Netgear RN12P0620 Installation Manual

ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Software Manual

x86 Models:
1500

2100
3100
3200
4200

Pro 2
Pro 4
Pro 6

NVX
Pro Business

350 East Plumeria Drive
San Jose, CA 95134
USA

November 2013
202-10629-07

ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

© 2011 NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated

into any language in any form or by any means without the written permission of NETGEAR, Inc.

Technical Support

Thank you for choosing NETGEAR. To register your product, get the latest product updates, or get support online,
visit us at http://support.netgear.com.

Phone (US & Canada only): 1-888-NETGEAR
Phone (Other Countries): See Support information card.

Trademarks

NETGEAR, the NETGEAR logo, and Connect with Innovation are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of
NETGEAR, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. Information is subject to change
without notice. © 2011 NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.

Statement of Conditions

To improve internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes
to the products described in this document without notice. NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur
due to the use, or application of, the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

2

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Getting Acquainted

What is the NETGEAR ReadyNAS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

ReadyNAS Community Website. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Initial Setup and Default Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

RAIDar Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

RAIDar Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

RAIDar LED Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

FrontView Management Console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Chapter 2 Managing Your ReadyNAS System

Customizing Network Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Ethernet Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Global Network Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

WINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

DHCP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Setting Up Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Updating the Admin Password. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Security Access Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Selecting Services for Share Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Standard File Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Discovery Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Add-Ons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Add New. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Adjusting System Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Alerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Performance Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Language Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Configure Backup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Understanding Volume Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

X-RAID2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Flex-RAID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

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Changing between X-RAID2 and Flex-RAID Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

USB Volumes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

iSCSI Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Chapter 3 Manage User Accounts

Setting Security Access Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

User Security Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Domain Security Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Setting Up User and Group Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Managing Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Managing Groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Importing User Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Importing Group Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Exporting User Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

Exporting Group Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Changing User Passwords. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Chapter 4 Manage & Access Shares

Managing Shares. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Adding Shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Fine-Tuning Share Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

Setting Share Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Advanced Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Accessing Shares from a Web Browser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Accessing Shares from Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Accessing Shares from Mac OS X. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

AFP over Bonjour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

AFP over AppleTalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Accessing Shares from Mac OS 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Accessing Shares through FTP/FTPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Accessing Shares from Linux/Unix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Remote Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

ReadyNAS Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Remote FTP Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Remote HTTP/HTTPS Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Chapter 5 Backing Up Your Data

Configuring Backup Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Adding a New Backup Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Viewing the Backup Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Viewing the Backup Log. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Editing a Backup Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Time Machine Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Snapshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Taking and Scheduling Snapshots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Resizing Snapshot Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

ReadyNAS Vault Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Enabling Rsync and Specifying Rsync Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

Chapter 6 Optimization and Maintenance

Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Adding a UPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107

Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Disk Spin-Down Option. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Power Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Configuring UPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

APC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Wake-on-LAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Viewing System Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

System Shutdown and File System Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Volume Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Updating ReadyNAS Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Updating Direct from the NETGEAR Web Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Updating from a Local Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Restoring the Factory Default Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Appendix A Understanding RAID

Understanding RAID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

RAID Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

RAID Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

The Benefits of X-RAID2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

X-RAID2 Is Auto-expandable RAID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Simplified Redundancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Easy Volume Expansion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Flex-RAID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Appendix B Notification of Compliance
Index

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1. Getting Acquainted

ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

1

This NETGEAR® ReadyNAS® for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17 software manual describes how to

configure and manage a ReadyNAS system.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• What is the NETGEAR ReadyNAS?

• Initial Setup and Default Login

• Initial Setup and Default Login

• RAIDar Utility

• FrontView Management Console

Note: This manual documents common software features installed on

most ReadyNAS business product models and is based on firmware
v4.2.17. Variations per model are noted, as necessary.

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

What is the NETGEAR ReadyNAS?

NETGEAR® ReadyNAS® for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17 network storage products provide
businesses and home users with easy-to-use, high-performance gigabit network attached
storage (NAS) solutions used to share and protect data.

ReadyNAS systems enable users across the LAN, or WAN, or over the Internet to back up
and share data from Windows, Macintosh, and Linux systems.

Offering extensible, high-availability data protection, ReadyNAS systems come with robust,
fail-safe features that can include:

• ECC memory that safeguards data from single-bit errors in memory (3100, 3200,

4200)

• Support for RAID 0, 1, 5, and 6, plus hot spare (RAID 6 on Pro, 3200, and 4200)

• Dual redundant Gigabit Ethernet ports

• NETGEAR’s proprietary X-RAID2TM for automatic volume expansion

• Redundant power supplies (3100, 3200, and 4200)

In addition to providing NAS functionality, on selected ReadyNAS units you can set up iSCSI
volumes so that the ReadyNAS can simultaneously act as a SAN (storage area network).

Your ReadyNAS continually monitors the entire system for abnormal situations or failures.
Status indicators provide quick hardware and software status readings, and email alerts
inform you about critical events in the system.

Additionally, with the FrontView Management Console, the ReadyNAS can be customized
with a wealth of add-on features developed by NETGEAR, NETGEAR’s partners, and the
ReadyNAS development community.

ReadyNAS Community Website

For more information about NETGEAR ReadyNAS products, visit the dedicated ReadyNAS
Community Web site at http://readynas.com where you will find reviews, tutorials, a
comparison chart, software updates, documentation, an active user forum, and much more.

Getting Acquainted

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Initial Setup and Default Login

Follow the instructions on the ReadyNAS Installation Guide that came with your unit to install
your ReadyNAS system. An electronic copy of the installation guide is located on the product
CD. You can also find it on the NETGEAR website, and on the ReadyNAS Community
support page at

If you have a diskless ReadyNAS unit, you must first install and format at least one disk
before you can use the RAIDar setup utility or FrontView Management Console. For more
information, see the appropriate hardware manual for your unit:

• ReadyNAS Ultra, Ultra Plus, and Pro Series Hardware Manual

• ReadyNAS Rack-Mount Hardware Manual

These manuals are available on the ReadyNAS Community support page at

http://readynas.com/documentation.

For a list of supported disks, see http://readynas.com/hcl.

http://readynas.com/documentation.

RAIDar Utility

RAIDar is a discovery tool that recognizes ReadyNAS devices on your network and enables
easy setup and management of all your ReadyNAS units. Install it on a computer that is
connected to the same local area network (LAN) as your ReadyNAS unit. The RAIDar utility
is included on the Resource CD that came with your unit. It includes versions for Windows,
Mac, and Linux operating systems. It is also available at

Launch the RAIDar utility. It automatically finds the device or devices on the network without
needing their IP addresses, and makes it easy to see the status of your units. You should see
your ReadyNAS device or devices listed.

The default IP configuration is set to DHCP; if the unit does not get an IP address, it defaults
to 192.168.168.168.

http://readynas.com/start.

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Note: If you are running RAIDar on Windows XP before SP2, disable the

Internet connection firewall.

Setup button

Rescan button

If no ReadyNAS device is detected, check the following and click Rescan to try again:

• Make sure the ReadyNAS device has power and is connected to your network.

• Make sure the PC running RAIDar is on the same subnet as the ReadyNAS device.

To view one of the ReadyNAS systems, select it from the
list and click the Setup button. RAIDar opens your default
browser and connects you to the selected ReadyNAS.

ou are prompted for your user name and password.

Y

• Default administrator user name: admin

• Default password: netgear1

Both user name and password are case sensitive.
When you are logged in, the RAIDar utility connects to the

FrontV

iew Management Console, which you use to
configure and manage your ReadyNAS systems. You can
change the default password to a more secure password
once you are in FrontView.

Getting Acquainted

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

RAIDar Commands

Table 1. RAIDar Utility Commands

Command Description
Setup Setup launches the FrontV

iew Management Console for the
selected device. FrontView is a Web-based utility used to set
up, configure and manage your devices. If this is a first-time
installation, or the device has been reset to factory default,
the setup wizard launches so you can configure the device.

Browse Click Browse to see the shares available on the highlighted

device.

This only works with Windows 2000 and newer

operating systems.

Rescan Rescan updates the ReadyNAS device list and status.
Locate Locate causes the LEDs on the ReadyNAS device to blink.

This is useful if you have multiple ReadyNAS devices and
you need to correlate the RAIDar entries to physical devices.

About This menu option displays information about RAIDar.
Help This menu option launches the help screen.
Exit This menu option exits the RAIDar utility.

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

RAIDar LED Descriptions

The first LED column represents the global error status informing you if the ReadyNAS
device is in normal operating mode, or if it is in a warning or failure condition.

The other column displays device-specific information, allowing you to view exactly what
devices might need attention.

Note: Some LEDs are valid only for disk and volume

Table 2. LED Descriptions for RAIDar

.

LED Description

Not present Off: No disk or device is attached.
Normal Green: Device is in normal operating mode.
Warning or Dead Amber: The device has failed or is in a state where it

needs attention.

Inactive spare This disk is a spare disk on standby. If a disk fails, this

disk will automatically take over.

Awaiting resync Green: This disk is waiting to resync to the RAID volume.

Blinking Green:

The disk is in the process of resyncing.

During the resync process, the volume is in degraded
mode, which means performance is af

fected by the
resync process, and another disk failure in the volume will
render it dead.

Life support mode The volume has encountered multiple disk failures and is

in the state of being marked dead.
However, the ReadyNAS has blocked it from being

marked dead in case someone accidentally pulled out the
wrong disk during runtime.

If the wrong disk was pulled out, shut down the
ReadyNAS immediately

, reconnect the disk, and power
on the ReadyNAS. If you reconnect the disk during
runtime, the ReadyNAS will mark it as a newly added disk
and you will no longer be able to access the data on it.

Background task active Blue: The unit is running a lengthy background task, such

as a system update.

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

FrontView Management Console

After RAIDar discovers your ReadyNAS unit, highlight the unit and click the Setup button to

launch the FrontView Management Console. FrontView operates in two modes:

• Setup Wizard mode

• Advanced Control mode

Setup Wizard Mode

When the unit is installed for the first time, or is in its factory default state, FrontView opens in
Setup Wizard mode. The Setup Wizard guides you step-by-step through the configuration
process, assisting you in quickly integrating the ReadyNAS unit into your network.

Note: For the initial setup, NETGEAR recommends using the Setup

Wizard to ensure that all the necessary settings are configured.
FrontView will automatically switch to the Advanced Control mode
once the Setup Wizard has finished.

The Home screen provides detailed information about your unit.

Click here to switch between the
Smart Wizard and the Advanced Control modes

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Advanced Control Mode

The FrontView Advanced Control mode provides access to all available settings. In this
mode, the menu on the left allows you to quickly jump to the screen you want.

The bar at the top provides options to return to the Home screen, refresh the browser
window with the Refresh button, display help where available, and use the Logout button to
securely log out of a session.

Advanced Control

Main Menu options

Top buttons

Click here to return
to Wizard mode

Getting Acquainted

Status bar

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Status Bar

The status bar at the bottom of the screen gives a quick glimpse of the system status and
provides access to the following information:

• Date and Time. When clicked, the date button opens the Clock screen.

• V

olume. Indicates volume information.

• Disks. Indicates the channel, type and size of the installed disks.

• Fan. Indicates system and CPU RPMs.

• T

emperature. Indicates the operating temperature.

• PSU. Indicates the status of one or more power supplies.

• UPS. Indicates the UPS status.

Move your mouse over the status light to display device information, or click a status light to
open the related FrontV

iew screen.

Date and Time

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ReadyNAS for Business RAIDiator 4.2.17

Getting Acquainted

15

2. Managing Your ReadyNAS System

This chapter describes how to set up and manage the ReadyNAS Network Attached Storage

system on your network, and contains the following sections:

• Customizing Network Settings

• Setting Up Security

• Selecting Services for Share Access

• Add-Ons

• Adjusting System Settings

• Understanding Volume Management

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Customizing Network Settings

To access network settings, click the Advanced Control button on the bottom of the Smart
Wizard Home screen to open advanced control features, and display the main menu. Then
select Network to access the network settings configuration pages.

You can access ReadyNAS Network functionality from these screens, as described in the
following sections:

• Ethernet Interfaces on page 18.

• Global Network Settings on page 23.

• WINS on page 24.

• DHCP on page 24.

• Route on page 25.

Depending on your ReadyNAS model, the interface shows fewer or more Ethernet tabs.

Click here to switch to
Advanced Control mode

Main menu

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Ethernet Interfaces

To configure Ethernet interfaces, select Network > Interfaces. The default screen is the
Ethernet 1 screen. Use this screen to specify network interface-specific settings.

Standard Settings

Use this area to specify the IP address, network mask, speed/duplex mode, and MTU
settings.

IP Assignment

You can choose to use IPv4, IPv6, or both.

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From the IPv4 drop-down menu, select Use values from a DHCP server or Use values
below:

• Use values from a DHCP server

In most networks where a DHCP server is enabled, you can specify the Use values
from a DHCP server option to automatically set the IP address and network mask. If

you elect to assign the IP address using Use values from a DHCP server, NETGEAR
advises that you set the lease time on the DHCP server or router to a value of at least
1 day . Otherwise, you might notice that the IP address of the unit changes even when
it has been turned off for only a few minutes. Most DHCP servers allow you to map a
static IP address to a MAC address. If you have this option, this ensures that your
ReadyNAS maintains the same IP address, even in DHCP mode.

• Use values below

If you assign a static IP address by selecting Use values below, be aware that the
browser will lose connection to the ReadyNAS device after the IP address has been
changed. To reconnect after assigning a static IP address, open the RAIDar utility,
click Rescan to locate the device, and then reconnect.

Also note that you must take care to correctly enter the IP address. If you enter an
incorrect IP address, you cannot connect to your ReadyNAS system. To recover from
an incorrectly entered IP address, you must perform an OS reinstall reboot. For more
information, see the appropriate hardware manual for your system:

• ReadyNAS Ultra, Ultra Plus and Pro Series Hardware Manual

• ReadyNAS Rack-Mount Hardware Manual

These manuals are available at http://readynas.com/documentation.

From the IPv6 drop-down menu, select Use values from a DHCP server or Use values

below:

• Configure Automatically

In most networks where a DHCP server is enabled, you can specify the Configure
Automatically option to automatically set the IP address and network mask. If you

elect to assign the IP address automatically , values are obtained from a DHCP server .
In this case, NETGEAR advises that you set the lease time on the DHCP server or
router to a value of at least 1 day. Otherwise, you might notice that the IP address of
the unit changes even when it has been turned off for only a few minutes. Most DHCP
servers allow you to map a static IP address to a MAC address. If you have this
option, this ensures that your ReadyNAS maintains the same IP address, even in
DHCP mode.

• Use values below

If you assign a static IP address by selecting Use values below, be aware that the
browser will lose connection to the ReadyNAS device after the IP address has been
changed. To reconnect after assigning a static IP address, open the RAIDar utility,
click Rescan to locate the device, and then reconnect.

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Speed/Duplex Mode

NETGEAR advises that you keep the setting in an Auto-negotiation mode; however, if you
have a managed switch that works best when the devices are forced to a particular speed or
mode, you can select either the full-duplex or half-duplex setting as needed.

MTU

NETGEAR advises that you leave the default setting; however, in some network
environments, changing the default MTU value can fix throughput problems.

Teaming/Failover

You can use this area to combine two or more Ethernet interfaces into one. This allows your
ReadyNAS to pool the bandwidth provided by multiple Ethernet interfaces for use with one IP
address, potentially improving performance. This feature is called teaming. To use teaming,
your Ethernet cables must be connected to the same network switch and your network switch
must support teaming.

Another benefit of combining two or more Ethernet interfaces is that failover is supported.

With failover
Ethernet interfaces.

, if one Ethernet interface fails, traffic is automatically directed to the other

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ReadyNAS offers several options for teaming.

Note that the option you select might affect ReadyNAS network performance. On ReadyNAS
systems that support both 1GbE and 10GbE interfaces, avoid mixing different speeds within
a team to prevent performance fluctuation.

• Round-Robin.

Transmits packets in sequential order from the first available interface to

the next. This mode provides load balancing and fault tolerance.

• Active Backup. Only one interface in the team is active.

A different interface becomes
active if, and only if, the active interface fails. The team’s MAC address is externally
visible on only one port to avoid confusing the switch.

• XOR.

Transmits based on the default simple transmit hash policy. This mode provides

load balancing and fault tolerance.

• Broadcast.

Transmits everything on all slave interfaces. This mode provides fault

tolerance.

• IEEE 802.3ad LACP. Creates aggregation groups that share the same speed and duplex

settings. Utilizes all interfaces in the active aggregator according to the 802.3ad
specification.

• T

ransmit Load Balancing. Does not require any special switch support. The outgoing

You need a switch that supports IEEE 802.3ad dynamic link aggregation.

traffic is distributed according to the current load (computed relative to the speed) on
each interface. Incoming traffic is received by the current interface. If the receiving
interface fails, another interface takes over the MAC address of the failed receiving
interface.

• Adaptive Load Balancing. Includes transmit load balancing plus receive load balancing

for IPV4 traf

fic and does not require any special switch support. The receive load

balancing is achieved by ARP negotiation.

VLAN Settings

Use this section to specify whether or not to allow devices residing on different segments of a
LAN (Virtual Local Area Network), to appear in the same segment or, conversely, to allow
devices on the same switch to behave as through they belong to a different LAN.

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If you want to use the ReadyNAS in a VLAN environment, select the Enable VLAN support
check box, and enter a numeric VLAN ID. This requires a reboot of the ReadyNAS for the
VLAN function to take effect.

WARNING!

Do not enable VLAN support unless you are sure that your clients
also support VLAN. Otherwise, you can lose network access to
the unit, and you might need to reinstall the firmware to disable
the VLAN setting.

Performance Settings

The Enable jumbo frames option allows you to optimize the ReadyNAS for large data
transfers.

Use this option only if your NICs and your gigabit switch support jumbo frames. The
ReadyNAS supports up to a 9000 byte frame size. For optimal performance, a switch
capable of this frame size or larger should be used.

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Global Network Settings

Hostname

The hostname you specify is used to advertise the ReadyNAS on your network. You can use
the hostname to address the ReadyNAS in place of the IP address when accessing the
ReadyNAS from Windows, or over OS X using SMB. This name also appears in the RAIDar
scan list.

The default hostname is nas- followed by the last 3 bytes of its primary MAC address.

Default Gateway

The default gateway specifies the IP address of the system where your network traffic is
routed if the destination is outside your subnet. In most homes and smaller offices, this is the
IP address of the router connected to the cable modem, or your DSL service.

If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet screen, the default gateway field is
automatically populated with the setting from your DHCP server
option, you can manually specify the IP address of the default gateway server here.

. If you selected the static

DNS Settings

The DNS area allows you to specify up to three domain name service servers for hostname
resolution. The DNS service translates host names into IP addresses.

If you selected the DHCP option in the Ethernet screen, the Domain Name Server fields are
automatically populated with the DNS settings from your DHCP server. If you selected the
static option, you can manually specify the IP addresses of the DNS servers and the domain
name here.

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WINS

A Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) server allows the ReadyNAS or other devices

on the network to be browsed from other subnets. This is useful if you want to browse by
hostname across multiple subnets (for example, over VPN.

You can specify the WINS server IP address, or make the ReadyNAS your WINS server.

DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) service simplifies management of a network by
dynamically assigning IP addresses to new clients on the network. The DHCP screen allows
you to specify your ReadyNAS as a DHCP server.

Select the Enable DHCP service check box to make the ReadyNAS device act as a DHCP

. This is convenient in networks where DHCP service is not already available.

server

WARNING!

These options are available only if the device is not already using
a DHCP address. Enabling DHCP service on a network already
utilizing another DHCP server will result in conflicts. If you want to
use this device as a DHCP server, make sure to specify static
addresses in the Ethernet and DNS tabs.

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Route

Use the Route screen to specify a manual routing table for each Ethernet interface and to
optimize performance.

For example, you could configure a manual routing table to assure that these Ethernet
interfaces are directly routed over a fiber backbone and assure the unit does not experience
the traffic congestion that can build up on a gigabit segment.

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Setting Up Security

Use the Security screen to set the administrator password, administer security, and set up
the password recovery feature on the ReadyNAS.

Access ReadyNAS Security functionality from these tabs:

• Updating the Admin Password on page 26.

• Security Access Modes on page 27.

• Accounts on page 27.

Updating the Admin Password

The Admin Password screen allows you to change the administrator user password. The
administrator user is the only user who can access the FrontView Management Console, and
has administrative privileges when accessing shares.

Note: Be sure to set a password different from the default password and

keep it in a safe place. Anyone who obtains this password can
change settings or erase data stored on the ReadyNAS.

Note: In User or Domain security mode, you can use the admin account to

log in to a Windows share, and perform maintenance on any file or
folder in that share. The admin user also has permission to access
all shares to perform backups.

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As a safeguard, you are requested to enter a password recovery question, the expected
answer, and an email address. If, in the future, you forget the password, go to

https://<readynas ip_address>/password_recovery. Successfully answering the

questions resets the admin password, which is then sent to the email address you enter on
this screen.

Password Recovery

To recover a forgotten password:

There are two options for recovering or resetting a lost or compromised password:

1. In a W

be prompted for the email address and security question entered when you first set up
the system. A new password will be sent to you at that email.

2. Optionally

resets the admin username and password to the factory defaults admin and netgear1.
In a Web browser, enter:

http://readynas.com/forum/faq.php#How_do_I_re-install_the_firmware%3F

eb browser, enter https://<readynas ip_address>/password_recovery. You will

, you can reinstall the firmware, which does not remove data from the system, but

Security Access Modes

See Setting Security Access Modes on page 54.

Accounts

See Setting Up User and Group Accounts on page 58.

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Selecting Services for Share Access

Access ReadyNAS Services functionality from these tabs:

• Standard File Protocols on page 28.

• Discovery Services on page 30.

• Add-Ons on page 31.

Standard File Protocols

Standard file protocols are common file-sharing services that allow your workstation clients to
transfer files to and from the ReadyNAS.

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CIFS (Common Internet File Service)

Sometimes referred to as SMB, CIFS is used mainly by Microsoft Windows clients, and
sometimes by Mac OS X clients. Under Windows, My Network Places and Network
Neighborhood uses CIFS. This service is enabled by default.

NFS (Network File Service)

NFS is used by Linux and Unix clients. Mac OS 9/X users can access NFS shares through
console shell access. ReadyNAS supports NFS v3 over UDP and TCP.

AFP (Apple File Protocol)

Mac OS 9 and OS X work best using this protocol because it handles an extensive character
set. However, in a mixed PC and Mac environment, NETGEAR recommends CIFS/SMB over
AFP, unless enhanced character set support is necessary for the Mac. ReadyNAS supports
AFP 3.2.

FTP/FTPS (File Transfer Protocol and FTP with SSL encryption)

Widely used in public file upload and download sites. ReadyNAS supports anonymous or
user access for FTP clients, regardless of the security mode selected. You can elect to set up
port forwarding to nonstandard ports for better security when you access files over the
Internet. Alternately, use an FTPS client for secure and encrypted login and data transfers.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

ReadyNAS supports HTTP file manager, allowing read/write access to shares using the
browser. This service can be disabled in lieu of HTTPS to allow for a more secure
transmission of passwords and data. With the redirect option, access to http://readynas_ip
can be automatically redirected to a share. This is useful if you do not want to expose your
default share listing to outsiders. To redirect to a share, create an index file, such as
index.htm or index.html, in your target share. You can also enable or disable login
authentication to this share.

HTTPS (HTTP with SSL encryption)

This service is enabled by default and cannot be disabled. Access to FrontView is strictly
through HTTPS. If you want remote Web access to FrontView or your HTTPS shares, specify
a nonstandard port (the default is 443) that you can forward on your router for better security .
You can also regenerate the SSL key based on the hostname or IP address that users use to
address ReadyNAS. This allows you to bypass the default dummy certificate warnings
whenever users access the ReadyNAS over HTTPS.

Rsync

Rsync is an extremely popular and efficient form of incremental backup made popular on the
Linux platform, but is now available for various other Unix systems, as well as Windows and
Mac. Enabling Rsync service on the ReadyNAS allows clients to use Rsync to initiate
backups to and from the ReadyNAS.

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Discovery Services

Bonjour and UPnP discovery services are included with the ReadyNAS. You can download
and install additional services from the Add-ons page at http://readynas.com.

• Bonjour

Bonjour service lets you discover various services on the ReadyNAS and provides a
way to connect to FrontV
Bonjour support, and you can download Bonjour for Windows from Apple’s Web site.

• UPnP

UPnP (Universal Plug-n-Play) provides a means for UPnP-enabled clients to discover
the ReadyNAS on your LAN.

iew, IPP printing, and AFP services. OS X has built-in

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Add-Ons

You can access an array of new features and services by installing add-ons developed by
NETGEAR, NETGEAR’s partners, and community developers.

You can use FrontView to view add-ons that are currently installed on your ReadyNAS, to
browse for and install add-ons that are available through NETGEAR, and to install add-ons
that you downloaded from other sources.

To view and download additional ReadyNAS add-ons, visit http://readynas.com/addons and

http://readynas.com/community_addons.

Installed

To view installed add-ons, select Add-ons > Installed. A screen displays listing all add-ons
currently installed on your unit. To learn more about an installed add-on, click the More link to
display the add-on description. A detailed description of the add-on displays. To remove an
add-on, select the check box for the add-on you want to remove, click the Remove button,
and follow the prompts.

ReadyNAS comes preinstalled with the ReadyNAS Remote add-on.

The ReadyNAS Remote add-on allows secure, remote access to shares on your ReadyNAS
without complicated router or VPN setup.
File Explorer or from a Mac using Finder, you can easily drag and drop files into your LAN
environment.

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On Windows, you can map a ReadyNAS share to a drive letter, and access the share just as
you would any typical local drive on your PC.

To use ReadyNAS Remote, you need to enable the functionality and install a small client on
your Mac or PC. For more information, see Remote Access on page 83 or go to

http://readynas.com/remote

To enable ReadyNAS Remote:

1. Select the ReadyNAS Remote check box and click Save.

2. Click the Manage ReadyNAS Remote button to allow remote access to the ReadyNAS.

Available

To view and install add-ons that are available through NETGEAR, select Add-ons >

Available. A screen displays showing all add-ons available through NETGEAR.

To install an add-on, click the Install button. A download progress bar displays and you are
notified when the installation process is complete. The new add-on appears on the Installed
screen.

Add New

To install add-ons that you previously downloaded to your computer on your ReadyNAS unit,
select Add-ons > Add New. Browse to the add-on you want to upload and click the Upload

and verify image button.

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Adjusting System Settings

Use the System menu to adjust system settings and access
ReadyNAS system functionality described in the following sections:

• Clock on page 33.

• Alerts on page 34.

• Performance Settings on page 38.

• Language Settings on page 38.

• Update on page 39.

• Configure Backup on page 40.

• Power on page 40.

• Shutdown on page 40.

Clock

An accurate time setting are required to ensure proper file timestamps. To access the clock
screen select System > Clock from the main menu.

Select Timezone & Current Time

Use these two sections to set your T

NTP Option

You can synchronize the system time on the ReadyNAS with a remote NTP (Network Time
Protocol) server
closer to your locale. You can find available public NTP servers by searching online. For an
accurate clock sync, point the NTP server to the Domain IP.

. You can elect to keep the default servers or enter up to two NTP servers

ime zone and the correct Date and Time.

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Alerts

If you have specified email address in the contact list, you receive an email alert when a
system event that requires attention occurs. For example, a device or enclosure failure, a
quota violation, or low disk space warning will generate an email alert.

To access the Alerts screen select System >
additional configuration areas, described in the following sections:

• Contacts on page 34.

• Settings on page 35.

• SNMP on page 37.

Alerts from the main menu. This contains three

Contacts

Use the Contacts screen to specify up to three email addresses where system alerts will be
sent. The ReadyNAS device has a robust system monitoring feature and sends email alerts
anytime something appears to be wrong, or when a device has failed. Make sure to enter a
primary address and a backup address, if possible.

Use an email address tied to a mobile phone to monitor the device when you are away from
your desk.

To set up an email contact:

1. Select an option from a list of popular email providers.

2. Add the user name and password needed to authenticate with the SMTP server

In cases where the provider is not listed, click the
setting for your provider.

button to customize the SMTP

.

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Access additional
SMTP options

Settings

ReadyNAS devices are preconfigured with mandatory and optional alerts for various system
warnings and failures. Use the Settings screen to control the settings for optional alerts.

NETGEAR recommends that you keep all alerts enabled; however, you might choose to
disable an alert if you are aware of a problem and want to temporarily disable it.

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At the bottom of the screen in the Other Alert Settings section, there are additional options.

• Select the Power-off NAS when a disk fails or no longer responds option to

gracefully power of

f the ReadyNAS if a disk failure or disk remove event is detected.

• Select the Power-off NAS when disk temperature exceeds safe level to gracefully

power of

f the ReadyNAS when the disk temperature exceeds the nominal range.

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SNMP

ReadyNAS devices can be set to work with SNMP management systems, such as HP
OpenView or CA UniCenter, to monitor devices on your network.

To set up SNMP service:

1. Select the SNMP screen to display the SNMP settings.

2. Select the Enable SNMP service check box.

You can leave the Community field set to

public, or specify a private name if you have a more segregated monitoring scheme.

3. Enter a hostname or an IP address in the T

rap destination field. This is where all trap

messages will be sent. The following system events generate a trap:

• Abnormal power voltage

• Abnormal board enclosure temperature

• Fan failure

• UPS connected

• UPS detected power failure

• RAID disk sync started and finished

• RAID disk added, removed, and failure

• Snapshot invalidated

4. If you want to limit SNMP access to only a secure list of hosts, specify the hosts in the

Hosts allowed access field.

5. Click Apply to save your settings.

When you have saved the SNMP settings on the ReadyNAS, you can import the
NETGEAR SNMP MIB to your SNMP client application.

The NETGEAR MIB can be

obtained from the installation CD included with your unit, or downloaded from

http://readynas.com/download.

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Performance Settings

You can select from several options to tune your system for better performance. Keep in
mind that these options will introduce a slight risk of data corruption in case of a power failure,
so using a USP is highly recommended. For information on Performance settings, see

Chapter 6, Optimization and Maintenance, Performance on page 106.

Language Settings

To ensure proper display of file names, use the Language Setting screen to set the
ReadyNAS to the character set you want to use.

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For example, selecting Japanese allows the ReadyNAS to support file names with Japanese
names in Windows Explorer.

It is best to select the appropriate language based on the region where the device will be
operated.

Note: This option does not affect the FrontView display. To change the

language in FrontView, adjust the browser language option.

If you want, select the Allow Unicode for user
greater flexibility in non-English speaking regions. This option, once selected, cannot be
reversed.

Note: HTTP and WebDAV access do not work with Unicode user names.

Other restrictions might exist.

To convert the ReadyNAS character encoding specified in Unicode to the character encoding
used by your FTP client, select the Enable character encoding conversion for FTP clients
check box.

, group and share names check box for

Update

See Updating ReadyNAS Firmware on page 117.

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Configure Backup

Use this to set up a system configuration backup for replication purposes. See

http://readynas.com/configbackup for more detailed information.

See also, Configuring Backup Jobs on page 89.

Power

See Power Management on page 108.

Shutdown

See System Shutdown and File System Check on page 115.

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Understanding Volume Management

The ReadyNAS family offers the following volume technologies:

• X-RAID2 on page 41.

• Flex-RAID on page 43.

• USB Volumes on page 50.

• iSCSI Volumes on page 52.

X-RAID2

X-RAID2TM is the NETGEAR auto-expandable RAID technology that
allows you to expand your ReadyNAS capacity by adding additional
disks, or replacing existing disks with higher capacity disks.

With X-RAID2, you do not need to know intricate details about RAID, except that as you need
more space, your volume can grow without the need to reformat your drives or move your
data to another location. Because the expansion happens online, you can continue to use the
ReadyNAS while the underlying volume capacity increases.

In addition, if your six-bay or larger ReadyNAS unit is in X-RAID2 mode, you can configure it
to use added disks to expand storage space or to increase data protection.

To expand storage space when adding drives, in the Next added drive section, select the
Will be used to expand volume radio button. To increase data protection when adding
drives, select the Will be used to add dual redundancy radio button.

Note: The Next added drive section does not display for ReadyNAS units

with fewer than six drive bays.

Adding a Second Disk for Redundancy

With only one disk in your ReadyNAS, the X-RAID2 volume has no redundancy , and provides
no protection from disk failure. However, if and when you feel the need for redundancy, add a
new disk with at least the same the capacity as the first disk. You can elect to power off the
ReadyNAS and add the disk, or you can hot-swap the disk while the ReadyNAS is online.

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Depending on the size of the disk, within a few hours, your data volume will be fully
redundant. Since the process occurs in the background, you can continue to use the
ReadyNAS without interruption.

Adding More Disks

At a certain point, you will want more capacity. With typical RAID volumes, you have to back

up the data to another system (with enough space), add a new disk, reformat the RAID
volume, and restore the data back to the new RAID volume.

With X-RAID2, add the third disk using the ReadyNAS hot-swap disk tray. When adding
multiple disks at the same time, power down the ReadyNAS, add the disk(s), and turn the
unit back on. The X-RAID2 device initializes and scans the newly added disk(s) for bad
sectors. This is done in the background, so you can continue using the ReadyNAS while the
expansion proceeds. An email notice is sent when the volume has completed the expansion.

Replacing Disks for More Capacity

When more space is needed, but you are unable to install additional disks, you can still
expand the volume capacity by replacing the existing disks with higher capacity disks.

The ReadyNAS supports hot-swapping, so you can swap disks without turning off the unit.
Simply replace the first disk, and the ReadyNAS synchronizes the disk with data from the
removed disk. This process can take 30 minutes or longer, depending on disk capacity, but
you can continue to use the ReadyNAS while the new disk synchronizes. Upon completion,
replace the second disk with another higher capacity disk, and allow that disk to synchronize.
X-RAID2 expands the volume when a minimum of two disks are replaced. When you have
replaced the number of disks you want to replace (minimum of two), reboot the ReadyNAS to
initiate the background expansion. An email notice is sent when the volume has completed
the expansion.

Changing RAID Modes

X-RAID2 is the default technology used by ReadyNAS. However, for a more flexible option,
you can set ReadyNAS to Flex-RAID mode. This option allows you to assign a standard
RAID level so you specify a hot spare, and create multiple volumes.

The process involves setting the ReadyNAS back to Factory Default and using RAIDar to
configure the volume during a 10-minute delay during boot.

WARNING!

Setting the ReadyNAS to the factory default will erase all data.

For instruction on how to change RAID modes, see Changing between X-RAID2 and

Flex-RAID Modes on page 48.

For more about RAID, X-RAID2 and Flex-RAID, see Appendix A, Understanding RAID.

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Flex-RAID

Flex-RAID technology utilizes the industry-standard RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6 (on units with at
least 6 drive bays), and 10 (on units with at least 4 drive bays).

Flex-RAID advantages include:

• The default volume can be deleted and re-created, with or without snapshot reserved

space.

• Hot spare disk is supported.

• V

olume expansion without data loss is supported.

• Full volume management is available.

volumes, specify the volume size, delete a disk from a volume, assign a hot spare,
and so on.

• Multiple volumes are supported, each with a dif

and disk quota definition.

• Each disk can be replaced, one by one, then rebuilt; after the last disk is replaced,

another data volume using the newly added capacity can be configured.

You can create RAID level 0, 1, 5, or 6

ferent RAID level, snapshot schedule,

Volume Expansion

You can expand volumes in Flex-RAID mode without losing data.

To expand Flex-RAID volumes:

1. Select V

The Volume Settings screen displays.

2. In the Available Disks pane, select the Add To Volume check box for the disk where you

want to expand the volume.
A pop-up window displays advising you that the disk will be used for volume expansion

after you reboot your unit.

olume > Volume Settings.

3. Click the OK button.

The pop-up window closes.

4. Click the Apply button.

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A pop-up window displays advising you to reboot your unit.

5. Click the OK button.

The pop-up window closes.

6. Select System > Shutdown.

7. The Shutdown Options screen displays.

8. Select the Shutdown and reboot device radio button and click Apply.

Your unit begins to reboot. For more information about gracefully powering down your
unit, see System Shutdown and File System Check on page 115.

After your unit restarts, a pop-up window displays advising you that the volume expansion
process is under way

. Ensure that your unit is not interrupted during this process.

9. Click the OK button.

The pop-up window closes.
The RAID Configuration screen advises you of the volume expansion process’s progress.

10. The volume expansion process can take several hours. If you set up email notifications

for your unit, you will receive an email message when the expansion process completes.

Reconfigure Volume C

If you want to reconfigure the default Flex-RAID Volume C, split it into multiple volumes,
specify a different RAID level, or specify a larger reserved space for snapshots, you need to
reconfigure your volume. The process involves these high level steps:

1. Delete the volume that you want to reconfigure.

2. Add a volume.

3. Specify RAID settings.

These steps are explained in more detail in the following sections.

To delete a volume:

1. Select the V

volumes).

olume screen of the volume you want to delete (if there are multiple

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2. Click Delete Volume (in this case only Volume C is configured).

3. Y

ou are asked to confirm your intention by typing DELETE VOLUME.

WARNING!

Make sure that you back up the files you want to keep before
deleting a volume. All shares, files, and snapshots residing on
that volume will be deleted and are non-recoverable.

Adding a Volume

After deleting the volume, the Add Volume screen shows the available configurable space
on the physical disks. All disks are selected by default, and you can specify a hot spare disk
if you want. A hot spare remains in standby mode and automatically regenerates the data
from a failed disk from the volume. A hot spare disk is available for RAID level 1 and RAID
level 5 only if there are enough disks to fulfill the required minimum, plus one.

To add a volume:

1. Select the disks.

them are specified as a hot spare.

2. Select the RAID level .

performance are implemented for the volume. Typically in a configuration of three or more
disks, NETGEAR recommends RAID level 5. In the example, RAID level 5 is selected for
the disks.

The example shows that the first three disks are selected, and none of

This will determine how the redundancy, capacity utilization, and

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3. Specify the reserve space for a snapshot. Next, select the percentage of the volume you

want to allocate for snapshots. You can specify 0 if you want to disable snapshot capability,
or you can specify a percentage in 5 percent increments from 5 to 50 percent.

The percentage represents the amount of data you think changes while the snapshot is
active.

This typically depends on how often you schedule your snapshot to occur, and the
maximum amount of data (plus padding) you think changes during that time. Make sure
to allocate enough space for a worst case as the snapshot becomes unusable when its
reserved space runs out. In the example, 10 percent of the volume will be reserved for
snapshots.

If you do not reserve space for snapshots, the snapshot screen is not displayed in the

olume screen.

V

4. Specify the volume size. After you specify the volume parameters, enter the appropriate

volume size if you want to configure a smaller volume size than the maximum displayed.
The resulting volume will be approximately the size that is specified.

5. Click Apply, and wait for the instruction to reboot the system. It typically takes about 1

minute before you are notified to reboot.
After you reboot, an email notification is sent when the volume has been added. Use the

RAIDar utility to reconnect to the ReadyNAS device.

RAID Settings

After a volume is added, return to the V olume screen and click the RAID Settings screen to

display the current RAID information and configuration options for the volume.
Notice that the disk on Channel 4 that was not configured in the example is listed in the

Available Disks section. To add this disk as a hot spare click Make hot spare.

To remove a disk from the volume, click Remove. The volume will still be available but in a
non-redundant state. An additional disk failure would render this volume unusable.

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Note: The Remove operation is a maintenance feature. Do not use it in a

live environment. Its function is equivalent to hot-removing the disk
or simulating a disk failure.

The Locate option is a way to verify that a disk is correctly situated in the expected disk slot.
When clicked, it causes the disk LED to blink for 15 seconds. This is useful to identify a
specific disk.

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Changing between X-RAID2 and Flex-RAID Modes

RAID 0, 1, and 5 are part of the Flex-RAID RAID levels. To switch from Flex-RAID mode to
X-RAID2 (expandable RAID), you need to backup your data first, and then reset your
ReadyNAS back to factory default.

During the factory default process, you have a 10-minute window during the boot process to
click the Setup button in RAIDar
X-RAID2). The RAIDar utility sends a prompt to Click Setup during this 10-minute time
frame.

, and set the box to the desired RAID mode (Flex-RAID or

After selecting Flex-RAID, the system will create a RAID 1 volume automatically . You need to

delete the existing volume first:

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Once that's done, you should be able to select which type of RAID array you wish to create,
as well as which drives it should be created on:

After creating the volume, you will be prompted to restart the device before the volume is
added:

If you have already put data on it, and the RAID level is X-RAID2, you will need to backup
your data and start again.

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USB Volumes

The USB screen displays the USB
disk and flash devices connected to
the ReadyNAS, and
options for these devices. A flash
device appears as USB_FLASH_1,
and a disk device appears as
USB_HDD_1.

When no USB is attached, the “No
USB storage devices detected”
message displays.

When multiple devices are attached, they are appended by an increasing device number, for
example, USB_HDD_2.

When the device contains multiple partitions, the partitions are listed beneath the main device

.

entry

offers various

Partitions

Partitions on the storage devices must be one of the following file system formats:
FAT32, NTFS, EXT2, EXT3. To the right of the access icons are command options.

The following commands are available:

Table 3. Partition Commands

Disconnect This option prepares the USB partition for disconnection by correctly

unmounting the file system. In most cases, you can safely disconnect the
device without first unmounting; however, the Disconnect command ensures
that any data still in the write cache is written to the disks and that the file
system is correctly closed. The Disconnect option unmounts all partitions on
the device. Once the device is disconnected, physically remove and
re-connect to the network storage to regain access the USB device,.

Locate In cases where you attach multiple storage devices and want to determine

which device corresponds to the device listing, the Locate command causes
the device LED to blink, if the device is present.

Format

AT32

F
Format EXT3 This option formats the device as an EXT3 file system. Select this option if

This option formats the device as a FAT32 file system. FA T32 format is easily
recognizable by most newer Windows, Linux, and Unix operating systems.

you will be accessing the USB device mainly from Linux systems or network
storage devices.
and mode information can be retained using this format, whereas this
capability is not there with FAT32. Although not natively present in the base
operating system, EXT3 support for Windows and OS X can be added.

The advantage of EXT3 over FAT32 is that file ownership

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When the USB device is unmounted, you have the option of renaming it. The next time the
same device is connected, it uses the new name rather than the default USB_FLASH_n or
USB_HDD_n naming scheme.

The USB storage shares are listed on the Share screen, and access restrictions can be
specified there.

The share names reflect the USB device names. USB storage devices are
shared using the name of the device appended with the partition number. To change the
base device name select Volumes > USB Storage.

USB Flash Device Option

Toward the lower portion of the USB Storage screen is the USB Flash Device Option
section, where you can elect to copy the content of a USB flash device to a specified share
on connection. Files are copied to a unique timestamp folder to prevent existing data from
being overwritten. This is useful for uploading pictures from digital cameras and music from
MP3 players without a PC.

In User Security mode, an additional option to set the ownership of the copied files is
available.

USB Volume Name and Access Rights

USB volume name and share access settings are persistent across mounts. The ReadyNAS
attempts to remember the name as long as there is a unique ID associated with the USB
device so that the next time the device is connected, the same share name or names will be
available. Share access restrictions are saved across disconnects.

Note: Even when access authorization is based on user login, files on a

USB device are saved with UID 0, regardless of the user account.
This allows easy sharing of the USB device with other network
storage and PC systems.

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iSCSI Volumes

Use the iSCSI service to create one or more iSCSI volumes on the ReadyNAS.

Note: iSCSI is not available on the ReadyNAS 1500.

The iSCSI (Internet SCSI) protocol allows clients called initiators to send SCSI commands to
SCSI storage devices called targets on remote servers. It is a popular Storage
(SAN) protocol, allowing organizations to consolidate storage into data center storage arrays,
while providing hosts, such as databases and Web servers, with the illusion of
locally-attached disks. Unlike Fibre Channel, which requires special-purpose cabling, iSCSI
can be run over long distances using existing network infrastructure.

An iSCSI initiator sends SCSI commands over an IP network to an iSCSI target. Software to

provide an iSCSI initiator is available for most mainstream operating systems. Unlike network
file services where you access files in network share folders, the iSCSI target presents itself
as a virtual block device and can be treated like a locally attached disk to the client system
acting as the iSCSI initiator
target device, and treat the device as though it was locally attached.

. Windows, for instance, could run FAT32 or NTFS on the iSCSI

Area Network

To configure an iSCSI target volume on the ReadyNAS, select V
iSCSI.

To enable iSCSI support, click Create iSCSI Target, and enter the name of the target you
want, and the capacity you want to reserve for this target device. Maximum capacity is
slightly less than the full free space on the ReadyNAS. If you want to enable authentication
for access, enable CHAP authentication and specify the user name and password. The
password needs to be at least 12 characters long.

olumes > V olume Settings >

For instructions on setting up iSCSI access from various operating systems, see the article,

Setting up the ReadyNAS to Be an iSCSI T

ReadyNAS.com.

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3. Manage User Accounts

The topics in this chapter cover the setup and management of the ReadyNAS Network Attached

Storage System in your network.

This chapter contains the following sections:

• Setting Security Access Modes

• Setting Up User and Group Accounts

• Changing User Passwords

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Setting Security Access Modes

The ReadyNAS offers the User and Domain security access options.
Select the appropriate option based on the required level of security and your current network

authentication scheme.

User

NETGEAR recommends user security mode for the small and medium-size office or
workgroup environments. User mode allows you to set share access restrictions based on
user and group accounts. In this security mode, the administrator must set and maintain user
and group accounts on the ReadyNAS device itself. See User Security Mode on page 55 for
more information about using this option.

Domain

The Domain security mode is appropriate for department or corporate environments where a
centralized Windows-based domain controller or active directory server is present.
ReadyNAS device integrates into this environment by creating a trusted relationship with the
domain or ADS authentication server and allowing all user authentications to occur there.
This eliminates the need for separate account administration on the device itself. See

Domain Security Mode on page 56 for more information about using this option.

The

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User Security Mode

This mode is ideal for small and medium-size offices or workgroups. Select the User security
option to control access to shares based on user or group accounts and if your network does
not utilize a domain controller for authentication.

In User security mode, the administrator specifies a workgroup name, and creates user and
group accounts, and has control over how much disk space is allocated for each user or
group. A user account needs to be created for anyone accessing this device. This option
supports setting disk quotas on a per-user or per-group basis.

Each user is given a home share on the ReadyNAS device so personal data remains private.
This home share is accessible only by that user
backups. The option to automatically generate the private home share is controlled in the

Accounts/Preferences screen, and can disabled as needed.

Note: Private home shares are accessible only by users using CIFS

(Windows), AFP (Mac), and FTP/S protocols.

You need the following information to set up the ReadyNAS for User security mode:

orkgroup name

• W

• Group names you want to create (for example, Marketing, Sales, Engineering)

• User names you want to create (plus email addresses if you will be setting disk

quotas)

• Amount of disk space you want to allocate to users and groups (optional)

To change or set a workgroup name:

1. Select the User radio button.

2. Enter the name you want to use in the W

be the workgroup name that is already used on your Windows network.

3. Click Apply to save your changes.

, and by the administrator to perform

orkgroup field in the User section. The name can

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Domain Security Mode

For the Domain security option, you need to create a trusted relationship with the domain
controller or the active directory server (ADS) that will act as the authentication server for the
ReadyNAS device. At this time ReadyNAS can be used in a domain environment that serves
up to 32,000 users.

You need the following information to set up the ReadyNAS for Domain security mode:

• Domain name

• Domain administrator login

• Domain administrator password

• If using

- DNS name of the

- OU (organization unit).

ADS, you need:

ADS realm

You can specify OUs by separating OU entries with

commas. The lowest level OU must be specified first.

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You can elect to have the ReadyNAS automatically auto-detect the domain controller, or you
can specify the IP address. If the auto-detection fails, you need to supply the IP address of
the domain controller to join the domain.

Note: If there are a large number of users in your domain, the FrontView

management system might slow to an unusable state. To help
performance, you might want to clear the Display users from
trusted domains... check box.

Click Apply to join the domain. If auto-detection is successful, users and groups from the
domain now have login access to the shares on this device.

Accounts are managed on the domain controller. The ReadyNAS pulls the account
information from the controller and displays it on the Accounts screen if you have the Display
users from trusted domains… option enabled. If you want, you can assign a disk quota to
the domain users and groups. If email addresses are specified, users are automatically
notified when approaching and reaching their quotas.

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Setting Up User and Group Accounts

Access to shares requires the correct login authentication. Each user and group can be set to

the specific access required. For example, company financial data can be restricted to
individual users, or users belonging to one particular group.

To manage user and group accounts, select Security > User & Group
The pull-down menu provides access to several options, as described in the following

sections.

• Managing Users on page 59.

• Managing Groups on page 60.

• Importing User Lists on page 60.

• Importing Group Lists on page 62.

• Exporting User Lists on page 64.

• Exporting Group Lists on page 64.

• Preferences on page 65.

Accounts.

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Managing Users

To manage user accounts:

1. Select Manage Users from the pull-down menu.

2. Click the Add User screen to add a new user

For each user, add the following information:

• User name

• Email address

• User ID

• Group association from the Primary Group pull-down menu

• Password

• Disk quota

. You can add up to five users at a time.

3. Click Apply to save your settings.

Only the Username and Password fields are
required; however
address if you intend to set up disk quotas. Without
an email address, the user will not be warned when
disk usage approaches the specified disk quota
limit.

If you do not want to assign a disk quota, enter 0.
If you want to add a large number of users, select

Import user list from the pull-down menu and
browse to locate the file containing the group list.

, you should specify a user

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Managing Groups

To add a new group:

1. Select Manage Groups from the pull-down menu in the upper right corner

2. Select the Add Group screen.

You can add up to five groups at a time. If you expect to have just one large set of users
for one group, you can forego adding a new group, and accept the default users group.

3. Click Apply to save your settings.

.

Importing User Lists

You can upload a CSV (comma separated value) formatted file containing the user account
information. The file format is:

name1,password1,group1,email1,uid1,quota1
name2,password2,group2,email2,uid2,quota2
name3,password3,group3,email3,uid3,quota3
:

Note the following:

• Spaces around commas are ignored.

• The name and password fields are required.

• If a listed group account does not exist, it is automatically created.

• Group and quota are set to the defaults if not specified. Set the default using the

Preferences option. See Preferences on page 65.

• Email notification is not sent to the user if the field is omitted or left blank.

• UID is automatically generated if not specified.

• Empty fields are replaced with account defaults.

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Examples of acceptable formats are as follows. Note that you can omit follow-on commas
and fields if you want to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the
fields empty:

fred,hello123

In this example, user fred has a password set to hello123. He belongs to the default group,
receives no email notification, has a UID assigned automatically, and has a default quota.

\barney,23stone,[e-mail]

In this example, user barney has a password set to 23stone. He belongs to the default group,
receives email notification sent to [e-mail], has a UID assigned automatically
and has a default quota.

wilma,imhiswif,ourgroup,[e-mail],225,50

In this example, user wilma has a password imhiswif. She belongs to the group ourgroup,
receives email notification sent to [e-mail], has a UID set to 225, and a quota
set to 50Mb.

,

To import a user list

1. Select Security > User and Group

:

Accounts.

2. Select Import User List from the pull-down menu in the upper

right corner

.

3. Click Browse to select the file.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Importing Group Lists

A user can belong to multiple groups. Once user accounts are created, you can place users

in secondary groups. This allows for finer-grain settings for share access. For instance, you
can have user Joe in the Marketing group also belong to the Sales group so Joe can access
shares restricted to the Marketing and Sales groups.

While adding a new group, specify the amount of disk space you want to allocate to that
group by setting a disk quota. A value of 0 denotes no limit. You can also set the Group ID,
(GID), of the group that you are adding. You can leave this field blank and let the system
automatically assign this value unless you want to match your GID to your NFS clients.

You can view or change your groups by clicking the alphabetical index screen, or click All to
list all groups.

To add a large number of groups, select Import group list from the pull-down menu, and
browse to locate the file containing the group list. You can upload a CSV (comma-separated
values) formatted file containing the group account information.

The file format is:

name1,gid1,quota1,member11:member12:member13
name2,gid2,quota2,member21:member22:member23
name3,gid3,quota3,member31:member32:member33
:

Note the following:

• Spaces around commas are ignored.

• The name field is required.

• Quota is set to the default if not specified.

• GID is automatically generated if not specified.

• Empty fields are replaced with account defaults.

• Group members are optional.

Examples of acceptable formats are as follows. Note that you can omit follow-on commas
and fields if you want to accept the system defaults for those fields, or you can leave the
fields empty:

flintstones

In this example, the group flintstones is created with an automatically assigned GID and
default quota.

rubble,1007,5000,barney:betty

In this example, the group rubble has a GID of 1007, a quota of 5000Mb, with members
barney and betty.

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To import a group list:

Use this option to upload a CSV (comma-separated values) formatted file to simplify adding a
list of users. Click Help for format specification and examples

1. Select Security > User and Group

Accounts.

2. Select Import group list from the pull-down menu in the upper

right corner.

3. Click Browse to locate the file containing the group list and

upload a CSV (comma-separated values)

formatted file

containing the group account information.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Exporting User Lists

You can export the user account list on the device into a CSV (comma-separated values)
formatted file and have it sent by email. The file will also be backed up in the admin user
home directory.

To export a user list:

1. Select Security > User and Group

2. Select Export user list from the pull-down menu in the upper

right corner.

3. Enter an email address and click the Send user list button.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

Accounts.

Exporting Group Lists

You can export the group list on this device into a CSV (comma-separated values) formatted
file and have it sent by email. The file will also be backed up in the admin user home
directory.

To export a group list:

1. Select Security > User and Group

2. Select Export group list from the pull-down menu in the upper

right corner.

3. Enter an email address and click the Send user list button.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

Accounts.

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Preferences

Use the Preferences option to set default parameters for new accounts.

To set account preferences:

1. Select Preferences from the pull-down menu in the upper right corner

2. Set the parameters on the screen.

.

3. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Changing User Passwords

In User security mode there are two ways user passwords can be changed.

1. The preferred method is to allow users to change their own passwords.

a. Open a W

share listing screen at https://<ip_addr>/.

b. Select the Password screen, and follow the prompts to set a new password.

This encourages users to change their passwords on a more regular basis for
enhanced security

2. Optionally, the administrator can change the passwords.

a. Select Security > User & Group
b. Select Manage Users from the pull-down menu.
c. Select the user whose password needs to be reset.
d. Enter a new password in the Password field.
e. Click Apply to save changes.

eb browser and use your existing password to log in to access the Web

, and relieves the administrator from this task.

Accounts.

Note: In Domain security mode, the Password screen does not appear.

User passwords in Domain mode must be set on the domain or ADS
server.

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4. Manage & Access Shares

This chapter discusses managing and accessing data from the following operating systems and

protocols, and contains the following sections:

• Managing Shares

• Accessing Shares from a Web Browser

• Accessing Shares from Windows

• Accessing Shares from Mac OS X

• Accessing Shares from Mac OS 9

• Accessing Shares through FTP/FTPS

• Accessing Shares from Linux/Unix

• Remote Access

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Managing Shares

Shares enable you to organize the information stored on a volume. The administrator has
access to that information and sets permissions for other users and groups. For example, for
generic policies and forms, like blank expense reports, everyone should be able to access
them. For sensitive data, like financial information, only the finance group and specified
personnel should be granted access to it.

The Shares screen provides share service options for the ReadyNAS device, which includes
share management (including data and print shares), volume management, and share
service management.

Adding Shares

To add a share:

1. From the main menu, select Shares >

If more than one volume is configured, click the volume where you want to add the share.

2. Enter the share name and description.

Once you finish adding the shares, they will be accessible from different client operating
systems, as described later in this chapter

Add Shares.

.

Note: Enabling public access means anyone on the network without a

user account on the ReadyNAS can access the share.

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Fine-Tuning Share Access

To manually fine-tune share access, select Share Listing once the shares are added.

Icon Legend

The columns to the left of the Delete check box represent the services that are currently
available. The access icons in those columns summarize the status of the service and the
access rights to the share for each of the services. Move the mouse pointer over the access
icons to view the access settings.

The settings are as follows:

• Disabled.

• Read-only Access.

• Read/W

• Read

Access to this share is disabled.

Access to this share is read-only.

rite Access. Access to this share is read/write.

Access with exceptions. Either (1) access to this share is read-only and

allowed only for specified hosts, (2) access is read-only except for one or more users
or groups that are granted read/write permission, or (3) access is disabled except for
one or more users or groups that are granted read-only privilege.

rite Access with exceptions. Either (1) access to this share is read/write and

• W

allowed only for specified hosts, (2) access is read/write except for one or more users
or groups that are restricted to read-only access, or (3) access is disabled except for
one or more users or groups that are granted read/write privilege.

To set the access rules for each file protocol, click the access icons to display the Share
Options screen. Keep in mind that access options dif

fer between protocols.

To delete a share, select the check box on the far right of the share listing and click Delete.

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Setting Share Access

Access the CIFS Share Access Restrictions screen by clicking the file system icon.

Share Access Restriction

To limit share access to particular users or groups, enter their names in the Read-only users,
Read-only groups, Write-enabled users, and Write-enabled group fields. The names must
be valid accounts, either on the network storage or on the domain controller. Note that access
control differs slightly from service to service.

For instance, to allow read-only access to all, and read/write access only to user fred and
group engr, set the following:

• Default: Read-only

• W

rite-enabled users: fred

• W

rite-enabled groups: engr

To limit this access only to hosts 192.168.2.101 and 192.168.2.102, set the following:

• Default: Read-only

• Hosts allowed access: 192.168.2.101, 192.168.2.102

• W

rite-enabled users: fred

• W

rite-enabled groups: engr

To specify some users and groups for read-only access and some for read/write access, and
disallow all other users and groups, enter the following:

• Default: Disabled

• Hosts allowed access: 192.168.2.101, 192.168.2.102

• Read-only users: mary

• Read-only groups: marketing, finance

• W

rite-enabled users: fred

• W

rite-enabled groups: engr

, joe

To grant guests access to this share, select the Allow guest access check box.

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Share Display Option

Restricting access to a share does not prevent users from seeing the share in the browse list.
In certain instances, such as backup shares, you might want to prevent users from seeing it.

To hide a share, select the Hide this share check box. Users with access to this share must
specify the path explicitly. For example, to access a hidden share, enter \\host\share in the
Windows Explorer address bar.

Recycle Bin

A Recycle Bin can be enabled for each share for Windows users. Use the Enable Recycle
Bin option is shown at the bottom of the CIFS screen.

When this check box is selected, whenever a file is deleted, the file gets inserted into the
Recycle Bin folder in the share rather than being permanently deleted. This allows for a
grace period during which users can restore deleted files.

You can specify the grace period by setting how long to keep the files in the Recycle Bin and
how large the Recycle Bin can get before the files are permanently erased.

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Advanced CIFS Permission

The Advanced CIFS Permission section offers options for setting the default permission of
new files and folders created through CIFS. The default permission for newly created files is
read/write for the owner, and owner’s group, and read-only for others (that is, everyone).
Permission for newly created folders is read/write for everyone. The default permission can
be changed to meet additional security requirements.

Opportunistic locking, often referred to as oplocks, enhances CIFS performance by allowing
files residing on the ReadyNAS to be cached locally on the Windows client with the file or files
opened, thus eliminating network latency when the files are constantly accessed.

When another client attempts to open the same file or files, the cached data is written to the
ReadyNAS, and the oplock is released.

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Advanced Options

Clicking the access icons on the Share LIst screen opens the Advanced Options screen,
which offers advanced low-level file manipulation options that can affect file access through
all file protocol interfaces. Care should be taken before these options are used, as anything
that changes ownership and permissions might not be easily reversible.

Advanced Share Permission

The Advanced Share Permission section offers the options to override the default ownership
and permission of the share folder on the embedded file system and to permeate these
settings to all files and folders residing on the selected share. The Set ownership and
permission for existing files and folders option performs a one-time change. Depending on
the size of the share, this can take a while to finish.

You can also select the Grant rename and delete privilege to non-owners option. In a
collaborative environment, you might want to enable this option. In a more security-conscious
environment, disable this option.

Advanced Share Utilities

Use this option to adjust the timestamps of the contents of the share. This can be used to fix
issues with incremental backups, and sources or destinations that change local timestamps
when daylight savings time changes. In the Shift share content timestamps by field enter a
positive number to push timestamps ahead, negative numbers to push them back.

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Accessing Shares from a Web Browser

To see the share listings and access a share using a Web browser, click either Browse on
the RAIDar utility, or enter http://<ipaddr> or http://<hostname> in the Microsoft Explorer
browser address bar.

Hostname is the ReadyNAS hostname assigned in the Network screen.
hostname starts with nas- followed by the last three hex bytes of the device MAC address.

To access a specific share, simply add the name of the share to the address.
For example, http://<hostname>/backup
For a secure encrypted connection use HTTPS. You are prompted to log in.

Log in with a valid user name and password. If the share access is read-only, only the file
manager displays. If the share is also writable, options for creating, modifying, and deleting
files are displayed in the file manager.

The default

One useful application for a Web share is to set an internal company Web site. You can copy
HTML files to the Web share using Windows, Mac, NFS, or HTTP. When you set HTTP
access to read-only, HTML files (including index.htm and index.html) on the Web site can be
viewed from any Web browser.

Note: Files created under the Web file manager can be deleted only under

this file manager. The only exception is for the admin user. The
admin user can change or delete any files created over the Web
using any protocol. Files not created from the file manager can be
modified within the file manager, but cannot be deleted here.

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Accessing Shares from Windows

To access Shares from a PC

o see a list of shares in Windows, either click the Browse button in RAIDar or enter

1. T

\\<ip_address> or \\<hostname> in the address bar.

2. When prompted, enter your user name and password to connect to the ReadyNAS.

Windows Explorer will display the contents of the ReadyNAS share.

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Accessing Shares from Mac OS X

To access the same share over AFP with OS X,

1. In Finder

2. From here, access to the

how you have chosen to advertise your AFP share.

, select the Go > Network menu.

AFP share can be over Bonjour or over AppleTalk, depending on

AFP over Bonjour

To access the AFP share advertised over Bonjour on Mac OS X,

1. in Finder select Go > Network to see a listing of available networks.

2. Open the My Network folder to display the ReadyNAS hostname.

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3. Enter the user name and password you want to use to connect to the ReadyNAS.

4. From the V

olumes field, select the share you want to access and click OK.

AFP over AppleTalk

To advertise your AFP service over AppleTalk,

1. A list of available networks displays.

2. Open the My Network folder to display the ReadyNAS hostname. Select the one with the

hostname only. You are prompted with a connection box.

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3. Select Guest and click Connect. Then, select the share you want to connect to and click

OK

In Share security mode, if you have set up a password for your share, you need to specify
only the user name and password. If you have not set up a user name, enter the share
name in place of the user name.

In User or Domain security mode, enter the user name and password you want to use to
connect to the ReadyNAS.

You should see the same file list as you would in Windows Explorer.

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Accessing Shares from Mac OS 9

To access the same share under Mac OS 9:

1. select Connect to Server from the Finder menu, choose the ReadyNAS device entry

from the

AppleTalk section, and click Connect.

2. When prompted to log in, enter the share name and password if the ReadyNAS is

configured for Share security mode; otherwise, enter a valid user account and password,
and click Connect.

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3. If no share password is set in Share mode, you can select the Guest radio button and leave

the Password field blank. A successful login shows a list of one or more shares. Select the
share that you want to connect to and click OK.

4. You should see the same files in the share that you do in Windows Explorer.

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Accessing Shares through FTP/FTPS

To access the share using FTP in Share security mode:

1. Log in as anonymous and use your email address for the password.

2. To access the share, use the appropriate user login and password used to access the

ReadyNAS.

Note: For better security, use an FTPS (FTP-SSL) client to connect to the

ReadyNAS FTP service. With FTPS, both the password and data
are encrypted. Also, when using FTPS, only Explicit mode (also
known as FTPES or AUTH TLS) is supported.

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Accessing Shares from Linux/Unix

To access this share from a Linux or Unix client:

1. Mount the share over NFS by entering:

mount <ipaddr>:/<backup /backup>

where backup is the share name.
Running the ls command in the mounted path displays the share content.

To access this share from a Linux or Unix client where backup is the share name

1. Mount the share over NFS by entering:

mount <ipaddr>:/<backup /backup>
Running the ls command in the mounted path displays the share content.

Note: The ReadyNAS does not support NIS as it is unable to correlate NIS

information with CIFS user accounts. In mixed environments where
you want CIFS and NFS integration, set the security to User mode
and manually specify the UID and GID of the user and group
accounts to match your NIS or other Linux/Unix server settings. The
ReadyNAS can import a comma-delimited file containing the user
and group information to coordinate Linux/Unix login settings. See

Managing Users on page 59 for more information.

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Remote Access

You can remotely access your ReadyNAS from the Internet from the ReadyNAS remote
feature, or through the FTP and HTTP protocols. This section provides instructions for
enabling remote access to your ReadyNAS.

ReadyNAS Remote

ReadyNAS Remote is a Web-based add-on service that enables drag and drop file transfers
from the Windows Explorer or the Mac Finder over CIFS/SMB. All file permissions and share
security settings are retained as if you were on the LAN. All data are transmitted securely
over an encrypted tunnel. The setup and use of ReadyNAS Remote is intuitively easy.

See Add-Ons on page 31 for more information about add-on features.

To enable ReadyNAS Remote:

1. Install the ReadyNAS Remote client software for Mac or PC.

The following screenshots are from a PC; however the Mac steps are nearly identical.

Link to
ReadyNAS
Remote
desktop
client and
tutorial

a. Log in to FrontView and select Services > Installed Add-ons > ReadyNAS Remote.
b. Click the “here” link on the screen, or go to http://readynas.com/download, to

download the client software from ReadyNAS.com, and view the setup tutorial.

c. Install the ReadyNAS Remote client software.

Note: Desktop firewall software can block the ReadyNAS Remote client. If

the PC or Mac is running firewall software like Norton, Zone Alarm,
or Kaspersky, you need to configure your desktop firewall to give
permission to the ReadyNAS Remote client software.

2. Click the link in the ReadyNAS Remote client software to create a ReadyNAS Remote

account.
Web service.

A popup notice displays upon successful registration with the ReadyNAS Remote

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3. Use FrontView to enable the ReadyNAS Remote feature, and identify the ReadyNAS

Remote accounts that you will permit to access your ReadyNAS shares.

4. Use the ReadyNAS Remote client to log in to the ReadyNAS.

You can now drag and drop files between your desktop and the ReadyNAS as though
you were on the ReadyNAS LAN.

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Remote FTP Access

1. Select Services > Standard File Protocols, and select the FTP check box.

a. Port. Defines the TCP/IP port that the FTP service will be using.

The default port is 21. This port needs to be forwarded through the router . Refer to the
port forwarding instructions provided with your router

b. Authentication mode.

• Anonymous: No login information is required for FTP users.

• User: Users need an account configured on the ReadyNAS from either User or

Domain security mode.

.

c. Allow upload resumes.

share if the connection had been previously interrupted. Without this option enabled,
if the connection is dropped at 50 percent completion, the file upload must restart
from the beginning.

d. Passive ports.

ReadyNAS from over the Internet. This port range should be adjusted to the
maximum number of concurrent sessions you expect to run at one time. If you
expect frequent concurrent access from many users, double this number, as each
FTP user will consume a passive port.

e. Masquerade as.

FTP client.

2. Configure the FTP share access options.

Change Share Access
user permissions you require.

This port range is required to enable remote access to the

This field adjusts the hostname that the FTP server reports to an

This option allows users to finish uploading a file to the FTP

Restrictions to allow FTP access to the share according to the

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Remote HTTP/HTTPS Access

1. Select Services > Standard File Protocols, and select the HTTP check box.

HTTP

• Redirect default W

hosting of user-created HTTP Web pages on the ReadyNAS.

• Login authentication on this share. Configures the share for whether or not

authentication is required if users are browsing to the user-created W

HTTPS

HTTPS cannot be disabled; FrontView requires it.

• Port 1.

• Port 2.

standard 443.

Note: Changing the default HTTPS port requires enabling port forwarding

• SSL key host. Use this field to configure the hostname used for the ReadyNAS to

generate its SSL certificate, and then create a new SSL certificate. NETGEAR
recommends that you update this field to match the current IP address of the
ReadyNAS and then generate a new SSL certificate to avoid future certificate errors
from your W

This field cannot be modified; it is reserved for the ReadyNAS.
This field can be used to allow HTTPS connections over a port other than the

of the port you choose on the router. Refer to the port forwarding
instructions provided with your router.

eb browser.

eb access to this share. Advanced configuration option allowing

eb content.

In this scenario, it is best to have a fixed IP configuration for the ReadyNAS so that
the certificate remains valid.
NETGEAR recommends that you use a Dynamic DNS service to access the
ReadyNAS through a persistent fully qualified domain name provided by a DDNS
service provider rather than through an IP address.

Also, if the WAN IP address configuration is DHCP,

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2. Configure the HTTP/S share access options.

Change the Share Access

Restrictions to allow HTTP access to the share according to

the user permissions you require.

3. Enable WebDAV support

WebDA V is an HTTP connection method that allows drag and drop file transfers similar to
what you might experience with a standard Windows or Mac OSX computer

. See the
article Accessing ReadyNAS remotely with WebDAV at http://readynas.com/?p=126 for
instructions on how to set up WebDAV.

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5. Backing Up Your Data

This chapter explains how to back up the data from your ReadyNAS, and contains the following

sections:

• Configuring Backup Jobs

• Time Machine Backup

• Snapshots

• ReadyNAS Vault Service

• Enabling Rsync and Specifying Rsync Rights

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Configuring Backup Jobs

The Backup Manager integrated with the ReadyNAS allows the ReadyNAS to act as a
powerful backup appliance. Backup tasks can be controlled directly from the ReadyNAS
without the need for a client-based backup application.

With the flexibility to support incremental backups over CIFS/SMB, NFS, and Rsync
protocols, and full backups over FTP and HTTP protocols, the ReadyNAS can act as a
simple central repository for both home and of
ReadyNAS systems, you can set up one ReadyNAS to directly back up another.

Adding a New Backup Job

You can use the following backup sources:

• A public or a private home share

• An iSCSI individually addressable (logical) SCSI device (a logical unit number or

LUN)

• All home shares on the ReadyNAS

fice environments. And with multiple

Note that backup sources can be local or remote.

To create a new backup job:

1. From the main menu, select Backup >

The Add a New Backup screen displays.

2. Select a backup source.

The backup source can be a share or a path located locally on the ReadyNAS, or
remotely on another ReadyNAS or a computer
share on the ReadyNAS or a USB device attached to the ReadyNAS, or you back up the
entire data volume.

Add a New Backup.

. If the source is local, you can select any

If you select a share or a USB device on the ReadyNAS, you can leave the path blank to
back up the entire share or device or enter a folder path to back up just the content of that
folder.

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If you want to back up a remote source to the ReadyNAS, enter the remote host name,
the folder path, and any login credential required to access that path.

To ensure that you have the right access to the remote backup source, click Test
Connection after entering the source parameters.

Each file protocol uses a slightly different path notification, so refer to the following list for
the correct form. Notice that a forward slash (/) is used instead of a backslash (\) in all
instances. Depending on how your unit is configured, you are presented with several
backup source options:

• Remote Windows/NAS (Timestamp). Backs up a share from a Windows PC.

Incremental backups use timestamps to determine whether files should be backed
up. Examples of a Windows or remote ReadyNAS path:

• /myshare

• /myshare/myfolder

• Remote Windows/NAS (Archive Bit). Backs up a share from a Windows PC.

Incremental backups use the archive bit of files, similar to Windows, to determine if
they should be backed up. Examples of a Windows or remote ReadyNAS path:

• /myshare

• /myshare/myfolder

• Remote Website. Backs up a website or a website directory. The backed-up files

include files in the default index file and all associated files, as well as all index file
links to web page image files. Examples of a web site path:

• /myshare

• /myshare/myfolder

• Remote FTP Site. Backs up an FTP site or a path from that site. Examples of an FTP

path:

• /myserver/mypath/mydir

• /myserver/mypath/mydir/myfile

• Remote NFS Server. Backs up from a Linux or UNIX server across NFS. Mac OS X

users can also use this option by setting up an NFS share from the console terminal.
Examples of an NFS path:

• /mypath

• /mypath/myfolder

• Remote Rsync Server . Backs up from a Rsync server . Rsync was originally available

for Linux and other UNIX-based operating systems, but is also popular under
Windows and Mac for its efficient use of incremental file transfers. This is the

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preferred backup method between two ReadyNAS devices. For more information,
see Enabling Rsync and Specifying Rsync Rights on page 103.

When you select the Remote Rsync Server as your backup source, you are
presented with additional options:

• Tunnel Rsync over SSH. Enables Rsync data transfers to go through a secure,

encrypted SSH tunnel. This is recommended when backups are being transferred
over the Internet. To use this option, you will need to download the public SSH file
key from the ReadyNAS and add it to the remote Rsync server’s authorized SSH
key list. To download the key, click Download public SSH key.

If the destination Rsync server is a ReadyNAS, select Shares > Share Listing on
the Rsync screen, and click Manage SSH Keys to add the public key

.

For more information about using Rsync with SSH, see the article Setting up
Rsync over SSH at http:/readynas.com/rsync_ssh.

• Enable Compression. Compresses data before transferring.

This option is
especially useful for slower network connections, such as when transferring data
over a WAN.

• Remove deleted files from target. Ensures that the destination has exactly the

same image as the ReadyNAS; however

, it is important to understand that any

accidental deletion of data on the ReadyNAS cannot be recovered.

• File and directory exclusion list. Specify any files and directories that you want

to exclude from the backup. Enter the files and directories as a comma-separated
list.

• iSCSI. Backs up from an iSCSI source.

3. Select a backup destination.

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This step is similar to Step 1 except you are now specifying the backup destination. If you
selected a remote backup source, you need to select a destination on the ReadyNAS.
The list of backup destination options is dependent on how your unit is configured. For
example, you must set up an iSCSI target on your unit before iSCSI appears on the
backup destination drop-down menu. Note that either the source or destination must be
the ReadyNAS.

If the source is the ReadyNAS, you can either enter a ReadyNAS destination or you can
specify a remote backup destination.

The remote backup destination can be a remote Windows PC with a ReadyNAS system,
a remote FTP site, a remote NFS server, a remote Rsync server, a ReadyNAS share, or a
USB device.

Note: You can select Rsync for a remote ReadyNAS if it is configured to

serve data over Rsync.

4. Set a backup schedule.

You can select a backup schedule as frequently as once every 4 hours, daily , or just once
a week. The backup schedule is offset by 5 minutes from the hour to allow you to
schedule snapshots on the hour (snapshots are almost instantaneous) and perform
backups of those snapshots.

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If you want, you can elect not to schedule the backup job so that you can invoke it
manually instead by clearing the Perform backup every check box. You might want to
do this if your ReadyNAS has a backup button, and if you prefer to tie the job to the
button.

5. Choose backup options.

Set how you want the backups to be performed:

• Schedule a full backup.

To set the frequency with which full backups are performed,

select from these options:

• First time

• Every week

• Every 2 weeks

• Every 3 weeks

• Every 4 weeks

• Every time this backup job is invoked

The first full backup is performed at the next scheduled occurrence of the backup
depending on the schedule you specify

. The next full backup is performed at the
interval you choose calculated from this first backup. Incremental backups are
performed between the full backup cycles.

Backups of a web or FTP site have only the option to do a full backup every time.

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• Send a backup log. Backup logs can be sent to the users on the Alert contact list

when the backup is complete. It is a good idea to select this option to make sure that
files are backed up as expected. You can elect to send only errors encountered
during backup, full backup logs consisting of file listings (can be large), or status and
errors (status refers to completion status).

Note: Backup log emails are restricted to approximately 10K lines. T o view

the full backup log (regardless of length), select Status > Logs and
click the Download All Logs link.

• Remove files from backup destination. Select this option if you want to erase the

destination path contents before the backup is performed. Be careful not to reverse
your backup source and destination because doing so can delete your source files for
good. It is safer to not select this option unless your device is running low on space.
Do an experiment with a test share to make sure you understand this option.

• Change ownership of backup files. The Backup Manager attempts to maintain

original file ownership whenever possible; however, this might cause problems in
Share Security mode when backup files are accessed. To work around this, you have
the option of automatically changing the ownership of the backed-up files to match the
ownership of the share. This allows anyone who can access the backup share to
have full access to the backed-up files.

6. Click Apply to save your settings.

Note: Before trusting your backup job to a schedule, it is a good practice to

manually perform the backup to make sure that access to the
remote backup source or destination is granted, and that the backup
job can be done within the backup frequency you selected. This can
be done after you save the backup job.

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Viewing the Backup Schedule

After saving the backup job, a new job appears in the Backup Schedule section of the
Backup Jobs screen.

A summary of scheduled backup jobs displays; jobs are numbered beginning at 001.

To manage your backup jobs:

1. Click the Job number icon to modify the selected backup job.

2. Enable or disable job scheduling by selecting or clearing the Enable check box. Disabling

the job does not delete the job, but removes it from the automatic scheduling queue.

3. Click Delete to permanently remove the job.

4. Click Go to manually start the backup job.

The status changes when the backup starts, when an error is encountered, or when the
job has finished.

5. Select the V

6. Click Clear Log to clear the current log detail.

iew Log link to check a detailed status of the backup.

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Viewing the Backup Log

You can view the backup log while the job is in progress or after it has finished.
The log format might differ depending on the backup source and destination type that was

selected, but you can see when the job was started and finished, and whether it was
completed successfully or with errors.

Editing a Backup Job

To edit a backup job, either click the three-digit job number button on the Backup Jobs
screen, or click the Edit Backup Job link while viewing that job log. Make appropriate
changes or adjustments to the job, as needed.

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Time Machine Backup

The ReadyNAS can be used as a backup destination for your Mac OS X Time Machine. After
enabling the Time Machine option, use the Change Disk option from Time Machine
Preferences to select this ReadyNAS. You need to enter the user name and password
specified in the ReadyNAS when prompted by the MAC for authentication.

For information about ReadyNAS support for Time Machine, see the article Easy T

Machine Setup with the ReadyNAS at http://readynas.com/TimeMachine.

ime

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Snapshots

The V olume screen allows you to schedule and take snapshots. Think of a snapshot as a
frozen image of a volume at the time you take the snapshot. Snapshots are typically used for
backups, during which time the original volume continues to operate normally. As primary
storage becomes larger, offline backups tend to become increasingly difficult because
backup time increases beyond offline hours. Snapshots allow backups to occur without the
need to take your systems offline.

Snapshots can also be used as temporary backups. For example, if a file on the ReadyNAS
device becomes infected with a virus, the uninfected file can be restored from a prior
snapshot taken before the attack.

Taking and Scheduling Snapshots

To take or schedule a snapshot:

1. From the V

Specify how often a snapshot should be taken. Snapshots can be scheduled in intervals
from once every 4 hours to once a week.

Note: If you do not see a Snapshot screen on the V olume screen, you did

olume screen, click the Snapshot screen to display the Snapshot screen.

not reserve any space for snapshots when you added the volume.
The ReadyNAS ships with a snapshot reserved space of 10GB. For
information on how to reserve space for snapshots, see Resizing

Snapshot Space on page 101.

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2. Specify the frequency and the days that you want to schedule a snapshot:

When start and end times are set to 00:00, ReadyNAS takes one snapshot at midnight. A
start time of 00:00 and an end time of 23:00 sets snapshots to be taken between midnight
and 1

1 p.m. the next day at the interval you specify.

Once you save the snapshot schedule, the time of the next snapshot displays. When the
next snapshot is taken, it replaces the previous one.

You can take manual snapshots at any time by clicking the T ake snapshot now button.

Take snapshot
now button

You can also specify how long a snapshot should last. If you use snapshots for backups,
schedule the snapshot to last slightly longer than the expected duration of the backup.
Having an active snapshot can affect the write performance to the ReadyNAS, so
deactivating snapshots when not needed might be advantageous in write-intensive
environments.

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When a snapshot is taken, a duplicate snapshot appears in the browse list alongside the
original share, except the duplicate share name has -snap appended to the original share
name. For example, a snapshot taken of the share music is available as music-snap.

Y ou can traverse a snapshot share just as you would a normal share except the snapshot
share is read-only. You can select a detailed listing to show the snapshot time in the
Description field.

Snapshots can expire when the reserved snapshot space is filled. The snapshot
mechanism keeps track of data that has been changed from the original volume starting
at the point when the snapshot is taken.

All these changes are kept in the reserved
snapshot space on the volume. The Disk space utilization field on the Volume screen
shows how much space has been reserved for snapshots.

After the snapshot is taken, if changes on the volume exceed this reserved space, the
snapshot is invalidated and can no longer be used.

Note: Changes that occupy space in the reserved snapshot space include

new file creation, modifications, and deletions; for instance, any time
you delete a 1MB file, the change caused by the deletion uses up
1MB of reserved space.

When the snapshot becomes invalidated, an email alert is sent and the status reflected
on the Snapshot screen.

The snapshot is no longer usable at this stage.

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