Nokia NSW-6, 8860 RF Description and Troubleshooting

PAMS Technical Documentation

NSW-6 Series Transceivers

System Module SE2

Issue 1 12/99  Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd.

NSW-6 System Module SE2

PAMS Technical Documentation

AMENDMENT RECORD SHEET

Amendment Number

Date Inserted By Comments

12/99 OJuntune

Page 2

 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd.

Issue 1 12/99

PAMS Technical Documentation

CONTENTS

Transceiver NSW–6 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External Connectors and Main Interfaces 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External and Internal Connectors 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contacts Description 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Connector 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Charging Connector 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headset Connector 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baseband Module, Functional Description 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Modes of Operation 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analog Control Channel mode (ACCH) 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analog Voice Channel Mode (AVCH) 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Digital Control Channel Mode (DCCH) 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Digital Traffic Channel Mode (DTCH) 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Out of Range mode (OOR) 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Locals Mode 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Technical Summary 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

List of Submodules 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baseband Submodules 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CTRLU 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MCU main features 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DSP Main Features 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Logic main Features 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Memories 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AUDIO–RF 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COBBA Main Features 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PWRU 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CCONT Main Features 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CHAPS Main Features 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NSW-6

System Module SE2

Page No

Clocking 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Clock 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sleep Clock 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Resets 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power–up reset 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other reset 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Distribution 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Up 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power up with a charger 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Normal Battery voltage 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Empty Battery 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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NSW-6 System Module SE2

Power Up by IBI 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mixed Trigger to power up 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Down 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Controlled Power Down 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Down pushing PWR key 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Down when the battery voltage is discharged 25.

Power Down with fault in transmitter 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uncontrolled Power Down 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Down when Watchdog expires 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Disconnected 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Disconnected when charger is connected 26. . . .

Sleep Mode 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Entering the Sleep mode 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waking up from the Sleep mode 26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Charging Control 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Two–wire Charging 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Three–wire Charging 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Watchdog 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Overvoltage Protection 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Identification 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Battery Temperature 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Supply Voltage Regulators 30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Control 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Internal Microphone and Earpiece 32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

External Audio Connections 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Audio Accessory Detection 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Internal Audio Connections (speech processing) 33. . . . . . .

4–wire PCM Serial Interface 34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Speech Processing 34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alert Signal Generation 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Digital Control 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MAD 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Memories 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Program Memory 16MBit Flash 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SRAM Memory 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EEPROM Emulated in FLASH Memory 37. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Flash Programming 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PAMS Technical Documentation

RF Module 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Technical Summary 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RF Frequency Plan 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DC Characteristics 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Distribution Diagram 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regulators 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Receiver 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAMPS800 RX 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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PAMS Technical Documentation

TDMA 1900 RX 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency Synthesizers 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAMPS 800 operation 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TDMA 1900 operation 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transmitter 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAMPS800 TX 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TDMA1900 TX 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAMPS800/TDMA1900 operation 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Supply voltages in different modes of operation 45. . . . . . . .

Software Compensations 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Levels (TXC) vs. Temperature 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Levels (TXC) vs. Channel 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power levels vs. Battery Voltage 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TX Power Up/Down Ramps 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Digital Mode RSSI 46. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RF Block Specifications 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NSW-6

System Module SE2

Receiver 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAMPS 800MHz RX Front End 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TDMA 1900MHz RX Front End 47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SAW Filter 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Analog IF parts 48. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Digital IF parts 49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transmitter 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TX Power levels 50. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Synthesizers 51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

UHF Synthesizers specification 51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

VHF Synthesizers specification 51. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Output levels 52. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RF/BB interface signals 52. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parts Lists 57. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Engine Module SE2 (0201320) 57. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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NSW-6 System Module SE2

PAMS Technical Documentation

CONTENTS

Schematics/ Layouts

Block Diagram of SE2 Module (Version 5100 Edit 118) 3A–1. . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of BB (Version 5100 Edit 355) 3A–2. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of CTRLU Block (Version 5100 Edit 400 ) 3A–3. . .

Circuit Diagram of PWRU (Version 5100 Edit 402 ) 3A–4. . . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of Audio (Version 5100 Edit 315) 3A–5. . . . . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of Receiver (Version 5100 Edit 229) 3A–6. . . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of Synthesizer Block (Version 5100 Edit 188) 3A–7

Circuit Diagram of Transmitter (Version 5100 Edit 566) 3A–8. . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of RF–BB (Version 5100 Edit 101) 3A–9. . . . . . . . . .

Circuit Diagram of UI (Version 5100 Edit 173) 3A–10. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Layout Diagram of JM1 1/2 3A–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Layout Diagram of JM1 2/2 3A–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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PAMS Technical Documentation

Transceiver NSW–6

Introduction

The NSW–6 is a dual band triple mode radio transceiver designed for the

DAMPS and TDMA1900 networks, with 9 power levels and a maximum

output of 480mW.

The transceiver comprises of a System/RF module SE2 with integrated

user interface and assembly parts.

The transceiver features a full graphic display and a two soft–key based

user interface. The antenna is internal. External antenna connection is

not included. The transceiver also features a leakage tolerant earpiece

and a noise cancelling microphone.

NSW-6

System Module SE2

External Connectors and Main Interfaces

External and Internal Connectors

Supply Voltages and Power Consumption

Connector Line Symbol Minimum Typical /

Nominal

Charging VIN 7.1 8.4 9.3 V/ Travel charger,

Charging VIN 7.25 7.6 7.95 V/ Travel charger.

Charging I / VIN 720 800 850 mA/ Travel charger,

Charging I / VIN 320 370 420 mA/ Travel charger,

Maximum/

Peak

Unit / Notes

ACT–1

ACP–7, ACP–8

ACT–1

ACP–7

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NSW-6 System Module SE2

Battery contact signals

PAMS Technical Documentation

Pin Line

Symbol

1 BVOLT Battery voltage 3.0 3.6 5.3 V/ Maximum voltage in idle

2 BSI

3 BTEMP Input voltage

4 BGND 0 0 V

Parameter Mini-

mum

Input voltage 0 2.85 V/ Battery size indication

Battery indication resistor

Input voltage

20 22 24 kohm/ service battery 27 51 kohm/ 4.1V Li battery 68 91 kohm/ 4.2V Li battery 0

2.1

Typical / Nomi-

nal

181% kohm/ Ni battery

Maxi-

mum

1.4 3

Unit / Notes

mode with a charger connected

Phone has 100k pull up resistor

V/ Battery temp. indication V/ Phone power up (pulse)

Contacts Description

The transceiver electronics consist of the Radio Module ie. RF + System

blocks, the keyboard PCB, the display module and audio components.

The keypad and the display module are connected to the Radio Module

with connectors. System blocks and RF blocks are interconnected with

PCB wiring. The Transceiver is connected to accessories via charger con-

nector (includes jack and plates), and headset connector.

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The System blocks provide the MCU, DSP and Logic control functions in

MAD ASIC, external memories, audio processing and RF control hard-

ware in COBBA ASIC. Power supply circuitry CCONT ASIC delivers oper-

ating voltages both for the System and the RF blocks.

The RF block is designed for a handportable phone which operates in the

TDMA system. The purpose of the RF block is to receive and demodulate

the radio frequency signal from the base station and to transmit a modu-

lated RF signal to the base station

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PAMS Technical Documentation

5.0

Maximum voltage in call state with charger

Battery Connector

Battery contact signals

Pin Name Min Typ Max Unit Notes

NSW-6

System Module SE2

4 BVOLT 3.0 3.6 4.5

5.3

3 BSI

2 BTEMP

0 2.85 V Battery size indication

181% kohm Battery indication resistor (Ni battery)

20 22 24 kohm Battery indication resistor (service battery)

33+/1 kohm Battery indication resistor (4.1V 600 mAh Lith-

47+/–

10%

0 1.4 V Battery temperature indication

2.1 1 10

1.9

90 100

2.85 200

V Battery voltage

Maximum voltage in idle state with charger

Phone has 100kohm pull up resistor.

SIM Card removal detection

(Threshold is 2.4V@VBB=2.8V)

ium battery)

kohm Battery indication resistor (Flash adapter)

Phone has a 100k (+–5%) pullup resistor,

Battery package has a NTC pulldown resistor:

47k+–5%@+25C , B=4050+–3%

Phone power up by battery (input)

Power up pulse width

Battery power up by phone (output)

Power up pulse width

1 BGND 0 0 V Battery ground

Charging Connector

Contact Line Symbol Function

DC–jack side contact (DC–plug ring)

DC–jack center pin VIN Charger input voltage DC–jack side contact

(DC–plug jacket)

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L_GND Charger ground

CHRG_CTRL Charger control output (from phone)

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NSW-6

System Module SE2

Pin Name Min Typ Max Unit Notes

PAMS Technical Documentation

2, b VIN

3, a L_GND 0 0 V Supply ground 4, c CHRG_

TRL

7.25

3.25 320

7.1

3.25 720

0 0.5 V Charger control PWM low

2.0 2.85 V Charger control PWM high

1 99 % PWM duty cycle

7.6

3.6

370

8.4

3.6

800

32 Hz PWM frequency for a fast charger

7.95

16.9

3.95 420

9.3

3.95 850

V V V

V V

Unloaded ACP–7 Charger (5kohms load)

Peak output voltage (5kohms load) Loaded output voltage (10ohms load) Supply current

Unloaded ACP–9 Charger Loaded output voltage (10ohms load) Supply current

Headset Connector

The contacts of the headset connector are listed below, with the help of the diagram of the headset plug.

HEADSET

PLUG

1234/5

Contact Line Symbol

1. contact (plug ring 1) XMICN

2. contact (plug ring 2) XEARN

3. contact (plug ring 3) XMICP

4. and 5. contact (center pin) XEARP (4) / HEADSETINT (5)

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PAMS Technical Documentation

System Module SE2

Baseband Module, Functional Description

Modes of Operation

The phone has the following main operating modes – Analog mode, on 800 MHz band

– Analog Control Channel ACCH – Analog Voice Channel AVCH

– Digital mode, on 800 MHz band

– Digital Control Channel DCCH – Digital Traffic Channel DTCH

NSW-6

– Digital mode, on 1900 MHz band

– Digital Control Channel DCCH

– Digital Traffic Channel DTCH – Out Of Range –mode OOR – Locals mode

Analog Control Channel mode (ACCH

On analog control channel the phone receives continuous signalling messages on Forward Control Channel (FOCC) from base station, being most of the time in IDLE mode. Only the receiver part is on. Occasionally the phone re–scans control channels in order to find the stronger or otherwise preferred control channel.

Also registration (TX on) happens occasionally, whereby the phone sends its information on Reverse Control Channel (RECC) to base station and the phone’s location is updated in the switching office.

If a call is initiated, either by the user or base station, the phone moves to analog voice channel or digital traffic channel mode depending on the orders by the base station.

)

Analog Voice Channel Mode (AVCH)

The phone receives and transmits analog audio signal. All circuitry is powered up except digital rx–parts. In this mode the DSP does all the audio processing and in the Hands Free (HF) mode it also performs echo– cancellation and the HF algorithm. COBBA performs the AD–conversion for the MIC signal, and the DA–conversion for the EAR signal.

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NSW-6 System Module SE2

With audio signal also SAT (Supervisory Audio Tone) is being received from the base station. The SAT signal can be 5970 Hz, 6000Hz or 6030 Hz, the frequency being defined by the base station. DSP’s DPLL phase lock loops to SAT, detects if the SAT frequency is the expected one and examines the signal quality. DSP reports SAT quality figures to MCU regularly. The received SAT signal is transponded (transmitted back) to base station.

The base station can send signalling messages on Forward Voice Channel (FVC) to the phone, by replacing the audio with a burst of Wide Band Data (WBD). Typically these are handoff or power level messages. System Logic RX–modem is used for receiving the signalling message burst, after which it gives interrupt to MCU for reading the data. During the burst audio path must be muted; MCU gives message to DSP about this. MCU can acknowledge the messages on Reverse Voice Channel (RVC), where DSP sends the WBD to transmitter RF.

Also Signalling Tone (ST) can be transmitted to acknowledge messages from base station. DSP sends ST after MCU’s command.

PAMS Technical Documentation

On Analog Voice Channel MCU uses sleep mode (HW DEEP SLEEP) most of the time, but other circuits are fully operational.

Digital Control Channel Mode (DCCH)

On digital control channel (DCCH) DSP receives the paging information from the Paging channels. DSP sends messages to MCU for processing them.

Each Hyperframe (HFC) comprises two Superframes (SF), the first as the Primary (p) and the second as the Secondary (s) paging frame. The assigned Page Frame Class (PFC) defines the frames which must be received, and thus it also defines when the receiver must be on; i.e. the basic power consumption is defined at the same time.

The phone employs sleep mode between received time slots. Then DSP sets the sleep clock timer and MCU, DSP and RF including VCXO are powered down. Only sleep clock and necessary timers are running.

From DCCH phone may be ordered to analog control channel or to analog or digital traffic channel.

Digital Traffic Channel Mode (DTCH)

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Digital Voice Channel

On digital voice channel DSP processes speech signal in 20 ms time slots. DSP performs the speech and channel functions in time shared fashion and sleeps whenever possible. Rx and tx are powered on and off according to the slot timing. MCU is waken up mainly by DSP, when there is signalling information for the Cellular Software.

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PAMS Technical Documentation

Digital Data Channel

Digital Data Channel is supported in the product.

Out of Range mode (OOR)

If the phone cannot find signal from the base station on any control channel (analog or digital) it can go into OOR mode for power saving.

All RF circuits are powered off and baseband circuits are put into low power mode, VCXO is stopped and only sleep clock is running in MAD and CCONT. After the programmable timer in MAD has elapsed the phone turns receiver on and tries to receive signalling data from base station. If it succeeds, the phone goes to standby mode on analog or digital control channel. If the connection can not be established the phone will return to out of range mode, until the timer elapses again.

Locals Mode

NSW-6

System Module SE2

Locals mode is used by product development, production and after sales, for testing purposes. MCU’s Cellular Software is stopped (no signalling to base station), and the phone is controlled by MBUS messages from test PC.

Technical Summary

List of Submodules

Submodule Function

CTRLU Control Unit for the phone, comprising MAD ASIC (MCU, DSP,

System Logic) and Memories PWRU Power supply, comprising CCONT and CHAPS AUDIO_RF_IF Audio coding and RF–BB interface, COBBA UI User Interface components

These blocks are only functional blocks and therefore have no type nor material codes. For block diagram, see baseband schematics.

The battery voltage range in DCT3 family is 3.0V to 4.5V depending on the battery charge and used cell type (Li–Ion or NiMH). Because of the battery voltage the baseband supply voltage is a nominal of 2.8V.

The baseband is running from a 2.8V power rail which is supplied by a power controlling asic (CCONT). In the CCONT there are seven individually controlled regulator outputs for the RF section, one 2.8V output for the baseband plus a core voltage for MAD1. In addition there is one +5V power supply output(V5V). A real time clock function is integrated into the CCONT which utilizes the same 32KHz clock supply as the sleep clock. A backup power supply is provided for the RTC which keeps the

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real time clock running when the main battery is removed. The backup power supply is a rechargeable polyacene battery with a backup time of ten minutes.

The interface between the baseband and the RF section is handled by a specific asic. The COBBA_D asic provides A/D and D/A conversion of the in–phase and quadrature receive and transmit signal paths and also A/D and D/A conversions of received and transmitted audio signals to and from the UI parts. Data transmission between the COBBA_D and the MAD is implemented using serial connections. Digital speech processing is handled by the MAD asic. The COBBA_D asic is a dual supply voltage circuit, the digital parts are running from the baseband supply VBB and the analog parts are running from the analog supply VCOBBA (VR6).

Block diagram for the phone is below.

PAMS Technical Documentation

LCD

vibra motor

BASEBAND

TX/RX SIGNALS

COBBA SUPPLY

COBBA_P

AUDIOLINES

MAD1 +

MEMORIES

CHARGER conn

RF SUPPLIES

CCONT

BB SUPPLY

core voltage

CHAPS

PA SUPPL Y

32kHz CLK

SLEEP CLOCK

VBAT

19.44M CLK

SYSTEM CLOCK

BATTERY NiMH LiIon

Baseband Submodules

CTRLU

CTRLU comprises MAD ASIC (MCU, DSP, System Logic) and Memories. The environment consists of two memory circuits; (FLASH, SRAM),

22–bit address bus, and 16–bit data bus. Also there are ROM1SELX, ROM2SELX, and RAMSELX signals for chip selection.

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PAMS Technical Documentation

MCU main features

System control

Cellular Software (CS)

Cellular Software communicates with the switching office, and performs call build–up, maintenance and termination.

Communication control

M2BUS is used to communicate to external devices. This interface is also used for factory testing, service and maintenance purposes.

User Interface (UI)

PWR–key, keyboard, LCD, backlight, mic, ear and alert (buzzer, vibra, led) control. Serial interface from MAD to LCD (same as for CCONT).

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Authentication

Authentication is used to prevent fraud usage of cellular phones.

RF monitoring

RF temperature monitoring by VCXOTEMP, ADC in CCONT. Received signal strength monitoring by RSSI, ADC in CCONT. False transmission detection by TXF signal, digital IO–pin.

Power up/down and Watchdog control

When power key is pressed, initial reset (PURX) has happened and default regulators have powered up in CCONT, MCU and DSP take care of the rest of power up procedures (LCD, COBBA, RF). The MCU must regularly reset the Watchdog counter in CCONT, otherwise the power will be switched off.

Accessory monitoring

Accessory detection by EAD (HEADSETINT), AD–converter in CCONT.

Battery and charging monitoring

MCU reads the battery type (BTYPE), temperature (BTEMP) and voltage (VBAT) values by AD–converter in CCONT, and phone’s operation is allowed only if the values are reasonable. Charging current is controlled by writing suitable values to PWM control in CCONT.

Production/after sales tests and tuning

Control of CCONT via serial bus

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MCU reads also charger voltage (VCHAR) and charging current values (ICHAR).

Flash loading, baseband tests, RF tuning

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PAMS Technical Documentation

MCU writes controls (regulators on/off, Watchdog reset, charge PWM control) and reads AD–conversion values. For AD–conversions MCU gives the clock for CCONT (bus clock), because the only clock in CCONT is sleep clock, which has a too low frequency.

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DSP Main Features

DSP (Digital Signal Processor) is in charge of the channel and speech coding according to the IS–136 specification. The block consists of a DSP and internal ROM and RAM memory. The input clock is 9.72 MHz, and DSP has its own internal PLL–multiplier. Main interfaces are to MCU, and via System Logic to COBBA and RF.

System Logic main Features

– MCU related clocking, timing and interrupts (CTIM) – DSP related clocking, timing and interrupts (CTID) – DSP general IO–port –reset and interrupts to MCU and DSP – interface between MCU and DSP (API)

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– MCU interface to System Logic (MCUif) – MCU controlled PWMs, general IO–port and USART for MBUS (PUP) – Receive Modem (Rxmodem) – Interface to Keyboard, CCONT and LCD Drivers (UIF) – Interface to MCU memories, address lines and chip select decoding (BUSC)

– DSP interface to System Logic (DSPif) – serial accessory interface (AccIf, DSP–UART) – Modulation, transmit filter and serial interface to COBBA (MFI) – Serial interface for RF synthesizer control (SCU)

Memories

The speed of FLASH and SRAM is 120 ns. FLASH – size 1024k * 16 bit, contains the main program code for the MCU, and

is able to emulate EEPROM. SRAM – size 128k * 16 bit

AUDIO–RF

Audio interface and baseband–RF interface converters are integrated into COBBA circuit.

COBBA Main Features

The codec includes microphone and earpiece amplifier and all the necessary switches for routing. There are two different possibilities for routing;

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internal and external devices. There are also all the AD– and DA– converters for the RF interface.

DEMO block is used for FM–demodulation in analog mode. A slow speed DA–converter provides automatic frequency control (AFC).

In addition, there is a DA–converters for transmitter power control (TXC). COBBA also passes the RFC (19.44 MHz) to MAD as COBBACLK (9.72

MHz). COBBA is connected to MAD via two serial buses: – RXTXSIO, for interfacing the RF–DACs and DEMO; and also for audio

codec and general control. Signals used: COBBACLK (9.72 MHz, from COBBA), COBBACSX, COBBASD (bi–directional data) and COBBADAX (data ready flag for rx–samples).

– Codec SIO, for interfacing the audio ADCs / DACs (PCM–samples).

Signals: PCMDCLK (data clock 1.08 MHz / 1.215 MHz), PCMSCLK (frame sync 8.0 kHz / 8.1 kHz), PCMTxdata and PCMRxdata.

PAMS Technical Documentation

PWRU

PWRU comprises CCONT circuit and CHAPS circuit.

CCONT Main Features

CCONT generates regulated supply voltages for baseband and RF. There are seven 2.8 V linear regulators for RF, one 2.8 V regulator for baseband, one special switched output (VR1_SW), one programmable 2 V output (V2V), one 3/5 V output, one 5 V output, and one 1.5 V +/– 1.5 % reference voltage for RF and COBBA.

Other functions include: – power up/down procedures and reset logic

– charging control (PWM), charger detection – watchdog – sleep clock (32.768 kHz) and control – 8–channel AD–converter.

CHAPS Main Features

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CHAPS comprises the hardware for charging the battery and protecting the phone from over–voltage in charger connector.

The main functions include – transient, over–voltage and reverse charger voltage protection

– limited start–up charge current for a totally empty battery – voltage limit when battery removed – with SW protection against too high charging current

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Clocking

System Clock

VR1

CHAPS

BATTERY

19.44MHz

VCXO

200mVpp–1Vpp sine wave

MAD COBBA

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LCD–DRVR

LCDRESXRFC

PWRONX

32 kHz

. Clocking and resets

VCXO on RF provides the system clock for baseband (RFC). COBBA squares the clock and divides it by two for MAD (COBBACLK).

This clock can be stopped by cutting supply voltage from VCXO (CCONT regulator VR1) and started again by powering on the same regulator. MAD controls it through RFCEN. It can be stopped only when both MCU and DSP request that. It is always stopped in SLEEP–mode on control channels. When the VCXO is stopped time is measures in MAD by using the sleep clock SLCLK; when the programmable timer expires it gives interrupt to DSP/MCU and MAD also starts the VCXO power supply by RFCEN signal.

CCONT

SLCLK

PURX

RFCEN RFCSETTLED

COBBARESX

COBBACLK

9.72MHz Square wave

2.8Vpp

The same sleep clock is also used in the MBUS interface, to detect if there is communication on the bus during sleep periods.

Inside MAD System Logic parts provide clock signal to both DSP and MCU, and both internal clocks can be stopped individually for power saving. MCU can use either CLOCK STOP or HW STANDBY sleep mode.

Sleep Clock

CCONT makes 32.768 kHz sleep clock for MAD. This crystal oscillator in CCONT_2’ starts to run only after the battery is connected and the phone

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has been started once. The SLCLK output is enabled only when the baseband parts are powered up.

After the sleep periods, when the VCXO is restarted (by RFCEN), MAD takes care that the clock is not used before it is properly settled. MAD output RFCSETTLED prevents COBBA from using the clock during the settling time (RFCSETTLED rises later than RFCEN), as well MAD internally inhibits DSP and MCU during the same time. This settling time can be programmed before going to sleep mode, and the sleep clock is used for measuring the time.

Resets

Power–up reset

PAMS Technical Documentation

CCONT gives the power–up reset (PURX) to MAD and COBBA. Also display is reset via MAD output pin. During this reset the VCXO clock has enough time to settle so that it can be used as the system clock after reset.

Other reset

COBBA can be also internally reset; there are two internal reset bits in COBBA registers which can be written by MAD.

LCD reset is possible also by by MCU SW, because the control pin pin is controlled by MCU.

There are also MAD internal reset possibilities – MCU can reset system logic parts – MCU can reset DSP – SW–watchdog can reset the whole MAD

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PAMS Technical Documentation

Power Distribution

In normal operation the baseband is powered from the phone‘s battery. The battery consists of one Lithium–Ion cell. There is also a possibility to use batteries consisting of three Nickel Metal Hydride cells or one Solid state cell. An external charger can be used for recharging the battery and supplying power to the phone. The charger can be either performance charger, which can deliver supply current up to 850 mA or a standard charger that can deliver approx. 300 mA.

The figure below is a simplified block diagram of the power distribution. The power management circuitry provides protection against overvol-

tages, charger failures and pirate chargers etc. that could cause damage to the phone.

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VCHAR

CHAPS

VBAT

PWM

BATTERY

CCONT

VR1

VR6 VBB

VCXO

MAD

VBB V5V Vref

SIO

COBBA LCD–DRVR

FLASH

VR1–VR7

Battery voltage VBAT is connected to CCONT which regulates all the supply voltages VBB, VR1–VR7, VSIM and V5V. CCONT enables automatically VR1, VBB, VR6 and Vref in power–up.

VBB is used as baseband power supply for all digital parts. It is constantly on when the phone is powered up.

VSIM is used as programming voltage for the Flash memory whenever a partial re–flashing is needed, e.g. when the Flash emulates EEPROM.

V5V is used for RF parts only. In CCONT_2’ it also can be switched off by using RFCEN signal.

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