NetComm NP2624M User Manual

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Contents

1.3 Initial set up for management .................................................................................................... 6

1.4 LED indicators information ........................................................................................................ 9

2. Web Management Function ...........................................................................................................10

2.1. Web Management Home Overview ...................................................................................... 10

2.2. Port status ............................................................................................................................. 11

2.3. Port Statistics ........................................................................................................................ 13

2.4. Show MAC Table ....................................................................................................................15

2.5. Administrator ......................................................................................................................... 16

2.6. TFTP Update Firmware ..........................................................................................................54

2.7. Conﬁguration Backup ............................................................................................................ 55

2.8. Reset System ........................................................................................................................ 56

2.9. Reboot ...� 56

2.10. Event Logging ...................................................................................................................... 56

3. Console – Boot Loader .................................................................................................................. 57

3.1 1K X modem Firmware update ..............................................................................................58

3.2 TFTP Firmware update .......................................................................................................... 59

3.3 Set IP Address ....................................................................................................................... 59

3.4 Diagnose Sdram ....................................................................................................................60

4. Out-of-band Terminal mode management ...................................................................................... 61

4.1 Main Menu .............................................................................................................................62

4.2 Switch Static Conﬁguration .................................................................................................... 63

4.3. Protocol Related Conﬁguration ............................................................................................. 89

4.4. Status and Counters ...........................................................................................................104

4.5. Reboot Switch .................................................................................................................... 107

4.6. TFTP Update Firmware .......................................................................................................108

5. Application Examples .................................................................................................................... 110

5.1. VLAN application used with switch ...................................................................................... 110

5.2. Trunking Application used with switch ................................................................................. 112

5.3. “Single IP – Agent mode” application used with switch ........................................................ 112

5.4. “Single IP - Stacking mode” application used with switch ................................................... 117

5.5 Compatibility on Virtual Server and “Single IP” .................................................................... 122

Appendix A: Glossary of Terms ......................................................................................................... 124

Appendix B: Cable Information .......................................................................................................... 130

Appendix C: Registration and Warranty Information ........................................................................ 132

1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 Unpacking ................................................................................................................................ 4

1.2 Installation .................................................................................................................................�

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1. Introduction

The NP2624M switch is a high performance web-managed SNMP Layer 2 switch that provides users with 24 x 10/100Mbps Ethernet and 2 x 1000Mbps Gigabit ports. This Switch has SNMP management and remote control capabilities such as “Web Cluster”. The Gigabit module, which can be copper or ﬁbre media, supports 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX or 1000BASE-T, allowing users to increase their network response time at gigabit speeds and with great ﬂexibility. An RS-232 serial port provides an easy way for to install and set-up the Switch.

Non-blocking and maximum wire speed performances are designed on all ports. The Switch not only supports Auto-Negotiation, but also Auto-MDIX function on all switched 24 x 10/100Mbps RJ45 ports and two Gigabit Copper ports in both half or full duplex mode. The Auto-MDIX function makes it convenient for the user, because it eliminates cabling on straight-line or cross-line issues.

The NP2624M switch provides a convenient way to operate layer 2 management through a web browser. The User-friendly drop-down menus allow the user to easily learn, control and monitor the Switch. It supports not only traditional SNMP function, but also RMON 1,2,3,9 groups for advanced network analysis. A new management tool called “Single IP” provides the administrator an access right to enter the private IP domain through a single real IP. Using this management tool, a network manager can remotely control far-side servers in a private IP domain.

The Switch also supports both Port-based and Tag-based VLANs. To increase bandwidth application, it supports 7 groups with up to 4 ports Trunk, and moreover, these trunk ports offer a fail-over function and provide back up when one or more ports malfunction. A stacking mode is introduced here to enhance the ability of VLAN. An integrated UI not only displays the link status of the stacking sets, but also provides an easy way to set up the VLAN.

Total front access design with full LED status display provide easy installation, inspection and maintenance in rack mount environments. An additional LED display of the fan status allows for quick diagnosis of any over-heating.

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1.1 Unpacking

Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents, the carton should contain the following items:

• One NP2624M port Fast Ethernet Layer 2 Switch.

• One Mounting Kit including 2 mounting brackets and screws.

• Four rubber feet with adhesive backing.

• One AC power cord.

• One RS-232 cable.

• One CD containing this User Guide.

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1.2 Installation

You can use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch.

• The surface must support at least 3 kg. Do not place heavy objects on the Switch.

• You must be able to visually inspect the power cord and AC power connector.

• Ensure proper heat dissipation by making sure there is adequate ventilation around the Switch.

Desktop or Shelf Installation:

When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf, the rubber feet included with the device should attached ﬁrst. Attach these cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device. Allow adequate space for ventilation between the device and the objects around it.

Rack Installation:

The NP2624M switch can be mounted in an ELA standard-sized, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets on the switch side panels (one on each side) and secure them with the screws provided. Then, use the screws provided with the equipment rack to mount the switch on the rack.

Power on:

The NP2624M switch can be used with an AC power supply 100-240V AC, 50-60Hz. The AC power connector is located at the rear of the unit. The switch’s power supply will adjust to the local power source automatically and may be turned on with all or none of the LAN segment cables connected.

After the power switch is turned on, the LED indicators should respond as follows:

• All LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED indicators represents a reset of the system.

• The power LED indicator will blink while the Switch loads onboard software and performs a self-test. After approximately 20 seconds, the LED will light again to indicate the switch is in a ready state.

• The Speed, Link/Activity LED indicator may remain ON or OFF depending on every port’s situation.

• The fan LED will switch off if the fan is working normally. The LED goes RED if the fan has stopped or failed.

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1.3 Initial set up for management

There are two methods of management; one is out-of-band management, where you connect your PC to the switch through an RS232 cable. The other method is in-band-management, where you also connect your PC to the switch, but do so through an Ethernet network either locally or remotely, or simply directly connect your PC and the switch with an Ethernet cable. Before you activate the management function in the Switch, you should read the instructions below carefully to ensure you can access the switch through your PC.

1.3.1 Out-of-band Terminal Mode Management through RS-232

Step 1: Set Hyper Terminal parameters on your PC

Firstly, turn on your PC and execute a terminal mode program. For example, if you are in a Microsoft Window environment, you may choose “Hyper Terminal” from programs that are listed for communication.

Open a New Connection using COM1 (or the port on your computer that you are going to connect the Switch to) and select the following port settings:

Bits Rate per second = 57600

Data Bits = 8

Parity = None

Stop Bit = 1

Flow Control = None

Step 2: Access your Switch

After setting the above parameters on your PC, connect your switch device with the RS-232 cable provided and turn the switch on. After the switch runs its self-test, the device should respond and ask you to enter the username and password. If the switch had already booted, press the enter key to display the login screen. Type the default value for the username and password to proceed, the default username is “admin” and default password “admin”. To learn more about the operation of the Switch in this mode, refer the instructions in chapter 4 of this manual.

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1.3.2 In-band Management through Ethernet

In addition to terminal mode operation, the NP2624M switch also supports in-band management through a web browser. This function is much more user-friendly than terminal mode and can be performed either locally or remotely through Ethernet.

Before you can access the switch:

1. You have to know the IP Address and Subnet Mask of both your switch and your PC. The default value of the IP Address and Subnet Mask within the switch can be retrieved through terminal mode operation described in chapter 4 and the IP Address and Subnet Mask of your PC can be found in your PC operating system.

2. In general, within a network, the members in the same network domain must have the same Subnet IP unless there are routers between them or members in the same network domain can’t talk to each other. Ensure that all users in the same domain have different IP Addresses on the same Subnet Mask.

3. If there is a DHCP server in the network domain, ensure that the DHCP function is enabled in both your PC and the switch, then save the setting and reboot the switch (power-off-and–on once). The DHCP server and its protocol will automatically assign an IP address and related IP Subnet Mask and Default gateway. This allows you to execute your web browser in your PC and simply type “http:// IP-Address-of-switch” to access the switch through Ethernet or over the Internet. If there is no DHCP server in the network, you must follow the steps instructed below:

4. Webpage login will prevent attacks from hackers. If a user fails to correctly login 3 times, http authentication will reject any http request for 3 minutes.

Connecting without a DHCP server

When there is no DHCP server in your network domain, you must ensure that the PC or switch have different IP Addresses and same Subnet Mask. Below, are the steps to modify the IP conﬁguration of the switch to match the domain requirement of the PC:

Step 1: Get the IP conﬁguration information in your PC.

Step 2: Get IP conﬁguration value used for switch from your network manager.

Get an IP Address for your switch, the IP Subnet Mask, and the default gateway IP address (if needed) from your network manager.

Step 3: Modify the IP conﬁguration value within the switch to match the rule

In the step 3, you must use the data from step 2 to modify the default values within the switch. To achieve this, use terminal mode operation mentioned as described in 1.3.1 above. After modifying the IP address, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway in the switch, save the setting and execute the browser program with “http:// IP_Address_ of_ switch”. The login dialog box will be displayed. Type in the user name and password to proceed. Refer to the instructions in chapter 3 for more information.

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1.3.3 Telnet management

In addition to local terminal mode operation, the NP2624M switch supports remote management through Telnet over a network or the internet without a web browser. In this mode, the user has to enter the same settings as required in in-band management to the IP Conﬁguration before executing the Telnet program. Again, after properly setting the switch, save the settings and connect your Ethernet cable from your PC to any port of the Switch. Then you simply type the following at the command line to access the switch:

Telnet IP_Address_of_Switch

The following window appears. Follow the prompts and type in the “username” and “password” to proceed. Refer to the instructions in chapter 3 of this manual for more information.

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1.4 LED indicators information

There are many LEDs on the front panel of switch. After the initial power on, these LEDs will reﬂect the current status within the switch as explained below:

There is one power LED on the left side of the front panel. When power is applied, it turns green. Below it is a Diagnostic LED which will blink whilst conducting power-on diagnostics. There are two more FAN status LEDs beside the power LEDs. The upper one indicates the left fan status and the lower one indicates the right fan status. These will turn RED if a fan has stopped or is malfunctioning. Otherwise these LEDs will switch off when the fans are working normally.

Each of the RJ-45 10/100Mbps connectors has two LEDs built-in to its upper corners. The left one indicates the link status and activity, while the right one indicates the speed.

The LEDs for the optional Gigabit module are somewhat different. The upper yellow LED indicates a 10Mbps LINK, the middle green LED indicates a 100Mbps LINK, but for 1000Mbps, or Gigabit, both upper and middle LEDs are lit (i.e. when a Gigabit port is linked with another Gigabit port).

LED Color Status

Solid Blinking

Power

Green Turn solid green when

power is applied to this device.

N/A

DIAG

Green Successful diagnostic. During power on

diagnostics

FAN

Red Left or Right side fan

fail.

N/A

LINK/ACT

Green Successful connection

with Fast Ethernet.

Sending, receiving or collision packets

10/100M

Green Successful connection

with 100Mbps Fast Ethernet.

N/A

Vanish Successful connection

with 10Mbps Fast Ethernet.

N/A

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2. Web Management Function

2.1. Web Management Home Overview

The ﬁrst page you will see after login to the switch via a web browser is the Web Management page.

This page will display the basic switch and module information. All information displayed in these ﬁelds is read-only. That is, the user cannot modify the contents of the ﬁelds. The ﬁelds are described below:

Switch Information

Description: Displays the name of device type.

MAC Address: The unique hardware address assigned by

manufacturer (default).

Firmware Version: Displays the switch’s ﬁrmware version.

ASIC Version: Displays the switch’s ASIC version.

The image of the switch at the top of the page indicates the whether the port is connected. Click on the menu items on the left of the screen to display more information.

The following sections give an explanation of each function.

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2.2. Port status

This page provides current status of every port and the negotiation result.

State: Displays the port status: On or Down. “Unlink” will

be treated as “off”.

Link Status: Displays the link status. Down means “No Link”, Up

means “Link”.

Auto Negotiation: Displays the auto negotiation mode: auto/force/

Nway-force.

Speed status: Displays the speed, port 1- 24 are 10/100Mbps, Port

25-26 are 10/100/1000Mbps.

Duplex status: Displays full-duplex or half-duplex mode.

Flow Control: Full: Displays the ﬂow control is enabled or disabled

in full mode.

Half: Displays the backpressure is enabled or

disabled in half mode.

Rate Control: Displays the rate control setting.

Ingr: Displays the port effective ingress rate of user

setting.

Egr: Displays the port effective egress rate of user

setting.

Port Security: Displays the port security is enabled or disabled.

Conﬁg: Displays the state of user setting.

Actual: Displays the negotiation result.

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2.2.1 Single port counter and status

The user can also click any port directly on the front panel of the Home Page to get single port status which is shown below.

There is a ﬂow rate historical chart on the right. The user can track the ﬂow rate of this port for the last 60 hours. Changing the scale will re-calculate the chart.

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2.3. Port Statistics

Statistics pages are provided to monitor network trafﬁc. They are: Port Summary, RMON Statistics(1), RMON Statistics(1) Graph, RMON Statistics(2).

The above information provides a summary of the switch’s current status, including on/off state, link status, good or bad packets of transmitting and receiving, packets of transmitting abort, packets of collision and drop packets.

The following pages provide the statistics of RMON 1,2,3,9 groups. The ﬁrst part collects the information about packets and frame size within the ranges of 64, 65-127, 128-255, 256-511, 5121023, and 1024-1518 bytes, the total received packets and the total receives bytes.

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The second part collects the information about drop events, broadcast packets, multicast packets, alignment errors, undersize packets, oversize packets, fragments, jabbers and collisions.

Press “Reset” button to clear the counter.

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2.4. Show MAC Table

The following information provides a table of the current MAC address that the switch has learned.

Press “Prev” or “Next” button to browse previous 50 or next 50 items. The “Top” button will re-list the table from the ﬁrst MAC.

The table can be sorted by each of the headings by clicking the header on the top of table. For instance, clicking the “MAC” on the top of table will refresh the table by the index of “MAC”.

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2.5. Administrator

There are many management functions that can be set or performed if you click on Administrator on Home Page, including:

• IP and Management mode

• Switch settings

• Console port information

• Port conﬁguration

• Trunking

• IGMP and MAC Filter

• VLAN conﬁguration

• Rapid Spanning tree

• Port Mirror

• SNMP

• Security Manager

• 802.1x Conﬁguration

• Ping

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2.5.1. IP and Management mode

The user can modify the switch IP Settings by entering the new values and clicking the “apply” button to conﬁrm (save) these settings. Then reboot the switch and the new IP conﬁguration values will be activated.

The Management mode indicates which role this switch is currently playing. “Agent Slave” means it is treated as a normal switch. “Agent Master” means the “Single IP” is activated and the switch is treated as agent manager. “Stacking Slave” is used only when this switch is going to be a member of stacking set. This setting will force the switch to activate spanning tree protocol and some VLAN settings in preparation for stacking switches. “Stacking Master” also does the same tasks but it plays the role of manager of the stack. Only the “Stacking Slave” can be added into the members of a stacking set under one “Stacking master”. The default management mode is “Agent Slave”.

The extra “Agent IP” setting is necessary for the “Single IP” management. It deﬁnes the IP and the subnet mask the master switch will be assigned, which are in the same IP domain as the managed hosts’ one.

The user can conﬁne the “Single IP” function to local management by assigning the agent IP to the same one as the switch’s IP. Different from original IP forwarding method, it will not increase the loading of switch.

“Agent IP” setting and “Agent management” in the main menu will not show up if the agent mode is set as “Slave”.

NOTE: If any of the values are changed in this screen, reboot is necessary.

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2.5.2 Switch Setting

2.5.2.1 Advanced

MAC Address Age-out Time: Type the number of seconds that an inactive MAC

address remains in the switch’s address table. The valid range is 300~765 seconds. Default is 300 seconds.

Max bridge transit delay bound control: Limits the packets queuing time in switch. If

enabled, the excess packets will be dropped. These valid values are 1 sec, 2 sec, and 4 sec and off. Default is 1 seconds.

NOTE: Make sure “Max bridge transit delay bound control” is enabled

before “Enable Delay Bound”, because “Enable Delay Bound” only works under “Max bridge transit delay bound control”.

Enable Delay Bound: Limit the low priority packets queuing time in

switch. Default Max Delay Time is 255ms. If the amount of time a low priority packet stays in the switch exceeds the Max Delay Time, it will be sent.

The valid range is 1-255ms.

Broadcast Storm Filter: To conﬁgure broadcast storm control, enable it

and set the upper threshold for individual ports. The threshold is the percentage of the port’s total bandwidth used by broadcast trafﬁc. When broadcast trafﬁc for a port rises above the threshold you set, broadcast storm control becomes active. The valid threshold value is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and off.

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Priority Queue Service settings:

First Come, First Serve: The sequence of packets sent is depending on the

arrival order.

All High before Low: The high priority packets are sent before the low

priority packets.

WRR: (Weighted Round Robin) Select the preference given

to packets in the switch’s high-priority queue. These options represent the number of high priority packets sent before one low priority packet is sent. For example, 5 High:2 Low means that the switch sends 5 high-priority packets before sending 2 low- priority packets.

QOS Policy: High Priority Levels: 0~7 priority level can be

mapped to a high or low queue.

2.5.2.2 Miscellaneous Configuration

Collisions Retry Forever: Disable – In half duplex, the collision-retry

maximum is 48 times and packet will be dropped if collisions still happen.

Enable – In half duplex, there is no collision-retry

limit. Retry will be attempted indeﬁnitely.

Hash Algorithm: Choose algorithms, CRC-Hash or DirectMap, to

maintain MAC address table.

IFG Compensation: Enable or disable inter-frame gap (IFG)

compensation.

802.1x Protocol: Enable or disable 802.1x protocol.

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2.5.3 Console Port Information

The Console is a standard UART interface which allows you to communicate with the Switch via a Serial Port. The user can use windows HyperTerminal program to link the switch.

Bits per seconds: 57600

Data bits: 8

Parity: none

Stop Bits: 1

Flow control: none

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2.5.4 Port Controls

The user may modify or change mode operation in this page.

Port: Select a port.

State: User can disable or enable this port control.

Negotiation: User can set auto negotiation mode to Auto, Nway

(specify the speed/duplex on this port and enable auto-negotiation), Force of per port.

Speed: User can set 100Mbps or 10Mbps speed on

Port1~Port24.

User can set 1000Mbps, 100Mbps or 10Mbps speed

on Port25~Port26 (depends on module card mode).

Duplex: User can set full-duplex or half-duplex mode per

port.

Flow Control: Full: User can set ﬂow control function to enable or

disable in full mode.

Half: User can set backpressure to enable or disable

in half mode.

Rate Control: Port1 ~ port 24, supports by-port ingress and egress

rate control. For example, assume port 1 is 10Mbps, users can set its effective egress rate at 1Mbps and ingress rate at 500Kbps. The device will perform ﬂow control or backpressure to conﬁne the ingress rate to meet the speciﬁed rate.

Ingress: Type the port effective ingress rate. The valid range

is 0 ~ 1000. The unit is 100K.

0: disable rate control.

1 ~ 1000: valid rate value

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Egress: Type the port effective egress rate. The valid range is

0~1000. The unit is 100K.

0: disable rate control.

1 ~ 1000: valid rate value.

Priority: Enable or disable the port priority function. There

are two priorities (high or low) provided if port priority is enabled.

Security: A port in security mode will be “locked” without

permission of address learning. Only the incoming packets with SMAC already existing in the address table can be forwarded normally. Users can disable the port from learning any new MAC addresses, then use the static MAC addresses screen to deﬁne a list of MAC addresses that can use the secure port.

Enter the settings, then click Apply button to change on this page.

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2.5.5 Trunking

The Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) provides a standardized means for exchanging information between Partner Systems on a link to allow their Link Aggregation Control instances to reach agreement on the identity of the Link Aggregation Group to which the link belongs, move the link to that Link Aggregation Group, and enable its transmission and reception functions in an orderly manner. In conclusion, Link aggregation lets you group up to eight consecutive ports into a single dedicated connection. This feature can expand bandwidth to a device on the network. LACP operation requires full-duplex mode, more detail information refers to IEEE 802.3ad

2.5.5.1 Aggregator setting

System Priority: A value used to identify the active LACP. The switch

with the lowest value has the highest priority and is selected as the active LACP. Valid value is 1~65535.

Group ID: There are seven trunk groups to provide conﬁgure.

Choose the “group id” and click “Get”.

LACP: If enabled, the group is LACP static trunking group.

If disabled, the group is local static trunking group. All ports support LACP dynamic trunking group. If connecting to the device that also supports LACP, the LACP dynamic trunking group will be created automatically.

Work ports: Allows for a maximum of four ports to be aggregated

at the same time. If LACP static trunking group, exceeds ports is standby and able to aggregate if work ports fail. If local static trunking group, the number must be as same as the group member ports.

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Select the ports to join the trunking group. Allow a maximum of four ports to be aggregated at the same time.

If LACP is enabled, you can conﬁgure LACP Active/Passive status in each port on State Activity page.

Click Apply.

2.5.5.2 Aggregator Information

When you are setting LACP aggregator, related information will be displayed.

1. This page displays no group active. LACP is not working.

2. This page displays Static Trunking groups.

3. This page displays Actor and Partner trunking in one group.

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2.5.5.3 State Activity

Active (select): The port automatically sends LACP protocol packets.

N/A (no select): The port does not automatically send LACP protocol

packets, and responds only if it receives LACP protocol packets from the opposite device.

1. A link that has either two active LACP ports or one active port can perform dynamic LACP trunking. A link has two N/A LACP ports will not perform dynamic LACP trunking because both ports are waiting for an LACP protocol packet from the opposite device.

2. If you are active LACP’s actor, when you select trunking port, the active status will be created automatically.

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2.5.6 Filter Database

2.5.6.1. IGMP Snooping

The NP2624M switch supports multicast IP. IGMP protocol can be enabled on this web page, and IGMP snooping information is displayed on this page. All multicast groups, VIDs and member ports are displayed in the list. IP multicast addresses range from 224.0.0.0 through

239.255.255.255.

The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is an internal protocol of the Internet Protocol (IP) suite.

IGMP can manage the multicast trafﬁc if the members (switches, router or other network devices) of groups support IGMP. With IGMP enabled, the member ports will detect IGMP queries, report packets and manage the IP multicast trafﬁc through the switch.

IGMP have three fundamental types of message as follows:

Message Description

Query A message is sent from the queries (IGMP router

or switch) asking for a response from each host belonging multicast group.

Report A message is sent by a host to the queries to indicate

that the host wants to be or is a member of a given group indicated in the report message.

Leave Group A message is sent by a host to the queries to indicate

that the host has quit being a member of a speciﬁc multicast group.

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2.5.6.2. Static MAC Address

When you add a static MAC address, it remains in the switch’s address table, regardless of whether the device is physically connected to the switch. This saves the switch from having to re-learn a device’s MAC address when the disconnected or powered-off device is active on the network again.

1. At the main menu, click Administrator >Filter Database >Static MAC Address.

2. In the MAC address box, enter the MAC address.

3. In the Port Number box, enter a port number.

4. If tag-based (IEEE 802.1Q) VLANs are set up on the switch, static addresses are associated with individual VLANs. Type the VID (tag-based VLANs) to associate with the MAC address.

5. Click the Add.

6. Click the “Prev 50” will list the previous 50 MAC addresses.

7. Click the “Top” will refresh the list from the ﬁrst entry.

8. Click the “Next 50” will list the next 50 MAC addresses.

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2.5.6.3 MAC filtering

MAC address ﬁltering allows the switch to drop unwanted trafﬁc. Trafﬁc is ﬁltered based on the destination addresses.

1. In the MAC Address box, enter the MAC address that you want to ﬁlter.

2. If tag-based (802.1Q) VLAN are set up on the switch, in the VLAN ID box, type the VID to associate with the MAC address.

3. Click the Add.

4. Choose the MAC address that you want to delete and then click the Delete.

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2.5.7. VLAN configuration

A Virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical network grouping that limits the broadcast domain. It allows you to isolate network trafﬁc so only members of the VLAN receive trafﬁc from the same VLAN members. Basically, creating a VLAN from a switch is logically equivalent to reconnecting a group of network devices to another Layer 2 switch. However, all the network devices are still plugged into the same switch physically.

The NP2624M switch supports port-based, 802.1Q (tagged-based) and protocol-base VLAN in web management page. In the default conﬁguration, VLAN support is disabled.

Support Port-based VLAN

Packets can only be broadcast among members of the same VLAN group. Note all unselected ports are treated as belonging to another single VLAN. If the port-based VLAN is enabled, the VLANtagging is ignored.

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Support Tag-based VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q VLAN)

Tagged-based VLAN is an IEEE 802.1Q speciﬁcation standard. Therefore, it is possible to create a VLAN across devices from different switch venders. IEEE 802.1Q VLAN uses a technique to insert a “tag” into the Ethernet frames. Tag contains a VLAN Identiﬁer (VID) that indicates the VLAN numbers.

Support Protocol-based VLAN

In order for an end station to send packets to different VLANs, it has to be either capable of tagging packets it sends with VLAN tags or attached to a VLAN-aware bridge that is capable of classifying and tagging the packets with a different VLAN ID based not only on the default PVID but also other information about the packet, such as the protocol.

The NP2624M switch will support protocol-based VLAN classiﬁcation by means of built-in knowledge of layer 2 packet formats used by selected popular protocols, such as Novell IPX and AppleTalk’s Ether Talk, and some degree of programmable protocol matching capability.

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