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CP525 cMux
User Manual
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Nevion CP525 cMux User Manual

CP525 cMux
User’s Manual
Revision: 6.0.2 (4255)
2013-11-20
Valid for SW version 6.0.2 and newer
Contents
1 History 11
2 Introduction 13
2.1 Scope 13
3 Short Product Description 15
4 Installing the Equipment 19
4.5.1 AC power supply 21
4.5.2 Dual AC power supplies 21
4.5.2.1 AC power cable 21
4.5.2.2 Protective Earth/technical Earth 22
4.5.2.3 Connecting to the AC power supply 22
4.5.3 DC power supply 23
4.5.3.1 DC power cable 23
4.5.4 Powering up/down 23
5 Functional Description 25
5.6.1 Input and output 26
5.6.2 Protocol mapping 27
5.7.1 Graphical user interface 28
5.7.2 Configuration database 28
5.7.3 Alarm manager 28
5.8 Time synchronisation 29
5.9 TSP Module 29
5.9.1 PID Router 30
5.9.2 PSI/SI/PSIP section filter 31
5.9.3 PSI/SI/PSIP playout module 31
5.9.4 Output Priority Queue 32
5.9.5 Output Priority Queue Advanced 34
5.9.6 Bitrate shaping algorithm 36
5.9.7 TS Builder - Service and PID routing 37
5.10 PSI/SI/PSIP playout 39
5.10.1 Main configuration 39
5.10.2 Carousel priorities 39
5.10.3 Carousel bitrate 40
5.10.4 Bitrate saturation handling 40
5.10.5 Configurable back-log time 41
5.11 Handling of expired EIT schedule events 42
5.11.1 Grouping of sections - configuration 43
5.11.2 “Sliding window” and expired events 43
5.11.3 Notes about the playout sequence 44
5.12 Programming Metadata Communication Protocol (PMCP) 44
5.13 Scrambling 45
5.13.1 General 45
5.13.2 Simulcrypt setup 45
5.13.2.1 ECMG <=> SCS 46
5.13.2.2 EMMG <=> MUX 46
5.13.3 BISS mode 1 47
5.13.4 Scramble service 47
5.14 Service fallback 47
5.14.1 General 47
5.14.2 Details on confirm timeout handling 49
5.14.3 Manual switching on GPI 51
5.15 Hitless switching 52
5.16 Output Mute Controller 53
5.17 The SFP module 53
6 Physical Description 55
6.1 Connecting the CP525 55
6.1.1 Physical description overview 55
6.1.2 ASI ports 56
6.1.3 ASI input ports 57
6.1.4 ASI output ports 58
6.1.5 1 PPS Input 58
6.1.6 Electrical Ethernet Data Ports 58
6.1.7 SFP port 58
6.1.8 Power Supply 59
6.1.9 Ethernet Management Port 59
6.1.10 Technical Earth 59
6.1.11 Alarm/Reset 59
6.1.12 Serial USB interface 60
7 Operating the Equipment 61
7.2.1 Resetting the password list 62
7.3.1 Changing IP address via the Web GUI 62
7.3.2 Changing the management port IP address via terminal interface 63
7.3.3 Configuring automatic IP address assignment 64
7.3.4 Detecting the management port IP address 65
7.3.4.1 USB Interface 65
7.3.4.2 Nevion Detect 65
8 WEB Interface 67
8.1 Login 67
8.3 Status 69
8.3.1 Current Status 69
8.3.2 Alarm log 72
8.4.1 Product info 73
8.4.2 Alarms 76
8.4.2.1 Device alarms 76
8.4.2.2 Global configuration 77
8.4.2.3 Relays and LED 78
8.4.2.4 Alarm log settings 80
8.4.3 Port Mappings 81
8.4.4 Time Settings 82
8.4.5 Network 85
8.4.5.1 Interfaces 86
8.4.5.1.1 Main 86
8.4.5.1.2 Interface Settings 87
8.4.5.1.3 DHCP Settings 87
8.4.5.1.4 DHCP Status 88
8.4.5.1.5 Manual IP Settings 89
8.4.5.1.6 Interface Status 89
8.4.5.1.7 Detect Settings 90
8.4.5.1.8 Alarms 90
8.4.5.1.9 Advanced 90
8.4.5.1.10 Status 91
8.4.5.1.11 VLAN 92
8.4.5.1.12 Main Settings 93
8.4.5.1.13 Manual IP Settings 93
8.4.5.1.14 Advanced Settings 94
8.4.5.1.15 DHCP settings and status 94
8.4.5.1.16 SFP 94
8.4.5.2 DNS Settings 103
8.4.5.3 IP Routing 103
8.4.5.4 TXP Settings 104
8.4.5.5 SNMP Settings 105
8.4.5.6 Tools 106
8.4.5.6.1 Ping 107
8.4.5.6.2 Traceroute 108
8.4.6 SI/PSIP Download 109
8.4.6.1 Triveni Digital GuideBuilder 110
8.4.6.2 Divitech SiGul SI Manager 110
8.4.7 Clock Regulator 111
8.4.7.1 Main 111
8.4.7.2 Alarms 112
8.4.8 Save/Load Config 113
8.4.8.1 Save/Load Configs 113
8.4.8.1.1 Save Configuration 113
8.4.8.1.2 Load Configuration From file 114
8.4.8.1.3 Load Configuration from Remote Device 114
8.4.8.1.4 Load options 115
8.4.8.2 Boot Log 115
8.4.8.3 Stored Configs 116
8.4.8.4 Emergency Switch 117
8.4.9 Maintenance 120
8.4.9.1 General 120
8.4.9.2 Software Upgrade 123
8.4.9.3 Feature Upgrade 124
8.4.10 Users 125
8.4.11 GUI Preferences 126
8.5 Scrambling 127
8.5.1 BISS1 127
8.5.2 Conditional Access 127
8.5.2.1 ECM 128
8.5.2.2 EMM 131
8.5.2.3 Alarms 133
8.6 Inputs 133
8.6.1 Inputs Overview 133
8.6.1.1 IP Inputs 135
8.6.1.2 Switch Inputs 136
8.6.1.3 Copy Inputs 137
8.6.2 Input 138
8.6.2.1 Main 139
8.6.2.2 Alarms 141
8.6.2.3 IP 146
8.6.2.3.1 RTP/IP Diversity Reception 148
8.6.2.4 Copy 155
8.6.2.5 Services 156
8.6.2.6 PIDs 159
8.6.2.7 Tables 162
8.6.3 Switch 166
8.6.3.1 Main 166
8.6.3.2 Alarms 168
8.7.1 Outputs Overview 168
8.7.2 Output 169
8.7.2.1 Main 170
8.7.2.1.1 Configuration Wizard 173
8.7.2.2 Alarms 176
8.7.2.3 IP 176
8.7.2.4 MIP 177
8.7.2.4.1 MIP Configuration 177
8.7.2.4.2 SFN Sync 179
8.7.2.4.3 Configuration 179
8.7.2.4.4 Sync status 179
8.7.2.4.5 Selected TimeSource status 180
8.7.2.4.6 Current transmitted MIP packet 180
8.7.2.5 Services 180
8.7.2.6 Service edit dialogue 183
8.7.2.6.1 Service Edit – General 183
8.7.2.6.2 Service Edit - Service Descriptors 188
8.7.2.6.3 Service Edit - Components 189
8.7.2.6.4 Service Edit – Scrambling 196
8.7.2.6.5 Service Edit – Fallback 199
8.7.2.7 PIDs 201
8.7.2.8 Tables 204
8.7.2.8.1 Main 205
8.7.2.8.2 EIT Sch 208
8.7.2.8.3 EIT/ETT Sch 209
8.7.2.8.4 EIT sources 210
8.7.2.8.5 Dynamic PSIP 210
8.7.2.8.6 Static SI 213
8.7.2.8.7 PSI/SI/PSIP editor 214
8.7.2.8.8 PSI/SI Editor 216
8.7.2.8.9 PSIP Editor 222
8.7.2.9 Mute 226
8.7.2.9.1 Edit Expression dialogue 228
8.7.2.10 Pri Queue 229
8.7.2.10.1 Priority Queues 229
8.7.2.10.2 Default Priority Queues 232
8.7.2.11 Advanced 232
8.7.2.11.1 Automatic PID Remapping 232
8.7.2.11.2 Automatic Service Remapping 235
8.7.2.11.3 Mute 237
8.7.2.11.4 Edit Expression dialogue 239
8.7.2.12 Outgoing 240
8.7.2.12.1 Services 240
8.7.2.12.2 Service Routing 241
8.7.2.12.3 PIDs 241
8.7.2.12.4 Tables 243
8.7.3 Output copies 243
8.7.4 TS-OUT -> IP Destination 243
8.7.4.1 Main 244
8.7.4.2 FEC 247
8.7.4.3 Ping 249
9 SNMP 251
9.1 SNMP agent characteristics 251
9.2 MIB naming conventions 251
9.3 MIB overview 251
9.3.1 Supported standard MIBs 251
9.3.2 Custom MIBs 251
9.4 SNMP related configuration settings 253
9.4.1 Community strings 254
9.4.2 Trap destination table 254
9.4.3 Trap configuration 254
9.5 Alarm/status related SNMP TRAPs 255
9.5.1 The main trap messages 255
9.5.2 Severity indications 255
9.5.3 Alarm event fields 256
9.5.4 Matching of on/off traps 257
9.5.5 Legacy trap messages 257
9.6 Using net-snmp to access MIB information 258
9.6.1 Reading a parameter with snmpget 258
9.6.2 Writing a parameter with snmpset 258
10 Examples of Use 261
10.1 Intro 261
10.2 Installation in a system 261
10.3 Raw PID multiplexing 261
10.4 Simple local insertion of a progam 262
10.5 Sharing of service component 262
10.6 SFN operation 263
10.7 Seamless SFN 263
10.8 Adding an unsignalled component (Ghost PID) 264
10.9 Scrambling a service using BISS1 key 265
10.9.1 Verify scrambling setup 266
10.10 Conditional Access 266
10.10.1 Scrambling 266
10.10.1.1 Setting up an ECM connection 267
10.10.1.2 Scramble service 267
10.10.2 EMM Insertion 268
11 Preventive Maintenance and Fault-finding 269
11.1.1 Routine inspection 269
11.1.2 Cleaning 269
11.1.3 Servicing 269
11.1.4 Warranty 270
11.2.1 Preliminary checks 270
11.2.2 PSU LED not lit / power supply problem 271
11.2.3 Fan(s) not working / unit overheating 272
A Technical Specification 273
A.1.1 Half-width version 273 A.1.2 Full-width (dual power) version 273
A.3 Power 274
A.3.1 AC Mains supply 274 A.3.2 DC supply 274
A.4.1 DVB ASI port 275 A.4.2 SMPTE 310M port 275 A.4.3 Ethernet management port 275 A.4.4 Ethernet data port 275 A.4.5 Serial USB interface 276
A.5.1 Alarm relay/reset port specification 276
A.6.1 10MHz/1 PPS input 277
A.7.1 Safety 277 A.7.2 Electromagnetic compatibility - EMC 277 A.7.3 CE marking 278 A.7.4 Interface to “public telecommunication system” 278
B Forward Error Correction in IP Networks 279
B.3 FEC matrix 280
B.4 Transmission aspects 283
B.5 Quality of service and packet loss in IP networks 284
B.6 Error improvement 285
B.7 Latency and overhead 286
C Alarms 289
D References 303
E Quality of Service, Setting Packet Priority 305
E.1 MPLS 305
E.2 Layer 3 routing 305
E.2.1 CP525 configuration 306
E.3 Layer 2 priority 306
E.3.1 CP525 configuration 306
History 11

1 History

Revision Date Comments
6.0 2013-11-08 – Converted to Nevion look and feel – Added description static version numbers in PSI/SI/PSIP tables
5.20.10 2012-12-17 – Added description of Copy Inputs. – Added SFN synchronization for Seamless SFN operation.
5.18.0 2012-08-30 – Updates to Auto Remap functionality. – Default priority queues description. – Other minor changes.
5.16.0 2012-08-30 – IP/RTP diversity feature added. – PSI/SI/PSIP editor feature added. – Auto remapping of PIDs feature added.
5.2.0 2011-07-08 – Scrambling pages moved – Added BISS description
5.0.0 2011-05-11 – Description of Forward Error Correction GUI pages included – Correction of Inputs section
4.8.0 2010-11-25 – Updated with descriptor adding/removing/replacing of components.
4.6.0 2010-08-13 – Port switching feature added. – Format selection for output ports in Section 8.4.3 in ATSC+DVB mode to select between ASI or SMPTE 310M per output copy. – New 10 port ASI card HW option. – Number of resyncs on IP input status page Section 8.6.2.3. – Override source IP option field on IP TX parameters. – Added service details and playout content view on output outgoing views in Section
8.7.2.12.
4.2.40 2010-06-21 – Updated with support for SFP slot. – Some syntactical updates and general maintenance.
4.2.18 2010-04-21 – Updated for Ethernet data functionallity and Scrambling
1.4 2010-01-04 – Minor changes related to PSIP handling
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12 History
Revision Date Comments
1.2 2009-07-13 – ATSC version – Added ATSC/SMPTE 310M information. – Updated GUI images and fixed some typos.
1.0 2009-01-21 – First version – This manual is based on manual for CP515
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Introduction 13

2 Introduction

2.1 Scope

This manual is written for operators and users of the CP525 cMux and provides necessary information for installation, operation and day-to-day maintenance of the unit. The manual covers the functionality of the software version 6.0.2 or later, and continues to be relevant to subsequent software versions where the functionality of the equipment has not been changed. When a new software version changes the functionality of the product, an updated version of this manual will be provided.
The manual covers the following topics:
• Getting started
• Equipment installation
• Operating instructions
• WEB interface description
• Preventive maintenance and fault finding
• Alarm listing
• Technical specifications

2.2 Warnings, cautions and notes

Throughout this manual warnings, cautions and notes are highlighted as shown below:
Warning: This is a warning. Warnings give information, which if strictly observed, will prevent personal injury and death, or damage to personal property or the environment.
Caution: This is a caution. Cautions give information, which if strictly followed, will prevent damage to equipment or other goods.
Note: Notes provide supplementary information. They are highlighted for emphasis, as in this example, and are placed immediately after the relevant text.
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14 Introduction

2.3 Heed warnings

• All warnings marked on the product and in this manual should be adhered to. The manufacturer cannot be held responsible for injury or damage resulting from negli­gence of warnings and cautions given.
• All the safety and operating instructions should be read before this product is in­stalled and operated.
• All operating and usage instructions should be followed.
• The safety and operating instructions should be retained for future reference.

2.4 Contact information

Our primary goal is to provide first class customer care tailored to your specific business and operational requirements.
Please contact us at:
Telephone +47 22 88 97 50
Fax +47 22 88 97 51
E-mail support@nevion.com
WEB http://www.nevion.com
Mail and visiting address Nevion
Nils Hansens vei 2 NO-0667 Oslo Norway
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Short Product Description 15

3 Short Product Description

The CP525 is part of the Nevion cProcessor product family for processing and handling of MPEG transport streams. The cProcessor family represents a line of compact and powerful, yet cost-effective, products designed for advanced modification of MPEG Transport Streams.
The CP525 is a Transport Stream Re-multiplexer for regional multiplexing of MPEG transport streams.
The CP525 supports SFN operation with MIP insertion (software licence key is required).
The CP525 supports DVB Simulcrypt scrambling with ECM and EMM insertion (software licence key is required).
The CP525 supports insertion of unsignaled PIDs on the input (Ghost PIDs) into outgoing services.

3.1 Summary of Features

Features of the CP525 include:
• Flexible transport stream processing
− PID and program filtering
− Service component filtering by PID value or by component tag
− Program re-multiplexing
− TS rate adaptation
− Minimum null-packet rate feature
• Powerful PSI/SI/PSIP handling
− PSI/SI regeneration
− PSI/SI/PSIP download and playout
− Flexible EIT handling
− Zero or configurable minimum null-packet rate by filling up with EIT
• PSI/SI/PSIP editor
− Generate and create custom static PSI/SI/PSIP signalling.
• Transport stream monitoring
− TR 101 290 Priority 1 monitoring: Sync loss, CC error
− Monitoring of min/max bitrate for individual PIDs
− Output PID monitoring (CC errors)
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16 Short Product Description
• Flexible alarm configuration options
− Alarm levels freely configurable individually for each channel
− Individual setting of alarm levels based on PID values
• Compact, cost-effective solution
• User-friendly configuration and control
− WEB/XML based remote control
− Easy access to unit from any WEB browser
− Easy integration to NMS systems with SNMP Trap support
− SNMPv2c agent
− Equipment monitoring from Nevion Connect
• SFN adaptation (Option)
− MIP insertion
− 1 PPS timing reference input
• Seamless SFN compatible
− Connected to a T-VIPS TNS541 TS Seamless Switch, two CP525’s may operate in a
Seamless SFN network.
− Support for deterministic DVB Megaframe alignment.
• Transmission of transport stream over Gigabit Ethernet (Option)
− Forward Error Correction
• Reception of transport stream over Gigabit Ethernet (Option)
− Forward Error Correction
• Scrambling of services and components (Option)
− BISS mode 1
− DVB Simulcrypt (ECM and EMM)
• RTP/IP diversity reception
− Seamless switching between two IP streams from the same source.
• Automatic PID and service re-mapping
− Rule based processing of muxing operation.
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Short Product Description 17

3.2 Software options

The CP525 functionality depends on the sofware licences installed. The following table describes the features available as software options. Please refer to Section 8.4.9.3 for more information how to obtain and enable feature upgrades.
Table 3.1.a Functionality enabled through software licences
Functionality Code Max
SFP module SFP - Enables operation of the Small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceiver slot.
SFP configuration SFPC - Enables configuration interface and parameter storage for some specifically
SFN adapter support SFN - Controls whether MIP insertion is made available on output.
Number of input ports activated
Input switching ISW - Enables creation of input switching groups.
Forward Error Correction FEC - Controls availability of the FEC feature for IP outputs and IP inputs.
RTP/IP diversity reception IDR - Enables configuration of IP diversity reception input pairs.
Ethernet data interface IP - Controls whether carriage of MPEG transport streams on Ethernet is made
Service fallback SFB - The feature makes it possible to configure pairs of services where one is
SI download DSI - This key is needed to use an external SI system towards the unit.
Enhanced SI playout ESI - This option controls the availability of a few advanced DVB-EIT schedule
PSI/SI/PSIP editor PSIE - Controls availability of built-in PSI/SI/PSIP Editor function in GUI, to edit
Allow ASI inputs ASIN - Enables use of ASI input ports. Without this key the device can be used
Conditional Access CA - Control whether device can be used as a DVB Scrambler.
BISS BISS - Control whether device can be used as a BISS mode 1 scrambler.
Advanced traffic shaping
Emergency switch support
TSIX 24 Controls the number of simultaneously activated transport stream inputs.
ATS - Expands the number of queue levels for routed MPEG data on the output
ESW - Enables support for external switch panel to switch between pre-loaded
Description
value
supported SFP modules.
available.
back-up for the other. Switching decision is made based on alarm levels on each service.
playout parameters: ’Use constant section interval’, ’Use sliding window’ and ’Use expired events’. These parameters are explained in Section 5.11.2 and Section 8.7.2.8.2. Also, this option affects the availability of ’EIT packing’. This option is explained in Section 8.7.2.8.1. All together, this option offers a more advanced control of playout out EIT for economisation on bandwith.
tables for static playout.
with IP input only.
prioritisation queue from 4 to 15. This makes it possible to configure more advanced prioritization on a PID level to control which data is discarded first in the event of over-booking the output.
configurations.
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18 Short Product Description
Table 3.1.b Functionality enabled through software licences
Connect control TCON - Enables supervision of the unit through the Connect Software.
PMCP PMCP 1 Enables support for Program Metadata Communication Protocol, used for
dynamic fetching of PSIP EPG data from an external server.
VCT channel rebranding APU - Enables support for dynamic updating of major and minor channel number.
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Installing the Equipment 19

4 Installing the Equipment

Caution: The CP525 must be handled carefully to prevent safety hazards
and equipment damage. Ensure that the personnel designated to install the unit have the required skill and knowledge. Follow the instructions for installation and use only installation accessories recommended by the
manufacturers.

4.1 Inspect the package content

• Verify that you received the following items:
− CP525 with correct power supply option
− Power cord(s)
− CD-ROM containing documentation and Flash Player installation files
− Any optional accessories you have ordered
Note: 48 VDC versions do not ship with a power cord; instead a Power D-SUB male connector for soldering to the supply leads is supplied.

4.2 Installation Environment

As with any electronic device, the CP525 should be placed where it will not be subjected to extreme temperatures, humidity, or electromagnetic interference. Specifically, the selected site should meet the following requirements:
• The ambient temperature should be between 0 and 50◦C (32 and 122◦F).
• The relative humidity should be less than 95 %, non-condensing. Do not install the
unit in areas of high humidity or where there is danger of water ingress.
• Surrounding electric devices should comply with the electromagnetic field (EMC) stan­dard IEC 801-3, Level 2 (less than 3 V/m field strength).
• The AC power outlet (when applicable) should be within 1.8 meters (6 feet) of the CP525.
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20 Installing the Equipment
• Where appropriate, ensure that this product has an adequate level of lightning protec­tion. Alternatively, during a lightning storm or if it is left unused and unattended for long periods of time, unplug it from the power supply and disconnect signal cables. This prevents damage to the product due to lightning and power-line surges.
Warning: If the CP525 has been subject to a lightning strike or a power surge which has stopped it working, disconnect the power immediately. Do not re-apply power until it has been checked for safety. If in doubt contact Nevion.

4.3 Equipment installation

The CP525 is designed for stationary use in a standard 19" rack. When installing please observe the following points:
• Route cables safely to avoid them being pinched, crushed or otherwise interfered with. Do not run AC power cables and signal cables in the same duct or conduit.
• The CP525 has all connectors at the rear. When mounting the unit, ensure that the installation allows easy access to the rear of the unit.
• The fans contained in this unit are not fitted with dust/insect filters. Pay particular attention to this when considering the environment in which it shall be used.
• Make sure that the equipment is adequately ventilated. Do not block the ventilation holes on each side of the CP525.

4.4 Ventilation

Openings in the cabinet are provided for ventilation to protect it from overheating and ensure reliable operation. The openings must not be blocked or covered. Allow at least 50 mm free air-space each side of the unit.
Warning: Never insert objects of any kind into this equipment through openings as they may touch dangerous voltage points or create shorts that could result in a fire or electric shock. Never spill liquid of any kind on or into the product.
• This product should never be placed near or over a radiator or heat register. Do not place in a built-in installation (e.g. a rack) unless proper ventilation is provided in accordance with the device airflow design as depicted in Figure 4.1.
• The CP525 may be vertically stacked in 19" racks without intermediate ventilation pan­els. In systems with stacked units forced-air cooling may be required to reduce the operating ambient temperature.
Figure 4.1 shows the air path through the unit, where cool air is taken from the left
hand side, seen from the front.
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Installing the Equipment 21
CP541
Cool
Air In
Warm
Air Out
Figure 4.1 Air path through the unit

4.5 Power supply

The CP525 may be delivered rated for AC or DC operation, respectively.
Warning: This product should be operated only from the type of power source indicated on the marking label. Please consult a qualified electrical engineer or your local power company if you are not sure of the power supplied at your premises.

4.5.1 AC power supply

The CP525 has a wide-range power supply accepting the voltage range 100-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz. Please refer to Appendix A for a detailed specification of the AC power supply.

4.5.2 Dual AC power supplies

Alternatively, the CP525 may be fitted with dual internal wide-range AC power supplies. If so, the size of the cabinet is full-width 19" rack, 1RU. The power supplies cover the voltage range 100-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz.
During normal operation, load-sharing is used between the internal supplies. In case of a single power supply failure alarms will be raised and the unit will continue operating off the second power supply. To guard against failure in the external power circuitry it is imperative to connect each power supply to separate AC mains circuits.
Please refer to
Appendix A for a detailed specification of the AC power supply.
4.5.2.1 AC power cable
Ensure that the AC power cable is suitable for the country in which the unit is to be operated.
Caution: Power supply cords should be routed so that they are not likely to be trod on or pinched by items placed upon or against them. Pay particular attention to cords at plugs and convenience receptacles.
The unit is supplied with a two meter detachable mains supply cable equipped with a moulded plug suitable for Europe, UK or USA, as appropriate. The wires in the mains cable are coloured in accordance with the wire colour code shown in Table 4.1.
ID: um_tsmux CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255)
22 Installing the Equipment
Table 4.1 Supply cable wiring colours
Wire UK (BS 1363) EUROPE (CEE 7/7) USA (NEMA 5-15P)
Earth Green-and yellow Green-and yellow Green
Neutral Blue Blue White
Live Brown Brown Black
4.5.2.2 Protective Earth/technical Earth
To achieve protection against earth faults in the installation introduced by connecting signal cables etc., the equipment should always be connected to protective earth. If the mains supply cable is disconnected while signal cables are connected to the equipment, an earth connection should be ensured using the Technical Earth connection terminal on the rear panel of the unit.
Warning: This unit must be correctly earthed through the moulded plug supplied. If the local mains supply does not provide an earth connection do not connect the unit.
Caution: Consult the supply requirements in Appendix A prior to con­necting the unit to the supply.
The unit has a Technical Earth terminal located in the rear panel. Its use is recommended. This is not a protective earth for electrical shock protection; the terminal is provided in order to:
1. Ensure that all equipment chassis fixed in the rack are at the same technical earth potential. To achieve this, connect a wire between the Technical Earth terminal and a suitable point in the rack. To be effective all interconnected units should be earthed this way.
2. Eliminate the migration of stray charges when interconnecting equipment.
Warning: If the terminal screw has to be replaced, use an M4x12mm long pozidrive pan head. Using a longer screw may imply a safety hazard.
4.5.2.3 Connecting to the AC power supply
Warning: Do not overload wall outlets and extension cords as this can
result in fire hazard or electrical shock. The unit is not equipped with an on/off switch. Ensure that the outlet socket is installed near the equipment so that it is easily accessible. Failure to isolate the equipment properly may
cause a safety hazard.
CP525 cMux User’s Manual Rev. 6.0.2 (4255) ID: um_tsmux
Installing the Equipment 23
To connect the unit to the local AC power supply, connect the AC power lead to the CP525 mains input connector(s) and then to the local mains supply.

4.5.3 DC power supply

The CP525 can be delivered with a 48 VDC power supply for use in environments where this is required. The DC power supply accepts an input voltage range of 36-72 VDC. Please refer to
Appendix A for detailed specification of the power supply.
4.5.3.1 DC power cable
Units delivered with DC power supply have a 3-pin male D-SUB power connector instead of the standard mains power connector. Also a female 3-pin D-SUB connector is supplied. The pin assignment is shown in Table 4.2. The power cable itself is not supplied.
Table 4.2 DC power connector pin assignment
Pin Placement Specification
1 top + (positive terminal)
2 middle - (negative terminal)
3 bottom Chassis Ground
To connect the unit to the local DC power supply:
1. Use an electronics soldering iron or a hot air workstation to attach the supplied female D-SUB power connector to suitable power leads.
2. Connect the power leads to your local power supply.
3. Connect the DC power connector, with attached power leads, to the CP525 power input connector.

4.5.4 Powering up/down

Before powering-up the unit, please ensure that:
• The unit is installed in a suitable location
• The unit has been connected to external equipment as required
Power up the unit by inserting the power cable connected to the power source. When the unit has finished the start-up procedure, the fans will run at normal speed. Please check that all cooling fans are rotating. If they are not, power down the unit immediately.
Power down the unit by removing the power supply connector at the rear of the unit.
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Functional Description 25
Inputs
Processing
Output
Remote
Control
Configuration
PSI/SI/PSIP download
Alarm Log
Alarm traps
SFN Adapter
(optional)
1PPS
ASI Input
Optional
IP
TSP Module
MUX Service Filter PID Filter PID Remap PSI/SI/PSIP regeneration PSI/SI/PSIP modification PSI/SI/PSIP carousel
Management
Remote control ETR290-1 Monitoring Alarm generation
HTTP/XML
SNMP
Alarm
Relay
Clock &
Time base
MIP Inserter
& Rate control
ASI output
Optional
IP
Power
230VAC/48DC

5 Functional Description

5.1 Introduction

The CP525 is an MPEG Transport Stream multiplexer designed for regional multiplexing. The product offers an easy-to use WEB based user interface, a flexible and powerful MPEG Transport Stream re-generation module and integration with network management systems via the SNMP interface.
This chapter gives a brief description of the inner guts of the CP525, to give a better under­standing of how the product works, how you use it and what you can use it for.
Figure blocks are described more in detail in the following sections.
5.1 shows a functional block diagram of the main components inside CP525. The different

5.2 TS inputs

The CP525 can be fitted with up to 8 ASI ports. Up to 7 ASI inputs is possible when using a single ASI output port. When using IP output, all 8 ASI ports can be used as inputs. In ATSC+DVB configuration mode, SMPTE 310M input format is also supported.
In addition to 8 Transports stream inputs on ASI, a number of Transport streams can be received on either of the Ethernet data interfaces.
The number of TS inputs that can be enabled simultaneously is limited with a SW licence key, making it possible to start with few inputs and then enable more ports when needed.
The licence key also covers the transport streams received on Ethernet/IP.
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Figure 5.1 Product block diagram
26 Functional Description

5.3 TS output

The CP525 can generate one MPEG output Transport Stream. When using ASI output, the transport stream is presented on at least one ASI output port. In addition a number of ports can be programmed to carry the same signal, as described in configuration mode, SMPTE 310M output is also supported.
The output is always re-clocked, configuring a wanted bitrate for the output multiplex.
The output transport stream can also be transmitted on either of the Ethernet data interfaces, or on the SFP connector. These functions are enabled with two different licence keys, one for Ethernet data transport, and another for the SFP module.
Section 6.1.2. In ATSC+DVB

5.4 Input switching

The CP525 supports combination of several inputs into a prioritized order switching group, where the highest priority source that has sync and no critical alarms, is automatically selected as the source of program data and PSI/SI/PSIP data.
The input switch is itself modelled as an input, so once defined, it can be referred to as the source of programs and PSI/SI/PSIP data when building up the output multiplex. A sync loss on the currently selected source will cause immediate switching to an alternative input in the switching group.
The signals on each of the inputs in a switching group, can be identical or different. Fastest switching times are achieved when the signals are identical with respect to PIDs and services.
The input switching function can be used on both ASI sources and IP sources, or any combina­tions of these. Signal loss detection on IP sources is slower than for ASI sources.
Sources that are members of a switching group cannot be referred to directly.
The input switching function is protected by a SW licence key. The input switching function is protected by a SW licence key.

5.5 Optional SFN adapter

The product may be fitted with an SFN adapter. This adapter enables synchronisation of the output clock to a 1 PPS signal for operation in SFN networks. The 1 PPS signal can either be taken from the internal GPS receiver, or from an external source.
When the SFN adapter is installed, the unit may be configured to insert MIP frames.

5.6 Video over IP

5.6.1 Input and output

The CP525 supports MPEG transport streams over IP, the functionality is protected with a separate SW licence.
IP inputs are defined dynamically on need, up to a maximum number that is 16 at the time of writing. Once the IP inputs are defined, they are modelled to have the same functionality
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Functional Description 27
Ethernet
14 bytes
[IEEE 802.3/802.3u]
IP
20 bytes
[RFC 769]
Optional
VLAN
4 bytes
[802.1q]
UDP
8 bytes
(RFC 768)
RTP
12 bytes
(RFC 1889)
1-7 MPEG TS packets
188 – 1316 bytes
[ISO/IEC 13818-1]
as the ASI input ports, and content received will be available to the multiplexer generating the output. The input streams can be either SPTS or MPTS and streams with or without RTP layer are accepted.
The muliplexer can generate one output multiplex and the operator chooses whether to transmit this stream over IP or not. The transport stream can be transmitted to up to 8 IP destinations.
Two Ethernet interfaces can be used simultaneously for video carriage, the interfaces are bi­directional. When using the SFP slot, one of the Electrical interfaces will be disabled.

5.6.2 Protocol mapping

Figure 5.2 Protocol mapping
When transmitting and receiving MPEG transport streams over IP, the protocol mapping is according to figure 5.2. The VLAN framing and RTP encapsulation are optional.
The RTP layer is important for diagnosing network related problems, since it contains a sequence number that can be used for packet loss detection.
The maximum transfer unit (MTU) for Ethernet is usually 1500 bytes. This limits the number of transport stream packets to embed into the outgoing Ethernet/IP frames to be between 1 and
7.

5.7 Management sub-system

The management subsystem is a set of modules that handles all the interfaces to monitor and control the operation of the CP525.
The management subsystem communicates with the users, both humans and machines, via the following interfaces:
• Front panel and back panel LEDs for status
• Graphical user interface via Flash application in WEB browser
• SNMP traps on alarms
• SNMPv2c Agent
• TXP (T-Vips XML Protocol) to retrieve and set configuration and status
• Alarm relays on alarms
• SNTP client for real time clock synchronisation
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28 Functional Description
• Terminal interface either over Telnet or USB interface for debugging
• FTP server for direct file system access
The management subsystem communicates with other internal modules to make the unit per­form the wanted operations.

5.7.1 Graphical user interface

Operators monitor and control the CP525 mainly via the Adobe Flash GUI application served from the device’s WEB server. The GUI application is accessed via a WEB browser that com­municates with the configuration framework through an HTTP/XML based protocol.
The device exposes extensive status information to the web GUI providing detailed reports and real-time monitoring displays to the device administrator.
All the device configuration parameters available on the CP525 can be controlled from the web GUI.
5.7.2 Configuration database
The management subsystem processes configuration changes as transactions. All configuration changes made to the device are validated against the current running configuration before committing them to the device. This limits the risks of the administrator implementing changes that may cause down-time on the unit due to incompatible configuration settings.
Configurations can be imported and exported via the GUI. It is possible to clone the entire con­figuration of one device to another by exporting the configuration of one device and importing it to another.
Configurations exported via the web GUI are formatted as human readable/modifiable XML files. These files can be viewed or altered using any standard text or XML editor such as Windows Notepad.
To simplify cloning of devices, certain exported parameters within the XML file are tagged as device specific and therefore will be ignored when imported to either the same device or another. These parameters are as follows:
• Device Name and Inventory ID
• IP network parameters
• ASI Port mappings
• On-device stored configurations

5.7.3 Alarm manager

The CP525 contains an integrated alarm manager responsible for consistently displaying the alarm status of each individual interface.
“Port Alarms” are alarms bound to a specific input or output port via a port indexing system. The alarm severity for port related alarms can be configured per port level. “Device Alarms”
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Functional Description 29
are global to the device and are not bound to any specific port. They do not follow the indexing scheme. These are classified as “System Alarms”.
Alarms are graphically represented in a tree structure optimized for simplified individual view­ing and configuration. The “Device Alarm” tree is available from the “Device Info” page. The alarm tree for each port is available on the “Alarms” page for each port.
The alarm manager presents the alarm of highest severity upon the external interfaces of the device. The severity level of each individual alarm can be defined by the administrator. Alarm configuration is covered in greater detail in the “Alarm configuration” section.
SNMP traps are dispatched to registered receivers whenever there is an alarm status change.
Alarm relay 1 and alarm LED are controlled to signal whenever there is a critical alarm present. Alarm relay 2 is configurable.
The alarm manager keeps a log in non-volatile memory of the latest 10000 alarms that have occurred.
As an additional option, the alarm manager in the CP525 supports so-called Virtual Alarm Relays. These are highly programmable items that can be customised to react to virtually any given alarm event or combination of alarm events. The status of each virtual alarm relay can be viewed in the GUI and can also be exported using SNMP. Details on configuring the virtual alarm relays can be found in the WEB interface section.

5.8 Time synchronisation

The CP525 contains an internal real-time clock that is used for all internal timestamps. The internal clock is battery backed up in order to continue operating while the unit has no power.
The internal time can be synchronised as follows:
• Manual setting.
• From one of the ASI/SMPTE 310M ports (using TDT/TOT or STT)
• From NTP servers using SNTP protocol. Up to four NTP servers can be configured for
NTP server redundancy.
More than one clock source may be specified in a prioritised order. If one source fails the next priority source will be used.
The internal clock can be used for generation of TDT/TOT on the output.

5.9 TSP Module

The TS Processor (TSP) module is the heart of the unit. Its job is to create a new MPEG Trans­port Stream based on configuration and current input signals. Figure components in the TSP subsystem.
The lower left hand corner represents the interface between the management subsystem and the TSP subsystem.
5.3 shows the different
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30 Functional Description
Priority Queue
Playout queues
ASI
ASI
PID Router
Detection
Filter & Remap
PID Router
Detection
Filter & Remap
Ethernet
Ethernet
New PID Routing
with queue
assignments
New PIDs
Table update
Table
update
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
= Process
= Database
= TS packet queue
= Functional block
Management
V/A/D 1
V/A/D 2
V/A/D 15
Stuffing
Playout
mode tables
Player
PSI/SI/PSIP
Input
PSI/SI/PSIP
Downloaded PSI/SI/PSIP
TS
configuration
PSI/SI/PSIP
section
filter
PSI/SI/PSIP
download
server
WEB
server
3
2
PSI/SI/PSIP
Player
Pri 1
MIP
inserter
MIP
Forced
stuffing
MPBN
1
2
21
20
19
18
Flow control
TS
builder
Config updated
17
4
3
PSI/S PIDs
Player 1
Player 2
Player 3
Figure 5.3 TSP module
The central process in the TSP module is the TS Builder, which handles the logic creating PID routing and regenerate PSI/SI/PSIP based on configuration and current PSI/SI/PSIP tables. See Section 5.9.7 for more details on service and PID routing.
The following chapters covers more on the different modules shown in the figure.
Note: The overall architecture of the TSP module, and the description in this chapter, is shared between several products in the cProcessor product family, but not all modules are available on every product.

5.9.1 PID Router

A PID router module tells the TS Builder which PIDs are present.
The router is used by the TS Builder to pass on the correct elementary streams from the input to the output. New PID values can be assigned to any elementary stream. One elementary stream can only be transmitted on an output once, so one input PID can only have one output PID value. This is reflected in the GUI and configuration structure.
TS packets that have a route to the output are travelling on the “main highway” through the unit. This is where video, audio and other service components are passed. Packets that are filtered do not have a route.
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