telnet session.

You can use NNCLI interactively or use the configure network command to load and execute NNCLI scripts, manually loading the script in the console menu or automatically loading the script at startup. For more information about automatic configuration download, see "Downloading a configuration

file automatically using NNCLI" (page 56).

Navigation

• "NNCLI command modes" (page 14)

• "NNCLI help" (page 15)

• "NNCLI access procedures" (page 17)

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14 User interface fundamentals

NNCLI command modes

This section describes the use and purpose of NNCLI command modes. NNCLI command modes separate basic user tasks from control and

management of the switch. These command modes are available in NNCLI:

•

User Executive

• Privileged Executive

•

Global Configuration

• Interface Configuration

Command mode access is determined by access permission levels and password protection.

If no password is set, you can open NNCLI in User Executive mode and perform the enable command to move to the next level, Privileged Executive mode.

However, if you have read-only access, you cannot progress beyond User Executive mode, the default mode.

If you have read-write access you can progress from the default mode through all of the available modes.

User Executive mode is the default NNCLI command mode and the initial access mode. Also known as exec mode, it is the most restrictive NNCLI mode with only basic commands available; for example, show, ping and logout. User Executive commands are available from the other modes.

Privileged Executive mode is an unrestricted mode that can display all switch settings. If you are logged on with write access, you can access all configuration modes and commands that affect switch operation from Privileged Executive mode.

In Privileged Executive mode, also known as privExec mode, you can perform basic switch level management tasks; for example, downloading software images, setting passwords, and starting the switch. Privileged Executive commands are also available in Global and Interface configuration modes.

Global Configuration mode, also known as config mode, provides commands used to set and display general switch configurations such as IP address, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) parameters, Telnet access, and Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN).

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NNCLI concepts 15

Interface Configuration mode, also known as ifconfig mode, provides commands used to configure parameters for each port or VLAN such as speed, duplex mode, and rate limiting.

With sufficient permission, you can use the rules in the following table to move between the command modes.

Command mode and sample prompt

User Executive 2526T>

Privileged Executive 2526T#

Global Configuration 2526T<config>#

Interface Configuration 2526T<config-if>#

Entrance commands Exit commands

No entrance command, default mode

enable exit

From Privileged Executive mode, enter

configure

From Global Configuration mode: To configure a port enter

interface fastethernet <port number>

To configure a VLAN enter

interface vlan <vlan number>

exit

logout

To return to Privileged Executive mode, enter

end

exit

To exit NNCLI completely, enter

logout

To return to Global Configuration mode, enter

exit

To return to Privileged Executive mode, enter

end

To exit NNCLI completely, enter

logout

NNCLI help

This section describes help available in NNCLI. NNCLI help is available at all levels.

Command list

To determine whether a command is available from the current mode, you can obtain a list of all commands available from the prompt.

To obtain a list of all commands available from a prompt, enter a question mark (?).

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16 User interface fundamentals

Command options

NNCLI can display command options that you can use to focus command results.

To obtain a list of all options for a command, enter a portion of a command followed by a space and a question mark (?) at the prompt.

Command names

If you are unsure about the correct name of a command, you can enter a partial command name and NNCLI displays the closest match.

To obtain a correct command name, at the prompt, enter a portion of the command name, and then press the Tab key.

The system displays the first unambiguous match for your selection. For example, enter down + Tab and the system displays download.

Command modes

This section describes help available for NNCLI commands and modes. To obtain help on the navigation and use of the NNCLI, perform the

help {commands | modes} command. The command is available in all command modes.

Enter help commands to obtain information about the commands available in NNCLI, organized by command mode. A short explanation of each command is included.

Enter help modes to obtain information about the command modes available and the NNCLI commands used to access them.

Keystroke shortcuts

This section provides key combinations you can use to make NNCLI navigation easier.

The following table describes the keystroke shortcuts.

Key combination Function Ctrl+A Ctrl+B Ctrl+C Ctrl+D

Start of line Back 1 character Abort command Delete the character indicated by the cursor

Ctrl+E Ctrl+F Ctrl+H

End of line Forward 1 character Delete character left of cursor (Backspace key)

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Key combination Function Tab Command or parameter completion

NNCLI concepts 17

Ctrl+K and Ctrl+R Ctrl+N or Down arrow Ctrl+P or Up arrow Ctrl+T Ctrl+U Ctrl+W Ctrl+X Ctrl+z ? Esc+C and Exc+U Esc+l Esc+B Esc+D Esc+F Move 1 word forward

Redisplay line Next history command Previous history command Transpose characters Delete entire line Delete word to left of cursor Delete all characters to left of cursor Exit Global Configuration mode to Privileged Executive mode Context sensitive help Capitalize character at cursor Change character at cursor to lower case Move back 1 word Delete 1 word to the right

NNCLI access procedures

Perform the procedures in this section to access NNCLI.

Access prerequisites

• Connect to the switch with a console cable, connected directly to the

console port, or use Telnet.

•

If you connect to the switch remotely, through Telnet, ensure that you enable remote access and that the switch IP address is valid.

•

Use a terminal or a PC, with a terminal emulator, as the NNCLI command station.

•

If you use a console cable and console port, ensure that the terminal emulation program conforms to the settings in the following table.

Property Value

Baud Rate 9600 bps Data Bits Stop Bits Parity None Flow Control None Terminal Protocol VT100 and VT100/ANSI

8 1

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18 User interface fundamentals

Opening an NNCLI session

Procedure Steps Step Action

1 Connect to the switch. 2 3 4

Enter the password, if applicable. At the NNCLI Banner Screen, press CTRL+Y. To access NNCLI, from the main menu, press c or scroll to

Command Line Interface.

Press Enter.

Device Manager concepts

This section provides information to obtain, install, start, and use Device Manager.

Navigation

• "Interface components" (page 18)

•

"Online help" (page 28)

•

"Device Manager procedures" (page 28)

Device Manager is a graphical user interface (GUI) application you can use to configure and manage the switch. The application provides a real time graphical representation of the switch front panel and provides network access to monitor and configure devices.

--End--

Because Device Manager is a client application that resides on a computer, you must install the application before you can use it.

You can download Device Manager from the Nortel Web site. The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is bundled with the Device Manager software and does not require a separate installation.

Device Manager uses the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to configure and manage devices.

Interface components

This section describes Device Manager interface components and their use in the application.

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Device Manager concepts 19

The Device Manager window includes the following parts:

•

Menu bar: used to access command menus

•

Toolbar: used for quick access to common commands

•

Device view: used to show a graphic representation of the device status

•

Status bar: used to display error messages and other information

Menu bar

The following table describes the Menu bar commands. Feature availability depends on switch model and configuration.

Command

Device Opens a device, refreshes the device view, rediscovers a device, and

Edit Opens edit dialog boxes for the objects selected in the device view.

Graph Opens statistics dialog boxes for the selected object. VLAN Opens dialog boxes for managing VLANs, Spanning Tree Groups (STG),

IP Routing Opens configuration dialog boxes to set up IP routing functions, including

QoS Opens configuration and monitoring dialog boxes for Quality of Service

Rmon Opens configuration and monitoring dialog boxes for remote monitoring. Actions Opens the Home page for the Web-based management session. Help Opens online Help topics for Device Manager and provides a legend for

Description

sets the polling and SNMP properties. From the Device menu you can also open and view the Trap Log, SysLog, and Log and establish a Telnet or SSH connection to the currently open device.

From the Edit menu you can also open dialog boxes for managing files and running diagnostic tests, and enable SNTP, SNMPv3 and related configurations.

MultiLink Trunking (MLT), and Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).

ARP, IPv4 TCP/UDP, DHCP, and UDP Forwarding for the switch, .

or Differentiated Services.

the port colors in the Device view.

Toolbar

The Toolbar contains buttons that provide quick access to commonly used commands and some additional actions.

The following table describes the Toolbar buttons and provides Menu bar equivalents.

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20 User interface fundamentals

Button Name Description Menu bar equivalent

Open Device Opens the Open

Device dialog box

Refresh Device Status Refreshes the device

view information

Trap Log Opens the trap log Device > Trap Log

Help Opens online Help in a

Web browser

Edit Selected Displays configuration

data for the selected chassis object

Graph Selected Opens statistics and

graphing dialog boxes for the selected object

Device > Open

Device > Refresh Status

Help > Device

Edit > Unit Edit > Chassis Edit > Port

Graph > Chassis Graph > Port

Globe Opens a Web-based

management session

Telnet Opens a Telnet

session

SSH Opens an SSH

session

Alarm Manager Opens the Remote

Monitoring (RMON) Alarm Manager

Actions > Open Home Page

Device > Telnet

Device > SSH Connection

Serviceability > Rmon > Alarm Manager

Status bar

Device Manager provides a Status bar to display error and information messages from the software applications. These messages are unrelated to the managed device.

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Device Manager concepts 21

Device view

The Device view is a graphical representation of switch hardware operating status and you can use it to perform management tasks on specific objects. After you select a device from the Device menu, the Device view appears.

Objects in the Device view are:

•

a stand-alone switch: called a unit in the menus and dialog boxes

• a switch stack: called a chassis in the menus and dialog boxes

•

a port

From the device view you can select single objects, groups of objects, or the entire switch.

Device view object selection

Perform these procedures to select objects in Device view.

Selecting a single object in Device view Procedure Steps

Step Action

To select a single object in Device view, a port for example, click the edge of the object.

--End--

Selecting multiple objects in Device view Procedure Steps

Step Action

To select multiple objects of the same type, for example a block of contiguous ports, click and hold the right mouse button and drag the pointer over the ports to select the group of ports.

2 To select multiple ports, or switches in the stack, Ctrl+click on

the objects.

--End--

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22 User interface fundamentals

Selecting all ports in a stand-alone switch or stack Procedure Steps

Step Action

1 To select all the ports in a stand-alone switch or in a stack, from

the Device Manager menu bar choose Edit > Select > Ports.

Selecting all switch units in a stack Procedure Steps

Step Action

1 To select all units in a stack, from the Device Manager menu bar

choose Edit > Select > Units.

Selecting an entire stack Procedure Steps

--End--

Step Action

To select an entire stack, from the Device Manager menu bar choose Edit > Select > Chassis.

--End--

LEDs and ports

LED color in Device view mirrors the physical switch LEDs except that LEDs in Device view do not blink.

Ports in Device view are also color coded to demonstrate port status. To see the port color legend, from the Device Manager menu bar choose Help > Legend.

The following table describes the port color codes.

Color

Green Port is operating Red Port has been manually disabled Orange Port has no link Light Blue Port is in standby mode - not supported in all switch models

Description

Dark Blue Port is being tested - not supported in all switch models

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Device Manager concepts 23

Color

Gray Port is unmanageable Purple Port is in loopback testing mode - not supported in all switch models

Description

Shortcut menus

This section describes the port and switch shortcuts. The switch shortcut menu provides access to basic switch hardware

information and graphing dialog boxes. The port shortcut menu provides a faster path to edit and graph a port. The following table describes switch unit shortcut commands.

Command

Unit # Displays the unit number. Edit Opens a read-only dialog box that provides basic switch hardware

Show Port Tooltip Mouse over a port in the front panel view to display the port name and

Description

information.

speed. Show port tooltip is enabled by default.

Refresh Port Tooltip Refreshes the port tooltip information if it is changed. To update the

tooltip display, from the Device Manager menu bar choose Edit > Port, and then click Refresh Port Tooltip.

Refresh PoE status Refreshes port Power over Ethernet (PoE) status—not all switch models

have PoE.

The following table describes the port shortcut commands.

Command

Edit Opens a dialog box to set port operating parameters. Graph Opens a dialog box to display port statistics and display statistics as a

Enable Brings a port up administratively. Disable Shuts a port down administratively—port color changes to red in the

Description

graph.

Device view.

Shortcut menus procedures

Perform the following procedure to access the shortcut menu.

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24 User interface fundamentals

Accessing shortcut menus Procedure Steps

Step Action

1 To access the shortcut menu for an object in the Device view,

right-click the object.

Objects in Device view

You can edit objects in the Device view from the Toolbar or the Shortcut menu.

After you change a screen value, the value displays in bold. Changes are not applied to the running configuration until you click Apply. After changes are applied to a field, you can display the new information.

Object editing procedures

Perform the following procedures to edit objects in the Device view.

--End--

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