IEEE 802.11n Wireless Series
Wireless 1T1R USB Adapter
User Manual
Version: 2.1
Date: Sep. 8, 2009
Wireless 11n USB Adapter
FCC Certifications
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
-Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
-Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
-Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
-Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
IMPORTANT NOTE:
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
exposure compliance. To maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure compliance
environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm
requirements, please follow operation instruction as documented in this manual.
between the radiator & your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or
transmitter.
IEEE 802.11b/g or 802.11n operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to channels 1
through 11.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
CE Mark Warning
This equipment complies with the requirements relating to electromagnetic compatibility, EN 55022
Class B for ITE, the essential protection requirement of Council Directive 2004/108/EC on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility.
Company has an on-going policy of upgrading its products and it may be possible that information in
this document is not up-to-date. Please check with your local distributors for the latest information.
No part of this document can be copied or reproduced in any form without written consent from the
company.
Trademarks:
All trade names and trademarks are the properties of their respective companies. Copyright ©2009,
All Rights Reserved.
經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用者均不得擅自變更頻率、
加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。
低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現有干擾現象時，應立即停
用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。前項合法通信，指依電信法規定作業之無線電通信。
低功率射頻電機須忍受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Package Contents
The following contents should be found in your box:
One IEEE 802.11n 1T1R USB Adapter
One resource CD, including:
REALTEK 11n USB Wireless LAN Driver and Utility
User’s Manual
QIG
Note:
Make sure that the package contains the above items. If any of the listed items are damaged or
missing, please contact with your distributor.
Conventions:
The “Adapter” mentioned in this user guide stands for Wireless 11n 1T1R USB Adapter without any
explanations.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 .................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction
1.1 Overview of the product.................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Application Diagram ......................................................................................................... 7
1.3 Features ........................................................................................................................... 8
1.4 LED Status........................................................................................................................ 8
Chapter 2 ...................................................................................... 9 Installation Guide for Windows
2.1 Hardware Installation........................................................................................................ 9
2.2 Software Installation ......................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 9
2.2.2 Software Installation ............................................................................................ 10
Chapter 3 ..................................................................................................... 14 Management Guide
3.1 Making a Basic Network Connection.............................................................................. 14
3.1.1 Select a configuration tool ................................................................................... 14
3.1.2 To connect with Microsoft Zero Configuration tool............................................... 14
3.1.3 To connect with 802.11n Wireless LAN Utility...................................................... 15
3.2 Introduction to the 802.11n Wireless LAN Utility ............................................................ 16
3.2.1 Interfaces............................................................................................................. 16
3.2.2 Available Network ................................................................................................ 16
3.2.3 Profile................................................................................................................... 18
3.2.4 General................................................................................................................ 22
3.2.5 Advanced............................................................................................................. 23
3.2.6 Status................................................................................................................... 24
3.2.7 Statistics............................................................................................................... 26
3.2.8 Wi-Fi Protect Setup.............................................................................................. 27
3.3 AP mode management guide for Windows 2000/XP ..................................................... 31
3.3.1 Software Access Point (Soft AP) Application ....................................................... 31
3.3.2 General................................................................................................................ 31
3.3.3 Advanced............................................................................................................. 34
3.3.4 Statistics............................................................................................................... 35
3.3.5 ICS....................................................................................................................... 36
Chapter 4 ........................................................................................... 37 Introduction for Vista user
4.1 Installation ...................................................................................................................... 37
4.1.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 37
4.1.2 Software Installation for vista............................................................................... 37
4.2 Management Guide........................................................................................................ 40
4.2.1 Interfaces............................................................................................................. 41
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4.2.2 Available Network ................................................................................................ 41
4.2.3 Profile................................................................................................................... 42
4.2.4 General................................................................................................................ 47
4.2.5 Advanced............................................................................................................. 48
4.2.6 Status................................................................................................................... 49
4.2.7 Statistics............................................................................................................... 50
4.2.8 Wi-Fi Protect Setup.............................................................................................. 51
4.3 AP mode management guide for Vista ........................................................................... 55
4.3.1 General................................................................................................................ 55
4.3.2 Advanced............................................................................................................. 57
4.3.3 Statistics............................................................................................................... 58
4.3.4 ICS....................................................................................................................... 59
Appendix A: Specifications ............................................................................................................. 60
Appendix B: Glossary ..................................................................................................................... 61
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Chapter 1 Introduction
Thank you for purchasing this product. Read this chapter to know about your IEEE 802.11n wireless
1T1R USB Adapter.
1.1 Overview of the product
Comply with 802.11n Standards
The IEEE 802.11n Wireless USB adapter provides users to launch IEEE 802.11n wireless network
in the 2.4 GHz band, which is also compatible with IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices.
Reliable Coverage
The adapter has internal intelligent antennas providing even better wireless performance,
transmission rates, stability and coverage. It includes a convenient utility for scanning available
networks and saving preferred networks that users usually connected with. Your wireless
communications are protected by up to 128-bit encryption, so your data stays secure.
Easy Installation and Connection
In addition, installation and use are further simplified by living up to USB's Plug and Play installation
approach to connecting computer peripherals. You will not need to open the case of your computer,
nor will you be required to set IRQ (Interrupt Request). So it is the simplest way to connect your
computer to an Ethernet based network.
1.2 Application Diagram
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
1.3 Features
Support QoS Enhancement ( WMM, WMM-PS Client mode)
Supports wireless data encryption with 64/128-bit WPA,WPA2
Support frame aggregation, Power saving mechanism
Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) Short Inter-Frame Space (SIFS) bursting for higher multimedia
bandwidth
Supports auto-installation and diagnostic utilities
Supports driver for Windows 2000, XP 86, XP 64, Vista 86, Vista 64, Linux, MAC
1.4 LED Status
LED Indications Status Working Status
Radio/ACT LED
Blink green The adapter is Radio on
Blink green and flashing
intermittently
Blink green and fast flashing
Off The adapter is Radio off
The adapter is already connected but
is not transmitting or receiving data
The adapter is activity and transmitting
of receiving data.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Chapter 2 Installation Guide for Windows
2.1 Hardware Installation
The installation of the adapter is very simple. You could plug the adapter directly to the USB port on
your computer. The LED will light up when the adapter is installed successfully and the PC is on.
2.2 Software Installation
2.2.1 Overview
The Adapter’s Setup Wizard will guide you through the Installation procedure for Windows XP. The
Setup Wizard will install the REALTEK 11n USB Wireless LAN Driver and Utility. When you install
the hardware prior to before installing the software, the system will prompt “Found New Hardware
Wizard”, click Cancel, and run the Setup Wizard program on the CD-ROM.
The Setup steps for Windows 2000 and XP are similar with each other. This user guide takes
Windows XP for example.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
2.2.2 Software Installation
1. Insert the CD into your CD-Rom, and then appear an interface. Please click on USB> Driver>
Win to start the installation.
2. The language-selecting window pops up. Please select the language you use and click “Next”.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3. The welcome window pops up. Click the “Next” button to proceed.
4. Click the “Install” button to start installing.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
5. Please wait while installation.
Note:
For Windows XP, the Setup Wizard will notify you of whether to proceed with the installation during
these steps. Our drivers have been tested thoroughly, and are able to work with the operating
system. Click Continue Anyway twice to continue the Installation.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
6. Please wait again while installation
7. After all the steps above, you will see the screen below, click Finish to reboot the system.
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Chapter 3 Management Guide
This chapter describes how to configure your Adapter for wireless connectivity on your Wireless
Local Area Network (WLAN) and use the data security encryption features.
The configuration of the adapter in Windows XP is similar with that of Windows 2000. This User
Guide takes Windows XP for example.
After Installing the Adapter, the Adapter’s tray icon will appear in your system tray. It appears at the
bottom of the screen, and shows the signal strength using color and the received signal strength
indication (RSSI).
If the icon is purple, there is no connection.
If the icon is white, the network is dropping off.
If the icon is green, there is good signal strength.
If the icon is green, there is excellent signal strength.
3.1 Making a Basic Network Connection
3.1.1 Select a configuration tool
In the following instruction for making a network connection, we use the provided Utility to configure
your wireless network settings.
Note:
You could use either the software we provide or Microsoft Zero Configuration tool to configure this
adapter.
3.1.2 To connect with Microsoft Zero Configuration tool
After specifying the Microsoft Zero Configuration tool to configure your wireless network, right click
on the
network.
icon on system tray. Select “View Available Wireless Networks” to specify your wireless
The tool shows the available wireless networks. Select your demanding network to connect with. To
connect to a wireless network, please click Change advanced settings to be compatible with your
wireless network settings.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.1.3 To connect with 802.11n Wireless LAN Utility
We provide this Utility for users to connect to a wireless network easily. It provides more information
and configuration for this adapter. As default, the Utility is started automatically upon starting your
computer and connects to a connectable wireless network with best signal strength and with no
security setting. Right click on the icon
Utility does not start. Please refer to the following chapters to get information regarding to the
functions of this Utility.
in the system tray and select Open Config utility if the
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.2 Introduction to the 802.11n Wireless LAN Utility
Note: The Utility in Linux and Mac are different from the following.
3.2.1 Interfaces
1. Functional Buttons: on top of the window. You can click each button to access each
configuration window.
2. Configuration Column: Center of the Utility window. Make your changes for each function in this
part.
3. Optional Table: “Show Tray Icon”, “Disable Adapter”, “Radio off”, “Windows Zero Config”
3.2.2 Available Network
This network lists the available wireless networks. The Utility connects to a wireless network with
best signal strength automatically. You can refresh the connecting network by clicking on the
network name and click the Refresh button. In the center of the Utility windows, you will see detail
information of each network.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Available Network Information:
Items Information
SSID
Encryption
Network
Authentication
Signal
Type
The name of the IEEE 802.11 wireless network. This field has a
maximum limit of 32 characters.
Shows the encryption mode in use. There are total 4 modes: None,
WEP, TKIP and AES.
Shows the authentication mode in use.
This percentage shows the strength of the signal.
The type of network and the station currently connected are shown
here.
The options include :
• Infrastructure - All wireless clients will connect to an access point
or wireless router.
• Ad-Hoc - Directly connecting to another computer, for peer-to-peer
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
communication, using wireless network adapters on each computer,
such as two or more wireless adapters.
BSSID
Support Rates
Note:
1) An Infrastructure network contains an Access Point or wireless router. All the wireless devices or
clients will connect to the wireless router or access point.
2) An Ad-Hoc network contains only clients, such as laptops with wireless desktop adapters. All the
adapters must be in Ad-Hoc mode to communicate.
The IEEE MAC address of locally-managed, generating from a 46
random code.
Show current rate
3.2.3 Profile
1. Add a new profile:
(1) Selecting an available network in the “Available Network” function then click the Add to Profile
button., or double click the network name. You could also add a new profile quickly by clicking the
Add button in the “Profile” function.
Note: If the network you add to profile is not encrypted, “Unsecured network” window will pop up,
then Click “OK”.
(2) It displays “Wireless Network Properties” dialog box. This profile page allows users to save
different wireless settings, which helps users to get access to wireless networks at home, office or
other wireless network environments quickly.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
In this dialog box, there are some items:
Items Information
Profile Name
Network
Name(SSID)
(3) Wireless Network Security
A. Network Authentication
There are 7 types supported: Open System, Shared Key, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, and WPA 802.1X,
WPA2 802.1X, WEP 802.1X. Please select a type from the drop down list. Select the Security tab in
Identifies the configuration profile .This name must be unique. Note that the
profile names are not case-sensitive.
(You can enter the Profile name by “Add”, but you could only use the default
name by “Add to profile”.
The IEEE 802.11n wireless network name, using default name defined by
system. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters.
the screen above. To define the security mode, select the desired security mode as follows.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Open System: enable an adapter to attempt authentication regardless of its WEP settings. It
will only associate with the access point if the WEP keys on both the adapter and the access
point match.
Shared-key: only allows the adapter to associate with access points that have the same WEP
key.
802.1x: This item appears while the environment is set to an open authentication with WEP
encryption. The section is also available in WPA and WPA2 authentication types.
Preshared Key (PSK): This is the shared secret between AP and STA. For WPA-PSK,
WPA2-PSK and WPA-NONE authentication mode, this field must be filled with characters
longer than 8 and less than 32 lengths. The following dialog appears if you have input invalid
values.
WEP Key: Only available when using WEP encryption algorithm. The key must match AP's
key. Only using the same cryptographic key to access the computer, the internet can storage,
and decryption the information from other computer.
B. Data Encryption:
There are 4 types supported: Disabled, WEP, TKIP and AES. The
Data encryption
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available encryption selection will differ from the authentication type you
have chosen, the result is shown below:
Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Authentication Available Encryption Selection
Open System Disabled, WEP
Shared Key , WEP 802.1X WEP
WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, and WPA
802.1X, WPA2 802.1X
Note: Select different Security Options, the configurations are different; you can select the
appropriate security option and configure the exact key as your need.
TKIP: "Temporary Key Integration communication Protocol", it provide each packet's key
mixture, message integration and key reconstruction mechanism. TKIP can use with personal
or the enterprise network validation.
AES: “Advanced Encryption Standard”, it is a new method that the wireless transmission of
privacy protection. AES encryption methods provides more careful than TKIP.
TKIP, AES
(4) Finish the configuration, then click “OK”, that network has been added to the profile.
Profile List: The list shows all the profiles you have added before.
Buttons: You can click on these buttons to Add a new profile, Remove, Edit, Duplicate or Set
Default an old profile.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.2.4 General
In this window, there are some items as following:
Items Information
Status
Speed
Type
Encryption
SSID
Signal Strength
Link Quality
Network
Address
Currently connection status
Show current transmit rate and receive rate
Network type in use
Encryption type in use
The name of the IEEE 802.11 wireless network. This field has a
maximum limit of 32 characters
Receive signal strength
Display connection quality based on signal strength
A. MAC Address : The MAC address of the wireless network
adapter.
B. IP Address : IP address of current connection.
C. Subnet Mask : Subnet mask of current connection.
D. Gateway : Gateway of current connection.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.2.5 Advanced
This screen below allows you to make advanced configuration for the profile. Please refer to the
following chart for definitions of each item.
Threshold
(1) Fragment Threshold
This value should remain at its default setting of 2347. If you experience a high packet error rate,
you may slightly increase your fragmentation threshold within the value range of 256 to 2432.
Setting the fragmentation threshold too low may result in poor performance.
(2) RTS Threshold
Request To Send threshold. This value should remain at its default setting of 2346. If you encounter
inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications to the value range between 0 and 2432 are
recommended.
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3.2.6 Status
The Status tab contains general information about the program and its operations. The current
Status tab needn’t any configurations.
The following table describes the items found on the Status screen.
Items Information
Manufacturer
NDIS Driver Version
Encryption
Authenticate
MAC Address
Data Rate(Auto)
Status
SSID
The name of manufacturing this product
The version of
Here displays the encryption type the device is using
This shows whether the server based authentication is used.
The MAC address of the wireless network adapter.
Show current transmit rate and receive rate
Current connection status
The SSID of the wireless system.
Network Driver Interface Specification
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Network Type
Power Save Mode
The type of network and the station currently connected are shown
here. The options include : Infrastructure, Ad Hoc
The power save mode have three mode, as follows :
• Max - Selects maximum mode to let the access point buffer
incoming messages for the Adapter. The Adapter will detect the
access point if any messages are waiting periodically.
• Min – Min mode uses minimum when retrieving a large number of
packets, then switches back to power save mode after retrieving
the packets.
• None - Turns power saving off, thus powering up the Wireless
USB Adapter continuously for a short message response time.
Associated AP MAC
Up Time
The MAC Address of associated AP
Record life time
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.2.7 Statistics
Statistics page displays the detail counter information based on 802.11 MIB counters. This page
translates the MIB counters into a format easier for user to understand. It show receiving and
transmitting statistical information about the following receiving and transmitting diagnostics for
frames received by or transmitted to the wireless network adapter.
Items
TX OK
TX Error
RX OK
Rx Packet Count
RX Retry
RX ICV Error
Reset Counter
Information
Successfully transmitted frames numbers.
Frames numbers transmitting with error.
Successfully received frames numbers.
The packets of receiving frames
Frames numbers re-receiving
Integrity Check Value receiving with error.
Reset counters to zero.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3.2.8 Wi-Fi Protect Setup
The primary goal of Wi-Fi Protected Setup (Wi-Fi Simple Configuration) is to simplify the security
setup and management of Wi-Fi networks. This adapter supports the configuration setup using PIN
configuration method or PBC configuration method. If the wireless card supports Wi-Fi Protected
Setup (WPS), you can establish a wireless connection between wireless card and router using
either Push Button Configuration (PBC) method or PIN method.
Here we will introduce two ways to configure the QSS
(QSS is known as rapid security settings, by pressing the wireless router and wireless card on the
QSS button to automatically set up WPA2 secure connection level without the router or network
adapter management software to conduct the cumbersome interface settings, greatly simplifying
the operation of the wireless security settings.)
Pin Code: 8-digit numbers. It is randomly generated from system
1. PIN method
Click the button “Pin Input Config (PIN)”, and then come to the following figure.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Click the button “Yes”, you can select one of the AP.
In this figure, you can operate these buttons “Refresh / Select / Cancel”. Select the name of one AP,
then click “Select” button, you could use PIN method to configure the QSS.
Double click the Internet WEB browser icon on your desktop screen. Type the IP address of you
selected router/AP into the URL and press Enter, and then you can enter the configuration.
Please enter the WPS ( Wi-Fi ) configuration page, type the PIN code of adapter and click confirm
button to build WPS connection.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
When the “General” window appears, WPS is configured successfully.
2. PBC (Push Button Configuration) method
After pushing the PBC button, please push the physical button on your AP or visual button on the
WPS config page, then come to the following figure.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Please enter the WPS ( Wi-Fi ) configuration page of your desired router/AP, and then start PCB
connection. When WPS is configured successfully, the available profile(s) is changed.
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3.3 AP mode management guide for Windows 2000/XP
If you wish to share the Internet access with the wireless stations in your environment, you can
configure this wireless adapter as a software access point (Soft AP). In this mode, this wireless
adapter becomes the wireless access point that provides local area network and Internet access for
your wireless stations.
3.3.1 Software Access Point (Soft AP) Application
3.3.2 General
To use this adapter as an access point, please click the “Mode” on Functional menu and select
“Access Point”.
Then switch from station mode to AP:
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
At the same time, you will find that the icon on the system tray is changed.
Please refer to the following information about this AP-mode utility.
Items Information
SSID
BSSID
AID
MAC Address
Life Time (mm:ss)
AP name of user type.
The IEEE MAC address of locally-managed, generating from a 46
random code.
Raise value by current connection.
The station MAC address of current connection.
Record life time.
Click the “Config” button, then you can configure the wireless network properties. This page
provides overall configuration to this adapter.
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SSID: AP name of user type.
Security Setting: Authentication mode and encryption algorithm used within the AP. System
default is no authentication and encryption.
Cancel: Cancel the above changes.
OK: Apply the above changes.
A. Network Authentication
Select the Security tab in the screen above. To define the security mode, select the desired security
mode as follows. There are 4 types supported: Open System, Shared Key, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK.
Please select a type from the drop down list.
B. Data Encryption:
There are 4 types supported: Disabled, WEP, TKIP and AES. The
available encryption selection will differ from the authentication type you
have chosen, the result is shown below:
Data encryption
Note: Select different Security Options, the configurations are different; you can select the
Authentication Available Encryption Selection
Open System Disabled, WEP
Shared Key WEP
WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK TKIP, AES
appropriate security option and configure the exact key as your need.
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3.3.3 Advanced
Items Information
Beacon Interval
DTIM Period
Set Defaults
Apply
Beacon frequency spacing
Delay transmission indicator map (DTIM) is enabled for power management
of the client. If any client power management is enabled, the DTIM should
be retained for 1 (the default). Support this parameter range from 1 to 255.
Setting the default value of General
Apply the above changes
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3.3.4 Statistics
Statistics page displays the detail counter information based on 802.11 MIB counters.
Items Information
TX OK
TX Error
RX OK
Rx Packet Count
RX Retry
RX ICV Error
Reset Counter
Successfully transmitted frames numbers.
Frames numbers transmitting with error.
Successfully received frames numbers.
The packets of receiving frames
Frames numbers re-receiving
Integrity Check Value receiving with error.
Reset counters to zero.
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3.3.5 ICS
In this function, you can set the device sharing with Internet. Click the button “Apply”, then Prompt
box pops up.
Select “OK”. When the connection is successful, you will find that the tray “Local Area Connection”
has been changed.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Chapter 4 Introduction for Vista user
4.1 Installation
4.1.1 Overview
The Adapter’s Setup Wizard will guide you through the Installation procedure for Vista. The Setup
Wizard will install the REALTEK 11n USB Wireless LAN Driver and Utility. When you install the
hardware prior to before installing the software, the system will prompt “Found New Hardware
Wizard”, click Cancel, and run the Setup Wizard program on the CD-ROM.
4.1.2 Software Installation for vista
1. Insert the CD into your CD-Rom, and then appear an interface. Please click on USB> Driver>
Win to start the installation.
2. The language-selecting window pops up. Please select the language you use and click “Next”.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
3. The welcome window pops up. Click the “Next” button to proceed.
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4. Click the “Install” button to start installing.
Note:
For vista, the Setup Wizard will notify you of whether to proceed with the installation during these steps.
Our drivers have been tested thoroughly, and are able to work with the operating system. Click Install
this driver software anyway to continue the Installation.
5. Please wait again while installation
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
6. After all the steps above, you will see the screen below, Select “Yes” or “No” to reboot the
system, then click Finish.
4.2 Management Guide
This chapter describes how to configure your Adapter for wireless connectivity on your Wireless
Local Area Network (WLAN) and use the data security encryption features.
After Installing the Adapter, the Adapter’s tray icon will appear in your system tray. It appears at the
bottom of the screen, and shows the signal strength using color and the received signal strength
indication (RSSI).
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
4.2.1 Interfaces
1. Functional Buttons : on top of the window. You can click each button to access each
configuration window.
2. Configuration Column : Center of the Utility window. Make your changes for each function in
this part.
3. Optional Table : “Show Tray Icon”, ”Disable Adapter”, ”Radio off”, ”Windows Zero Config”
4.2.2 Available Network
This network lists the available wireless networks. The Utility connects to a wireless network with
best signal strength automatically. You can refresh the connecting network by clicking on the
network name and click the Refresh button. In the center of the Utility windows, you will see detail
information of each network.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Available Network Information:
Items Information
Encryption
Authentication
Support Rates
SSID
Network
Signal
Type
BSSID
The name of the IEEE 802.11 wireless network. This field has a
maximum limit of 32 characters.
Shows the encryption mode in use. There are total 4 modes: None,
WEP, TKIP and AES.
Shows the authentication mode in use.
This percentage shows the strength of the signal.
The type of network and the station currently connected are shown
here.
The options include : Infrastructure & Ad-Hoc
The IEEE MAC address of locally-managed, generating from a 46
random code.
Show current rate
Note:
1) An Infrastructure network contains an Access Point or wireless router. All the wireless devices or
clients will connect to the wireless router or access point.
2) An Ad-Hoc network contains only clients, such as laptops with wireless desktop adapters. All the
adapters must be in Ad-Hoc mode to communicate.
4.2.3 Profile
1. Add a new profile:
(1) Selecting an available network in the
Profile button
, or double click the network name. You could also add a new profile quickly by
“Available Network” function then click the Add to
clicking the Add button in the “Profile” function.
Note: If the network you add to profile is not encrypted, “Unsecured network” window will pop
up
, then Click “OK”.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
(2) It displays “Wireless Network Properties” dialog box. This profile page allows users to save
different wireless settings, which helps users to get access to wireless networks at home, office or
other wireless network environments quickly.
In the following dialog box, there are some items:
Items Information
Profile Name
Network
Name(SSID)
Identifies the configuration profile .This name must be unique. Note that the
profile names are not case-sensitive.
The IEEE 802.11n wireless network name, using default name defined by
system. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
(3) Wireless Network Security
A. Network Authentication
Select the Security tab in the screen above. To define the security mode, select the desired security
mode as follows. There are 7 types supported: Open System, Shared Key, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK,
and WPA 802.1X, WPA2 802.1X, WEP 802.1X, Please select a type from the drop down list
Open System: enable an adapter to attempt authentication regardless of its WEP settings. It
will only associate with the access point if the WEP keys on both the adapter and the access
point match.
Shared-key
key.
802.1x: This item appears while the environment is set to an Open authentication with WEP
encryption. Mark the checkbox to make the section available. The section is also available in
WPA and WPA2 authentication types.
Preshared Key(PSK): This is the shared secret between AP and STA. For WPA-PSK,
WPA2-PSK and WPA-NONE authentication mode, this field must be filled with characters
longer than 8 and less than 32 lengths. The following dialog appears if you have input invalid
values.
WEP Key: Only available when using WEP encryption algorithm. The key must match AP's
key. Only using the same cryptographic key to access the computer, the internet can storage,
and decryption the information from other computer.
: only allows the adapter to associate with access points that have the same WEP
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
B. Data Encryption:
There are 4 types supported: Disabled, WEP, TKIP and AES. The
available encryption selection will differ from the authentication type you
have chosen, the result is shown below:
Authentication Available Encryption Selection
Data encryption
Note: Select different Security Options, the configurations are different; you can select the
appropriate security option and configure the exact key as your need.
TKIP: "Temporary Key Integration communication Protocol", it provide each packet's key
mixture, message integration and key reconstruction mechanism. TKIP can use with personal
or the enterprise network validation.
AES: “Advanced Encryption Standard”, It is a new method that the wireless transmission of
privacy protection. AES encryption methods provides more careful than TKIP.
Open System Disabled, WEP
Shared Key WEP
WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, and WPA
802.1X, WPA2 802.1X
WEP 802.1X WEP
TKIP, AES
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
(4) Finish the configuratio “OK”, that network ha profile. n, and then click s been added to the
Profile List: The list shows all the profiles you have added before.
Buttons: You can click on these buttons to Add a new profile, Remove, Edit, Duplicate or Set
Default an old profile.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
4.2.4 General
In this window, there are some items as following:
Items Information
Status
Speed
Type
Encryption
SSID
Signal
Strength
Link Quality
Network
Address
Currently connection status
Show current transmit rate and receive rate
Network type in use.
Encryption type in use.
The name of the IEEE 802.11 wireless network. This field has a maximum
limit of 32 characters.
Receive signal strength
Display connection quality based on signal strength
A. MAC Address : The MAC address of the wireless network adapter.
B. IP Address : IP address of current connection.
C. Subnet Mask : Subnet mask of current connection.
D. Gateway : Gateway of current connection.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
4.2.5 Advanced
This screen below allows you to make advanced configuration for the profile. Please refer to the
following chart for definitions of each item.
Threshold:
(1) Fragment Threshold
This value should remain at its default setting of 2347. If you experience a high packet error rate,
you may slightly increase your fragmentation threshold within the value range of 256
Setting the fragmentation threshold t result in poor performance.
(2) RTS Threshold
Requ res you encounter
est To Send th hold. This value should remain at its default setting of 2346. If
inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications to the value range between 0 and 2432 are
recommend
ed.
oo low may
to 2432.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
4.2.6 Status
The Status tab contains general information about the program and its operations. The current
Status tab needn’t any configurations.
The following table describes the items found on the Status screen.
Items Information
Manufacturer
NDIS Driver Version
Encryption
Authenticate
MAC Address
Data Rate(Auto)
Status
SSID
The name of manufacturing this product
The version of
Here displays the encryption type the device is using
This shows whether the server based authentication is used.
The MAC address of the wireless network adapter.
Show current transmit rate and receive rate
Current connection status
The SSID of the wireless system.
Network Driver Interface Specification
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Network T
ype
The type of network and the station currently connected are shown
here. The options include : Infrastructure, Ad Hoc
Power Save Mode
Associated AP MAC
Up Time
The power save mode have three mode: Max, Min, None
The MAC Address of associated AP
Record life time
4.2.7 Statistics
Statistics page displays the detail counter information based on 802.11 MIB counters. This page
translates the MIB counters into a format easier for user to understand. It show receiving and
transmitting statistical information about the following receiving and transmitting diagnostics for
frames received by or transmitted to the wireless network adapter.
Items
TX OK
TX Error
Information
Successfully transmitted frames numbers.
Frames numbers transmitting with error.
RX OK
Rx Packet Count
RX Retry
RX ICV Error
Reset Counter
Successfully received frames numbers.
The packets of receiving frames
Frames numbers re-receiving
Integrity Check Value receiving with error.
Reset counters to zero.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Wi-Fi Prote tup
4.2.8 ct Se
The primary goal of Wi-Fi Protected Setup (Wi-Fi Simple Configuration) is to simplify the security
etup and management of Wi-Fi networks. This adapter supports the configuration setup using PIN
s
configuration method or PBC configuration method. If the wireless card supports Wi-Fi Protected
Setup (WPS), you can establish a wireless connection between wireless card and router using
either Push Button Configuration (PBC) method or PIN method.
Here we will introduce two ways to configure the QSS
(QSS is known as rapid security settings, by pressing the wireless router and wireless card on the
QSS button to automatically set up WPA2 secure connection level without the router or network
adapter management software to conduct the cumbersome interface settings, greatly simplifying
the operation of the wireless security settings.)
Pin Code: 8-digit numbers. It is randomly generated from system
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
1. PIN method
Click the button “Pin Input Config (PIN)”, and then come to the following figure.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Click the button “Yes”, you can select one of the AP.
In this figure, you can operate these buttons “Refresh / Select / Cancel”. Select the name of one AP,
then click “Select” button, you could use PIN method to configure the QSS.
Double click the Internet WEB browser icon on your desktop screen. Type the IP address of you
s
elected router/AP into the URL and press Enter, and then you can enter the configuration.
P
lease enter the WPS ( Wi-Fi ) configuration page, type the PIN code of adapter and click confirm
b
utton to build WPS connection.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
red successfully. When the “General” window appears, WPS is configu
2. PBC (Push Button Configuration) method
After pushing the PBC button, Please push the physical button on your AP or visual button on the
WPS config page, then come to the following figure.
Please enter the WPS ( Wi-Fi ) configuration pag AP, and then start PCB
connection.
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e of your desired router/
Wireless 11n USB Adapter
4.3 AP mode management guide for Vista
If you wish to share the Internet access with the wireless stations in your environment, you can
configure this wireless adapter as a software access point (Soft AP). In this mode, this wireless
adapter becomes the wireless access point that provides local area network and Internet access for
your wireless stations.
4.3.1 General
To use this adapter as an access point, please click the “Mode” on Functional Menu and select
“Access Point”.
Then switching from station mode to AP: At the same time, you will find that the icon on the system
tray is changed.
Please refer to the following information about this AP-mode utility.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Items Information
SSID
BSSID
AID
MAC Address
Life Time (mm:ss)
Config” button, then you can configure the wireless netwClick the “
p
rovides overall configuration to this adapter.
AP name of user type.
The IEEE MAC address of locally-managed, generating from a 46 random
code.
Raise value by current connection.
The station MAC address of current connection.
Record life time.
ork properties. This page
SSID: AP name of user type.
Security Setting: Authentication mode and encryption algorithm used within the AP. System
default is no authentication and encryption.
Cancel: Cancel the above changes.
OK: Apply the above changes.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
A rk Authentica
. Netwo tion
Select the Security tab efine the security mode, select the desired security
m follows. Ther
ode as e are 4 types supported: Open System, Shared Key, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK.
Please select a type from the drop down list.
B. Data Encryption:
Data encryption
Note: Select different Security Options, the configurations are different; you can select the
in the screen above. To d
There are 4 ty
available encryption selection will differ from the authentication type you
have chosen, the resu
Authentication Available Encryption Selection
Open System Disabled, WEP
Shared Key WEP
WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK TKIP, AES
pes supported: Disabled, WEP, TKIP and AES. The
lt is shown below:
appropriate security option and configure the exact key as your need.
4.3.2 Advanced
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Items Information
Beacon Interval
DTIM Period
Set Defaults
Apply
Beacon frequency spacing
Delay transmission indicator map (DTIM) is enabled for power management of
the client. If any client power man
retained for 1 (the defaul
Setting the default value of General
Apply the above changes
t). Support this parameter range from 1 to 255.
agement is enabled, the DTIM should be
4.3.3 Statistics
Statistics page displays th rma e detail counter info tion based on 802.11 MIB counters.
Items Information
TX OK
TX Error
RX OK
Rx Packet Count
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Successfully transmitted frames numbers.
Frames numbers transmitting with error.
Successfully received frames numbers.
The packets of receiving frames
Wireless 11n USB Adapter
etry
RX R
Frame
s numbers re-receiving
RX ICV Error
Reset Counter
4.3.4 ICS
Integrity Check Value receiving with error.
Reset counters to zero.
In this function, you can set the device sharing with Internet. Click the button “Apply”, Prompt box
pops up.
Select “OK”, then the Internet connection is sharing.
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Appe : Spec
Standard
IEEE 802.11n draft 2.0, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.3u
Interface
Complies with USB 2.0
Security
64/128-bit WPA , WPA2
Receiver Sensitivity
802.11n Typical -68 dBm
802.11g Typical -73 dBm
802.11b Typical -84 dBm
Transmit Power
14 dBm typically @ 802.11b
14 dBm typically @ 802.11g
13 dBm typically @ 802.11n
ndix A ifications
Network Data Rate
802.11b: 1,2,5.5 and 11 Mbps
802.11g: 6,9,12,18,24,36,48 and 54 Mbps
802.11n: up to 150 Mbps
Range Coverage
Indoor 35~100 meters
Outdoor 100~300 meters
Temperature
Operating: 0°C ~ 40°C (32°~104°F)
Storage: -10°C ~ 70°C (14°~158°F)
Humidity
Operating: 10% ~ 90% RH, non-condensing
Storage: 5%~90% RH, non-condensing
Emission
FCC, CE, VCCI Class B
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
Appendix B: Glossary
802.11b - The 802.11b standard specifies a wireless product networking at 11 Mbps using
direct-
spectrum at 2.4GHz, and WEP encryption for security. 802.11b networks a
as Wi
802.11g - specifi
sprea
radio spectrum at 2.
encryption for sec
802.11n - 802.11n bu
multiple-output). MIMO
data throughput via sp
perhaps throu
(EWC)3 was formed to he
technology specification f
(WLAN) products.
Ad-hoc Networ
connected as an independe
sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio
-Fi networks.
cation for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct-sequence
d-spectrum (DSSS) technology, using OFDM modulation and operating in the unlicensed
4GHz, and backward compatibility with IEEE 802.11b devices, and WEP
urity.
ilds upon previous 802.11 standards by adding MIMO (multiple-input
uses multiple transmitter and 3receiver antennas to allow for increased
atial multiplexing and increased range by exploiting the spatial diversity,
gh coding schemes like Alamouti coding. The Enhanced Wireless Consortium
lp accelerate the IEEE 802.11n development process and promote a
or interoperability of next-generation wireless local area networking
k - An ad-hoc network is a group of computers, each with a Wireless Adapter,
nt 802.11 wireless LAN. Ad-hoc wireless computers operate on a
re also referred to
peer-to-peer basis, communicating dire
Ad-hoc mode is als
peer-to-peer m
DSSS - (Direct-Se
data transmitted. This
the chip ar
recover the original data without
appears as low power wideband
ver, to an intended receiver (i.e. another wireless LAN endpoint), the DSSS signal is
Howe
recognized as the only valid signal, and i
FHSS - (Frequency Hopping Spre
carrier
pseudo-random set of
transmitter and receiver know the hop patterns, interception of FHSS is extremely difficult.
Infrastructure Network - An infrastructure network is a group of computers or other devices,
each with a Wireless Adapter, connected as an 802.11 wireless LAN. In infrastructure mode,
frequency of a conventional carrier several times per second according to a
ode, and is useful at a departmental scale or SOHO operation.
e damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the receiver can
o referred to as an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or as
quence Spread Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for all
bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). Even if one or more bits in
the need of retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS
noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
channels. Because a fixed frequency is not used, and only the
ctly with each other without the use of an access point.
nterference is inherently rejected (ignored).
ad Spectrum) - FHSS continuously changes (hops) the
the wireless devices communicate with each other and to a wired network by first going
through an access point. An infrastructure wireless network connected to a wired network is
referred to as a Basic Service Set (BSS). A set of two or more BSS in a single network is
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Wireless 11n USB Adapter
referred to as an Extended Service
Set (ESS). Infrastructure mode is useful at a corporation
scale, or when it is necessary to con
SSID - A Service Set Identification is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key
identifying a wireless local area network. For the wireless devices in a network to communicate
with each other, all devices must be configured with the same SSID. This is typically the
configuration param
Access Point and to the wireless network name. See also Wireless Network Name and ESSID.
WEP - (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit or
152-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. To gain access to a
WEP network, you must
using WEP, you must determine the level of encryption. The type of encryption determines the
key length. 128-bit encryption requires a longer key than 64-bit encryption. Keys are defined by
entering in a string in HEX (hexadecimal - using characters 0-9, A-F) or ASCII (American
Standard Code for Information Interchange – alphanumeric characters) format. ASCII format is
provided so you can enter a string that is easier to remember. The ASCII string is converted to
HEX for use over the network. Four keys can be defined so that you can change keys easily.
Wi-Fi - A trade na
eter for a wireless PC card. It corresponds to the ESSID in the wireless
know the key. The key is a string of characters that you create. When
me for the 802.11b wireless networking standard, given by the Wireless
nect the wired and wireless networks.
Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, see http://www.wi-fi.net), an industry standards group
promoting interoperability among 802.11b devices.
WLAN - (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices
communicate with each other wirelessly, which network serving users are limited in a local
area.
WPA - (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - A wireless security protocol use TKIP (Temporal Key
Integrity Protocol) encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server
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