Nortech PD160 Enhanced User Manual

This document is for information only and unless otherwise indicated, is not to form part of any contract. In accordance

to alteration without notice.

Nortech International (Pty) Ltd
PO Box 4099 32A Wiganthorpe Road
Willowton Hub Pietermaritzburg
Pietermaritzburg 3201 South Africa
3200 South Africa Reg. No: 98/1095

Tel: [phone] Int. Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Int. Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] URL: www.nortech.co.za

PD160 Enhanced Series

Inductive Loop Vehicle Detector

USER MANUAL

NORTECH INTERNATIONAL (PTY) LTD
All rights reserved
Copyright © 2011
Document Number: 304UM0001_00
Date of Issue: October 2011

with the manufacturer’s policy of continually updating and improving design, specifications contained herein are subject

Table of Contents

1.

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 5

2.

TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................................................... 6

2.1 Functional Data ...................................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 Electrical Data ........................................................................................................................................ 7

2.3 Environmental Data ................................................................................................................................ 7

2.4 Mechanical Data ..................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5 Approvals ................................................................................................................................................ 8

3.

OPERATING PROCEDURE ...................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 Hardware Set-Up .................................................................................................................................... 9

3.2 LCD Menu System ................................................................................................................................. 9

3.2.1 Idle Display .................................................................................................................................... 10

3.2.2 Frequency ..................................................................................................................................... 10

3.2.2.1 Automatic Frequency Selection ................................................................................................. 11

3.2.3 Sensitivity ...................................................................................................................................... 12

3.2.3.1 Automatic Sensitivity Boost ....................................................................................................... 12

3.2.4 Presence ....................................................................................................................................... 13

3.2.5 Relay ............................................................................................................................................. 13

3.2.5.1 Relay Pulse Width ..................................................................................................................... 14

3.2.5.2 Relay Output Delay (Filter) ........................................................................................................ 14

3.2.5.3 Output polarity ........................................................................................................................... 15

3.2.6 Diagnostics .................................................................................................................................... 15

3.2.7 Reset ............................................................................................................................................. 17

3.2.7.1 Power fail ................................................................................................................................... 18

3.3 Front Panel Indicator ............................................................................................................................ 19

4. PRINCIPAL OF OPERATION ................................................................................................................. 20

4.1 Detector Tuning .................................................................................................................................... 20

4.2 Detector Sensitivity ............................................................................................................................... 20

4.3 Types of Output .................................................................................................................................... 21

4.3.1 Presence Output ................................................................................................................................... 21

4.3.2 Pulse Output ......................................................................................................................................... 22

4.4 Response Times ................................................................................................................................... 22

5.

INSTALLATION GUIDE .......................................................................................................................... 23

5.1 Product Safety Requirements............................................................................................................... 23

5.2 Operational Constraints ........................................................................................................................ 23

5.2.1 Environmental Factors to Consider ............................................................................................... 23

5.2.2 Crosstalk ....................................................................................................................................... 24

5.2.3 Reinforcing .................................................................................................................................... 24

5.3 Loop and Feeder Material Specification ............................................................................................... 24

5.4 Sensing Loop Geometry ....................................................................................................................... 25

5.5 Loop Installation ................................................................................................................................... 26

6.

CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................................................... 28

6.1 PD161 Enhanced Series Detector : English......................................................................................... 28

6.2 PD162 Enhanced Series Detector : English......................................................................................... 29

6.3 PD164 Enhanced Series Detector : English......................................................................................... 29

7.

APPLICATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 30

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8.

CUSTOMER FAULT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................ 31

8.1 Fault Finding ......................................................................................................................................... 31

8.2 Detector On Board Diagnostics ............................................................................................................ 32

8.3 Functional Test ..................................................................................................................................... 32

APPENDIX A - FCC ADVISORY STATEMENT ................................................................................................ 33

APPENDIX B – INSTALLATION OUTDOORS .................................................................................................. 34

Appendix B.1 IEC 60950-22:2005 – Outdoor cabinet .................................................................................. 34

Appendix B.2 IEC 60950-22:2005 - Northern Europe ................................................................................. 34

Appendix B.3 IEC 60950-1:2005 – Overvoltage Category .......................................................................... 34

APPENDIX C – REQUEST FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT FORM .................................................................... 35

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WARNING: 1. This unit must be grounded (earthed) !
WARNING: 2. Disconnect power before working on this unit !
WARNING: 3. Installation and operation by service personnel only !
WARNING: 4. No user serviceable parts inside. No internal settings.

Warranty void if cover removed !

WARNING: 5. Always suspend traffic through the barrier area during

installation and testing that may result in unexpected
operation of the barrier.

WARNING: 6. USA

FCC Advisory Statement – Refer to Appendix A at the
end of this document.

WARNING: 7. Europe

Disposing of the product:

This electronic product is subject to
the EU Directive 2002/96/EC for
Waste Electrical and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE). As such, this
product must not be disposed of at
a local municipal waste collection
point. Please refer to local
regulations for directions on how to
dispose of this product in an
environmental friendly manner.

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1. INTRODUCTION

The PD160 Enhanced Series Single Channel Inductive Loop Vehicle Detector is a microprocessor
based detector designed specifically for parking and vehicle access control applications. It is suited
primarily to complex multilane access control and counting applications. Using the most up-to-date
technology, the PD160 has been designed in order to meet the requirements of a vast number of
parking applications (in terms of operating conditions and options available to the user).

The primary function of the detector is to detect vehicle presence by means of an inductance change
caused by the vehicle passing over a wire loop buried under the road surface.

The detector has been designed for ease of installation and convenience. With the on-board
diagnostics and automatic frequency selection to assist with installation, as well as customisable
outputs, the product is easily configurable to suit most applications.

With the introduction of the easy to operate LCD menu system, settings can be changed for
frequency, sensitivity, presence modes, as well as configurable and interchangeable output
combinations. The menu also provides access to a host of diagnostic and statistic information.

Over and above the LCD menu system, the PD160 provides additional visual outputs (LED’s) on the
front of the enclosure to provide an indication of the state of the channel as well as the detector itself.
The channel LED indicates whether a vehicle is present over the loop or there is a fault on the loop
while the power LED indicates that the unit has been powered and is operational or whether the
channel has recovered from a fault.

The unit has relay change-over contacts on the 11 pin connector at the rear of the enclosure, for
providing outputs as selected through the menu system.

Related Documents:

Data Sheet Document No. 304DS0001
Installation Leaflet Document No. 304LF0001
1 Channel Vehicle Detector Installation Guide Document No. 300LF0006

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2. TECHNICAL DATA

2.1 Functional Data

Tuning Fully Automatic

Self-tuning range 20 µH to 1500 µH
Sensitivity Fifteen step adjustable on the LCD menu

Ranging from 0.01% L/L to 5% L/L
ASB (Automatic Sensitivity Boost) selectable

Frequency Eight step adjustable on LCD menu
12 – 80 kHz (Frequency determined by loop geometry)
AFS (Automatic Frequency Selection) selectable

Output Configuration 2 output relays (3rd output optional)
User configurable for: Presence on detect or fault
Pulse on detect, un-detect, or fault
Normally Open (N/O) contacts
(Opto-Isolated outputs are available on request. MOQ applies)

Pulse Output Duration Eight step selectable on the LCD menu
Ranging from 50ms to 2seconds (Default set to 150ms)

Filter (Delay) Eight step selectable output filter
Ranging from 100ms to 10seconds (Default is OFF)

Presence Method Permanent or Limited to approximately 1 hour for a 1% L/L
Presence Time Eight step selectable on LCD menu

Drift Compensation Rate Approx. 1 %∆L/L per minute

Response Times 100-200 milliseconds (subject to sensitivity level and level of detect,

Visual Indications 1 x Power / Status LED – Red
1 x Channel Status LED – Green
LCD diagnostics displays

Reset Selectable through the menu structure for:
Resetting Channel Statistics
Retuning Channel
Resetting settings to factory default

Surge protection Loop isolation transformer, gas discharge tubes,

Power Fail Selectable to have infinite memory retention of detector state on

Ranging from 30seconds to 60minutes (Default is OFF)

as well as speed of vehicle over the loop)

and Zener diode clamping on loop input

power failure (provided certain criteria are met. Refer to section

3.2.7.1.

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2.2 Electrical Data

Power requirements 120 V
230 VAC ± 10% (48 to 62Hz) (PD162)
Requirement: 1.5 VA Maximum @ 230 V

Requirement: 1 VA Maximum @ 12 V
Relay Contact Rating Relays rated – 1 A @ 230 V

Optional – Opto Isolated 50mA @ 30V
maximum current as per graph below:

2.3 Environmental Data

± 10% (48 to 62Hz) (PD161)

AC

12 V -10% to 24 V +10% DC/AC (48 to 62Hz) (PD164)

AC

DC

For ambient temperatures above 60°C De-rate the rel ay

Storage Temperature -40°C to +80°C
Operating Temperature -30°C to +70°C (as a funct ion of the LCD)

(below -20°C the LCD response time is affecte d)
Humidity Up to 95% relative humidity without condensation
Circuit protection Conformal coating over the PCB and all components
IP Rating IP30 – This product MUST be installed in an enclosure

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2.4 Mechanical Data

Housing Material ABS blend
Mounting Position Shelf or DIN rail mounting
Connections 11-pin Submagnal (JEDEC No. B11-88)
Size of Housing 78mm ( High ) X 41mm ( Wide ) X 80mm ( Deep )

77.7 mm

2.5 Approvals

80 mm

40.6 mm

75.9 mm

CE Regulations: EN 301 489-3 Equipment Type: III
Class of Equipment: 2

EN 50293 Performance Criteria B
Safety: IEC / EN 60950-1

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3. OPERATING PROCEDURE

3.1 Hardware Set-Up

The PD160 Enhanced Series single channel parking detector is designed to be shelf or DIN rail
mounted, with the controls and visual indicators at the front, and wiring at the rear of the enclosure.

The power, loop and relay outputs are all connected to the single 11-pin plug, which is mounted at the
rear of the enclosure.

3.2 LCD Menu System

Normal Display

Frequency
Settings

Sensitivity
Settings

Presence
Settings

Relay Settings

Diagnostics

Reset Settings

Go back…

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3.2.1 Idle Display

The menu system does NOT interfere with the operation of the unit; it merely provides the ability to
change settings and to view diagnostics. The unit is fully operational while menu settings are changed
and most settings have immediate effect.

3.2.2 Frequency

The loops connected to multichannel detectors are not susceptible to crosstalk due to the design of the
loop interface. For more information about crosstalk refer to section 5.2.2.

The frequency setting allows the operating frequency of the loop to be shifted higher or lower
depending on the selection. However, the operating frequency of the detector channel is determined
by a combination of:

Inductance of the loop and feeder cable
Detector frequency settings

The operating frequency of the detector channel increases as the loop inductance decreases and vice
versa. The inductance of the loop and feeder cable is determined by:

Size of the loop
Number of turns in the loop
Length of feeder cable

As a general rule, the detector connected to the inductive loop with the greatest inductance should be
set to operate at the lowest frequency.

If the frequency reading from the on-board diagnostics is close to the maximum frequency, the
inductance of the loop is too low and more turns need to be added to the loop. However if the reading
is close to the minimum frequency, the inductance of the loop is too high and you need to remove
turns from the loop.

If the detector is operating close to either limit, it is possible that either the frequency drift caused by
environmental changes or the shift in frequency caused by a large %∆L/L detect will cause the
frequency to go outside the limits and cause a retune.

The idle display is the normal display shown when not in the menu
system. It displays the model of the unit. Any button pressed will
enter the menu system. The up () and down () arrows are used to
navigate the system, while the enter button is used to select items,
e.g. changing settings, going deeper into the menu, or going back.
Under normal operating conditions, if a button is inadvertently
pressed, or during the use of the menu system, the menu will go back
one display every 25 seconds. This is not the case in the diagnostics
thus keeping certain desired information on display.

The frequency settings menu is the first menu and is used to shift the
operating frequency of the detector. This is primarily used to handle
situations in which more than one detector is used at the same site.
The detectors must be set-up to ensure no crosstalk (interference)
occurs between adjacent loops connected to different detectors. This
is achieved by ensuring that the loops of the two detectors are
spaced sufficiently apart (approximately 2 metres between adjacent
edges) and also ensuring that the detectors are set to different
frequencies.

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Setting Offset

8 Highest 8%
7 6%
6 4%
5 2.5%
4 2%
3 1.5%
2 1%
1 Lowest 0%

AFS Automatic

End1

Selecting any one of these manual settings will put the detector into manual frequency selection and
retune the channel to that setting. At each extreme of high frequency and low frequency, there will be
some settings which don’t allow the channel to tune as the frequency shift could push the frequency
out of the acceptable operational range. It is possible for the operational frequency to be sufficiently
high or low that none of the selections are tuneable. In this situation, refer to the on-board diagnostics.

There are eight manual frequency shift selections to choose from,
numbered from 1 to 8, with 1 producing the lowest frequency and
8 the highest. The amount the frequency is shifted depends on
the inductance of the loop and feeder cable but is approximately
equivalent to the offset value shown in the table (where the value
shown is the percentage shift up in frequency from the lowest
setting). This amount decreases slightly for smaller inductances.
Due to the non-linear nature of the oscillator, the higher
selections produce more of a shift than the lower ones.

The eight settings allow a shift across the tuneable inductance
range of over 20%.

3.2.2.1 Automatic Frequency Selection

The PD160 Enhanced Series introduces the new Automatic Frequency Selection (AFS) which is
turned on by default. This setting allows the detector to briefly evaluate all eight frequency shifts and
select the best frequency offset available. It weighs up each selection based on where the frequency is
located within the operational range, the signal strength, and the level of detected noise. AFS allows
the detector to evaluate all the frequency selections where-as if it is deactivated, the detector only
evaluates the user selected frequency.

Due to the increased processing required, AFS takes longer to tune
than when it is deactivated. When AFS is activated, under the normal
or idle display, the display will indicate that it is attempting to tune.
The tune time with AFS on can range from 5 to 20 seconds. If after
this period of time, the detector still has not tuned, refer to the on­board diagnostics as it is also possible that none of the frequency
selections are suitable. In this case the detector will indicate a fault
under the diagnostics displays.

Due to the sporadic nature of noise, the channel may seem quiet during the evaluation but still suffer
from cross-talk. There may be some extreme cases where the 20% shift in frequency is insufficient to
handle the amount of cross-talk.

For more information on cross-talk, refer to the installation guide at section 5, specifically section 5.2.2.
For more information about diagnostics, refer to section 3.2.6.
For more information about tuning refer to section 4.1.

AFS can be toggled on or off via the frequency menu. When activated, the channel will be retuned to
find the best frequency of operation. When deactivated, if the channel is tuned, it will not retune but
remain at the previously selected frequency. If deactivated while the detector is tuning, it defaults to
setting 5 of 8. In this situation, it is recommended that the user selects a frequency setting.

While the detector is tuning, it is recommended to allow the previous selection to complete.
On both manual and automatic frequency selection, once a valid frequency offset has been selected,

the detector waits for that setting to settle below the sensitivity setting before allowing normal operation
to continue. If there is sufficient drift from an extreme temperature change in the installation location or
vehicles driving over the loop at the time, it is possible that the tuning will timeout, invalidate that
frequency selection and attempt to tune again. The diagnostic displays will indicate drift in this

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situation. If the situation is very close to the limit, it is possible that it might tune as the
drift or noise goes back over the threshold and the unit goes into detect just as it
tunes. In a noisy environment, this can be prevented by retuning and if the situation persists to
decrease the channel sensitivity or increase the relay output delay.

The PD160 Detector can handle environmental conditions that cause the frequency to drift up at a rate
of approximately 1 %∆L/L per minute. Above this, false detects can occur.

If the drift is high it could be a possible fault with the loop or feeder cable. Possibly the wire insulation
has deteriorated and moisture is causing a short to earth or wires of the loop are no longer
encapsulated and are moving.

For more information about Frequency drift refer to the “Theory of Application” section in the
Diagnostic Unit DU100 User Manual Document No. 895UM0001.

3.2.3 Sensitivity

The sensitivity of the detector determines the change of inductance
necessary to produce a detect. The PD160 provides a much larger
range of sensitivities, with fifteen available settings.

Defined as the percentage change in inductance, the sensitivity
selections range from 0.01% which is the highest sensitivity, to 5.0%
as the lowest sensitivity.

Setting

0.01% Highest

0.02%

0.03%

0.04%

0.05%

0.06%

0.07%

0.08%

0.09%

0.10%

0.20%

0.50%

1.00%

2.00%

5.00% Lowest
ASB Automatic Sensitivity Boost

For a standard loop of 1.0 metres by 2.0 metres with 2 turns (circumference less than 10 m) and a ten
metre feeder cable the above right table shows typical sensitivity values for different vehicle types. For
more information about Sensitivity refer to the “Theory of Application” section in Diagnostic Unit
DU100 User Manual Document No. 895UM0001.

3.2.3.1 Automatic Sensitivity Boost

Automatic sensitivity boost (ASB) is a mode which alters the un-detect level of the detector, and can

be toggled on or off via the sensitivity menu.

ASB causes the sensitivity level to be boosted to a maximum on detection of a vehicle, irrespective of
current sensitivity level and maintained at this level during the entire presence of the vehicle over the
loop. When the vehicle leaves the loop and the detection is lost, the sensitivity level reverts to the pre­selected level.

VEHICLE TYPE
Metal Supermarket Trolley

Bicycle 0.04
Motorbike 0.12
Articulated Truck 0.38
Four Wheel Drive 0.40
5 Ton Tip Truck 0.45
Motor Car > 1.00
Forklift > 1.00

%∆L/L

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