Netopia™ R7100 SDSL Router
User’s Reference Guide
Copyright
©1997–98, Netopia, Inc., v.0300
All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A.
This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with
all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or
part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes
translation to another language or format.
Netopia, Inc.
2470 Mariner Square Loop
Alameda, CA 94501-1010
U.S.A.
Patents
PhoneNET technology contained in Netopia is covered by U.S. Patent Numbers 4,901,342
and 5,003,579.
Other U.S. and foreign patents are pending.
Part Number
For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6120338-PF-03
Printed Copies
For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER7100/Doc
(P/N 6120338-00-02)
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Welcome to the Netopia R7100 SDSL Router
your single source for information about your Netopia R7100 SDSL Router. It is intended to be
viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display
has been deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your
screen. You can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described, and
find useful information about the procedure you are performing.
This Table of Contents page you are viewing consists of hypertext links to the chapters and
headings listed. If you are viewing this on-line, just click any link below to go to that heading.
User’s Reference Guide
. This guide is designed to be
Part I: Getting Started
Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-1
Overview....................................................................... 1-1
Features and capabilities ............................................... 1-1
How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2
Chapter 2 — Setting Up Internet Services .................................2-1
Finding an Internet service provider................................. 2-1
Unique requirements............................................ 2-2
Pricing and support.............................................. 2-2
Endorsements ..................................................... 2-2
Deciding on an ISP account............................................ 2-2
Setting up a Netopia R7100 account..................... 2-2
Obtaining an IP address........................................ 2-2
SmartIP............................................................... 2-2
Obtaining information from the ISP.................................. 2-3
Local LAN IP address information to obtain............ 2-3
G
B
Chapter 3 — Making the Physical Connections..........................3-1
Find a location............................................................... 3-1
What you need .............................................................. 3-2
Identify the connectors and attach the cables.................. 3-2
Netopia R7100 SDSL Router back panel ports ................ 3-3
Netopia R7100 SDSL Router status lights....................... 3-4
Chapter 4 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network.................4-1
Overview....................................................................... 4-1
Readying computers on your local network....................... 4-1
Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 4-3
iv User’s Reference Guide
10Base-T............................................................. 4-4
Adding an external modem ............................................. 4-5
Connecting to a LocalTalk network ................................. 4-6
Wiring guidelines for PhoneNET cabling.................. 4-7
Chapter 5 — Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-1
Before running SmartStart ............................................. 5-2
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard........... 5-3
SmartStart Wizard configuration screens ............... 5-3
Easy option.......................................................... 5-4
Advanced option .................................................. 5-5
Sharing the Connection.................................................. 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT
computers........................................................... 5-6
Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers........ 5-10
Chapter 6 — Console-Based Management.................................6-1
Connecting through a Telnet session............................... 6-2
Configuring Telnet software................................... 6-3
Connecting a console cable to your router ....................... 6-3
Navigating through the console screens .......................... 6-4
Chapter 7 — Easy Setup...........................................................7-1
Easy Setup console screens........................................... 7-1
Accessing the Easy Setup console screens............ 7-1
Quick Easy Setup connection path .................................. 7-3
With DHCP and ATM FUNI (the defaults)................. 7-3
Without DHCP...................................................... 7-3
More Easy Setup options ............................................... 7-6
Easy Setup Profile................................................ 7-7
IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-8
Easy Setup Security Configuration ......................... 7-9
Configuring Frame Relay............................................... 7-10
Easy Setup Frame Relay screens......................... 7-10
Contents v
WAN Configuration Frame Relay screens.............. 7-11
Frame Relay configuration................................... 7-12
Frame Relay DLCI configuration........................... 7-14
Part II: Advanced Configuration
Chapter 8 — WAN and System Configuration .............................8-1
WAN configuration.......................................................... 8-1
The default profile.......................................................... 8-3
IP parameters (default profile) screen .................... 8-4
IPX parameters (default profile) screen .................. 8-5
System configuration screens ........................................ 8-5
Navigating through the system configuration screens........ 8-6
System configuration features............................... 8-7
Network protocols setup....................................... 8-8
Filter sets (firewalls)............................................. 8-8
IP address serving ............................................... 8-8
Date and time...................................................... 8-8
Console configuration........................................... 8-9
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)..... 8-10
Security............................................................. 8-10
Upgrade feature set ........................................... 8-10
Logging ............................................................. 8-10
Installing the Syslog client .................................. 8-11
G
Chapter 9 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ............9-1
Network Address Translation features ............................. 9-1
Using Network Address Translation................................. 9-3
Associating port numbers with nodes.................... 9-6
Advanced IP/IPX router configuration options................... 9-7
Connection Profiles........................................................ 9-8
Network Address Translation guidelines............... 9-10
IP setup...................................................................... 9-11
IP subnets......................................................... 9-15
vi User’s Reference Guide
Static routes...................................................... 9-17
IP address serving....................................................... 9-21
IP Address Pools................................................ 9-24
DHCP NetBIOS Options....................................... 9-26
MacIP (KIP forwarding) setup .............................. 9-28
Chapter 10 — IPX Setup.........................................................10-1
IPX features ................................................................ 10-1
IPX definitions ............................................................. 10-1
Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) ..................... 10-1
IPX address....................................................... 10-2
Socket .............................................................. 10-2
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ....................... 10-2
Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)....................... 10-2
NetBIOS............................................................ 10-3
IPX spoofing....................................................... 10-3
IPX setup screen ......................................................... 10-3
IPX routing tables ........................................................ 10-5
Chapter 11 — AppleTalk Setup................................................11-1
AppleTalk networks ...................................................... 11-1
AppleTalk protocol.............................................. 11-1
MacIP................................................................ 11-3
AURP................................................................. 11-3
Routers and seeding .......................................... 11-3
Installing AppleTalk ...................................................... 11-4
Configuring AppleTalk ................................................... 11-6
EtherTalk setup.................................................. 11-6
LocalTalk setup ................................................. 11-7
AURP setup ....................................................... 11-8
Chapter 12 — Monitoring Tools...............................................12-1
Quick View status overview .......................................... 12-1
General status................................................... 12-2
Contents vii
Current status ................................................... 12-3
Status lights...................................................... 12-3
Statistics & Logs......................................................... 12-4
General Statistics .............................................. 12-4
Event histories ............................................................ 12-5
Routing tables............................................................. 12-7
Served IP Addresses.................................................. 12-10
System Information.................................................... 12-12
SNMP....................................................................... 12-12
The SNMP Setup screen................................... 12-13
SNMP traps..................................................... 12-14
SmartView ................................................................ 12-16
SmartView overview ........................................ 12-16
Navigating SmartView....................................... 12-17
General Machine information page .................... 12-18
Event history pages.......................................... 12-19
Standard HTML web-based monitoring pages ..... 12-21
G
Chapter 13 — Security ...........................................................13-1
Suggested security measures....................................... 13-1
User accounts............................................................. 13-1
Dial-in console access.................................................. 13-3
Enable SmartStart/SmartView/Web server................... 13-4
Telnet access .............................................................. 13-4
About filters and filter sets ........................................... 13-4
What’s a filter and what’s a filter set?.................. 13-4
How filter sets work............................................ 13-5
How individual filters work................................... 13-7
Design guidelines............................................. 13-11
Working with IP filters and filter sets............................ 13-12
Adding a filter set............................................. 13-13
Viewing filter sets............................................. 13-16
Modifying filter sets.......................................... 13-17
viii User’s Reference Guide
Deleting a filter set........................................... 13-17
A sample IP filter set........................................ 13-17
IPX filters .................................................................. 13-21
IPX packet filters.............................................. 13-22
IPX packet filter sets ........................................ 13-23
IPX SAP filters.................................................. 13-25
IPX SAP filter sets ............................................ 13-27
Firewall tutorial.......................................................... 13-29
General firewall terms ...................................... 13-29
Basic IP packet components............................. 13-29
Basic protocol types......................................... 13-29
Firewall design rules......................................... 13-30
Filter basics..................................................... 13-32
Example filters................................................. 13-33
Chapter 14 — Utilities and Diagnostics...................................14-1
Ping............................................................................ 14-2
Trace Route................................................................. 14-4
Telnet client................................................................. 14-5
Disconnect Telnet console session ............................... 14-6
Factory defaults........................................................... 14-6
Transferring configuration and firmware files with TFTP.... 14-7
Updating firmware .............................................. 14-7
Downloading configuration files ........................... 14-8
Uploading configuration files ............................... 14-9
Transferring configuration and firmware files with
XMODEM..................................................................... 14-9
Updating firmware ............................................ 14-10
Downloading configuration files ......................... 14-11
Uploading configuration files ............................. 14-11
Restarting the system................................................ 14-12
Contents ix
Part III: Appendixes
Troubleshooting.........................................................................A-1
Configuration problems .................................................. A-1
Console connection problems ............................... A-2
Network problems................................................ A-2
How to reset the router to factory defaults ...................... A-3
Power outages............................................................... A-3
Technical support .......................................................... A-4
How to reach us................................................... A-4
Understanding IP Addressing .....................................................B-1
What is IP?.................................................................... B-1
About IP addressing....................................................... B-1
Subnets and subnet masks .................................. B-2
Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... B-3
Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ B-5
Distributing IP addresses ............................................... B-5
Technical note on subnet masking......................... B-6
Configuration ....................................................... B-7
Manually distributing IP addresses ........................ B-8
Using address serving.......................................... B-8
Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses............ B-9
Nested IP subnets....................................................... B-11
Broadcasts.................................................................. B-13
Packet header types........................................... B-13
G
Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior .........................................C-1
Network configuration..................................................... C-1
Background................................................................... C-1
Exported services................................................ C-5
Important notes................................................... C-6
Configuration................................................................. C-7
Summary...................................................................... C-8
x User’s Reference Guide
Binary Conversion Table.............................................................D-1
Further Reading ........................................................................E-1
Technical Specifications and Safety Information .........................F-1
Pinouts for Auxiliary port modem cable............................ F-1
Description.................................................................... F-2
Power requirements ............................................. F-2
Environment ........................................................ F-2
Software and protocols......................................... F-3
Agency approvals........................................................... F-3
Regulatory notices ............................................... F-3
Important safety instructions ................................ F-4
About SDSL...............................................................................G-1
Glossary..................................................................................GL-1
Index ..................................................................................Index-1
Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies................................1
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User’s Reference Guide
Introduction 1-1
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Overview
The Netopia R7100 SDSL Router is a full-featured, stand-alone, multiprotocol router for connecting diverse local
area networks (LANs) to the Internet and other remote networks. Once your Netopia R7100 SDSL Router is
connected to your computer, and your account is activated by your network service provider , you will have a fast
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) connection between your PC or LAN and the telephone company’s
network of high-speed digital facilities.
This section covers the following topics:
■
“Features and capabilities” on page 1-1
■
“How to use this guide” on page 1-2
Features and capabilities
The Netopia R7100 SDSL Router provides the following features:
■
Support for IP and IPX routing for Internet and intranet connectivity.
■
IP address serving (over Ethernet or a WAN link) that allows local or remote network nodes to acquire an IP
address automatically and dynamically from a designated pool of available addresses.
■
Multi-speed symmetrical transmission from 128 Kbps to 1.568 Mbps to provide scalability without
additional equipment investment.
■
All digital, continuous-availability networking eliminates dialing and provides lower, more predictable
transmission costs.
Inter-operates with Copper Mountain Networks Copper Edge™ access concentrator.
■
■
Connectivity to Ethernet LANs via built-in 8 port 10Base-T hub with uplink port.
■
Status lights (LEDs) for easy monitoring and troubleshooting.
Support for console-based management over Telnet or serial cable connection.
■
Support for remote configuration by your reseller, your network administrator , or technicians at Netopia, Inc
■
via external modem or via IP network.
■
Wall-mountable, bookshelf (side-stackable), or desktop-stackable design for efficient space usage.
SmartIP™ makes it simple and economical to connect a workgroup of users to the Internet or a remote IP
■
network by using Network Address Translation and a single IP address.
■
AppleTalk support (available as a separate add-on AppleTalk kit, including a firmware feature set
enhancement and custom HD-15 dual RJ-11 PhoneNET® connector) allows for LocalTalk to Ethernet
routing, assigning IP addresses to Macintosh users (MacIP), IP functionality for LocalT alk users, and AURP
1-2 User’s Reference Guide
tunneling for connectivity between remote AppleTalk networks.
SmartView tool allows for real-time monitoring of router status lights (LEDs), through one or more
■
information forms on a Web-based Java applet. Internet browsers such as Netscape Navigator and
Microsoft’s Internet Explorer can be used for SmartView.
How to use this guide
This guide is designed to be your single source for information about your Netopia R7100 SDSL Router. It is
intended to be viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display
has been deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You
can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described, and find useful information
about the procedure you are performing.
If you prefer to work from hard copy rather than on-line documentation, you can also print out all of the manual,
or individual sections. The pages are formatted to print on standard 8 1/2 by 11 inch paper. We recommend
that you print on three-hole punched paper, so you can put the pages in a binder for future reference. For your
convenience, a printed copy can be purchased from Netopia. Order part number TER7100/Doc.
This guide is organized into chapters describing the Netopia R7100’s advanced features. You may want to read
each chapter’s introductory section to familiarize yourself with the various features available.
Use the guide’s table of contents and index to locate informational topics.
Setting Up Internet Services 2-1
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This chapter describes how to obtain and set up Internet services.
This section covers the following topics:
■
“Finding an Internet service provider” on page 2-1
■
“Deciding on an ISP account” on page 2-2
“Obtaining information from the ISP” on page 2-3
■
Note:
use the Netopia R7100 to access the Internet via the main office in a point-to-point scenario. If you install the
Netopia R7100 in this type of environment, refer to the following sections for specific information you must
receive from the network administrator to configure the Netopia R7100 properly.
Some companies act as their own ISP. For example, some organizations have branch offices that can
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Finding an Internet service provider
The Netopia R7100 SDSL Router provides its high speed symmetric (two-way) digital connection to the Internet
through a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) -- a type of mini phone company. The CLEC uses a
compatible type of switching equipment known as a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM). The
DSLAM that you connect to with your Netopia Router must be capable of handling these symmetric connections.
In determining which Internet Service Provider to establish your account with, you must be sure that your ISP
supports connections via a CLEC with a compatible DSLAM, the Copper Mountain Networks CopperEdge™
central office equipment.
If you have purchased your Netopia Router through a Netopia ISP partner, you can be sure that an account that
supports SDSL connections will be available.
If your area has more than one ISP , the following considerations will help you decide which ISP is best suited for
your requirements.
Use an ISP that provides Internet access through a Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) and that supports
the Netopia Router with SDSL. If you would like to use an ISP that you already have a relationship with but that
is not familiar with the Netopia Router with SDSL, call us at 1-800-NETOPIA. Our representative can call your ISP
and introduce them to the product. If necessary, we will provide them with the technical background they need
to support the product.
2-2 User’s Reference Guide
Unique requirements
Make sure the ISP can meet any unique requirements you may have, such as:
■
Dynamic or static IP addressing
Class C IP address
■
Custom domain name
■
■
Multiple e-mail addresses
■
Web site hosting
Pricing and support
Compare pricing, service, and technical support service among various ISPs.
Endorsements
Consider recommendations from colleagues and reviews in publications. Netopia lists Netopia Certified ISPs on
our Web site at
http://www.netopia.com
.
Deciding on an ISP account
Your ISP may offer various Internet access account plans. Typically, these plans vary by usage charges and the
number of host IP addresses supplied. Evaluate your networking needs and discuss them with your ISP before
deciding on a plan for your network.
The following checklist is a guide to ensure that you obtain the Internet service you require.
Setting up a Netopia R7100 account
Check whether your ISP has the Netopia R7100 on its list of supported products that have been tested with a
particular configuration. If the ISP does not have the Netopia R7100 on such a list, describe the Netopia R7100
in as much detail as needed, so your ISP account can be optimized. As appropriate, refer your ISP to Netopia’s
Web site www.netopia.com for more information.
Obtaining an IP address
Typically, each network computer that requires Internet access requires its own unique IP address. If some or
all network computers require simultaneous Internet access, obtain a block of IP host addresses large enough
for each computer to have its own address, plus one for the Netopia R7100.
Consider expected growth in your network when deciding on the number of addresses to obtain. Alternatively,
you can use the Network Address Translation feature of SmartIP.
SmartIP
The Netopia R7100 SDSL Router supports the SmartIP™ feature, which includes Network Address Translation.
Setting Up Internet Services 2-3
Network Address Translation provides Internet access to the network connected to the Netopia R7100 using
only a single IP address. These routers translate between the internal or local area network (LAN) addresses
and a single external IP address, and route accordingly.
For more information on Network Address Translation, see Chapter 9, “IP Setup and Network Address
Translation.”
Obtaining information from the ISP
After your account is set up, the ISP should send you the IP parameter information that will help you configure
the Netopia R7100.
Local LAN IP address information to obtain
Your ISP will need to provide you with the following information:
■
The default gateway IP address (same as remote IP address in most cases)
■
Local WAN IP address and subnet mask
Primary and secondary domain name server (DNS) IP addresses
■
Domain name (usually the same as the ISP’s domain name unless you have registered for your own
■
individual domain name)
Note:
The default gateway, WAN address and mask, DNS, and domain name are all obtainable via WAN DHCP,
if your ISP supports it.
With Network Address Translation
If you are using SmartIP (NAT), you should obtain the following:
■
If you are connecting to a remote site using Network Address Translation on your router, your provider will
not define the IP address information on your local LAN. You can define this information based on an IP
configuration that may already be in place for the existing network. Alternatively, you can use the default IP
address range used by the router.
Without Network Address Translation
If you are not using Network Address Translation, you will need to obtain all of the local LAN IP address
information from your ISP.
If you are not using SmartIP (NAT), you should obtain:
■
The number of Ethernet IP host addresses available with your account and the first usable IP host address
in the address block
The Ethernet IP address for your Netopia R7100
■
■
The Ethernet IP subnet mask address for your Netopia R7100
2-4 User’s Reference Guide
Making the Physical Connections 3-1
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This section tells you how to make the physical connections to your Netopia R7100 SDSL Router. This section
covers the following topics:
■
“Find a location” on page 3-1
■
“What you need” on page 3-2
“Identify the connectors and attach the cables” on page 3-2
■
“Netopia R7100 SDSL Router back panel ports” on page 3-3
■
■
“Netopia R7100 SDSL Router status lights” on page 3-4
Find a location
When choosing a location for the Netopia Router, consider:
■
Available space and ease of installation
Physical layout of the building and how to best use the physical space available for connecting your Netopia
■
Router to the LAN
■
Available wiring and jacks
■ Distance from the point of installation to the next device (length of cable or wall wiring)
■ Ease of access to the front of the unit for configuration and monitoring
■ Ease of access to the back of the unit for checking and changing cables
■ Cable length and network size limitations when expanding networks
For small networks, install the Netopia R7100 near one of the LANs. For large networks, you can install the
Netopia R7100 in a wiring closet or a central network administration site.
3-2 User’s Reference Guide
What you need
Locate all items that you need for the installation.
Included in your router package are:
■ The Netopia R7100 SDSL Router
■ A power adapter and cord with a mini-DIN8 connector
■ One RJ-45 Ethernet cable
■ One RJ-11 Telco (or Line) cable
■ A dual DE-9 and mini-DIN8 to DE-9 console cable (for a PC or a Macintosh)
■ The Netopia CD containing an Internet browser, Adobe Acrobat Reader for Windows and Macintosh, ZTerm
terminal emulator software and NCSA Telnet for Macintosh, and documentation
You will need:
■ A Windows 95–based PC or a Macintosh computer with Ethernet connectivity for configuring the Netopia
R7100. This may be built-in Ethernet or an add-on card, with TCP/IP installed and configured. See “Before
running SmartStart” on page 5-2.
■ An SDSL wall outlet wired for a connection to a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) who supports
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line connections.
Identify the connectors and attach the cables
Identify the connectors and switches on the back panel and attach the necessary Netopia Router cables.
The figure below displays the back of the Netopia R7100 SDSL Router.
Netopia R7100 with SDSL back panel
Line port
8
Ethernet
1
Normal
1
Uplink
Crossover switch
Auxiliary Console Power
Line
Auxiliary port
Power port
8 port Ethernet hub
Console port
1. Connect the mini-DIN8 connector from the power adapter to the power port, and plug the other end into an
electrical outlet.
2. Connect one end of the RJ-11 cable to the Line port, and the other end to your SDSL wall outlet.
Making the Physical Connections 3-3
3. Connect the Ethernet cable to any of the Ethernet ports on the router.
(If you are connecting the router to an existing Ethernet hub, use Ethernet port #1 on the router and set the
crossover switch to the Uplink position.)
You should now have: the power adapter plugged in; the Ethernet cable connected between the router and
your computer; and the SDSL cable connected between the router and the SDSL wall outlet.
Netopia R7100 SDSL Router back panel ports
The following table describes all the Netopia R7100 SDSL Router back panel ports.
Port Description
Power port A mini-DIN8 power adapter cable connection.
Line port An RJ-11 telephone-style jack labelled Line for your SDSL connection.
Console port A DE-9 console port for a direct serial connection to the console screens. You
can use this if you are an experienced user. See “Connecting a console cable to
your router” on page 6-3.
Auxiliary port An HD-15 auxiliary port for attaching an external modem or the optional
AppleTalk kit.
Crossover switch A crossover switch with Normal and Uplink positions. If you use Ethernet Port
#1 for a direct Ethernet connection between a computer and the router, set the
switch to the Normal position. If you are connecting the router to an Ethernet
hub, use Ethernet port #1 on the router and set the switch to the Uplink
position.
8-port Ethernet hub Eight Ethernet jacks. You will use one of these to configure the Netopia R7100.
For a new installation, use the Ethernet connection. Alternatively, you can use
the console connection to run console-based management using a direct serial
connection. You can either connect your computer directly to any of the Ethernet
ports on the router, or connect both your computer and the router to an existing
Ethernet hub on your LAN.
3-4 User’s Reference Guide
Netopia R7100 SDSL Router status lights
The figure below represents the Netopia R7100 status light (LED) panel.
Netopia R7100 LED front panel
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16171819 20 21
1
Link/Receive
Power
Management
WAN 1 WAN 2 Ethernet
Ready
Channel 2
Channel 1
Console
Auxiliary
Management
Ready
Channel 1
Channel 2
Traffic
Collision
The following table summarizes the meaning of the various LED states and colors:
When this happens... the LEDs...
The corresponding line passes supervisory traffic between
2 flashes yellow.
the Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) and
the Netopia R7100
The WAN interface is operational 3 is green.
The line is unavailable 3 flashes red.
The WAN has carrier 4 is green.
Data is transmitted or received on the WAN 4 flashes yellow.
Carrier is asserted 6 and 7 are green.
Data is transmitted or received 6 and 7 flash yellow.
Data is transmitted or received by the ethernet controller 12 flashes yellow.
The Ethernet interface detects a collision 13 flashes red.
Link is detected 14 though 21 are solid green.
Data are received on their respective ports 14 though 21 flash green.
Note: 5 and 8 through 11 are unused, since the DSL link is carried only on WAN channel 1. Also, Console
carrier (6) is ignored if the console is not configured for a remote modem.
Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-1
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This chapter describes how to physically connect the Netopia R7100 to your local area network (LAN). Before
you proceed, make sure the Netopia R7100 is properly configured. You can customize the router’s configuration
for your particular LAN requirements using console-based Management (see “Console-Based Management” on
page 6-1).
This section covers the following topics:
■ “Overview” on page 4-1
■ “Readying computers on your local network” on page 4-1
■ “Connecting to an Ethernet network” on page 4-3
■ “Adding an external modem” on page 4-5
■ “Connecting to a LocalTalk network” on page 4-6
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Overview
You can connect the Netopia R7100 to an IP or IPX network that uses Ethernet.
If you have purchased the AppleTalk feature expansion kit, you can also connect the router to a LocalTalk
network that uses PhoneNET cabling.
Additionally, you can connect an external modem. See “Adding an external modem” on page 4-5.
Caution!
Before connecting the Netopia R7100 to any AppleTalk LANs that contain other AppleTalk routers, you should
read “Routers and seeding” on page 11-3.
See the later sections in this chapter for details on how to connect the Netopia R7100 to different types of
networks.
Readying computers on your local network
PC and Macintosh computers must have certain components installed before they can communicate through
the Netopia R7100. The following illustration shows the minimal requirements for a typical PC or Macintosh
computer.
4-2 User’s Reference Guide
Application software
TCP/IP stack
Ethernet/EtherTalk/LocalTalk Driver
Your PC
or Macintosh
computer
To the Netopia R7100
Application software: This is the software you use to send e-mail, browse the World Wide Web, read
newsgroups, etc. These applications may require some configuration. Examples include the Eudora e-mail client
and the Web browsers Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator.
TCP/IP stack: This is the software that lets your PC or Macintosh communicate using Internet protocols.
TCP/IP stacks must be configured with some of the same information you used to configure the Netopia
R7100. There are a number of TCP/IP stacks available for PC computers. Windows 95 includes a built-in
TCP/IP stack. See “Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT computers” on page 5-6. Macintosh
computers use either MacTCP or Open Transport. See “Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers” on
page 5-10.
Ethernet: Ethernet hardware and software drivers enable your PC or Macintosh computer to communicate on
the LAN.
EtherTalk and LocalTalk: These are AppleTalk protocols used over Ethernet.
Once the Netopia R7100 is properly configured and connected to your LAN, PC and Macintosh computers that
have their required components in place will be able to connect to the Internet or other remote IP networks.
Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-3
Connecting to an Ethernet network
The Netopia R7100 supports Ethernet connections through its eight Ethernet ports. The router automatically
detects which Ethernet port is in use.
You can connect either 10Base-T or EtherWave Ethernet networks to the Netopia R7100.
The following table displays some important attributes of these types of Ethernet.
Attribute EtherWave 10Base-T
Max. length of backbone,
branch, or end to end (cable
length)
Cable type
Netopia R7100 port used Ethernet Ethernet
Other restrictions
330 feet
(100 meters)
Twisted pair
(10Base-T)
Maximum 8
devices (daisy
chained)
330 feet
(100 meters)
Twisted pair
(10Base-T)
No daisy
chain
4-4 User’s Reference Guide
10Base-T
You can connect a standard 10Base-T Ethernet network to the Netopia R7100 using any of its available
Ethernet ports.
Netopia R7100 with SDSL back panel
8
Ethernet
1
Normal
1
The Netopia R7100 in a 10Base-T network
Uplink
8
Auxiliary Console Power
Ethernet
1
Nor-
Line
To connect your 10Base-T network to the Netopia R7100 through an Ethernet port, use a 10Base-T cable with
RJ-45 connectors.
If you have more than eight devices to connect, you can attach additional devices using either a 10Base-T hub
or an EtherWave daisy chain, or some combination of both.
Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-5
If you add devices connected through a hub, connect the hub to Ethernet port number 1 on the Netopia R7100
and set the Normal/Uplink switch to Uplink.
When there are no more free ports on the 10Base-T hub, the network can be extended using EtherWave, a daisy-chainable
Ethernet solution from Farallon.
8
Ethernet
MacintoshPC PC
LaserWriter
1
Nor-
EtherWave
ISA Card
EtherWave
Printer Adapter
EtherWave
NuBus Card
EtherWave
Transceiver
10Base-T
Hub
Adding an external modem
You may want to add an external modem to your Auxiliary port. Obtain the special DB-25 external modem cable
(TE6/DB25) either from your reseller or directly from Netopia.
Netopia R7100 Auxiliary port for connecting an external modem
8
Ethernet
1
Normal
1
Auxiliary Console Power
Uplink
Line
Auxiliary connection port
HD-15 (female)
By default, the Auxiliary port on your Netopia R7100 is enabled for remote console configuration via an
external asynchronous modem. This means that all you have to do is connect your modem to the Auxiliary port
and configure its settings in the Line Configuration screens under the WAN Configuration menu.
For pinout information on the HD-15 to DB-25 modem cable, see “Pinouts for Auxiliary port modem cable,” in
Appendix F, “Technical Specifications and Safety Information.”
4-6 User’s Reference Guide
Connecting to a LocalTalk network
If you have purchased the AppleTalk feature expansion kit, you can also connect the router to an AppleTalk
network that uses either Ethernet or LocalTalk. Refer to the sheet of optional feature set add-ons in your
Netopia R7100 documentation folio.
The AppleTalk feature expansion kit includes a dual RJ-11 PhoneNET connector that attaches to the Auxiliary
port on the Netopia R7100.
Netopia R7100 Auxiliary port for connecting to LocalTalk
8
Ethernet
1
Normal
1
Auxiliary Console Power
Uplink
Line
Auxiliary connection port
HD-15 (female)
Connect the male HD-15 end of the LocalTalk cable to the Auxiliary port on your Netopia R7100. Connect the
other end of the cable to your LocalTalk network. You can use only one connection on the Auxiliary port. You
cannot use both the PhoneNET connector and an external modem.
If your LocalTalk network is not based on standard PhoneNET cabling, use a PhoneNET-to-LocalTalk adaptor
cable available from Farallon division of Netopia. Connect the adaptor cable’s RJ-11 connector to the AppleTalk
cable’s PhoneNET connector. Connect the cable’s mini-DIN-3 connector to your LocalTalk network.
Be sure to observe the standard rules governing maximum cable lengths and limits on the number of nodes on
a PhoneNET network. The dual RJ-11 PhoneNET connector allows insertion in the LocalTalk daisy chain or at the
end. If the device is connected at the end of the daisy chain, you must install the accompanying terminator.
Wiring guidelines for PhoneNET cabling
Connecting to Your Local Area Network 4-7
Topology
Daisy chain n/a n/a 1800 ft.
Backbone 4500 ft.
4-branch passive star* 1125 ft.
LocalTalk StarController
12-branch active star
* Distance is per branch
For detailed configuration instructions see “AppleTalk Setup” on page 11-1.
22 gauge
.642 mm
1372 m
343 m
3000 ft.
914 m
24 gauge
.510 mm
3000 ft.
229 m
750 ft.
229 m
2000 ft.
610 m
26 gauge
.403 mm
549 m
1800 ft.
549 m
450 ft.
137 m
1200 ft.
366 m
4-8 User’s Reference Guide
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