Nokia NSD–3, 6185 System Module
PAMS Technical Documentation
NSD–3 Series Transceivers
System Module
Issue 1 06/1999 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd.
NSD–3
System Module
PAMS Technical Documentation
CONTENTS
Transceiver NSD–3 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Modes of Operation 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interconnection Diagram 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Module 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connectors 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Connector 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RF–Connector 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baseband Module 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Block Diagram 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baseband Elements 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baseband ASICS Description 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MAD4 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CAFÉ 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CCONT 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PENTA 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPS 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memories 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clocks 12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baseband Power Distribution 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Description 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CCONT Regulators 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Charging 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watchdog 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Up 15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Charging – CHAPS 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Down 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RF to Baseband Interface 22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio control 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Digital control 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MAD4 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MAD Interfaces 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal Definitions 25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CAFE Submodule 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio CODEC 33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EMC Strategy 34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RF Module 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmitter 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Antenna 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diplexer 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz Transmitter 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900MHz Duplexer Scorpion 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz Isolator 35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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PAMS Technical Documentation
1900 MHz Power Amplifiers Snapper 36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz Transmitter Interstage Filtering 36. . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz Transmitter Up–converter Apache 36. . . . . . . .
800 MHz Transmitter 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz SAW Duplexer 37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz Isolator 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz Power Amplifiers Shark 38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz Transmitter Up–converter Odyssey 38. . . . . . . .
800 MHz and 1900 MHz Transmitter Intermediate Frequency (TIF) 39
1900 MHz Receiver 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz LNA and Interstage Filter 40. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1900 MHz Down Converter IC STEALTH 40. . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz and 1900 MHz CDMA IF filter 41. . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz Receiver 41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz Down Converter IC VOYAGER 42. . . . . . . . . . . .
800 MHz AMPS IF Filter 42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver Intermediate Frequency (RIF) 42. . . . . . . . . . . . .
CDMA AGC 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IQ Demodulator 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AMPS Second Down conversion 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AMPS Limiter 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Synthesizers 43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UHF LOs 1 GHz and 2 GHz 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver VHF LO 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmitter VHF LO 44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RF – Base Band Connections 45. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NSD–3
System Module
Schematic Diagrams: UF4D (A3 size, at the back of the binder)
BB–RF interface (Version 20 Edit 3) for layout version 20 A–1. . . .
Circuit Diagram of Baseband (Version 20 Edit 3) layout version 20 A–2
Circuit Diagram of Power Supply (Version 20 Edit 9) layout 20 A–3
Circuit Diagram of RF Block (Version 20 Edit 3) layout version 20 A–4
Circuit Diagram of RX (Version 20a Edit 4) for layout version 20 A–5
Circuit Diagram of TX (Version 20a Edit 8) for layout version 20 A–6
Circuit Diagram of Synthesizer (Version 20a Edit 5) layout 20 A–7.
Circuit Diagram of Cafe (Version 20a Edit 5) for layout version 20 A–8
Circuit Diagram of MAD4 (Version 20a Edit 4) for layout version 20 A–9
Circuit Diagram of MAD4 External Memories (V.20a Edit 4) layout 20 A–10
Layout Diagram of UF4 – Top (Version 20) A–11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RF Troubleshooting Test Points for UF4D – Top (Version 20) A–12.
RF Troubleshooting Test Points for UF4D – Bottom (Version 20) A–12
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NSD–3
System Module
PAMS Technical Documentation
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PAMS Technical Documentation
Transceiver NSD–3
Introduction
The NSD–3 is a tri–mode radio transceiver unit for the CDMA
800/1900MHz and AMPS network. The transceiver is true 3 V transceiver.
The transceiver consists of System/RF module ( UF4D ), User interface
module ( UE4 ) and assembly parts.
The transceiver has full graphic display, and the user interface is based
on two soft keys.
The transceiver has leakage tolerant earpiece.
The antenna is fixed. External antenna connection is provided by rear RF
connector
Modes of Operation
NSD–3
System Module
There are five different operation modes:
– power off mode
– idle mode
– active mode
– charge mode
– local mode
In the power off mode only the circuits needed for power up are supplied.
In the idle mode circuits are powered down and only sleep clock is run-
ning.
In the active mode all the circuits are supplied with power although some
parts might be in the idle state part of the time.
The charge mode is effective in parallel with all previous modes. The
charge mode itself consists of two different state: charge and mainte-
nance mode.
The local mode is used for alignment and testing.
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NSD–3
System Module
PAMS Technical Documentation
Interconnection Diagram
11 9
Keypad Display
User Interface
Module
Antenna
UE4
2
Earpiece
28
4
Battery
System/RF
Module
1
UF4D
3 + 36+2
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PAMS Technical Documentation
System Module
Circuit Description
The transceiver electronics consist of the Radio Module, RF + System
blocks, the UI PCB, the display module and audio components. The key-
pad and the display module are connected to the Radio Module with a
connectors. System blocks and RF blocks are interconnected with PCB
wiring. The Transceiver is connected to accessories via a bottom system
connector with charging and accessory control.
The RF block is designed for a handportable phone which operates in the
CDMA 800 system. The purpose of the RF block is to receive and de-
modulate the radio frequency signal from the base station and to transmit
a modulated RF signal to the base station.
Connectors
NSD–3
System Module
System Connector
B side view
Fixing pads (2 pcs)
Engine PCB
1
DC Jack
Charger pads (3 pcs)
acoustic ports
Microphone
8
7
14
Bottom
connector (6 pads)
Cable locking holes (3 pcs)
Cavity for microphone
IBI connector
(6 pads)
A side view
Note: Intelligent Battery Interface, IBI, is an accessory interface on the
battery side of the phone including the same signals as the bottom con-
nector. The accessory ( e.g. an IBI accessory) can be a battery pack with
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NSD–3
Á
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System Module
special features or an accessory module attached between the phone
and a normal battery pack.
Pin Name Function Description
1
Á
2
3
4
Á
5
Á
Á
6
Á
7
Á
V_IN
ÁÁÁÁ
L_GND
V_IN
CHRG_CTRL
ÁÁÁÁ
CHRG_CTRL
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
MICP
ÁÁÁÁ
MICN
ÁÁÁÁ
Bottom charger contacts
БББББ
DC Jack
DC Jack
DC Jack
БББББ
Bottom char-
БББББ
ger contacts
БББББ
Microphone
БББББ
Microphone
БББББ
PAMS Technical Documentation
Charging voltage.
ББББББББББ
Logic and charging ground.
Charging voltage.
Charger control.
ББББББББББ
Charger control.
ББББББББББ
ББББББББББ
Microphone signal, positive
node.
ББББББББББ
Microphone signal, negative
ББББББББББ
node.
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
Á
XMIC
ÁÁÁÁ
SGND
ÁÁÁÁ
XEAR
ÁÁÁÁ
ÁÁÁÁ
MBUS
ÁÁÁÁ
FBUS_RX
ÁÁÁÁ
FBUS_TX
ÁÁÁÁ
L_GND
ÁÁÁÁ
Bottom & IBI
БББББ
connectors
Bottom & IBI
БББББ
connectors
Bottom & IBI
БББББ
connectors
БББББ
Bottom & IBI
connectors
БББББ
Bottom & IBI
БББББ
connectors
Bottom & IBI
БББББ
connectors
Bottom char-
БББББ
ger contacts
Analog audio input.
ББББББББББ
Audio signal ground.
ББББББББББ
Analog audio output.
ББББББББББ
ББББББББББ
Bidirectional serial bus.
ББББББББББ
Serial data in.
ББББББББББ
Serial data out.
ББББББББББ
Logic and charging ground.
ББББББББББ
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RF–Connector
The RF–connector is needed to utilize the external antenna with Car
Cradle. The RF–connector is located on the back side of the transceiver
on the top section. The connector is plug type connector with special me-
chanical switching.
NSD–3
System Module
Accessory side of connector
Part will be floating in
car holder
Phone side of connector
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NSD–3
System Module
Baseband Module
Block Diagram
PAMS Technical Documentation
UI
TX/RX SIGNALS
BASEBAND
Cafe SUPPLY
Cafe
MEMORIES
AUDIOLINES
MAD
+
RF SUPPLIES
CCONT
BB SUPPLY
SYSCON
PA SUPPL Y
CHARGING
SWITCH
SLEEP CLOCK
32kHz
CLK
VBAT
SYSTEM CLOCK
19.2MHzCLK
BATTERY
Baseband Elements
Baseband refers to all technology elements in the phone design, which do
not include RF functions. The Baseband Module therefore includes audio,
logic control, signal processing, power supply, and user interface func-
tions. Baseband functionality of this product consists of third generation
Digital Core Technology (DCT3) design solutions.
Baseband ASICS Description
MAD4
The MAD4 ASIC contains four main components: DSP, MCU, RAM, and
ROM. This ASIC controls logic functions for the user interface, USART
and PWMs, CAFÉ, Control Timing and Interrupts (CTI), RX Modem, RF
Interface, Accessory Interface, and CDMA functionality.
The DSP controls the RF power and implements the compressor and ex-
pander for AMPS, the vocoders for CDMA and DTMF tone generation.
The MCU performs tasks such as UI control, timers, PUP control, RX Mo-
dem interface, audio control, evaluation of sensor data from CCONT A\D,
and battery charging control.
CAFÉ
Page 10
The CAFÉ ASIC provides CODEC functionality (A/D and D/A conversions
for voice data, microphone and speaker amplification, variable RX and TX
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PAMS Technical Documentation
Audio Gain), provides system clock squaring, utilizes PLL for CDMA clock
generation from system clock, and interfaces to the RF section and to
MAD4.
CCONT
The CCONT ASIC provides linear regulated power to most of the phone.
It has a multiplexed A/D converter for temperature sensor digitization, bat-
tery voltage, charger voltage, current consumption, and battery type
detection. An external 32 kHz oscillator circuit is connected to CCONT,
which is used for sleep clock generation. It also has a watchdog circuit
used to power off the phone in the event that MCU receives an interrupt
from power key depression, or an event has caused a process to over run
and MCU does not service the register to prevent the watchdog timer
from timing out.
PENTA
NSD–3
System Module
CHAPS
The PENTA IC chip operates as a low noise, low drop out regulator with 5
independent 2.8–volt outputs used to power on various sections of the RF
module. The PENTA IC has 5 control inputs are controlled by the MAD4
ASIC.
CHAPS operates as an integrated power switch for controlling charger
current. Its features are limited start up current, limited maximum switch
current, transient voltage protection, voltage limit protection, and reverse
voltage protection. It is designed to be used with either a single lithium
cell or three nickel cells battery types.
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NSD–3
System Module
Memories
SRAM
External SRAM is used by MAD4. Size is 2 Mbit (256k x 8 bit).
FLASH MEMORY
Flash memory contains the main program code for the MCU and default
EEPROM values. Size is 16 Mbit (1M x 16 bit), with layout compatability
for an optional 8 Mbit chip (512k x 16 bit).
EEPROM
An EEPROM is used to store user data and tuning parameters. Size is
256 kbit (32k x 8), with optional 64k x 8 bit. A 2–wire serial interface is
used for communication.
Clocks
System Clock and CDMA Clock
PAMS Technical Documentation
A 19.2 MHz signal is passed to the CAFÉ ASIC from the RF section. The
CAFÉ then generates the 19.2 MHz system clock and the 9.8304 MHz
CDMA clock, which are derived from the RF signal. Both of these clocks
are passed to MAD4.
8kHz Frame Sync Clock
An 8 kHz frame sync is generated in MAD4 and passed to the CAFÉ in
order to synchronize the internal CAFÉ clocks with the equivalent MAD4
clocks. This signal is also used to “frame” the CODEC voice data at 8kHz.
The pulse width of the frame sync will be equal to one period of the 320
kHz clock, which is internal to CAFÉ.
Sleep Clock
Sleep clock is provided by CCONT and produces a 32.768 kHz clock
used by MAD4 when it is in sleep mode. The crystal oscillator in the ex-
ternal CCONT circuitry to CCONT is not automatically started when the
battery is connected, but after power up the oscillator is always running,
even during power off periods. The only exception is when the battery is
removed.
UIF and CCONT Serial Clock (UIF_CCONT_SCLK)
This 960 KHz clock is used to synchronize serial data transmission on the
UIF and CCONT serial data bus UIF_CCONT_SDIO.
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Baseband Power Distribution
NSD–3
System Module
Description
Power management and distribution in the phone is handled by the
CCONT asic. CCONT is a multi function power management IC which
has seven 2.8V linear regulators for the RF–section of the phone. One
2.8V regulator is used to power up the baseband of the phone, and its
output is called Vbb. Additionally, one adjustable regulator is used to pow-
er up certain parts of the baseband. There are also a 5V charge pump,
5V regulator and 3/5V regulator.
The main functions are voltage regulation, power up/down procedures,
reset logic, charging control (PWM) , watchdog, sleep control, ADC and
real time clock.
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NSD–3
System Module
CCONT Regulators
Battery voltage VBAT is connected to CCONT which regulates all the sup-
ply voltages VBB, VR1–VR7, V2V, VR1_SW, VSIM and V5V. CCONT’s
default startup mode is to turn on VR1, VBB, V2V, VR6 and Vref in pow-
er–up. Vrefs default value is 1.5V, but in in this phone we use 1.25V for
Vref, so one of the first things MAD4 does on power up is to do a write to
CCONT to change Vref to 1.25V.
VBB is used as baseband power supply for all digital parts, and it is on
whenever the phone is powered up. V2V is reserved for a later version of
the MAD4 ASIC which will have a lower core voltage. When the low volt-
age core version of MAD4 is available, V2V will be connected to those
pins on MAD4 which power the core. VSIM is used as programming volt-
age for the Flash memory after the phone is cut out of the panel. This is
necessary if re–flashing is needed after initial flash programming in pro-
duction. V5V is used for RF parts only. VR6 supplies the power for CAFE.
VR1 is used for the VCTCXO supply. VR1_SW is derived from VR1 inside
CCONT, and is actually the same voltage, but can be separately switched
on and off. This VR1_SW is used as an optional external microphone bias
voltage. CLK_EN signal to CCONT controls both the VR1 and VR6 regu-
lators; they can be switched off in sleep modes, during standby.
PAMS Technical Documentation
Charging
CCONT regulators are controlled through a seial data bus from MAD4.
Regulators VR3, 4, 5 and 7 are controllable through external pins; these
pins forming a logical ’OR’ function with the serial commands. If a regula-
tor’s control pin is at logic ’1’, that regulator will turn on. If the pins are not
used for external control they are grounded.
Most of the regulator outputs depend on pin control. In the table the ’State
in reset’ is based on assumption that pin controls are ’0’.
Charging can be performed in any operating mode. The charging algo-
rithm is dependent on the battery technology used. A resistor internal to
the battery pack indicates the battery type. The resistor value corre-
sponds to a specific battery capacity. This capacity value is related to the
battery technology as different capacity values are achieved by using dif-
ferent battery technologies.
The CCONTs A/D converter input measures the battery voltage, tempera-
ture, size and current.
NOTE: Power management circuitry controls the charging current deliv-
ered from the charger to the battery. Charging is controlled with a PWM
input signal from CCONT. The pulse width is controlled by MAD4 and is
sent to CCONT through a serial bus. The battery voltage rise is limited by
turning CHAPS switch off when the battery voltage has reached the de-
sired limits.
Watchdog
Page 14
MAD4 must reset the CCONT watchdog regularly. CCONT watchdog time
can be set through SIO between 0 and 63 seconds at 1 second steps. Af-
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PAMS Technical Documentation
ter power–up the default value is 32 seconds. If the watchdog expires,
CCONT will cut off all supply voltages. After total cut–off the phone can
be re–started through any normal power–up procedure. CCONTs watc-
dog functionality may be temporarily disabled by holding CCONTs
PWRONX/WDDISX pin at logic low.
Power Up
There are four ways to power on the phone.
1. Pressing the power button
2. Connecting a charger
3. An IBI interrupt on BTEMP
4. Internal RTC times out.
Each of four methods is described in general in the following sections.
When the battery is connected to phone, nothing will happen until the
power–up procedure is initiated, for instance by pressing the power–but-
ton or by connecting a charger. After that the 32kHz crystal oscillator of
CCONT is started (can take up to 1 sec), and the default regulators are
powered up.
NSD–3
System Module
If a power down is done and the battery remains connected, the 32 kHz
crystal oscillator keeps running in the CCONT.
VCTCXO
CAFE
FLASH
RF
VCHAR
CHAPS
VBAT
PWM
BATTERY
CCONT
VR1_SW
MAD
VR1
VR6
VBB
SIO
VSIM
V5V
Vref
Power distribution diagram
VR1–VR7
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