Network Equipment Technologies 500, 100 User Manual

PRIMESWITCH ™ 100/500

PAP

USER GUIDE

®

ii

Document Number 10003137.00 Rev.1

Issued March 1998

NETWORK EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC., (N.E.T.) PROVIDES THIS
DOCUMENT AS IS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

This document constitutes the sole Specifications referred to in N.E.T.’s Product
Warranty for the products or services described herein. N.E.T.’s Product Warranty is
subject to all the conditions, restrictions, and limita tions contained herein and in the
applicable contract. N.E.T. has made reasonable efforts to verify that the information in
this document is accurate, but N.E.T. reserves the right to correct typographical errors
or technical inaccuracies. N.E.T. assumes no responsibility for any use of the use of the
information contained in this document or for any infringement of patents or other
rights of third parties that may result. Networking products cannot be tested in all
possible uses, configurations or implementations, and interoperability with other
products cannot be guaranteed. The customer is solely responsible for verifying the
suitability of N.E.T.’s products for use in its network. Local market variations may
apply. This document is subject to change by N.E.T. without notice as additional
information is incorporated by N.E.T. or as changes are made by N.E.T. to hardware or
software.

Restricted Rights

Legend

Copyright © 1998 Network Equipment Technologies, Inc.
Copyright  1993 − 1998 Jtec Pty Limited.
All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or
reproduced in any way, including, but not limited to, photocopy, photograph,
magnetic, or other record, without the prior written permission of N.E.T..

(DFARS): Use, duplication , o r di sc losure by the Government of this document and any
related computer software is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii)
of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

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accompany the delivery of, this document and any related computer software, the
rights of the Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth
in subparagraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of the Commercial Computer Software—Restricted
Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Unpublished—rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.

Network Equipment Technologies, Inc./N.E.T. Federal, Inc.
6500 Paseo Padre Parkway
Fremont, CA. 94555

10003137.00 Rev.1

Trademarks The N.E.T. logo is a registered trademark, and PrimeSwitch, Network Equipment

Technologies and N.E.T. are trademarks of Network Equipment Technologies, Inc. All
other trademarks are the sole property of their respective companies.

Note: In this manual, any r eference to PrimeSwitch refers to the PrimeSwitch 100 Series
product line, unless specified differently.

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10003137.00 Rev.1

Contents

Contents v

Introduction

About this user guide, 1-2

Audience, 1-2
Using this guide, 1-3

Overview, 1-4

Filtering, 1-4
Buffering, 1-4
Display, 1-5
Basic Rate access, 1-5

Installation

Installing PAP, 2-2

Local, 2-2
Remote via ADLM, 2-2
Remote via modem, 2-3

Connecting PAP to an ISDN interface module, 2-4

BRMN, BRMT and early IPMN and IPMT, 2-4
Later IPMN and IPMT, 2-4
QBRM and DTM, 2-4

Connecting PAP to a PC, 2-5
Software installation, 2-7
Starting PAP, 2-8

The PAP screen

Screen display, 3-2
Display colors, 3-4
Status line, 3-5
Layer 1 status line, 3-7

Primary Rate, 3-7
Basic Rate, 3-7

Examples, 3-9

Layer 1 status change, 3-9
Layer 2 frame, 3-9
Layer 3 message, 3-10
Item sources, 3-10

vi Contents

Commands

Entering commands, 4-2
Keys, 4-3
Commands, 4-4

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Introduction 1-1

1Introduction

1-2 About this user guide

About this user guide

This user guide describes the Protocol Analyzer Package (PAP). It covers the installation
and operation of the PrimeSwitch 100 Series Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
PAP.

P AP is availa ble for both Primary Rate and Basi c Rate in a number of pr otocol variations.

The PrimeSwitch PAPTS14 is an ISDN Primary Rate monitor conforming to Austel
Specification TS14.

The PrimeSwitch PAPTS13 is an ISDN Basic Rate monitor conforming to Austel
Specification TS13.

The PrimeSwitch PAPETSI is an ISDN Primary Rate monitor conforming to the ETSI
ISDN Specification.

The PrimeSwitch P APETSIB is an ISDN Basic Rate monitor conforming to the ETSI ISDN
Specification.

Audience

The PrimeSwitch PAPDASS2 is an ISDN Primary Rate monito r conforming to British
Telecom Specification BTNR190.

The PrimeSwitch P APDPNSS is a PABX signaling monitor conforming to British Telecom
Specification BTNR188.

This user guide is intended for people with a general knowledge of personal computers
and a good understanding of ISDN, pa rticular ly layer 2 an d layer 3 signal ing protocols.

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Using this guide

The guide contains the following sections:

Overview describes how PAP processes network traffic.

The PAP screen describes the main screen and illustrates how PAP displays messages.

Commands describes how to control PAP with function keys and typed commands.

Installation describes how to install PAP and connect PAP to a PC.

Technical assistance information

If there is a problem using the N.E.T . products, call the N.E.T . T echnical Assistance Center
(TAC) for assistance. The toll-free number for the United States is:

1-800-800-4638

Introduction 1-3

The contact number for the UK and other European countries is:

(44)1293 600703

Customers outside the United States, and Europe may use the following toll number:

[phone]

T AC pe rsonne l ar e a vail able by t eleph one 2 4 hours a day, 7 days a week. Warranty and
contract customers receive first consideration in the scheduling of technical resources.

Before contacting TAC for help, review and verify the provisions contained in your
warranty or contract. Depending on those pr ovisions, ther e may be a char ge for service.

When authorized, T AC Engineers can diagnose most network problems remotely, using
dial-up connections. When a service technician is requir ed, TAC will dispatch the nearest
N.E.T. or third-party service engineer.

1-4 Overview

Overview

Filtering

The PrimeSwitch ISDN Protocol Analyzer Package (P AP) monitors and displays layer 1,
layer 2 and layer 3 protocol activity on a PrimeSwitch ISDN interface.

P AP uses COM ports on the PC to transfer information to and from a PrimeSwitch ISDN
module. P AP can monitor multiple ISDN interfaces on PrimeSwitch 100 Series modules
which have more than one (for example, the DTM or QBRM), and can use either COM1,
COM2 or BOTH at the same time on the PC.

When P AP is operating, all traffic entering the analyzer system, either from the ISDN or
from a captured file, is filtered, buffered and displayed.

When you enable a filter, every message passing through the analyzer passes through
the filter. Traffic that is selected by the filter enters the buffer. Traffic that is not selected
is lost. Filters select or reject system, layer 1, lay er 2 and layer 3 as follows:

Buffering

• System messages are info rmation fr om other syst em modules. They can be on or off,
but are generally not of concern to users.

• Layer 1 status change messages can be on or off.

• Layer 2 is filtered on frame type, for example, SABME and RR. They can be on, off,
enabled for all except a defined list or enabled for a defined list only.

• Layer 3 is filtered on message type, for example, SETUP and RELease. They can be
on, off, enabled for all except a defined list or enabled for a defined list only.

You create a filter with the MakeF command and display the cu rrent filter with the

ShowF command (see Chapter 4 — Commands for more information). You can store
several filters on disk but only one filter can be enabled at a time.

After passing through the filter, messages are stored in the internal ‘first in first out’ (FIFO)
buffer . Messages are also written to disk if you have enabled capturing. The full contents
of each traffic item ar e stored irrespective of the current decoding and display settings.
When the display is paused, traffic continues to be written to the buffer.

Items in the buffer are numbered sequentially from zero until the buffer is full, then from
zero again. This number appears alo ngside the message when it is displayed.

Use the Save command to write the contents of the buffer to disk (see

Chapter 4 — Commands for more information).

The buffer is dynamically allocated from the PC’s memory . The default is to use Extended
or Expanded memory, if it is available, and to use up all but 80 K bytes of conventional
memory if the Extended or Expanded memory is not available.

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Display

Introduction 1-5

This default can be overridden from the command line as follows:

PAPXXXX REAL forces the P AP softwar e to use conventional memory and will

not operate if insufficient conventional memory is available.

PAPXXXX VIRTUAL forces the P AP software to use Extended or Expanded memory

and will not operate if memory i s not available.

These overrides should not be used unless problems are experienced with the default.

The size of the buffer therefore depends on the amount of memory (RAM) available in
the computer , and the amount used by other programs. The buffer size is displayed on
the startup screen. Multiply this by four to determine the number of traffic items that
can be stored.

T r affic is displayed on the screen according to the current settings of layer 2 and layer 3
decoding and di splay (L2, L3, Long, Med, and Short commands). You can pause the
display to examine messages and scroll the display backwards and forwards. See Chapter
4 — Commands for more information.

Basic Rate interface

To understand the information displayed by the Basic Rate PAP you must understand
Service Access Point Identifiers (SAPIs), Terminal Endpoint Identifiers (TEIs) and
Connection Endpoint Suffices (CESs). A data link connection is identified by a SAPI and
a TEI. The SAPI defines which part of the bit within a terminal is talking and can have
three different values:

0 LAPD link for ISDN calls

16 LAPB link for X.25 calls

63 management bit which manages TEIs

The TEI is a unique address (for a particular ISDN connection) assigned to a terminal.
The analyzer displays two types of TEI:

Fixed set physically on a terminal, usually by DIP switches or non-volatile

Automatic worked out dynamically by negotiation between network and

storage. You must ensure that each fixed TEI terminal has a unique
address; if two terminals have the same address, neither will work.

terminal.

The TEI and SAPI combine to make a physical address that is encoded into layer 2 frames.

Layer 3 refers to this combination by a CES. This is a number between 0 and 255 which
at any time uniquely identifies a particular SAPI/TEI combination.

1-6 Overview

Figure 1 shows the relationship between CES, SAPI and TEI.

Figure 1: CES, SAPI and TEI

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