NETGEAR RN12P0610, RN12P1210, RN12P1220, ReadyNAS 3200 Software Manual
202-10551-01
v1.0
June 2009
NETGEAR, Inc.
350 East Plumeria Drive
San Jose, CA 95134 USA
ReadyNAS 3200
Software Manual
ii
v1.0, June 2009
© 2009 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical Support
Registration on the website or over the phone is required before you can use our telephone support service. The phone
numbers for worldwide regional customer support centers are on the Warranty and Support Information card that came
with your product.
Go to http://kbserver.netgear.com for product updates and Web support.
Trademarks
NETGEAR, the NETGEAR logo, ReadyNAS, X-RAID, X-RAID2, FrontView, RAIDar, RAIDiator, Network Storage
Processor, and NSP are trademarks or registered trademarks of NETGEAR, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT and
Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or
trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Product and Publication Details
Model Number: 3200
Publication Date: June 2009
Product Family: Network Storage
Product Name: ReadyNAS 3200 Network Attached Storage System
Home or Business Product: Business
Language: English
Publication Part Number: 202-10551-01
Publication Version Number: 1.0
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v1.0, June 2009
Contents
About This Manual
Conventions and Formats ................................................................................................vii
Software Manual Revision History ...................................................................................viii
Chapter 1
Getting Acquainted
What is the ReadyNAS 3200? ........................................................................................1-1
The Benefits of X-RAID2 ................................................................................................1-2
Initial Setup and Default Login ........................................................................................1-2
The RAIDar Setup Utility ................................................................................................1-3
The FrontView Management Console ............................................................................1-4
Chapter 2
Managing Your ReadyNAS 3200
Customizing Network Settings ........................................................................................2-1
Ethernet Interfaces ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ..................................................................2-2
Global Network Settings ..................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ................................... .... ... ... ..2-6
WINS ............................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 2-7
DHCP ........................... ................................................................ ............................ 2-7
Route: A Manual Routing Table ...............................................................................2-8
Updating the Admin Password .......................................................................................2-8
Selecting Services for Share Access ............................................................................2-10
Standard File Protocols ............................................. .............................................2-10
Discovery Services .................................................................................................2-12
Understanding Volume Management ...........................................................................2-13
Advantages of X-RAID2 and Flex-RAID ............................................................. ...2-13
Volume Management for Flex-RAID ......................................................................2-14
Volume Management for X-RAID2 .........................................................................2-17
iSCSI Target Volumes ............................................................................................2-19
USB Volumes .. ... ... ... .... ... ................................... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ......................2-20
Adjusting System Settings ............................................................................................2-22
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Clock, System Time, and NTP Options ..................................................................2-23
Alerts, Alert Contacts, Alert Settings, SNMP, and SMTP .......................................2-23
Language Settings .................................................................................................2-27
Updating ReadyNAS 3200 Firmware .................................................................. ...2-28
Configuration Backup ............ ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ................................................................2-29
Chapter 3
Managing User Access
Understanding Share Security Access Modes ...............................................................3-1
User Security Mode ................................ ... ... ... .........................................................3-2
Domain Security Mode .............................................................................................3-4
Setting Up User and Group Accounts ............................................................................3-5
Managing Groups ............................... .... ... ... ... ... .... ..................................................3-6
Managing Users .... ... .................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .................................... ... ..3-8
Setting Accounts Preferences ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... .... ......3-10
Changing User Passwords ...........................................................................................3-10
Managing Shares ............................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ................................3-11
Adding Shares ................................. ... .................................... ... ... .... ... ... ... .............3-11
Managing Shares ..... .... ................................... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... ................................3-12
Share Access from a Web Browser ................................. ............................. ................ 3-18
Share Access via FTP/FTPS ........................................................................................3-19
Remote Access ............................................................................................................3-20
ReadyNAS Remote ................................................................................................3-20
Remote FTP Access ..............................................................................................3-22
Remote HTTP Access ............................................................................................3-24
Enabling Rsync and Specifying Rsync Rights ..............................................................3-26
Chapter 4
Securing Your Data
Configuring Backup Jobs ................................................................................................4-1
Adding a New Backup Job ........... ... ... .... ... ... ....................................... ... ... ...............4-1
Viewing the Backup Schedule ..................................................................................4-7
Viewing the Backup Log ...........................................................................................4-8
Editing a Backup Job ...............................................................................................4-8
MAC OS X Time Machine Backup ..................................................................................4-9
Snapshots ........................................... ............................. ............................. ..................4-9
Backing Up the ReadyNAS to a USB Drive ..................................................................4-13
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Backing Up to the Web with the ReadyNAS Vault Service ...........................................4-14
Chapter 5
Optimizing Performance and
Maintaining the System
Performance ...................................................................................................................5-1
Adding a UPS ............................................... ... ... ... ... .................................... ... ... .... ... ... ..5-2
Power Management .......................................................................................................5-3
Power Timer .............................................................................................................5-3
Configuring UPS Battery Low Shutdown ............................................................ ... ..5-3
Wake-On-LAN ........................................ ...................................................... ............5-3
Viewing System Status ...................................................................................................5-4
Health .............................. ................................ ................................. ........................ 5-4
Logs .........................................................................................................................5-5
System Shutdown and File System Check .....................................................................5-6
Volume Maintenance ......................................................................................................5-6
Appendix A
Default Settings
Appendix B
Share Access from MAC and Linux Systems
MAC OS X ..................................................................................................................... B-1
AFP over Bonjour .................................................................................................... B-2
AFP over AppleTalk ................................................................................................. B-3
MAC OS 9 ..................................................................................................................... B-5
Accessing Shares from Linux/Unix ................................................................................ B-7
Appendix C
X-RAID2 and RAID
The Benefits of X-RAID2 ............................................................................................... C-1
X-RAID2 Is Auto-Expandable RAID ........................................................................ C-1
Simplified Redundancy ...........................................................................................C-1
Easy Volume Expansion .........................................................................................C-2
Overview of RAID ..........................................................................................................C-2
RAID Basics ............................................................................................................ C-3
RAID Levels ............................................................................................................ C-3
Index
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About This Manual
The NETGEAR® ReadyNAS 3200 Software Manual describes how to configure and manage a
ReadyNAS 3200 system. The information in this manual is intended for readers with intermediate
computer and networking skills.
Conventions and Formats
The conventions, formats, and scope of this manual are described in the following paragraphs:
• Typographical Conventions. This manual uses the following typographical conventions:
• Formats. This manual uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Italic Emphasis, books, CDs, file and server names, extensions
Bold User input, IP addresses, GUI screen text
Fixed Command prompts, CLI text, code
italic URL links
Note: This note highlights information of importance or special interest.
Tip: This note highlights a procedure that will save time or resources.
Warning: This note warns against a malfunction or damage to the equipment.
Danger: This safety warning warns against personal injury or death.
ReadyNAS 3200 Software Manual
viii About This Manual
v1.0, June 2009
Software Manual Revision History
Part Number
Version
Number
Publication
Date
Description
202-10551-01 1.0 June 2009 First publication
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Chapter 1
Getting Acquainted
This chapter provides an overview of the features and capabilities of the ReadyNAS 3200. It also
covers the unit’s physical features, main software, and initial setup steps.
Topics discussed in this chapter include:
• “What is the ReadyNAS 3200?”
• “The Benefits of X-RAID2”
• “Initial Setup and Default Login”
• “The RAIDar Setup Utility”
• “The FrontView Management Console”
What is the ReadyNAS 3200?
NETGEAR ReadyNAS gigabit network storage products provide small and medium sized
businesses with easy-to-use, high-performance network attached storage solutions to share and
protect critical data. Housed in a compact rack mount form factor, the ReadyNAS 3200 supports
up to 12 SATA I or SATA II hard drives via hot-swappable disk trays. Two USB 2.0 ports enable
the connection of USB drives. Based on current drive capacities, the ReadyNAS provides up to
24TB of network attached storage that can easily be expanded as larger capacity drives become
available.
The ReadyNAS enables users across the LAN, WAN, or over the Internet to back up and share
data from Windows, Macintosh, and Linux syst ems. ReadyNAS offers extensible robust highavailability data protection. Its fail-safe features include dual redundant Gigabit Ethernet ports,
support for RAID 0, 1, 5, and 6 plus hot spare, and NETGEAR’s proprietary X-RAID2
TM
for
automatic volume expansion. You can also allocate iSCSI target volumes on a ReadyNAS 3200.
ReadyNAS includes the built-in FrontView Web based graphical user interface and setup wizard
for ease-of-use and setup. ReadyNAS continually monitors the entire system for abnormal
situations or part failures. Status indicators in the hardware and software provide quick system
status readings. It e-mails the network administrator alerts about critical changes in the system.
Also, developers can use the Frontview Add-on SDK to uniquely extend ReadyNAS capabilities.
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The NETGEAR ReadyNAS Community web site is http://readynas.com, where you will find
reviews of new features, tutorials, software updates, documentation, an active user forum and
much more. For a full list of what is new compared with existing ReadyNAS systems, see
ReadyNAS Specifications on ReadyNAS.com.
The Benefits of X-RAID2
X-RAID2 is a proven patent-pending technology that is available only on ReadyNAS. The
ReadyNAS 3200 supports both X-RAID2, the second generation version of X-RAID, and
RAID 0/1/5/6.
A major advantage of X-RAID2 is its ability to automatically expand to include the full space of
new disks. When as little as two of your disks have extra capacity, the data volume will
automatically expand its capacity. The capacity of the data volume increases every time you add a
larger disk, regardless of the capacity of the other disks in the system. X-RAID2 lets you do this
without reformatting your disks and shuffling your data back and forth. The process occurs in the
background, so access to the ReadyNAS 3200 is not interrupted. Furthermore, X-RAID2 supports
multiple parity which provides protection against two simultaneous disk failures. For more on
X-RAID2 and RAID, see Appendix C, “X-RAID2 and RAID”.
Initial Setup and Default Login
Follow the instructions in the NETGEAR Installation Guide that came with your unit to install it.
An electronic copy of the installation guide is on the product CD, on the NETGEAR web site, and
on http://readynas.com. For a list of supported disks, go to http://www.readynas.com/hcl.
Refer to Appendix B, “Share Access from MAC and Linux Systems” for instructions on accessing
shares from Linux and various versions of the MAC OS.
The default IP configuration is set to DHCP; if the unit does not get an IP address, it defaults to
192.168.168.168. The default administrator user name is admin with the default password being
netgear1 (case sensitive).
Note: The RAIDar utility can discover any ReadyNAS on the network without needing
its IP address.
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The RAIDar Setup Utility
The RAIDar utility enables easy setup and management of all your ReadyNAS units.
It discovers the units in the network, and makes it easy to see the status of the units, and connect to
the FrontView management console you use to manage any ReadyNAS. When you select a
ReadyNAS from the list and click the Setup button, RAIDar opens your default browser, connects
you to the selected ReadyNAS, which prompts you for the user name and password you will use to
log in to FrontView. The default administrator user name is admin with the default password
being netgear1 (case sensitive).
Figure 1-1
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The FrontView Management Console
The FrontView management console operates in two modes: Setup Wizard mode, and Advanced
Control mode. When the unit is in its factory default state, FrontView opens in Setup Wizard
mode.
Use the wizard to perform the initial configuration of the unit. The FrontView Advanced Control
mode provides access to all the available settings. In this mode, you see the menus on the left that
allow you to quickly jump to the screen you want.
The bar at the top provides options to return to the Home screen, refresh the browser window,
display Help where available, or to log out of this session.
Figure 1-2
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At the bottom of the screen is the status bar including the date button on the left which, when
clicked takes you to the Clock screen. The status lights to the right give a quick glimpse of the
system status.
Move the mouse pointer over the status light to display device information, or click a status light to
open the related FrontView screen.
Figure 1-3
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Chapter 2
Managing Your ReadyNAS 3200
Setting up and managing the ReadyNAS 3200 Network Attached Storage System in your network
is described in this chapter. This chapter contains the following sections:
• “Customizing Network Settings”
• “Updating the Admin Password”
• “Selecting Services for Share Access”
• “Understanding Volume Management”
• “Adjusting System Settings”
• “Configuration Backup”
Customizing Network Settings
To access network settings, click a the Advanced Control button to display the main menu, then
select Network >. From the Network menu, you can access the configuration pages for network
settings.
Figure 2-1
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Ethernet Interfaces
Select Network > Interfaces > Ethernet 1 /Ethernet 2 tab pages to specify network interfacespecific settings for Standard Settings, Teaming/Failover, VLAN, and Performance Settings.
Standard Setting
In this section, you can specify the IP address, network mask, speed/duplex mode, and MTU
settings. In most networks where a DHCP server is enabled, you can simply specify the Use values
from a DHCP server option to automatically set the IP address and network mask.
• IP Assignment. Select either Use values from a DHCP server or Use values below.
– If you elect to assign the IP address using Use values from a DHCP server, NETGEAR
advises that you set the lease time on the DHCP server/router to a value of at least a day.
Otherwise, you might notice that the IP address of the unit changes even when it has been
powered down for only a few minutes. Most DHCP servers allow you to assign a static IP
address for specified MAC addresses. If you have this option, this would be a good way to
ensure your ReadyNAS 3200 maintains the same IP address even in DHCP mode.
– If you assign a static IP address by selecting Use values below, be aware that the browser
will lose connection to the ReadyNAS 3200 device after the IP address has been changed.
To reconnect after assigning a static IP address, open RAIDar and click Rescan to locate
the device, and then reconnect.
Figure 2-2
Tip: Reserve an IP address for the MAC address of this Ethernet interface in
your DHCP server (or router). This will give you the stability of a fixed IP
address without the effort of maintaining static addresses.
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• MTU. In some network environments, changing the default MTU value can fix throughput
problems. NETGEAR advises that you leave the default setting otherwise.
Teaming/Failover
In this section, you can select the desired bonding mode. Network teaming provides a way to
aggregate the two network interfaces into a single logical teamed, or bonded, interface. The
teamed interface can provide for enhanced aggregate performance over a logical single interface
while allowing for fail-over support that reduces the number of single points of failure in the
network.
If you plan to use the Teaming/Failover option, connect both interfaces, configure the
T eamin g/Failover options on the Ethernet 1 tab page , then configure the other options for Ethern et
1 and Ethernet 2 accordingly.
The following teaming/fail over options are available.
Figure 2-3
Note: If you plan to reserve an IP address in your DHCP server for the ReadyNAS and
will use the Teaming/Failover option, complete the ReadyNAS bonding of the
Ethernet interfaces before updating the DHCP server address reservation table.
Figure 2-4
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• Round-Robin: Transmit packets in sequential order from the first available interface to the
next. This mode provides load balancing and fault tolerance.
• Active Backup: Only one interface in the bond is active. A different interface becomes active
if, and only if, the active interface fails. The MAC address of the bonded interface is externally
visible on only one port to avoid confusing the switch.
• XOR: Transmit based on the default simple transmit hash policy (one, or the other but not
both). This mode provides load balancing and fault tolerance.
• Broadcast: Transmit everything on all slave interfaces. This mode provides fault tolerance.
• IEEE 802.3ad LACP: Creates aggregation groups that share the same speed and duplex
settings. Utilizes all interfaces in the active aggregator according to the 802.3ad specification.
• T ransmit Load Balancing: Channel bonding that does not require any special switch support.
The outgoing traffic is distributed according to the current load (computed relative to the
speed) on each interface. Incoming traffic is received by the current interface. If the receiving
interface fails, another interface takes over the MAC address of the failed receiving interface.
• Adaptive Load Balancing: Includes Transmit Load Balancing plus Receive Load Balancing
for IPV4 traffic, and does not require any special switch support. The receive load balancing is
achieved by ARP negotiation.
Note: To get the full performance benefit of an option, provision servers with dual
Ethernet interfaces, and verify that the LAN switch supports the feature that a
ReadyNAS teaming option may require. A mismatch between the LAN switch and
a ReadyNAS teaming option could degrade the throughput of the ReadyNAS.
Note: To use this option, the switch to which the ReadyNAS connects must support
IEEE 802.3ad LACP dynamic link aggregation. If the switch supports this
feature, this is the recommended option.
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VLAN Settings (Virtual Local Area Network)
In this section, you can specify whether to allow devices residing on different segments of a LAN
to appear in the same segment or, conversely, to allow devices on the same switch to behave as
through they belong to a different LAN.
If you wish to use the ReadyNAS 3200 in a VLAN environment, select the Enable VLAN
support check box, and enter a numeric VLAN ID. You need to reboot the ReadyNAS 3200 for
the VLAN function to take effect.
Performance Settings
In this section, you can the Enable jumbo frames option allows you to optimize the ReadyNAS
3200 for large data transfers.
Figure 2-5
Warning: Do not enable VLAN support unless you are sure that your clients also
support VLAN. Otherwise, you can lose network access to the unit, and you
might need to reinstall the firmware to disable the VLAN setting.
Figure 2-6
Note: Use this option only if your NICs and your gigabit switch support jumbo frames.
The ReadyNAS 3200 supports a 9000 byte frame size. For optimal performance, a
switch capable of this frame size or larger should be used.
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Global Network Settings
Hostname
The Hostname you specify is used to advertise the ReadyNAS 3200 on your network. Y ou can use
the hostname to address the ReadyNAS 3200 in place of the IP address when accessing the
ReadyNAS 3200 from Windows, or over OS X using SMB. This is also the name that appears in
the RAIDar scan list.
The default hostname is nas- followed by the last three bytes of its primary MAC address.
Default Gateway
The Default Gateway specifies the IP address of the system where your network traffic is routed if
the destination is outside your subnet. In most homes and smaller offices, this is the IP address of
the router connected to the cable modem or your D SL ser vic e.
If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the Default Gateway field is
automatically populated with the setting from your DHCP server. If you selected the Static opt ion,
you can manually specify the IP addresses of the default gateway server here.
DNS Settings
The DNS area allows you to specify up to three Domain Name Service servers for hostname
resolution. The DNS service translates host names into IP addresses.
Figure 2-7
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If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet or Wireless tab, the Domain Name Server fields
are automatically populated with the DNS settings from your DHCP server. If you selected the
Static option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the DNS servers and the domain name
here.
WINS
A WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service) server allows the ReadyNAS 3200 or other devices
on the network to be browsed from other subnets. This can be useful if you wish to browse by
hostname across multiple subnets (for example, over VPN).
You can specify the WINS server IP address, or you make the ReadyNAS your WINS server.
DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) service simplifies management of a network by
dynamically assigning IP addresses to new clients on the network. The DHCP tab allows you to
specify this device as a DHCP server.
Figure 2-8
Figure 2-9
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Select the Enable DHCP service check box if you want the ReadyNAS 3200 device to act as a
DHCP server. This is convenient in networks where DHCP service is not already available.
Route: A Manual Routing Table
The Route tab allows you to specify a manual routing table for each Ethernet interface. You can
use this option to optimize performance. For example, you could configure a manual routing table
to assure that these Ethernet interfaces were directly routed over a fiber backbone to assure that the
unit would not experience the traffic congestion that can build up on a gigabit segment.
Updating the Admin Password
The Security tab allows you to set the administrator password, administer security, and set up the
password recovery feature on the ReadyNAS.
The Admin Password tab allows you to change the administrator user password. The administrator
user is the only user that can access FrontView, and this user has administrative privileges when
accessing shares. Be sure to set a password different from the default password, and make sure that
Note: These options are available only if this device is not already using a DHCP address.
Enabling DHCP service on a network already utilizing another DHCP server will
result in conflicts. If you wish to use this device as a DHCP server, make sure to
specify static addresses in the Ethernet and DNS tabs.
Figure 2-10
Note: The RAIDar utility includes a discovery mechanism that enables it to find any
ReadyNAS on the network without needing to know its IP address. Also, RAIDar
does not require a user name and password to monitor a ReadyNAS.
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this password is kept in a safe place. Anyone who obtains this password can change or erase the
data on the ReadyNAS.
As a safeguard, you are reques ted to ente r a password recovery question, the expected answer , and
an e-mail address. If, in the future, you forget the password, you can go to
https://<ReadyNAS ip_address> /password_recovery. Successfully answering the questions there
resets the Admin Password, which is sent to the e-mail address you enter on this screen.
Figure 2-11
Note: In User or Domain security mode, you can use the admin account to log in to a
Windows share, and perform maintenance on any file or folder in that share. The
admin user also has permission to access all shares to perform backups.
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Selecting Services for Share Access
Three types of services are available: Standard File Protocols, Discovery Services, and Installed
Add-ins such as streaming services. These different services are explained in the following
sections.
Standard File Protocols
The standard file protocols are common file-sha ring services that allow your workst ation clients to
transfer files to and from the ReadyNAS 3200 using built-in file manager-over -network file
protocols supported by the client operating sys tem.
The available services are:
• CIFS (Common Internet File Service). Sometimes referred to as SMB. This protocol is used
mainly by Microsoft Windows clients, and sometimes by Mac OS X clients. Under Windows,
when you click on My Network Places Network Neighborhood, you are going across CIFS.
This service is enabled by default and cannot be disabled.
• NFS (Network File Service). NFS is used by Linux and Unix clients. Mac OS 9/X users can
access NFS shares as well through console shell access. The ReadyNAS 3200 supports NFS
v3 over UDP and TCP.
Figure 2-12
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• AFP (Apple File Protocol). Mac OS 9 and OS X works best using this protocol as it handles
an extensive character set. However, in mixed PC and Mac environments, it is advisable to use
CIFS/SMB, unless enhanced character set support is necessary on the Mac.The ReadyNAS
3200 supports AFP 3.1.
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol). Widely used in public file upload and download sites.
ReadyNAS 3200 supports anonymous or user access for FTP clients, regardless of the security
mode selected. If you wish, you can elect to set up port forwarding to nonstandard ports for
better security when accessing files over the Internet.
• HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol). Used by Web browsers. ReadyNAS 3200 supports
HTTP file manager, allowing Web browsers to read and write to shares using the W eb browser.
This service can be disabled in lieu of HTTPS to allow for a more secure transmission of
passwords and data. With the option to redirect default Web access to a specified share, you
can transparently force access to http://readynas_ip to http://readynas_ip/share. This is
useful if you do not want to expose your default share listing page to outsiders. All you need in
the target share is an index file such as index.htm or index.html. You have the option of
enabling or disabling login authentication to this share.
• HTTPS (HTTP with SSL encryption). This service is enabled by default and cannot be
disabled. Access to FrontView is strictly through HTTPS for this reason. If you want remote
Web access to FrontView or your HTTPS shares, you can specify a nonstandard port (default
is 443) that you can forward on your router for better security . You can also regenerate the SSL
key based on the hostname or IP address that users will use to address the ReadyNAS 3200.
This allows you to bypass the default dummy certificate warnings whenever users access the
ReadyNAS 3200 over HTTPS.
• Rsync. An extremely popular and efficient form of incremental backup made popular in the
Linux platform but now available for various other Unix systems as well as Windows and
Mac. Enabling rsync service on the ReadyNAS 3200 allows clients to use rsync to initiate
backups to and from the ReadyNAS 3200.
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Discovery Services
Bonjour and UPnP discovery services are included with theReadyNAS 3200. Additional services
that you download and install from www.readynas.com are listed in the Add-ons tab page.
• Bonjour service provides a simple way of discovering various services on the ReadyNAS
3200. Bonjour currently provides an easy way to connect to FrontView, IPP printing, and AFP
services. OS X has built-in Bonjour support, and you can download Bonjour for W indows
from Apple’s website.
• UPnP provides a means for UPnP-enabled clients to discover the ReadyNAS 3200 on your
LAN.
Figure 2-13
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Understanding Volume Management
The ReadyNAS 3200 family offers two RAID volume technologies: Flex-RAID, utilizing the
industry-standard RAID levels 0, 1, 5 and 6; and X-RAID2, the NETGEAR-patented expandable
RAID technology.
Your system comes preconfigured with X-RAID2. However, you can switch between the two
modes through a factory default reset process described in the ReadyNAS 3200 Hardware
Manual.” For more on X-RAID2 and RAID, see Appendix C, “X-RAID2 and RAID”.
Advantages of X-RAID2 and Flex-RAID
There are advantages to both technologies.
•Flex-RAID:
– The default volume can be deleted and re-created, with or without snapshot reserved
space.
– Hot spare disk is supported.
– Full volume management is available. You can create RAID level 0, 1, 5 or 6 volumes,
specify the volume size, delete a disk from a volume, assign a hot spare, and so on.
– Multiple volumes are supported, each with a different RAID level, snapshot schedule and
disk quota definition.
Figure 2-14
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– Each disk can be replaced, one by one, then rebuilt; after the last disk is replaced, another
data volume using the newly added capacity can be configured.
• X-RAID2:
– One-volume technology, but supports volume expansion, either with the addition of more
disks or the replacement of an existing disk with larger capacity disks.
– You can start out with one disk, and add more disks as you need them or can afford them.
– Volume management is automatic. Add a second disk, and it becomes a mirror to the first.
Add a third disk and your capacity doubles; add a fourth, and your capacity triples—the
expansion occurring while redundancy is maintained.
– In the future, you will be able to replace disks, one at a time, have each one finish
rebuilding and, after new redundant space becomes available, your volume will
automatically expand to utilize the new capacity.
Volume Management for Flex-RAID
If you want to reconfigure the default Flex-RAID volume C, split it into multiple volumes, specify
a different RAID level, or specify a larger reserved space for snapshots, you need to reconfigure
your volume. The first step is to delete the existing volume you want to replace.
Deleting a Volume
To delete a volume, select the Volume tab of the volume you wish to delete (if there are multiple
volumes) and click Delete Volume (in this case only Volume C is configured).
Warning: Make sure that you back up the files you wish to keep before deleting a
volume. All shares, files, and snapshots residing on that volume will be
deleted and are non-recoverable!
Figure 2-15
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Managing Your ReadyNAS 3200 2-15
v1.0, June 2009
You are asked to confirm your intention by typing DELETE VOLUME.
Adding a Volume
After deleting the volume, the Add Volume tab lists the available configurable space on the hard
disks. All the disks are selected by default. You can specify a hot spare disk if you wish. A hot
spare remains in standby mode and automatically regenerates the data from a failed disk from the
volume. A hot spare disk is available for RAID level 1 and RAID level 5 only if there are enough
disks to fulfill the required minimum plus one.
.
To add a volume:
1. Select the hard disks. In this example, we select the first three disks and elect not to specify
any of them as a hot spare.
2. Select the RAID level. RAID level determines how the redundancy, capacity utilization, and
performance are implemented for the volume. Typically in a configuration of three or more
disks, RAID level 5 is recommended.
In our example, we selected RAID level 5 for the three selected disks.
Figure 2-16
Figure 2-17
ReadyNAS 3200 Software Manual
2-16 Managing Your ReadyNAS 3200
v1.0, June 2009
3. Specify the reserve space for a snapshot. Next, select the percentage of the volume you wish to
allocate for snapshots. You can specify 0 if you wish to disable snapshot capability, or you can
specify a percentage in 5 percent increments from 5 to 50 percent.
The percentage represents the amount of data you think changes while the snapshot is active.
This typically depends on how often you schedule your snapshot to occur (see “MAC OS X
Time Machine Backup” on page 4-9), and the maximum amount of data (plus padding) you
think changes during that time. Make sure to allocate enough space for a worst case as the
snapshot becomes unusable when its reserved space runs out.
In our example, we selected 10 percent of the volume to be reserved for snapshots.
4. Specify the desired volume size. After you specify the volume parameters, enter the
appropriate volume size—if you wish to configure a smaller volume size than the maximum
displayed. The resulting volume will be approximately the size that is specified.
5. Click Apply, and wait for the instruction to reboot the system. It typically takes about 1 minute
before you are notified to reboot.
After rebooting, you are notified by e-mail when the volume has been added. Use RAIDar to
reconnect to the NAS device.
RAID Settings
After you have added a volume, you can return to the Volume tab and click the RAID Settings tab
to display the current RAID information and configuration options for the volume.
Note: If you do not reserve any space for snapshots, the snapshot tab is not displayed
in the Volume tab.
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